1
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Kim YN, Park MG, Kim YJ, Lee JS, Kwon BO, Rho JR, Jeong EJ. Chemical Constituents of Halophyte Suaeda glauca and Their Therapeutic Potential for Hair Loss. Molecules 2024; 29:298. [PMID: 38257211 PMCID: PMC10819854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Suaeda glauca, a halophyte in the Amaranthaceae family, exhibits remarkable resilience to high salt and alkali stresses despite the absence of salt glands or vesicles in its leaves. While there is growing pharmacological interest in S. glauca, research on its secondary metabolites remains limited. In this study, chemical constituents of the aerial parts of S. glauca were identified using 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, and its biological activity concerning hair loss was newly reported. Eight compounds, including alkaloids (1~3), flavonoids (4~6), and phenolics (7 and 8), were isolated. The compounds, except the flavonoids, were isolated for the first time from S. glauca. In the HPLC chromatogram, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-d-glucoside, and kaempferol were identified as major constituents in the extract of S. glauca. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of the extract of S. glauca and the isolated compounds 1~8 on the expressions of VEGF and IGF-1, as well as the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, were evaluated in human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Among the eight compounds, compound 4 was the most potent in terms of increasing the expression of VEGF and IGF-1 and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin. These findings suggest that S. glauca extract and its compounds are potential new candidates for preventing or treating hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Na Kim
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea; (Y.-N.K.); (B.-O.K.)
| | - Min-Gyu Park
- Department of Green Bio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu-Jung Kim
- Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jae-Sun Lee
- Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea; (Y.-N.K.); (B.-O.K.)
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea; (Y.-N.K.); (B.-O.K.)
| | - Eun-Ju Jeong
- Department of Green Bio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
- Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (J.-S.L.)
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2
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Hwang BS, Lee S, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Two New Components from an Association of Marine Sponges Poecillastra sp. and Jaspis sp. and Their Inhibitory Effects on Biomarkers for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:491. [PMID: 37755104 PMCID: PMC10532625 DOI: 10.3390/md21090491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland and subsequent lower urinary tract symptoms, poses a significant health concern for aging men with increasing prevalence. Extensive efforts encompassing in vitro and in vivo models are underway to identify novel and effective agents for the management and treatment of BPH. Research endeavors are primarily channeled toward assessing the potential of compounds to inhibit cell proliferation, curb inflammation, and display anti-androgenic activity. Notably, through screening aimed at inhibiting 5-alpha reductase type 2 (5αR2) in human prostatic cells, two acyl compounds (1 and 2) were isolated from a bioactive fraction sourced from an association of marine sponges Poecillastra sp. and Jaspis sp. The complete structure of 1 was determined as (Z)-dec-3-enony (2S, 3S)-capreomycidine, ascertained by JBCA and ECD comparison. While the absolute configurations of 2 remained unassigned, it was identified as a linkage of a 2, 7S*-dihydoxy-9R*-methyloctadecanoyl group with the 2-amino position of a tramiprosate moiety referred to as homotaurine. Evaluation of both compounds encompassed the assessment of their inhibitory effects on key biomarkers (5αR2, AR, PSA, and PCNA) associated with BPH in testosterone propionate (TP)-activated LNCap and RWPE-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Bio-Resource Industrialization Center, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea;
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Lee H, Moon SJ, Yoo YD, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Voratins A-C: Pyridinium Alkaloids from the Marine Dinoflagellate Effrenium voratum with Inhibitory Effects on Biomarkers for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:1495-1502. [PMID: 35671052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three voratin compounds (1-3) were isolated from the symbiotic marine dinoflagellate Effrenium voratum. The planar structures of 1-3 were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HRESIMS, and the relative and absolute configurations were established using ROESY correlations, Mosher's method, and quantum calculations. All of the compounds are zwitterionic and contain a dihydroindolizinium ring and a spiroketal moiety. Compounds 1-3 were found to exhibit therapeutic effects against benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as evaluated using testosterone propionate-treated LNCap and RWPE-1 human prostate cells. This excellent activity suggests that 1-3 are promising for the development of BPH treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangy Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Seung Joo Moon
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Yeong Du Yoo
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeongsang National University, JinJu 52725, South Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
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4
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Lee S, Moon SJ, Yoo YD, Hwang BS, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Ovataline: A Polyketide Isolated from the Benthic Dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata with 5α-Reductase Inhibitory Activity in RWPE-1 Prostatic Cells. Org Lett 2022; 24:4182-4186. [PMID: 35658491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ovataline (1), which is a polar metabolite containing a hexahydroquinoline moiety, was isolated from cultures of the marine dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata. 1 was characterized as a zwitterionic compound with hexahydroquinoline and tetrahydropyran rings. The configurations of the chiral centers in 1 were established using ROESY correlations, J-based configurational and Mosher reaction analyses, and density functional theory calculations. 1 exhibited a 78% (1 μM) inhibition of type II 5α-reductase in testosterone propionate-induced RWPE-1 human prostatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joo Moon
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Du Yoo
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Su Hwang
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
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Yu HY, Park SE, Chun HS, Rho JR, Ahn S. Phospholipid composition analysis of krill oil through HPLC with ELSD: Development, validation, and comparison with 31P NMR spectroscopy. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu J, Zhai C, Rho JR, Lee S, Heo HJ, Kim S, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Treatment of Hyperammonemia by Transplanting a Symbiotic Pair of Intestinal Microbes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:696044. [PMID: 35071025 PMCID: PMC8766988 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.696044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperammonemia is a deleterious and inevitable consequence of liver failure. However, no adequate therapeutic agent is available for hyperammonemia. Although recent studies showed that the pharmabiotic approach could be a therapeutic option for hyperammonemia, its development is clogged with poor identification of etiological microbes and low transplantation efficiency of candidate microbes. In this study, we developed a pharmabiotic treatment for hyperammonemia that employs a symbiotic pair of intestinal microbes that are both able to remove ammonia from the surrounding environment. By a radioactive tracing experiment in mice, we elucidated how the removal of ammonia by probiotics in the intestinal lumen leads to lower blood ammonia levels. After determination of the therapeutic mechanism, ammonia-removing probiotic strains were identified by high-throughput screening of gut microbes. The symbiotic partners of ammonia-removing probiotic strains were identified by screening intestinal microbes of a human gut, and the pairs were administrated to hyperammonemic mice to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Blood ammonia was in a chemical equilibrium relationship with intestinal ammonia. Lactobacillus reuteri JBD400 removed intestinal ammonia to shift the chemical equilibrium to lower the blood ammonia level. L. reuteri JBD400 was successfully transplanted with a symbiotic partner, Streptococcus rubneri JBD420, improving transplantation efficiency 2.3×103 times more compared to the sole transplantation while lowering blood ammonia levels significantly. This work provides new pharmabiotics for the treatment of hyperammonemia as well as explains its therapeutic mechanism. Also, this approach provides a concept of symbiotic pairs approach in the emerging field of pharmabiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Chongkai Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science [Brain Korea (BK) 21 Plus], Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Wanju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Wanju, South Korea.,SNJ Pharma Inc., BioLabs Los Angeles (LA) in the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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Jayawardena TU, Kim HS, Asanka Sanjeewa K, Han EJ, Jee Y, Ahn G, Rho JR, Jeon YJ. Loliolide, isolated from Sargassum horneri; abate LPS-induced inflammation via TLR mediated NF-κB, MAPK pathways in macrophages. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Hwang BS, Jeong YT, Lee S, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Densazalin, a New Cytotoxic Diazatricyclic Alkaloid from the Marine Sponge Haliclona densaspicula. Molecules 2021; 26:3164. [PMID: 34070629 PMCID: PMC8198397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Densazalin, a polycyclic alkaloid, was isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona densaspicula collected in Korea. The complete structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and comparison of the calculated and measured electronic circular dichroism spectra. Densazalin possesses a unique 5,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]tridecan-2,4,6-triene moiety, which is connected by two linear carbon chains. This compound was derived from the biogenetic precursor bis-1,3-dialkylpyridnium. Densazalin exhibited cytotoxic activity on two human tumor cell lines (AGS and HepG2) in the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) bioassay, with IC50 values ranging from 15.5 to 18.4 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Gyeongbuk 37242, Korea;
| | - Yong Tae Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Gyeongbuk 37242, Korea;
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
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Kim HS, Fernando IPS, Lee SH, Ko SC, Kang MC, Ahn G, Je JG, Sanjeewa K, Rho JR, Shin HJ, Lee W, Lee DS, Jeon YJ. Isolation and characterization of anti-inflammatory compounds from Sargassum horneri via high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Ji YK, Lee SM, Kim NH, Tu NV, Kim YN, Heo JD, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Stereochemical Determination of Fistularins Isolated from the Marine Sponge Ecionemia acervus and Their Regulatory Effect on Intestinal Inflammation. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030170. [PMID: 33809895 PMCID: PMC8004254 DOI: 10.3390/md19030170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
By activity-guided fractionation based on inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), six fistularin compounds (1-6) were isolated from the marine sponge Ecionemia acervus (order Astrophorida). Based on stereochemical structure determination using Mosher's method, fistularin-3 was assigned as a new stereoisomer. On the basis of the stereochemistry of fistularin-3, the stereochemical homogeneity of all six compounds was established by comparing carbon and proton chemical shifts. For fistularin-1 (1) and -2 (2), quantum calculations were performed to confirm their stereochemistry. In a co-culture system of human epithelial Caco-2 cells and THP-1 macrophages, all six isolated compounds showed potent anti-inflammatory activities. These bioactive fistularins inhibited the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma. Inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and MAPK phosphorylation were downregulated in response to the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. Among the compounds tested, fistularin-1 (1) and 19-deoxyfistularin-3 (4) showed the highest activity. These findings suggest the potential use of the marine sponge E. acervus and its metabolites as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases including inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Kwang Ji
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea;
| | - Seon Min Lee
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (S.M.L.); (N.-H.K.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (S.M.L.); (N.-H.K.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Nguyen Van Tu
- Institute of Tropical Biology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street District 3, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (S.M.L.); (N.-H.K.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.-R.R.); Tel.: +82-55-772-3224 (E.J.J.); +82-63-469-4606 (J.-R.R.)
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.-R.R.); Tel.: +82-55-772-3224 (E.J.J.); +82-63-469-4606 (J.-R.R.)
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Kim YN, Ji YK, Kim NH, Van Tu N, Rho JR, Jeong EJ. Isoquinolinequinone Derivatives from a Marine Sponge ( Haliclona sp.) Regulate Inflammation in In Vitro System of Intestine. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020090. [PMID: 33557170 PMCID: PMC7913985 DOI: 10.3390/md19020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using bio-guided fractionation and based on the inhibitory activities of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), eight isoquinolinequinone derivatives (1–8) were isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. Among these, methyl O-demethylrenierate (1) is a noble ester, whereas compounds 2 and 3 are new O-demethyl derivatives of known isoquinolinequinones. Compound 8 was assigned as a new 21-dehydroxyrenieramycin F. Anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were tested in a co-culture system of human epithelial Caco-2 and THP-1 macrophages. The isolated derivatives showed variable activities. O-demethyl renierone (5) showed the highest activity, while 3 and 7 showed moderate activities. These bioactive isoquinolinequinones inhibited lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma-induced production of NO and PGE2. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and the phosphorylation of MAPKs were down-regulated in response to the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. In addition, nuclear translocation was markedly promoted with a subsequent increase in the expression of HO-1. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the hydroxyl group in 3 and 5, and the N-formyl group in 7 may be key functional groups responsible for their anti-inflammatory activities. These findings suggest the potential use of Haliclona sp. and its metabolites as pharmaceuticals treating inflammation-related diseases including inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - Yeong Kwang Ji
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea;
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju-si 52834, Korea;
| | - Nguyen Van Tu
- Institute of Tropical Biology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street District 3, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-R.R.); (E.J.J.); Tel.: +82-63-469-4606 (J.-R.R.); +82-55-751-3224 (E.J.J.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-R.R.); (E.J.J.); Tel.: +82-63-469-4606 (J.-R.R.); +82-55-751-3224 (E.J.J.)
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Kim NH, Lee SM, Kim YN, Jeon YJ, Heo JD, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Standardized Fraction of Turbinaria ornata Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice via Upregulation of FOXP3 + Regulatory T Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1463. [PMID: 33092149 PMCID: PMC7590162 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Turbinaria ornata is a tropical brown algae (seaweed) known to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we analyzed T. ornata extract (TOE) using liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and evaluated the in vivo efficacy of TOE against dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis in C57BL/6 mice. The bioactive fraction of TOE was administered orally daily for 6 weeks to mice under different treatments normal, colitis, and colitis + conventional drug (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA). Regarding clinical manifestation, the disease activity index and colon length of the colitis + TOE group were significantly reduced compared to those of the colitis group. The results of myeloperoxidase activity and histopathological examination showed similar results. Western blot analysis of colon tissues revealed that cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3) were significantly decreased in the colitis + 5-ASA group, whereas forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) was increased. qPCR results showed changes in T cell subsets; the administration of TOE upregulated regulatory T cell (Treg) expression, although T helper 17 cell (Th17) expression did not change significantly. Interestingly, the colitis + TOE group showed high levels of both Th1 and Th2 transcription factors, but the secreted cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 remained unchanged and somewhat reduced. Additionally, TNF-α gene expression was significantly reduced in the colitis + TOE group. IL-6 mRNA levels were also decreased, although not significantly. Four compounds were structurally elucidated using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, and five compounds were fully identified or tentatively characterized using LC-QTOF-MS. In conclusion, TOE could alleviate chronic colitis via upregulation of Foxp3+ Treg cells and production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which directly inhibits macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, leading to reduced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (N.-H.K.); (S.M.L.); (J.-D.H.)
| | - Seon Min Lee
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (N.-H.K.); (S.M.L.); (J.-D.H.)
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (N.-H.K.); (S.M.L.); (J.-D.H.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea
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Kim NH, Jegal J, Kim YN, Heo JD, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. The Effects of Aronia melanocarpa Extract on Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats, and Quantitative Analysis of Major Constituents Depending on Extract Conditions. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061575. [PMID: 32481550 PMCID: PMC7352698 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of A. melanocarpa on testosterone propionate (TP)-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Wistar rats. Moreover, the bioactive constituents in the extract were determined using LC/MS and HPLC analyses. The dried fruits of A. melanocarpa were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) under different extract conditions (temperature, 30 C or 100 C; extract solvent, 60% or 100% ethanol) to yield four extracts (T1~T4). Of the four A. melanocarpa extracts, T1 extracted under the condition of 100% ethanol/low temperature (30 C) exhibited the greatest inhibitory activity on TP-induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats. The administration of T1 (100 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) for six weeks attenuated TP-induced prostate enlargement and reduced the levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5α-reductase in both serum and prostate tissue. The suppression of PCNA mRNA expression in prostate tissue was remarkable in T1-treated rats. In LC/MS analysis, the levels of main anthocyanins and phenolics were significantly higher in T1 than in the other extracts. Furthermore, the quantitative study showed that the contents of cyanidin-3-glucose and cyanidin-3-xylose in T1 exhibited 1.27~1.67 and 1.10~1.26 folds higher compared to those in the other extracts. These findings demonstrated that A. melanocarpa extract containing anthocyanins as bioactive constituents attenuated the development of testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia, and suggested that this extract has therapeutic potential to treat prostate enlargement and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52834, Korea; (N.-H.K.); (J.-D.H.)
| | - Jonghwan Jegal
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52834, Korea; (N.-H.K.); (J.-D.H.)
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea;
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.H.Y.); (E.J.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2811 (M.H.Y.); +82-55-751-3224 (E.J.J.); Fax: +82-51-513-6754 (M.H.Y.); +82-55-751-3229 (E.J.J.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.H.Y.); (E.J.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2811 (M.H.Y.); +82-55-751-3224 (E.J.J.); Fax: +82-51-513-6754 (M.H.Y.); +82-55-751-3229 (E.J.J.)
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Lee SM, Kim NH, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Cytotoxic 4-Hydroxyprorocentrolide and Prorocentrolide C from Cultured Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima Induce Human Cancer Cell Death through Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12050304. [PMID: 32392799 PMCID: PMC7290926 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12050304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prorocentrolide and its analogs, the novel naturally derived antitumor agents, have recently been identified in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. In the current study, the underlying inhibitory mechanisms of 4-hydroxyprorocentrolide (1) and prorocentrolide C (2) on the proliferation of human carcinoma cells were determined. 1 and 2 arrested the cell cycle at the S phase in A549 cells and G2/M phase in HT-29 cells, leading to apoptotic cell death, as determined using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis with Annexin V/PI double staining. Apoptosis induced by these compounds was associated with alterations in the expression of cell cycle-regulating proteins (cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, and CDK4), as well as alterations in the levels of apoptosis-related proteins (PPAR, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and survivin). These findings provide new insights into the antitumor mechanisms of 4-hydroxyprorocentrolide and prorocentrolide C and a basis for future investigations assessing prorocentrolide analogs as prospective therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Lee
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (S.M.L.); (N.-H.K.)
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea; (S.M.L.); (N.-H.K.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.-R.R.); Tel.: +82-55 751 3224 (E.J.J.); +82-63 469 4606 (J.-R.R.)
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.-R.R.); Tel.: +82-55 751 3224 (E.J.J.); +82-63 469 4606 (J.-R.R.)
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Lee SM, Kim NH, Lee S, Kim YN, Heo JD, Rho JR, Jeong EJ. (10 Z)-Debromohymenialdisine from Marine Sponge Stylissa sp. Regulates Intestinal Inflammatory Responses in Co-Culture Model of Epithelial Caco-2 Cells and THP-1 Macrophage Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183394. [PMID: 31540496 PMCID: PMC6766964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. Debromohymenialdisine is an active pyrrole alkaloid that is well known to serve as a stable and effective inhibitor of Chk2. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of (10Z)-debromohymenialdisine (1) isolated from marine sponge Stylissa species using an intestinal in vitro model with a transwell co-culture system. The treatment with 1 attenuated the production and gene expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-α in co-cultured THP-1 macrophages at a concentration range of 1–5 μM. The protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were down-regulated in response to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) translocation into the nucleus in cells. In addition, we observed that 1 markedly promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequent increase of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. These findings suggest the potential use of 1 as a pharmaceutical lead in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases including IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Lee
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea.
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea.
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea.
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea.
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea.
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Jayawardena TU, Kim HS, Sanjeewa KA, Kim SY, Rho JR, Jee Y, Ahn G, Jeon YJ. Sargassum horneri and isolated 6-hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2(4H)-one (HTT); LPS-induced inflammation attenuation via suppressing NF-κB, MAPK and oxidative stress through Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lee S, Yang AR, Yoo YD, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Relative Configurational Assignment of 4-Hydroxyprorocentrolide and Prorocentrolide C Isolated from a Benthic Dinoflagellate ( Prorocentrum lima). J Nat Prod 2019; 82:1034-1039. [PMID: 30917280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we clarify the structure and relative configurations of two prorocentrolide analogues (1 and 2) isolated from the benthic marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. The results of NMR spectroscopy show that 1 is prorocentrolide substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4, while the newly isolated compound 2 can be thought of as 1 lacking one ether ring and having one extra double bond. The relative configurations of all stereogenic centers and the configurations of the double bonds in 1 and 2 were determined utilizing ROESY correlations and J-based configuration analysis. Furthermore, 2 was shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and Neuro-2a cells (IC50 2.2 and 5.2 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbum Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology , Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro , Gunsan 54150 , South Korea
| | - A Reum Yang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology , Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro , Gunsan 54150 , South Korea
| | - Yeong Du Yoo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology , Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro , Gunsan 54150 , South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources , Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology , JinJu 660-758 , South Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology , Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro , Gunsan 54150 , South Korea
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Kim NH, Jegal J, Kim YN, Heo JD, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. Chokeberry Extract and Its Active Polyphenols Suppress Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Modulates Fat Accumulation and Insulin Resistance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1734. [PMID: 30424495 PMCID: PMC6266992 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries of Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) are known to be a rich source of biologically active polyphenols. In the present study, the effects of seven anti-adipogenic polyphenolic phytochemicals isolated from A. melanocarpa methanol extract on adipogenic transcription factors were investigated. Amygdalin and prunasin were found to inhibit 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by suppressing the expressions of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ), C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α), SREBP1c (sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c), FAS (fatty acid synthase), and aP2 (adipocyte fatty-acid⁻binding protein). A. melanocarpa extract-treated (100 or 200 mg/kg/day on body weight) high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice showed significant decreases in body weight, serum triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels and improved insulin sensitivity as compared with HFD controls. This research shows A. melanocarpa extract is potentially beneficial for the suppression of HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea.
| | - Jonghwan Jegal
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup 52834, Korea.
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea.
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea.
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Kim NH, Jegal J, Kim YN, Chung DM, Heo JD, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. Antiobesity Effect of Fermented Chokeberry Extract in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. J Med Food 2018; 21:1113-1119. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Munsan-eup, Korea
| | - Jonghwan Jegal
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Korea
| | | | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Munsan-eup, Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Korea
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Kim NH, Heo JD, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. Anti-obesity Effect of Halophyte Crop, Limonium tetragonum in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1856-1865. [PMID: 29093332 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Halophyte Limonium tetragonum has recently been of interest in Korea for its nutritional value and salty taste which made it an ideal vegetable. In this study, the potential of L. tetragonum preventing excess weight gain, obesity and the related health problem has been evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The treatment with 100 mg/kg of L. tetragonum EtOAc soluble fraction (EALT) apparently prevented the body weight gain, adipose tissue weight gain, and the increase of triglyceride and total cholesterol level in mice fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. In addition, both glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in dietary obese mice were improved by EALT administration. A marked decrease in adipocyte differentiation was observed in the EALT (50 µg/mL)-treated 3T3-L1 cells, which was mediated by the suppression of adipogenesis-related transcription factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)α, and Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and adipocyte-specific proteins such as fatty acid synthase (FAS), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (aP2). The major components contained in EALT were identified as (-)-epigallocatechin-3-(3″-O-methyl) gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside based on its phytochemical analysis. Results suggested that EALT might be available as functional crop and bioactive diet supplement for the prevention and/or treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University
| | | | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology
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Kim NH, Heo JD, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. The Standardized Extract of Limonium tetragonum Alleviates Chronic Alcoholic Liver Injury in C57Bl/6J Mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2018; 14:58-63. [PMID: 29576702 PMCID: PMC5858243 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_44_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In traditional folk medicine, Limonium tetragonum is used in the treatment of uterine hemorrhage, tinnitus, and oligomenorrhea. Objective: This study aimed to identify the therapeutic effect of L. tetragonum EtOAc extract (EALT) on liver of mice with chronic alcohol poisoning. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6J mice were administered 100 mg/kg of EALT with a single binge ethanol/Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 8 weeks. Results: The chronic-binge ethanol diet induced a significant increase in liver marker enzyme activities. Coadministration of EALT reversed the elevation of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride as well as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase due to chronic alcohol consumption. Histologic findings including markedly attenuated fat accumulation in hepatocytes were observed in EALT-treated mice. EALT supplementation prevented alcoholic liver injury through attenuation of inflammatory mediators such as toll-like receptor-4, cytochrome P4502E1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. Conclusion: Results provided direct experimental evidence for the hepatoprotective effect of EALT in the NIAAA mouse model. Therapeutic attempts with the L. tetragonum extract might be useful in the management of alcoholic liver disease. SUMMARY Halophyte Limonium tetragonum has recently been of interest in Korea for its nutritional value and salty taste which made it an ideal vegetable Phytochemical analysis of L. tetragonum EtOAc extract (EALT) resulted in nine compounds including catechins and myricetin glycosides as main components Administration of EALT for 8 weeks showed hepatoprotective effect on Lieber-DeCarli diet-fed mouse model A significant decrease in liver marker enzymes and inflammatory mediators was also detected.
Abbreviations used: EALT: L. tetragonum EtOAc extract; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; CYP2E1: Cytochrome P4502E1; TLR-4: Toll-like receptor-4; COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Gyeongnam 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Gyeongnam 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
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Hwang BS, Yoon EY, Jeong EJ, Park J, Kim EH, Rho JR. Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Polyhydroxy Compound Ostreol B Isolated from the Dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata. J Org Chem 2017; 83:194-202. [PMID: 29185743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Following isolation of the polyhydroxy compound, ostreol B, from cultivated cells of the toxic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata collected in South Korea, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy were employed to determine the planar chemical structure of this compound, which contained a tetrahydropyran ring, two terminal double bonds, and 21 hydroxyl groups. The absolute configurations of all stereogenic carbon centers in ostreol B were then determined through a combination of the J-based configuration analysis, rotating frame Overhauser effect correlations, and the modified Mosher method following cleavage of the 1,2-diol bonds. Ostreol B was also found to exhibit moderate cytotoxicity in HepG2, Neuro-2a and HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Yoon
- Environment and Resource Convergence Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology , Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology , JinJu 52725, South Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Park
- Environment and Resource Convergence Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology , Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute , Ochang, Chungbuk 28119, Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
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Lee JS, Kim YN, Kim NH, Heo JD, Yang MH, Rho JR, Jeong EJ. Identification of Hepatoprotective Constituents in Limonium tetragonum and Development of Simultaneous Analysis Method using High-performance Liquid Chromatography. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:535-541. [PMID: 29200710 PMCID: PMC5701388 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_477_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Limonium tetragonum, a naturally salt-tolerant halophyte, has been studied recently and is of much interest to researchers due to its potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Objective: In the present study, we attempted to elucidate bioactive compounds from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction of L. tetragonum extract. Furthermore, the simultaneous analysis method of bioactive EtOAc fraction of L. tetragonum has been developed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and Methods: Thirteen compounds have been successfully isolated from EtOAc fraction of L. tetragonum, and the structures of 1–13 were elucidated by extensive one-dimensional and two-dimensional spectroscopic methods including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, heteronuclear single quantum coherence, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation, and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy. Hepatoprotection of the isolated compounds against liver fibrosis was evaluated by measuring inhibition on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) undergoing proliferation. Results: Compounds 1–13 were identified as gallincin (1), apigenin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), quercetin (3), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), (−)-epigallocatechin (5), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (6), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-(3″-O-methyl) gallate (7), myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (8), myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (9), myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (10), myricetin-3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (11), myricetin-3-O-(3″-O-galloyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (12), and myricetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (13), respectively. All compounds except for 4, 8, and 10 are reported for the first time from this plant. Conclusion: Myricetin glycosides which possess galloyl substituent (9, 11, and 12) showed most potent inhibitory effects on the proliferation of HSCs. SUMMARY In the present study, we have successfully isolated 13 compounds from bioactive fraction of Limonium tetragonum. The structures of compounds isolated have been fully elucidated, and hepatoprotective activities of compounds against liver fibrosis were evaluated by measuring inhibition on hepatic stellate cells undergoing proliferation. Furthermore, the simultaneous analysis method of bioactive ethyl acetate fraction of L. tetragonum has been developed using HPLC. Ten compounds identified herein are reported for the first time from this plant.
Abbreviations used: HSQC: Heteronuclear single quantum coherence; HMBC: Heteronuclear multiple bond correlation; NOESY: Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy; EGCG: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate; EGC: Epigallocatechin; HSC: Hepatic stellate cell; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sun Lee
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Na Kim
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Gyeongnam 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment and Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Gyeongnam 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
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Yoo YD, Seong KA, Jeong HJ, Yih W, Rho JR, Nam SW, Kim HS. Mixotrophy in the marine red-tide cryptophyte Teleaulax amphioxeia and ingestion and grazing impact of cryptophytes on natural populations of bacteria in Korean coastal waters. Harmful Algae 2017; 68:105-117. [PMID: 28962973 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cryptophytes are ubiquitous and one of the major phototrophic components in marine plankton communities. They often cause red tides in the waters of many countries. Understanding the bloom dynamics of cryptophytes is, therefore, of great importance. A critical step in this understanding is unveiling their trophic modes. Prior to this study, several freshwater cryptophyte species and marine Cryptomonas sp. and Geminifera cryophila were revealed to be mixotrophic. The trophic mode of the common marine cryptophyte species, Teleaulax amphioxeia has not been investigated yet. Thus, to explore the mixotrophic ability of T. amphioxeia by assessing the types of prey species that this species is able to feed on, the protoplasms of T. amphioxeia cells were carefully examined under an epifluorescence microscope and a transmission electron microscope after adding each of the diverse prey species. Furthermore, T. amphioxeia ingestion rates heterotrophic bacteria and the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. were measured as a function of prey concentration. Moreover, the feeding of natural populations of cryptophytes on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria was assessed in Masan Bay in April 2006. This study reported for the first time, to our knowledge, that T. amphioxeia is a mixotrophic species. Among the prey organisms offered, T. amphioxeia fed only on heterotrophic bacteria and Synechococcus sp. The ingestion rates of T. amphioxeia on heterotrophic bacteria or Synechococcus sp. rapidly increased with increasing prey concentrations up to 8.6×106 cells ml-1, but slowly at higher prey concentrations. The maximum ingestion rates of T. amphioxeia on heterotrophic bacteria and Synechococcus sp. reached 0.7 and 0.3 cells predator-1 h-1, respectively. During the field experiments, the ingestion rates and grazing coefficients of cryptophytes on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria were 0.3-8.3 cells predator-1h-1 and 0.012-0.033d-1, respectively. Marine cryptophytes, including T. amphioxeia, are known to be favorite prey species for many mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates. Cryptophytes, therefore, likely play important roles in marine food webs and may exert a considerable potential grazing impact on the populations of marine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Du Yoo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyeong Ah Seong
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Jeong
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wonho Yih
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Nam
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Seop Kim
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Limaol (1), along with a dinophysistoxin 1 derivative and an okadaic acid (OA) derivative, was isolated from the large-scale cultivation of the benthic marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. The structure of 1 was determined by a combination of NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and contained tetrahydropyran, 1,3,5,7-tetra(methylene)heptane, and octahydrospiro[pyran-2,2'-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran] moieties. The absolute configuration of 1 was completely elucidated on the basis of ROESY correlations, J-based configuration analysis, and modified Mosher's ester analysis. Limaol showed moderate cytotoxicity when compared to OA against three cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reum Yang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Young Du Yoo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Hyung Seop Kim
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology , JinJu 660-758, South Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
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Yang MH, Kim NH, Heo JD, Rho JR, Ock KJ, Shin EC, Jeong EJ. Comparative Evaluation of Sulfur Compounds Contents and Antiobesity Properties of Allium hookeri Prepared by Different Drying Methods. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017; 2017:2436927. [PMID: 28400840 PMCID: PMC5376446 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2436927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the nutritional and medicinal values of Allium hookeri, its unique flavor (onion or garlic taste and smell) coming from sulfur containing compounds limits its usage as functional food. For comparative study, A. hookeri roots were prepared under two different drying conditions, namely, low-temperature drying that minimizes the volatilization of sulfur components and hot-air drying that minimizes the garlic odor and spicy taste of A. hookeri. In GC/MS olfactory system, the odorous chemicals and organosulfur compounds such as diallyl trisulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, and dipropyl trisulfide were significantly decreased in hot-air drying compared to low-temperature drying. The spiciness and saltiness taste were noticeably reduced, while sourness, sweetness, and umami taste were significantly increased in hot-air dried A. hookeri according to electronic tongue. Although the content of volatile sulfur components was present at lower level, the administration of hot-air dried A. hookeri extract (100 mg/kg p.o.) apparently prevented the body weight gain and improved insulin resistance in C57BL/6J obese mice receiving high fat diet. Results suggested that the hot-air dried A. hookeri possessing better taste and odor might be available as functional crop and bioactive diet supplement for the prevention and/or treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ju Ock
- Max Bright Samchae, Jinju Industry Foundation, Munsan-eup, Jinju 52839, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
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Kim NH, Heo JD, Kim TB, Rho JR, Yang MH, Jeong EJ. Protective Effects of Ethyl Acetate Soluble Fraction of Limonium tetragonum on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 39:1022-8. [PMID: 27251505 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a potent toxic material that can cause necrosis and subsequent fibrosis in the liver. Based on the previously reported hepatoprotective effect of Limonium tetragonum against the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, we tested the EtOAc soluble fraction of L. tetragonum extract (EALT) in a DEN-induced hepatotoxic rat model. The development of hepatotoxicity including mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis induced by intraperitoneal injections of DEN (70 mg/2 mL/kg body weight (b.w.) per week) was observed at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the first DEN treatment. Administration of EALT (200 mg/kg body weight, per os (p.o.)) induced significant reductions in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and triglycerides (TG) in DEN-injected rats. Increased oxidative stress in DEN-induced liver fibrosis rats was diminished by EALT treatment through a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histologic findings that included markedly attenuated mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis could be observed in liver samples from the EALT-treated groups. An extract of Hovenia dulcis fruit and Sylimarin were used as positive controls. The present study provides direct experimental evidence for EALT attenuated hepatic injury and fibrosis in DEN-treated mice. The L. tetragonum EtOAc fraction might be useful in treating fibrotic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology
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Yun K, Leutou AS, Rho JR, Son BW. Formoxazine, a New Pyrrolooxazine, and Two Amines from the Marine-Mudflat-Derived FungusPaecilomyces formosus. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keumja Yun
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 608-737 Korea
| | | | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Jeonbuk 573-701 Korea
| | - Byeng Wha Son
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 608-737 Korea
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Jeong EJ, Kim NH, Heo JD, Lee KY, Rho JR, Kim YC, Sung SH. Antifibrotic compounds from Liriodendron tulipifera attenuating HSC-T6 proliferation and TNF-α production in RAW264.7 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:228-34. [PMID: 25747981 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation has been considered as an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. The methanolic extract of Liriodendron tulipifera showed significant inhibitory activity against the proliferation of HSCs. Bioactivity-guided isolation afforded twelve compounds including (-)-sesamin (1), (-)-syringaresinol (2), (+)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (3), salvinal (4), (+)-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-dihydroconiferyl ether (5), (±)-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-sinapyl alcohol ether (6), tanegool (7), (+)-5,5'-dimethoxy-7-oxolariciresinol (8), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone (9), 4-acetoxymethylphenol (10), (-)-paramicholide (11), and blumenol A (12). Among the compounds isolated, 2, 3 and 4 significantly attenuated the proliferation of the activated HSC-T6 cells. The maximal dose of these compounds, however, showed no cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Collagen deposition in the activated HSC-T6 cells was reduced by 2, 3 and 4. Also, the increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced by lipopolysaccharide was decreased by 3 and 4 in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Collectively, (-)-syringaresinol (2), (+)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (3), and salvinal (4) isolated from L. tulipifera leaves and twigs exhibited selective antifibrotic activities toward the activated HSCs and suppressed TNF-α production in RAW264.7 macrophages. These compounds may be useful candidates for developing therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources, College of Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology
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Seo YJ, Lee KT, Rho JR, Choi JH. Phorbaketal A, Isolated from the Marine Sponge Phorbas sp., Exerts Its Anti-Inflammatory Effects via NF-κB Inhibition and Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:7005-19. [PMID: 26610528 PMCID: PMC4663563 DOI: 10.3390/md13117005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges harbor a range of biologically active compounds. Phorbaketal A is a tricyclic sesterterpenoid isolated from the marine sponge Phorbas sp.; however, little is known about its biological activities and associated molecular mechanisms. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying molecular mechanism of phorbaketal A in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We found that phorbaketal A significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), but not prostaglandin E2, in RAW 264.7 cells. Further, phorbaketal A suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase at both the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, phorbaketal A reduced the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Treatment with phorbaketal A inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), a crucial signaling molecule in inflammation. Moreover, phorbaketal A up-regulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These data suggest that phorbaketal A, isolated from the marine sponge Phorbas sp., inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators via down-regulation of the NF-κB pathway and up-regulation of the HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ji Seo
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 573-701, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
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Lee K, Rho JR. A new sesterterpenoid showing anti-inflammatory effect from the Marine Sponge Haliclona species. Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2015. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2015.19.1.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rho JR, Subramaniam G, Choi H, Kim EH, Ng SP, Yoganathan K, Ng S, Buss AD, Butler MS, Gerwick WH. Gargantulide A, a complex 52-membered macrolactone showing antibacterial activity from Streptomyces sp. Org Lett 2015; 17:1377-80. [PMID: 25723256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gargantulide A (1), an extremely complex 52-membered macrolactone, was isolated from Streptomyces sp. A42983 and displayed moderate activity against MRSA. The planar structure of 1 was determined using 2D NMR, and its stereochemistry was partially established on the basis of NOESY correlations, J-based configuration analysis, and Kishi's universal NMR database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Rae Rho
- †Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Gurusamy Subramaniam
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- §Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- ∥Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Sok Peng Ng
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - K Yoganathan
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - Siewbee Ng
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - Antony D Buss
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - Mark S Butler
- ‡MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 41 Science Park Road, #04-03B the Gemini, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117610, Singapore
| | - William H Gerwick
- †Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States.,§Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
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Lee S, Hwang BS, Kim HS, Yih W, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. A New Diol Ester Derivative of Dinophysistoxin-1 from Cultures ofProrocentrum limaCollected in South Korea. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangbum Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Gunsan 573-701 Korea
| | - Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Gunsan 573-701 Korea
| | - Hyung Seop Kim
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Gunsan 573-701 Korea
| | - Wonho Yih
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Gunsan 573-701 Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technologies; Suwon 443-270 Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Agronomy & Medicinal Plant Resources; Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology; Jinju 660-758 Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology; Kunsan National University; Gunsan 573-701 Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technologies; Suwon 443-270 Korea
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Mun SH, Joung DK, Kim SB, Park SJ, Seo YS, Gong R, Choi JG, Shin DW, Rho JR, Kang OH, Kwon DY. The mechanism of antimicrobial activity of sophoraflavanone B against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2014; 11:234-9. [PMID: 24601672 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophoraflavanone B (SPF-B), a prenylated flavonoid, can be isolated from the roots of Desmodium caudatum. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of SPF-B's antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a multidrug-resistant pathogen and the main cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SPF-B was assessed using the broth microdilution method. The mechanism of action of SPF-B on S. aureus was analyzed in combination assays incorporating detergents, ATPase inhibitors, and peptidoglycan (PGN) derived from S. aureus. Furthermore, morphological changes in the SPF-B-treated MRSA strains were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The MIC of SPF-B for MRSA was in the range of 15.6-31.25 μg/mL. The mechanism of action of SPF-B on MRSA was investigated using combination assays with detergent and ATPase inhibitors. The optical density at 600 nm of MRSA suspensions treated with a combination of detergent and SPF-B reduced the MRSA by 63%-73%. In the SPF-B and PGN combination assay, direct binding of SPF-B with PGN from S. aureus was evident. These data may be validated for the development of new antibacterial drugs for low MRSA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- 1 BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University , Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Jeong EJ, Bae JY, Rho JR, Kim YC, Ahn MJ, Sung SH. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenes from Euonymus alatus Leaves and Twigs on Lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.10.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hwang BS, Kim HS, Yih W, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Acuminolide A: structure and bioactivity of a new polyether macrolide from dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuminata. Org Lett 2014; 16:5362-5. [PMID: 25259727 DOI: 10.1021/ol502567g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acuminolide A (1), along with pectenotoxin II (PTX-2), dinophysistoxin I (DTX-1), okadaic acid (OA), and 7-epi-PTX-2 seco acid, was isolated from a large-scale cultivation of the dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuminata. The new 33-membered macrolide 1 was characterized by detailed analysis of 2D NMR and MS data. Its relative stereochemistry was elucidated on the basis of ROESY correlations and J-based analysis. In contrast to the other well-known toxins that were isolated, 1 showed no cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines but caused potent stimulation of actomyosin ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University , Jeonbuk, 573-701, South Korea
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Hwang BS, Lee K, Yang C, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Characterization and anti-inflammatory effects of iodinated acetylenic acids isolated from the marine sponges Suberites mammilaris and Suberites japonicus. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:2355-2359. [PMID: 24256436 DOI: 10.1021/np400793r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The previously unknown compounds 1-4, acetylenic acids with one or two iodine atom(s), were isolated from the marine sponges Suberites mammilaris and Suberites japonicus. Their complete structures were determined using NMR and mass spectrometry. The methylated compounds 1a and 2a exhibited a strong NO inhibitory effect on RAW264.7 cells, while methylated 3a and 4a were inactive in RAW264.7 cells, but highly active in BV2 microglia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University , Jeonbuk, 573-701, South Korea
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Oh JS, Hwang BS, Kang OH, Kwon DY, Rho JR. New constituents from the Korean sponge Plakortis simplex. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4407-18. [PMID: 24196396 PMCID: PMC3853735 DOI: 10.3390/md11114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new cyclic peroxides (1-6) were isolated from the Korean sponge Plakortis simplex, along with two new alkylpyridinium alkaloids (7 and 8). The structures of these compounds were completely determined by a combination of NMR analysis and chemical reactions. Compounds 1-6 exhibited cytotoxic/antifungal activities against RAW264.7 cells and Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Soon Oh
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 573-701, Korea; E-Mails: (J.S.O.); (B.S.H.)
| | - Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 573-701, Korea; E-Mails: (J.S.O.); (B.S.H.)
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea; E-Mails: (O.-H.K.); (D.-Y.K.)
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea; E-Mails: (O.-H.K.); (D.-Y.K.)
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 573-701, Korea; E-Mails: (J.S.O.); (B.S.H.)
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Keum JH, Kang OH, Kim SB, Mun SH, Seo YS, Kim MR, Rho JR, Lee YS, Park CB, Kim YG, Kim YI, Han SH, Kwon DY. The anti-inflammatory effect of Cheongseoikki-tang ethanol extract on allergic reactions mediated by bone marrow-derived mast cells. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:380-6. [PMID: 23494327 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cheongseoikki-tang (CIT, Korean), also called Qingshu Yiqi decoction () and Seisho-ekki-to (Japanese), is well known as an effective traditional combination of herbs for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study was to research its effects on bone marrow-derived mast cell (BMMC)-mediated allergy and inflammation mechanisms. METHODS In this study, the biological effect of Cheongseoikki-tang ethanol extract (CITE) was evaluated, focusing on its effects on the production of allergic mediators by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187)-stimulated BMMCs. These allergic mediators included interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), leukotriene C4 (LTC4), and β-hexosaminidase (β-hex). RESULTS Our data revealed that CITE inhibited the production of IL-6, PGD2, LTC4, and β-hex induced by PMA plus A23187 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that CITE has the potential for use in the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Ho Keum
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Yoo JS, Park T, Bang G, Lee C, Rho JR, Kim YH. High-energy collision-induced dissociation of [M+Na]+ ions desorbed by fast atom bombardment of ceramides isolated from the starfish Distolasterias nipon. J Mass Spectrom 2013; 48:164-171. [PMID: 23378088 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ten ceramides and four cerebrosides were extracted from the starfish Distolasterias nipon by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Structural identification was conducted using tandem mass spectrometry of monosodiated ions desorbed by fast atom bombardment. The complete structures of four cerebrosides were determined by a previously reported method. The high-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectral characteristics of ceramides with various structures depend on the number and positions of double bonds on both the N-acyl and sphingoid chains, the presence of a hydroxyl group or a double bond at the C-4 position of the sphingoid chain and the presence of an α-hydroxy group on the N-acyl chain. The high-energy CID of the monosodiated ion, [M+Na](+), of each ceramide molecular species generated abundant ions, providing information on the composition of the fatty acyl chains and sphingoid long-chain bases. Each homologous ion series along the fatty acyl group and aliphatic chain of the sphingoid base was used for locating the double-bond positions of both chains and hydroxyl groups on the sphingoid base chain. The double-bond positions were also confirmed by the m/z values of abundant allylic even- and odd-electron ions, and the intensity ratio of the T ion peak relative to the O ion peak. This technique could determine the complete structures of ceramides and cerebrosides in an extract mixture and has great potential for determining other sphingolipids isolated from various biological sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Yoo
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 363-883, Korea
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Hwang BS, Oh JS, Jeong EJ, Sim CJ, Rho JR. Densanins A and B, new macrocyclic pyrrole alkaloids isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona densaspicula. Org Lett 2012; 14:6154-7. [PMID: 23211017 DOI: 10.1021/ol3028303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Densanins A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the sponge Haliclona densaspicula. On the basis of spectral data and the Mosher ester method, the complete structures were characterized as hexacyclic diamine alkaloids, which were probably derived from 3-alkylpyridine. Compounds 1 and 2 showed relatively potent inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in BV2 microglial cells with IC(50) values of 1.05 and 2.14 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 573-701, South Korea
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Kim SB, Kang OH, Keum JH, Mun SH, Seo YS, Choi JG, Kim MR, Rho JR, Shin DW, Kil KJ, Kwon DY. Anti-inflammatory effects of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction () in RAW 264.7 cells. Chin J Integr Med 2012. [PMID: 23212570 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction () or Dangkwiyughwang-tang (DGLHT) water extract. METHODS: Effect of DGLHT on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of several pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were examined by using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. To determine the underlying mechanism of the inhibitory effects of DGLHT, the expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein, as well as iNOS, COX-2, and IL-6 mRNA levels were examined by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were also examined by Western blot. RESULTS: DGLHT inhibited LPS-induced production of NO, PGE(2), and IL-6 productions and the expressions of iNOS and COX-2. Furthermore, DGLHT suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). CONCLUSIONS: DGLHT has inhibitory effects on the LPSinduced production of PGE(2), NO, and IL-6 and on the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages. These anti-inflammatory effects occur through inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Hwang BS, Rho JR. Scalaran-type sesterterpenes from a Marine Sponge Smenospongia species showing the AMPK activation. Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2012. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2012.16.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hwang BS, Yang C, Rho JR. A new derivative of phorbaketals isolated from a Marine Sponge Phorbas species. Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2011. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2011.15.2.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Seo SH, Choi KH, Hwang S, Kim J, Park CS, Rho JR, Cha J. Characterization of the catalytic and kinetic properties of a thermostable Thermoplasma acidophilum α-glucosidase and its transglucosylation reaction with arbutin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Park T, Park YS, Rho JR, Kim YH. Structural determination of cerebrosides isolated from Asterias amurensis starfish eggs using high-energy collision-induced dissociation of sodium-adducted molecules. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2011; 25:572-578. [PMID: 21290443 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Six cerebrosides were isolated from the eggs of the starfish Asterias amurensis using solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. This study demonstrated that the structures of cerebrosides could be completely characterized, based on their sodium-adducted molecules, using fast atom bombardment (FAB) tandem mass spectrometry. The high-energy collision-induced dissociation of the sodium-adducted molecule, [M + Na](+), of each cerebroside molecular species generated abundant ions, providing information on the compositions of the 2-hydroxy fatty acids and long-chain sphingoid bases, as well as the sugar moiety polar head group. Each homologous ion series along the fatty acid and aliphatic chain of the sphingoid base was useful for locating the double-bond positions of both chains and the methyl branching position of the long-chain base. The N-fatty acyl portions were primarily long-chain saturated or monoenoic acids (C16 to C24) with an α-hydroxy group. The sphingoid long-chain base portions were aliphatic chains (C18 or C22) with two or three degrees of unsaturation and with or without methyl branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeseong Park
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Korea
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Rho JR, Hwang BS, Joung S, Byun MR, Hong JH, Lee HY. Phorbasones A and B, Sesterterpenoids Isolated from the Marine Sponge Phorbas sp. and Induction of Osteoblast Differentiation. Org Lett 2011; 13:884-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1029386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Seewon Joung
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Mi Ran Byun
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Hee-Yoon Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk, 573-701, Korea, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
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Choi JG, Kang OH, Lee YS, Chae HS, Oh YC, Brice OO, Kim MS, Sohn DH, Kim HS, Park H, Shin DW, Rho JR, Kwon DY. In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Peel Ethanol Extract against Salmonella. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011; 2011:690518. [PMID: 19687188 PMCID: PMC3137154 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Punica granatum is commonly used in Korea as a traditional medicine for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of P. granatum peel EtOH extract (PGPE) against 16 strains of Salmonella. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of PGPE were in the range of 62.5–1000 x03BCg mL−1. In addition, the in vivo antibacterial activity of the PGPE extract was examined in a S. typhimurium infection mouse model. Mice were initially infected with S. typhimurium and then with PGPE. The extract was found to have significant effects on mortality and the numbers of viable S. typhimurium recovered from feces. Although clinical signs and histological damage were rarely observed in the treated mice, the untreated controls showed signs of lethargy and histological damage in the liver and spleen. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that PGPE has the potential to provide an effective treatment for salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Gi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, Republic of Korea
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