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CellBoost: A pipeline for machine assisted annotation in Neuroanatomy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.13.557658. [PMID: 38293051 PMCID: PMC10827062 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.557658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
One of the important yet labor intensive tasks in neuroanatomy is the identification of select populations of cells. Current high-throughput techniques enable marking cells with histochemical fluorescent molecules as well as through the genetic expression of fluorescent proteins. Modern scanning microscopes allow high resolution multi-channel imaging of the mechanically or optically sectioned brain with thousands of marked cells per square millimeter. Manual identification of all marked cells is prohibitively time consuming. At the same time, simple segmentation algorithms suffer from high error rates and sensitivity to variation in fluorescent intensity and spatial distribution. We present a methodology that combines human judgement and machine learning that serves to significantly reduce the labor of the anatomist while improving the consistency of the annotation. As a demonstration, we analyzed murine brains with marked premotor neurons in the brainstem. We compared the error rate of our method to the disagreement rate among human anatomists. This comparison shows that our method can reduce the time to annotate by as much as ten-fold without significantly increasing the rate of errors. We show that our method achieves significant reduction in labor while achieving an accuracy that is similar to the level of agreement between different anatomists.
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[Etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 39:8-12. [PMID: 36776009 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20220729-00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of patients with PD-related peritonitis who were treated and underwent microbial cultivation and mNGS test at the same time from June 2020 to July 2021 in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University were analyzed. The positive rate, detection time and consistency between mNGS test and traditional microbial culture were compared. Results: A total of 18 patients with age of (50.4±15.4) years old and median dialysis time of 34.0 (12.4, 62.0) months were enrolled in the study, including 11 males and 7 females. Pathogenic microorganisms were isolated in 17 patients by mNGS test, with a positive rate of 17/18, which was higher than 13/18 of microbial culture, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.219). Both mNGS test and microbial culture isolated positive pathogenic bacteria in 12 patients, and mNGS test isolated the same types of pathogenic bacteria as microbial cultivation did in 11 patients. In five patients with negative microbial culture, mNGS test also isolated pathogenic microorganisms, including 3 cases of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 1 case of Ureaplasma urealyticum. In 1 patient, microbial culture isolated pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli) whereas mNGS test did not. The detection time of mNGS was 25.0 (24.0, 27.0) h, which was significantly shorter than 89.0 (72.8, 122.0) h of microbial culture (Z=3.726, P<0.001). Conclusions: mNGS test can improve the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in PD-related peritonitis and greatly shorten the detection time, and has good consistency with microbial culture. mNGS may provide a new approach for pathogen identification of PD-related peritonitis, especially refractory peritonitis.
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[Clinical and genetic characteristics of congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:706-709. [PMID: 35768360 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20211222-01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency. Methods: The clinical and laboratory characteristics of 5 cases with congenital isolated ACTH deficiency diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The general conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, genetic charcteistics, treatment and follow-up (up to October 2021) were analyzed. Results: Of the 5 cases, 1 was female and 4 were males, aged from 13 months to 6 years at the time of consultation. The symptoms of hypoglycemia and convulsion were presented in infancy, and 4 cases had infantile cholestasis. Glucose level of 5 cases ranged from 0.79-2.20 mmol/L, ACTH ranged from <1.00-4.17 ng/L, and cortisol ranged from 0.2-3.8 μg/L. Whole exon sequencing revealed that 3 cases carried homozygous TBX19 variations, and 2 cases had compound heterozygous TBX19 variations, including 3 variants that had been reported before and 3 novel variants were found. After the diagnosis was confirmed, all the cases were treated with hydrocortisone. Hypoglycemia was all corrected during the follow-up, and 4 cases no longer had convulsions. Conclusion: Congenital isolated ACTH deficiency should be considered in neonates and infants with cholestasis and hypoglycemia, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by genetic testing.
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Trajectory prediction based on conditional Hamiltonian generative network for incomplete observation image sequences. COMPLEX INTELL SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40747-022-00769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe combination of Hamiltonian formalism and neural networks is playing an important role in dealing with chaotic systems. Aiming at the problem of motion control under the condition of unknown physical quantity and incomplete observation set, a trajectory prediction model based on conditional Hamiltonian generating network (CHGN) for incomplete observation image sequences is proposed. CHGN is composed of Conditional AutoEncoder (CVAE), Hamiltonian neural network (HNN) and Velocity–Verlet integrator. CVAE encoder converts the short-term continuous observation image sequence into target motion state features represented by generalized coordinates and generalized momentum, and generates the trajectory prediction image at the specified time. HNN is used to learn potential Hamiltonian physical quantities, so as to understand more chaotic system dynamics information to realize state cognition. Velocity–Verlet integrator predicts the motion state at any moment according to the Hamiltonian learned by HNN at the current moment. The motion state and the specified time are used as the input of CVAE decoder to generate the target prediction image from the potential motion space. Experimental results show that CHGN can accurately predict target trajectories over a long period of time based on incomplete short-term image sequences, and has better performance with minimum mean square error(MSE) on three physical system datasets than existing deep learning methods.
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The effect of cytoplasmic dynein on the development and functional maintenance of retinal photoreceptor cells. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 25:6539-6547. [PMID: 34787856 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202111_27096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is a multi-subunit complex that includes cytoplasmic dynein-1 (dynein1) and cytoplasmic dynein-2 (dynein2). It participates in various basic cellular processes, including nuclear migration, mitotic spindle organization, chromosome separation during mitosis, and the location and function of numerous intracellular organelles. Retinal photoreceptor cells are terminally differentiated neurons that cannot regenerate and cannot be replaced once lost. It is thus crucial to study their development to facilitate the generation and improvement of photoreceptor disease treatments. The outer segment (OS) of photoreceptor cells is a specific sensory cilium. An increasing number of studies have shown that cytoplasmic dynein plays an essential role in the development of retinal photoreceptor cells. To date, people have done a lot of studies on the various functions of dynein in cells and have a very detailed understanding. However, the role of dynein in retinal photoreceptor cells has not been summarized in detail. This article summarizes the currently available knowledge relating to the effects and mechanisms of cytoplasmic dynein on the development and functional maintenance of retinal photoreceptor cells.
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Probiotics on Intestinal Flora Disturbance and Bacterial Translocation in Mice with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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[Prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among AIDS patients in Nanchang City]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2020; 32:577-583. [PMID: 33325191 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among AIDS patients in Nanchang City during the period between May and September, 2016. B. hominis infection was detected in patients'stool samples using a PCR assay, and the CD4+ T cell count was measured in subjects'blood samples. In addition, the risk factors of B. hominis infection in AIDS patients were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A survey was conducted in Nanchang City from May to September 2016. A total of 505 AIDS patients were investigated, and the prevalence of B. hominis infection was 4.16%. Univariate analysis revealed that B. hominis infection correlated with the occupation (χ2 = 8.595, P = 0.049), education level (χ2 = 14.494, P = 0.001), type of daily drinking water (χ2 = 10.750, P = 0.020), root of HIV infections (χ2 = 8.755, P = 0.026) and receiving anti-HIV therapy (χ2 = 23.083, P = 0.001) among AIDS patients, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified daily direct drinking of tap water as a risk factor of B. hominis infections [odds ratio (OR) = 7.988, 95% confidential interval (CI): (1.160, 55.004)] and anti-HIV therapy as a protective factor of B. hominis infection [OR = 0.183, 95% CI: (0.049, 0.685)]. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of B. hominis is 4.16% among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. Daily direct drinking of tap water is a risk factor, and anti-HIV therapy is a protective factor of B. hominis infection among AIDS patients living in Nanchang City.
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Clinical and in vitro evaluation of new anti-redness cosmetic products in subjects with winter xerosis and sensitive skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 41:534-547. [PMID: 31309600 PMCID: PMC6899962 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective To demonstrate the in vitro activities of panthenol, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and niacinamide (NAM) and determine the biophysical properties, clinical safety, tolerability together with efficacy of two developmental anti‐redness (AR) formulations containing these ingredients, in alleviating facial redness associated with winter xerosis in healthy volunteers with sensitive skin. Methods The anti‐inflammatory and skin protective properties of panthenol, PEA and NAM were evaluated in vitro. The physical properties of the AR formulations were analysed using measurement of water vapour transport rate (WVTR) and infrared spectroscopy. Clinical studies were performed between the months of December and April (2014–2015) with efficacy assessed during the winter. Facial redness, irritation, sensitization potential, photo‐irritation, and photo‐sensitization were evaluated. Self‐assessed adverse reactions were reported in diaries of use. Results Panthenol and PEA reduced prostaglandin E2, interleukin‐6, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels in vitro, while NAM induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels and the keratinocyte differentiation markers: filaggrin (2‐fold increase, P < 0.001), loricrin (2‐fold increase, P < 0.05), involucrin (2 fold increase, P < 0.001) & peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor‐alpha (1.5 fold increase, P < 0.05). The two AR products exhibited low WVTR vs. no treatment (P < 0.001) and displayed an ordered lipid structure. The day cream formulation protected against ultraviolet B radiation in vitro. A total of 382 participants were included in clinical studies which showed the AR formulations significantly improved facial redness associated with winter xerosis (Day 29 mean change from baseline: AR day cream 0.77 (P < 0.001); AR serum 0.67 (P < 0.001)). No irritation, sensitization, photo‐irritation, photo‐sensitization or product‐related adverse reactions were observed or reported in the clinical studies. Conclusion The new products significantly improved skin redness associated with winter xerosis in participants with self‐perceived sensitive skin. Both products were well tolerated with a suitable safety profile for topical use in subjects with sensitive skin.
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Corrigendum to "Down-regulation of HSP27 sensitizes TRAIL-resistant tumor cell to TRAIL-induced apoptosis" [Lung Cancer 68 (1) (2010) 27-38]. Lung Cancer 2020; 141:119-120. [PMID: 31955911 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Meta-analysis on association of pathological complete response with long-term survival outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz240.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P2.11-42 A Prospective Multicenter Study to Assess Combined 6 Tumor Markers for Early Stage Lung Cancer in Patients with Lung Nodule. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Janus particles: design, preparation, and biomedical applications. Mater Today Bio 2019; 4:100033. [PMID: 32159157 PMCID: PMC7061647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus particles with an anisotropic structure have emerged as a focus of intensive research due to their diverse composition and surface chemistry, which show excellent performance in various fields, especially in biomedical applications. In this review, we briefly introduce the structures, composition, and properties of Janus particles, followed by a summary of their biomedical applications. Then we review several design strategies including morphology, particle size, composition, and surface modification, that will affect the performance of Janus particles. Subsequently, we explore the synthetic methodologies of Janus particles, with an emphasis on the most prevalent synthetic method (surface nucleation and seeded growth). Following this, we highlight Janus particles in biomedical applications, especially in drug delivery, bio-imaging, and bio-sensing. Finally, we will consider the current challenges the materials face with perspectives in the future directions.
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VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX BUT NOT ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN AN ELDERLY COMMUNITY-DWELLING CHINESE POPULATION. J Hypertens 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000571876.43088.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan alleviates acute gouty arthritis by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:63-71. [PMID: 30697988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gout is a common metabolic disease and acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is one of the important complications. Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan is a newly developed drug for treating acute gouty arthritis, but the molecular mechanism has not been completely clarified. Thus, this study was aimed to explore the regulation of Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan on NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR/NF-κB signaling, which are two important signaling pathways in inflammation. AGA rat model was established by injecting monosodium urate into the right knee. Colchicine and Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan were administrated by gavage. The circumference of the knee was measured. IL-1β and IL-18 level in the flushing fluid was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot, immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of TLR4, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, NF-κB and p-NF-κB. The results showed that IL-1β and IL-18 level in the flushing fluid was increased and TLR4, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, NF-κB and p-NF-κB expressions were up-regulated after the establishment of AGA rat model. Colchicine and Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan administration could alleviate the inflammation in the knee by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR/NF-κB signaling. In vivo data showed that the therapeutic effect of Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan could be comparable with colchicine but had lower hepatic and renal toxicity. In conclusion, Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR/NF-κB signaling by Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Wan could be effective in treating AGA.
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Plasmonic nanoshells based metabolite detection for in vitro metabolic diagnostics and therapeutic evaluation. N Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Endometrial, but not ovarian response affects clinical outcomes and can be improved by prolonged pituitary down-regulation in patients with thin and medium endometrium. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Intrinsically patterned two-dimensional materials for selective adsorption of molecules and nanoclusters. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:717-721. [PMID: 28604716 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been studied extensively as monolayers, vertical or lateral heterostructures. To achieve functionalization, monolayers are often patterned using soft lithography and selectively decorated with molecules. Here we demonstrate the growth of a family of 2D materials that are intrinsically patterned. We demonstrate that a monolayer of PtSe2 can be grown on a Pt substrate in the form of a triangular pattern of alternating 1T and 1H phases. Moreover, we show that, in a monolayer of CuSe grown on a Cu substrate, strain relaxation leads to periodic patterns of triangular nanopores with uniform size. Adsorption of different species at preferred pattern sites is also achieved, demonstrating that these materials can serve as templates for selective self-assembly of molecules or nanoclusters, as well as for the functionalization of the same substrate with two different species.
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Uniform tissue lesion formation induced by high-intensity focused ultrasound along a spiral pathway. ULTRASONICS 2017; 77:38-46. [PMID: 28167319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Both theoretical and experimental studies were performed here to investigate the lesion formation induced by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) operating in continuous scanning mode along a spiral pathway. The Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov equation and bio-heat equation were combined in the current model to predict HIFU-induced temperature distribution and lesion formation. The shape of lesion and treatment efficiency were assessed for a given scanning speed at two different grid spacing (3mm and 4mm) in the gel phantom studies and further researched in ex vivo studies. The results show that uniform lesions can be generated with continuous HIFU scanning along a spiral pathway. The complete coverage of the entire treated volume can be achieved as long as the spacing grid of the spiral pathway is small enough for heat to diffuse and deposit, and the treatment efficiency can be optimized by selecting an appropriate scanning speed. This study can provide guidance for further optimization of the treatment efficiency and safety of HIFU therapy.
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A retrospective analysis of ovarian stimulation with letrozole in women undergoing artificial insemination by donor. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 34:354-360. [PMID: 28187961 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the clinical pregnancy rate in women undergoing letrozole ovarian stimulation and artificial insemination by donor (AID). Between 2012 and 2015, 130 natural cycles, 939 letrozole cycles and 130 letrozole plus gonadotrophin cycles were conducted. Letrozole cycles were divided into three groups according to LH concentration on the day of HCG administration (LH <10 mIU/ml and follicle size ≥18 cm; LH ≤10 to <20 mIU/ml; and LH ≥20 mIU/ml). Pregnancy rates were 17.3%, 22.4% and 26.8%, respectively (P = 0.012). In women given 10 mIU/ml LH or more, logistic regression identified oestradiol (OR 1.002, 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.004, P = 0.029) and leading follicle size (OR 0.861, 95% CI, 0.772 to 0.960, P = 0.007) as significant predictive factors of pregnancy rate; the higher the oestradiol and the smaller the follicles, the better the pregnancy rate. The pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the letrozole plus gonadotrophin group than the letrozole group (P = 0.04). Better pregnancy rates can be achieved if LH surge occurs before HCG administration, especially with higher oestradiol and lower follicle size; treatment with letrozole plus gonadotrophin was significantly more effective than letrozole alone in AID.
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NOGO-A/RTN4A and NOGO-B/RTN4B are simultaneously expressed in epithelial, fibroblast and neuronal cells and maintain ER morphology. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35969. [PMID: 27786289 PMCID: PMC5081510 DOI: 10.1038/srep35969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reticulons (RTNs) are a large family of membrane associated proteins with various functions. NOGO-A/RTN4A has a well-known function in limiting neurite outgrowth and restricting the plasticity of the mammalian central nervous system. On the other hand, Reticulon 4 proteins were shown to be involved in forming and maintaining endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules. Using comparative transcriptome analysis and qPCR, we show here that NOGO-B/RTN4B and NOGO-A/RTN4A are simultaneously expressed in cultured epithelial, fibroblast and neuronal cells. Electron tomography combined with immunolabelling reveal that both isoforms localize preferably to curved membranes on ER tubules and sheet edges. Morphological analysis of cells with manipulated levels of NOGO-B/RTN4B revealed that it is required for maintenance of normal ER shape; over-expression changes the sheet/tubule balance strongly towards tubules and causes the deformation of the cell shape while depletion of the protein induces formation of large peripheral ER sheets.
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Skin compatibility and efficacy of a cosmetic skin care regimen with licochalcone A and 4-t-butylcyclohexanol in patients with rosacea subtype I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30 Suppl 1:21-7. [PMID: 26805419 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with rosacea often show facial sensitivity to cosmetics or skin care products that can influence the severity of symptoms and exacerbate erythema and inflammation. Nevertheless, special skin care is necessary to address cosmetic concerns and reduce the potential side-effects of topical or oral treatment of the disease. Appropriate skin care should comprise gentle cleansing, effective moisturization, soothing actives, UV protection and concealing pigments to help neutralize the appearance of redness. OBJECTIVE To determine the compatibility and efficacy of a skin care regimen (consisting of a cleanser, a day care with SPF25 and a night care) containing licochalcone A (Lic A), an anti-irritant from the licorice plant Glycyrrhiza inflata, and 4-t-butylcyclohexanol (SymSitive(®) ), a substance which acts as a sensitivity regulator, in female subjects with clinically determined subtype I rosacea. METHODS Thirty-two test subjects with mild to moderate rosacea used the skin care regimen daily for 8 weeks. Clinical assessment of erythema, subjective irritation and clinical photography were performed at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks. Additionally, a quality-of-life questionnaire was filled out by the test subjects at baseline and week 8. The subjects completed a self-assessment questionnaire on product properties after 4 and 8 weeks of product use. RESULTS Clinical assessments and subject response confirmed very good tolerability of the regimen, a statistically significant improvement in clinical grading for erythema and tactile roughness at weeks 4 and 8 and on telangiectasia at week 8 when compared to baseline scores. A statistically significant improvement in facial redness (a*) values, based on the L*a*b* colorimetric system, was determined at week 4 and 8 in comparison to baseline. No difference in corneometric measurement was detected at week 4 and 8 compared to baseline. CONCLUSION The skin care regimen was found to be highly compatible with the sensitive facial skin of patients with rosacea subtype I and effective in improving signs of rosacea. Therefore, the daily use of skin care products containing LicA and SymSitive(®) in patients with rosacea improves the overall skin appearance and the quality of life of these patients.
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Low expression levels of putative HPV encoded microRNAs in cervical samples. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1856. [PMID: 27818894 PMCID: PMC5075338 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Using small RNA sequencing of libraries established from cervical samples and cervical cancer cell lines, we have previously reported identification of nine and validation of five putative microRNA species encoded by human papillomaviruses (HPV) including five microRNAs encoded by HPV 16. Here we have studied the expression of HPV 16 encoded microRNAs in cervical samples and in HPV 16 containing cell lines. Different sample matrices were collected for the study: 20 paraffin embedded cervical tissue samples, 16 liquid cytology samples, and 16 cervical cell samples from women attending colposcopy due to cervical abnormalities, as well as four HPV 16 containing cell lines. Total RNA was extracted, the samples were spiked with small synthetic control RNAs, and the expression of five HPV 16 encoded microRNAs was assessed by real-time PCR amplification. HPV encoded microRNAs could be frequently detected, albeit at high cycle counts. HPV16-miR-H1 was detected in 3.6 %, HPV16-miR-H3 in 23.6 %, HPV16-miR-H5 in 7.3 %, and HPV16-miR-H6 in 18.2 % of all valid samples. True positive signals for HPV16-miR-H2 could not be detected in any of the samples. Viral microRNAs were detected most frequently in paraffin-embedded samples: in one sample representing normal squamous epithelium, in one cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1, one CIN2, three CIN3, two squamous cell carcinoma, three adenocarcinoma in situ, and two adenocarcinoma samples. One liquid cytology sample from a patient with CIN3 as well as all four cell lines were positive for HPV16-miR-H3. In all cases HPV encoded microRNAs were expressed at low levels.
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HMGB4 is expressed by neuronal cells and affects the expression of genes involved in neural differentiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32960. [PMID: 27608812 PMCID: PMC5036535 DOI: 10.1038/srep32960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGB4 is a new member in the family of HMGB proteins that has been characterized in sperm cells, but little is known about its functions in somatic cells. Here we show that HMGB4 and the highly similar rat Transition Protein 4 (HMGB4L1) are expressed in neuronal cells. Both proteins had slow mobility in nucleus of living NIH-3T3 cells. They interacted with histones and their differential expression in transformed cells of the nervous system altered the post-translational modification statuses of histones in vitro. Overexpression of HMGB4 in HEK 293T cells made cells more susceptible to cell death induced by topoisomerase inhibitors in an oncology drug screening array and altered variant composition of histone H3. HMGB4 regulated over 800 genes in HEK 293T cells with a p-value ≤0.013 (n = 3) in a microarray analysis and displayed strongest association with adhesion and histone H2A –processes. In neuronal and transformed cells HMGB4 regulated the expression of an oligodendrocyte marker gene PPP1R14a and other neuronal differentiation marker genes. In conclusion, our data suggests that HMGB4 is a factor that regulates chromatin and expression of neuronal differentiation markers.
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CDKN1C (p57): the determinant of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization. Fertil Steril 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Identification of genes in longissimus dorsi muscle differentially expressed between Wannanhua and Yorkshire pigs using RNA-sequencing. Anim Genet 2016; 47:324-33. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Drive Epigenetic Variation of Spermatozoa in Humans. Cell Metab 2016; 23:369-78. [PMID: 26669700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a heritable disorder, with children of obese fathers at higher risk of developing obesity. Environmental factors epigenetically influence somatic tissues, but the contribution of these factors to the establishment of epigenetic patterns in human gametes is unknown. Here, we hypothesized that weight loss remodels the epigenetic signature of spermatozoa in human obesity. Comprehensive profiling of the epigenome of sperm from lean and obese men showed similar histone positioning, but small non-coding RNA expression and DNA methylation patterns were markedly different. In a separate cohort of morbidly obese men, surgery-induced weight loss was associated with a dramatic remodeling of sperm DNA methylation, notably at genetic locations implicated in the central control of appetite. Our data provide evidence that the epigenome of human spermatozoa dynamically changes under environmental pressure and offers insight into how obesity may propagate metabolic dysfunction to the next generation.
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Resistance and integron characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii in a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China. New Microbes New Infect 2015; 8:103-8. [PMID: 26649184 PMCID: PMC4644259 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 189 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected in 2011 from a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China. Susceptibility data showed strains carrying integrons were significantly more resistant to all tested antibiotics that strains lacking integrons. Five types of gene cassettes belonging to class I integrons were identified in this study, and for the first time two types of gene cassettes belonging to class II integrons are reported. Most of the cassettes belong to a class I integron (136/144) encoding arr3, aacA4, dfrA17, aadA5, aadB, cat, blaOXA10 , aadA1, aadA2, dfrA and aacC1. Isolates contained a class I gene cassette; AadA2-HP-dfrA was the prevalent strain in this hospital. A class II integron was detected in eight strains, which contained the type IV fimbriae expression regulatory gene pilR and sulfate adenylyltransferase, suggesting a possible role in multidrug resistance. The major epidemic strains from intensive care unit patients belong to international clone 2. In conclusion, the presence of integrons was significantly associated with multiple drug resistance of A. baumannii in this hospital, and class I integron isolates bearing AadA2-HP-dfrA were the prevalent strain in this hospital.
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MiR-873 regulates ERα transcriptional activity and tamoxifen resistance via targeting CDK3 in breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2014; 34:3895-907. [PMID: 25531331 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs (microRNAs) are frequently and aberrantly expressed in many cancers. MiR-873 has been revealed to be downregulated in colorectal cancer and glioblastoma. However, its function remains unclear. Here we report that miR-873 is downregulated in breast tumor compared with normal tissue. Enforced expression of miR-873 decreases the transcriptional activity of ER (estrogen receptor)-α but not ERβ through the modulation of ERα phosphorylation in ER-positive breast cancer cells. We also found that miR-873 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in nude mice. Reporter gene assays revealed cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (CDK3) as a direct target of miR-873. CDK3 was shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer and phosphorylate ERα at Ser104/116 and Ser118. Furthermore, we found that Mir-873 inhibits ER activity and cell growth via targeting CDK3. Interestingly, miR-873 was observed to be downregulated in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7/TamR cells, while CDK3 is overexpressed in these cells. More importantly, re-expression of miR-873 reversed tamoxifen resistance in MCF-7/TamR cells. Our data demonstrate that miR-873 is a novel tumor suppressor in ER-positive breast cancer and a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer.
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The Glanville fritillary genome retains an ancient karyotype and reveals selective chromosomal fusions in Lepidoptera. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4737. [PMID: 25189940 PMCID: PMC4164777 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that chromosome synteny in Lepidoptera has been well conserved, yet the number of haploid chromosomes varies widely from 5 to 223. Here we report the genome (393 Mb) of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia; Nymphalidae), a widely recognized model species in metapopulation biology and eco-evolutionary research, which has the putative ancestral karyotype of n=31. Using a phylogenetic analyses of Nymphalidae and of other Lepidoptera, combined with orthologue-level comparisons of chromosomes, we conclude that the ancestral lepidopteran karyotype has been n=31 for at least 140 My. We show that fusion chromosomes have retained the ancestral chromosome segments and very few rearrangements have occurred across the fusion sites. The same, shortest ancestral chromosomes have independently participated in fusion events in species with smaller karyotypes. The short chromosomes have higher rearrangement rate than long ones. These characteristics highlight distinctive features of the evolutionary dynamics of butterflies and moths. Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) vary in chromosome number. Here, the authors sequence the genome of the Glanville fritillary butterfly, Melitaea cinxia, show it has the ancestral lepidopteran karyotype and provide insight into how chromosomal fusions have shaped karyotype evolution in butterflies and moths.
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Abstract
Goose parvovirus (GPV) causes high mortality and morbidity in goslings and Muscovy ducklings. In this study, a GPV was isolated from a 20-day old swan in Shanghai, China. Complete genome of the swan isolate contained 5,050 nt and showed the highest homology with Taiwanese GPV isolates from 1982. In comparison with the Chinese mainland GPV isolates reported previously, the swan isolate shows two deletions, particularly at positions 67-80 and 334-347 in inverted terminal repeats (ITRs). These findings suggest that the swan could serve as a potential host for GPV and provide insights into molecular characteristics and etiology of GPV.
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Differential protein analysis of chicken skin infected with Marek΄s disease virus. Acta Virol 2014; 58:43-52. [PMID: 24717028 DOI: 10.4149/av_2014_01_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The skin and feather follicle epithelia of birds infected with Marek's disease virus (MDV) are the sites of infectious virus particle formation and shedding. However, the host responses and protein networks involved in the production of virus particles in the skin of MDV-infected chickens are poorly understood. This current study aimed to analyze the differential protein expression patterns in skin between MDV-infected and uninfected specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens 28 days post infection (dpi) by combining two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. Through 2-DE analysis, our results revealed 23 proteins whose expression changed significantly following infection, of which 16 proteins were confirmed by MS. The identified proteins were functionally classified into 5 groups: immune-related, cell regulatory, cytoskeletal, metabolism-related and transport proteins. A single protein, beta 2-microglobulin, was further confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. Beta 2-microglobulin expression was significantly increased in the infected group 28 dpi. This indicates that beta 2-microglobulin might play very important roles in the viral evasion from host immune response.
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Gene expression profiles in human and mouse primary cells provide new insights into the differential actions of vitamin D3 metabolites. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75338. [PMID: 24116037 PMCID: PMC3792969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3) had earlier been regarded as the only active hormone. The newly identified actions of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24R,25(OH)2D3) broadened the vitamin D3 endocrine system, however, the current data are fragmented and a systematic understanding is lacking. Here we performed the first systematic study of global gene expression to clarify their similarities and differences. Three metabolites at physiologically comparable levels were utilized to treat human and mouse fibroblasts prior to DNA microarray analyses. Human primary prostate stromal P29SN cells (hP29SN), which convert 25(OH)D3 into 1α,25(OH)2D3 by 1α-hydroxylase (encoded by the gene CYP27B1), displayed regulation of 164, 171, and 175 genes by treatment with 1α,25(OH)2D3, 25(OH)D3, and 24R,25(OH)2D3, respectively. Mouse primary Cyp27b1 knockout fibroblasts (mCyp27b1−/−), which lack 1α-hydroxylation, displayed regulation of 619, 469, and 66 genes using the same respective treatments. The number of shared genes regulated by two metabolites is much lower in hP29SN than in mCyp27b1−/−. By using DAVID Functional Annotation Bioinformatics Microarray Analysis tools and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis, we identified the agonistic regulation of calcium homeostasis and bone remodeling between 1α,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D3 and unique non-classical actions of each metabolite in physiological and pathological processes, including cell cycle, keratinocyte differentiation, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis signaling, gene transcription, immunomodulation, epigenetics, cell differentiation, and membrane protein expression. In conclusion, there are three distinct vitamin D3 hormones with clearly different biological activities. This study presents a new conceptual insight into the vitamin D3 endocrine system, which may guide the strategic use of vitamin D3 in disease prevention and treatment.
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Identification and validation of human papillomavirus encoded microRNAs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70202. [PMID: 23936163 PMCID: PMC3728184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here identification and validation of the first papillomavirus encoded microRNAs expressed in human cervical lesions and cell lines. We established small RNA libraries from ten human papillomavirus associated cervical lesions including cancer and two human papillomavirus harboring cell lines. These libraries were sequenced using SOLiD 4 technology. We used the sequencing data to predict putative viral microRNAs and discovered nine putative papillomavirus encoded microRNAs. Validation was performed for five candidates, four of which were successfully validated by qPCR from cervical tissue samples and cell lines: two were encoded by HPV 16, one by HPV 38 and one by HPV 68. The expression of HPV 16 microRNAs was further confirmed by in situ hybridization, and colocalization with p16INK4A was established. Prediction of cellular target genes of HPV 16 encoded microRNAs suggests that they may play a role in cell cycle, immune functions, cell adhesion and migration, development, and cancer. Two putative viral target sites for the two validated HPV 16 miRNAs were mapped to the E5 gene, one in the E1 gene, two in the L1 gene and one in the LCR region. This is the first report to show that papillomaviruses encode their own microRNA species. Importantly, microRNAs were found in libraries established from human cervical disease and carcinoma cell lines, and their expression was confirmed in additional tissue samples. To our knowledge, this is also the first paper to use in situ hybridization to show the expression of a viral microRNA in human tissue.
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Support Vector Machine Based Robotic Traversability Prediction with Vision Features. INT J COMPUT INT SYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/18756891.2013.802107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Online Sensor Information and Redundancy Resolution Based Obstacle Avoidance for High DOF Mobile Manipulator Teleoperation. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2013. [DOI: 10.5772/56470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract High degrees of freedom (DOF) mobile manipulators provide more flexibility than conventional manipulators. They also provide manipulation operations with a mobility capacity and have potential in many applications. However, due to high redundancy, planning and control become more complicated and difficult, especially when obstacles occur. Most existing obstacle avoidance methods are based on off-line algorithms and most of them mainly focus on planning a new collision-free path, which is not appropriate for some applications, such as teleoperation and uses many system resources as well. Therefore, this paper presents an online planning and control method for obstacle avoidance in mobile manipulators using online sensor information and redundancy resolution. An obstacle contour reconstruction approach employing a mobile manipulator equipped with an active laser scanner system is also introduced in this paper. This method is implemented using a mobile manipulator with a seven-DOF manipulator and a four-wheel drive mobile base. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
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One-Pot Conversion of Inulin to Furan Derivatives Catalyzed by Sulfated TiO2/Mordenite Solid Acid. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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miRSeqNovel: An R based workflow for analyzing miRNA sequencing data. Mol Cell Probes 2012; 26:208-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
Telerobot system plays an important role in executing task under hazard environment. As the computer networks such as the Internet are being used as the communication channel of telerobot systems, varying time delay causes the overall system unstable and reduces the performance of transparency. In this paper, we propose twelve operation modes with different control schemes for telerobot on the Internet with time delay. And an optimal operation mode with control scheme is specified for telerobot with time delay, based on the tradeoff between passivity and transparency properties. We experimentally confirm the validity of the proposed optimal mode and control scheme by using a simple one DOF master–slave manipulator system.
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Leptin-induced mTOR activation defines a specific molecular and transcriptional signature controlling CD4+ effector T cell responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:2941-53. [PMID: 22904304 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The sensing by T cells of metabolic and energetic changes in the microenvironment can determine the differentiation, maturation, and activation of these cells. Although it is known that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) gauges nutritonal and energetic signals in the extracellular milieu, it is not known how mTOR and metabolism influence CD4+CD25-FOXP3- effector T cell (Teff) responses. In this article, we show that leptin-induced activation of mTOR, which, in turn, controls leptin production and signaling, causes a defined cellular, biochemical, and transcriptional signature that determine the outcome of Teff responses, both in vitro and in vivo. The blockade of leptin/leptin receptor signaling, induced by genetic means or by starvation, leads to impaired mTOR activity that inhibits the proliferation of Teffs in vivo. Notably, the transcriptional signature of Teffs in the presence of leptin blockade appears similar to that observed in rapamycin-treated Teffs. These results identify a novel link between nutritional status and Teff responses through the leptin-mTOR axis and define a potential target for Teff modulation in normal and pathologic conditions.
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Re-analysis of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia Gene Expression Complements the Kraepelinian Dichotomy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 736:563-77. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7210-1_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Small Teleoperated Robot for Nuclear Radiation and Chemical Leak Detection. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2012. [DOI: 10.5772/50720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to meet the actual requirements of nuclear radiation and chemical leak detection, and emergency response, a new small teleoperated robot for nuclear radiation and chemical detection is proposed. A small-size robot is manufactured according to technical requirements and the overall structure and control system is described. Meanwhile, based on the principles of human-robot interaction, a user-friendly human-robot interaction interface is designed to provide a good telepresence for the operator, helping the operator to perceive and judge the robot's situation to better assist in making the right decisions and in giving timely operation instructions. The experiment results show the robot system operates reliably and meets the technical requirements.
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Combinatorial treatment of bone marrow stem cells and stromal cell-derived factor 1 improves glycemia and insulin production in diabetic mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 345:88-96. [PMID: 21801807 PMCID: PMC3171644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Transdifferentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells for the treatment of diabetes have shown promising but inconsistent results. We examined the potential for attracting bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) to the pancreas using a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). SDF-1 treatment markedly increased the number of GFP labeled BMSCs in the pancreas, but surprisingly, the majority was observed in liver. The liver cells had typical pancreatic endocrine cell gene expression including insulin I, insulin II, PDX-1, somatostatin, and glucagon. Combined treatment with SDF-1 and BMSC transplant reduced hyperglycemia and prolonged the long-term survival of diabetic mice, and a sub group had complete normoglycemia (<150 mg/dl), restored blood insulin levels, and normal glucose tolerance. Our results suggest that SDF-1 could potentially be used to improve the homing of stem cells and β-cell regeneration. The mechanism appears to involve an increase in insulin producing cells mainly in the liver.
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The use of kinoform lenses as an option for microbeams in macromolecular crystallography. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311087824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Group velocity manipulation in active fibers using mutually modulated cross-gain modulation: from ultraslow to superluminal propagation. OPTICS LETTERS 2011; 36:2185-2187. [PMID: 21685961 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.002185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate the propagation of slow/fast light in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) using mutually modulated cross-gain modulation. The group velocity of the light signal can be manipulated by the effect of gain cross-saturation modulation by a saturating light at an arbitrary wavelength in the gain bandwidth of the EDF. The ultraslow propagation with a small group velocity of 5.6 × 10⁻³c (c is the light speed in free space) and superluminal propagation with a negative group velocity of -1.1 × 10⁻³c has been observed under different modulation phases.
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Gene expression meta-analysis of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. N Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2010.01.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stage-dependent tolerance of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica for dichlorvos and propoxur. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2010; 10:201. [PMID: 21268698 PMCID: PMC3029310 DOI: 10.1673/031.010.20101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
tage-dependent dichlorvos and propoxur tolerance in a field population of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica Linnaeus (Blatodea: Blattellidae), was investigated in the laboratory using a topical application bioassay. The results showed the 6 week-old nymphs were more tolerant to dichlorvos and propoxur than the other ages tested. LD₅₀ values of dichlorvos and propoxur for the 6 week-old nymphs were 2.003 µg per insect and 5.296 µg per insect, respectively. Tolerance ratios of 18.55-fold and 4.98-fold for LD₅₀ were obtained from 6-week-old nymphs compared to 4 week-old nymphs. The specific activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from 1 week-old nymphs was the highest among all tested developmental stages of nymphs and adult males and females. The specific activity of AChE decreased significantly with increasing age. The sensitivity of AChE to dichlorvos was the highest with a k(i) value of 3.12 × 10⁴ mol⁻¹min⁻¹ in the last nymphal stage of B. germanica (about 6 weeks-old). The AChE from 4 week-old nymphs was the most sensitive to propoxur, with the highest k(i) value being 2.63 × 10⁵ mol⁻¹ min⁻¹. These results indicated that the different developmental stages and sexes of B. germanica affected the inhibition of AChE by dichlorvos and propoxur.
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Efficacy and safety of catnip (Nepeta cataria) as a novel filth fly repellent. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2009; 23:209-216. [PMID: 19712151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2009.00809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is known for its pseudo-narcotic effects on cats. Recently, it has been reported as an effective mosquito repellent against several Aedes and Culex species, both topically and spatially. Our laboratory bioassays showed that catnip essential oil (at a dosage of 20 mg) resulted in average repellency rates of 96% against stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) and 79% against houseflies, Musca domestica (L.), respectively. This finding suggested that the application of repellent could be used as part of filth fly management. Further evaluations of catnip oil toxicity were conducted to provide a broad-spectrum safety profile of catnip oil use as a potential biting and nuisance insect repellent in urban settings. Acute oral, dermal, inhalation, primary dermal and eye irritation toxicity tests were performed. The acute oral LD(50) of catnip oil was found to be 3160 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 2710 mg/kg BW in female and male rats, respectively. The acute dermal LD50 was > 5000 mg/kg BW. The acute inhalation LD50 was observed to be > 10,000 mg/m3. Primary skin irritation tested on New Zealand white rabbits showed that catnip oil is a moderate irritant. Catnip oil was classified as practically non-irritating to the eye. In comparison with other U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved mosquito repellents (DEET, picaridin and p-menthane-3,8-diol), catnip oil can be considered as a relatively safe repellent, which may cause minor skin irritation.
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The primary clinical trial of dendritic cell vaccine pulsed with apoptosis tumor cell in patients with malignant cancers. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.13509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13509 Background: We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and immunogenicity of mature, apoptosis tumor cells-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccines administered by intradermal injection. Methods: We performed a randomized study in 16 patients with malignant tumors, including 4 cases for gastric cancer, 3 cases for prostate cancer, 2 cases for breast cancers, one case for lung cancer, esophageal carcinoma, liver cancer , colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer respectively.The vaccine used mature DCs (CD11c++, HLA-DR++, CD83+, and CD86+++) generated from peripheral blood monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4. After 5 days, DCs were matured with a defined cocktail of cytokines (IL-1+ TNF-a+PGE2) and simultaneously pulsed with apoptosis autologous tumor cells or heterologous tumor cell lines, for 2 days.Patients were administrated four DC vaccinations (5×106 per time) at 7th day, 14th day, 21st day and 42nd day by intradermal injection(ID). Toxicity effect, life quality, immune function and clinical efficacy were monitored during the whole therapy. Results: Fourteen (82.4%) of 17 patients completed all four vaccinations. Vaccinations were well tolerated; a few patients exhibited less than grade 1 toxicities including rash, transient fever, transient debilitation and injection site reaction. The life quality of most patients had improved to certain degree, including sleep, appetite, mental status, and a good recovery from surgery and chemotherapy. Moreover, the serum level of IL-2 of 10/14 patients increased more than several times to twenty times, and 6/10 patients had a long increase for more than forty days. Serum level of IL-12 were increase in 11/14(9/11 patients increased for more than forty days) patients, Serum level of IFN-? were increase in 11/14(5/11 patients increased for more than forty days ) patients. Conclusions: Administration of this apoptosis tumor cell-pulsed mature DC vaccine by ID routes is feasible and safe. This administration seems to result in superior immunological sensitization as measured by in vitro serum level of immune cell factor such as IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-?. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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