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Kimeswenger S, Sterniczky B, Kramer A, Tillmann K, Gamper J, Foedinger D, Petzelbauer P, Jantschitsch C. Impact of infrared radiation on UVB-induced skin tumourigenesis in wild type C57BL/6 mice. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:129-139. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00118a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Additional exposure to infrared radiation leads to a more aggressive phenotype of UVB-induced skin tumours in wild type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Sterniczky
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Anne Kramer
- Centre for Biomedical Research; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Katharina Tillmann
- Centre for Biomedical Research; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Centre for Medical Statistics
- Informatics
- and Intelligent Systems; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Dagmar Foedinger
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
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Smretschnig E, Hagen S, Gamper J, Krebs I, Binder S, Ansari-Shahrezaei S. Long-term follow-up of half-fluence photodynamic therapy in acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Spektrum Augenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-018-0412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tillmann K, Windschnurer I, Gamper J, Hinney B, Rülicke T, Podesser BK, Troxler J, Plasenzotti R. Welfare assessment in rabbits raised for meat and laboratory purposes in enclosures with two floor types: Perforated plastic with holes versus slats. Res Vet Sci 2018; 122:200-209. [PMID: 30557773 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to welfare concerns and legal restrictions in certain countries, alternatives to wire net floors must be developed in rabbit husbandries. Also, there is a difference in regulations in Europe for laboratory rabbits vs. rabbits bred and kept for meat production. While there are regulations concerning floor design of enclosures for rabbits bred for meat production in many European countries, the European Directive 2010/63 lacks regulations for rabbits used for scientific purposes. This study compares two floors, which meet the Austrian legal requirements for growing rabbits intended for consumption as well as the requirements for laboratory rabbits. The dual use of rabbits bred for meat production and applicable for scientific purposes would avoid the problem of surplus animals of specialized producers for laboratory rabbits. A noryl floor with 12 mm circular holes was compared to a 10 mm slatted plastic floor. Parameters were soiling of cages and animals, parasitic burden, clinical health, and losses using objective scoring. Soiling of cages and animals and coccidial oocytes were significantly higher on the floors with circular holes. Obvious signs of disease showed a non-significant trend to be more frequent in the group with circular holes. This was linked with significantly higher losses. In conclusion, our study clearly shows that the floor with circular hole design cannot be endorsed, although it meets legal requirements. The slatted floor type can be cautiously recommended; however, to assure animal welfare in laboratory rabbits, legal authorities in Europe should take on the responsibility of regulating floor design in this sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tillmann
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - I Windschnurer
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - J Gamper
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna
| | - B Hinney
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - T Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - B K Podesser
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - J Troxler
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - R Plasenzotti
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Hojreh A, Homolka P, Gamper J, Unterhumer S, Kienzl-Palma D, Balassy C, Wrba T, Prosch H. Automated tube voltage selection in pediatric non-contrast chest CT. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204794. [PMID: 30281614 PMCID: PMC6169939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern CT scanners provide automatic dose adjustment systems, which are promising options for reducing radiation dose in pediatric CT scans. Their impact on patient dose, however, has not been investigated sufficiently thus far. OBJECTIVE To evaluate automated tube voltage selection (ATVS) in combination with automated tube current modulation (ATCM) in non-contrast pediatric chest CT, with regard to the diagnostic image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS There were 160 non-contrast pediatric chest CT scans (8.7±5.4 years) analyzed retrospectively without and with ATVS. Correlations of volume CT Dose Index (CTDIvol) and effective diameter, with and without ATVS, were compared using Fisher's z-transformation. Image quality was assessed by mean signal-difference-to-noise ratios (SDNR) in the aorta and in the left main bronchus using the independent samples t-test. Two pediatric radiologists and a general radiologist rated overall subjective Image quality. Readers' agreement was assessed using weighted kappa coefficients. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS CTDIvol correlation with the effective diameter was r = 0.62 without and r = 0.80 with ATVS (CI: -0.04 to -0.60; p = 0.025). Mean SDNR was 10.88 without and 10.03 with ATVS (p = 0.0089). Readers' agreement improved with ATVS (weighted kappa between pediatric radiologists from 0.1 (0.03-0.16) to 0.27 (0.09-0.45) with ATVS; between general and each pediatric radiologist from 0.1 (0.06-0.14) to 0.12 (0.05-0.20), and from 0.22 (0.11-0.34) to 0.36 (0.24-0.49)). CONCLUSION ATVS, combined with ATCM, results in a radiation dose reduction for pediatric non-contrast chest CT without a loss of diagnostic image quality and prevents errors in manual tube voltage setting, and thus protecting larger children against an unnecessarily high radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hojreh
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter Homolka
- Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Unterhumer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Kienzl-Palma
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Csilla Balassy
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wrba
- IT-Systems & Communications, IT4Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Prosch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Rada S, Gamper J, González R, Mombo-Ngoma G, Ouédraogo S, Kakolwa MA, Zoleko-Manego R, Sevene E, Kabanywanyi AM, Accrombessi M, Briand V, Cot M, Vala A, Kremsner PG, Abdulla S, Massougbodgi A, Nhacolo A, Aponte JJ, Macete E, Menéndez C, Ramharter M. Concordance of three alternative gestational age assessments for pregnant women from four African countries: A secondary analysis of the MIPPAD trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199243. [PMID: 30080869 PMCID: PMC6078285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At times, ultrasound is not readily available in low resource countries in Africa for accurate determination of gestational age, so using alternative methods is pivotal during pregnancy. These assessments are used to aid the risk analysis for an infant and management strategies for premature delivery, if necessary. Currently, date of last menstrual period, fundal height measurements, and the New Ballard Score are commonly used in resource-limited settings. However, concordance of these measures is unknown for sub-Saharan Africa. We obtained data from an open-label randomized controlled trial, to assess the concordance of these alternative assessment methods. The purpose of our study was to determine the agreement between these alternative methods when used in sub-Saharan African populations. METHODS A total of 4,390 pregnant women from Benin, Gabon, Mozambique and Tanzania were included in our analysis. The assessment methods compared were: 1) reported last menstrual period, 2) symphysis-fundal height measurement, and 3) the New Ballard Score. The Bland-Altman method and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to test the degree of agreement. Survival range gestational age, used as an inclusion criterion for further analysis, was from 22 to 44 weeks. FINDINGS Plots showed a lack of agreement between methods and the 95% limits of agreement too wide to be clinically useful. ICC = 0.25 indicated poor agreement. A post-hoc analysis, restricted from 32 to 42 weeks, was done to check for better agreement in this near-term population. The plots and ICC = 0.16 still confirmed poor agreement. CONCLUSION The alternative assessments do not result in comparable outcomes and discrepancies are far beyond the clinically acceptable range. Last menstrual period should not be used as the only estimator of gestational age. In the absence of reliable early ultrasound, symphysis-fundal height measurements may be most useful during pregnancy for fetal risk assessment and the New Ballard Score after delivery as a confirmation of these estimations and for further neonatal management. However, promotion of portable ultrasound devices is required for accurate assessment of gestational age in sub-Sahara Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Rada
- Center for Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raquel González
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona), ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Manhiça, Mozambique
| | - Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infectious Diseases (DZIF), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Parasitology, Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS), Libreville, Gabon
| | - Smaïla Ouédraogo
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS), Université d’Aboméy Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Ministère de la Santé, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Rella Zoleko-Manego
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infectious Diseases (DZIF), Tübingen, Germany
- Ngounie Medical Research Centre, Fougamou, Gabon
| | | | | | - Manfred Accrombessi
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS), Université d’Aboméy Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Valérie Briand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Université René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Michel Cot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Université René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anifa Vala
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Manhiça, Mozambique
| | - Peter G. Kremsner
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infectious Diseases (DZIF), Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Achille Massougbodgi
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS), Université d’Aboméy Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - John J. Aponte
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona), ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Manhiça, Mozambique
| | - Eusébio Macete
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Manhiça, Mozambique
| | - Clara Menéndez
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona), ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Manhiça Health Research Center (CISM), Manhiça, Mozambique
| | - Michael Ramharter
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Eckl-Dorna J, Fröschl R, Lupinek C, Kiss R, Gattinger P, Marth K, Campana R, Mittermann I, Blatt K, Valent P, Selb R, Mayer A, Gangl K, Steiner I, Gamper J, Perkmann T, Zieglmayer P, Gevaert P, Valenta R, Niederberger V. Intranasal administration of allergen increases specific IgE whereas intranasal omalizumab does not increase serum IgE levels-A pilot study. Allergy 2018; 73:1003-1012. [PMID: 29083477 PMCID: PMC5969304 DOI: 10.1111/all.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Administration of the therapeutic anti‐IgE antibody omalizumab to patients induces strong increases in IgE antibody levels. Objective To investigate the effect of intranasal administration of major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, omalizumab or placebo on the levels of total and allergen‐specific IgE in patients with birch pollen allergy. Methods Based on the fact that intranasal allergen application induces rises of systemic allergen‐specific IgE, we performed a double‐blind placebo‐controlled pilot trial in which birch pollen allergic subjects were challenged intranasally with omalizumab, placebo or birch pollen allergen Bet v 1. Total and allergen‐specific IgE, IgG and basophil sensitivity were measured before and 8 weeks after challenge. For control purposes, total, allergen‐specific IgE levels and omalizumab‐IgE complexes as well as specific IgG levels were studied in subjects treated subcutaneously with either omalizumab or placebo. Effects of omalizumab on IgE production by IL‐4/anti‐CD40‐treated PBMCs from allergic patients were studied in vitro. Results Intranasal challenge with Bet v 1 induced increases in Bet v 1‐specific IgE levels by a median of 59.2%, and this change differed significantly from the other treatment groups (P = .016). No relevant change in allergen‐specific and total IgE levels was observed in subjects challenged with omalizumab. Addition of omalizumab did not enhance IL‐4/anti‐CD40‐induced IgE production in vitro. Significant rises in total IgE (mean IgE before: 131.83 kU/L to mean IgE after: 505.23 kU/L) and the presence of IgE‐omalizumab complexes were observed after subcutaneous administration of omalizumab. Conclusion Intranasal administration of allergen induced rises of allergen‐specific IgE levels, whereas intranasal administration of omalizumab did not enhance systemic total or allergen‐specific IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Fröschl
- Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Lupinek
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Kiss
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - P. Gattinger
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Marth
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Campana
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - I. Mittermann
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Blatt
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - P. Valent
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Selb
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - A. Mayer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Gangl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - I. Steiner
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems; Section for Medical Statistics; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - J. Gamper
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems; Section for Medical Statistics; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - T. Perkmann
- Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | | | - P. Gevaert
- Upper Airway Research Laboratory (URL); Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - R. Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - V. Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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Podkowinski D, Philip AM, Vogl WD, Gamper J, Bogunovic H, Gerendas BS, Haj Najeeb B, Waldstein SM, Schmidt-Erfurth U. Neuroretinal atrophy following resolution of macular oedema in retinal vein occlusion. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:36-42. [PMID: 29511062 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To characterise neuroretinal atrophy in retinal vein occlusion (RVO). METHODS We included patients with central/branch RVO (CRVO=196, BRVO=107) who received ranibizumab according to a standardised protocol for 6 months. Retinal atrophy was defined as the presence of an area of retinal thickness (RT) <260 µm outside the foveal centre. Moreover, the thickness of three distinct retinal layer compartments was computed as follows: (1) retinal nerve fibre layer to ganglion cell layer, (2) inner plexiform layer (IPL) to outer nuclear layer (ONL) and (3) inner segment/outer segment junction to retinal pigment epithelium. To characterise atrophy further, we assessed perfusion status on fluorescein angiography and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and compared these between eyes with/without atrophy. RESULTS 23 patients with CRVO and 11 patients with BRVO demonstrated retinal atrophy, presenting as sharply demarcated retinal thinning confined to a macular quadrant. The mean RT in the atrophic quadrant at month 6 was 249±26 µm (CRVO) and 244±29 µm (BRVO). Individual layer analysis revealed pronounced thinning in the IPL to ONL compartment. Change in BCVA at 6 months was similar between the groups (BRVO, +15 vs +18 letters; CRVO, +14 vs +18 letters). CONCLUSIONS In this exploratory analysis, we describe the characteristics of neuroretinal atrophy in RVO eyes with resolved macular oedema after ranibizumab therapy. Our analysis shows significant, predominantly retinal thinning in the IPL to ONL compartment in focal macular areas in 11% of patients with RVO. Eyes with retinal atrophy did not show poorer BCVA outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Podkowinski
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana-Maria Philip
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf-Dieter Vogl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems (CeMSIIS), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hrvoje Bogunovic
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bianca S Gerendas
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bilal Haj Najeeb
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian M Waldstein
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Mueller M, Gschwandtner ME, Gamper J, Giurgea GA, Kiener HP, Perkmann T, Koppensteiner R, Schlager O. Chronic inflammation predicts long-term mortality in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. J Intern Med 2018; 283:293-302. [PMID: 29068146 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical chronic inflammation could be the driving force behind the recently revealed association between abnormal nailfold capillaries as well as autoantibodies and long-term mortality in patients with incipient Raynaud's phenomenon. Whether laboratory markers that reflect a chronic inflammatory process are directly related to mortality in Raynaud's phenomenon is not known. METHODS In total, 2958 patients with incipient Raynaud's phenomenon without previously known connective tissue disease (CTD) were enrolled. At their initial presentation, laboratory tests for C-reactive protein (CRP), leucocytes, fibrinogen and the haemoglobin concentration were obtained. In addition, nailfold capillaries and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were assessed. Patients' mortality was recorded through a median follow-up period of 9.3 years. RESULTS Baseline CRP, fibrinogen and haemoglobin concentration were associated with long-term mortality in an individual analysis of patients with incipient Raynaud's phenomenon. In a multivariable model including patients' age, nailfold capillaries and ANA, a low haemoglobin concentration remained independently related to future mortality. Amongst potential predictors for mortality in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, a low haemoglobin concentration was most strongly related to patients' mortality risk. CONCLUSION In Raynaud's phenomenon, laboratory markers that can be attributed to a chronic inflammatory state independently yield prognostic information in addition to the presence of abnormal nailfold capillaries and ANA. Amongst all prognostic markers, the haemoglobin concentration is most strongly related to patients' mortality in Raynaud's phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mueller
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M E Gschwandtner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Gamper
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G-A Giurgea
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H P Kiener
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Perkmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Koppensteiner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Schlager
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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9
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Kraft F, Andel H, Gamper J, Markstaller K, Ullrich R, Klein KU. Incidence of hyperoxia and related in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective data analysis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:347-356. [PMID: 29210062 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation with oxygen is life-saving, however, may result in hyperoxia. The aim was to analyse the incidence and duration of hyperoxia burden and related in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients. METHODS Patients of all ages admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) and with mechanical ventilation for at least seven consecutive days were included in this single centre retrospective medical record audit. The main outcome measure was time-weighted arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) over 7 days. Logistic regression for association with in-hospital mortality and propensity score matching was performed. RESULTS In total, 20,889 arterial blood gases of 419 patients were analysed. Time-weighted mean PaO2 was 14.0 ± 2.4 kPa. Time-weighted mean FiO2 was 49.2 ± 12.1%. Seventy-six (18.1%) patients showed continuous hyperoxia exposure, defined as time-weighted mean PaO2 > 16 kPa. Duration of hyperoxia, hypoxia (PaO2 < 8 kPa) and normoxia (PaO2 8-16 kPa) were 37.9 ± 31.0 h (23.7%), 4.9 ± 9.5 h (3.1%), and 116.8 ± 29.6 h (73.2%). Hyperoxia occurred especially at low to moderate FiO2 in patients of first and second age quartiles (1-57 years) with smaller SAPS2 score. In-hospital mortality of patients with hyperoxia (32.9%) or normoxia did not differ (35.9%; P = 0.691). Conditional logistic regression showed no association between hyperoxia and in-hospital mortality (OR 1.46; 95%CI 0.72-2.96; P = 0.29). CONCLUSION Substantial hyperoxia burden was observed in ICU patients. Young patients with less comorbidities showed hyperoxic episodes more often, especially with lower FiO2 . Hyperoxia during 7 days of mechanical ventilation did not correlate to increased in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kraft
- Department of Anaesthesia; General Intensive Care and Pain Management; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - H. Andel
- Department of Anaesthesia; General Intensive Care and Pain Management; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - J. Gamper
- Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Markstaller
- Department of Anaesthesia; General Intensive Care and Pain Management; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Ullrich
- Department of Anaesthesia; General Intensive Care and Pain Management; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. U. Klein
- Department of Anaesthesia; General Intensive Care and Pain Management; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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10
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Hojreh A, Gamper J, Schmook MT, Weber M, Prayer D, Herold CJ, Noebauer-Huhmann IM. Hand MRI and the Greulich-Pyle atlas in skeletal age estimation in adolescents. Skeletal Radiol 2018; 47:963-971. [PMID: 29372277 PMCID: PMC5960481 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-017-2867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of hand MRI in age assessment in adolescents using the Greulich-Pyle (GP) atlas criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two radiologists, who were blinded to the study subjects' chronologic ages, semi-objectively evaluated 1.5-T MRIs of the left hands of ten patients (13.5 ± 2.6 years) who had left-hand radiographs and 50 healthy volunteers (15 ± 2 years). RESULTS A coronal T1-weighted, volumetric, interpolated, breath-hold examination with water excitation (T1 VIBE-3D-WE) achieved the best image quality. The correlation between estimated patients' ages on radiographs and MRI was high. The average estimated age difference between the MRIs and radiographs was -0.05 years for reader 1 and -0.175 years for reader 2. The interclass coefficients (ICCs) showed high interobserver agreement (radiographs: ICC = 0.95, MRI: ICC = 0.97). The ICC, calculated separately for the male and female volunteers' estimated ages by MRI, also showed a high agreement between the two readers (male: ICC = 0.97, female: ICC = 0.95). Reader 1 estimated 94% of volunteers within 2 standard deviations (SD) and 62% within 1 SD. The results for reader 2 were 92% and 54%, respectively. Thirty-nine percent of girls and 27% of boys were estimated to be older using 1 SD. CONCLUSION MRI of the left hand is a feasible alternative to hand radiographs for skeletal age estimation in adolescents using the GP criteria with 2 SD. Using 1 SD, the age of healthy volunteers tended to be estimated as higher than the chronologic age. Future studies should evaluate the results in a larger number of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hojreh
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria T. Schmook
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Prayer
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian J. Herold
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris-Melanie Noebauer-Huhmann
- Department of Biological Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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11
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Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Weingartshofer S, Grunt TW, Mairhofer M, Tan Y, Gamper J, Singer CF. Estradiol impairs the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect of Zoledronic acid in hormone sensitive breast cancer cells in vitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185566. [PMID: 28945801 PMCID: PMC5612728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zoledronic acid (ZA) has antiresorptive effects and protects from bone metastasis in women with early breast cancer. In addition, in postmenopausal women with endocrine responsive breast cancer ZA prolongs DFS. The exact mechanism is still unclear. We have therefore investigated the effect of increasing concentrations of ZA in breast cancer cell lines in the absence or presence of estradiol to mimic the hormonal environment in vitro. Materials and methods Using assays for cell proliferation (EZ4U, BrdU) and cell death (Annexin/PI), we have analyzed the dose-dependent antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of ZA in two hormone sensitive cell lines (MCF-7 and T47D) and a hormone insensitive, triple negative cell line (MDA-MB-231) in the presence of 0, 1 and 10 nM estradiol. Results In the absence of estradiol, ZA exerts dose-dependent antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic antitumor effects in both, hormone sensitive (MCF-7, T47D) and -insensitive (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines (p<0.0001). In the presence of estradiol, the antitumoral effect of ZA was significantly decreased only in the hormone sensitive MCF-7 and T47D cell lines (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.0008, respectively). Conclusion We have demonstrated that estradiol impairs the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect of ZA in hormone sensitive, but not in hormone insensitive breast cancer cell lines. Our findings provide a possible explanation for the differential effect of ZA on DFS in pre- and postmenopausal patients with hormone sensitive early breast cancer, which has been demonstrated clinically. We further hypothesize that endocrine insensitive tumors such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) should benefit from ZA irrespective of their menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Sigrid Weingartshofer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas W. Grunt
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center & Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Yen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston QLD, Australia
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Section for Medical Statistics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Haj Najeeb B, Simader C, Deak G, Vass C, Gamper J, Montuoro A, Gerendas BS, Schmidt-Erfurth U. The Distribution of Leakage on Fluorescein Angiography in Diabetic Macular Edema: A New Approach to Its Etiology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 58:3986-3990. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-21510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Haj Najeeb
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Simader
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabor Deak
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Vass
- Glaucoma Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Section for Medical Statistics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Montuoro
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bianca S. Gerendas
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
- Vienna Reading Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Charwat-Resl S, Yarragudi R, Heimbach M, Leitner K, Leutner M, Gamper J, Giurgea GA, Mueller M, Koppensteiner R, Gschwandtner ME, Kautzky-Willer A, Schlager O. Microvascular function in women with former gestational diabetes: A cohort study. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:214-220. [PMID: 28111976 DOI: 10.1177/1479164116683148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the long term, diabetes mellitus is potentially associated with the occurrence of microvascular damage. This study sought to assess whether a history of prior gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with long-term effects on the women's microcirculation. METHODS Within the scope of a long-term follow-up of the 'Viennese Post-Gestational Diabetes Project', women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus as well as women with previous pregnancy but with no history of gestational diabetes mellitus (controls) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Microvascular function was assessed by post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia using laser Doppler fluxmetry. Baseline perfusion, biological zero, peak perfusion, time to peak and recovery time were recorded and compared between both groups. RESULTS Microvascular function was assessed in 55 women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (46.1 ± 4.6 years) and 32 women with previous pregnancy but without prior gestational diabetes mellitus (42.9 ± 5.3 years). The mean period of time between delivery and the assessment of microvascular function was 16.2 ± 5.2 years in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus group and 14.2 ± 4.8 years in controls. Regarding microvascular function, baseline perfusion, biological zero, peak perfusion, time to peak and recovery time did not differ between women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus and controls (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In the long term, microvascular function appears not to be impaired in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Charwat-Resl
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- 2 Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | - Rajashri Yarragudi
- 3 Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Moritz Heimbach
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline Leitner
- 3 Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Leutner
- 3 Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- 4 Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgiana-Aura Giurgea
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Mueller
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael E Gschwandtner
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- 3 Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Schlager
- 1 Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Sigmund IK, Holinka J, Gamper J, Staats K, Böhler C, Kubista B, Windhager R. Qualitative α-defensin test (Synovasure) for the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection in revision total joint arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 2017; 99-B:66-72. [PMID: 28053259 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.99b1.bjj-2016-0295.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains demanding due to limitations of all the available diagnostic tests. The synovial fluid marker, α-defensin, is a promising adjunct for the assessment of potential PJI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative assessment of α-defensin, using Synovasure to detect or exclude periprosthetic infection in total joint arthroplasty. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 50 patients (28 women, 22 men, mean age 65 years; 20 to 89) with a clinical indication for revision arthroplasty who met the inclusion criteria of this prospective diagnostic study. The presence of α-defensin was determined using the qualitative Synovasure test and compared with standard diagnostic methods for PJI. Based on modified Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, 13 cases were categorised as septic and 36 as aseptic revisions. One test was inconclusive. RESULTS The Synovasure test achieved a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 94%. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 12.46 and 0.33, respectively. A good diagnostic accuracy for PJI, with an area under the curve of 0.82, was demonstrated. Adjusted p-values using the method of Hochberg showed that Synovasure is as good at diagnosing PJI as histology (p = 0.0042) and bacteriology with one positive culture (p = 0.0327). CONCLUSION With its ease of use and rapid results after approximately ten minutes, Synovasure may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:66-72.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Sigmund
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - J Holinka
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - J Gamper
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - K Staats
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - C Böhler
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - B Kubista
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - R Windhager
- Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Wien, Austria
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15
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Selb R, Eckl-Dorna J, Neunkirchner A, Schmetterer K, Marth K, Gamper J, Jahn-Schmid B, Pickl WF, Valenta R, Niederberger V. CD23 surface density on B cells is associated with IgE levels and determines IgE-facilitated allergen uptake, as well as activation of allergen-specific T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:290-299.e4. [PMID: 27372566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that the low-affinity receptor for IgE, CD23, plays an important role in controlling the activity of allergen-specific T cells through IgE-facilitated allergen presentation. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the number of CD23 molecules on immune cells in allergic patients and to investigate whether the number of CD23 molecules on antigen-presenting cells is associated with IgE levels and influences allergen uptake and allergen-specific T-cell activation. METHODS Numbers of CD23 molecules on immune cells of allergic patients were quantified by using flow cytometry with QuantiBRITE beads and compared with total and allergen-specific IgE levels, as well as with allergen-induced immediate skin reactivity. Allergen uptake and allergen-specific T-cell activation in relation to CD23 surface density were determined by using flow cytometry in combination with confocal microscopy and T cells transfected with the T-cell receptor specific for the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, respectively. Defined IgE-allergen immune complexes were formed with human monoclonal allergen-specific IgE and Bet v 1. RESULTS In allergic patients the vast majority of CD23 molecules were expressed on naive IgD+ B cells. The density of CD23 molecules on B cells but not the number of CD23+ cells correlated with total IgE levels (RS = 0.53, P = .03) and allergen-induced skin reactions (RS = 0.63, P = .008). Uptake of allergen-IgE complexes into B cells and activation of allergen-specific T cells depended on IgE binding to CD23 and were associated with CD23 surface density. Addition of monoclonal IgE to cultured PBMCs significantly (P = .04) increased CD23 expression on B cells. CONCLUSION CD23 surface density on B cells of allergic patients is correlated with allergen-specific IgE levels and determines allergen uptake and subsequent activation of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Selb
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina Neunkirchner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunomodulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Schmetterer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Marth
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- Section for Medical Statistics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beatrice Jahn-Schmid
- Division of Experimental Allergology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried F Pickl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunomodulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Mueller M, Gschwandtner ME, Gamper J, Giurgea GA, Charwat-Resl S, Kiener HP, Smolen JS, Perkmann T, Koppensteiner R, Schlager O. Relation of Nailfold Capillaries and Autoantibodies to Mortality in Patients With Raynaud Phenomenon. Circulation 2016; 133:509-17. [PMID: 26733605 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.017816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In incipient Raynaud phenomenon, nailfold capillaroscopy and autoantibody tests are obtained to screen for an emerging connective tissue disease. Whether the presence of abnormal nailfold capillaries and autoantibodies are related to mortality in patients with incipient Raynaud phenomenon is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS In 2958 consecutive patients (78% women, median age 45 years) with incipient Raynaud phenomenon without previously known connective tissue disease, nailfold capillaroscopy and laboratory tests for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and ANA subsets were obtained at initial presentation. During a median follow-up period of 9.3 years, 227 women (9.9% of female patients) and 129 men (20% of male patients) with Raynaud phenomenon died. In comparison with a demographically matched standard population, survival was poorer in patients with Raynaud phenomenon (log-rank test P<0.0001). In patients with Raynaud phenomenon, mortality was higher in men than in women (P<0.0001, Cox proportional hazards model). In women, the presence of abnormal nailfold capillaries, ANA, and anti-Scl-70 antibodies were related to an increase in all-cause mortality. The conjoint presence of abnormal nailfold capillaries and autoantibodies was associated with the highest mortality rates. In men, abnormal nailfold capillaries, and ANA and ANA subsets, as well, were not related to survival. In both sexes, patients' age and serum creatinine were associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS In Raynaud phenomenon, male sex, age, and serum creatinine are related to mortality. Abnormal nailfold capillaries and autoantibodies are associated with an increase in all-cause mortality in female patients, but not in male patients with Raynaud phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Mueller
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael E Gschwandtner
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Gamper
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgiana-Aura Giurgea
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Charwat-Resl
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans P Kiener
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef S Smolen
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Perkmann
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Schlager
- From Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine II (M.M., M.E.G., G.-A.G., S.C.R., R.K., O.S.), Center of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (J.G.), Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III (H.P.K., J.S.S.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine (T.P.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Müller CA, Markovic-Lipkovski J, Klatt T, Gamper J, Schwarz G, Beck H, Deeg M, Kalbacher H, Widmann S, Wessels JT, Becker V, Müller GA, Flad T. Human alpha-defensins HNPs-1, -2, and -3 in renal cell carcinoma: influences on tumor cell proliferation. Am J Pathol 2002; 160:1311-24. [PMID: 11943716 PMCID: PMC1867209 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The alpha-defensins human neutrophil peptides (HNPs)-1, -2, and -3 have been described as cytotoxic peptides with restricted expression in neutrophils and in some lymphocytes. In this study we report that HNPs-1, -2, and -3 are also expressed in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). Several RCC lines were found to express mRNA as well as the specific peptides of HNP-1, -2, and -3 demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, mass spectrometric, and flow cytometric analyses. At physiological concentrations HNPs-1, -2, and -3 stimulated cell proliferation of selected RCC lines in vitro but at high concentrations were cytotoxic for all RCC lines tested. As in RCC lines, alpha-defensins were also detected in vivo in malignant epithelial cells of 31 RCC tissues in addition to their expected presence in neutrophils. In most RCC cases randomly, patchy immunostaining of alpha-defensins on epithelial cells surrounding neutrophils was seen, but in six tumors of higher grade malignancy all tumor cells were diffusely stained. Cellular necrosis observed in RCC tissues in association with extensive patches of HNP-1, -2, and -3, seemed to be related to high concentrations of alpha-defensins. The in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that alpha-defensins are frequent peptide constituents of malignant epithelial cells in RCC with a possible direct influence on tumor proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A. Müller
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Jasmina Markovic-Lipkovski
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Tatjana Klatt
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Jutta Gamper
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Gerold Schwarz
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Hermann Beck
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Martin Deeg
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Hubert Kalbacher
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Susanne Widmann
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Johannes T. Wessels
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Volker Becker
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Gerhard A. Müller
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
| | - Thomas Flad
- From Department II,* Section of TransplantationImmunology and Immunohematology, Medical University Clinic, and theMedical and Natural Sciences Research Center,‡and the Children’s Hospital,¶ Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany; the Department ofNephrology and Rheumatology,§ Center ofInternal Medicine, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany;and the Medical Faculty,† Institute ofPathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
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Abstract
Most current model-based diagnosis formalisms and algorithms are defined only for static systems, which is often inadequate for medical reasoning. In this paper we describe a model-based framework plus algorithms for diagnosing time-dependent systems where we can define qualitative temporal scenarios. Complex temporal behavior is described within a logical framework extended by qualitative temporal constraints. Abstract observations aggregate from observations at time points to assumptions over time intervals. These concepts provide a very natural representation and make diagnosis independent of the number of actual observations and the temporal resolution. The concept of abstract temporal diagnosis captures in a natural way the kind of indefinite temporal knowledge which is frequently available in medical diagnoses. We use viral hepatitis B (including a set of real hepatitis B data) to illustrate and evaluate our framework. The comparison of our results with the results of HEPAXPERT-I is promising. The diagnosis computed in our system is often more precise than the diagnosis in HEPAXPERT-I and we detect inconsistent data sequences which cannot be detected in the latter system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gamper
- University of Hannover, Institut für Rechnergestützie Wissensverarbeitung, Hannover, Germany
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Gamper J, Flad T, Klatt T, Widmann S, Markovic-Lipkovski J, Halder T, Ganz T, Kalbacher H, Müller C. Expression of defensins in human renal cell carcinomas. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)86763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gamper J. Expression of defensins in human renal cell carcinomas. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)88603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gamper J, Halder T, Gnau V, Jung G, Meyer H, Hunt D, Kalbacher H, Müller C. Naturally processed HLA-DR bound peptides of fibroblast cell lines as facultative antigen-presenting cells. Hum Immunol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(96)84767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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