1
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Lassé M, El Saghir J, Berthier CC, Eddy S, Fischer M, Laufer SD, Kylies D, Hutzfeldt A, Bonin LL, Dumoulin B, Menon R, Vega-Warner V, Eichinger F, Alakwaa F, Fermin D, Billing AM, Minakawa A, McCown PJ, Rose MP, Godfrey B, Meister E, Wiech T, Noriega M, Chrysopoulou M, Brandts P, Ju W, Reinhard L, Hoxha E, Grahammer F, Lindenmeyer MT, Huber TB, Schlüter H, Thiel S, Mariani LH, Puelles VG, Braun F, Kretzler M, Demir F, Harder JL, Rinschen MM. An integrated organoid omics map extends modeling potential of kidney disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4903. [PMID: 37580326 PMCID: PMC10425428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney organoids are a promising model to study kidney disease, but their use is constrained by limited knowledge of their functional protein expression profile. Here, we define the organoid proteome and transcriptome trajectories over culture duration and upon exposure to TNFα, a cytokine stressor. Older organoids increase deposition of extracellular matrix but decrease expression of glomerular proteins. Single cell transcriptome integration reveals that most proteome changes localize to podocytes, tubular and stromal cells. TNFα treatment of organoids results in 322 differentially expressed proteins, including cytokines and complement components. Transcript expression of these 322 proteins is significantly higher in individuals with poorer clinical outcomes in proteinuric kidney disease. Key TNFα-associated protein (C3 and VCAM1) expression is increased in both human tubular and organoid kidney cell populations, highlighting the potential for organoids to advance biomarker development. By integrating kidney organoid omic layers, incorporating a disease-relevant cytokine stressor and comparing with human data, we provide crucial evidence for the functional relevance of the kidney organoid model to human kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lassé
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jamal El Saghir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Celine C Berthier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Sean Eddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Matthew Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Sandra D Laufer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kylies
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arvid Hutzfeldt
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Dumoulin
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Virginia Vega-Warner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Felix Eichinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Fadhl Alakwaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Anja M Billing
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Akihiro Minakawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Phillip J McCown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Michael P Rose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Bradley Godfrey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Elisabeth Meister
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Noriega
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Paul Brandts
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wenjun Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Linda Reinhard
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elion Hoxha
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laura H Mariani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Victor G Puelles
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatih Demir
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus, Denmark.
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2
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Mariani LH, Eddy S, AlAkwaa FM, McCown PJ, Harder JL, Nair V, Eichinger F, Martini S, Ademola AD, Boima V, Reich HN, El Saghir J, Godfrey B, Ju W, Tanner EC, Vega-Warner V, Wys NL, Adler SG, Appel GB, Athavale A, Atkinson MA, Bagnasco SM, Barisoni L, Brown E, Cattran DC, Coppock GM, Dell KM, Derebail VK, Fervenza FC, Fornoni A, Gadegbeku CA, Gibson KL, Greenbaum LA, Hingorani SR, Hladunewich MA, Hodgin JB, Hogan MC, Holzman LB, Jefferson JA, Kaskel FJ, Kopp JB, Lafayette RA, Lemley KV, Lieske JC, Lin JJ, Menon R, Meyers KE, Nachman PH, Nast CC, O'Shaughnessy MM, Otto EA, Reidy KJ, Sambandam KK, Sedor JR, Sethna CB, Singer P, Srivastava T, Tran CL, Tuttle KR, Vento SM, Wang CS, Ojo AO, Adu D, Gipson DS, Trachtman H, Kretzler M. Precision nephrology identified tumor necrosis factor activation variability in minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 2023; 103:565-579. [PMID: 36442540 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome relies on clinical presentation and descriptive patterns of injury on kidney biopsies, but not specific to underlying pathobiology. Consequently, there are variable rates of progression and response to therapy within diagnoses. Here, an unbiased transcriptomic-driven approach was used to identify molecular pathways which are shared by subgroups of patients with either minimal change disease (MCD) or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Kidney tissue transcriptomic profile-based clustering identified three patient subgroups with shared molecular signatures across independent, North American, European, and African cohorts. One subgroup had significantly greater disease progression (Hazard Ratio 5.2) which persisted after adjusting for diagnosis and clinical measures (Hazard Ratio 3.8). Inclusion in this subgroup was retained even when clustering was limited to those with less than 25% interstitial fibrosis. The molecular profile of this subgroup was largely consistent with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway activation. Two TNF pathway urine markers were identified, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), that could be used to predict an individual's TNF pathway activation score. Kidney organoids and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing of participant kidney biopsies, validated TNF-dependent increases in pathway activation score, transcript and protein levels of TIMP-1 and MCP-1, in resident kidney cells. Thus, molecular profiling identified a subgroup of patients with either MCD or FSGS who shared kidney TNF pathway activation and poor outcomes. A clinical trial testing targeted therapies in patients selected using urinary markers of TNF pathway activation is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H Mariani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Sean Eddy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fadhl M AlAkwaa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Phillip J McCown
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Viji Nair
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felix Eichinger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sebastian Martini
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adebowale D Ademola
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Vincent Boima
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Heather N Reich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamal El Saghir
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bradley Godfrey
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wenjun Ju
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily C Tanner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Virginia Vega-Warner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Noel L Wys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Gerald B Appel
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ambarish Athavale
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of San Diego, California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Meredith A Atkinson
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Serena M Bagnasco
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura Barisoni
- Department of Pathology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Brown
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel C Cattran
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gaia M Coppock
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine M Dell
- Center for Pediatric Nephrology, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vimal K Derebail
- University of North Carolina Kidney Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fernando C Fervenza
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Crystal A Gadegbeku
- Department of Kidney Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Keisha L Gibson
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laurence A Greenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sangeeta R Hingorani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle A Hladunewich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey B Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marie C Hogan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lawrence B Holzman
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Ashley Jefferson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frederick J Kaskel
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard A Lafayette
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kevin V Lemley
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John C Lieske
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jen-Jar Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rajarasee Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kevin E Meyers
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrick H Nachman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cynthia C Nast
- Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Edgar A Otto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kimberly J Reidy
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kamalanathan K Sambandam
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - John R Sedor
- Lerner Research Institutes, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Physiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christine B Sethna
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
| | - Pamela Singer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
| | - Tarak Srivastava
- Section of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Cheryl L Tran
- Pediatric Nephrology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Katherine R Tuttle
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Health Care, University of Washington, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Suzanne M Vento
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chia-Shi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Akinlolu O Ojo
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dwomoa Adu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Debbie S Gipson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Howard Trachtman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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3
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Stefansson VTN, Nair V, Melsom T, Looker HC, Mariani LH, Fermin D, Eichinger F, Menon R, Subramanian L, Ladd P, Harned R, Harder JL, Hodgin JB, Bjornstad P, Nelson PJ, Eriksen BO, Nelson RG, Kretzler M. Molecular programs associated with glomerular hyperfiltration in early diabetic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1345-1358. [PMID: 36055599 PMCID: PMC10161735 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperfiltration is a state of high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) observed in early diabetes that damages glomeruli, resulting in an iterative process of increasing filtration load on fewer and fewer remaining functional glomeruli. To delineate underlying cellular mechanisms of damage associated with hyperfiltration, transcriptional profiles of kidney biopsies from Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes with or without early-stage diabetic kidney disease were grouped into two hyperfiltration categories based on annual iothalamate GFR measurements. Twenty-six participants with a peak GFR measurement within two years of biopsy were categorized as the hyperfiltration group, and 26 in whom biopsy preceded peak GFR by over two years were considered pre-hyperfiltration. The hyperfiltration group had higher hemoglobin A1c, higher urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, increased glomerular basement membrane width and lower podocyte density compared to the pre-hyperfiltration group. A glomerular 1240-gene transcriptional signature identified in the hyperfiltration group was enriched for endothelial stress response signaling genes, including endothelin-1, tec-kinase and transforming growth factor-β1 pathways, with the majority of the transcripts mapped to endothelial and inflammatory cell clusters in kidney single cell transcriptional data. Thus, our analysis reveals molecular pathomechanisms associated with hyperfiltration in early diabetic kidney disease involving putative ligand-receptor pairs with downstream intracellular targets linked to cellular crosstalk between endothelial and mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidar T N Stefansson
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Viji Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Nephrology Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Toralf Melsom
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Laura H Mariani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felix Eichinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lalita Subramanian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Patricia Ladd
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Roger Harned
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Petter Bjornstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Nephrology Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bjørn O Eriksen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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4
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Rinschen MM, Harder JL, Carter-Timofte ME, Zanon Rodriguez L, Mirabelli C, Demir F, Kurmasheva N, Ramakrishnan SK, Kunke M, Tan Y, Billing A, Dahlke E, Larionov AA, Bechtel-Walz W, Aukschun U, Grabbe M, Nielsen R, Christensen EI, Kretzler M, Huber TB, Wobus CE, Olagnier D, Siuzdak G, Grahammer F, Theilig F. VPS34-dependent control of apical membrane function of proximal tubule cells and nutrient recovery by the kidney. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabo7940. [PMID: 36445937 PMCID: PMC10350314 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo7940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The lipid kinase VPS34 orchestrates autophagy, endocytosis, and metabolism and is implicated in cancer and metabolic disease. The proximal tubule in the kidney is a key metabolic organ that controls reabsorption of nutrients such as fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, and proteins. Here, by combining metabolomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analyses with functional and superresolution imaging assays of mice with an inducible deficiency in proximal tubular cells, we revealed that VPS34 controlled the metabolome of the proximal tubule. In addition to inhibiting pinocytosis and autophagy, VPS34 depletion induced membrane exocytosis and reduced the abundance of the retromer complex necessary for proper membrane recycling and lipid retention, leading to a loss of fuel and biomass. Integration of omics data into a kidney cell metabolomic model demonstrated that VPS34 deficiency increased β-oxidation, reduced gluconeogenesis, and enhanced the use of glutamine for energy consumption. Furthermore, the omics datasets revealed that VPS34 depletion triggered an antiviral response that included a decrease in the abundance of apically localized virus receptors such as ACE2. VPS34 inhibition abrogated SARS-CoV-2 infection in human kidney organoids and cultured proximal tubule cells in a glutamine-dependent manner. Thus, our results demonstrate that VPS34 adjusts endocytosis, nutrient transport, autophagy, and antiviral responses in proximal tubule cells in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M Rinschen
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Aarhus Institute for Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | - Carmen Mirabelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fatih Demir
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Madlen Kunke
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yifan Tan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Billing
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eileen Dahlke
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexey A Larionov
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Wibke Bechtel-Walz
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Aukschun
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlen Grabbe
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rikke Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane E Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Theilig
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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5
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Lassé M, Bonin LL, El Saghir J, Eddy SF, Hutzfeldt A, Hoxha E, Dumoulin B, Lindenmeyer M, Schlüter H, Beck BB, Brandts P, Kretzler M, Demir F, Harder JL, Rinschen M. MO059: Trajectory Analysis of the Kidney Organoid Proteome Extends its Modelling Potential of Disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac063.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Kidney organoids are a valuable and innovative model to understand genetic diseases, kidney development and transcriptomic dynamics. However, their proteome has not been analyzed so far. It is unclear how their proteome changes during differentiation, and if more complex disease processes such as inflammatory tissue responses could be modelled with this approach.
METHOD
Here, we used proteomics to compare organoids with existing model systems such as native glomeruli and cultured cells. We characterize the trajectory of organoid differentiation and delineate innate immune responses in organoids to expand its scope as a model system in nephrology. We also compared our proteomics with bulk and single cell transcriptomic data.
RESULTS
Genes involved in podocytopathies and cystic kidney diseases were abundantly expressed on protein level, distinguishing organoids from almost every available cell culture model. On their pathway to terminal differentiation, organoids developed increased deposition of extracellular matrix. Single cell transcriptomic analysis suggests that most changes locate to podocytes and early podocyte progenitors. This matrix deposition is different from commonly used animal models of glomerular disease. A novel signaling system discovered was the TNFα system, a system also available in podocytes. Incubation of organoids with high concentrations of TNFα led to an activation of NF-kB signaling, and secretion of cytokines and complement components, alongside with extracellular matrix components.
CONCLUSION
Interestingly, this signaling system directly links inflammatory signaling, production of cytokines and complement, and production of extracellular matrix. Thus, we provide a repository of human kidney organoid proteins that revealed the potential to model pathophysiological pathways beyond genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lassé
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Léna L Bonin
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Biomedicine, Denmark
| | - Jamal El Saghir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean F Eddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arvid Hutzfeldt
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elion Hoxha
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Dumoulin
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja Lindenmeyer
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Germany
| | - Bodo B Beck
- University Hospital Cologne, Human Genetics, Germany
| | - Paul Brandts
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Nephrologie/Rheumatologie/Endokrinologie), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatih Demir
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Biomedicine, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Markus Rinschen
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Biomedicine, Denmark
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6
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Helms L, Marchiano S, Stanaway IB, Hsiang TY, Juliar BA, Saini S, Zhao YT, Khanna A, Menon R, Alakwaa F, Mikacenic C, Morrell ED, Wurfel MM, Kretzler M, Harder JL, Murry CE, Himmelfarb J, Ruohola-Baker H, Bhatraju PK, Gale M, Freedman BS. Cross-validation of SARS-CoV-2 responses in kidney organoids and clinical populations. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e154882. [PMID: 34767537 PMCID: PMC8783682 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys are critical target organs of COVID-19, but susceptibility and responses to infection remain poorly understood. Here, we combine SARS-CoV-2 variants with genome-edited kidney organoids and clinical data to investigate tropism, mechanism, and therapeutics. SARS-CoV-2 specifically infects organoid proximal tubules among diverse cell types. Infections produce replicating virus, apoptosis, and disrupted cell morphology, features of which are revealed in the context of polycystic kidney disease. Cross-validation of gene expression patterns in organoids reflects proteomic signatures of COVID-19 in the urine of critically ill patients indicating interferon pathway upregulation. SARS-CoV-2 viral variants alpha, beta, gamma, kappa, and delta exhibit comparable levels of infection in organoids. Infection is ameliorated in ACE2-/- organoids and blocked via treatment with de novo-designed spike binder peptides. Collectively, these studies clarify the impact of kidney infection in COVID-19 as reflected in organoids and clinical populations, enabling assessment of viral fitness and emerging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Helms
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Nephrology
- Kidney Research Institute
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Silvia Marchiano
- Department of Medicine
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Division of Cardiology
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology
| | - Ian B. Stanaway
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Nephrology
- Kidney Research Institute
| | - Tien-Ying Hsiang
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology
| | - Benjamin A. Juliar
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Nephrology
- Kidney Research Institute
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Shally Saini
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry; and
| | - Yan Ting Zhao
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry; and
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Akshita Khanna
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fadhl Alakwaa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carmen Mikacenic
- Department of Medicine
- Translational Research, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eric D. Morrell
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark M. Wurfel
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Charles E. Murry
- Department of Medicine
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Division of Cardiology
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology
- Sana Biotechnology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry; and
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pavan K. Bhatraju
- Department of Medicine
- Kidney Research Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology
| | - Benjamin S. Freedman
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Nephrology
- Kidney Research Institute
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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7
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Pan WW, Gardner TW, Harder JL. Integrative Biology of Diabetic Retinal Disease: Lessons from Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1254. [PMID: 33803590 PMCID: PMC8003049 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinal disease (DRD) remains the most common cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Progress on the development of new therapies for DRD has been limited by the complexity of the human eye, which constrains the utility of traditional research techniques, including animal and tissue culture models-a problem shared by those in the field of kidney disease research. By contrast, significant progress in the study of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has resulted from the successful employment of systems biology approaches. Systems biology is widely used to comprehensively understand complex human diseases through the unbiased integration of genetic, environmental, and phenotypic aspects of the disease with the functional and structural manifestations of the disease. The application of a systems biology approach to DRD may help to clarify the molecular basis of the disease and its progression. Acquiring this type of information might enable the development of personalized treatment approaches, with the goal of discovering new therapies targeted to an individual's specific DRD pathophysiology and phenotype. Furthermore, recent efforts have revealed shared and distinct pathways and molecular targets of DRD and DKD, highlighting the complex pathophysiology of these diseases and raising the possibility of therapeutics beneficial to both organs. The objective of this review is to survey the current understanding of DRD pathophysiology and to demonstrate the investigative approaches currently applied to DKD that could promote a more thorough understanding of the structure, function, and progression of DRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren W. Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (W.W.P.); (T.W.G.)
| | - Thomas W. Gardner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (W.W.P.); (T.W.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine (Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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8
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Looker HC, Mauer M, Saulnier PJ, Harder JL, Nair V, Boustany-Kari CM, Guarnieri P, Hill J, Esplin CA, Kretzler M, Nelson RG, Najafian B. Changes in Albuminuria But Not GFR are Associated with Early Changes in Kidney Structure in Type 2 Diabetes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 30:1049-1059. [PMID: 31152118 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In type 1 diabetes, changes in the GFR and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) are related to changes in kidney structure that reflect disease progression. However, such changes have not been studied in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants were American Indians with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a clinical trial of losartan versus placebo. We followed a subset who underwent kidney biopsy at the end of the 6-year trial, with annual measurements of GFR (by urinary clearance of iothalamate) and ACR. Participants had a second kidney biopsy after a mean follow-up of 9.3 years. We used quantitative morphometric analyses to evaluate both biopsy specimens. RESULTS Baseline measures for 48 participants (12 men and 36 women, mean age 45.6 years) who completed the study included diabetes duration (14.6 years), GFR (156 ml/min), and ACR (15 mg/g). During follow-up, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width, mesangial fractional volume, and ACR increased, and surface density of peripheral GBM and GFR decreased. After adjustment for sex, age, ACR, and each morphometric variable at baseline, an increase in ACR during follow-up was significantly associated with increases in GBM width, mesangial fractional volume, and mean glomerular volume, and a decrease in surface density of peripheral GBM. Decline in GFR was not associated with changes in these morphometric variables after additionally adjusting for baseline GFR. CONCLUSIONS In American Indians with type 2 diabetes and preserved GFR at baseline, increasing ACR reflects the progression of earlier structural glomerular lesions, whereas early GFR decline may not accurately reflect such lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona;
| | - Michael Mauer
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Pierre-Jean Saulnier
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Poitiers, Clinical Investigation Center, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Viji Nair
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carine M Boustany-Kari
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Paolo Guarnieri
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Jon Hill
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Cordell A Esplin
- Department of Radiology, St Luke's Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona; and
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Behzad Najafian
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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9
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Melsom T, Nair V, Schei J, Mariani L, Stefansson VTN, Harder JL, Jenssen TG, Solbu MD, Norvik JV, Looker H, Knowler WC, Kretzler M, Nelson RG, Eriksen BO. Correlation Between Baseline GFR and Subsequent Change in GFR in Norwegian Adults Without Diabetes and in Pima Indians. Am J Kidney Dis 2019; 73:777-785. [PMID: 30704883 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE An elevated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or renal hyperfiltration, may predispose individuals to subsequent rapid GFR decline in diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Although this hypothesis is supported by results of experimental studies, the importance of hyperfiltration at the population level remains controversial. We investigated whether higher baseline GFR predicts a steeper decline in GFR. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 1,594 middle-aged Norwegians without diabetes (the Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey [RENIS]) and 319 Pima Indians (83% with type 2 diabetes). PREDICTOR Baseline measured GFR using exogenous clearance methods. OUTCOMES Change in measured GFR over time. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Linear mixed regression models fit to assess the correlation between the random intercept (reflecting baseline GFR) and random slope (change in GFR over time). RESULTS Mean baseline GFRs were 104.0 ± 20.1 (SD) and 149.4 ± 43.3 mL/min, and median follow-up durations were 5.6 (IQR, 5.2-6.0) and 9.1 (IQR, 4.0-15.0) years in the RENIS and Pima cohorts, respectively. Correlation between baseline GFR (random intercept) and slope of GFR decline was -0.31 (95% CI, -0.40 to -0.23) in the RENIS cohort and -0.41 (95% CI, -0.55 to -0.26) in the Pima cohort, adjusted for age, sex, height, and weight, suggesting that higher baseline GFRs were associated with steeper GFR decline rates. LIMITATIONS Different methods for measuring GFR in the 2 cohorts. Renal hyperfiltration may not reflect higher single-nephron GFR. GFR decline is assumed to be linear, which may not match the actual pattern; observed correlations may arise from natural variation. CONCLUSIONS Higher baseline GFR is associated with faster decline in GFR over time. If this relationship were causal, elevated GFR would represent a potentially modifiable risk factor for medium- to long-term GFR decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toralf Melsom
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Viji Nair
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jørgen Schei
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laura Mariani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Vidar T N Stefansson
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Trond G Jenssen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit D Solbu
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jon Viljar Norvik
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helen Looker
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Robert G Nelson
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Bjørn O Eriksen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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10
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Harder JL, Menon R, Otto EA, Zhou J, Eddy S, Wys NL, O'Connor C, Luo J, Nair V, Cebrian C, Spence JR, Bitzer M, Troyanskaya OG, Hodgin JB, Wiggins RC, Freedman BS, Kretzler M. Organoid single cell profiling identifies a transcriptional signature of glomerular disease. JCI Insight 2019; 4:122697. [PMID: 30626756 PMCID: PMC6485369 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is central to many forms of kidney disease, but transcriptional signatures reflecting podocyte injury and compensation mechanisms are challenging to analyze in vivo. Human kidney organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), a potentially new model for disease and regeneration, present an opportunity to explore the transcriptional plasticity of podocytes. Here, transcriptional profiling of more than 12,000 single cells from human PSC-derived kidney organoid cultures was used to identify robust and reproducible cell lineage gene expression signatures shared with developing human kidneys based on trajectory analysis. Surprisingly, the gene expression signature characteristic of developing glomerular epithelial cells was also observed in glomerular tissue from a kidney disease cohort. This signature correlated with proteinuria and inverse eGFR, and it was confirmed in an independent podocytopathy cohort. Three genes in particular were further characterized as potentially novel components of the glomerular disease signature. We conclude that cells in human PSC-derived kidney organoids reliably recapitulate the developmental transcriptional program of podocytes and other cell lineages in the human kidney and that transcriptional profiles seen in developing podocytes are reactivated in glomerular disease. Our findings demonstrate an approach to identifying potentially novel molecular programs involved in the pathogenesis of glomerulopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Edgar A Otto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Jian Zhou
- Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sean Eddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Noel L Wys
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | | | | | - Viji Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Cristina Cebrian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Markus Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Olga G Troyanskaya
- Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and.,Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Roger C Wiggins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology.,Kidney Research Institute.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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11
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Harder JL. Health Inequalities in the Global South – barriers in access to healthcare for poor persons with disabilities in Cambodia. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JL Harder
- Universität Siegen, Siegen, Deutschland
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12
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Czerniecki SM, Cruz NM, Harder JL, Menon R, Annis J, Otto EA, Gulieva RE, Islas LV, Kim YK, Tran LM, Martins TJ, Pippin JW, Fu H, Kretzler M, Shankland SJ, Himmelfarb J, Moon RT, Paragas N, Freedman BS. High-Throughput Screening Enhances Kidney Organoid Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Enables Automated Multidimensional Phenotyping. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 22:929-940.e4. [PMID: 29779890 PMCID: PMC5984728 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells are a potentially powerful tool for high-throughput screening (HTS), but the complexity of organoid cultures poses a significant challenge for miniaturization and automation. Here, we present a fully automated, HTS-compatible platform for enhanced differentiation and phenotyping of human kidney organoids. The entire 21-day protocol, from plating to differentiation to analysis, can be performed automatically by liquid-handling robots, or alternatively by manual pipetting. High-content imaging analysis reveals both dose-dependent and threshold effects during organoid differentiation. Immunofluorescence and single-cell RNA sequencing identify previously undetected parietal, interstitial, and partially differentiated compartments within organoids and define conditions that greatly expand the vascular endothelium. Chemical modulation of toxicity and disease phenotypes can be quantified for safety and efficacy prediction. Screening in gene-edited organoids in this system reveals an unexpected role for myosin in polycystic kidney disease. Organoids in HTS formats thus establish an attractive platform for multidimensional phenotypic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M Czerniecki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nelly M Cruz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James Annis
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Edgar A Otto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ramila E Gulieva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Laura V Islas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yong Kyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Linh M Tran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Timothy J Martins
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pippin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hongxia Fu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stuart J Shankland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Randall T Moon
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Neal Paragas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Quellos High Throughput Screening Core, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Stoops EH, Hull M, Olesen C, Mistry K, Harder JL, Rivera-Molina F, Toomre D, Caplan MJ. The periciliary ring in polarized epithelial cells is a hot spot for delivery of the apical protein gp135. J Cell Biol 2016; 211:287-94. [PMID: 26504168 PMCID: PMC4621837 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201502045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The apical glycoprotein gp135 is delivered to a ring at the base of the primary cilium and subsequently moves in a radial fashion away from the cilium in a microtubule-dependent manner. In polarized epithelial cells, newly synthesized cell surface proteins travel in carrier vesicles from the trans Golgi network to the apical or basolateral plasma membrane. Despite extensive research on polarized trafficking, the sites of protein delivery are not fully characterized. Here we use the SNAP tag system to examine the site of delivery of the apical glycoprotein gp135. We show that a cohort of gp135 is delivered to a ring surrounding the base of the primary cilium, followed by microtubule-dependent radial movement away from the cilium. Delivery to the periciliary ring was specific to newly synthesized and not recycling protein. A subset of this newly delivered protein traverses the basolateral membrane en route to the apical membrane. Crumbs3a, another apical protein, was not delivered to the periciliary region, instead making its initial apical appearance in a pattern that resembled its steady-state distribution. Our results demonstrate a surprising “hot spot” for gp135 protein delivery at the base of the primary cilium and suggest the existence of a novel microtubule-based directed movement of a subset of apical surface proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Stoops
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Michael Hull
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Christina Olesen
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Kavita Mistry
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Felix Rivera-Molina
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Derek Toomre
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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14
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Stoops EH, Hull M, Olesen C, Mistry K, Harder JL, Rivera-Molina F, Toomre D, Caplan MJ. The periciliary ring in polarized epithelial cells is a hot spot for delivery of the apical protein gp135. J Gen Physiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1085/jgp.1466oia69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The leading cause of ESRD in the U.S. is diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Despite significant efforts to improve outcomes in DKD, the impact on disease progression has been disappointing. This has prompted clinicians and researchers to search for alternative approaches to identify persons at risk, and to search for more effective therapies to halt progression of DKD. Identification of novel therapies is critically dependent on a more comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of DKD, specifically at the molecular level. A more expansive and exploratory view of DKD is needed to complement more traditional research approaches that have focused on single molecules. SUMMARY In recent years, sophisticated research methodologies have emerged within systems biology that should allow for a more comprehensive disease definition of DKD. Systems biology provides an inter-disciplinary approach to describe complex interactions within biological systems including how these interactions influence systems' functions and behaviors. Computational modeling of large, system-wide, quantitative data sets is used to generate molecular interaction pathways, such as metabolic and cell signaling networks. KEY MESSAGES Importantly, interpretation of data generated by systems biology tools requires integration with enhanced clinical research data and validation using model systems. Such an integrative biological approach has already generated novel insights into pathways and molecules involved in DKD. In this review, we highlight recent examples of how combining systems biology with traditional clinical and model research efforts results in an integrative biology approach that has significantly added to the understanding of the complex pathophysiology of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey B Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan ; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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16
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Harder JL, Whiteman EL, Pieczynski JN, Liu CJ, Margolis B. Snail destabilizes cell surface Crumbs3a. Traffic 2012; 13:1170-85. [PMID: 22554228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2012.01376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), cells modulate expression of proteins resulting in loss of apical-basal polarity. Effectors of this EMT switch target the polarity protein Crumbs3a, a small transmembrane protein that is essential for generation of the apical membrane and tight junctions of mammalian epithelial cells. We previously showed that the Crumbs3 gene is a direct target of transcriptional regulation by Snail, a potent inducer of EMT. However, Snail has also been shown to have multiple non-transcriptional roles, including regulation of cell adhesion, proliferation and survival. Using SNAP-tag labeling, we determined that cell surface Crumbs3a has a half-life of approximately 3 h and that this cell surface half-life is significantly reduced when EMT is induced by Snail. We further observe that Snail induces differential glycosylation of Crumbs3a, including sialylation, suggesting a mechanism by which Crumbs3a may be destabilized. These results indicate that Crumbs3a is a post-translational target of Snail, in addition to being a transcriptional target. We conclude that Snail's ability to post-translationally modify and destabilize Crumbs3a augments the depolarizing process of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Harder JL, Heung M, Vilay AM, Mueller BA, Segal JH. Carbamazepine and the active epoxide metabolite are effectively cleared by hemodialysis followed by continuous venovenous hemodialysis in an acute overdose. Hemodial Int 2011; 15:412-5. [PMID: 21676154 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2011.00563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemodialysis (HD) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) have an unproven role in the management of carbamazepine overdose. Albumin-enhanced CVVHD may accelerate carbamazepine (CBZ) clearance, but no pharmacokinetic data has been reported for traditional CVVHD without albumin enhancement. In addition, it is unclear whether the active CBZ-epoxide metabolite is removed with either mode of dialysis. We present a case of CBZ intoxication successfully managed with sequential HD and CVVHD. The CBZ half-life during CVVHD was 14.7 hours, compared with the patient's endogenous half-life of 30.8 hours. The CBZ-epoxide half-life was 3.2 hours during HD. We conclude that HD and CVVHD provide effective clearance of CBZ and the epoxide metabolite and should be considered in the management of an acute toxic ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0725, USA
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harder
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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19
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Chen LL, Frankel AD, Harder JL, Fawell S, Barsoum J, Pepinsky B. Increased cellular uptake of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat protein after modification with biotin. Anal Biochem 1995; 227:168-75. [PMID: 7668378 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1995.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat protein can efficiently enter cells when added exogenously in tissue culture. Using the transactivation activity of Tat as a measure of intracellular delivery, we found that the addition of hydrophobic groups to Tat potentiated its uptake. Biotin was the most promising of the reagents tested and we characterized this effect in more detail. When coupled through a cysteine thiol, the addition of a single biotin to Tat increased activity by about six-fold. Increased activity was only seen with reducible biotin analogs, as modification with noncleavable analogs is known to block Tat transactivation activity. Biotin had no effect on Tat uptake when mixed with Tat without cross-linking. Recently, Tat was used as a carrier to direct the uptake of heterologous proteins into cells. We have used RNase as a model system for studying Tat-mediated uptake and found that biotin also increased the delivery of a Tat37-58-RNase conjugate. The increased uptake of Tat and Tat conjugates by addition of hydrophobic groups may significantly enhance the usefulness of Tat as a delivery vehicle, and the approach may be applicable to other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Chen
- Biogen Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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