1
|
Döring N, Krämer N, Brand M, Krüger THC, van Oosten JMF, Vowe G. Editorial: Sexual Interaction in Digital Contexts: Opportunities and Risks for Sexual Health. Front Psychol 2022; 13:872445. [PMID: 35369217 PMCID: PMC8964781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Döring
- Media Psychology and Media Design, Institute of Media and Communication Science, Department of Economic Sciences and Media, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Nicole Krämer
- Social Psychology: Media and Communication, Department of Computer Science and Applied Cognitive Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Department of Computer Science and Applied Cognitive Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Tillmann H C Krüger
- Clinical Psychology and Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna M F van Oosten
- Youth and Media Entertainment, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Vowe
- Communication and Media Studies, Center for Advanced Internet Studies (CAIS), Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van Oosten JMF, Vandenbosch L. Predicting the Willingness to Engage in Non-Consensual Forwarding of Sexts: The Role of Pornography and Instrumental Notions of Sex. Arch Sex Behav 2020; 49:1121-1132. [PMID: 32006206 PMCID: PMC7145774 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although non-consensual forwarding of sexts (NCFS) is an important type of online sexual harassment behavior, the predictors of this behavior are currently understudied. The present study aimed to fill this gap by investigating online pornography use as a predictor of adolescents' and emerging adults' willingness to engage in NCFS in different contexts (i.e., forwarding a sexually explicit picture of a dating partner, relationship partner, friend, stranger or ex-partner). Based on previous literature on the role of pornography in the prediction of sexual harassment, we hypothesized that this relationship would depend on individuals' prior endorsement of sexual stereotypical attitudes (i.e., instrumental attitudes toward sex). We further investigated whether this would differ for adolescent and young adult males and females. We used data from a two-wave short-term (2 months between waves) longitudinal survey among 1947 participants (aged 13-25 years). Results from cross-lagged autoregressive latent SEM models showed that pornography use significantly predicted a higher willingness to forward sexts from a stranger, but mostly among adolescent boys (aged 13-17) with high levels of instrumental attitudes toward sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M F van Oosten
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, Postbus 15791, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nikkelen SWC, van Oosten JMF, van den Borne MMJJ. Sexuality Education in the Digital Era: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Predictors of Online Sexual Information Seeking Among Youth. J Sex Res 2020; 57:189-199. [PMID: 31124727 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1612830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify demographic, intrinsic and extrinsic predictors of youth's online sexual information seeking. We used survey data from a large, representative sample of youth (12-24 years) in the Netherlands (N = 20,500). We focused on online sexual information seeking in general, and on two specific types of online sources: interactive user-generated content (UGC) and professional sexuality education content. Findings suggested that LGB youth and youth with more sexual knowledge were more likely to consult sexual information online, both via UGC and via professional websites about sex. Professional content specifically reaches female youth more than male youth, and is more likely to be consulted by youth with more sexual experience and sexual problems. Further, being male, having low sexual esteem and high sexual curiosity were linked to a higher use of interactive UGC. Finally, only communication with friends about sex, but not with parents or partners, nor the amount and appreciation of school-based sexuality education received, was related to a higher use of online sexual information seeking, notably expert sources of sexual information.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vandenbosch L, van Oosten JMF. Explaining the Relationship Between Sexually Explicit Internet Material and Casual Sex: A Two-Step Mediation Model. Arch Sex Behav 2018; 47:1465-1480. [PMID: 29556900 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-1145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing interest in the implications of adolescents' use of sexually explicit Internet material (SEIM), we still know little about the relationship between SEIM use and adolescents' casual sexual activities. Based on a three-wave online panel survey study among Dutch adolescents (N = 1079; 53.1% boys; 93.5% with an exclusively heterosexual orientation; Mage = 15.11; SD = 1.39), we found that watching SEIM predicted engagement in casual sex over time. In turn, casual sexual activities partially predicted adolescents' use of SEIM. A two-step mediation model was tested to explain the relationship between watching SEIM and casual sex. It was partially confirmed. First, watching SEIM predicted adolescents' perceptions of SEIM as a relevant information source from Wave 2 to Wave 3, but not from Wave 1 to Wave 2. Next, such perceived utility of SEIM was positively related to stronger instrumental attitudes toward sex and thus their views about sex as a core instrument for sexual gratification. Lastly, adolescents' instrumental attitudes toward sex predicted adolescents' engagement in casual sex activities consistently across waves. Partial support emerged for a reciprocal relationship between watching SEIM and perceived utility. We did not find a reverse relationship between casual sex activities and instrumental attitudes toward sex. No significant gender differences emerged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vandenbosch
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) Associated with Leuven School for Mass Communication Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Leuven, Parkstraat 45, PO Box 3603, 3000, Louvain, Belgium.
| | - Johanna M F van Oosten
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
van Oosten JMF, de Vries DA, Peter J. The Importance of Adolescents' Sexually Outgoing Self-Concept: Differential Roles of Self- and Other-Generated Sexy Self-Presentations in Social Media. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2017; 21:5-10. [PMID: 29053372 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationships between (exposure to) sexy self-presentations on social network sites (SNSs) and adolescents' sexual self-concept over time. Results from a three-wave panel study among 1,288 Dutch adolescents (aged 13-17 years) showed that more frequent engagement in sexy self-presentation, rather than exposure to sexy self-presentations of others, on SNSs positively predicted the importance of being sexually outgoing (e.g., sexy, seductive, and wild) in adolescents' self-concept 6 months later.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M F van Oosten
- 1 Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dian A de Vries
- 2 Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Peter
- 1 Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
van Oosten JMF, Vandenbosch L. Sexy online self-presentation on social network sites and the willingness to engage in sexting: A comparison of gender and age. J Adolesc 2016; 54:42-50. [PMID: 27865987 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether engaging in sexy self-presentations on social network sites (SNSs) or exposure to sexy self-presentations on SNSs predicts the willingness to engage in sexting. A second aim of the present study was to investigate whether adolescent girls demonstrate stronger relationships between (exposure to) sexy online self-presentations on SNSs and willingness to sext than adolescent boys and young adult men and women. A two-wave panel survey among 953 Dutch adolescents (13-17 years old, 50.7% male) and 899 Dutch young adults (18-25 years old, 43.9% male) showed that engaging in sexy self-presentations on SNSs increased the willingness to engage in sexting, but only among adolescent girls. Exposure to sexy self-presentations of others did not predict the willingness to engage in sexting. The findings call for more research on the role of gender and age in the link between sexy self-presentation and sexting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M F van Oosten
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Postbus 15791, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Vandenbosch
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) Associated with School for Mass Communication Research, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 42, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; MIOS (Media, ICT, and Interpersonal Relations in Organizations and Society), University of Antwerp, Sint-Jacobsstraat 2, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
van Oosten JMF. Sexually Explicit Internet Material and Adolescents' Sexual Uncertainty: The Role of Disposition-Content Congruency. Arch Sex Behav 2016; 45:1011-22. [PMID: 26373650 PMCID: PMC4820469 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that adolescents' exposure to sexually explicit internet material (SEIM) may result in sexual uncertainty because the content of SEIM may conflict with what adolescents have learned about sex. However, research on which type of adolescent is most susceptible to the relation between SEIM use and sexual uncertainty is lacking. This study therefore investigated whether the relationship between SEIM use and sexual uncertainty depends on within-gender differences in sexual dispositions (i.e., impersonal sex orientation and hypergendered orientation). Using data from a representative two-wave panel survey among 1765 Dutch adolescents (aged 13-17), I found that SEIM use predicted sexual uncertainty only among girls with a low hypergendered orientation and girls with a relatively high impersonal sex orientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M F van Oosten
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research, ASCoR, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15791, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vandenbosch L, van Oosten JMF, Peter J. The Relationship Between Sexual Content on Mass Media and Social Media: A Longitudinal Study. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2015; 18:697-703. [PMID: 26588715 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate whether exposure to sexual reality television content and Internet pornography (IP) is related to sexual self-presentation on social media. Based on a two-wave panel survey among 1,765 adolescents aged 13-17 years, we found that watching sexual reality television content stimulated adolescents to produce and distribute sexual images of themselves on social media. In turn, sexual self-presentation on social media led adolescents to watch sexual reality television content more frequently. These relationships were similar among boys and girls. No reciprocal relationship between exposure to IP and boys' and girls' sexual self-presentation on social media was found. The results suggest that sexual content in mainstream mass media may predict adolescents' sexually oriented behavior on social media and vice versa. Moreover, adolescents seem to differentiate between types of sexual content (i.e., mainstream versus more explicit sexual content) when incorporating sexual media content in their sexual behavior online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vandenbosch
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research, ASCoR, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johanna M F van Oosten
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research, ASCoR, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jochen Peter
- The Amsterdam School of Communication Research, ASCoR, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
van Oosten JMF, Peter J, Boot I. Exploring Associations Between Exposure to Sexy Online Self-Presentations and Adolescents’ Sexual Attitudes and Behavior. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 44:1078-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
van Oosten JMF, Peter J, Boot I. Women's critical responses to sexually explicit material: the role of hyperfemininity and processing style. J Sex Res 2014; 52:306-316. [PMID: 24511896 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.858305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous research on women's responses to male-targeted sexually explicit material (SEM) suggests that women may be critical toward such content. However, women's critical responses to SEM have not been explained empirically. The present study had two goals: (1) to investigate whether women's critical responses to male-targeted SEM depend on individual differences in gender role orientation (i.e., hyperfemininity) and (2) to explain the effect of hyperfemininity on critical responses to SEM by looking at the way sexual material is processed. In an online experiment among women aged 18 to 30 (N = 195), both the type of SEM (a male- versus female-targeted erotic story) and processing style (stimulus- versus response-focused) were manipulated. In addition, participants were divided into three groups based on low, moderate, or high hyperfemininity. When using stimulus-focused processing (i.e., attending to the characters and situational context of the story), women were more critical toward male-targeted SEM (relative to female-targeted material), but only when they had low and moderate degrees of hyperfemininity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Adriaanse MA, van Oosten JMF, de Ridder DTD, de Wit JBF, Evers C. Planning What Not to Eat: Ironic Effects of Implementation Intentions Negating Unhealthy Habits. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2010; 37:69-81. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167210390523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present studies tested the effectiveness of implementation intentions with an “if [situation], then not [habitual response]” structure. Based on ironic process theory and the literature on the processing of negations, it was expected that these “negation implementation intentions” would, ironically, strengthen the habit (situation—response association) one aims to break. In line with the hypotheses, forming negation implementation intentions resulted in cognitive ironic rebound effects as well as behavioral ironic rebound effects compared to an intention only condition or a replacement implementation intention. Additionally, it was found that negation implementation intentions are most likely to result in ironic rebound effects when the habit to be negated is strong. Although implementation intentions are generally highly effective in facilitating behavior change even when this involves breaking unwanted habits, the present research suggests that they are ineffective when they have a negating structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John B. F. de Wit
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|