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Ogata T, Sadakari Y, Nakane H, Koikawa K, Kanno H, Kohata R, Endo K, Tsukahara T, Shimonaga K, Kaneshiro K, Hirokata G, Aoyagi T, Tsutsumi C, Taniguchi M. The five-item modified frailty index predicts long-term outcomes in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:268. [PMID: 37626381 PMCID: PMC10463643 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty has been globally recognized as a predictor of adverse postoperative outcomes. Frailty assessment using the five-factor modified frailty index (5-mFI) has recently gained traction; however, long-term outcomes are unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. This study aimed to investigate whether the 5-mFI predicted long-term survival and cause of death on the basis of frailty severity in elderly patients who underwent CRC surgery and to determine the risk factors for mortality. METHODS A total of 299 patients underwent CRC surgery with curative intent between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients were divided into three groups by the 5-mFI score: group 1 (5-mFI: 0 or 1; n = 164): no frailty; group 2 (5-mFI: 2; n = 91): moderate frailty; and group 3 (5-mFI: ≥ 3; n = 44): severe frailty. Clinicopathological variables, namely comorbidities, 5-mFI, prognostic nutrition index, operative/postoperative data, and outcome, including cause of death, were compared between the three groups. To identify factors associated with death from CRC- and non-CRC-related causes, univariate and multivariate analyses using a Cox regression model were performed. RESULTS The immediate postoperative morbidity of patients with Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III complications (9.1%) in group 3 was not significantly different from that in group 1 (9.1%) or group 2 (14.3%); however, the 30-day mortality rate (4.5%) in group 3 was significantly higher. Long-term disease-free survival was similar between frailty groups, suggesting that CRC surgery provides oncological benefit to patients irrespective of frailty. The 5-year survival rates in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 83.5%, 71.2%, and 47.9%, respectively, showing a significantly lower survival rate as frailty advanced. Sixty percent of the deaths in frail patients were due to respiratory failure and cardiovascular diseases. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that advanced age, higher 5-mFI score, and longer postoperative hospital stay were risk factors for mortality unrelated to CRC. Multivariate analysis also revealed that advanced tumor stage, carcinoembryonic antigen ≥ 5 ng/ml, undifferentiated tumor, and R1 resection were risk factors for CRC-related mortality. CONCLUSIONS The 5-mFI score can predict postoperative short- and long-term outcomes and risk factors for mortality unrelated to CRC. Additionally, long-term survival was negatively associated with the 5-mFI score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Ogata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiko Sadakari
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakane
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koikawa
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kanno
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Ryo Kohata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Kayoko Endo
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Takao Tsukahara
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shimonaga
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Gentaro Hirokata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Takeshi Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Chiyo Tsutsumi
- Department of Medical Biostatistics, St. Mary's Hospital, 422 Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
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Kai M, Kubo M, Shikada S, Hayashi S, Morisaki T, Yamada M, Takao Y, Shimazaki A, Harada Y, Kaneshiro K, Mizuuchi Y, Shindo K, Nakamura M. A novel germline mutation of TP53 with breast cancer diagnosed as Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Surg Case Rep 2022; 8:197. [PMID: 36219266 PMCID: PMC9554102 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-022-01546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene and, when dysfunctional, it is known to be involved in the development of cancers. Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary tumor with autosomal dominant inheritance that develops in people with germline pathogenic variants of TP53. LFS frequently develops in parallel to tumors, including breast cancer. We describe a novel germline mutation in TP53 identified by performing a multi-gene panel assay in a breast cancer patient with bilateral breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kai
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.411248.a0000 0004 0404 8415Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sawako Shikada
- grid.411248.a0000 0004 0404 8415Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.411248.a0000 0004 0404 8415Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Yuka Takao
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuuchi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.411248.a0000 0004 0404 8415Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Shindo
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
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Takamiya R, Fukuda K, Katsurada N, Kawa Y, Satouchi M, Kaneshiro K, Matsumoto M, Hatakeyama Y, Dokuni R, Matsumura K, Katsurada M, Nakata K, Yoshimura S, Tachihara M. EP14.05-022 The Drug Induced Interstitial Lung Disease in Chemoimmunotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hayashi S, Kubo M, Matsuzaki S, Kai M, Morisaki T, Yamada M, Kaneshiro K, Takao Y, Shimazaki A, Nagayoshi K, Mizuuchi Y, Nakamura M. Significance of the Multi-gene Panel myRisk in Japan. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:4097-4102. [PMID: 35896222 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hereditary tumors are estimated to account for approximately 5-10% of all tumors. In Europe and the United States, multi-gene panel testing (MGPT) is the standard method used for identifying potential causative genes. However, MGPT it is still not widely used in Japan. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of hereditary tumors in Japanese cancer patients using germline MGPT and provide an overview of MGPT in the Japanese medical system. PATIENTS AND METHODS We used the myRiskTM, a 35-gene panel that determines the risk for eight hereditary cancers: breast, ovarian, gastric, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, malignant melanoma, and endometrial cancers. RESULTS From June 2019 to March 2020, 21 patients who were suspected to have hereditary tumors were included, based on their family or medical history. Pathogenic variants were found in 7 patients [BRCA1 (5), MSH6 (1), TP 53 (1)]. CONCLUSION In this study, despite the small number of participants, we were able to show the significance of MGPT in Japan. Therefore, MGPT should be used for evaluating hereditary tumors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; .,Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sawako Matsuzaki
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Takao
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kinuko Nagayoshi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuuchi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Shimazaki A, Kubo M, Kurata K, Takao Y, Hayashi S, Harada Y, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Yamada M, Kai M, Nakamura M. CCND1 Copy Number Variation in Circulating Tumor DNA from Luminal B Breast Cancer Patients. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:4071-4077. [PMID: 35896251 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Abnormalities in the cyclin D1-CDK4/6 complex have been implicated in breast cancer proliferation and resistance to treatment. Recently, new drugs have been developed to target CDK4/6. Meanwhile, liquid biopsy has received great interest in oncology. In this study, we analyzed cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) copy number variation (CNV) in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from luminal B breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 31 patients with luminal B breast cancer who underwent resection. We analyzed CCND1 CNV in ctDNA by digital droplet PCR. RESULTS Of the 31 luminal B breast cancers, CCND1 CNV was positive in 5 cases. Patients with CCND1 CNV positivity had significantly shorter recurrence-free survival than patients with negative CCND1 CNV. CONCLUSION CCND1 CNV in ctDNA was associated with poor prognosis in patients with luminal B breast cancer. This biomarker could be a useful prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;
| | - Kanako Kurata
- Department of Surgery, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Takao
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- Department of Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ogata T, Yoshida N, Sadakari Y, Iwanaga A, Nakane H, Okawara K, Endo K, Kaneshiro K, Hirokata G, Aoyagi T, Shima H, Taniguchi M. Colorectal cancer surgery in elderly patients 80 years and older: a comparison with younger age groups. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:137-148. [PMID: 35284116 PMCID: PMC8899744 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A reduction in complications and mortality can be observed over the last few decades among elderly patients in the early postoperative period for colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, but long-term outcomes are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes of elderly patients 80 years and older after CRC surgery in comparison with younger age groups. The influence of clinical, oncological, and physical parameters on outcome were retrospectively analyzed. METHODS A total of 346 patients underwent CRC surgery with curative intent between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients were divided into three age groups: younger than 60 (n=47), between 60 and 79 (n=218), and 80 and older (n=81). Clinicopathological variables including comorbidity, modified frailty index, prognostic nutrition index (PNI), operative/postoperative data, and outcome including cause of death were compared among age groups. To identify factors associated with death from CRC and other causes, univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were performed. RESULTS Immediate postoperative morbidity of patients with Clavien-Dindo grades of III or greater (16.0%) and the 30-day mortality rate (2.5%) of patients 80 years and older were not statistically different from those of younger age groups. Long-term disease-free survival was also similar among age groups, suggesting CRC surgery provides oncological benefit to patients irrespective of age. Multivariate analysis revealed that R1 resection, advanced tumor stage, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level of >5 ng/mL, undifferentiated tumor, and longer postoperative hospital stay were risk factors for CRC death. Long-term overall survival was significantly reduced in comparison to younger age groups. Seventy percent of deaths in elderly patients during follow-up were primarily from respiratory failure and cardiovascular disease. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that advanced age, frailty, low PNI, and open procedure were risk factors for other causes of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Elderly patients undergoing CRC surgery appeared to enjoy similar oncological benefits as younger age groups. Since both modified frailty index and PNI were correlated with mortality unrelated to CRC, preoperative assessment of these factors can be important for predicting outcome and selecting patients for prehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Ogata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Ayako Iwanaga
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakane
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okawara
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kayoko Endo
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Gentaro Hirokata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroji Shima
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yamada M, Kubo M, Yamamoto H, Yamashita N, Kai M, Zaguirre K, Kaneshiro K, Shimazaki A, Hayashi S, Kawaji H, Mori M, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Effect of the 2013 ASCO-CAP HER2 Testing Guideline on the Management of IHC/HER2 2+ Invasive Breast Cancer. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:4143-4149. [PMID: 34281885 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM With advances in anti-HER2 treatment and improved prognoses of HER2-positive breast cancer, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society of Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) have revised the HER2 diagnostic guidelines several times. We examined how to respond clinically to the revisions of the interpretation of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. PATIENTS AND METHODS We re-evaluated 254 patients diagnosed as HER2 IHC equivocal, who underwent fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) before and after the IHC diagnostic criteria update in 2013. RESULTS Twenty of 131 (15.3%) IHC equivocal cases by the ASCO/CAP 2007 guideline were IHC score 3+ and one of 20 (0.76%) was negative for FISH. Five of 123 (4.1%) IHC equivocal cases by the ASCO/CAP 2013 guideline were negative for IHC as per the 2007 guideline and four were positive for FISH. CONCLUSION After revision of the ASCO/CAP 2013 guideline, 3.3% of HER2-negative cases before the revision should have received anti-HER2 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Surgery and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Karen Zaguirre
- Institute of Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon, Philippines
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Sadakari Y, Yoshida N, Iwanaga A, Saruwatari A, Kaneshiro K, Hirokata G, Aoyagi T, Tamehiro K, Ogata T, Taniguchi M. The use of ultrasound in central vascular ligation during laparoscopic right-sided colon cancer surgery: technical notes. Tech Coloproctol 2021; 25:1155-1161. [PMID: 34095976 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete mesocolic excision (CME) with central vascular ligation (CVL) requires the surgeon to sharply dissect the mesocolon and approach the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) for ligation of the supplying vessels relating to right-sided colon cancer at their origin. Even with preoperative images, it can still be challenging to identify these structures during laparoscopic surgery because of various intraoperative conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) for identification of blood vessels during right-sided colon cancer surgery. METHODS We performed IOUS on 19 patients diagnosed with right-sided colon cancer at our institution, in January-October 2020. Preoperatively, a three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) angiogram was obtained for the majority of patients to visualize the SMA, SMV, and their respective branches. The running position of the ileocolic artery (ICA) and right colic artery (RCA) related to the SMV and the presence of the middle colic artery were identified and compared using preoperative 3D-CT, IOUS, and intraoperative findings. RESULTS Nineteen patients [seven men and 12 women with a mean age of 73.9 ± 8.4 years (range 58-82 years)] were studied, including some with a body mass index of > 30 kg/m2, locally advanced cancer, and severe adhesion. There were IOUSs that detected the SMA, SMV, and their tributaries in all patients. The positional relationships between the SMV and the ICA and RCA revealed by IOUS were consistent with the preoperative and intraoperative findings. CONCLUSION IOUS is a safe, feasible, and reproducible technique that can assist in detecting the branching of the SMA and SMV during CME with CVL in laparoscopic right-sided colon cancer surgery, regardless of individual conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sadakari
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - N Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - A Iwanaga
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - A Saruwatari
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - K Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - G Hirokata
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - K Tamehiro
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T Ogata
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
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9
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Zaguirre K, Kai M, Kubo M, Yamada M, Kurata K, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Harada Y, Hayashi S, Shimazaki A, Morisaki T, Mori H, Oda Y, Chen S, Moriyama T, Shimizu S, Nakamura M. Validity of the prognostication tool PREDICT version 2.2 in Japanese breast cancer patients. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1605-1613. [PMID: 33452761 PMCID: PMC7940221 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction PREDICT is a prognostication tool that calculates the potential benefit of various postsurgical treatments on the overall survival (OS) of patients with nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer. Once patient, tumor, and treatment details have been entered, the tool will show the estimated 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year OS outcomes, both with and without adjuvant therapies. This study aimed to conduct an external validation of the prognostication tool PREDICT version 2.2 by evaluating its predictive accuracy of the 5‐ and 10‐year OS outcomes among female patients with nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer in Japan. Methods All female patients diagnosed from 2001 to 2013 with unilateral, nonmetastatic, invasive breast cancer and had undergone surgical treatment at Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, were selected. Observed and predicted 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates were analyzed for the validation population and the subgroups. Calibration and discriminatory accuracy were assessed using Chi‐squared goodness‐of‐fit test and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results A total of 636 eligible cases were selected from 1, 213 records. Predicted and observed OS differed by 0.9% (p = 0.322) for 5‐year OS, and 2.4% (p = 0.086) for 10‐year OS. Discriminatory accuracy results for 5‐year (AUC = 0.707) and 10‐year (AUC = 0.707) OS were fairly well. Conclusion PREDICT tool accurately estimated the 5‐ and 10‐year OS in the overall Japanese study population. However, caution should be used for interpretation of the 5‐year OS outcomes in patients that are ≥65 years old, and also for the 10‐year OS outcomes in patients that are ≥65 years old, those with histologic grade 3 and Luminal A tumors, and in those considering ETx or no systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Zaguirre
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Kurata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mori
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taiki Moriyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,International Medical Department, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuji Shimizu
- International Medical Department, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Mizoguchi K, Kaneshiro K, Kubo M, Sadakari Y, Kimura Y, Higaki K, Ogata T, Taniguchi M. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast: a rare case. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33447858 PMCID: PMC7809084 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing tumors can cause leukocytosis despite an absence of infection. G-CSF-producing tumors have been reported in various organs such as the lung, esophagus, and stomach but rarely in the breast. We report a case of G-CSF-producing malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast. Case presentation An 84-year-old woman visited our hospital complaining of a lump in her left breast without fever and pain. Laboratory tests revealed elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and G-CSF levels. A malignant tumor of the breast was diagnosed by core needle biopsy. We performed a total mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The tumor was identified as a G-CSF-producing malignant phyllodes tumor. Within 7 days after surgery, the patient’s WBC count and G-CSF level had decreased to normal levels. She is alive without recurrence 13 months after surgery. Conclusions We encountered a rare case of G-CSF-producing malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast. PET–CT revealed diffuse accumulation of FDG in the bone. Phyllodes tumors need to be differentiated from bone metastasis, lymphoma, and leukemia. We must be careful to not mistake this type of tumor for bone marrow metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihisa Mizoguchi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of First Surgery, Kyusyu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sadakari
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Kimura
- Department of Pathology, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Koichi Higaki
- Department of Pathology, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ogata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, 422, Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
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Kawaji H, Kubo M, Yamashita N, Yamamoto H, Kai M, Kajihara A, Yamada M, Kurata K, Kaneshiro K, Harada Y, Hayashi S, Shimazaki A, Mori H, Akiyoshi S, Oki E, Oda Y, Baba E, Mori M, Nakamura M. Comprehensive molecular profiling broadens treatment options for breast cancer patients. Cancer Med 2020; 10:529-539. [PMID: 33274848 PMCID: PMC7877356 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology with next generation sequencing (NGS) using tumor tissue with or without blood has begun in Japan. Tumor molecular profiling tests are available, including the OncoGuide™ NCC Oncopanel System and FoundationOne® CDx (F1CDx). Our purpose was to identify potentially actionable genetic alterations in breast cancer with this comprehensive tumor profiling test. We enrolled 115 patients with pathologically diagnosed advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Comprehensive tumor genomic profiling, microsatellite instability, and tumor mutational burden (TMB) were determined using F1CDx. Testing was successful in 109/115 cases (94.8%). Clinically actionable alterations were identified in 76% of advanced breast cancer patients. The most frequent short variants were in TP53 (48.6%), PIK3CA (38.5%), GATA3 (11.0%), PTEN (11.0%), and BRCA1 (10.1%), and structural variants were in ERBB2 (24.8%), MYC (21.1%), RAD21 (21.1%), CCND1 (11.9%), FGF19 (10.1%), and PTEN (10.1%). Regarding human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 status, 106/109 samples (97.2%) were concordant between F1CDx and HER2 testing with immunohistochemistry/fluorescence in situ hybridization. However, ERBB2 amplification was newly detected in four samples and ERBB2 mutations were detected in five HER2‐negative breast cancer samples. Oncogenic BRCA mutations were found in three samples with F1CDx among 27 germline testing‐negative samples. The mean TMB in all samples was 6.28 mut/Mb and tended to be higher in luminal B and triple‐negative breast cancer (mean = 8.1 and 5.9 mut/Mb, respectively) compared with other subtypes. In conclusion, we established a system for precision oncology and obtained preliminary data with NGS as the first step. The information in this clinical sequencing panel will help guide the development of new treatments for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Kawaji
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kajihara
- Foundation Medicine Business Department, Foundation Medicine Unit, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Kurata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mori
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sayuri Akiyoshi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eishi Baba
- Department of Oncology and Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kurata K, Kubo M, Yuan Y, Harada Y, Morisaki T, Shimazaki A, Hayashi S, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Yamada M, Kai M, Nakamura M. Abstract P4-09-08: Tumor mutational burden in Japanese patients with triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p4-09-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become a new promising treatment in the field of cancer therapy. Therefore, it is important to identify predictors of effect for ICIs in breast cancers (BC). PD-L1 expression and the abundance of TILs were known to be related to tumor mutational burden (TMB). TMB is associated with clinical benefit to ICIs in patients with melanoma, lung and colon cancer. However, the significance of TMB is unclear in BC. In this study, we assessed TMB using the TruSightOncology 500 panel (TSO500) (Illumina, San Diego), which the US Food and Drug Administration had designated as a breakthrough device, and identify characteristics of higher TMB tumors in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most clinically aggressive subtypes.
Methods: This study included 30 patients with primary TNBC underwent resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. DNA was extracted from FFPE tissue. Next-generation sequencing assay was performed by using the TSO500. The DNA of 523 genes for assessment of small variants, as well as biomarkers related to response to immunotherapy, such as TMB and MSI. TMB was measured in synonymous and/or non-synonymous mutation (mut) per megabase (mb). Total TMB levels were divided into three groups: low (1-5 mut/mb), intermediate (int) (6-19 mut/mb), and high (≥20 mut/mb). PD-L1 were assessed in IHC staining and PD-L1 positivity was defined as PD-L1 expression in ≥1% of tumor cells. TILs were assessed in HE staining and TILs were defined as TILs-high for ≥50% stromal TILs and TILs-low for <50% stromal TILs.
Results: The median age of patients was 63 years old (range: 32-81). The median TMB was 8.56 mut/mb (2.35-14.22). Among the 30 tumors, 8 (26.7%) were TMB-low, 22 (73.3%) were TMB-int, and none was TMB-high. TMB-int tumors had more aggressive features than TMB-low tumors. In TMB-int tumors, nuclear grade 3 were 72.7%, high labeling index of Ki-67 (≥20%) were 54.5%, and PD-L1 positivity on tumor cells were 68.2%. Whereas, PD-L1 positivity were 25.0% in TMB-low tumors (p=0.03). TILs-high were 72.7% in TMB-int and TILs-low were 75.0% in TMB-low (p=0.02). Twelve patients in TMB-int (54.5%) and 1 patient in TMB-low (12.5%) were treated by anthracycline based chemotherapy as an adjuvant chemotherapy. Six patients with TMB-int had recurred within 5 years and 3 of them died. Meanwhile, no one with TMB-low had recurred and died.
Conclusions: Findings of our study demonstrated that higher TMB in TNBC might be a poor prognostic factor. We could expect this breakthrough device to be useful for the treatment strategy in patients with TNBC.
Citation Format: Kanako Kurata, Makoto Kubo, Yuan Yuan, Yurina Harada, Takafumi Morisaki, Akiko Shimazaki, Saori Hayashi, Hitomi Kawaji, Kazuhisa Kaneshiro, Mai Yamada, Masaya Kai, Masafumi Nakamura. Tumor mutational burden in Japanese patients with triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Kurata
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuan Yuan
- 2RIKEN GENESIS Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Harada Y, Kubo M, Mori H, Kai M, Yamada M, Kurata K, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Hayashi S, Shimazaki A, Morisaki T, Yamaguchi R, Arima N, Nishimura R, Okido M, Nakamura M. Abstract P1-10-21: PD-L1 expression of tumor infiltrating immune cells has potential as a biomarker in triple-negative breast cancers. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p1-10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
[background] In general, TNBC has a high distant metastasis rate and is highly aggressive. Despite good response to chemotherapy, it has a poorer prognosis compared to other subtypes. There is a need to develop new treatments for the selection of appropriate treatments. At present, treatments using an immune check point blockade are attracting attention, and the evaluations as biomarkers of and, PD-1 / PD-L1 expression on immune cells for therapeutic effects and prognosis in TNBC are controversial. In order to select patients with TNBC for who immunotherapy is likely to be effective, new biomarkers need to be explored.
[Purpose] Our aim is to investigate the possibility as a biomarker of PD-L1 expression on immune cells(PD-L1/IC) in TNBC. We also assess the relationship among PD-L1/IC, PD-L1 expression on tumor cells(PD-L1/TC) and TIL.
[Methods] This study included 248 patients with primary TNBC who underwent resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Kyushu University Hospital(Fukuoka, Japan) and related hospitals between January 2004 and December 2014.
[Results] PD-L1/IC was positive in 129 cases (52.0%) of 248 TNBCs. Although there was no significant difference in RFS and OS between the positive and negative groups, PD-L1/IC-positive and TIL-High group showed the best prognosis, considering the combination whether PD-L1/IC was positive or negative, and TIL was high or low. PD-L1/IC was significantly correlated with PD-L1/TC(p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant correlation between TIL rate and PD-L1/IC(p<0.001). Moreover, PD-L1/IC-positive group showed stronger therapeutic effects of anthracycline both in OS and RFS, compared with the PD-L1/IC-negative group.
[Conclusion] In TNBC, the relationship between PD-L1/IC and prognosis is still not clear, but in IMpassion130 trial, PD-L1/IC is a predictive marker for the effect of Atezolizumab. PD-L1/IC has potential as an immune biomarker in TNBCs. This study also found that PD-L1/IC was related to the therapeutic effect of anthracycline. PD-L1/IC may be a predictive marker of the efficacy of various treatments.
Citation Format: Yurina Harada, Makoto Kubo, Hitomi Mori, Masaya Kai, Mai Yamada, Kanako Kurata, Hitomi Kawaji, Kazuhisa Kaneshiro, Saori Hayashi, Akiko Shimazaki, Takafumi Morisaki, Rin Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki Arima, Reiki Nishimura, Masayuki Okido, Masafumi Nakamura. PD-L1 expression of tumor infiltrating immune cells has potential as a biomarker in triple-negative breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-10-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurina Harada
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mori
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Kai
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Kurata
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rin Yamaguchi
- 2Department of Pathology, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Arima
- 3Department of Pathology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Reiki Nishimura
- 4Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Okido
- 5Department of Surgery, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- 1Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kawaji H, Kubo M, Yamashita N, Harada Y, Shimazaki A, Hayashi S, Kurata K, Yamada M, Kaneshiro K, Kai M, Baba E, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Abstract P4-09-12: A prospective evaluation of comprehensive tumor profiling busing a targeted Next-generation sequencing for Japanese breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p4-09-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Oncogenic genetic alterations leading to identify patients who may benefit from the target therapy are essential biomarkers for them, and to review widely what kind of driver gene alteration that each cancer has is important for effective cancer treatments. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool to comprehensively analyze driver gene mutations. In Japan, some multiplex cancer genetic testings were covered from national health insurance from June, 2019. Therefore, we reviewed our data using a targeted NGS platform (FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx)) in Japanese breast cancer patients.
Methods: This study included 105 local advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients in Kyushu University Hospital between October 2018 and June 2019. We prospectively assessed NGS results, clinical characteristics and therapies received for the patients. Primary endpoint was a frequency at which actionable genetic alterations were detected, and coprimary secondary endpoints were the sequence success rate, the rate at which the corresponding therapeutic agent was administered, the percentage of agreement to results with approved in vitro diagnostic agents, and the overall survival. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of our hospital (No. 758-00).
Results: Samples from 105 breast cancer patients were tested, all of who were women. Then, 99 samples (94.3 %) were success for sequencing and 6 (5.7 %) were failure. Among the succeeded samples, tested from primary tumor is 71 (71.7 %) and metastasis is 34 (34.3 %), while 62 (62.6 %) were biopsied tumor specimen and 43 (37.4 %) resected. The clinical subtypes of them were 45 HR +/ HER2 - (45.5 %), 22 HER2+ (22.2 %), and 32 TNBC (32.3 %).
Based on the biomarker findings from F1CDx, microsatellite statuses in 97 samples were stable and 1 sample high, who was diagnosed with Lynch syndrome. Regarding tumor mutation burden (TMB), of 98 patients, 3 had high TMB (>19 mutations/mb), 31 had intermediate TMB (6-19 mutations/mb), 63 had low TMB (1-5 mutations/mb) and 1 were unable to be determinated. The average was 6.7 mutations/mb. The most frequent alteration is TP53 (54.5 %), PIK3CA (39.4 %) and ERBB2 (29.3 %). 87 patients (87.8 %) detected the alterations leading to some therapeutic options based on genetic profiling.
25 patients with metastases had taken genetic testing for BRCA1/2 germline mutation (gBRCA1/2mut), which isnamed BRACAnalysis. In all of 5 patients who had gBRCA1/2muts the same spot mutations were also detected with F1CDx. In 2 of 20 patients had negative gBRCA1/2mut, somatic BRCA1/2muts were newly detected with F1CDx. In 9 of the other patients had not taken the genetic testing, somatic BRCA1/2muts were founded.
18 tumors with HER2/Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) =3+ were judged as ERBB2 amplification, 3 tumors with HER2/IHC=2+ and HER2/FISH positive as low amplification, and 18 tumors with HER2/IHC=2+ and HER2/FISH negative as no amplification. Moreover, there are were 3 patients who newly confirmed ERBB2 amplification and 4 patients who confirmed ERBB2 mutations in this study.
Conclusions: The multiplex cancer genetic testing could help identify actionable alterations for the breast cancer patients. NGS results may add some new therapeutic options to standard therapies.
Citation Format: Hitomi Kawaji, Makoto Kubo, Nami Yamashita, Yurina Harada, Akiko Shimazaki, Saori Hayashi, Kanako Kurata, Mai Yamada, Kazuhisa Kaneshiro, Masaya Kai, Eiji Baba, Yoshinao Oda, Masafumi Nakamura. A prospective evaluation of comprehensive tumor profiling busing a targeted Next-generation sequencing for Japanese breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Kyushu University, Hikashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mai Yamada
- Kyushu University, Hikashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Masaya Kai
- Kyushu University, Hikashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Baba
- Kyushu University, Hikashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yoshida N, Aoyagi T, Kimura Y, Naito Y, Izuwa A, Mizoguchi K, Ishii K, Tanaka Y, Ohnishi E, Miura S, Shimamura S, Shirahama N, Kaneshiro K, Saruwatari A, Iwanaga A, Sadakari Y, Hirokata G, Ogata T, Taniguchi M. A rare case of symptomatic grossly-visible biliary intraepithelial neoplasia mimicking cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2019; 17:191. [PMID: 31711502 PMCID: PMC6849222 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-019-1737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) is often distinguished by what it is not: the precancerous lesions are not mass-forming, are not the cause of bile duct obstruction, and are small enough (less than 5 mm long) to evade detection by the naked eye. Here, we describe an atypical case of BilIN resembling cholangiocarcinoma (CC) that was large enough to be identified by diagnostic imaging and presented with obstructive jaundice caused by a hematoma in the common bile duct (CBD). Case presentation A 64-year-old man presented to our hospital with upper abdominal pain and anorexia. Initial laboratory examinations revealed increased total bilirubin and a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a dilated CBD. Gastroenterologists performed an endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), which revealed that the cause of obstructive jaundice was a hematoma in the CBD. Enhanced CT scan and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) performed after the hematoma was drained showed improved dilation of the CBD and an enhanced wall thickness of bile duct measuring 25 × 10 mm at the union of the cystic and common hepatic ducts. A cholangioscope detected an elevated tumor covered by sludge in the CBD, and we performed an extrahepatic bile duct resection and cholecystectomy. The postoperative course was uneventful and the pathological examination of the resected tumor revealed that although the ulcerated lesion had inflammatory granulation tissue, it did not contain the components of invasive carcinoma. Many consecutive intraepithelial micropapillary lesions spread around the ulcerated lesion, and the epithelial cells showed an increased nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, nuclear hyperchromasia, and architectural atypia. The pathological diagnosis was BilIN-1 to -2. Immunohistochemical staining showed that S100P was slightly expressed and MUC5AC was positive, while MUC1 was negative and p53 was not overexpressed. Conclusion We experienced an atypical case of BilIN mimicking CC that presented with obstructive jaundice caused by a hematoma in the CBD. Our case suggested that the occurrence of BilIN can be triggered by factors other than inflammation, and can grow to a size large enough to be detected by image analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Kimura
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Naito
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8300011, Japan
| | - Aya Izuwa
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Kimihisa Mizoguchi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Kota Ishii
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Yu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Emi Ohnishi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Shun Miura
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimamura
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Shirahama
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Akihiro Saruwatari
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Ayako Iwanaga
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sadakari
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Gentaro Hirokata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ogata
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Tsubukuhon-machi 422, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 8308543, Japan
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Kawaji H, Kubo M, Motoyama Y, Shimazaki A, Hayashi S, Kurata K, Yamada M, Kaneshiro K, Kai M, Nakamura M. Functional analysis of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in triple negative breast cancer focusing on granzyme B. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz238.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kaneshiro K, Sakai Y, Suzuki K, Uchida K, Tateishi K, Terashima Y, Kawasaki Y, Shibanuma N, Yoshida K, Hashiramoto A. Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α cooperatively promote cell cycle regulators and proliferate rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 48:353-361. [DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1602164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Kaneshiro
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Sakai
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Uchida
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Tateishi
- Department of Orthopedics, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Y Terashima
- Department of Orthopedics, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Y Kawasaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Shibanuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Hashiramoto
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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Mori H, Kubo M, Kai M, Yamada M, Kurata K, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Osako T, Nishimura R, Arima N, Okido M, Kishimoto J, Oda Y, Nakamura M. T-bet + lymphocytes infiltration as an independent better prognostic indicator for triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 176:569-577. [PMID: 31069590 PMCID: PMC6586701 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose T-box transcription factor 21 (T-bet), which is the master regulator of effector T-cell activation, is derived by stimulation of T-cell receptors. In this study, we focused on T-bet and examined the function of activated T cells. Methods This study included 242 patients with primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who underwent resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2004 and December 2014. The immunohistochemistry scoring for CD8 and T-bet expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was defined as ≥ 30 per 6.25 × 10−3 mm2. Results Of the 242 TNBC cases, CD8 was positively expressed in 127 (52.5%) tumors, and T-bet was positively expressed in 67 (27.7%) tumors. T-bet expression was significantly correlated with CD8 expression (p < 0.0001). Patients with T-bet+ tumors had longer overall survival (OS) compared with patients with T-bet− tumors (p = 0.047). The combination of CD8+ and T-bet+ was associated with a better recurrence-free survival (RFS) and OS compared to CD8+/T-bet− tumors (p = 0.037 and p = 0.024, respectively). Adjuvant chemotherapy provided significantly greater benefit to patients with T-bet+ tumors (p = 0.031 for RFS, p = 0.0003 for OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that T-bet expression on TILs was an independent and positive prognostic indicator (HR = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12–0.94, p = 0.037 for RFS, HR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.07–0.95, p = 0.039 for OS). Conclusions OS was significantly improved for patients with high T-bet-expressing TILs in TNBC. Thus, T-bet may be a predictive indicator for survival and various immunotherapy strategies in TNBC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-019-05256-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Mori
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kanako Kurata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawaji
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Osako
- Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, 3-2-65 Ōe Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8655, Japan
| | - Reiki Nishimura
- Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, 3-2-65 Ōe Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Arima
- Department of Pathology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, 3-2-65 Ōe Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8655, Japan
| | - Masayuki Okido
- Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, 3-3-1 Nagahama Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-8539, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Department of Research and Development of Next Generation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Kurata K, Kubo M, Mori H, Kawaji H, Motoyama Y, Kuroki L, Yamada M, Kaneshiro K, Kai M, Nakamura M. Abstract P1-06-11: Microsatellite instability in triple negative breast cancers. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-06-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a phenotype resulting from defect in mismatch repair genes. The Food and Drug Administration approved anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor for any solid tumor with MSI-high (MSI-H). Some tumors had good response to PD-1 blockade and it is a promising treatment for a part of refractory breast cancers. Our goal was to determine the frequency of MSI in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most clinically aggressive subtypes.
Patients and Methods:This study included 228 patients with primary TNBC underwent resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2004 and December 2014. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. Tumor and control DNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction at the following 5 microsatellite markers: NR-21, BAT-26, BAT-25, NR-24, MONO-27. We classified the tumors as microsatellite stable(MSS), MSI-low or MSI-H.
Results: The mean age of patients was 59 years (range: 30-89) and all were women. T1 tumors were 57.9% and N0 were 67.5%. Meanwhile, the tumors with nuclear grade 3 were 66.2% and high Ki-67 (> 30%) were 66.7%. Among the 228 tumors, 222 tumors (97.4%) revealed MSS, of which 6 (2.6%) revealed MSI and 2 (0.9%) were MSI-H. Among the MSI tumors, T and N factor were showed as follows: T1: 2 tumors, T2: 3 tumors, T3: 1 tumor, N0: 5 tumors and N1: 1 tumor. Of two MSI-H tumors, one showed T1N0 and another showed T2N0. The both of them showed nuclear grade 3, high Ki-67 (> 30%) and had common following instable markers: NR-21, BAT-26 and BAT-25.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the frequency of MSI-H was 0.9% (2/228). MSI might not be useful as a biomarker for immune check point inhibitors. MSI should be combined with another biomarker such as tumor mutational burden in TNBC.
Citation Format: Kurata K, Kubo M, Mori H, Kawaji H, Motoyama Y, Kuroki L, Yamada M, Kaneshiro K, Kai M, Nakamura M. Microsatellite instability in triple negative breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kurata
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Mori
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Kawaji
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Motoyama
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - L Kuroki
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kaneshiro
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Kai
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Mori H, Kubo M, Kai M, Kurata K, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Motoyama Y, Kuroki R, Yamada M, Nishimura R, Okido M, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Abstract P4-06-22: Transcription factor T-bet and PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-06-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Many analyzes regarding immunotherapies using checkpoint blockade has made it clear that tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) plays an important role in treating cancers with high levels of somatic mutations such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We reported the relationship between TILs and PD-L1 expression, and revealed that high-TILs/positive-PD-L1 expression population in TNBC was associated with better prognosis (Oncotarget 2017). However, its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Meanwhile, T-box transcription factor 21 (T-bet) which regulates effecter T-cells activation is derived by stimulation of T-cell receptor and IL-12. Activated T-cells work as antitumor lymphocytes by enhancing the production of cytokines such as INFγ. We focused on T-bet and examined the function of activated T-cells.
Patients and Methods: This study included 242 patients with primary TNBC who underwent resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our three hospitals between January 2004 and December 2014. The immunohistochemistry scoring for CD8 and T-bet expression on TILs was defined as ≥30 per 0.00625mm2. PD-L1 positivity was defined as ≥1% of tumor cells staining positive for PD-L1.
Results: Of the 242 TNBC, CD8 on TILs was expressed as positive in 127 (52.5%) tumors, T-bet on TILs was expressed as positive in 67 (27.7%) tumors, and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was expressed as positive in 99 (40.9%) tumors. T-bet expression was significantly correlated with CD8 expression (P<0.0001) and PD-L1 expression (P=0.0004). There was no significant difference in recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) regardless of CD8 or PD-L1expression level. Meanwhile, the patients with T-bet-positive tumors had a longer OS, compared to those with T-bet-negative tumors (P = 0.13 in RFS and P = 0.047 in OS). The multivariate analysis revealed that T-bet expression on TILswas an independent and positive prognostic factor for OS(HR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.1-0.9, P = 0.035).
Conclusion: OS was significantly longer among patients with high T-bet expressing TNBC. These results may validate the significance of T-bet as a biomarker for various immunotherapies in TNBC.
Citation Format: Mori H, Kubo M, Kai M, Kurata K, Kawaji H, Kaneshiro K, Motoyama Y, Kuroki R, Yamada M, Nishimura R, Okido M, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Transcription factor T-bet and PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mori
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Kai
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kurata
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Kawaji
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kaneshiro
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Motoyama
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R Kuroki
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Okido
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Oda
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Nakamura
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Breast Center, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Breast Center, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Hasimoto T, Yoshida K, Hashimoto N, Kaneshiro K, Nakai A, Kawasaki Y, Hashiramoto A. AB0248 Circulating Cell Free DNA; A Marker To Predict The Therapeutic Response for Biological Dmards in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Takayama K, Kaneshiro K, Tsutsumi S, Horie-Inoue K, Ikeda K, Urano T, Ijichi N, Ouchi Y, Shirahige K, Aburatani H, Inoue S. Identification of novel androgen response genes in prostate cancer cells by coupling chromatin immunoprecipitation and genomic microarray analysis. Oncogene 2007; 26:4453-63. [PMID: 17297473 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role as a transcriptional factor in prostate development and carcinogenesis. Identification of androgen-regulated genes is essential to elucidate the AR pathophysiology in prostate cancer. Here, we identified androgen target genes that are directly regulated by AR in LNCaP cells, by combining chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with tiling microarrays (ChIP-chip). ChIP-enriched or control DNAs from the cells treated with R1881 were hybridized with the ENCODE array, in which a set of regions representing approximately 1% of the whole genome. We chose 10 bona fide AR-binding sites (ARBSs) (P<1e-5) and validated their significant AR recruitment ligand dependently. Eight upregulated genes by R1881 were identified in the vicinity of the ARBSs. Among the upregulated genes, we focused on UGT1A and CDH2 as AR target genes, because the ARBSs close to these genes (in UGT1A distal promoter and CDH2 intron 1) were most significantly associated with acetylated histone H3/H4, RNA polymerase II and p160 family co-activators. Luciferase reporter constructs including those two ARBSs exhibited ligand-dependent transcriptional regulator/enhancer activities. The present study would be powerful to extend our knowledge of the diversity of androgen genetic network and steroid action in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takayama
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Goetze S, Kintscher U, Kim S, Meehan WP, Kaneshiro K, Collins AR, Fleck E, Hsueh WA, Law RE. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands inhibit nuclear but not cytosolic extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase-regulated steps in vascular smooth muscle cell migration. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001; 38:909-21. [PMID: 11707695 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200112000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration involves adhesion, locomotion, and invasion regulated by various signaling molecules, among which the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) play a critical role. We have shown that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligands troglitazone and rosiglitazone inhibit VSMC migration downstream of ERK MAPK. The purpose of the current study was to more specifically determine which step(s) in VSMC migration are targeted by inhibition of the ERK MAPK pathway or activation of PPAR-gamma. VSMC adhesion was not affected by the ERK MAPK pathway inhibitor PD98059 or PPAR-gamma ligands. Phosphorylation and activation of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) play important roles in cell locomotion. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced MLCK phosphorylation (1.7-fold) was completely blocked by PD98059 at 30 microM (p < 0.05), but not by troglitazone or rosiglitazone. PDGF-directed migration (5.8-fold) was inhibited by PD98059 (-88% at 30 microM) and the MLCK inhibitor ML9 (0.1-1 microM, -84% at 1 microM) (all p < 0.05). The transcription factor Ets-1 mediates matrix metalloproteinase induction required for tissue invasion by VSMC. PDGF (20 ng/ml) stimulated an Ets-1 protein expression (14-fold at 60 min) in VSMC, which was inhibited by PD98059 (-72% at 30 microM), troglitazone (-69% at 20 microM), and rosiglitazone (-54% at 10 microM) (all p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry of rat aortae 2 h after balloon injury showed a dramatic upregulation of Ets-1, which was markedly inhibited in animals that had received troglitazone treatment. In contrast, phosphorylated ERK MAPK was not affected by troglitazone. These data are consistent with PPAR-gamma ligands exerting their anti-migratory effects downstream of ERK MAPK activation by blocking nuclear events, such as Ets-1 expression, required for cell invasion in response to arterial injury.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/enzymology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromans/pharmacology
- Cytosol/enzymology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Graft Occlusion, Vascular/etiology
- Graft Occlusion, Vascular/metabolism
- Graft Occlusion, Vascular/pathology
- Ligands
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/agonists
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Rosiglitazone
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Thiazolidinediones
- Transcription Factors/agonists
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
- Troglitazone
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goetze
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Humboldt University Berlin and German Heart Institute Berlin, Augustenbergerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Goetze S, Kintscher U, Kaneshiro K, Meehan WP, Collins A, Fleck E, Hsueh WA, Law RE. TNFalpha induces expression of transcription factors c-fos, Egr-1, and Ets-1 in vascular lesions through extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2. Atherosclerosis 2001; 159:93-101. [PMID: 11689211 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Migration, proliferation and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and macrophages are important pathological responses that contribute to the development and progression of vascular lesions. Cytokines such as TNFalpha are present at sites of vascular injury and regulate a variety of cellular functions of inflammatory cells and VSMC. Cell migration, proliferation and differentiation require de novo gene transcription resulting from extracellular signals being transduced to the nucleus, where multiple genes are regulated to participate in lesion formation. In VSMC and macrophages, TNFalpha induces activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2), which transmit signals from the cytosol to the nucleus. Potential nuclear targets of TNFalpha-activated ERK 1/2 include the transcription factors Ets-1, Egr-1, and c-fos, which are known to regulate cellular growth, differentiation, and migration. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the transcription factors Ets-1, Egr-1 and c-fos in different types of vascular lesions, their regulation by TNFalpha and the role of ERK 1/2 in these signaling events. Atherosclerotic lesions from fructose-fed LDL-receptor deficient mice and neointimal lesions from rat aortae 2 weeks post balloon injury demonstrated the presence and colocalization of TNFalpha, phosphorylated and activated ERK 1/2, and transcription factors Ets-1, Egr-1 and c-fos. Neointimal lesions consisted primarily of VSMC, whereas atherosclerotic lesions predominantly contained macrophages. In cultured rat aortic VSMC, TNFalpha (100 U/ml) stimulated a rapid and transient expression of Ets-1, Egr-1 and c-fos with a maximal induction 1 h after stimulation. In cultured RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages, TNFalpha similarly induced the expression of Ets-1, Egr-1, and c-fos. Induction of these transcription factors was mediated via ERK 1/2 activation, since the ERK 1/2-pathway inhibitor PD98059 (10-30 microM) significantly inhibited their TNFalpha-induced expression. TNFalpha induced ERK 1/2 activation in both cell types. These findings underscore the importance of the ERK 1/2 pathway in the expression of TNFalpha-regulated transcription factors, which may participate in different forms of vascular lesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goetze
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Virchow Klinikum, Humboldt University Berlin and German Heart Institute Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Abstract
Intracellular transport is essential for morphogenesis and functioning of the cell. The kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) have been shown to transport membranous organelles and protein complexes in a microtubule- and ATP-dependent manner. More than 30 KIFs have been reported in mice. However, the nomenclature of KIFs has not been clearly established, resulting in various designations and redundant names for a single KIF. Here, we report the identification and classification of all KIFs in mouse and human genome transcripts. Previously unidentified murine KIFs were found by a PCR-based search. The identification of all KIFs was confirmed by a database search of the total human genome. As a result, there are a total of 45 KIFs. The nomenclature of all KIFs is presented. To understand the function of KIFs in intracellular transport in a single tissue, we focused on the brain. The expression of 38 KIFs was detected in brain tissue by Northern blotting or PCR using cDNA. The brain, mainly composed of highly differentiated and polarized cells such as neurons and glia, requires a highly complex intracellular transport system as indicated by the increased number of KIFs for their sophisticated functions. It is becoming increasingly clear that the cell uses a number of KIFs and tightly controls the direction, destination, and velocity of transportation of various important functional molecules, including mRNA. This report will set the foundation of KIF and intracellular transport research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Miki
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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27
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Hosokawa T, Kusugami K, Ina K, Ando T, Shinoda M, Imada A, Ohsuga M, Sakai T, Matsuura T, Ito K, Kaneshiro K. Interleukin-6 and soluble interleukin-6 receptor in the colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999; 14:987-96. [PMID: 10530495 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.1999.01989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has multiple immunological effects on a wide variety of cells and tissues. The expression of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) may be important to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS In the present study, we examined whether mucosal IL-6 and soluble IL-6R were associated with the pathophysiology of IBD using the colonic mucosal specimens obtained from patients with IBD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of IL-6 and sIL-6R in organ cultures of mucosal tissues and in cell cultures of fractionated mucosal cells as well as in the serum. Expression of IL-6 and IL-6R was analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis using freshly isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC). RESULTS The levels of IL-6 and sIL-6R in organ cultures were substantially elevated in patients with IBD, especially in those with histologically active inflammation. In contrast, considerably higher levels of sIL-6R were detected in patients with other types of colonic inflammation who were included as inflammatory controls, but elevation of IL-6 was less prominent in such patients. The positivity for expression of IL-6 and IL-6R mRNA in LPMC was in parallel with the results obtained in organ cultures. In cell cultures, mucosal macrophages were the main cell type producing both IL-6 and sIL-6R on a per cell basis and other cell fractions including colonic epithelial cells and lymphocytes produced substantially lower amounts of these molecules. The levels of IL-6 and sIL-6R in organ cultures, but not those in the serum, showed a significantly positive correlation with the degree of clinical disease activity in patients with IBD. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced IL-6/sIL-6R-mediated immune and inflammatory responses may be implicated, at least partly, in the continuation of intestinal inflammation in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hosokawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
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28
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Wada K, Sato Y, Kawashima M, Yamauchi M, Kaneshiro K, Kondo T. [Chemosensitivity test with endoscopic biopsy specimens]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1995; 22:671-7. [PMID: 7717720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In SDI test using tetrazolium salt, we compared MTT with XTT, which has been recently developed and is more sensitive than MTT. Further, a chemosensitivity test with endoscopic biopsy specimens using XTT was conducted. The reproducibility of the MTT assay was assessed under various conditions. The I.I of MTT assay did not vary according to type or concentration of anticancer drugs and the biopsy site of specimens. Then MTT and XTT assay were compared, revealing the results of these 2 assays were significantly correlated. Thus, XTT assay was performed with tissues from surgical specimens using biotome. Of the 16 specimens subjected to XTT assay, 6 showed an OD value of 0.100 or more, which was well within assessment. XTT assay was also performed in biopsy specimens from patients using a biotome manipulated under endoscopic guidance before operation. Three among 6 specimens showed an OD value of 0.100 or more. Our findings have demonstrated that the SDI test using XTT can be used for the chemosensitivity test, even when these specimens contain a relatively small number of cells collected using a biotome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wada
- Dept. of Surgery, Tokai Central Hospital
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29
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Hoikkala A, Kaneshiro K. Change in the signal-response sequence responsible for asymmetric isolation between Drosophila planitibia and Drosophila silvestris. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:5813-7. [PMID: 8516334 PMCID: PMC46813 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.12.5813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila planitibia and Drosophila silvestris form a species pair that is an example of species diverged through a founder event. These species exhibit asymmetric sexual isolation, courtships between D. planitibia males and D. silvestris females being more successful than courtships between D. silvestris males and D. planitibia females. When analyzing the signal-response courtship sequence in these species, we found that D. silvestris females responded to male circling by standing or preening while D. planitibia females required further signals from the male to stop walking. The main reason for the reduced mating success rate of D. silvestris males with D. planitibia females was that the females responded to male circling by walking and the males did not proceed to the head-under-wings (HUW) position of a walking female. Another critical phase in these courtships was the HUW position in D. silvestris, where males proceeded almost immediately to wing and leg vibration. The courtships between D. planitibia male and D. silvestris female proceeded in a signal-response coordination until the male went to the HUW position, where he fanned his wings for too long a period before proceeding to wing and leg vibration. Thus, it seems that the asymmetric isolation between D. planitibia (ancestral species) and D. silvestris (derived species) is mainly due to a loss of transitions in the signal-response chain of D. silvestris. A change in the behavior of the males in the HUW position has caused further isolation between the species in both directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hoikkala
- Hawaiian Evolutionary Biology Program, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu 96822
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30
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Hayakawa M, Morise K, Oka Y, Suga S, Suzuki T, Kaneshiro K, Tsunekawa H, Hayashi N, Umemura K, Yoshida H. [FEP and FAP combination chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Research Group for Gastric Cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1988; 15:3073-9. [PMID: 2847659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-six patients with unresectable gastric cancer, divided into two groups, were treated with combination chemotherapy of FEP (14 patients) or FAP (12 patients). The FEP regimen performed every 4 weeks was as follows: UFT 400 mg/m2 (p.o.) everyday, etoposide 50 mg/m2 (i.v.) and CDDP 30 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 1, 8 and 15. FAP regimen was performed every 4 weeks was: UFT 400 mg/m2 (p.o.) everyday, adriamycin 10 mg/m2 (i.v.) and CDDP 30 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 1, 8 and 15. In FEP group, (7 males and 7 females) the average age was 64 (range 53 to 75). Two patients were in PS 1, 4 in PS 2 and 8 in PS 3. In FAP group (7 males and 5 females) the average age was 55 (range 30 to 74). One patient was in PS 1, 5 in PS 2 and 6 in PS 3. No one in either group had prior chemotherapy. Response rates in FEP and FAP groups were 28.5% (4/14) and 33.3% (4/12), respectively. The median survival periods were 4.5 months in FEP group and 6.5 months in FAP group. As for side effects, myelosuppression appeared most frequently, being followed by alopecia and nausea, although the degree of alopecia was milder in FEP than in FAP. We conclude that new combination chemotherapies of either FEP or FAP are useful for advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayakawa
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital
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31
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Abstract
In Hawaii, flies of the genus Drosophila have undergone spectacular adaptive radiation, resulting in the evolution of more than 500 species of Drosophila that are found nowhere else on earth. This taxonomic uniqueness is reflected in behavior and morphology. Hawaiian Drosophila sing songs, as do continental Drosophila; however, the Hawaiian songs have diverged strongly in form and mechanism of production. The click-song of D. fasciculisetae's (Maui) has a carrier frequency an order of magnitude higher than those reported in familiar continental species, such as D. melanogaster (170 hertz). Drosophila fasciculisetae's song resembles a cicada's more than a fly's song. The song of D. cyrtoloma (Maui) has a complex pulse rhythm more typical of crickets than flies. The pulse song of D. silvestris (Hawaii) closely resembles that of D. melanogaster in both pulse rhythm and carrier frequency, but D. melanogaster sings by vibrating its wings, whereas D. silvestris sings through abdominal vibrations. These mechanisms are radical departures from the continental wing song mechanism and are further examples of the remarkable behavioral innovation that has occurred in the Drosophila of Hawaii during their evolutionary transit through these islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Hoy
- Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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32
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Kaneko H, Matsunami T, Niwa Y, Tanimura H, Fujii S, Fujii K, Kaneshiro K, Nishiwaki A, Mori H. [An autopsy case of malignant lymphoma of the pancreas]. Gan No Rinsho 1986; 32:299-304. [PMID: 3520043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Case reports of malignant lymphoma of the pancreas are extremely rare. We experienced a 36-year-old man with malignant lymphoma involving the pancreas associated with obstructive jaundice, confirmed by autopsy. It is very difficult to differentiate between pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatic malignant lymphoma. Age, icterus, diffuse pancreatic enlargement, pathological findings and tumor markers may be useful in suggesting lymphoma. Trials of positive biopsy, appropriate radiotherapy and chemotherapy are necessary in patients who may have malignant lymphoma of the pancreas.
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Sueda T, Hamanaka Y, Kaneshiro K, Taguchi K, Matsumura M. [Case of aortitis syndrome repaired by IMPRA arterial prosthesis]. Kyobu Geka 1982; 35:811-5. [PMID: 7176259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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