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Lupus dermal fibroblasts are proinflammatory and exhibit a profibrotic phenotype in scarring skin disease. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e173437. [PMID: 38358820 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are stromal cells known to regulate local immune responses important for wound healing and scar formation; however, the cellular mechanisms driving damage and scarring in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) remain poorly understood. Dermal fibroblasts in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience increased cytokine signaling in vivo, but the effect of inflammatory mediators on fibroblast responses in nonscarring versus scarring CLE subtypes is unclear. Here, we examined responses to cytokines in dermal fibroblasts from nonlesional skin of 22 patients with SLE and CLE and 34 individuals acting as healthy controls. Notably, inflammatory cytokine responses were exaggerated in SLE fibroblasts compared with those from individuals acting as healthy controls. In lesional CLE biopsies, these same inflammatory profiles were reflected in single-cell RNA-Seq of SFRP2+ and inflammatory fibroblast subsets, and TGF-β was identified as a critical upstream regulator for inflammatory fibroblasts in scarring discoid lupus lesions. In vitro cytokine stimulation of nonlesional fibroblasts from patients who scar from CLE identified an upregulation of collagens, particularly in response to TGF-β, whereas inflammatory pathways were more prominent in nonscarring patients. Our study revealed that SLE fibroblasts are poised to hyperrespond to inflammation, with differential responses among patients with scarring versus nonscarring disease, providing a potential skin-specific target for mitigating damage.
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The Simons Observatory: Cryogenic half wave plate rotation mechanism for the small aperture telescopes. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:024504. [PMID: 38385955 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
We present the requirements, design, and evaluation of the cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (CHWP) for the Simons Observatory (SO). SO is a cosmic microwave background polarization experiment at Parque Astronómico de Atacama in northern Chile that covers a wide range of angular scales using both small (⌀0.42 m) and large (⌀6 m) aperture telescopes. In particular, the small aperture telescopes (SATs) focus on large angular scales for primordial B-mode polarization. To this end, the SATs employ a CHWP to modulate the polarization of the incident light at 8 Hz, suppressing atmospheric 1/f noise and mitigating systematic uncertainties that would otherwise arise due to the differential response of detectors sensitive to orthogonal polarizations. The CHWP consists of a 505 mm diameter achromatic sapphire HWP and a cryogenic rotation mechanism, both of which are cooled down to ∼50 K to reduce detector thermal loading. Under normal operation, the HWP is suspended by a superconducting magnetic bearing and rotates with a constant 2 Hz frequency, controlled by an electromagnetic synchronous motor. We find that the number of superconductors and the number of magnets that make up the superconducting magnetic bearing are important design parameters, especially for the rotation mechanism's vibration performance. The rotation angle is detected through an angular encoder with a noise level of 0.07 μrad s. During a cooldown process, the rotor is held in place by a grip-and-release mechanism that serves as both an alignment device and a thermal path. In this paper, we provide an overview of the SO SAT CHWP: its requirements, hardware design, and laboratory performance.
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Ex Vivo Evaluation of Mucosal Responses to Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX of Non-Human Primates. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:187. [PMID: 35214645 PMCID: PMC8879115 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHPs) remain the most relevant challenge model for the evaluation of HIV vaccine candidates; however, discrepancies with clinical trial results have emphasized the need to further refine the NHP model. Furthermore, classical evaluation of vaccine candidates is based on endpoints measured systemically. We assessed the mucosal responses elicited upon vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX using ex vivo Rhesus macaque mucosal tissue explant models. Following booster immunization with ALVAC/AIDSVAX, anti-gp120 HIV-1CM244-specific IgG and IgA were detected in culture supernatant cervicovaginal and colorectal tissue explants, as well as systemically. Despite protection from ex vivo viral challenge, no neutralization was observed with tissue explant culture supernatants. Priming with ALVAC induced distinct cytokine profiles in cervical and rectal tissue. However, ALVAC/AIDSVAX boosts resulted in similar modulations in both mucosal tissues with a statistically significant decrease in cytokines linked to inflammatory responses and lymphocyte differentiation. With ALVAC/AIDSVAX boosts, significant correlations were observed between cytokine levels and specific IgA in cervical explants and specific IgG and IgA in rectal tissue. The cytokine secretome revealed differences between vaccination with ALVAC and ALVAC/AIDSVAX not previously observed in mucosal tissues and distinct from the systemic response, which could represent a biosignature of the vaccine combination.
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Immune responses in COVID-19 respiratory tract and blood reveal mechanisms of disease severity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2021:rs.3.rs-802084. [PMID: 34462740 PMCID: PMC8404907 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-802084/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the respiratory tract is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the ensuing immunopathology, respiratory immune responses are understudied and urgently needed to understand mechanisms underlying COVID-19 disease pathogenesis. We collected paired longitudinal blood and respiratory tract samples (endotracheal aspirate, sputum or pleural fluid) from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 controls. Cellular, humoral and cytokine responses were analysed and correlated with clinical data. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies were detected using ELISA and multiplex assay in both the respiratory tract and blood of COVID-19 patients, although a higher receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgM and IgG seroconversion level was found in respiratory specimens. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity in respiratory samples was detected only when high levels of RBD-specific antibodies were present. Strikingly, cytokine/chemokine levels and profiles greatly differed between respiratory samples and plasma, indicating that inflammation needs to be assessed in respiratory specimens for the accurate assessment of SARS-CoV-2 immunopathology. Diverse immune cell subsets were detected in respiratory samples, albeit dominated by neutrophils. Importantly, we also showed that dexamethasone and/or remdesivir treatment did not affect humoral responses in blood of COVID-19 patients. Overall, our study unveils stark differences in innate and adaptive immune responses between respiratory samples and blood and provides important insights into effect of drug therapy on immune responses in COVID-19 patients.
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A cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate mechanism for the POLARBEAR-2b cosmic microwave background receiver. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:124503. [PMID: 33380005 DOI: 10.1063/5.0029006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and laboratory evaluation of a cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (CHWP) for the POLARBEAR-2b (PB-2b) cosmic microwave background receiver, the second installment of the Simons Array. PB-2b will observe at 5200 m elevation in the Atacama Desert of Chile in two frequency bands centered at 90 GHz and 150 GHz. In order to suppress atmospheric 1/f noise and mitigate systematic effects that arise when differencing orthogonal detectors, PB-2b modulates linear sky polarization using a CHWP rotating at 2 Hz. The CHWP has a 440 mm clear aperture diameter and is cooled to ≈50 K in the PB-2b receiver cryostat. It consists of a low-friction superconducting magnetic bearing and a low-torque synchronous electromagnetic motor, which together dissipate <2 W. During cooldown, a grip-and-release mechanism centers the rotor to <0.5 mm, and during continuous rotation, an incremental optical encoder measures the rotor angle with a noise level of 0.1 μrad/Hz. We discuss the experimental requirements for the PB-2b CHWP, the designs of its various subsystems, and the results of its evaluation in the laboratory. The presented CHWP has been deployed to Chile and is expected to see first light on PB-2b in 2020 or 2021.
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Democratizing health system data to impact social and environmental health contexts: a novel collaborative community data-sharing model. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 42:784-792. [PMID: 31915811 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community health data are infrequently viewed in the context of social and environmental health determinants. We developed a novel data-sharing model to democratize health system data and to facilitate community and population health improvement. METHODS Durham County, the City of Durham in North Carolina, Durham health systems and other stakeholders have developed a data-sharing model to inform local community health efforts. Aggregated health system data obtained through clinical encounters are shared publicly, providing data on the prevalence of health conditions of interest to the community. RESULTS A community-owned web platform called the Durham Neighborhood Compass provides aggregate health data (e.g. on diabetes, heart disease, stroke and other conditions of interest) in the context of neighborhood social (e.g. income distribution, education level, demographics) and environmental (e.g. housing prices, crime rates, travel routes, school quality, grocery store proximity) contexts. Health data are aggregated annually to help community stakeholders track changes in health and health contexts over time. CONCLUSIONS The Durham Neighborhood Compass is among the first collaborative public efforts to democratize health system data in the context of social and environmental health determinants. This model could be adapted elsewhere to support local community and population health improvement initiatives.
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Internal Delensing of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization B-Modes with the POLARBEAR Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:131301. [PMID: 32302154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.131301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using only cosmic microwave background polarization data from the polarbear experiment, we measure B-mode polarization delensing on subdegree scales at more than 5σ significance. We achieve a 14% B-mode power variance reduction, the highest to date for internal delensing, and improve this result to 22% by applying for the first time an iterative maximum a posteriori delensing method. Our analysis demonstrates the capability of internal delensing as a means of improving constraints on inflationary models, paving the way for the optimal analysis of next-generation primordial B-mode experiments.
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Determination of Immunoglobulin G in Bovine Colostrum and Milk Powders, and in Dietary Supplements of Bovine Origin by Protein G Affinity Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/93.2.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An AOAC collaborative study was conducted to evaluate an affinity LC procedure for measuring immunoglobulin G (IgG) in selected dairy powders. The powders were extracted with 0.15 M sodium chloride solution and the pH was adjusted to 4.6 to precipitate caseins, which would otherwise lead to an overestimation of IgG. The analyte was then bound to a commercially available Protein G affinity cartridge and selectively eluted with a glycine buffer at pH 2.5. Detection was at 280 nm and quantification was made against a calibration curve prepared from bovine serum IgG. The samples analyzed included the likely matrixes for which this assay will find commercial use, namely, high- and low-protein-content colostrum powders, tablets containing colostrum powder, and some IgG-containing dairy powders; milk protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, and skim milk powder. Eleven laboratories provided data for the study and assayed blind duplicates of six materials. The repeatability RSD values ranged from 2.1 to 4.2 and the reproducibility RSD values ranged from 6.4 to 18.5. The Protein G method with casein removal has adequate reproducibility for measuring IgG in colostrum-derived powders that are traded on the basis of IgG content as a colostral marker.
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The POLARBEAR Fourier transform spectrometer calibrator and spectroscopic characterization of the POLARBEAR instrument. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:115115. [PMID: 31779409 DOI: 10.1063/1.5095160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) used for in-field testing of the POLARBEAR receiver, an experiment located in the Atacama Desert of Chile which measures the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. The POLARBEAR-FTS (PB-FTS) is a Martin-Puplett interferometer designed to couple to the Huan Tran Telescope (HTT) on which the POLARBEAR receiver is installed. The PB-FTS measured the spectral response of the POLARBEAR receiver with signal-to-noise ratio >20 for ∼69% of the focal plane detectors due to three features: a high throughput of 15.1 sr cm2, optimized optical coupling to the POLARBEAR optics using a custom designed output parabolic mirror, and a continuously modulated output polarizer. The PB-FTS parabolic mirror is designed to mimic the shape of the 2.5 m-diameter HTT primary reflector, which allows for optimum optical coupling to the POLARBEAR receiver, reducing aberrations and systematics. One polarizing grid is placed at the output of the PB-FTS and modulated via continuous rotation. This modulation allows for decomposition of the signal into different harmonics that can be used to probe potentially pernicious sources of systematic error in a polarization-sensitive instrument. The high throughput and continuous output polarizer modulation features are unique compared to other FTS calibrators used in the CMB field. In-field characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver was accomplished using the PB-FTS in April 2014. We discuss the design, construction, and operation of the PB-FTS and present the spectral characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver. We introduce future applications for the PB-FTS in the next-generation CMB experiment, the Simons Array.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) measurement has been shown to have prognostic value in acute trauma. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the association of prehospital EtCO2 and in-hospital mortality in trauma patients and to assess its prognostic value when compared to traditional vital signs. METHODS Retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients transported by a single EMS agency to a level one trauma center. We evaluated initial out-of-hospital vital signs documented by EMS personnel including EtCO2, respiratory rate (RR), systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), pulse (P), and oxygen saturation (O2) and hospital data. The main outcome measure was mortality. RESULTS 135 trauma patients were included; 9 (7%) did not survive. The mean age of patients was 40 (SD17) [Range 16-89], 97 (72%) were male, 76 (56%) were admitted to the hospital and 15 (11%) went to the ICU. The mean EtCO2 level was 18 mmHg (95%CI 9-28) [Range 5-41] in non-survivors compared to 34 mmHg (95%CI 32-35) [Range 11-51] in survivors. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for EtCO2 in predicting mortality was 0.84 (0.67-1.00) (p = 0.001), RR was 0.82 (0.63-1.00), SBP was 0.72 (0.49-0.96), DBP was 0.72 (0.47-0.97), pulse was 0.51 (0.26-0.76), and O2 was 0.64 (0.37-0.91). Cut-off values at 30 mmHg yielded sensitivity = 89% (51-99), specificity = 68% (59-76), PPV = 13% (6-24) and NPV = 99% (93-100) for predicting mortality. There was no correlation between RR and EtCO2 (correlation 0.16; p = 0.06). CONCLUSION We found an inverse association between prehospital EtCO2 and mortality. This has implications for improving triage and assisting EMS in directing patients to an appropriate trauma center.
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Virus-driven Inflammation Is Associated With the Development of bNAbs in Spontaneous Controllers of HIV. Clin Infect Dis 2017; 64:1098-1104. [PMID: 28158448 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the mechanism(s) by which broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) emerge naturally following infection is crucial for the development of a protective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although previous studies have implicated high viremia and associated immune activation as potential drivers for the development of bNAbs, here we sought to unlink the effect of these 2 parameters by evaluating the key inflammatory predictors of bNAb development in HIV-infected individuals who spontaneously control HIV in the absence of antiretroviral therapy ("controllers"). Methods The breadth of antibody-mediated neutralization against 11 tier 2 or 3 viruses was assessed in 163 clade B spontaneous controllers of HIV. Plasma levels of 17 cytokines were screened in the same set of subjects. The relationship of the inflammatory signature was assessed in the context of viral blips or viral RNA levels in peripheral blood or gastrointestinal biopsies from aviremic controllers (<50 copies RNA/mL) and in the context of viral sequence diversity analysis in the plasma of viremic controllers (<50-2000 copies RNA/mL). Results A unique inflammatory profile, including high plasma levels of CXCL13, sCD40L, IP10, RANTES, and TNFα, was observed in HIV controllers who developed bNAbs. Interestingly, viral load and tissue viremia, but not intermittent viral blips, were associated with these cytokine profiles. However, viral diversity was not significantly associated with increased breadth in controllers. Conclusion These results suggest that low antigenic diversity in the setting of a unique inflammatory profile associated with antigen persistence may be linked to the evolution of neutralizing antibody breadth.
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A Synoptic Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Aspects of Grapevine Leafroll Disease in a Historic Napa Vineyard and Experimental Vine Blocks. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2017; 107:418-426. [PMID: 27938242 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-16-0235-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Five Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) epidemics were analyzed utilizing a standardized approach to robustly characterize the temporal and spatial parameters. Published data included in the analysis are from Spain, New Zealand, and Napa Valley, CA together with new data from a historic vineyard in Napa Valley, CA. Linear regression analyses of logit-transformed incidence data indicated a maximum average increase of 11% per year in disease incidence, with considerable variation among locations. Spatial analyses, including distribution fitting, examination of the effective sample size, and evaluation of the parameters of the binary power law fitted to variance data for disease incidence, indicated a high degree of consistency among the data sets. In all cases, except at very low disease incidence, a high degree of spatial aggregation was noted, with evidence that the degree of aggregation varied as a function of mean disease incidence. The polyetic dynamics of disease follow a logistic-like pattern over multiple seasons, consistent with limitation by inoculum availability (infected vines) at low incidence and limitation by disease-free vines at high incidence.
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31P-NMR-spektroskopischer und kalorimetrischer Nachweis des Einflusses von Pr3+-Ionen auf den thermischen Phasenübergang von Phospholipid-Wasser-Systemen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1975-25664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elderly Veterans enrolled in VA Home Based Primary Care (HBPC) programs suffer from many diseases including malnutrition. Nutrition screening tools exist in the VA system but they are inconsistently utilized across ambulatory care programs and are neither research validated nor comparable with non-VA populations. The Mini-Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF) has been validated in international studies in a variety of settings. The primary aim of this study was to find the prevalence of malnutrition among Veterans enrolled in HBPC programs. The secondary objective was to determine the feasibility of adopting a validated nutrition screening tool (Mini-Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF)). METHODS 2252 veterans age 65 and older from 18 HBPC programs from across the country participated in the study. The study period was between April and September 2012. WinPepi (version 11.25) was used for descriptive analysis. RESULTS We found that the prevalence of malnutrition was 15% (344/2252) and the prevalence of at risk for malnutrition was 40.3% (909/2252). DISCUSSION The MNA-SF is an efficient nutrition screening tool and it can be successfully used for the elderly veterans. The prevalence of malnutrition among veterans was high compared to the community dwelling U.S. civilian elderly population. By preventing and treating malnutrition, health care systems should be able to reduce overall health care costs.
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A comparison of personality factors emerging within different English-speaking cultures. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Microbiome Composition and Function Drives Wound-Healing Impairment in the Female Genital Tract. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005889. [PMID: 27656899 PMCID: PMC5033340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism(s) by which bacterial communities impact susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as HIV, and maintain female genital tract (FGT) health are poorly understood. Evaluation of FGT bacteria has predominantly been limited to studies of species abundance, but not bacterial function. We therefore sought to examine the relationship of bacterial community composition and function with mucosal epithelial barrier health in the context of bacterial vaginosis (BV) using metaproteomic, metagenomic, and in vitro approaches. We found highly diverse bacterial communities dominated by Gardnerella vaginalis associated with host epithelial barrier disruption and enhanced immune activation, and low diversity communities dominated by Lactobacillus species that associated with lower Nugent scores, reduced pH, and expression of host mucosal proteins important for maintaining epithelial integrity. Importantly, proteomic signatures of disrupted epithelial integrity associated with G. vaginalis-dominated communities in the absence of clinical BV diagnosis. Because traditional clinical assessments did not capture this, it likely represents a larger underrepresented phenomenon in populations with high prevalence of G. vaginalis. We finally demonstrated that soluble products derived from G. vaginalis inhibited wound healing, while those derived from L. iners did not, providing insight into functional mechanisms by which FGT bacterial communities affect epithelial barrier integrity.
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Herausforderungen beim Datenhandling am Beispiel einer routinedatenbasierten und kassenübergreifenden Studie zur wissenschaftlichen Evaluation von Modellvorhaben nach §64b SGB V (EVA64). DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1586695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Geburtskohortenstudie EcoCare-PIn – Ergebnisse von Sekundärdatenanalysen zur Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Versorgungsleistungen bei Frühgeborenen mit dem Schwerpunkt regionaler Versorgungsunterschiede. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1586622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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OP89 Quantifying bias due to regression to the mean in lifecourse analysis. Br J Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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P19 Incorporating time-invariant confounders into residual increase models. Br J Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Langfristige gesundheitliche und monetäre Folgen von Frühgeburt – eine prospektive Kohortenstudie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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How do tissue infiltrating B cells correlate with other inflammatory features in muscle tissue from patients with JDM and their clinical parameters? Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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A Novel Dietary Intervention to Reduce Chronic Inflammation in Postmenopausal Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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A MEASUREMENT OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUNDB-MODE POLARIZATION POWER SPECTRUM AT SUB-DEGREE SCALES WITH POLARBEAR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/794/2/171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Mucosal Proteomic Profiles Associated with Female Genital Tract Inflammation. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5517.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Mucosal Integrity Factors Are Perturbed during Bacterial Vaginosis: A Proteomic Analysis. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5046.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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An Inflammatory Profile that Predicts the Development of Neutralizing Antibody Breadth. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5057.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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CABOZANTINIB IS EFFECTIVE IN A SUBSET OF XENOGRAFT GBM TUMORS AND AFFECTS MULTIPLE SIGNALING PATHWAYS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou208.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization lensing power spectrum with the POLARBEAR experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:021301. [PMID: 25062161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gravitational lensing due to the large-scale distribution of matter in the cosmos distorts the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) and thereby induces new, small-scale B-mode polarization. This signal carries detailed information about the distribution of all the gravitating matter between the observer and CMB last scattering surface. We report the first direct evidence for polarization lensing based on purely CMB information, from using the four-point correlations of even- and odd-parity E- and B-mode polarization mapped over ∼30 square degrees of the sky measured by the POLARBEAR experiment. These data were analyzed using a blind analysis framework and checked for spurious systematic contamination using null tests and simulations. Evidence for the signal of polarization lensing and lensing B modes is found at 4.2σ (stat+sys) significance. The amplitude of matter fluctuations is measured with a precision of 27%, and is found to be consistent with the Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model. This measurement demonstrates a new technique, capable of mapping all gravitating matter in the Universe, sensitive to the sum of neutrino masses, and essential for cleaning the lensing B-mode signal in searches for primordial gravitational waves.
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Evidence for gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background polarization from cross-correlation with the cosmic infrared background. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:131302. [PMID: 24745402 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.131302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We reconstruct the gravitational lensing convergence signal from cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization data taken by the Polarbear experiment and cross-correlate it with cosmic infrared background maps from the Herschel satellite. From the cross spectra, we obtain evidence for gravitational lensing of the CMB polarization at a statistical significance of 4.0σ and indication of the presence of a lensing B-mode signal at a significance of 2.3σ. We demonstrate that our results are not biased by instrumental and astrophysical systematic errors by performing null tests, checks with simulated and real data, and analytical calculations. This measurement of polarization lensing, made via the robust cross-correlation channel, not only reinforces POLARBEAR auto-correlation measurements, but also represents one of the early steps towards establishing CMB polarization lensing as a powerful new probe of cosmology and astrophysics.
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PReS-FINAL-2130: Antibodies to MDA5 correlate with a distinct phenotype in children with juvenile dermatomyositis, including higher risk of lung involvement and ulcerative skin disease. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2013. [PMCID: PMC4044063 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-11-s2-p142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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PReS-FINAL-1020: Dysregulation of the peripheral blood D cell compartment is associated with disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2013. [PMCID: PMC4042384 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-11-s2-o3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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[Psychosocial interventions in severe mental illness: evidence and recommendations: psychoeducation, social skill training and exercise]. DER NERVENARZT 2012; 83:847-54. [PMID: 22729513 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the results of a systematic literature search on three widely used psychosocial interventions for people with severe mental illness: psychoeducation for patients and relatives, social skill training and physical exercise. Based on this evidence, recommendations given in the S3 guidelines on psychosocial therapies in severe mental illness of the German Society for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Neurology (DGPPN) will be reported. Areas of future research are identified.
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Abstract
Arts therapies are widely used treatment strategies for people with severe mental illness. Generally, only a few randomized trials are available, however, the studies show that additional use of arts therapies reduces the appearance of negative symptoms among people with schizophrenia. The most significant evidence can be seen with music therapy. The treatment of severe depression has shown that additional music therapy improves depression. The S3 guidelines on psychosocial therapies in severe mental illness of the Germany Society for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Neurology (DGPPN) recommended arts therapies are with recommendation level B.
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BSPAR ANNUAL CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS * Oral presentations * O1. The impact of modern management on outcomes of JIA compared with healthy controls. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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BSPAR ANNUAL CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS * Oral presentations * O1. The impact of modern management on outcomes of JIA compared with healthy controls. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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38
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Entwicklung der allgemeinen und Mundgesundheit bei Erfurter Vorschulkindern. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1307334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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The Structural Biology Knowledgebase – structures, functions, methods and more. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311085953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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40
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Five signs you may have joined the wrong practice. FAMILY PRACTICE MANAGEMENT 2011; 18:44. [PMID: 21842830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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41
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Integrierte Treibhausgasbewertung der Prozessketten von Erdgas und industriellem Biomethan in Deutschland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12302-010-0125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Determination of immunoglobulin G in bovine colostrum and milk powders, and in dietary supplements of bovine origin by protein G affinity liquid chromatography: collaborative study. J AOAC Int 2010; 93:622-627. [PMID: 20480910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An AOAC collaborative study was conducted to evaluate an affinity LC procedure for measuring immunoglobulin G (IgG) in selected dairy powders. The powders were extracted with 0.15 M sodium chloride solution and the pH was adjusted to 4.6 to precipitate caseins, which would otherwise lead to an overestimation of IgG. The analyte was then bound to a commercially available Protein G affinity cartridge and selectively eluted with a glycine buffer at pH 2.5. Detection was at 280 nm and quantification was made against a calibration curve prepared from bovine serum IgG. The samples analyzed included the likely matrixes for which this assay will find commercial use, namely, high- and low-protein-content colostrum powders, tablets containing colostrum powder, and some IgG-containing dairy powders; milk protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, and skim milk powder. Eleven laboratories provided data for the study and assayed blind duplicates of six materials. The repeatability RSD values ranged from 2.1 to 4.2% and the reproducibility RSD values ranged from 6.4 to 18.5%. The Protein G method with casein removal has adequate reproducibility for measuring IgG in colostrum-derived powders that are traded on the basis of IgG content as a colostral marker.
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Changing gear: transitions in substance misuse. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/14659890009053049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Treatment disparities in women ≥70 years old with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.9545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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46
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Studies on the aggregation behaviour of pegylated human red blood cells with the Zeta sedimentation technique. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2008. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-2008-1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Studies on the aggregation behaviour of pegylated human red blood cells with the Zeta sedimentation technique. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2008; 39:229-233. [PMID: 18503130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Covalent binding of poly(ethylene glycol), abbreviated as PEG, to red blood cells (RBC) surface leads to masking of the RBC blood group determinants and the PEG layer on the cell surface sterically hinders RBC-RBC and RBC-plasma protein interactions. We cross-linked linear mPEG-SPA of various molecular mass (2000, 5000, 20000) to washed human RBC under varying incubation ratios polymer to RBC. The electrophoretic mobility (EM) of the modified RBC decreases with increasing of chain length and concentration of PEG up to 50%. It may reflect the alteration in the surface layer thickness and friction. The aggregation behaviour of the pegylated RBC was studied with the Zeta sedimentation technique modifying the cell-cell interactions pressing them toward each other under centrifugal forces of various magnitudes. As a rule at low centrifugation forces the increase in chain length and concentration of PEG linked to RBC surface reduces the dextran-induced aggregation probably via elevation of the steric repulsion, which counteracts the depletion force generated by the free polymer. This effect was reversed to some extent by elevation of free dextran concentration and centrifugation forces. If cell-cell polymer bridging starts playing a role under these conditions requires further experimental and theoretical investigations.
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Tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric turbulence with the use of time-dependent stochastic inversion. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2007; 122:1416. [PMID: 17927403 DOI: 10.1121/1.2756798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic travel-time tomography allows one to reconstruct temperature and wind velocity fields in the atmosphere. In a recently published paper [S. Vecherin et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 2579 (2006)], a time-dependent stochastic inversion (TDSI) was developed for the reconstruction of these fields from travel times of sound propagation between sources and receivers in a tomography array. TDSI accounts for the correlation of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations both in space and time and therefore yields more accurate reconstruction of these fields in comparison with algebraic techniques and regular stochastic inversion. To use TDSI, one needs to estimate spatial-temporal covariance functions of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations. In this paper, these spatial-temporal covariance functions are derived for locally frozen turbulence which is a more general concept than a widely used hypothesis of frozen turbulence. The developed theory is applied to reconstruction of temperature and wind velocity fields in the acoustic tomography experiment carried out by University of Leipzig, Germany. The reconstructed temperature and velocity fields are presented and errors in reconstruction of these fields are studied.
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HemoCue Albumin 201: Quantitative Bestimmung von Albumin im Urin in der patientennahen Sofortdiagnostik (POCT). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Measurement of ankle proprioception under self-driven servocontrol. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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