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Lodhia JV, Eyre L, Smith M, Toth L, Troxler M, Milton RS. Management of thoracic trauma. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:225-235. [PMID: 36572548 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Managing major thoracic trauma begins with identifying and anticipating injuries associated with the mechanism of injury. The key aims are to reduce early mortality and the impact of associated complications to expedite recovery and restore the patient to their pre-injury state. While imaging is imperative to identify the extent of thoracic trauma, some pathology may require immediate treatment. The majority can be managed with adequate pleural drainage, but respiratory failure and poor gas exchange may require either non-invasive or invasive ventilation. Ventilation strategies to protect from complications such as barotrauma, volutrauma and ventilator-induced lung injury are important to consider. The management of pain is vital in reducing respiratory complications. A multimodal strategy using local, regional and systemic analgesia may mitigate respiratory side effects of opioid use. With optimal pain management, physiotherapy can be fully utilised to reduce respiratory complications and enhance early recovery. Thoracic surgeons should be consulted early for consideration of surgical management of specific injuries. With a greater understanding of the mechanisms of injury and the appropriate use of available resources, favourable outcomes can be reached in this cohort of patients. Overall, a multidisciplinary and holistic approach results in the best patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Lodhia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - L Eyre
- Department of Anaesthesia, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - M Smith
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - L Toth
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - M Troxler
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - R S Milton
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Chen M, Yang N, Lechner J, Toth L, Hogg R, Silvestri G, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. Plasma level of lipocalin 2 is increased in neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients, particularly those with macular fibrosis. Immun Ageing 2020; 17:35. [PMID: 33292361 PMCID: PMC7666483 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Previously, we and others have reported higher populations of circulating neutrophils in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, also known as lipocalin-2, LCN2), an important innate immune mediator, is known to be critically involved in sterile inflammation-mediated organ failure, fibrosis, cancer progression and retinal degeneration. This study investigated the plasma levels of LCN2, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and LCN2/MMP9 complex in different types of nAMD and examined whether the levels were related to patients’ responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. Results One hundred and seventy-four nAMD patients, including 108 with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), 32 with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), 23 with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and 11 unclassified patients, and 43 healthy controls were recruited to this case-control study. Fifty-eight nAMD patients had macular fibrosis and 110 patients did not. Out of the 174 nAMD patients, 80 patients responded completely, 90 responded partially, and 4 did not respond to the anti-VEGF therapy. The plasma levels of LCN2 in nAMD patients (181.46 ± 73.62 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (152.24 ± 49.55 ng/ml, P = 0.047). However, the difference disappeared after adjusting for age. A positive correlation between plasma level of LCN2 and age was observed in nAMD patients (r = 0.29, P = 0.0002) but not in healthy controls. The plasma level of LCN2 was also positively correlated with circulating neutrophils in nAMD patients (r = 0.34, p = 0.0007) but not in healthy controls (r = 0.057, p = 0.77). No correlation was observed between age and circulating neutrophils. Further analysis of nAMD subtypes uncovered a significantly higher level of LCN2 in patients with macular fibrosis even after adjusting for age. No relationship was observed between plasma levels of LCN2 and patients’ responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. The plasma levels of MMP9 and LCN2/MMP9 complex were comparable between nAMD and controls. Conclusions Our results suggest that higher plasma levels of LCN2 in nAMD are related to ageing and increased population of circulating neutrophils. Our results also suggest that higher levels of LCN2 may increase the risk of macular fibrosis in nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Nan Yang
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Judith Lechner
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Levente Toth
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ruth Hogg
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Usha Chakravarthy
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Sandor B, Bogats G, Toth L, Habon T. Surgical treatment of heart failure due to giant coronary artery fistula: a case report. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:3203-3207. [PMID: 32700832 PMCID: PMC7524117 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery fistula is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly that is often found incidentally during computed tomography angiography. Coronary fistula between the left circumflex coronary artery and the coronary sinus is among the less common forms of coronary artery fistula. A 60‐yea\r‐old female patient presented to our outpatient cardiology department with symptoms of severe, de novo heart failure. Echocardiogram revealed severe mitral regurgitation and a dilated duct that turbulently accelerated colour Doppler flow behind the left ventricle with significant left‐to‐right shunt. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography angiography revealed a massively dilated fistula between the left circumflex coronary artery and the coronary sinus with a diameter of 3–4 cm. The patient underwent combined heart surgery involving mitral ring annuloplasty and fistula ligation and was discharged in stable condition on guideline‐based medical therapy. At 18 months of follow‐up, minimal residual shunt flow and mild‐to‐moderate mitral regurgitation were found. We report a rare case of congenital coronary disorder resulting in heart failure and highlight the importance of complex non‐invasive cardiac diagnostic procedures before planning and performing heart surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sandor
- Division of Cardiology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Ifjúság Street 13, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Gabor Bogats
- Division of Heart Surgery, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Levente Toth
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamas Habon
- Division of Cardiology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Ifjúság Street 13, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
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Toth L, Nyarfas G, Kiss P, Bogner P. 336Rare coronary anomaly diagnosed by coronary CTA in young women. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez138.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Toth
- University of Pecs, Radiology, Pecs, Hungary
| | - G Nyarfas
- City Hospital, Cardiology, Siklos, Hungary
| | - P Kiss
- Huniko, Radiology, Kistarcsa, Hungary
| | - P Bogner
- University of Pecs, Radiology, Pecs, Hungary
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Toth L, Gojak I, Pinter O, Lenard L, Mozolai L, Benczur B, Tornoczky T, Horvath I, Cziraki A, Bogner P. P373From the chest X-ray to cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez109.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Toth
- University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - I Gojak
- University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - O Pinter
- University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L Lenard
- University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L Mozolai
- County Hospital, Cardiology, Szekszard, Hungary
| | - B Benczur
- County Hospital, Cardiology, Szekszard, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - P Bogner
- University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
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Gyöngyösi M, Pavo N, Lukovic D, Zlabinger K, Spannbauer A, Traxler D, Goliasch G, Mandic L, Bergler-Klein J, Gugerell A, Jakab A, Szankai Z, Toth L, Garamvölgyi R, Maurer G, Jaisser F, Zannad F, Thum T, Bátkai S, Winkler J. Porcine model of progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis with secondary postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. J Transl Med 2017; 15:202. [PMID: 28985746 PMCID: PMC5639584 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meaningful translational large animal models for cardiac diseases are indispensable for studying disease mechanisms, development of novel therapeutic strategies, and evaluation of potential drugs. METHODS For induction of heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, a bare metal stent was implanted in the descending aorta of growing pigs (n = 7), inducing pressure stress on the left ventricle (group HYPI). The constant stent size in growing pigs resulted in antegrade partial obstruction of the aortic flow with a gradual increase in afterload. Five pigs with sham intervention served as control. Serial haemodynamic, pressure-volume loop measurements and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were performed to detect developing pressure overload of the LV and cardiac MRI with late enhancement for measuring LV and RV mass and ejection fraction. RESULTS At 5-month follow-up, CT and contrast aortography, and intraluminal echocardiography confirmed aortic isthmus stenosis with a mean trans-stenotic gradient of 64 ± 13.9 mmHg. Invasive haemodynamic measurements revealed a secondary increase in pulmonary artery pressure (44.6 ± 5.1 vs 25.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, HYPI vs control, p < 0.05). TTE and ex vivo analyses confirmed severe concentric LV hypertrophy (mean circumferential wall thickness, 19.4 ± 3.1, n = 7 vs 11.4 ± 1.0 mm, n = 5, HYPI vs controls, p < 0.05). The LV and RV mass increased significantly, paralleled by increased isovolumic relaxation constant (tau). Histological analyses confirmed substantial fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy in both LV and RV. Expressions of ANP, BNP, and miRNA-29a were up-regulated, while SERCA2a and miRNA-1 were down-regulated. Plasma NGAL levels increased gradually, while the elevation of NT-proBNP was detected only at the 5-month FUP. CONCLUSION These data prove that percutaneous artificial aortic stenosis in pigs is useful for inducing clinically relevant progredient heart failure based on myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Noemi Pavo
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominika Lukovic
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Zlabinger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Spannbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Denise Traxler
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ljubica Mandic
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Bergler-Klein
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andras Jakab
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsuzsanna Szankai
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Levente Toth
- Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, University of Kaposvar, Kaposvar, Hungary
| | - Rita Garamvölgyi
- Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, University of Kaposvar, Kaposvar, Hungary
| | - Gerald Maurer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Team 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Inserm, CHU, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover, Germany
| | - Sándor Bátkai
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Winkler
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Ansite J, Balamurugan AN, Barbaro B, Battle J, Brandhorst D, Cano J, Chen X, Deng S, Feddersen D, Friberg A, Gilmore T, Goldstein JS, Holbrook E, Khan A, Kin T, Lei J, Linetsky E, Liu C, Luo X, McElvaney K, Min Z, Moreno J, O'Gorman D, Papas KK, Putz G, Ricordi C, Szot G, Templeton T, Wang L, Wilhelm JJ, Willits J, Wilson T, Zhang X, Avila J, Begley B, Cano J, Carpentier S, Holbrook E, Hutchinson J, Larsen CP, Moreno J, Sears M, Turgeon NA, Webster D, Deng S, Lei J, Markmann JF, Bridges ND, Czarniecki CW, Goldstein JS, Putz G, Templeton T, Wilson T, Eggerman TL, Al-Saden P, Battle J, Chen X, Hecyk A, Kissler H, Luo X, Molitch M, Monson N, Stuart E, Wallia A, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang X, Bigam D, Campbell P, Dinyari P, Kin T, Kneteman N, Lyon J, Malcolm A, O'Gorman D, Onderka C, Owen R, Pawlick R, Richer B, Rosichuk S, Sarman D, Schroeder A, Senior PA, Shapiro AMJ, Toth L, Toth V, Zhai W, Johnson K, McElroy J, Posselt AM, Ramos M, Rojas T, Stock PG, Szot G, Barbaro B, Martellotto J, Oberholzer J, Qi M, Wang Y, Bayman L, Chaloner K, Clarke W, Dillon JS, Diltz C, Doelle GC, Ecklund D, Feddersen D, Foster E, Hunsicker LG, Jasperson C, Lafontant DE, McElvaney K, Neill-Hudson T, Nollen D, Qidwai J, Riss H, Schwieger T, Willits J, Yankey J, Alejandro R, Corrales AC, Faradji R, Froud T, Garcia AA, Herrada E, Ichii H, Inverardi L, Kenyon N, Khan A, Linetsky E, Montelongo J, Peixoto E, Peterson K, Ricordi C, Szust J, Wang X, Abdulla MH, Ansite J, Balamurugan AN, Bellin MD, Brandenburg M, Gilmore T, Harmon JV, Hering BJ, Kandaswamy R, Loganathan G, Mueller K, Papas KK, Pedersen J, Wilhelm JJ, Witson J, Dalton-Bakes C, Fu H, Kamoun M, Kearns J, Li Y, Liu C, Luning-Prak E, Luo Y, Markmann E, Min Z, Naji A, Palanjian M, Rickels M, Shlansky-Goldberg R, Vivek K, Ziaie AS, Fernandez L, Kaufman DB, Zitur L, Brandhorst D, Friberg A, Korsgren O. Purified Human Pancreatic Islets, CIT Culture Media with Lisofylline or Exenatide. CellR4 Repair Replace Regen Reprogram 2017; 5:e2377. [PMID: 30613755 PMCID: PMC6319648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Lechner J, Chen M, Hogg RE, Toth L, Silvestri G, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients produce higher levels of chemokines CCL2 (MCP-1) and CXCL8 (IL-8). J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:42. [PMID: 28231837 PMCID: PMC5324243 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infiltrating immune cells including monocytes/macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The aim of this study was to investigate the cytokine and chemokine expression and secretion profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from nAMD patients and the relationship between the cytokine/chemokine expression profile and clinical phenotype of nAMD, including macular fibrosis, macular atrophy or the responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. Methods One hundred sixty-one nAMD patients and 43 controls were enrolled in this study. nAMD patients were divided into subgroups based on the presence/absence of (1) macular atrophy, (2) macular fibrosis and (3) responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy; 25–30 ml of peripheral blood were obtained from all participants and 5 ml were used for serum collection, and the remaining were used for PBMC isolation using density gradient centrifugation. Intracellular cytokine expressions by PBMCs following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin stimulation were examined using flow cytometry. Cytokine productions in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-or 1% oxygen -treated PBMC were measured using cytometric bead array (CBA) assay. In addition, cytokine and chemokine levels in the serum were also measured by CBA assay. Results PBMCs from nAMD patients secreted higher levels of IL-8, CCL2 and VEGF, especially following LPS and 1% oxygen stimulation, than those from controls. 60~80% of IL-8 producing cells were CD11b+CD3− monocytes. The percentage of CD11b+CD3− IL-8+ was significantly increased in nAMD patients compared to controls. PBMCs from nAMD patients without macular fibrosis produced the highest levels of IL-8 and CCL2, whilst PBMCs from nAMD patients with macular atrophy produced highest levels of VEGF. In addition, PBMCs from patients who partially responded to anti-VEGF produced higher levels of IL-8 compared to the cells from complete responders. Interestingly, serum level of CCL2 was not increased in nAMD patients although there was a trend of increased IL-8 in nAMD patients. Conclusions PBMCs, in particular monocytes, may contribute to CNV development in nAMD through secreting elevated levels of IL-8, CCL2 and VEGF after they are recruited to the macula. Apart from VEGF, IL-8 and CCL2 may be additional targets for nAMD management. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0820-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lechner
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mei Chen
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ruth E Hogg
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Levente Toth
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Giuliana Silvestri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Usha Chakravarthy
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK. .,The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, Belfast, UK.
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Chen M, Lechner J, Zhao J, Toth L, Hogg R, Silvestri G, Kissenpfennig A, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. STAT3 Activation in Circulating Monocytes Contributes to Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Curr Mol Med 2016; 16:412-23. [PMID: 27009107 PMCID: PMC4839497 DOI: 10.2174/1566524016666160324130031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Infiltrating macrophages are critically involved in pathogenic angiogenesis such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Macrophages originate from circulating monocytes and three subtypes of monocyte exist in humans: classical (CD14+CD16-), non-classical (CD14-CD16+) and intermediate (CD14+CD16+) monocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of circulating monocyte in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Flow cytometry analysis showed that the intermediate monocytes from nAMD patients expressed higher levels of CX3CR1 and HLA-DR compared to those from controls. Monocytes from nAMD patients expressed higher levels of phosphorylated Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (pSTAT3), and produced higher amount of VEGF. In the mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), pSTAT3 expression was increased in the retina and RPE/choroid, and 49.24% of infiltrating macrophages express pSTAT3. Genetic deletion of the Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 3 (SOCS3) in myeloid cells in the LysM-Cre+/-:SOCS3fl/fl mice resulted in spontaneous STAT3 activation and accelerated CNV formation. Inhibition of STAT3 activation using a small peptide LLL12 suppressed laser-induced CNV. Our results suggest that monocytes, in particular the intermediate subset of monocytes are activated in nAMD patients. STAT3 activation in circulating monocytes may contribute to the development of choroidal neovascularisation in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - H Xu
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Kim J, Toth L, Wong L, Pritchard A, Galapin M. Procainamide Challenge for Diagnosing Brugada Syndrome: Development of Checklist and Standardized Protocol. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Murphy M, Barraj L, Toth L, Rampersaud G. Form and Specific Types of Fruit Consumed by Adults in the United States Differ by Sex, Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Income; WWEIA, NHANES 2009-2012. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Papp E, Kardos E, Toth L, Buttl A, Pap T, Repa I, Kerkovits G. PS136 Stemi Caused by a Non-Calcified Plaque Described on Coronary CTA One Day Earlier in a Young Patient. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Lechner J, Chen M, Hogg RE, Toth L, Silvestri G, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. Higher plasma levels of complement C3a, C4a and C5a increase the risk of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Complement activation in AMD. Immun Ageing 2016; 13:4. [PMID: 26884800 PMCID: PMC4754842 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma levels of complement C3a, C4a, and C5a in different types of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and whether the levels were related to patients’ responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. Results Ninety-six nAMD patients (including 61 with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), 17 with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), 14 with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and 4 unclassified patients) and 43 controls were recruited to this case–control study. Subretinal fibrosis was observed in 45 nAMD patients and was absent in 51 nAMD patients. In addition, the responsiveness to anti-VEGF (Lucentis) therapy was also evaluated in nAMD patients. Forty-four patients were complete responders, 48 were partially responders, and only 4 patients did not respond to the therapy. The plasma levels of C3a, C4a and C5a were significantly higher in nAMD patients compared to controls. Further analysis of nAMD subgroups showed that the levels of C3a, C4a and C5a were significantly increased in patients with CNV but not RAP and PCV. Significantly increased levels of C3a, C4a and C5a were also observed in nAMD patients with subretinal fibrosis but not in those without subretinal fibrosis. Higher levels of C3a were observed in nAMD patients who responded partially to anti-VEGF therapy. Conclusions Our results suggest increased systemic complement activation in nAMD patients with CNV but not RAP and PCV. Our results also suggest that higher levels of systemic complement activation may increase the risk of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-016-0060-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lechner
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Mei Chen
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Ruth E Hogg
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Levente Toth
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Giuliana Silvestri
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Usha Chakravarthy
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Heping Xu
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
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Chang AA, Broadhead GK, Hong T, Joachim N, Syed A, Schlub TE, Toth L, Peto T, Zhu M. Intravitreal Aflibercept for Treatment-Resistant Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 12-Month Safety and Efficacy Outcomes. Ophthalmic Res 2015; 55:84-90. [DOI: 10.1159/000440886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Lechner J, Chen M, Hogg RE, Toth L, Silvestri G, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. Alterations in Circulating Immune Cells in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16754. [PMID: 26572732 PMCID: PMC4648089 DOI: 10.1038/srep16754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries. Recent advances have highlighted the essential role of inflammation in the development of the disease. In addition to local retinal chronic inflammatory response, systemic immune alterations have also been observed in AMD patients. In this study we investigated the association between the frequency of circulating leukocyte populations and the prevalence as well as clinical presentations of nAMD. Leukocyte subsets of 103 nAMD patients (most of them were receiving anti-VEGF therapy prior to enrolment) and 26 controls were analysed by flow cytometry by relative cell size, granularity and surface markers. Circulating CD11b(+) cells and CD16(hi)HLA-DR(-) neutrophils were significantly increased (P = 0.015 and 0.009 respectively) in nAMD when compared to controls. The percentage of circulating CD4(+) T-cells was reduced in nAMD patients without subretinal fibrosis (P = 0.026) compared to patients with subretinal fibrosis. There was no correlation between the percentage of circulating leukocytes and the responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy in nAMD patients. Our results suggest that higher levels of circulating CD11b(+) cells and neutrophils are associated with nAMD and that reduced levels of CD4(+) T-cells are associated with the absence of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lechner
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mei Chen
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ruth E Hogg
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Levente Toth
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Giuliana Silvestri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Usha Chakravarthy
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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16
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Lenkey Z, Varga-Szemes A, Simor T, van der Geest RJ, Kirschner R, Toth L, Bodnar T, Brott BC, Elgavish A, Elgavish GA. Age-independent myocardial infarct quantification by signal intensity percent infarct mapping in swine. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 43:911-20. [PMID: 26354594 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To test whether signal intensity percent infarct mapping (SI-PIM) accurately determines the size of myocardial infarct (MI) regardless of infarct age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five swine with reperfused MI underwent 1.5T late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after bolus injection of 0.2 mmol/kg Gd(DTPA) on days 2-62 following MI. Animals were classified into acute, healing, and healed groups by pathology. Infarct volume (IV) and infarct fraction (IF) were determined by two readers, using binary techniques (including 2-5 standard deviations [SD] above the remote, and full-width at half-maximum) and the SI-PIM method. Triphenyl-tetrazolium-chloride staining (TTC) was performed as reference. Bias (percent under/overestimation of IV relative to TTC) of each quantification method was calculated. Bland-Altman analysis was done to test the accuracy of the quantification methods, while intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was done to assess intra- and interobserver agreement. RESULTS Bias of the MRI quantification methods do not depend on the age of the MI. Full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) and SI-PIM gave the best estimate of MI volume determined by the reference TTC (P-values for the FWHM and SI-PIM methods were 0.183, 0.26, 0.95, and 0.073, 0.091, 0.73 in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3, respectively), while using any of the binary thresholds of 2-4 SDs above the remote myocardium showed significant overestimation. The 5 SD method, however, provided similar IV compared to TTC and was shown to be independent of the size and age of MI. ICC analysis showed excellent inter- and intraobserver agreement between the readers. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the SI-PIM method can accurately determine MI volume regardless of the pathological stage of MI. Once tested, it may prove to be useful for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Lenkey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Medical School, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Akos Varga-Szemes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tamas Simor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Medical School, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Rob J van der Geest
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Kirschner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Levente Toth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tamas Bodnar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ada Elgavish
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Gabriel A Elgavish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Szuts V, Borcsok D, Otvos F, Kozak HR, Szuts M, Toth L, Welker E, Szekeres A, Papp T, Vagvolgyi CS. P685Reorganization of Kir2.x ion channel complex under stress effects on cardiomyocytes and neuronal cells. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Enyedi A, Csongor V, Szabo K, Takacs I, Sasi Szabo L, Vegh T, Toth L, Balog J, Takats Z. F-041 * REAL-TIME DETECTION OF METASTASES IN LYMPH NODES DURING THORACIC SURGERY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu167.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Szodoray P, Hajas A, Toth L, Szakall S, Nakken B, Soltesz P, Bodolay E. The beneficial effect of plasmapheresis in mixed connective tissue disease with coexisting antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2014; 23:1079-84. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203314533602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a rare case of a female patient with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) with coexisting antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Five years after the diagnosis of MCTD high concentrations of anticardiolipin (anti-CL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein (anti-β2GPI) autoantibodies were present in the patient’s serum without thrombotic events. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation provoked APS, with the clinical manifestations of livedo reticularis, digital gangrene and leg ulcers. Skin biopsy from the necrotic area showed multiple fibrin microthrombi in the superficial vessels. Corticosteroid pulse therapy, and plasma exchange in combination with synchronized cyclophosphamide was administered, which led to improvement of the digital gangrenes, while no new lesions developed. The number of CD27high plasma cells decreased, and the previous high levels of autoantibodies also normalized in the peripheral blood. In the case of MCTD with coexisting APS combination therapy, including plasmapheresis has beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Szodoray
- Institute of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - L Toth
- Department of Pathology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - S Szakall
- Department of Pathology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - B Nakken
- Institute of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Savolt A, Peley G, Toth L, Matrai Z, Polgar C, Horvath Z, Szabo E, Borbely K. 548 FDG-PET/CT Follow-up of Patients with Sentinel Node-Positive Breast Cancer After Axillary Nodal Irradiation Without Completion Axillary Dissection. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)70613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Mátrai Z, Toth L, Gulyas G, Kenessey I, Savolt A, Tinusz A, Ujhelyi M, Kasler M. 523 Evaluation of Patients' Knowledge, Need and Psychosocial Background in the Decision Making of Posmastectomy Breast Reconstruction in Hungary – A Questionnaire Study of 500 Cases. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)70588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Toth L. Doing away with 12-hour shifts. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 2011; 42:8. [PMID: 22043492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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23
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Kirschner R, Toth L, Varga-Szemes A, Simor T, Suranyi P, Kiss P, Ruzsics B, Toth A, Baker R, Brott BC, Litovsky S, Elgavish A, Elgavish GA. Differentiation of acute and four-week old myocardial infarct with Gd(ABE-DTTA)-enhanced CMR. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2010; 12:22. [PMID: 20377842 PMCID: PMC2867985 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-12-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard extracellular cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) contrast agents (CA) do not provide differentiation between acute and older myocardial infarcts (MI). The purpose of this study was to develop a method for differentiation between acute and older myocardial infarct using myocardial late-enhancement (LE) CMR by a new, low molecular weight contrast agent.Dogs (n = 6) were studied in a closed-chest, reperfused, double myocardial infarct model. Myocardial infarcts were generated by occluding the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery with an angioplasty balloon for 180 min, and four weeks later occluding the Left Circumflex (LCx) coronary artery for 180 min. LE images were obtained on day 3 and day 4 after second myocardial infarct, using Gd(DTPA) (standard extracellular contrast agent) and Gd(ABE-DTTA) (new, low molecular weight contrast agent), respectively. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) histomorphometry validated existence and location of infarcts. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining provided histologic evaluation of infarcts. RESULTS Gd(ABE-DTTA) or Gd(DTPA) highlighted the acute infarct, whereas the four-week old infarct was visualized by Gd(DTPA), but not by Gd(ABE-DTTA). With Gd(ABE-DTTA), the mean +/- SD signal intensity enhancement (SIE) was 366 +/- 166% and 24 +/- 59% in the acute infarct and the four-week old infarct, respectively (P < 0.05). The latter did not differ significantly from signal intensity in healthy myocardium (P = NS). Gd(DTPA) produced signal intensity enhancements which were similar in acute (431 +/- 124%) and four-week old infarcts (400 +/- 124%, P = NS), and not statistically different from the Gd(ABE-DTTA)-induced SIE in acute infarct. The existence and localization of both infarcts were confirmed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). Histologic evaluation demonstrated coagulation necrosis, inflammation, and multiple foci of calcification in the four day old infarct, while the late subacute infarct showed granulation tissue and early collagen deposition. CONCLUSIONS Late enhancement CMR with separate administrations of standard extracellular contrast agent, Gd(DTPA), and the new low molecular weight contrast agent, Gd(ABE-DTTA), differentiates between acute and late subacute infarct in a reperfused, double infarct, canine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kirschner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Hungary
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Levente Toth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Akos Varga-Szemes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Hungary
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tamas Simor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Hungary
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Pal Suranyi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Pal Kiss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Balazs Ruzsics
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Attila Toth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Robert Baker
- Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Silvio Litovsky
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ada Elgavish
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Gabriel A Elgavish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, MCLM 556, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005, USA
- Elgavish Paramagnetics Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Spiegel ET, Lee P, Toth L, Zipfel W. Studying Fluorescent Proteins in Living Cells: An Application for Segmented Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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25
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Enninghorst N, Toth L, King K, Evans J, Balogh Z. TS11�*ACUTE INTERNAL FIXATION OF PELVIC RING FRACTURES: SAFE AND EFFICIENT. ANZ J Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04934_11.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Nemcsik J, Szökö E, Soltész Z, Fodor E, Toth L, Egresits J, Tábi T, Magyar K, Kiss I. Alteration of serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in chronic renal failure. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:841-3. [PMID: 17431736 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent intensive investigations, physiological and pathological role of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is far from clear. In this study, serum SSAO activity was determined, radiochemically, in various groups of uremic patients: haemodialysed (HD), peritoneally dialysed (PD) and those receiving conservative treatment but still not dialysed (ND), as well as in controls. Reduced enzyme activity was found in HD uremic patients before and after dialysis treatment, compared to controls (5260 +/- 862 and 6011 +/- 958 pmol/h/ml vs. 8601 +/- 283 pmol/h/ml, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). The activity was slightly lower in PD, and normal in ND patients. In HD patients SSAO activity was also determined by an assay based on the formation of hydrogen peroxide, and was found to be elevated compared to controls (2384 +/- 323 pmol/h/ml vs. 1437 +/- 72 pmol/h/ml, p < 0.05). The elevated serum SSAO activity measured through the detection of the enzyme-generated hydrogen peroxide in HD patients might indicate its contribution to the accelerated atherosclerotic disease observed in uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nemcsik
- Angiology and Nephrology Division, Institute of Internal Medicine, St Imre Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
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27
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Faludi R, Toth L. A strong negative correlation was found between heart rate variability and left ventricular mass in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. Am Heart J 2006; 152:e13; author reply e15. [PMID: 16824819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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Barta Z, Toth L, Szabo GG, Szegedi G, Zeher M. Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Gut 2004; 53:1058. [PMID: 15194669 PMCID: PMC1774117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Vereczkei A, Illenyi L, Arany A, Szabo Z, Toth L, Horváth OP. Transvaginal extraction of the laparoscopically removed spleen. Surg Endosc 2003; 17:157. [PMID: 12399871 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-002-4509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2002] [Accepted: 07/31/2002] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Laparoscopic removal of normal and moderately enlarged spleens has become the gold standard operation in recent years because its short operative time, technical safety, and quick patient recovery time. The best method for extraction of the removed spleen, however, has not yet been determined. The authors present a new method for the extraction of the laparoscopically removed spleen. Using a transvaginal approach, the organ is removed through an incision on the posterior vaginal wall and exteriorized in a laparobag. The procedure is similar to a routine vaginal hysterectomy, but is technically much simpler to perform.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vereczkei
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Mirza I, Wolk J, Toth L, Rostenberg P, Kranwinkel R, Sieber SC. Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome secondary to Capnocytophaga canimorsus septicemia and demonstration of bacteremia by peripheral blood smear. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124:859-63. [PMID: 10835521 DOI: 10.5858/2000-124-0859-wfsstc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome caused by Capnocytophaga canimorsus septicemia was fatal in a previously healthy 47-year-old woman. The patient died suddenly in less than 12 hours after presentation, in spite of supportive measures, including ventilation, antibiotic coverage, pressor therapy, and multiple transfusions of blood products. The diagnosis of infection due to an unusual organism was suspected earlier in the course of management after review of the peripheral blood smear. The importance of the findings in the blood smear and their correlation with infection due to this organism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mirza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Danbury Hospital, CT 06810, USA
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Nagy EV, Toth J, Kaldi I, Damjanovich J, Mezosi E, Lenkey A, Toth L, Szabo J, Karanyi Z, Leovey A. Graves' ophthalmopathy: eye muscle involvement in patients with diplopia. Eur J Endocrinol 2000; 142:591-7. [PMID: 10832104 DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1420591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diplopia identifies patients with eye muscle involvement in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). OBJECTIVE To identify clinical parameters that could eliminate the need for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the activity of inflammation in the eye muscles of GO patients with diplopia. METHODS In 43 patients with GO with recently developed diplopia, orbital ultrasound and MRI were performed. Muscle diameters and MRI T2 relaxation times were measured, and the amount of orbital connective tissue was calculated from MRI scans and compared with ultrasound readings, diplopia grades, degree of protrusion, ocular pressure, tear production, antibody levels and hormonal parameters of thyroid function. RESULTS No correlation was found between diameters of 233 extraocular muscles measured by MRI and by ultrasound. For each of the four muscles, there was a diameter above which ultrasound was always unreliable. MRI data were used in further analysis. Of the muscles examined, the inferior rectuses were the most frequently enlarged - at least one, in 93% of cases. Medial, lateral and superior rectuses were enlarged in 59%, 37% and 34% of the orbits respectively. The pattern of muscle involvement of the two orbits tended to be symmetric (r=0.49, P=0.003), particularly for the medial rectuses (r=0.90, P=0.000). Proptosis correlated with the sum of the muscle diameters for a given eye (right eye: r=0.54, P=0.003; left eye: r=0.57, P=0.001), but it failed to correlate with the amount of orbital connective tissue. In 53% of the patients, normal T2 relaxation times were found in all eight muscles. There was only a weak correlation between muscle thickness and T2 relaxation time (r=0.49, P=0.003), indicating that muscle enlargement alone is not a sign of disease activity. The severity of diplopia was independent of T2 relaxation time. The amount of orbital connective tissue showed a negative correlation with the greatest T2 relaxation time for a given eye (r= -0.52, P=0.004); this suggests that disease types exist that have predominant muscle involvement and predominant connective tissue expansion. No correlation between connective tissue expansion and proptosis, diplopia grade, muscle thickness or disease duration was found - that is, connective tissue expansion is not a major factor in diplopia. Both muscle and connective tissue findings were independent of thyroid function. CONCLUSION Ultrasound and MRI eye muscle diameter readings do not correlate, because of the inherent inaccuracy of orbital ultrasound. Muscle enlargement alone does not mean oedematous swelling and active disease. Neither ultrasound, nor any combination of 11 clinical and laboratory parameters provided the degree of information on muscles and connective tissue that was obtainable by MRI. In unclear cases of recently developed diplopia, before orbital decompression surgery, in the case of treatment failure or if, for any other reason, imaging is needed in GO, MRI is the method of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Nagy
- Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Toth L. Coding for dollars. Health Manag Technol 2000; 21:34-6. [PMID: 11406971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Toth
- Ernst & Young, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Srivastava RA, Toth L, Srivastava N, Hinsdale ME, Maeda N, Cefalu AB, Averna M, Schonfeld G. Regulation of the apolipoprotein B in heterozygous hypobetalipoproteinemic knock-out mice expressing truncated apoB, B81. Low production and enhanced clearance of apoB cause low levels of apoB. Mol Cell Biochem 1999; 202:37-46. [PMID: 10705993 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007030531478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of cholesterol are protective against development of coronary artery disease. Heterozygous hypobetalipoproteinemic individuals expressing truncated apolipoprotein (apo)B as a result of mutation in the apob gene have low levels of cholesterol and apoB in their plasma. To study the molecular mechanism of low levels of apoB in these individuals, we employed a previously reported knock out mouse model generated by targeted modification of the apob gene. The heterozygous, apoB-100/B-81, mice express full length and truncated apoB, B-81, and have 20 and 35% lower levels of total cholesterol and apoB, respectively, when compared to WT (apoB-100/B-100) mice. The majority of the truncated apoB, B-81, fractionated in the VLDL- density range. The mechanism of low levels of apoB in B-100/B-81 mice was examined. Total hepatic apoB mRNA levels decreased by 15%, primarily due to lower levels of apoB-81 mRNA. Since apoB mRNA transcription rates were similar in B-100/B-100 and B-100/B-81 mice, low levels of mutant apoB-81 mRNA occurred by enhanced degradation of apoB mRNA transcript containing premature translational stop codon. ApoB synthesis measured on isolated hepatocytes decreased in B-100/B-81 mice by 35%, while apoB-48, apoE, and apoAI syntheses remained unchanged. Metabolic studies using whole animal showed a 32% decrease in triglyceride secretion rates, consistent with the apoB secretion rates. Inhibition of receptor-mediated clearance of apoB-81-containing particles resulted in greater relative accumulation of apoB-81 in plasma than apoB-100, suggesting enhanced clearance of apoB-81-containing particles. These results demonstrate that low levels of apoB in heterozygous hypobetalipoproteinemic mice occurs by low rates of apoB secretion, and increased clearance of truncated apoB. Similar mechanisms appear to contribute to low levels of apoB in hypobetalipoproteinemic humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Srivastava
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Alexander C, Villena-Heinsen CE, Schaefer A, Toth L, Schmidt W, Kirsch CM. Monoclonal antibody MAb-170 for immunoscintigraphic detection of ovarian tumors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 181:513-7. [PMID: 10486456 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The technetium Tc 99m-labeled monoclonal antibody MAb-170 was designed for diagnostic use in patients with gynecologic adenocarcinoma. Our investigation was initiated to verify its usefulness for radioimmunoscintigraphy of ovarian tumors. STUDY DESIGN Most of the 82 patients participating in this study underwent immunoscintigraphy before first-look surgery. RESULTS Radioimmunoscintigraphy recognized 36 of 41 patients with adenocarcinoma of the ovaries, corresponding to an overall sensitivity of 88%. Specificity was 90% (38/42). The calculation of accuracy gave a result of 89% (74/83). Of 110 known lesions, 92 were visualized successfully; thus the local-regional sensitivity was 84%. Of 160 benign tumor sites, 154 showed no evidence of tracer accumulation, corresponding to a local-regional specificity of 96%. The smallest lesion visualized was an adenocarcinoma of the corpus uteri with a diameter of 1.5 cm. CONCLUSION The monoclonal antibody MAb-170 is a promising radiopharmaceutical for immunoscintigraphy of ovarian adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alexander
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Schryvers D, Yandouzi M, Holland-Moritz D, Toth L. HRTEM Study of Austenite and Martensite in Splat-Cooled and Nanoscale thin Film Ni-Al. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:1997532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Maeda N, Hinsdale M, Mezdour H, Sullivan P, Toth L. 4.W21.4 Strategies for altering the mouse genome and their application to studying atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Bengtsson A, Blomberg J, Nived O, Pipkorn R, Toth L, Sturfelt G. Selective antibody reactivity with peptides from human endogenous retroviruses and nonviral poly(amino acids) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39:1654-63. [PMID: 8843855 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780391007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate antibody responses to a broad panel of peptides derived from human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) among unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS In sera obtained from 69 patients with SLE and healthy blood donors, immunoassay was used to measure levels of antibody against synthetic peptides derived from HERVs, exogenous retroviruses, and nonviral poly(amino acids). RESULTS Measurement by immunoassay revealed increased frequencies of antiretroviral antibodies against 2 peptides derived from the env gene of the type C-like class, which includes ERV-9 and HERV-H, and against 2 peptides from the gag region of human T lymphotropic virus type I-related endogenous sequence 1, in patients with SLE. Antibodies to 2 nonviral peptides, polyhistidine and polyproline, were also overrepresented in patient sera. In 1 patient, longitudinal data obtained over a period of 12 years indicated that the concentrations of certain antiretroviral antibodies varied according to disease activity. CONCLUSION Reactivity to certain type C HERV-derived antigens was found among patients with SLE. This reactivity could be explained by increased exposure to cross-reactive epitopes from essentially complete type C HERVs.
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Soulen RJ, Francavilla TL, Drews AR, Toth L, Osofsky MS, Lechter WL, Skelton EF. Transport studies of bulk Pb0.2Hg0.8Ba2Ca1.75Cu3Ox. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:1393-1396. [PMID: 9978314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
Neurons in the primary visual cortex of the cat are selectively activated by stimuli with particular orientations. This selectivity can be disrupted by the application of antagonists of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to a local region of the cortex. In order to determine whether inhibitory inputs are necessary for a single cortical neuron to show orientation selectivity, GABA receptors were blocked intracellularly during whole cell recording. Although the membrane potential, spontaneous activity, subfield antagonism, and directional selectivity of neurons were altered after they were perfused internally with the blocking solution, 18 out of 18 neurons remained selective for stimulus orientation. These results indicate that excitatory inputs are sufficient to generate orientation selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nelson
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139
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Nelson A, Toth L, Brady S, Lynch ML, Hanak M. AASCIN strategic plan--1993-1998. SCI Nurs 1993; 10:114-20. [PMID: 7863304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A long-standing commitment to planned growth and development are essential for the AASCIN to be effective in influencing the direction of spinal cord injury (SCI) nursing. Recognizing these needs, a long-range planning initiative was supported by the Board of Directors in March, 1990. A task force was charged with the responsibility for outlining the future of the AASCIN through the development of a five-year strategic plan. The long-range planning initiative was divided into two segments. First, a Delphi Study was developed to obtain membership input into AASCIN's priorities. Once this data was collected, the Strategic Planning Task Force synthesized the results of the study and developed a five-year AASCIN strategic plan. The purpose of this article is to describe the process and content of the proposed AASCIN strategic plan. The report begins with a brief description of the Delphi Survey, which forms the foundation for the strategic plan. Since the strategic plan needs to be congruent with the organization's mission statement and goals, the organizational plan of AASCIN is presented. Lastly, a brief summary of how the organization proposes to use this strategic planning document is provided.
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Perkash A, Sullivan G, Toth L, Bradleigh LH, Linder SH, Perkash I. Persistent hypercoagulation associated with heterotopic ossification in patients with spinal cord injury long after injury has occurred. Paraplegia 1993; 31:653-9. [PMID: 8259328 DOI: 10.1038/sc.1993.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Three patients are presented with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) complicated by acute heterotopic ossification (HO), and concurrent deep vein thrombosis 15 months, 18 months and 22 years after SCI, accompanied by persistent hypercoagulation. The diagnosis of HO preceded deep vein thrombosis in all three patients. All were treated with etidronate disodium and therapeutic heparin followed by oral anticoagulation. As these patients were not acutely injured, the questions arose as to what predisposed them to deep vein thrombosis and when was the appropriate time to discontinue anticoagulation. Over a course of 3 years following deep vein thrombosis, these patients were monitored for evidence of hypercoagulation by D-dimer assay, plasma fibrinogen estimation, and rate of whole blood clotting by Sonoclot coagulation analyzer. The activity of acute HO was assessed by three-phase bone scan. A steady state of hypercoagulation, reflected by an increase in all three parameters, ran parallel to the extent of acute HO for the entire observation period. Moreover, hypercoagulation was persistently greater during increased acute HO activity even when the warfarin-induced prothrombin time ratio was 1.2-1.5. In addition, as acute heterotopic ossification activity decreased, the test values returned to near normal during warfarin therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perkash
- Spinal Cord Injury Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, California 94304
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Krueger JM, Obal F, Opp M, Toth L, Johannsen L, Cady AB. Somnogenic cytokines and models concerning their effects on sleep. Yale J Biol Med 1990; 63:157-72. [PMID: 2205056 PMCID: PMC2589298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
All the sleep-promoting substances currently identified also have other biological activities. Despite years of effort, a single specific central nervous system sleep center has not been described. These observations led us to propose a biochemical model of a sleep activational system in which the effects of several sleep factors are integrated into a regulatory scheme. These sleep factors interact by altering the metabolism, production, or activity of each other and thereby result in multiple feedback loops. This web of interactions leads to sleep stability in that minor challenges to the system will not greatly alter sleep. The system, however, is responsive to strong perturbations, such as sleep deprivation and infectious disease. The sleep-promoting effects of cytokines and their interactions with prostaglandins and the neuroendocrine system are used to illustrate the functioning of a part of the sleep activational system under normal conditions and during infectious disease. Although the actions of individuals sleep factors are not specific to sleep, their interactions at various levels of the neuraxis can mediate a specific sleep response. Such a system would also be responsive to the autonomic and environmental parameters that alter sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Krueger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163
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Kurtz RL, Robey SW, Stockbauer RL, Mueller D, Shih A, Toth L. Resonant excitation of an oxygen valence satellite in photoemission from high-Tc superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:4768-4771. [PMID: 9948852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kurtz RL, Stockbauer R, Madey TE, Mueller D, Shih A, Toth L. Initial stages of degradation of superconductor surfaces: O2, H2O, CO2, and CO chemisorption on La2-xSrxCuO4. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 37:7936-7939. [PMID: 9944116 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.7936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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DeLeo J, Toth L, Schubert P, Rudolphi K, Kreutzberg GW. Ischemia-induced neuronal cell death, calcium accumulation, and glial response in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil and protection by propentofylline (HWA 285). J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1987; 7:745-51. [PMID: 2447106 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1987.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The localization and timing of cellular calcium loading and glial cell reaction in relation to selective death of hippocampal neurons was studied in Mongolian gerbils following transient forebrain ischemia. Two days after a 5-min period of ischemia, heavy calcium staining was histochemically demonstrated in circumscribed groups of nerve cells, located in the transition zone between the CA1 and CA3 areas. This preceded complete neuronal cell death that was quantitatively assessed by measuring the intensity of Nissl staining. After a 12-min period of ischemia, extensive calcium loading was observed in conjunction with severe neuronal damage throughout the CA1 region as well in the dorsal nuclei of the thalamus. The extent of calcium staining decreased with time and was not seen at stages later than 7 days. Already at 2 days after a 5-min period of ischemia, a strong increase of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity was seen. This indicates a marked and early hypertrophy of astrocytes that was not accompanied by an obvious proliferation. Neither the astrocytic response nor the neuronal calcium accumulation were observed in gerbils pretreated with propentofylline, HWA 285 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before bilateral carotid artery occlusion. Also, the decrease of Nissl staining in the CA1 area after 5 and 12 min of ischemia was considerably less pronounced and did not significantly differ from sham-operated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- J DeLeo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oklahoma, Norman
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Pande CS, Singh AK, Toth L, Gubser DU, Wolf S. Domainlike defects observed in the high-temperature superconductor Y-Ba-Cu-O. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 36:5669-5671. [PMID: 9942229 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.5669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Rhyne JJ, Neumann DA, Gotaas JA, Beech F, Toth L, Lawrence S, Wolf S, Osofsky M, Gubser DU. Phonon density of states of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 and the nonsuperconducting analog YBa2Cu3O6. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 36:2294-2297. [PMID: 9943081 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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