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Buono FD, Larkin K, Zempsky WT, Grau LE, Martin S. Understanding chronic pain in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 using the Neurofibromatosis Pain Module (NFPM). Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63541. [PMID: 38234177 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that can cause an individual significant chronic pain (CP). CP affects quality of life and daily functioning, yet there are limited effective treatments for CP within NF1. The current study describes the impact of CP using the Neurofibromatosis Pain Module (NFPM). The NFPM is a self-reported clinical assessment that evaluates the impact of CP across multiple domains (e.g., interference, severity, tolerance, and symptomology) and three prioritized pain regions. A cross-sectional study (N = 242) asked adults with NF1 to describe and rate their pain using the NFPM. The results indicated that they reported moderate pain severity (M = 6.6, SD = 2.0) on a 0-10 scale, that 54% (n = 131) had been in pain at least 24 days in the last 30, for 75% (n = 181) sleep was affected, and 16% reported that nothing was effective in reducing their CP for their primary pain region. The current results extend previously published work on CP within adults with NF1 and indicate that more emphasis on understanding and ameliorating CP is required. The NFPM is a sensitive clinical measure that provides qualitative and quantitative responses to inform medical providers about changes in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Buono
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - William T Zempsky
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Staci Martin
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Garakani A, Buono FD, Salehi M, Funaro MC, Klimowicz A, Sharma H, Faria CGF, Larkin K, Freire RC. Antipsychotic agents in anxiety disorders: An umbrella review. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024; 149:295-312. [PMID: 38382649 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although not approved for the treatment of anxiety disorders (except trifluoperazine) there is ongoing off-label, unapproved use of first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) for anxiety disorders. There have been systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of antipsychotics in anxiety disorders, most of which focused on SGAs. OBJECTIVE The specific aims of this umbrella review are to: (1) Evaluate the evidence of efficacy of FGAs and SGAs in anxiety disorders as an adjunctive treatment to traditional antidepressant treatments and other nonantipsychotic medications; (2) Compare monotherapy with antipsychotics to first-line treatments for anxiety disorders in terms of effectiveness, risks, and side effects. The review protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021237436). METHODS An initial search was undertaken to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses from inception until 2020, with an updated search completed August 2021 and January 2023. The searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), APA PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), and the Cochrane Library through hand searches of references of included articles. Review quality was measured using the AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) scale. RESULTS The original and updated searches yielded 1796 and 3744 articles respectively, of which 45 were eligible. After final review, 25 systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included in the analysis. Most of the systematic reviews and meta-analyses were deemed low-quality through AMSTAR-2 with only one review being deemed high-quality. In evaluating the monotherapies with antipsychotics compared with first-line treatments for anxiety disorder there was insufficient evidence due to flawed study designs (such as problems with randomization) and small sample sizes within studies. There was limited evidence suggesting efficacy of antipsychotic agents in anxiety disorders other than quetiapine in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). CONCLUSIONS This umbrella review indicates a lack of high-quality studies of antipsychotics in anxiety disorders outside of the use of quetiapine in GAD. Although potentially effective for anxiety disorders, FGAs and SGAs may have risks and side effects that outweigh their efficacy, although there were limited data. Further long-term and larger-scale studies of antipsychotics in anxiety disorders are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mona Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa C Funaro
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anna Klimowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Harshit Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Clara G F Faria
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - Rafael C Freire
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Boomer TP, Larkin K, Duncan LR, Fernandes CSF, Fiellin LE. A Serious Video Game Targeting HIV Testing and Counseling: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:252-259. [PMID: 37815773 PMCID: PMC10841098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents are the age group that is least likely to know their HIV status and may unknowingly transmit the virus to others. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of the original video game intervention, PlayTest!, on behavioral antecedents for HIV testing and counseling (HTC). METHODS Participants (N = 287 adolescents) were recruited between 2018 and 2020 and were 48% female, aged 14-18 years (mean age = 15.4 years), and 76% racial minorities. Participants were randomized 1:1 and assigned to either play PlayTest! or a set of control games, ∼one session per week for an hour per session over 4-6 weeks (gameplay) after school. The primary outcome measure was participants' attitudes around HTC at 6 months, with intentions, knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviors assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-six participants were enrolled/randomized; nine were withdrawn due to incomplete parental consent forms, leaving 287 participants: 145 were randomized to PlayTest! and 142 to the control condition. Mixed between-within subjects ANOVAs assessed the impact of the study conditions on outcomes. Improvements were seen in the PlayTest! group in HTC attitudes (p < .001), intentions (p < .001), knowledge (p < .001), and self-efficacy (p = .002) at all time-points. At 6 months, for those who had access to HTC (N = 134; prior to COVID-19) and for those who did not have access to HTC (N = 261; during COVID-19), there were no differences in self-reported HTC between the two groups (p = .289 and p = .074, respectively). DISCUSSION PlayTest! impacted important behavioral antecedents related to HTC and has the potential to broadly increase HTC rates in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyra Pendergrass Boomer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lindsay R Duncan
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia-Santi F Fernandes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lynn E Fiellin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut; Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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Perry R, Elek E, D'Amico E, Dickerson D, Komro K, Walton M, Razuri EB, Yule AM, Skinner J, Pendergrass T, Larkin K, Johnson C, Bonar EE, Oudekerk BA, Hairgrove S, Liu S, Graham P. Including Community Partners in the Development and Adaptation of Intervention Strategies to Prevent Initiation or Escalation of Opioid Misuse. Prev Sci 2023; 24:61-76. [PMID: 37526787 PMCID: PMC10830896 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Current literature lacks clear examples of how to engage with communities in the development of opioid misuse interventions for diverse populations and across various settings. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Helping to End Addiction Long-term® Initiative (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative (HPC) research projects work collaboratively with communities to develop and adapt their opioid misuse interventions to increase both feasibility and sustainability. Ten HPC projects were selected to receive NIH funding and are required to have partnerships with communities where their intervention is being conducted. This paper applies the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-adapted Public Participation Framework to examine the levels of community engagement used by each of these 10 HPC projects (Clinical and Translational Science Awards Consortium Community Engagement Key Function Committee Task Force on the Principles of Community Engagement, 2015). Using this framework, this paper illustrates the range of community engagement approaches and levels that the HPC projects rely on to develop, adapt, and adopt opioid prevention interventions across diverse populations and settings. This paper also lays a foundation for future examinations of the role of community engagement in intervention implementation and effectiveness and the level of community engagement that is necessary to improve intervention effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Perry
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, DC, 20005, Washington, USA.
| | - Elvira Elek
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, DC, 20005, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Kelli Komro
- Emory University and the Cherokee Nation, Atlanta & Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | - Amy M Yule
- Boston Medical Center and the Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Juli Skinner
- Emory University and the Cherokee Nation, Atlanta & Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | - Carrie Johnson
- RAND Corporation & University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | - Sara Hairgrove
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, DC, 20005, Washington, USA
| | - Shirley Liu
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, DC, 20005, Washington, USA
| | - Phillip Graham
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, DC, 20005, Washington, USA
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Buono FD, Larkin K, Pham Q, De Sousa D, Zempsky WT, Lalloo C, Stinson JN. Maintaining Engagement in Adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 to Use the iCanCope Mobile Application (iCanCope-NF). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3213. [PMID: 37370823 PMCID: PMC10296339 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition in which chronic pain is a predominant issue. Given the rarity of the disease, there are limited psychosocial treatments for individuals with NF1 suffering with chronic pain. Using mobile applications can facilitate psychosocial treatments; however, there are consistent issues with engagement. Utilizing a mixed methodology, the current study evaluated the customized iCanCope mobile application for NF1 on increasing engagement through the usage of contingency management. METHODS A mixed methods study from a subset of data coming from a randomized clinical trial that occurred from January 2021 to August 2022 was undertaken. Two groups (iCC and iCC + CM) were exposed to the customized iCanCope mobile application in which engagement data were captured in real-time with daily check-ins for interference, sleep, mood, physical activity, energy levels, goal setting, and accessing article content (coping strategies). Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain insight into the participants' experience at the end of the trial. RESULTS Adults (N = 72) were recruited via NF patient advocacy groups. Significant differences were noted between the groups in total articles read (p = 0.002), goals achieved (p = 0.017), and goals created (p = 008). Additionally, there were significant differences observed between user-generated goals and those that were app recommended (p < 0.001). Both groups qualitatively reported positive feedback on the customized mobile application, indicating that continued usage and engagement of the mobile application were acceptable. CONCLUSIONS Employing customized mobile applications for adults with NF1 along with contingency management can leverage self-managed pain treatments while providing auxiliary resources to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D. Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Quynh Pham
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (Q.P.); (D.D.S.)
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada;
| | - Diane De Sousa
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (Q.P.); (D.D.S.)
| | - William T. Zempsky
- Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics and Nursing, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Stores, CT 06032, USA
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada;
- The Research Institute, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
| | - Jennifer N. Stinson
- The Research Institute, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada
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Buono FD, Polonsky M, Marks A, Larkin K, Sprong ME. Work readiness and barriers to employment during COVID-19 for individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Work 2023; 76:1265-1273. [PMID: 37355921 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global COVID-19 pandemic has directly impacted individuals with rare diseases who are attempting to maintain or obtain employment. Individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 are especially at risk due to their disease. OBJECTIVE The current study compared the impact that generalized anxiety and quality of life had on work readiness and potential barriers that individuals with NF1 had in gaining and maintaining employment during the COVID-19 pandemic to a sample of healthy individuals using a moderating mediation analysis. METHODS A total of 213 individuals (105 NF1; 108 Healthy individuals) were recruited to complete a cross-sectional study in which a series of work-related assessments were completed. RESULTS Generalized anxiety had an indirect effect on work readiness, fully mediated by barriers, with higher anxiety associated with more barriers, in turn negatively correlating with work readiness; quality of life partially mediated the effect of barriers on work readiness and was negatively associated with the former and positively with the latter. CONCLUSION Quality of life was a mediator of the relationship between perceived employment barriers and work readiness for the healthy individuals group only. The results imply that anxiety and quality of life are significant mediators and require consideration in terms of evaluation and facilitation of employment maintenance and acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Asher Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew E Sprong
- School of Public Management and Policy, University of Illinois Springfield, Springfield, IL, USA
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Grau LE, Larkin K, Lalloo C, Stinson JN, Zempsky WT, Ball SA, Buono FD. Perspectives on adapting a mobile application for pain self-management in neurofibromatosis type 1: results of online focus group discussions with individuals living with neurofibromatosis type 1 and pain management experts. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056692. [PMID: 35840301 PMCID: PMC9295671 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder in which chronic pain commonly occurs. The study sought to understand the needs of individuals with NF1 and pain management experts when adapting a pain self-management mobile health application (app) for individuals with NF1. DESIGN We conducted a series of online, audio-recorded focus groups that were then thematically analysed. SETTING Online focus groups with adults currently residing in the USA. PARTICIPANTS Two types of participants were included: individuals with NF1 (n=32 across six focus groups) and pain management experts (n=10 across three focus groups). RESULTS Six themes across two levels were identified. The individual level included lifestyle, reasons for using the mobile app and concerns regarding its use. The app level included desired content, desired features and format considerations. Findings included recommendations to grant free access to the app and include a community support feature for individuals to relate and validate one another's experience with pain from NF1. In addition, participants noted the importance of providing clear instructions on navigating the app, the use of an upbeat, hopeful tone and appropriate visuals. CONCLUSIONS Both participant groups endorsed the use of iCanCope (iCC) as an NF1 pain self-management mobile app. Differences between groups were noted, however. The NF1 group appeared interested in detailed and nuanced pain tracking capabilities; the expert group prioritised tracking information such as mood, nutrition and activity to identify potential associations with pain. In tailoring the existing iCC app for individuals with NF1, attention should be paid to creating a community support group feature and to tailoring content, features and format to potential users' specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauretta E Grau
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer N Stinson
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Toronto SickKids, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William T Zempsky
- Department of Pediatrics and Nursing, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Pain and Palliative Care, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Samuel A Ball
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Garakani A, Freire RC, Buono FD, Thom RP, Larkin K, Funaro MC, Salehi M, Perez-Rodriguez MM. An umbrella review on the use of antipsychotics in anxiety disorders: A registered report protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269772. [PMID: 35709149 PMCID: PMC9202921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder (PD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), agoraphobia, and specific phobia, are among the most common psychiatric disorders. Although the traditional pharmacologic treatments for anxiety included barbiturates and then benzodiazepines, the introduction of tricyclic antidepressants, followed by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), marked a tidal shift in the treatment of anxiety. Although not approved for treatment of anxiety disorders (with the exception of trifluoperazine) there is ongoing off-label, unapproved use of both first-generation “typical” antipsychotics (FGAs) and second-generation or “atypical” antipsychotics (SGAs) for anxiety. Although there have been systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of antipsychotics in anxiety disorders, most of these reviews focused on SGAs, primarily the use of quetiapine in GAD. Given that there is little known about the potential benefits and short-and long-term risks of using antipsychotics in anxiety, there is a need for an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the use of both FGAs and SGAs in anxiety disorders. The specific aims of this study are as follows: (1) Evaluate the evidence of efficacy of FGAs and SGAs in anxiety disorders as an adjunctive treatment to SSRIs, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and other non-antipsychotic medications; (2) Compare monotherapy with antipsychotics to first-line treatments for anxiety disorders in terms of effectiveness, risks, and side effects; and (3) Evaluate the short- and long-term risks and side effects of prescribing antipsychotics in anxiety disorders. The review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021237436). Since data extraction has not begun, there is not preliminary data to share.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, CT, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rafael C. Freire
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank D. Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Robyn P. Thom
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, United States of America
| | - Melissa C. Funaro
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Mona Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Garakani A, Buono FD, Larkin K, Polonsky M, Goldberg JF. Development and validation of a new scale to measure chronic suicidal ideation: The Chronic Suicidal Ideation Inventory-5 (CSI-5). J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:160-164. [PMID: 35385817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about characteristics that differentiate acute from chronic suicidal ideation. Studies have been hampered by the lack of a formal operational definition or measurement tool for chronic suicidal ideation (CSI). We sought to adapt a standardized measure of obsessive-compulsive thinking to rate chronic suicidal ideation in a mood disorder inpatient cohort. METHOD We devised a novel self-report instrument, based on constructs related to obsessive-compulsive thinking and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), as applied to preoccupations with suicidal thoughts and their persistence over 24 months in a previously described cohort of 97 inpatients with mood disorder. Exploratory factor analysis and principal components analysis were used to establish the factor structure of the instrument, and Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were calculated to determine internal consistency of the scale. RESULTS Significant Pearson correlations with individual scale items and total CSI-5 scores were evident in relation to the 2-, 6-, 12- and 24-month periods preceding the index hospitalization. A one-factor solution explained 75% of the variance in total CSI-5 scores. Cronbach's alpha was 0.914, and McDonalds's omega was 0.916. CSI-5 scores were not significantly associated with current depression severity scores or actual past suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS This 5-item adaptation of Y-BOCS-type questions provides an internally consistent and reliable assessment of chronic suicidal ideation in patients with mood disorder. The integrated assessment of time occupied by suicidal thoughts, activity interference, associated distress, efforts to resist suicidal thoughts, and degree of control over suicidal thinking provides a cohesive framework for understanding chronic suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, CT, USA; Silver Hill Hospital, New Canaan, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Joseph F Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Buono FD, Lalloo C, Larkin K, Zempsky WT, Ball S, Grau LE, Pham Q, Stinson J. Innovation in the treatment of persistent pain in adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1): Implementation of the iCanCope mobile application. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 25:100883. [PMID: 35036627 PMCID: PMC8743203 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder presenting with chronic pain symptoms that has limited treatment options for addressing the pain. The utilization of a mobile application allows for greater reach and scalability when using empirically valid psychosocial self-management treatments for pain. The iCanCope mobile application has been utilized in several different populations dealing with pain symptoms and has demonstrated initial effectiveness. To address the need for this population, we have customized the iCanCope mobile application for the NF1 population and included additional tailored features. We describe the rationale and design of a pilot randomized control study with a sample of 108 adults with NF1, in which two groups will receive access to the mobile application, of which one group will be incentivized to engage in the mobile application and the third group will treatment as usual over the course of 8-week period with a six-week follow-up. Outcomes will focus on the acceptability of the iCanCope-NF mobile application within the NF1 population and the impact of pain related activity on psychometric evaluations to determine if the contingency management will impact the engagement of mobile application, as well as to identify the participants' experiences in relationship to their treatment satisfaction and perceived support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D. Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- The Research Institute, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William T. Zempsky
- The Francine L. and Robert B. Goldfarb-William T. Zempsky, MD Endowed Chair for Pain and Palliative Medicine, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Stores, CT, USA
| | - Samuel Ball
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauretta E. Grau
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Quynh Pham
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Global eHealth Innovation, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- The Research Institute, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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Buono FD, Larkin K, Rowe D, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Sprong ME, Garakani A. Intensive Dialectical Behavior Treatment for Individuals With Borderline Personality Disorder With and Without Substance Use Disorders. Front Psychol 2021; 12:629842. [PMID: 34497550 PMCID: PMC8419465 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) with comorbid substance use disorder can be challenging due to symptom overlap and limited assessment methods. Preliminary evidence has shown promising effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) for BPD with comorbid substance use disorders. The current study compared the benefits of a 28-day transitional DBT treatment program for individuals with BPD with and without substance use disorders through evaluating the changes in coping skills, generalized anxiety, and depression symptom scales at admission and discharge. A total of 76 patients were split into two groups: Group 1 consisted of individuals with BPD without substance use disorders (n = 41), and Group 2 involved individuals with BPD and a substance use disorder (SUD) (n = 35). A univariate general linear model showed significant differences between the two groups in improvement of coping skills and depressive symptoms. After a 28-day transitional DBT treatment program there were significant decreases from severe to moderate depression scores in both groups. Our findings support the effectiveness of DBT treatment in patients with comorbid BPD and SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Buono
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | - David Rowe
- Silver Hill Hospital, New Canaan, CT, United States
| | | | - Matthew E Sprong
- Department of Social Work and Counseling, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA, United States
| | - Amir Garakani
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Silver Hill Hospital, New Canaan, CT, United States.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Garakani A, Buono FD, Larkin K, Goldberg JF. Impact of Childhood Trauma Histories Versus Recent Trauma Symptoms on Affective Lability in Adult Bipolar Disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2021; 82. [PMID: 34406718 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.21br13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph F Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Corresponding author: Joseph F. Goldberg, MD, 128 East Ave, Norwalk, CT 06851
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13
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Garakani A, Murrough JW, Freire RC, Thom RP, Larkin K, Buono FD, Iosifescu DV. Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders: Current and Emerging Treatment Options. Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ) 2021; 19:222-242. [PMID: 34690588 PMCID: PMC8475923 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.19203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
(Appeared originally in Frontiers in Psychiatry 2020 Dec 23; 11:595584)
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Buono FD, Sprong ME, Paul E, Martin S, Larkin K, Garakani A. The mediating effects of quality of life, depression, and generalized anxiety on perceived barriers to employment success for people diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:234. [PMID: 34020694 PMCID: PMC8138923 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that presents with physical symptoms that can negatively impact numerous areas of one’s life, including occupational and psychological functioning, with decreased quality of life compared to a normative population. The purpose of the current study was to explore differences in the impact of psychological factors (anxiety and depression), quality of life and employment hope on barriers to successful employment between those with NF1 and matched controls. Methods A total of 212 individuals were stratified into two groups (NF1 and matched controls) using a cross-sectional design that collected a one-time response. Results A mediation analysis in which total barriers to successful employment on the differences between groups with quality of life, anxiety and depression as the mediators, and levels of employment hope as the co-variates were examined. The results confirmed a direct (.001) and indirect (< .001) relationship between barriers to successful employment with NF1 to matched controls, and with quality of life, anxiety, and depression. Conclusions The current findings indicate that the barriers to successful employment for individuals with NF1 impact their quality of life, anxiety, and depression more than that of the matched controls. Poorer barriers of employment observed amongst people with a genetic disease can impact mental health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | | | | | - Staci Martin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Garakani A, Buono FD, Larkin K, Goldberg JF. Parsing the effects of comorbid adult ADHD and substance misuse on affective lability in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:338-340. [PMID: 32056896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Attentional deficits, substance misuse, and affective lability are all common features among adults with bipolar disorder, but little research has attempted to parse their inter-relationships. METHODS Using standardized scales and semi-structured interviews, we evaluated adult ADHD features and affective lability in 113 dually-diagnosed mood/substance use disorder inpatients (mean age 32.6 years, 63% female) drawn from one private suburban academically affiliated inpatient treatment program. RESULTS 24% of bipolar subjects had above-threshold ADHD screens. Affective Lability Scale (ALS) total and subscores were significantly associated with ADHD scores (univariate r's ranging from 0.38-0.63). ALS total and most subscale scores were significantly higher among bipolar subjects having above- (versus below-) threshold ADHD ratings. Linear regressions to predict affective lability revealed significant partial correlations between bipolar diagnoses and ALS total, depression, elation, and anger subscores, while controlling for significant effects from ADHD comorbidity. Inclusion of current substances of abuse did not change goodness-of-fit. LIMITATIONS Subjects were drawn from a single private institution, potentially limiting generalizability. CONCLUSIONS Comorbid ADHD appears to moderate multiple domains of affective lability in bipolar disorder inpatients, independent of current substance misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Silver Hill Hospital, New Canaan, CT, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Joseph F Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States.
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16
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Garakani A, Murrough JW, Freire RC, Thom RP, Larkin K, Buono FD, Iosifescu DV. Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders: Current and Emerging Treatment Options. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:595584. [PMID: 33424664 PMCID: PMC7786299 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.595584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and a leading cause of disability. While there continues to be expansive research in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and schizophrenia, there is a relative dearth of novel medications under investigation for anxiety disorders. This review's first aim is to summarize current pharmacological treatments (both approved and off-label) for panic disorder (PD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and specific phobias (SP), including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), azapirones (e.g., buspirone), mixed antidepressants (e.g., mirtazapine), antipsychotics, antihistamines (e.g., hydroxyzine), alpha- and beta-adrenergic medications (e.g., propranolol, clonidine), and GABAergic medications (benzodiazepines, pregabalin, and gabapentin). Posttraumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder are excluded from this review. Second, we will review novel pharmacotherapeutic agents under investigation for the treatment of anxiety disorders in adults. The pathways and neurotransmitters reviewed include serotonergic agents, glutamate modulators, GABAergic medications, neuropeptides, neurosteroids, alpha- and beta-adrenergic agents, cannabinoids, and natural remedies. The outcome of the review reveals a lack of randomized double-blind placebo- controlled trials for anxiety disorders and few studies comparing novel treatments to existing anxiolytic agents. Although there are some recent randomized controlled trials for novel agents including neuropeptides, glutamatergic agents (such as ketamine and d-cycloserine), and cannabinoids (including cannabidiol) primarily in GAD or SAD, these trials have largely been negative, with only some promise for kava and PH94B (an inhaled neurosteroid). Overall, the progression of current and future psychopharmacology research in anxiety disorders suggests that there needs to be further expansion in research of these novel pathways and larger-scale studies of promising agents with positive results from smaller trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Silver Hill Hospital, New Canaan, CT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - James W Murrough
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rafael C Freire
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Robyn P Thom
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Dan V Iosifescu
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the rate of 72-hour letters (written requests for discharge, with 72 hours indicating the time the hospital has to discharge or seek retention) placed by voluntary psychiatric inpatients at a New York City hospital and determine whether there are factors contributing to the rates of discharge requests. Charts from all voluntary psychiatric hospitalizations during the calendar year 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Included were all single voluntary admissions by adults (age 18 years and older) to the hospital. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with the following factors: urine toxicology, cigarette use on admission, suicidal ideation upon presentation, employment, past inpatient psychiatric admission, and admission day. A linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between discharge requests and these factors. Of the total sample (N = 581), 119 (20.5%) patients submitted 72-hour letters. The stepwise linear regression analysis confirmed a positive relationship between letter placement and admission day (M = 3.5, SD = 1.7), unemployment (M = 4.7, SD = 2.1), suicidal ideation (M = .5, SD = .5), positive urine toxicology (M = .47, SD = .5), previous psychiatric hospitalization (M = .7, SD = .5) and cigarette usage (M = .5, SD.5) R2 = .043, (6, 461) = 3.42, p = .003). These specific variables accounted for 55.6% of likelihood of a patient submitting a 72-hour letter. Several factors, related to substance and tobacco use, employment, and recurrent use of inpatient services, likely contribute to requests for early discharge. Addressing these factors may help improve inpatient care, reduce costs and improve patient outcomes in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Garakani
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Silver Hill Hospital, 208 Valley Road, New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jacob M Appel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy S Aloysi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose M Martinez
- Dysautonomia Center, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Silver Hill Hospital, 208 Valley Road, New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA
| | - Frank D Buono
- Silver Hill Hospital, 208 Valley Road, New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Khan A, Goyal A, Somaiya V, Rathesh A, Sathiyamoorthy J, Larkin K, Currell SD, Nimmo AJ. Knowledge of Australian primary education providers towards dental avulsion injuries: a cross-sectional study. Aust Dent J 2019; 65:46-52. [PMID: 31660614 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of school professionals regarding the emergency management of dental avulsion. METHODS This cross-sectional study utilised a self-administered, pilot-tested questionnaire for school staff from primary schools. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis - the prevalence and univariate associations between a categorical outcome and the variables under consideration, were evaluated using Pearson's Chi-squared test. RESULTS This survey yielded a response rate of 43.5% (n = 313). Approximately 60% of participants held valid first-aid certificates and 23% had received avulsion advice previously. Over 80% of participants expressed an unwillingness to replant an avulsed tooth, and over 90% believed that there should be greater awareness in this area. This unwillingness to replant was influenced by respondents' age (x2 = 8.13 df = 3, P = 0.043) and receiving advice previously (x2 = 13.15, df = 1, P < 0.001). Under-preparedness was related to years of experience (x2 = 15.03, df = 5, P = 0.010), first-aid training (x2 = 6.41, df = 1, P = 0.011) and receiving advice previously (x2 = 43.47, df = 1, P < 0.001). It was also evident that first-aid training positively influenced appropriate dental referral in the management pathway (x2 = 10.49, df = 1, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study suggests that there is an inadequate level of knowledge on the appropriate management of dental avulsion injuries amongst primary school professionals in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khan
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Goyal
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - V Somaiya
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Rathesh
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Sathiyamoorthy
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Larkin
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - S D Currell
- Private Practice, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - A J Nimmo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
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Maakaron J, Zhao Q, Puto M, Von Derau R, Robinson J, Brammer J, Penza S, Baiocchi R, Christian B, Maddocks K, Saad A, Wall S, Benson D, Efebera Y, Rosko A, Ayyappan S, Grieselhuber N, Vasu S, Larkin K, Epperla N, Devarakonda S, Choe H, Chaudhry M, Blaser B, Blachly J, Bhatnagar B, Alinari L, Mims A, Jaglowski S, William B. PHASE I DOSE-ESCALATION STUDY OF VENETOCLAX PLUS BEAM FOLLOWED BY AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANT (ASCT) FOR CHEMORESISTANT, RELAPSED/REFRACTORY, OR HIGH-RISK NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA (NHL); PRELIMINARY RESULTS. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.213_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Maakaron
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - Q. Zhao
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - M. Puto
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - R. Von Derau
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - J. Robinson
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - J. Brammer
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Penza
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - R. Baiocchi
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - B. Christian
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - K. Maddocks
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - A. Saad
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Wall
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - D. Benson
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - Y. Efebera
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - A. Rosko
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Ayyappan
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - N. Grieselhuber
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Vasu
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - K. Larkin
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - N. Epperla
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Devarakonda
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - H. Choe
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - M. Chaudhry
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - B. Blaser
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - J. Blachly
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - B. Bhatnagar
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - L. Alinari
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - A. Mims
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - S. Jaglowski
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
| | - B.M. William
- Hematology; The Ohio State University; Columbus United States
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21
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Black SD, Hawk SN, Larkin K. Restricting oxygen supply to the prospective dorsal side does not reverse axis polarity in embryos of Xenopus laevis. Dev Genes Evol 2013; 206:147-52. [PMID: 24173467 DOI: 10.1007/s004270050040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During the first cell cycle, the prospective dorsal side of the embryo of Xenopus laevis becomes enriched in mitochondria relative to the ventral side. This differential distribution of mitochondria persists throughout early development, but it is not known if it is of functional significance, since there do not appear to be dorsal-ventral differences in metabolic rate. However, the unilateral anaerobiosis experiments of Landström and Løvtrup do suggest a role for energy metabolism in determining axis polarity. These experiments apparently show that restricting oxygen supply to the prospective dorsal side causes a reversal of dorsal-ventral axis polarity. We have reinvestigated this point using cell-marking techniques. We find that although gastrulation is initiated at the open end of the tube, the polarity of neural plate development is unaffected. Thus, definitive dorsal-ventral polarity is not affected by the experimental treatment, and it is unlikely that gradients of energy metabolism have a role in specifying axis polarity in X. laevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Black
- Department of Biology, Reed College, 3203 S. E. Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97202, USA, , , , , , US
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22
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Neiman M, Larkin K, Thompson AR, Wilton P. Male offspring production by asexual Potamopyrgus antipodarum, a New Zealand snail. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 109:57-62. [PMID: 22491063 PMCID: PMC3375405 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As only females contribute directly to population growth, sexual females investing equally in sons and daughters experience a two-fold cost relative to asexuals producing only daughters. Typically, researchers have focused on benefits of sex that can counter this 'cost of males' and thus explain its predominance. Here, we instead ask whether asexuals might also pay a cost of males by quantifying the rate of son production in 45 experimental populations ('lineages') founded by obligately asexual female Potamopyrgus antipodarum. This New Zealand snail is a powerful model for studying sex because phenotypically similar sexual and asexual forms often coexist, allowing direct comparisons between sexuals and asexuals. After 2 years of culture, 23 of the 45 lineages had produced males, demonstrating that asexual P. antipodarum can make sons. We used maximum-likelihood analysis of a model of male production in which only some lineages can produce males to estimate that ~50% of lineages have the ability to produce males and that ~5% of the offspring of male-producing lineages are male. Lineages producing males in the first year of the experiment were more likely to make males in the second, suggesting that some asexual lineages might pay a cost of males relative to other asexual lineages. Finally, we used a simple deterministic model of population dynamics to evaluate how male production affects the rate of invasion of an asexual lineage into a sexual population, and found that the estimated rate of male production by asexual P. antipodarum is too low to influence invasion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Neiman
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Acevedo-Gutiérrez A, DiBerardinis A, Larkin S, Larkin K, Forestell P. Social interactions between tucuxis and bottlenose dolphins in Gandoca-Manzanillo, Costa Rica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.5597/lajam00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy with an estimated incidence of 1/8000 births. The mutation responsible for this condition is an expanded CTG repeat within the 3' untranslated region of the protein kinase gene DMPK. Strong nucleosome positioning signals created by this expanded repeat cause a reduction in gene expression within the region. This "field effect" is further confounded by the retention of DMPK expansion containing transcripts, which acquire a toxic gain of function. Thus, the various manifestations exhibited by DM1 patients can be explained as a result of gene silencing, nuclear retention and sequestration of nuclear factors by the CUG containing transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Larkin
- Department of Genetics, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Larkin K. A self-calibrating phase-shifting algorithm based on the natural demodulation of two-dimensional fringe patterns. Opt Express 2001; 9:236-253. [PMID: 19421294 DOI: 10.1364/oe.9.000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new method of estimating the phase-shift between interferograms is introduced. The method is based on a recently introduced two-dimensional Fourier-Hilbert demodulation technique. Three or more interferogram frames in an arbitrary sequence are required. The first stage of the algorithm calculates frame differences to remove the fringe pattern offset; allowing increased fringe modulation. The second stage is spatial demodulation to estimate the analytic image for each frame difference. The third stage robustly estimates the inter-frame phase-shifts and then uses the generalised phase-shifting algorithm of Lai and Yatagai to extract the offset, the modulation and the phase exactly. Initial simulations of the method indicate that high accuracy phase estimates are obtainable even in the presence of closed or discontinuous fringe patterns.
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26
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Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The genetic basis of DM1 is the expansion of a CTG repeat in the 3' untranslated region of a protein kinase gene (DMPK). The molecular mechanism by which this expanded repeat produces the pathophysiology of DM1 remains unknown. Transcripts from the expanded allele accumulate as foci in the nucleus of DM1 cells and it has been suggested that these transcript foci sequester cellular proteins that are required for normal nuclear function. We have investigated the role of three RNA-binding proteins, CUG-BP, hnRNP C and MBNL, as possible sequestered factors. Using a combination of indirect immunofluorescence to detect endogenous proteins and overexpression of proteins with green fluorescent protein (GFP) tags we have shown that CUG-BP and hnRNP C do not co-localise with expanded repeat foci in DM1 cell lines. However, GFP-tagged MBNL does itself form foci in DM1 cell lines and co-localises with the foci of expanded repeat transcripts. GFP-tagged MBNL does not appear as foci in non-DM1 cell lines. This work provides further support for the involvement of MBNL in DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fardaei
- Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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27
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Larkin K, Danilchik M. Three-dimensional Analysis of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope Sections Reveals an Array of Microtubules in the Cleavage Furrow of Sea Urchin Eggs. Microsc Microanal 2001; 7:265-275. [PMID: 12597817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Our recent observation that microtubules (MTs) are required for completion of division (abscission) led us to analyze MT organization during cytokinesis. Although many studies of MTs in sea urchin eggs have been done, computer-aided analysis of optical sections described herein reveals a new MT assemblage, which we call furrow MTs. This assemblage comprises bundles of MTs that lie in the cleavage furrow. Furrow MTs become apparent when the furrow has progressed approximately one-third of the way through the egg and persist to abscission. Furrow MTs are 8-24-&mgr;m long and arc across the base of the cleavage furrow. Acetylated tubulin is localized primarily in the furrow suggesting a distinct MT population. Three-dimensional analysis of optical sections suggests that furrow MTs are spatially distinct from midbody and astral MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Larkin
- Department of Biological Structure and Function, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201
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Larkin K, Danilchik MV. Ventral cell rearrangements contribute to anterior-posterior axis lengthening between neurula and tailbud stages in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 1999; 216:550-60. [PMID: 10642792 DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1999.9495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies of morphogenesis in early Xenopus embryos have focused primarily on gastrulation and neurulation. Immediately following these stages is another period of intense morphogenetic activity, the neurula-to-tailbud transition. During this period the embryo is transformed from the spherical shape of the early stages into the long, thin shape of the tailbud stages. While gastrulation and neurulation depend largely on active cell rearrangement and cell shape changes in dorsal tissues, we find that the neurula-to-tailbud transition depends in part on activities of ventral cells. Ventral explants of neurula lengthen autonomously as much as the ventral sides of intact embryos, while dorsal explants lengthen less than the dorsal sides of intact embryos. Analyses of cell division, cell shapes, and cell rearrangement by transplantation of labeled cells and by time lapse recordings in live intact embryos concur that cell rearrangements in ventral mesoderm and ectoderm contribute to the autonomous anterior-posterior axis lengthening of ventral explants between neurula and tailbud stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Larkin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
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Abstract
Completion of cytokinesis, abscission, has been studied little despite the intensive studies of the onset and contractile mechanism of the earlier phases of division. It has been well documented that microtubule (MT) disruption before furrow stimulation prevents furrowing, while MT disruption after furrow stimulation allows division to proceed. We have confirmed those findings using the MT inhibitors, nocodazole and demecolcine. In addition, we have found that MT disruption after furrow stimulation but before completion of division prevents abscission as evidenced by the observation that prospective daughter cells in MT-disrupted eggs maintain electrical continuity. Continued observation of eggs revealed that the furrow in MT-disrupted eggs did not result in abscission, but rather held steady until the time when controls underwent second cleavage, at which point the furrows regressed. These findings extend the recent reports that MTs are required for completion of division in mammalian tissue culture cells and frog eggs, to invertebrates, suggesting a common mechanism of abscission for animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Larkin
- Department of Biological Structure and Function, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
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Larkin K, Schweizer M. Development of a yeast-based assay system for monitoring microsatellite instability. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999; 176:205-12. [PMID: 10418148 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple sequence repeats (microsatellites) are found in all eukaryotic genomes. Instabilities within these sequences have been associated with several human disorders including Huntington's chorea and myotonic dystrophy. Further studies have identified links between microsatellite instability, faulty mismatch repair and certain human cancers, in particular a form of hereditary colorectal cancer. The assay system described here consists of a congenic set of yeast strains mutated in DNA replication and mismatch repair genes and assay plasmids with which it is possible to measure differences in microsatellite stability in the range of 5-850-fold. The development of this technology will allow monitoring of environmental and dietary influences on the genomic stability in the context of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Larkin
- Genetics and Microbiology, Department, Institute of Food Research, Colney, Norwich, UK
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Abstract
Co(II) and Zn(II) binding constants have been measured for binding to the HIV-1 nucleocapsid N-terminal metal binding domain (residues 1-18), using competition titration methods and monitoring Co(II) binding by visible absorbance spectroscopy. Enthalpies for binding were directly measured by isothermal titration colorimetry. The results are compared with recent studies of related systems, including a study of Zn(II) binding by the full length protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- G McLendon
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA
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Danilchik MV, Brown EE, Larkin K, Ray K. Applications of confocal microscopy to study the roles of the cytoskeleton during early embryogenesis in amphibians. Microsc Microanal 1999; 5 Suppl 2:1076-1077. [PMID: 12143892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M V Danilchik
- Department of Biological Structure and Function, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3097, USA
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Abstract
In cleaving Xenopus eggs, exposure to nocodazole or cold shock prevents the addition of new plasma membrane to the cleavage plane and causes furrows to recede, suggesting a specific role for microtubules in cytokinesis. Whole-mount confocal immunocytochemistry reveals a ring of radially arranged, acetylated microtubule bundles at the base of all advancing cleavage furrows, from the first cleavage through the midblastula stage. We hypothesize that this novel microtubular structure is involved in transporting maternal stores of membrane in the subcortex to a site of membrane addition near the leading edge of the furrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Danilchik
- Department of Biological Structure and Function, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201-3097, USA
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Rockett JC, Larkin K, Darnton SJ, Morris AG, Matthews HR. Five newly established oesophageal carcinoma cell lines: phenotypic and immunological characterization. Br J Cancer 1997; 75:258-63. [PMID: 9010035 PMCID: PMC2063267 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1997.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The derivation of permanent cell lines from 40 resected oesophageal carcinomas has been attempted. Five long-term lines have been established from three adenocarcinomas, one mixed carcinoma and one squamous carcinoma. Molecular and cellular analyses have been carried out on the lines and clones derived from them. Karyotype analysis indicates genetic variation among the clones. HLA-A, -B and -C is expressed constitutively, but not HLA-DR. ICAM-1-expressing phenotypes may have arisen during adaptation to long-term culture. All lines are capable of response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and all produce transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). Two lines are resistant to the inhibitory growth effects of the latter, possibly contributing to malignancy. It is anticipated that these lines, originating from histologically different carcinomas, will provide a valuable, continuous resource for the investigation and treatment of these aggressive tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Rockett
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Abstract
To test whether gravity is required for normal amphibian development, Xenopus laevis females were induced to ovulate aboard the orbiting Space Shuttle. Eggs were fertilized in vitro, and although early embryonic stages showed some abnormalities, the embryos were able to regulate and produce nearly normal larvae. These results demonstrate for the first time that a vertebrate can ovulate in the virtual absence of gravity, and that the eggs can develop to a free-living stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Black
- Biology Department, Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA
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Ballard ME, Cummings EM, Larkin K. Emotional and cardiovascular responses to adults' angry behavior and to challenging tasks in children of hypertensive and normotensive parents. Child Dev 1993; 64:500-15. [PMID: 8477631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular, overt-motor, and verbal-reported responses to interadult emotional expressions, including anger, and to challenging task situations were examined in a sample of 49 10-14-year-old children of hypertensive (EH) and normotensive parents (NT). Sons of EH parents showed greater systolic blood pressure reactivity to interadult anger and to the digit span task than sons of NT parents. A consistent pattern was not found for girls. Marital distress and overt maternal anger expression predicted verbal-reported and overt-motor responses to interadult anger. Family history of EH and sex did not predict these responses. Implications include (a) heightened systolic blood pressure response to stress may be found in sons of EH parents before they are diagnosed to have EH disorders, (b) relations between family history of EH and cardiovascular response may be sex moderated, and (c) vulnerability to stress may be related to specific familial histories and backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Ballard
- West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040
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Masten AS, Garmezy N, Tellegen A, Pellegrini DS, Larkin K, Larsen A. Competence and stress in school children: the moderating effects of individual and family qualities. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1988; 29:745-64. [PMID: 3235488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the associations of stress exposure to various aspects of school-based competence in a normative sample of 205 children aged 8-13. Potential moderators of these relations, including child attributes of sex and IQ and environmental attributes of socioeconomic status (SES) and family qualities, were also studied. Stress exposure was indexed by a life event questionnaire. Competence was assessed by teacher ratings, peer assessments and school record data. Family attributes were derived from a set of rating scales completed by interviewers after 6 hours of interviews with a parent. Results suggest that the relations of stress exposure to competence vary as a function of individual differences as well as the competence criterion. Disadvantaged children, with lower IQ and SES, and less positive family qualities, were generally less competent and more likely to be disruptive at high stress levels. Advantaged children were more competent, and with stress positively engaged in school, but were not likely to be disruptive. Boys were less socially competent than girls and, when stress was high, appeared to be less protected by positive family qualities. Causal hypotheses for future research in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Masten
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455
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