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Mašková H, Doudová L, Lieskovská J, Grubhoffer L, Štěrba J. Characterization of Stem Cell-Derived Langerhans-Like Cells: New Model Immune Cells for Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection Studies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10722-6. [PMID: 38605267 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mašková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Doudová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Grubhoffer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Štěrba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31a, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
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Beránková Z, Khanna R, Spěváková M, Langhansová H, Kopecký J, Lieskovská J. Cellular stress is triggered by tick-borne encephalitis virus and limits the virus replication in PMJ2-R mouse macrophage cell line. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102269. [PMID: 37813002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection may represent a stress condition to the host cell. Cells react to it by triggering the defence programme to restore homeostasis and these events may in turn impact the viral replication. The knowledge about tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection-associated stress is limited. Here we investigated the interplay between TBEV infection and stress pathways in PMJ2-R mouse macrophage cell line, as macrophages are the target cells in early phases of TBEV infection. First, to determine how stress influences TBEV replication, the effect of stress inducers H2O2 and tunicamycin (TM) was tested. Viral multiplication was decreased in the presence of both stress inducers suggesting that the stress and cellular stress responses restrict the virus replication. Second, we investigated the induction of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress upon TBEV infection. The level of oxidative stress was interrogated by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS were intermittently increased in infected cells at 12 hpi and at 72 hpi. As mitochondrial dysfunction may result in increased ROS level, we evaluated the mitochondrial homeostasis by measuring the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and found that TBEV infection induced the hyperpolarization of MMP. Moreover, a transient increase of gene expression of stress-induced antioxidative enzymes, like p62, Gclm and Hmox1, was detected. Next, we evaluated the ER stress upon TBEV infection by analysing unfolded protein responses (UPR). We found that infection induced gene expression of two general sensors BiP and CHOP and activated the IRE1 pathway of UPR. Finally, since the natural transmission route of TBEV from its tick vector to the host is mediated via tick saliva, the impact of tick saliva from Ixodes ricinus on stress pathways in TBEV-infected cells was tested. We observed only marginal potentiation of UPR pathway. In conclusion, we found that TBEV infection of PMJ2-R cells elicits the changes in redox balance and triggers cellular stress defences, including antioxidant responses and the IRE1 pathway of UPR. Importantly, our results revealed the negative effect of stress-evoked events on TBEV replication and only marginal impact of tick saliva on stress cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Beránková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ritesh Khanna
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Spěváková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Langhansová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Klementová Š, Poncarová M, Langhansová H, Lieskovská J, Kahoun D, Fojtíková P. Photodegradation of fluoroquinolones in aqueous solution under light conditions relevant to surface waters, toxicity assessment of photoproduct mixtures. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:13941-13962. [PMID: 34599454 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical degradation of fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin in aqueous solution under light conditions relevant to surface waters at neutral and alkaline pH was found to proceed readily with half-lives between 0.9 and 2.7 min. The products of photochemical degradation identified by HPLC-MS included defluorinated, hydroxylated, and decarboxylated structures as well as structures with opened cyclic structures. For all of the studied substances, the reaction pathways were influenced significantly by the pH of the reaction system, with more products formed at alkaline pH than at neutral pH: the ratios of products in neutral and alkaline pH were 16/26, 9/19, 15/23 for ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin, respectively. The structures of photoproducts and pathways of photochemical degradation are proposed. The antibacterial activities of photoproduct mixtures tested on E. coli and S. epidermidis were significantly higher in comparison to parental antibiotics in the case of both ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin with p-values less than 0.0001 in most cases. The effect of the photoproducts was shown to be dependent on the pH value of the original antibiotic solutions before photodegradation: for ciprofloxacin, antibacterial activity against E. coli was more notably pronounced with regard to neutral pH photoproducts, while a less significant, or in one case not significant, effect of pH was observed against S. epidermidis; for norfloxacin, antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. epidermidis was especially high with regard to alkaline pH photoproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Klementová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Poncarová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Langhansová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Kahoun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Fojtíková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Krejčová G, Danielová A, Nedbalová P, Kazek M, Strych L, Chawla G, Tennessen JM, Lieskovská J, Jindra M, Doležal T, Bajgar A. Drosophila macrophages switch to aerobic glycolysis to mount effective antibacterial defense. eLife 2019; 8:50414. [PMID: 31609200 PMCID: PMC6867711 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and cytokine production represent the front lines of resistance to bacterial invaders. A key feature of this pro-inflammatory response in mammals is the complex remodeling of cellular metabolism towards aerobic glycolysis. Although the function of bactericidal macrophages is highly conserved, the metabolic remodeling of insect macrophages remains poorly understood. Here, we used adults of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the metabolic changes that occur in macrophages during the acute and resolution phases of Streptococcus-induced sepsis. Our studies revealed that orthologs of Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are required for macrophage activation, their bactericidal function, and resistance to infection, thus documenting the conservation of this cellular response between insects and mammals. Further, we show that macrophages employing aerobic glycolysis induce changes in systemic metabolism that are necessary to meet the biosynthetic and energetic demands of their function and resistance to bacterial infection. Macrophages are the immune system's first line of defense against infection. These immune cells can be found in all tissues and organs, watching for signs of disease-causing agents and targeting them for destruction. Maintaining macrophages costs energy, so to minimize waste, these cells spend most of their lives in 'low power mode'. When macrophages sense harmful bacteria, they rapidly awaken and trigger a series of immune events that protect the body from infection. However, to perform these protective tasks macrophages need a sudden surge in energy. In mammals, activated macrophages get their energy from aerobic glycolysis – a series of chemical reactions normally reserved for low oxygen environments. Switching on this metabolic process requires a protein called hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1 α), which switches on the genes that macrophages need to generate energy as quickly as possible. Macrophages then maintain their energy supply by sending out chemical signals which divert glucose away from the rest of the body. Fruit flies are regularly used as a model system for studying human disease, as the mechanisms they use to defend themselves from infections are similar to human immune cells. However, it remains unclear whether their macrophages undergo the same metabolic changes during an infection. To address this question, Krejčová et al. isolated macrophages from fruit flies that had been infected with bacteria. Experiments studying the metabolism of these cells revealed that, just like human macrophages, they responded to bacteria by taking in more glucose and generating energy via aerobic glycolysis. The macrophages of these flies were also found to draw in energy from the rest of the body by raising blood sugar levels and depleting stores of glucose. Similar to human macrophages, these metabolic changes depended on HIF1α, and flies without this protein were unable to secure the level of energy needed to effectively fight off the bacteria. These findings suggest that this metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis is a conserved mechanism that both insects and mammals use to fight off infections. This means in the future fruit flies could be used as a model organism for studying diseases associated with macrophage mis-activation, such as chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Krejčová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Danielová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Nedbalová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michalina Kazek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Strych
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Geetanjali Chawla
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Jason M Tennessen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Department of Medical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Jindra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Doležal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bajgar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Selinger M, Tykalová H, Štěrba J, Věchtová P, Vavrušková Z, Lieskovská J, Kohl A, Schnettler E, Grubhoffer L. Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007745. [PMID: 31560682 PMCID: PMC6785130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with host protein synthesis. In order to determine whether TBEV interacts with this host process in its natural target cells, we analysed de novo protein synthesis in a human cell line derived from cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY HTB-186). We observed a significant decrease in the rate of host protein synthesis, including the housekeeping genes HPRT1 and GAPDH and the known interferon-stimulated gene viperin. In addition, TBEV infection resulted in a specific decrease of RNA polymerase I (POLR1) transcripts, 18S and 28S rRNAs and their precursor, 45-47S pre-rRNA, but had no effect on the POLR3 transcribed 5S rRNA levels. To our knowledge, this is the first report of flavivirus-induced decrease of specifically POLR1 rRNA transcripts accompanied by host translational shut-off. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a causative agent of a severe human neuroinfection that threatens Europe and Asia. Little is known about the interaction of this neurotropic virus with neural cells, even though this may be important to better understand why or how TBEV can cause high pathogenicity in humans, especially following neural cell infection. Here, we showed that TBEV induced host translational shut-off in cells of neural origin. In addition, TBEV interfered also with the expression of host ribosomal RNAs. Interestingly, the transcriptional shut-off was documented for rRNA species transcribed by RNA polymerase I (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and their precursor 45-47S pre-rRNA), but not for RNA polymerase III rRNA transcripts (5S rRNA). Artificial inhibition of host translation using cycloheximide resulted in the decrease of all rRNA species. Based on these data, TBEV seems to specifically target transcription of RNA polymerase I. These new findings further increase our understanding of TBEV interactions with a key target cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Selinger
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Tykalová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Štěrba
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Věchtová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vavrušková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alain Kohl
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Schnettler
- Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail: (ES); (LG)
| | - Libor Grubhoffer
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (ES); (LG)
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Lieskovská J, Páleníková J, Langhansová H, Chmelař J, Kopecký J. Saliva of Ixodes ricinus enhances TBE virus replication in dendritic cells by modulation of pro-survival Akt pathway. Virology 2018; 514:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kotál J, Langhansová H, Lieskovská J, Andersen JF, Francischetti IMB, Chavakis T, Kopecký J, Pedra JHF, Kotsyfakis M, Chmelař J. Modulation of host immunity by tick saliva. J Proteomics 2015; 128:58-68. [PMID: 26189360 PMCID: PMC4619117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Next generation sequencing and proteomics have helped to comprehensively characterize gene expression in tick salivary glands at both the transcriptome and the proteome level. Functional data are, however, lacking. Given that tick salivary secretions are critical to the success of the tick transmission lifecycle and, as a consequence, for host colonization by the pathogens they spread, we thoroughly review here the literature on the known interactions between tick saliva (or tick salivary gland extracts) and the innate and adaptive vertebrate immune system. The information is intended to serve as a reference for functional characterization of the numerous genes and proteins expressed in tick salivary glands with an ultimate goal to develop novel vector and pathogen control strategies. SIGNIFICANCE We overview all the known interactions of tick saliva with the vertebrate immune system. The provided information is important, given the recent developments in high-throughput transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of gene expression in tick salivary glands, since it may serve as a guideline for the functional characterization of the numerous newly-discovered genes expressed in tick salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kotál
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Budweis, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Budweis, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Langhansová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Budweis, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Budweis, Czech Republic
| | - John F Andersen
- Section of Vector Biology, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivo M B Francischetti
- Section of Vector Biology, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Budweis, Czech Republic
| | - Joao H F Pedra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michail Kotsyfakis
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Budweis, Czech Republic.
| | - Jindřich Chmelař
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Budweis, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Lieskovská J, Páleníková J, Langhansová H, Campos Chagas A, Calvo E, Kotsyfakis M, Kopecký J. Tick sialostatins L and L2 differentially influence dendritic cell responses to Borrelia spirochetes. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:275. [PMID: 25975355 PMCID: PMC4436792 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmission of pathogens by ticks is greatly supported by tick saliva released during feeding. Dendritic cells (DC) act as immunological sentinels and interconnect the innate and adaptive immune system. They control polarization of the immune response towards Th1 or Th2 phenotype. We investigated whether salivary cystatins from the hard tick Ixodes scapularis, sialostatin L (Sialo L) and sialostatin L2 (Sialo L2), influence mouse dendritic cells exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi and relevant Toll-like receptor ligands. Methods DCs derived from bone-marrow by GM-CSF or Flt-3 ligand, were activated with Borrelia spirochetes or TLR ligands in the presence of 3 μM Sialo L and 3 μM Sialo L2. Produced chemokines and IFN-β were measured by ELISA test. The activation of signalling pathways was tested by western blotting using specific antibodies. The maturation of DC was determined by measuring the surface expression of CD86 by flow cytometry. Results We determined the effect of cystatins on the production of chemokines in Borrelia-infected bone-marrow derived DC. The production of MIP-1α was severely suppressed by both cystatins, while IP-10 was selectively inhibited only by Sialo L2. As TLR-2 is a major receptor activated by Borrelia spirochetes, we tested whether cystatins influence signalling pathways activated by TLR-2 ligand, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Sialo L2 and weakly Sialo L attenuated the extracellular matrix-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) pathway. The activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was decreased only by Sialo L2. In response to Borrelia burgdorferi, the activation of Erk1/2 was impaired by Sialo L2. Production of IFN-β was analysed in plasmacytoid DC exposed to Borrelia, TLR-7, and TLR-9 ligands. Sialo L, in contrast to Sialo L2, decreased the production of IFN-β in pDC and also impaired the maturation of these cells. Conclusions This study shows that DC responses to Borrelia spirochetes are affected by tick cystatins. Sialo L influences the maturation of DC thus having impact on adaptive immune response. Sialo L2 affects the production of chemokines potentially engaged in the development of inflammatory response. The impact of cystatins on Borrelia growth in vivo is discussed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0887-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Páleníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Langhansová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrezza Campos Chagas
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
| | - Eric Calvo
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
| | - Michalis Kotsyfakis
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Lieskovská J, Páleníková J, Širmarová J, Elsterová J, Kotsyfakis M, Campos Chagas A, Calvo E, Růžek D, Kopecký J. Tick salivary cystatin sialostatin L2 suppresses IFN responses in mouse dendritic cells. Parasite Immunol 2015; 37:70-8. [PMID: 25408129 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN), mainly produced by dendritic cells (DCs), is critical in the host defence against tick-transmitted pathogens. Here, we report that salivary cysteine protease inhibitor from the hard tick Ixodes scapularis, sialostatin L2, affects IFN-β mediated immune reactions in mouse dendritic cells. Following IFN receptor ligation, the Janus activated kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is activated. We show that sialostatin L2 attenuates phosphorylation of STATs in spleen dendritic cells upon addition of recombinant IFN-β. LPS-stimulated dendritic cells release IFN-β which in turn leads to the induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) through JAK/STAT pathway activation. The induction of two ISG, interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7) and IP-10, was suppressed by sialostatin L2 in LPS-stimulated dendritic cells. Finally, the interference of sialostatin L2 with IFN action led to the enhanced replication of tick-borne encephalitis virus in DC. In summary, we present here that tick salivary cystatin negatively affects IFN-β responses which may consequently increase the pathogen load after transmission via tick saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lieskovská
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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10
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Janotová T, Jalovecká M, Auerová M, Švecová I, Bruzlová P, Maierová V, Kumžáková Z, Čunátová Š, Vlčková Z, Caisová V, Rozsypalová P, Lukáčová K, Vácová N, Wachtlová M, Salát J, Lieskovská J, Kopecký J, Ženka J. The use of anchored agonists of phagocytic receptors for cancer immunotherapy: B16-F10 murine melanoma model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85222. [PMID: 24454822 PMCID: PMC3890306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of the phagocytic receptor agonists in cancer immunotherapy was studied. Agonists (laminarin, molecules with terminal mannose, N-Formyl-methioninyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) were firmly anchored to the tumor cell surface. When particular agonists of phagocytic receptors were used together with LPS (Toll-like receptor agonist), high synergy causing tumour shrinkage and a temporary or permanent disappearance was observed. Methods of anchoring phagocytic receptor agonists (charge interactions, anchoring based on hydrophobic chains, covalent bonds) and various regimes of phagocytic agonist/LPS mixture applications were tested to achieve maximum therapeutic effect. Combinations of mannan/LPS and f-MLF/LPS (hydrophobic anchors) in appropriate (pulse) regimes resulted in an 80% and 60% recovery for mice, respectively. We propose that substantial synergy between agonists of phagocytic and Toll-like receptors (TLR) is based on two events. The TLR ligand induces early and massive inflammatory infiltration of tumors. The effect of this cell infiltrate is directed towards tumor cells, bearing agonists of phagocytic receptors on their surface. The result of these processes was effective killing of tumor cells. This novel approach represents exploitation of innate immunity mechanisms for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Janotová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Jalovecká
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Auerová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Švecová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Bruzlová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Maierová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kumžáková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpánka Čunátová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vlčková
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Caisová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Rozsypalová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Lukáčová
- Department of Pathology, Regional Hospital, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Nikol Vácová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Wachtlová
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Salát
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Lieskovská
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Ženka
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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Lieskovská J, Opavský R, Záciková L, Glasová M, Pastorek J, Pastoreková S. Study of in vitro conditions modulating expression of MN/CA IX protein in human cell lines derived from cervical carcinoma. Neoplasma 1999; 46:17-24. [PMID: 10355529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to better understand the biological significance of MN/CA IX human tumor-associated protein, we have investigated its expression in human cervical carcinoma cell lines in vitro. SiHa cells that naturally express MN/CA IX were used as a model for expression study at the protein level. In addition, we have transfected MN/CA9 gene-negative but transcription-competent C33A cells with a plasmid carrying CAT reporter gene under a control of MN/CA9 promoter. By this way, we have generated a stable cell line C33A/MNP-CAT that was employed in analysis of MN/CA9 regulation at the level of promoter activity as estimated by CAT protein abundance. For the purpose of our study, we have chosen experimental conditions relevant to growth characteristics and phenotypic features of malignantly transformed cells. Both the level of MN/CA IX protein and the gene promoter activity were found to be substantially elevated either in culture of high density or when the adherent carcinoma cells grew in suspension, but were not markedly affected by diminished serum concentration and in the cell cycle progression. These observations support the involvement of MN/CA IX protein in aberrant cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that facilitate loss of contact inhibition and anchorage independence of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lieskovská
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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12
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Lieskovská J, Kaluzova M, Opavsky R, Kaluz S, Pastorek J, Kettmann R, Pastoreková S. Up-regulation of p53 by antisense expression of HPV18 E6 oncogene does not influence the level of MN/CA IX tumor-associated protein in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 1998; 13:1081-6. [PMID: 9772303 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.13.5.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic potential of human papillomaviruses is related to capacity of HPV-encoded oncoproteins to bind and inactivate tumor suppressor proteins. Interaction of p53 with HPV E6 results in aberrant regulation of various cellular genes. We evaluated the possible involvement of MN/CA9 gene, whose expression is closely associated with cervical carcinomas, in regulatory pathways driven by p53 and E6. We demonstrated that one of the two p53 consensus sequences present in MN/CA9 promoter participates in DNA-protein interaction but it does not bind p53. Tetracycline-inducible antisense expression of HPV18 E6 in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells resulted in increased level of p53 but did not affect expression of MN/CA IX protein. Therefore we conclude that at least in HeLa cells there is no direct relationship between expression of MN/CA IX and expression of E6 or p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lieskovská
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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