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Mørk T, Eira HI, Rødven R, Nymo IH, Blomstrand BM, Guttormsen S, Olsen L, Davidson RK. Necropsy findings, meat control pathology and causes of loss in semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in northern Norway. Acta Vet Scand 2024; 66:1. [PMID: 38178262 PMCID: PMC10768120 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-023-00723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reindeer herding in Norway is based on traditional Sámi pastoralism with the animals free ranging throughout the year. The animals move over large areas in varying terrain and often in challenging weather conditions. Winter crises, such as difficult grazing conditions caused by icing or large amounts of snow, are survival bottlenecks for reindeer. Calves are especially vulnerable, and many may die from starvation during winter crises. Predation and starvation are the predominant narratives to explain losses, however, carcasses are difficult to find and often little remains after scavenging and decay. Documentation of the causes of death is therefore scarce. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the cause of reindeer mortality in Troms and Finnmark, Nordland and Trøndelag during 2017-2019. Necropsies (n = 125) and organ investigation (n = 13) were performed to document cause of death. Body condition was evaluated using visual fat score and bone marrow fat index. A wide range of causes of death was detected. The diagnoses were categorized into the following main categories: predation (n = 40), emaciation (n = 35), infectious disease (n = 20), trauma (n = 11), feeding related disease (n = 5), neoplasia (n = 4), others (n = 6) and unknown (n = 17). Co-morbidities were seen in a number of diagnoses (n = 16). Reindeer herders are entitled to economic compensation for reindeer killed by endangered predators, but a lack of documentation leads to a gap between the amount of compensation requested and what is awarded. An important finding of our study was that predators, during winter, killed animals in good as well as poor body condition. Emaciation was also shown to be associated with infectious diseases, and not only attributable to winter grazing conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of examining dead reindeer to gain knowledge about why they die on winter pasture. The work presented herein also shows the feasibility and value of increased documentation of reindeer losses during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torill Mørk
- Section of Food Safety and Animal Health Research, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 9016, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Henrik Isaksen Eira
- Norwegian Nature Surveillance, Local Office, Finnmark Estate, 9521, Kautokeino, Norway
| | - Rolf Rødven
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, AMAP, FRAM Centre, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Helena Nymo
- Section of Food Safety and Animal Health Research, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 9016, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens Veg 18, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Sandra Guttormsen
- Section of Food Safety and Animal Health Research, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 9016, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Line Olsen
- Section of Food Safety and Animal Health Research, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 9016, Tromsø, Norway
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Shoshone AL, Keith J, Olsen L, Barney N, Clark C, LeBeau J, Meyers D, Mills C, Mionczynski J, Panzetanga V, Wechsler A. Enacting Treaty Rights through Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Foods on the Wind River Indian Reservation. J Poverty 2021; 26:438-457. [PMID: 36035590 PMCID: PMC9400809 DOI: 10.1080/10875549.2021.1953674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite great loss in gathering and consumption of traditional foods among Indigenous communities, there is great hope for reclaiming and preserving knowledge. The Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering (RSAFG) is a community group leading grassroots efforts on the Wind River reservation to reclaim Shoshone ancestral foods and promote food sovereignty. The story of the RSAFG promotes equitable, decolonized, and community empowered methods of reclaiming Indigenous foods by sharing three of RSAFG's acts of decolonization: 1) enacting treaty rights through gathering traditional plants, 2) demanding equitable partnerships in community-based research, and 3) sharing the story through radical authorship via layered narratives. A pesar de la gran pérdida en la recolección y el consumo de alimentos tradicionales entre las comunidades indígenas, existe una gran esperanza para recuperar y preservar el conocimiento. El Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering (RSAFG) es un grupo comunitario que lidera los esfuerzos de base en la reserva wind river para recuperar los alimentos ancestrales shoshone y promover la soberanía alimentaria. La historia de la RSAFG promueve métodos equitativos, descolonizados y empoderados por la comunidad para recuperar los alimentos indígenas al compartir tres de los actos de descolonización de RSAFG: 1) promulgar los derechos de los tratados mediante la recolección de plantas tradicionales, 2) exigir asociaciones equitativas en la investigación basada en la comunidad, y 3) compartir la historia a través de la autoría radical a través de narrativas en capas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J.F. Keith
- Department of Family & Consumer Sciences, University of
Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - L. Olsen
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - N. Barney
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - C. Clark
- Indian Health Services, Wind River Service Unit, Fort
Washakie, USA
| | - J.L. LeBeau
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - D. Meyers
- Eastern Shoshone Tribal Health, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - C. Mills
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - J. Mionczynski
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - V. Panzetanga
- Restoring Shoshone Ancestral Food Gathering, Wind River
Indian Reservation, Fort Washakie, USA
| | - A. Wechsler
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, University of
Wyoming, Laramie, USA
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Larsen KM, Mørup M, Birknow MR, Fischer E, Olsen L, Didriksen M, Baaré WFC, Werge TM, Garrido MI, Siebner HR. Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome show intact prediction but reduced adaptation in responses to repeated sounds: Evidence from Bayesian mapping. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 22:101721. [PMID: 30785050 PMCID: PMC6383326 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common copy number variants, the 22q11.2 microdeletion, confers an increased risk for schizophrenia. Since schizophrenia has been associated with an aberrant neural response to repeated stimuli through both reduced adaptation and prediction, we here hypothesized that this may also be the case in nonpsychotic individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion. We recorded high-density EEG from 19 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (12-25 years), as well as 27 healthy volunteers with comparable age and sex distribution, while they listened to a sequence of sounds arranged in a roving oddball paradigm. Using posterior probability maps and dynamic causal modelling we tested three different models accounting for repetition dependent changes in cortical responses as well as in effective connectivity; namely an adaptation model, a prediction model, and a model including both adaptation and prediction. Repetition-dependent changes were parametrically modulated by a combination of adaptation and prediction and were apparent in both cortical responses and in the underlying effective connectivity. This effect was reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion and was negatively correlated with negative symptom severity. Follow-up analysis showed that the reduced effect of the combined adaptation and prediction model seen in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion was driven by reduced adaptation rather than prediction failure. Our findings suggest that adaptation is reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion, which can be interpreted in light of the framework of predictive coding as a failure to suppress prediction errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Melissa Larsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Morten Mørup
- DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michelle Rosgaard Birknow
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark; Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500, Valby, Denmark
| | - Elvira Fischer
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Didriksen
- Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500, Valby, Denmark
| | - William Frans Christiaan Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mears Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Isabel Garrido
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Brisbane, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Brisbane, Australia; School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Forsingdal A, Jørgensen TN, Olsen L, Werge T, Didriksen M, Nielsen J. Can Animal Models of Copy Number Variants That Predispose to Schizophrenia Elucidate Underlying Biology? Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:13-24. [PMID: 30144930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of schizophrenia rests on clinical criteria that cannot be assessed in animal models. Together with absence of a clear underlying pathology and understanding of what causes schizophrenia, this has hindered development of informative animal models. However, recent large-scale genomic studies have identified copy number variants (CNVs) that confer high risk of schizophrenia and have opened a new avenue for generation of relevant animal models. Eight recurrent CNVs have reproducibly been shown to increase the risk of schizophrenia by severalfold: 22q11.2(del), 15q13.3(del), 1q21(del), 1q21(dup), NRXN1(del), 3q29(del), 7q11.23(dup), and 16p11.2(dup). Five of these CNVs have been modeled in animals, mainly mice, but also rats, flies, and zebrafish, and have been shown to recapitulate behavioral and electrophysiological aspects of schizophrenia. Here, we provide an overview of the schizophrenia-related phenotypes found in animal models of schizophrenia high-risk CNVs. We also discuss strengths and limitations of the CNV models, and how they can advance our biological understanding of mechanisms that can lead to schizophrenia and can be used to develop new and better treatments for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Forsingdal
- Division of Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Nygaard Jørgensen
- Division of Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Didriksen
- Division of Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde
| | - Jacob Nielsen
- Division of Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Mental Health Center, Sankt Hans Hospital, Mental Health Services, Roskilde.
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Olsen J, Ridings J, Dickinson J, DeWing M, Pomerenke L, Sharon I, Dial C, Gascoigne A, Jones J, Olsen L, Foy JC, Clemons A, Durazo S, Ulloa A, Petit J. Patient Reported Outcomes From a Prospective Risk-Adapted Breast IORT Registry Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Citerni C, Kirchhoff J, Olsen L, Gentilini F, Forni M, Zannoni A, Edvardsson N, Bentzen B, Grunnet M, Diness J. P3811SK channel inhibition did not increase short-term variability of the QT intervals in atrial tachypaced pigs with left ventricular dysfunction in contrast to the positive control dofetilide. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Citerni
- University of Copenhagen, biomedical institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - L Olsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Gentilini
- University of Bologna, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Forni
- University of Bologna, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Zannoni
- University of Bologna, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - N Edvardsson
- University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - J Diness
- Acesion Pharma, Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Olsen L, Sparsø T, Weinsheimer SM, Dos Santos MBQ, Mazin W, Rosengren A, Sanchez XC, Hoeffding LK, Schmock H, Baekvad-Hansen M, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Daly MJ, Neale BM, Pedersen MG, Agerbo E, Mors O, Børglum A, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Geschwind DH, Pedersen C, Thompson WK, Werge T. Prevalence of rearrangements in the 22q11.2 region and population-based risk of neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders in a Danish population: a case-cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:573-580. [PMID: 29886042 PMCID: PMC6560180 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pathogenic nature of copy number variants (CNVs) on chromosome 22q11.2 has been recognised for decades, unbiased estimates of their population prevalence, mortality, disease risks, and diagnostic trajectories are absent. We aimed to provide the true population prevalence of 22q11.2 CNVs and associated trajectory of disease risk and mortality by use of the unbiased, representative Danish iPSYCH population case cohort. METHODS This case-cohort study was done on a population of 86 189 individuals selected from the iPSYCH case cohort of 1 472 762 singletons born in Denmark between May 1, 1981, and Dec 31, 2005, who have a known mother from the Danish Civil Registration System, were residents in Denmark at 1 year of age, and enrolled in the iPSYCH Initiative. We used epidemiological methods in conjunction with nationwide hospital registers to analyse the iPSYCH case cohort of individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, autism, or bipolar disorder and a random population-based sample. The main outcomes assessed were the population prevalence of 22q11.2 rearrangements, and associated unbiased, population-adjusted estimates and 31-year disease risk trajectories for major neuropsychiatric disorders. FINDINGS Population prevalence in the Danish population was one in 3672 (seven of 25 704 [0·027%; 95% CI 0·012-0·057]) for deletions and one in 1606 (17 of 25 704 [0·066%; 0·040-0·107]) for duplications. Mortality after the age of 1 year among carriers was zero, and hazard ratios for neuropsychiatric disorders ranged from 2·60 to 82·44 for both rearrangements. By the age of 32 years, about 10% of individuals with deletions or duplications had developed ADHD, autism, or intellectual disability, and deletion carriers had higher probability than duplication carriers of co-occurring intellectual disability or epilepsy. INTERPRETATION The significantly different prevalence of 22q11.2 duplications and deletions indicates distinct selective pressures on these rearrangements. Although risk of congenital abnormalities, developmental delay, and intellectual disability is elevated in deletion carriers, the overall prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders is higher in duplication carriers, which implies that identification and clinical monitoring should extend beyond congenital traits and into child and adolescent psychiatry. FUNDING Capital Region's Research Foundation for Mental Health Research, The Lundbeck Foundation, and US National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shantel M Weinsheimer
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marcelo Bertalan Quintanilha Dos Santos
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wiktor Mazin
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Rosengren
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xabier Calle Sanchez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise K Hoeffding
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette Schmock
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Baekvad-Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marianne G Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Agerbo
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Anders Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, and Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carsten Pedersen
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Larsen KM, Mørup M, Birknow MR, Fischer E, Hulme O, Vangkilde A, Schmock H, Baaré WFC, Didriksen M, Olsen L, Werge T, Siebner HR, Garrido MI. Altered auditory processing and effective connectivity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:328-336. [PMID: 29395612 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is one of the most common copy number variants and confers a markedly increased risk for schizophrenia. As such, 22q11.2DS is a homogeneous genetic liability model which enables studies to delineate functional abnormalities that may precede disease onset. Mismatch negativity (MMN), a brain marker of change detection, is reduced in people with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Using dynamic causal modelling (DCM), previous studies showed that top-down effective connectivity linking the frontal and temporal cortex is reduced in schizophrenia relative to healthy controls in MMN tasks. In the search for early risk-markers for schizophrenia we investigated the neural basis of change detection in a group with 22q11.2DS. We recorded high-density EEG from 19 young non-psychotic 22q11.2 deletion carriers, as well as from 27 healthy non-carriers with comparable age distribution and sex ratio, while they listened to a sequence of sounds arranged in a roving oddball paradigm. Despite finding no significant reduction in the MMN responses, whole-scalp spatiotemporal analysis of responses to the tones revealed a greater fronto-temporal N1 component in the 22q11.2 deletion carriers. DCM showed reduced intrinsic connection within right primary auditory cortex as well as in the top-down, connection from the right inferior frontal gyrus to right superior temporal gyrus for 22q11.2 deletion carriers although not surviving correction for multiple comparison. We discuss these findings in terms of reduced adaptation and a general increased sensitivity to tones in 22q11.2DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Melissa Larsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark; DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark.
| | - Morten Mørup
- DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Michelle Rosgaard Birknow
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Elvira Fischer
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Oliver Hulme
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Anders Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henriette Schmock
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - William Frans Christiaan Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hartwig R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta I Garrido
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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9
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Ni G, Moser G, Wray NR, Lee SH, Ripke S, Neale BM, Corvin A, Walters JT, Farh KH, Holmans PA, Lee P, Bulik-Sullivan B, Collier DA, Huang H, Pers TH, Agartz I, Agerbo E, Albus M, Alexander M, Amin F, Bacanu SA, Begemann M, Belliveau RA, Bene J, Bergen SE, Bevilacqua E, Bigdeli TB, Black DW, Bruggeman R, Buccola NG, Buckner RL, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cai G, Campion D, Cantor RM, Carr VJ, Carrera N, Catts SV, Chambert KD, Chan RC, Chen RY, Chen EY, Cheng W, Cheung EF, Chong SA, Cloninger CR, Cohen D, Cohen N, Cormican P, Craddock N, Crowley JJ, Curtis D, Davidson M, Davis KL, Degenhardt F, Del Favero J, Demontis D, Dikeos D, Dinan T, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Durmishi N, Eichhammer P, Eriksson J, Escott-Price V, Essioux L, Fanous AH, Farrell MS, Frank J, Franke L, Freedman R, Freimer NB, Friedl M, Friedman JI, Fromer M, Genovese G, Georgieva L, Giegling I, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Godard S, Goldstein JI, Golimbet V, Gopal S, Gratten J, de Haan L, Hammer C, Hamshere ML, Hansen M, Hansen T, Haroutunian V, Hartmann AM, Henskens FA, Herms S, Hirschhorn JN, Hoffmann P, Hofman A, Hollegaard MV, Hougaard DM, Ikeda M, Joa I, Juliá A, Kahn RS, Kalaydjieva L, Karachanak-Yankova S, Karjalainen J, Kavanagh D, Keller MC, Kennedy JL, Khrunin A, Kim Y, Klovins J, Knowles JA, Konte B, Kucinskas V, Kucinskiene ZA, Kuzelova-Ptackova H, Kähler AK, Laurent C, Keong JLC, Legge SE, Lerer B, Li M, Li T, Liang KY, Lieberman J, Limborska S, Loughland CM, Lubinski J, Lönnqvist J, Macek M, Magnusson PK, Maher BS, Maier W, Mallet J, Marsal S, Mattheisen M, Mattingsda M, McCarley RW, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, Meier S, Meijer CJ, Melegh B, Melle I, Mesholam-Gately RI, Metspalu A, Michie PT, Milani L, Milanova V, Mokrab Y, Morris DW, Mors O, Murphy KC, Murray RM, Myin-Germeys I, Müller-Myhsok B, Nelis M, Nenadic I, Nertney DA, Nestadt G, Nicodemus KK, Nikitina-Zake L, Nisenbaum L, Nordin A, O’Callaghan E, O’Dushlaine C, O’Neill FA, Oh SY, Olinc A, Olsen L, Van Os J, Pantelis C, Papadimitriou GN, Papio S, Parkhomenko E, Pato MT, Paunio T, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Perkins DO, Pietiläinenl O, Pimm J, Pocklington AJ, Powell J, Price A, Pulver AE, Purcell SM, Quested D, Rasmussen HB, Reichenberg A, Reimers MA, Richards AL, Roffman JL, Roussos P, Ruderfer DM, Salomaa V, Sanders AR, Schall U, Schubert CR, Schulze TG, Schwab SG, Scolnick EM, Scott RJ, Seidman LJ, Shi J, Sigurdsson E, Silagadze T, Silverman JM, Sim K, Slominsky P, Smoller JW, So HC, Spencer CC, Stah EA, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stogmann E, Straub RE, Strengman E, Strohmaier J, Stroup TS, Subramaniam M, Suvisaari J, Svrakic DM, Szatkiewicz JP, Söderman E, Thirumalai S, Toncheva D, Tosato S, Veijola J, Waddington J, Walsh D, Wang D, Wang Q, Webb BT, Weiser M, Wildenauer DB, Williams NM, Williams S, Witt SH, Wolen AR, Wong EH, Wormley BK, Xi HS, Zai CC, Zheng X, Zimprich F, Stefansson K, Visscher PM, Adolfsson R, Andreassen OA, Blackwood DH, Bramon E, Buxbaum JD, Børglum AD, Cichon S, Darvasi A, Domenici E, Ehrenreich H, Esko T, Gejman PV, Gill M, Gurling H, Hultman CM, Iwata N, Jablensky AV, Jönsson EG, Kendler KS, Kirov G, Knight J, Lencz T, Levinson DF, Li QS, Liu J, Malhotra AK, McCarrol SA, McQuillin A, Moran JL, Mortensen PB, Mowry BJ, Nöthen MM, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Pato CN, Petryshen TL, Posthuma D, Rietsche M, Riley BP, Rujescu D, Sham PC, Sklar P, St Clair D, Weinberger DR, Wendland JR, Werge T, Daly MJ, Sullivan PF, O’Donovan MC. Estimation of Genetic Correlation via Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression and Genomic Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:1185-1194. [PMID: 29754766 PMCID: PMC5993419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic correlation is a key population parameter that describes the shared genetic architecture of complex traits and diseases. It can be estimated by current state-of-art methods, i.e., linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and genomic restricted maximum likelihood (GREML). The massively reduced computing burden of LDSC compared to GREML makes it an attractive tool, although the accuracy (i.e., magnitude of standard errors) of LDSC estimates has not been thoroughly studied. In simulation, we show that the accuracy of GREML is generally higher than that of LDSC. When there is genetic heterogeneity between the actual sample and reference data from which LD scores are estimated, the accuracy of LDSC decreases further. In real data analyses estimating the genetic correlation between schizophrenia (SCZ) and body mass index, we show that GREML estimates based on ∼150,000 individuals give a higher accuracy than LDSC estimates based on ∼400,000 individuals (from combined meta-data). A GREML genomic partitioning analysis reveals that the genetic correlation between SCZ and height is significantly negative for regulatory regions, which whole genome or LDSC approach has less power to detect. We conclude that LDSC estimates should be carefully interpreted as there can be uncertainty about homogeneity among combined meta-datasets. We suggest that any interesting findings from massive LDSC analysis for a large number of complex traits should be followed up, where possible, with more detailed analyses with GREML methods, even if sample sizes are lesser.
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10
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Larsen KM, Pellegrino G, Birknow MR, Kjær TN, Baaré WFC, Didriksen M, Olsen L, Werge T, Mørup M, Siebner HR. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Is Associated With Impaired Auditory Steady-State Gamma Response. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:388-397. [PMID: 28521049 PMCID: PMC5815132 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome confers a markedly increased risk for schizophrenia. 22q11.2 deletion carriers without manifest psychotic disorder offer the possibility to identify functional abnormalities that precede clinical onset. Since schizophrenia is associated with a reduced cortical gamma response to auditory stimulation at 40 Hz, we hypothesized that the 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) may be attenuated in nonpsychotic individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion. METHODS Eighteen young nonpsychotic 22q11.2 deletion carriers and a control group of 27 noncarriers with comparable age range (12-25 years) and sex ratio underwent 128-channel EEG. We recorded the cortical ASSR to a 40 Hz train of clicks, given either at a regular inter-stimulus interval of 25 ms or at irregular intervals jittered between 11 and 37 ms. RESULTS Healthy noncarriers expressed a stable ASSR to regular but not in the irregular 40 Hz click stimulation. Both gamma power and inter-trial phase coherence of the ASSR were markedly reduced in the 22q11.2 deletion group. The ability to phase lock cortical gamma activity to regular auditory 40 Hz stimulation correlated with the individual expression of negative symptoms in deletion carriers (ρ = -0.487, P = .041). CONCLUSIONS Nonpsychotic 22q11.2 deletion carriers lack efficient phase locking of evoked gamma activity to regular 40 Hz auditory stimulation. This abnormality indicates a dysfunction of fast intracortical oscillatory processing in the gamma-band. Since ASSR was attenuated in nonpsychotic deletion carriers, ASSR deficiency may constitute a premorbid risk marker of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Melissa Larsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark,DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus/Copenhagen, Denmark,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark; tel: +45-3862-2976, e-mail:
| | - Giovanni Pellegrino
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Michelle Rosgaard Birknow
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus/Copenhagen, Denmark,Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Trine Nørgaard Kjær
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark,DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus/Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - William Frans Christiaan Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus/Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus/Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Mørup
- DTU Compute, Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark,These authors contributed equally to the study
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark,These authors contributed equally to the study
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11
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Starnawska A, Hansen CS, Sparsø T, Mazin W, Olsen L, Bertalan M, Buil A, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Pedersen CB, Nyegaard M, Werge T, Weinsheimer S. Differential DNA methylation at birth associated with mental disorder in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1221. [PMID: 28850114 PMCID: PMC5611746 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of comorbid mental disorders including schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, as well as intellectual disability. Although most 22q11.2 deletion carriers have the long 3-Mb form of the hemizygous deletion, there remains a large variation in the development and progression of psychiatric disorders, which suggests that alternative factors contribute to the pathogenesis. In this study we investigated whether neonatal DNA methylation signatures in individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion associate with mental disorder later in life. DNA methylation was measured genome-wide from neonatal dried blood spots in a cohort of 164 individuals with 22q11.2DS, including 48 individuals diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. Among several CpG sites with P-value<10-6, we identified cg23546855 (P-value=2.15 × 10-7) mapping to STK32C to be associated with a later psychiatric diagnosis. Pathway analysis of the top findings resulted in the identification of several Gene Ontology pathways to be significantly enriched (P-value<0.05 after Benjamini-Hochberg correction); among them are the following: neurogenesis, neuron development, neuron projection development, astrocyte development, axonogenesis and axon guidance. In addition, we identified differentially methylated CpG sites in LRP2BP (P-value=5.37 × 10-8) to be associated with intellectual disability (F70-79), in TOP1 (P-value=1.86 × 10-7) with behavioral disorders (F90-98), in NOSIP (P-value=5.12 × 10-8) with disorders of psychological development (F80-89) and in SEMA4B (P-value=4.02 × 10-7) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F20-29). In conclusion, our study suggests an association of DNA methylation differences at birth with development of mental disorder later in life in 22q11.2DS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Starnawska
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ, Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - C S Hansen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section of Neonatal Genetics, Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Sparsø
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - W Mazin
- Pediatric Oncology Research Laboratory, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Olsen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - M Bertalan
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - A Buil
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - J Bybjerg-Grauholm
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section of Neonatal Genetics, Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Bækvad-Hansen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section of Neonatal Genetics, Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D M Hougaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section of Neonatal Genetics, Department for Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P B Mortensen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - C B Pedersen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Nyegaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ, Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Werge
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Weinsheimer
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Roskilde, Denmark
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12
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Rota P, Papini N, La Rocca P, Montefiori M, Cirillo F, Piccoli M, Scurati R, Olsen L, Allevi P, Anastasia L. Synthesis and chemical characterization of several perfluorinated sialic acid glycals and evaluation of their in vitro antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus. Medchemcomm 2017; 8:1505-1513. [PMID: 30108862 PMCID: PMC6072510 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, causes a serious infectious disease in birds, resulting in severe losses in the poultry industry every year. Haemagglutinin neuraminidase glycoprotein (HN) has been recognized as a key protein in the viral infection mechanism, and its inhibition represents an attractive target for the development of new drugs based on sialic acid glycals, with the 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-d-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en) as their backbone. Herein we report the synthesis of several Neu5Ac2en glycals and of their perfluorinated C-5 modified derivatives, including their respective stereoisomers at C-4, together with evaluation of their in vitro antiviral activity. While all synthesized compounds were found to be active HN inhibitors in the micromolar range, we found that their potency was influenced by the chain-length of the C-5 perfluorinated acetamido functionality. Thus, the binding modes of the inhibitors were also investigated by performing a docking study. Moreover, the perfluorinated glycals were found to be more active than the corresponding normal C-5 acylic derivatives. Finally, cell-cell fusion assays on NDV infected cells revealed that the addition of a newly synthesized C-4α heptafluorobutyryl derivative almost completely inhibited NDV-induced syncytium formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rota
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering , IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2 , 20097 San Donato Milanese , Milan , Italy . ; ; Tel: +0252774674
- Department of Biomedical , Surgical and Dental Sciences , University of Milan , Via Saldini 50 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - N Papini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , University of Milan , Via Fratelli Cervi 93 , 20090 Segrate , Milan , Italy
| | - P La Rocca
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering , IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2 , 20097 San Donato Milanese , Milan , Italy . ; ; Tel: +0252774674
- Department of Biomedical , Surgical and Dental Sciences , University of Milan , Via Saldini 50 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - M Montefiori
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - F Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering , IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2 , 20097 San Donato Milanese , Milan , Italy . ; ; Tel: +0252774674
| | - M Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering , IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2 , 20097 San Donato Milanese , Milan , Italy . ; ; Tel: +0252774674
| | - R Scurati
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - L Olsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - P Allevi
- Department of Biomedical , Surgical and Dental Sciences , University of Milan , Via Saldini 50 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - L Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering , IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2 , 20097 San Donato Milanese , Milan , Italy . ; ; Tel: +0252774674
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , University of Milan , Via Fratelli Cervi 9 , 20090 Segrate , Milan , Italy
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13
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Hoeffding LK, Trabjerg BB, Olsen L, Mazin W, Sparsø T, Vangkilde A, Mortensen PB, Pedersen CB, Werge T. Risk of Psychiatric Disorders Among Individuals With the 22q11.2 Deletion or Duplication: A Danish Nationwide, Register-Based Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:282-290. [PMID: 28114601 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Microdeletions and duplications have been described at the 22q11.2 locus. However, little is known about the clinical and epidemiologic consequences at the population level. OBJECTIVE To identify indicators of deletions or duplications at the 22q11.2 locus and estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and absolute risk for psychiatric disorders in clinically identified individuals with 22q11.2 deletion or duplication. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A Danish nationwide register study including all individuals recorded in the Danish Cytogenetic Central Register with a 22q11.2 deletion or duplication was performed. A total of 3 768 943 individuals born in Denmark from 1955 to 2012 were followed up during the study period (total follow-up, 57.1 million person-years). Indicators of 22q11.2 deletion or duplication and cumulative incidences were estimated using a nested case-control design that included individuals from the population-based cohort. Survival analysis was used to compare risk of disease in individuals with and without the 22q11.2 deletion or duplication. The study was conducted from May 7, 2015, to August 14, 2016. EXPOSURE The 22q11.2 deletion or duplication. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Indicators for carrying a 22q11.2 deletion or duplication, IRR, and cumulative incidences for psychiatric diagnoses (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, codes F00-F99), including schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, mood disorders, neurotic stress-related and somatoform disorders, and a range of developmental and childhood disorders. RESULTS Among the 3 768 943 participants, 244 (124 [50.8%] male) and 58 (29 [50.0%] male) individuals were clinically identified with a 22q11.2 deletion or duplication, respectively. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis of any psychiatric disorder was 12.5 (8.3) years for individuals with deletions and 6.1 (0.9) years for duplication carriers. A parental diagnosis of schizophrenia-but not of other psychiatric diagnoses-was associated with a 22q11.2 deletion, and parental psychiatric diagnoses other than schizophrenia were associated with duplication carrier status. Both the 22q11.2 deletion (IRR, 4.24; 95% CI, 3.07-5.67) and duplication (IRR, 4.99; 95% CI, 1.79-10.72) was associated with increased risk of any psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, a highly increased risk of intellectual disability was found for the deletion (IRR, 34.08; 95% CI, 22.39-49.27) and duplication (IRR, 33.86; 95% CI, 8.42-87.87). Furthermore, individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion had an increased risk of several psychiatric disorders under study, for example, pervasive developmental disorders (IRR, 9.45; 95% CI, 5.64-14.69) and childhood autism (IRR, 8.94; 95% CI, 3.21-19.23). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion or duplication have a significantly increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders. Survival analysis of persons carrying either the 22q11.2 deletion or duplication provides estimates of direct clinical relevance useful to assist clinical ascertainment, genetic counseling, guidance of symptomatic monitoring, and early clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise K Hoeffding
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark
| | - Betina B Trabjerg
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark3Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark4National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark
| | - Wiktor Mazin
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark
| | - Anders Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark3Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark4National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten B Pedersen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark3Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark4National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark2iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Lundbeck, Denmark5Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Vangkilde A, Jepsen JRM, Schmock H, Olesen C, Arnarsdóttir S, Baaré WFC, Plessen KJ, Didriksen M, Siebner HR, Werge T, Olsen L. Associations between social cognition, skills, and function and subclinical negative and positive symptoms in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2016; 8:42. [PMID: 27891188 PMCID: PMC5112709 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-016-9175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of the early signs of schizophrenia would be a major achievement for the early intervention and prevention strategies in psychiatry. Social impairments are defining features of schizophrenia. Impairments of individual layers of social competencies are frequently described in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), who have high risk of schizophrenia. It is unclear whether and to what extent social impairments associate with subclinical negative and positive symptoms in 22q11.2DS, and which layer of social impairments are more correlated with schizophrenia-related symptoms. The aims of this study were to conduct a comprehensive investigation of social impairments at three different levels (function, skill, and cognition) and their interrelationship and to determine to what degree the social impairments correlate to subclinical levels of negative and positive symptoms, respectively, in a young cohort of 22q11.2DS not diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods The level of social impairment was addressed using questionnaires and objective measures of social functioning (The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System), skills (Social Responsiveness Scale), and cognition (The Awareness of Social Inference Test and CANTAB Emotional Recognition Task), and the presence of subclinical symptoms of schizophrenia were evaluated using the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes in a cross-sectional case-control study of 29 cases and 29 controls, aged 12 to 25 years. Association between social impairment and negative and positive symptoms levels was examined in cases only. Results Subjects with 22q11.2DS were highly impaired in social function, social skills, and social cognition (p ≤ 6.2 × 10−9) relative to control peers and presented with more negative (p = 5.8 × 10−11) and positive (p = 7.5 × 10−4) symptoms. In particular, social functional and skill levels were highly associated with notably subclinical negative symptoms levels. Conclusions This study shows strong correlations between levels of social impairments and subclinical negative and positive symptoms. However, longitudinal studies are required to show if social impairments represent early disease manifestations. If parental or self-reporting suggests severe social impairment, it should advocate for clinical awareness not only to social deficits per se but also of potential subclinical psychosis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J R M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark ; Lundbeck Foundation Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Ndr. Ringvej 29-67, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - H Schmock
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C Olesen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - S Arnarsdóttir
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; deCODE genetics, Amgen, Sturlugata 8, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - W F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - K J Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 København N, Denmark
| | - M Didriksen
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - H R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - T Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark ; Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - L Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
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15
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Lee SH, Byrne EM, Hultman CM, Kähler A, Vinkhuyzen AAE, Ripke S, Andreassen OA, Frisell T, Gusev A, Hu X, Karlsson R, Mantzioris VX, McGrath JJ, Mehta D, Stahl EA, Zhao Q, Kendler KS, Sullivan PF, Price AL, O'Donovan M, Okada Y, Mowry BJ, Raychaudhuri S, Wray NR, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cantor RM, Cichon S, Cormican P, Curtis D, Djurovic S, Escott-Price V, Gejman PV, Georgieva L, Giegling I, Hansen TF, Ingason A, Kim Y, Konte B, Lee PH, McIntosh A, McQuillin A, Morris DW, Nöthen MM, O'Dushlaine C, Olincy A, Olsen L, Pato CN, Pato MT, Pickard BS, Posthuma D, Rasmussen HB, Rietschel M, Rujescu D, Schulze TG, Silverman JM, Thirumalai S, Werge T, Agartz I, Amin F, Azevedo MH, Bass N, Black DW, Blackwood DHR, Bruggeman R, Buccola NG, Choudhury K, Cloninger RC, Corvin A, Craddock N, Daly MJ, Datta S, Donohoe GJ, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Fanous A, Freedman R, Freimer NB, Friedl M, Gill M, Gurling H, De Haan L, Hamshere ML, Hartmann AM, Holmans PA, Kahn RS, Keller MC, Kenny E, Kirov GK, Krabbendam L, Krasucki R, Lawrence J, Lencz T, Levinson DF, Lieberman JA, Lin DY, Linszen DH, Magnusson PKE, Maier W, Malhotra AK, Mattheisen M, Mattingsdal M, McCarroll SA, Medeiros H, Melle I, Milanova V, Myin-Germeys I, Neale BM, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Pimm J, Purcell SM, Puri V, Quested DJ, Rossin L, Ruderfer D, Sanders AR, Shi J, Sklar P, St Clair D, Stroup TS, Van Os J, Visscher PM, Wiersma D, Zammit S, Bridges SL, Choi HK, Coenen MJH, de Vries N, Dieud P, Greenberg JD, Huizinga TWJ, Padyukov L, Siminovitch KA, Tak PP, Worthington J, De Jager PL, Denny JC, Gregersen PK, Klareskog L, Mariette X, Plenge RM, van Laar M, van Riel P. New data and an old puzzle: the negative association between schizophrenia and rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Epidemiol 2016; 44:1706-21. [PMID: 26286434 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A long-standing epidemiological puzzle is the reduced rate of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in those with schizophrenia (SZ) and vice versa. Traditional epidemiological approaches to determine if this negative association is underpinned by genetic factors would test for reduced rates of one disorder in relatives of the other, but sufficiently powered data sets are difficult to achieve. The genomics era presents an alternative paradigm for investigating the genetic relationship between two uncommon disorders. METHODS We use genome-wide common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from independently collected SZ and RA case-control cohorts to estimate the SNP correlation between the disorders. We test a genotype X environment (GxE) hypothesis for SZ with environment defined as winter- vs summer-born. RESULTS We estimate a small but significant negative SNP-genetic correlation between SZ and RA (-0.046, s.e. 0.026, P = 0.036). The negative correlation was stronger for the SNP set attributed to coding or regulatory regions (-0.174, s.e. 0.071, P = 0.0075). Our analyses led us to hypothesize a gene-environment interaction for SZ in the form of immune challenge. We used month of birth as a proxy for environmental immune challenge and estimated the genetic correlation between winter-born and non-winter born SZ to be significantly less than 1 for coding/regulatory region SNPs (0.56, s.e. 0.14, P = 0.00090). CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with epidemiological observations of a negative relationship between SZ and RA reflecting, at least in part, genetic factors. Results of the month of birth analysis are consistent with pleiotropic effects of genetic variants dependent on environmental context.
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16
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Vangkilde A, Olsen L, Hoeffding LK, Pedersen CB, Mortensen PB, Werge T, Trabjerg B. Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in a Danish 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Cohort Compared to the Total Danish Population--A Nationwide Register Study. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:824-31. [PMID: 26738530 PMCID: PMC4838106 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cross-sectional studies have shown associations between 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and schizophrenia. However, large-scale prospective studies have been lacking. We, therefore, conducted the first large-scale population based study on the risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia in persons identified with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. METHODS Danish nationwide registers were linked to establish a cohort consisting of all Danish citizens born during 1955-2004 and the cohort was followed from January 1, 1994 until December 31, 2013. Data were analyzed using survival analyses and adjusted for calendar year, age, sex, and parental mental health history. RESULTS A total of 156 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome were identified, out of which 6 individuals were diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders following identification with 22q11 deletion syndrome. Identified carriers of 22q11.2 deletion had an 8.13(95% CI: 3.65-18.09) fold increased risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorder. CONCLUSIONS Carriers of a 22q11.2 deletion who had been clinically identified had a highly increased risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Vangkilde
- Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen, Denmark; Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen, Denmark; Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Louise K Hoeffding
- Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen, Denmark; Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten B Pedersen
- Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen, Denmark; Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Betina Trabjerg
- Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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17
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Olsen L, Åkesson CP, Aleksandersen M, Boysen P, Press CM, Drouet F, Storset AK, Espenes A. NCR1+ cells appear early in GALT development of the ovine foetus and acquire a c-kit+ phenotype towards the end of gestation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 169:79-84. [PMID: 26827843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The amount, distribution and phenotype of ovine NCR1+ cells were investigated during developing GALT from day 70 of gestation. Antibodies against CD3 and CD79 were used to identify the compartments of GALT, and the localization of NCR1+ cells were correlated within these structures. Markers CD34 and c-kit, in addition to Ki67, were used to investigate possible origin and the stage of development of the NCR1+ cells. NCR1+ cells were present as single cells in the subepithelial tissue as early as 70 days of gestation, and were predominantly present in the T cell rich IFAs and domes as these intestinal wall compartments developed. While NCR1+ cells proliferated more intensively at mid-gestation (70-104 days), the number of NCR1+ cells also expressing c-kit, increased at the end of gestation. In conclusion, NCR1+ cells appeared early in T cell areas of the gut and displayed a phenotype consistent with intermediate stages of cNK cells and/or a subpopulation of ILC22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Caroline Piercey Åkesson
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mona Aleksandersen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Preben Boysen
- Department of Food Safety & Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Charles McL Press
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Françoise Drouet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Laboratoire Apicomplexes et Immunité Muqueuse, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Anne K Storset
- Department of Food Safety & Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Arild Espenes
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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18
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Vilhjálmsson B, Yang J, Finucane H, Gusev A, Lindström S, Ripke S, Genovese G, Loh PR, Bhatia G, Do R, Hayeck T, Won HH, Kathiresan S, Pato M, Pato C, Tamimi R, Stahl E, Zaitlen N, Pasaniuc B, Belbin G, Kenny EE, Schierup MH, De Jager P, Patsopoulos NA, McCarroll S, Daly M, Purcell S, Chasman D, Neale B, Goddard M, Visscher PM, Kraft P, Patterson N, Price AL, Ripke S, Neale B, Corvin A, Walters J, Farh KH, Holmans P, Lee P, Bulik-Sullivan B, Collier D, Huang H, Pers T, Agartz I, Agerbo E, Albus M, Alexander M, Amin F, Bacanu S, Begemann M, Belliveau R, Bene J, Bergen S, Bevilacqua E, Bigdeli T, Black D, Bruggeman R, Buccola N, Buckner R, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cai G, Campion D, Cantor R, Carr V, Carrera N, Catts S, Chambert K, Chan R, Chen R, Chen E, Cheng W, Cheung E, Chong S, Cloninger C, Cohen D, Cohen N, Cormican P, Craddock N, Crowley J, Curtis D, Davidson M, Davis K, Degenhardt F, Del Favero J, DeLisi L, Demontis D, Dikeos D, Dinan T, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Durmishi N, Eichhammer P, Eriksson J, Escott-Price V, Essioux L, Fanous A, Farrell M, Frank J, Franke L, Freedman R, Freimer N, Friedl M, Friedman J, Fromer M, Genovese G, Georgieva L, Gershon E, Giegling I, Giusti-Rodrguez P, Godard S, Goldstein J, Golimbet V, Gopal S, Gratten J, Grove J, de Haan L, Hammer C, Hamshere M, Hansen M, Hansen T, Haroutunian V, Hartmann A, Henskens F, Herms S, Hirschhorn J, Hoffmann P, Hofman A, Hollegaard M, Hougaard D, Ikeda M, Joa I, Julia A, Kahn R, Kalaydjieva L, Karachanak-Yankova S, Karjalainen J, Kavanagh D, Keller M, Kelly B, Kennedy J, Khrunin A, Kim Y, Klovins J, Knowles J, Konte B, Kucinskas V, Kucinskiene Z, Kuzelova-Ptackova H, Kahler A, Laurent C, Keong J, Lee S, Legge S, Lerer B, Li M, Li T, Liang KY, Lieberman J, Limborska S, Loughland C, Lubinski J, Lnnqvist J, Macek M, Magnusson P, Maher B, Maier W, Mallet J, Marsal S, Mattheisen M, Mattingsdal M, McCarley R, McDonald C, McIntosh A, Meier S, Meijer C, Melegh B, Melle I, Mesholam-Gately R, Metspalu A, Michie P, Milani L, Milanova V, Mokrab Y, Morris D, Mors O, Mortensen P, Murphy K, Murray R, Myin-Germeys I, Mller-Myhsok B, Nelis M, Nenadic I, Nertney D, Nestadt G, Nicodemus K, Nikitina-Zake L, Nisenbaum L, Nordin A, O’Callaghan E, O’Dushlaine C, O’Neill F, Oh SY, Olincy A, Olsen L, Van Os J, Pantelis C, Papadimitriou G, Papiol S, Parkhomenko E, Pato M, Paunio T, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Perkins D, Pietilinen O, Pimm J, Pocklington A, Powell J, Price A, Pulver A, Purcell S, Quested D, Rasmussen H, Reichenberg A, Reimers M, Richards A, Roffman J, Roussos P, Ruderfer D, Salomaa V, Sanders A, Schall U, Schubert C, Schulze T, Schwab S, Scolnick E, Scott R, Seidman L, Shi J, Sigurdsson E, Silagadze T, Silverman J, Sim K, Slominsky P, Smoller J, So HC, Spencer C, Stahl E, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stogmann E, Straub R, Strengman E, Strohmaier J, Stroup T, Subramaniam M, Suvisaari J, Svrakic D, Szatkiewicz J, Sderman E, Thirumalai S, Toncheva D, Tooney P, Tosato S, Veijola J, Waddington J, Walsh D, Wang D, Wang Q, Webb B, Weiser M, Wildenauer D, Williams N, Williams S, Witt S, Wolen A, Wong E, Wormley B, Wu J, Xi H, Zai C, Zheng X, Zimprich F, Wray N, Stefansson K, Visscher P, Adolfsson R, Andreassen O, Blackwood D, Bramon E, Buxbaum J, Børglum A, Cichon S, Darvasi A, Domenici E, Ehrenreich H, Esko T, Gejman P, Gill M, Gurling H, Hultman C, Iwata N, Jablensky A, Jonsson E, Kendler K, Kirov G, Knight J, Lencz T, Levinson D, Li Q, Liu J, Malhotra A, McCarroll S, McQuillin A, Moran J, Mortensen P, Mowry B, Nthen M, Ophoff R, Owen M, Palotie A, Pato C, Petryshen T, Posthuma D, Rietschel M, Riley B, Rujescu D, Sham P, Sklar P, St. Clair D, Weinberger D, Wendland J, Werge T, Daly M, Sullivan P, O’Donovan M, Kraft P, Hunter DJ, Adank M, Ahsan H, Aittomäki K, Baglietto L, Berndt S, Blomquist C, Canzian F, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Crisponi L, Czene K, Dahmen N, Silva IDS, Easton D, Eliassen AH, Figueroa J, Fletcher O, Garcia-Closas M, Gaudet MM, Gibson L, Haiman CA, Hall P, Hazra A, Hein R, Henderson BE, Hofman A, Hopper JL, Irwanto A, Johansson M, Kaaks R, Kibriya MG, Lichtner P, Lindström S, Liu J, Lund E, Makalic E, Meindl A, Meijers-Heijboer H, Müller-Myhsok B, Muranen TA, Nevanlinna H, Peeters PH, Peto J, Prentice RL, Rahman N, Sánchez MJ, Schmidt DF, Schmutzler RK, Southey MC, Tamimi R, Travis R, Turnbull C, Uitterlinden AG, van der Luijt RB, Waisfisz Q, Wang Z, Whittemore AS, Yang R, Zheng W. Modeling Linkage Disequilibrium Increases Accuracy of Polygenic Risk Scores. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:576-92. [PMID: 26430803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 773] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores have shown great promise in predicting complex disease risk and will become more accurate as training sample sizes increase. The standard approach for calculating risk scores involves linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based marker pruning and applying a p value threshold to association statistics, but this discards information and can reduce predictive accuracy. We introduce LDpred, a method that infers the posterior mean effect size of each marker by using a prior on effect sizes and LD information from an external reference panel. Theory and simulations show that LDpred outperforms the approach of pruning followed by thresholding, particularly at large sample sizes. Accordingly, predicted R(2) increased from 20.1% to 25.3% in a large schizophrenia dataset and from 9.8% to 12.0% in a large multiple sclerosis dataset. A similar relative improvement in accuracy was observed for three additional large disease datasets and for non-European schizophrenia samples. The advantage of LDpred over existing methods will grow as sample sizes increase.
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Schmock H, Vangkilde A, Larsen KM, Fischer E, Birknow MR, Jepsen JRM, Olesen C, Skovby F, Plessen KJ, Mørup M, Hulme O, Baaré WFC, Didriksen M, Siebner HR, Werge T, Olsen L. The Danish 22q11 research initiative. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15:220. [PMID: 26384214 PMCID: PMC4574168 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-015-0594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental brain disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are complex disorders with heterogeneous etiologies. Schizophrenia and autism are difficult to treat and often cause major individual suffering largely owing to our limited understanding of the disease biology. Thus our understanding of the biological pathogenesis needs to be substantiated to enable development of more targeted treatment options with improved efficacy. Insights into the pre-morbid disease dynamics, the morbid condition and the underlying biological disease mechanisms may come from studies of subjects with homogenous etiologies. Breakthroughs in psychiatric genetics have shown that several genetic anomalies predispose for neurodevelopmental brain disorders. We have established a Danish research initiative to study the common microdeletion at chromosome 22q11.2, which is one of the genetic anomalies that confer high risk of schizophrenia, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. METHODS/DESIGN The study applies a "cause-to-outcome" strategy to identify pre-morbid pathogenesis and underlying biological disease mechanisms of psychosis and secondarily the morbid condition of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We use a population based epidemiological design to inform on disease prevalence, environmental risk factors and familial disposition for mental health disorders and a case control study design to map the functional effects across behavioral and neurophysiological traits of the 22q11 deletion in a recruited sample of Danish individuals. DISCUSSION Identification of predictive pre-morbid clinical, cognitive, functional and structural brain alterations in 22q11 deletion carriers may alter current clinical practice from symptomatic therapy of manifest mental illness into early intervention strategies, which may also be applicable to at risk subjects without known etiology. Hopefully new insights into the biological disease mechanisms, which are mandatory for novel drug developments, can improve the outcome of the pharmacological interventions in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Schmock
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark ,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark ,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kit Melissa Larsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark ,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark ,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark ,DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Richard Petersens Plads Building 324, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Elvira Fischer
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark ,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 København NV, Denmark ,Lundbeck Foundation Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Ndr. Ringvej 29-67, DK- 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Olesen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Flemming Skovby
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 København NV, Denmark ,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 København N, Denmark
| | - Morten Mørup
- DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Richard Petersens Plads Building 324, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ollie Hulme
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - William Frans Christiaan Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark ,Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 København NV, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark ,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark ,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 København N, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Boserupvej 2, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark. .,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Bosch W, Olsen L, Straube W, DeWees T, Mariados N, Sylvester J, Shah D, Kurtzman S, Zimberg S, Michalski J. TH-AB-BRB-09: Effect of Hydrogel Spacer On Achievable Rectal DVH for IMRT in Prostate Cancer. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Yang D, Wu Y, He G, Chang X, Olsen L, Mutic S. SU-E-T-218: Comprehensive Plan Integrity and Quality Check by Accessing Eclipse Planning Data Remotely Via a Novel Eclipse-API Client-Server Interface. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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McClain B, Olsen J, Green O, Yang D, Santanam L, Olsen L, Zhao T, Rodriguez V, Wooten H, Mutic S, Victoria J, Dempsey J, Kashani R. WE-AB-BRA-09: Sensitivity of Plan Re-Optimization to Errors in Deformable Image Registration in Online Adaptive Image-Guided Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Olsen L, Kavanaugh J, Yang M, Gay H, Thorstad W, Mutic S. PO-0885: Validation of a head and neck DVH prediction model for use in commercially available knowledge-based planning software. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Olsen J, Parikh P, Yang D, Zhao T, Wooten H, Li H, Rodriguez V, Olsen L, Robinson C, Michalski J, Mutic S, Kashani R. OC-0246: Clinical implementation of online MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy for abdominopelvic malignancies. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40244-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Olsen L, Åkesson CP, Storset AK, Lacroix-Lamandé S, Boysen P, Metton C, Connelley T, Espenes A, Laurent F, Drouet F. The early intestinal immune response in experimental neonatal ovine cryptosporidiosis is characterized by an increased frequency of perforin expressing NCR1(+) NK cells and by NCR1(-) CD8(+) cell recruitment. Vet Res 2015; 46:28. [PMID: 25890354 PMCID: PMC4355373 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-014-0136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum, a zoonotic protozoan parasite, causes important losses in neonatal ruminants. Innate immunity plays a key role in controlling the acute phase of this infection. The participation of NCR1+ Natural Killer (NK) cells in the early intestinal innate immune response to the parasite was investigated in neonatal lambs inoculated at birth. The observed increase in the lymphocyte infiltration was further studied by immunohistology and flow cytometry with focus on distribution, density, cellular phenotype related to cytotoxic function and activation status. The frequency of NCR1+ cells did not change with infection, while their absolute number slightly increased in the jejunum and the CD8+/NCR1- T cell density increased markedly. The frequency of perforin+ cells increased significantly with infection in the NCR1+ population (in both NCR1+/CD16+ and NCR1+/CD16- populations) but not in the NCR1-/CD8+ population. The proportion of NCR1+ cells co-expressing CD16+ also increased. The fraction of cells expressing IL2 receptor (CD25), higher in the NCR1+/CD8+ population than among the CD8+/NCR1- cells in jejunal Peyer’s patches, remained unchanged during infection. However, contrary to CD8+/NCR1- lymphocytes, the intensity of CD25 expressed by NCR1+ lymphocytes increased in infected lambs. Altogether, the data demonstrating that NK cells are highly activated and possess a high cytotoxic potential very early during infection, concomitant with an up-regulation of the interferon gamma gene in the gut segments, support the hypothesis that they are involved in the innate immune response against C. parvum. The early significant recruitment of CD8+/NCR1- T cells in the small intestine suggests that they could rapidly drive the establishment of the acquired immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Caroline Piercey Åkesson
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne K Storset
- Department of Food Safety & Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sonia Lacroix-Lamandé
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Laboratoire Apicomplexes et Immunité Muqueuse, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Preben Boysen
- Department of Food Safety & Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Coralie Metton
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Laboratoire Apicomplexes et Immunité Muqueuse, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Timothy Connelley
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Arild Espenes
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Fabrice Laurent
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Laboratoire Apicomplexes et Immunité Muqueuse, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Françoise Drouet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Laboratoire Apicomplexes et Immunité Muqueuse, Nouzilly, France.
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Maier R, Moser G, Chen GB, Ripke S, Coryell W, Potash JB, Scheftner WA, Shi J, Weissman MM, Hultman CM, Landén M, Levinson DF, Kendler KS, Smoller JW, Wray NR, Lee SH, Absher D, Agartz I, Akil H, Amin F, Andreassen O, Anjorin A, Anney R, Arking D, Asherson P, Azevedo M, Backlund L, Badner J, Bailey A, Banaschewski T, Barchas J, Barnes M, Barrett T, Bass N, Battaglia A, Bauer M, Bayés M, Bellivier F, Bergen S, Berrettini W, Betancur C, Bettecken T, Biederman J, Binder E, Black D, Blackwood D, Bloss C, Boehnke M, Boomsma D, Breen G, Breuer R, Bruggeman R, Buccola N, Buitelaar J, Bunney W, Buxbaum J, Byerley W, Caesar S, Cahn W, Cantor R, Casas M, Chakravarti A, Chambert K, Choudhury K, Cichon S, Cloninger C, Collier D, Cook E, Coon H, Cormand B, Cormican P, Corvin A, Coryell W, Craddock N, Craig D, Craig I, Crosbie J, Cuccaro M, Curtis D, Czamara D, Daly M, Datta S, Dawson G, Day R, De Geus E, Degenhardt F, Devlin B, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Doyle A, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Duketis E, Ebstein R, Edenberg H, Elia J, Ennis S, Etain B, Fanous A, Faraone S, Farmer A, Ferrier I, Flickinger M, Fombonne E, Foroud T, Frank J, Franke B, Fraser C, Freedman R, Freimer N, Freitag C, Friedl M, Frisén L, Gallagher L, Gejman P, Georgieva L, Gershon E, Geschwind D, Giegling I, Gill M, Gordon S, Gordon-Smith K, Green E, Greenwood T, Grice D, Gross M, Grozeva D, Guan W, Gurling H, De Haan L, Haines J, Hakonarson H, Hallmayer J, Hamilton S, Hamshere M, Hansen T, Hartmann A, Hautzinger M, Heath A, Henders A, Herms S, Hickie I, Hipolito M, Hoefels S, Holmans P, Holsboer F, Hoogendijk W, Hottenga JJ, Hultman C, Hus V, Ingason A, Ising M, Jamain S, Jones I, Jones L, Kähler A, Kahn R, Kandaswamy R, Keller M, Kelsoe J, Kendler K, Kennedy J, Kenny E, Kent L, Kim Y, Kirov G, Klauck S, Klei L, Knowles J, Kohli M, Koller D, Konte B, Korszun A, Krabbendam L, Krasucki R, Kuntsi J, Kwan P, Landén M, Långström N, Lathrop M, Lawrence J, Lawson W, Leboyer M, Ledbetter D, Lee P, Lencz T, Lesch KP, Levinson D, Lewis C, Li J, Lichtenstein P, Lieberman J, Lin DY, Linszen D, Liu C, Lohoff F, Loo S, Lord C, Lowe J, Lucae S, MacIntyre D, Madden P, Maestrini E, Magnusson P, Mahon P, Maier W, Malhotra A, Mane S, Martin C, Martin N, Mattheisen M, Matthews K, Mattingsdal M, McCarroll S, McGhee K, McGough J, McGrath P, McGuffin P, McInnis M, McIntosh A, McKinney R, McLean A, McMahon F, McMahon W, McQuillin A, Medeiros H, Medland S, Meier S, Melle I, Meng F, Meyer J, Middeldorp C, Middleton L, Milanova V, Miranda A, Monaco A, Montgomery G, Moran J, Moreno-De-Luca D, Morken G, Morris D, Morrow E, Moskvina V, Mowry B, Muglia P, Mühleisen T, Müller-Myhsok B, Murtha M, Myers R, Myin-Germeys I, Neale B, Nelson S, Nievergelt C, Nikolov I, Nimgaonkar V, Nolen W, Nöthen M, Nurnberger J, Nwulia E, Nyholt D, O’Donovan M, O’Dushlaine C, Oades R, Olincy A, Oliveira G, Olsen L, Ophoff R, Osby U, Owen M, Palotie A, Parr J, Paterson A, Pato C, Pato M, Penninx B, Pergadia M, Pericak-Vance M, Perlis R, Pickard B, Pimm J, Piven J, Posthuma D, Potash J, Poustka F, Propping P, Purcell S, Puri V, Quested D, Quinn E, Ramos-Quiroga J, Rasmussen H, Raychaudhuri S, Rehnström K, Reif A, Ribasés M, Rice J, Rietschel M, Ripke S, Roeder K, Roeyers H, Rossin L, Rothenberger A, Rouleau G, Ruderfer D, Rujescu D, Sanders A, Sanders S, Santangelo S, Schachar R, Schalling M, Schatzberg A, Scheftner W, Schellenberg G, Scherer S, Schork N, Schulze T, Schumacher J, Schwarz M, Scolnick E, Scott L, Sergeant J, Shi J, Shilling P, Shyn S, Silverman J, Sklar P, Slager S, Smalley S, Smit J, Smith E, Smoller J, Sonuga-Barke E, St Clair D, State M, Steffens M, Steinhausen HC, Strauss J, Strohmaier J, Stroup T, Sullivan P, Sutcliffe J, Szatmari P, Szelinger S, Thapar A, Thirumalai S, Thompson R, Todorov A, Tozzi F, Treutlein J, Tzeng JY, Uhr M, van den Oord E, Van Grootheest G, Van Os J, Vicente A, Vieland V, Vincent J, Visscher P, Walsh C, Wassink T, Watson S, Weiss L, Weissman M, Werge T, Wienker T, Wiersma D, Wijsman E, Willemsen G, Williams N, Willsey A, Witt S, Wray N, Xu W, Young A, Yu T, Zammit S, Zandi P, Zhang P, Zitman F, Zöllner S. Joint analysis of psychiatric disorders increases accuracy of risk prediction for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:283-94. [PMID: 25640677 PMCID: PMC4320268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic risk prediction has several potential applications in medical research and clinical practice and could be used, for example, to stratify a heterogeneous population of patients by their predicted genetic risk. However, for polygenic traits, such as psychiatric disorders, the accuracy of risk prediction is low. Here we use a multivariate linear mixed model and apply multi-trait genomic best linear unbiased prediction for genetic risk prediction. This method exploits correlations between disorders and simultaneously evaluates individual risk for each disorder. We show that the multivariate approach significantly increases the prediction accuracy for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder in the discovery as well as in independent validation datasets. By grouping SNPs based on genome annotation and fitting multiple random effects, we show that the prediction accuracy could be further improved. The gain in prediction accuracy of the multivariate approach is equivalent to an increase in sample size of 34% for schizophrenia, 68% for bipolar disorder, and 76% for major depressive disorders using single trait models. Because our approach can be readily applied to any number of GWAS datasets of correlated traits, it is a flexible and powerful tool to maximize prediction accuracy. With current sample size, risk predictors are not useful in a clinical setting but already are a valuable research tool, for example in experimental designs comparing cases with high and low polygenic risk.
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Gusev A, Lee S, Trynka G, Finucane H, Vilhjálmsson B, Xu H, Zang C, Ripke S, Bulik-Sullivan B, Stahl E, Kähler AK, Hultman CM, Purcell SM, McCarroll SA, Daly M, Pasaniuc B, Sullivan PF, Neale BM, Wray NR, Raychaudhuri S, Price AL, Ripke S, Neale B, Corvin A, Walters J, Farh KH, Holmans P, Lee P, Bulik-Sullivan B, Collier D, Huang H, Pers T, Agartz I, Agerbo E, Albus M, Alexander M, Amin F, Bacanu S, Begemann M, Belliveau R, Bene J, Bergen S, Bevilacqua E, Bigdeli T, Black D, Børglum A, Bruggeman R, Buccola N, Buckner R, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cai G, Campion D, Cantor R, Carr V, Carrera N, Catts S, Chambert K, Chan R, Chen R, Chen E, Cheng W, Cheung E, Chong S, Cloninger C, Cohen D, Cohen N, Cormican P, Craddock N, Crowley J, Curtis D, Davidson M, Davis K, Degenhardt F, Del Favero J, DeLisi L, Demontis D, Dikeos D, Dinan T, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Durmishi N, Eichhammer P, Eriksson J, Escott-Price V, Essioux L, Fanous A, Farrell M, Frank J, Franke L, Freedman R, Freimer N, Friedl M, Friedman J, Fromer M, Genovese G, Georgieva L, Gershon E, Giegling I, Giusti-Rodrguez P, Godard S, Goldstein J, Golimbet V, Gopal S, Gratten J, Grove J, de Haan L, Hammer C, Hamshere M, Hansen M, Hansen T, Haroutunian V, Hartmann A, Henskens F, Herms S, Hirschhorn J, Hoffmann P, Hofman A, Hollegaard M, Hougaard D, Ikeda M, Joa I, Julià A, Kahn R, Kalaydjieva L, Karachanak-Yankova S, Karjalainen J, Kavanagh D, Keller M, Kelly B, Kennedy J, Khrunin A, Kim Y, Klovins J, Knowles J, Konte B, Kucinskas V, Kucinskiene Z, Kuzelova-Ptackova H, Kähler A, Laurent C, Keong J, Lee S, Legge S, Lerer B, Li M, Li T, Liang KY, Lieberman J, Limborska S, Loughland C, Lubinski J, Lnnqvist J, Macek M, Magnusson P, Maher B, Maier W, Mallet J, Marsal S, Mattheisen M, Mattingsdal M, McCarley R, McDonald C, McIntosh A, Meier S, Meijer C, Melegh B, Melle I, Mesholam-Gately R, Metspalu A, Michie P, Milani L, Milanova V, Mokrab Y, Morris D, Mors O, Mortensen P, Murphy K, Murray R, Myin-Germeys I, Mller-Myhsok B, Nelis M, Nenadic I, Nertney D, Nestadt G, Nicodemus K, Nikitina-Zake L, Nisenbaum L, Nordin A, O’Callaghan E, O’Dushlaine C, O’Neill F, Oh SY, Olincy A, Olsen L, Van Os J, Pantelis C, Papadimitriou G, Papiol S, Parkhomenko E, Pato M, Paunio T, Pejovic-Milovancevic M, Perkins D, Pietilinen O, Pimm J, Pocklington A, Powell J, Price A, Pulver A, Purcell S, Quested D, Rasmussen H, Reichenberg A, Reimers M, Richards A, Roffman J, Roussos P, Ruderfer D, Salomaa V, Sanders A, Schall U, Schubert C, Schulze T, Schwab S, Scolnick E, Scott R, Seidman L, Shi J, Sigurdsson E, Silagadze T, Silverman J, Sim K, Slominsky P, Smoller J, So HC, Spencer C, Stahl E, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stogmann E, Straub R, Strengman E, Strohmaier J, Stroup T, Subramaniam M, Suvisaari J, Svrakic D, Szatkiewicz J, Sderman E, Thirumalai S, Toncheva D, Tooney P, Tosato S, Veijola J, Waddington J, Walsh D, Wang D, Wang Q, Webb B, Weiser M, Wildenauer D, Williams N, Williams S, Witt S, Wolen A, Wong E, Wormley B, Wu J, Xi H, Zai C, Zheng X, Zimprich F, Wray N, Stefansson K, Visscher P, Adolfsson R, Andreassen O, Blackwood D, Bramon E, Buxbaum J, Brglum A, Cichon S, Darvasi A, Domenici E, Ehrenreich H, Esko T, Gejman P, Gill M, Gurling H, Hultman C, Iwata N, Jablensky A, Jönsson E, Kendler K, Kirov G, Knight J, Lencz T, Levinson D, Li Q, Liu J, Malhotra A, McCarroll S, McQuillin A, Moran J, Mortensen P, Mowry B, Nthen M, Ophoff R, Owen M, Palotie A, Pato C, Petryshen T, Posthuma D, Rietschel M, Riley B, Rujescu D, Sham P, Sklar P, St. Clair D, Weinberger D, Wendland J, Werge T, Daly M, Sullivan P, O’Donovan M, Ripke S, O’Dushlaine C, Chambert K, Moran JL, Kähler AK, Akterin S, Bergen S, Magnusson PK, Neale BM, Ruderfer D, Scolnick E, Purcell S, McCarroll S, Sklar P, Hultman CM, Sullivan PF. Partitioning heritability of regulatory and cell-type-specific variants across 11 common diseases. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 95:535-52. [PMID: 25439723 PMCID: PMC4225595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory and coding variants are known to be enriched with associations identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of complex disease, but their contributions to trait heritability are currently unknown. We applied variance-component methods to imputed genotype data for 11 common diseases to partition the heritability explained by genotyped SNPs (hg(2)) across functional categories (while accounting for shared variance due to linkage disequilibrium). Extensive simulations showed that in contrast to current estimates from GWAS summary statistics, the variance-component approach partitions heritability accurately under a wide range of complex-disease architectures. Across the 11 diseases DNaseI hypersensitivity sites (DHSs) from 217 cell types spanned 16% of imputed SNPs (and 24% of genotyped SNPs) but explained an average of 79% (SE = 8%) of hg(2) from imputed SNPs (5.1× enrichment; p = 3.7 × 10(-17)) and 38% (SE = 4%) of hg(2) from genotyped SNPs (1.6× enrichment, p = 1.0 × 10(-4)). Further enrichment was observed at enhancer DHSs and cell-type-specific DHSs. In contrast, coding variants, which span 1% of the genome, explained <10% of hg(2) despite having the highest enrichment. We replicated these findings but found no significant contribution from rare coding variants in independent schizophrenia cohorts genotyped on GWAS and exome chips. Our results highlight the value of analyzing components of heritability to unravel the functional architecture of common disease.
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Kavanaugh J, Bottani B, Tan J, Moore K, Michalski J, Olsen L. Initial Evaluation of the First Commercially Available Knowledge-Based Planning Software. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Moore K, Schmidt R, Olsen L, Tan J, Xiao Y, Galvin J, Pugh S, Bosch W, Michalski J, Mutic S. Suboptimal Treatment Planning Adds Substantial Risk of Normal Tissue Complication: A Secondary Study on RTOG 0126. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wu Q, Olsen L. WE-A-BRD-01: Innovation in Radiation Therapy Planning I: Knowledge Guided Treatment Planning. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Shiraishi S, Tan J, Olsen L, Moore KL. TH-A-9A-08: Knowledge-Based Quality Control of Clinical Stereotactic Radiosurgery Treatment Plans. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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32
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Steinberg S, de Jong S, Mattheisen M, Costas J, Demontis D, Jamain S, Pietiläinen OPH, Lin K, Papiol S, Huttenlocher J, Sigurdsson E, Vassos E, Giegling I, Breuer R, Fraser G, Walker N, Melle I, Djurovic S, Agartz I, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Suvisaari J, Lönnqvist J, Paunio T, Olsen L, Hansen T, Ingason A, Pirinen M, Strengman E, Hougaard DM, Ørntoft T, Didriksen M, Hollegaard MV, Nordentoft M, Abramova L, Kaleda V, Arrojo M, Sanjuán J, Arango C, Etain B, Bellivier F, Méary A, Schürhoff F, Szoke A, Ribolsi M, Magni V, Siracusano A, Sperling S, Rossner M, Christiansen C, Kiemeney LA, Franke B, van den Berg LH, Veldink J, Curran S, Bolton P, Poot M, Staal W, Rehnstrom K, Kilpinen H, Freitag CM, Meyer J, Magnusson P, Saemundsen E, Martsenkovsky I, Bikshaieva I, Martsenkovska I, Vashchenko O, Raleva M, Paketchieva K, Stefanovski B, Durmishi N, Milovancevic MP, Tosevski DL, Silagadze T, Naneishvili N, Mikeladze N, Surguladze S, Vincent JB, Farmer A, Mitchell PB, Wright A, Schofield PR, Fullerton JM, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Rubino IA, van Winkel R, Kenis G, De Hert M, Réthelyi JM, Bitter I, Terenius L, Jönsson EG, Bakker S, van Os J, Jablensky A, Leboyer M, Bramon E, Powell J, Murray R, Corvin A, Gill M, Morris D, O’Neill FA, Kendler K, Riley B, Craddock N, Owen MJ, O’Donovan MC, Thorsteinsdottir U, Kong A, Ehrenreich H, Carracedo A, Golimbet V, Andreassen OA, Børglum AD, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Werge T, Ophoff RA, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Ruggeri M, Tosato S, Palotie A, St Clair D, Rujescu D, Collier DA, Stefansson H, Stefansson K. Common variant at 16p11.2 conferring risk of psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:108-14. [PMID: 23164818 PMCID: PMC3872086 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and genetic data support the notion that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic risk factors. In our previous genome-wide association study, meta-analysis and follow-up (totaling as many as 18 206 cases and 42 536 controls), we identified four loci showing genome-wide significant association with schizophrenia. Here we consider a mixed schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (psychosis) phenotype (addition of 7469 bipolar disorder cases, 1535 schizophrenia cases, 333 other psychosis cases, 808 unaffected family members and 46 160 controls). Combined analysis reveals a novel variant at 16p11.2 showing genome-wide significant association (rs4583255[T]; odds ratio=1.08; P=6.6 × 10(-11)). The new variant is located within a 593-kb region that substantially increases risk of psychosis when duplicated. In line with the association of the duplication with reduced body mass index (BMI), rs4583255[T] is also associated with lower BMI (P=0.0039 in the public GIANT consortium data set; P=0.00047 in 22 651 additional Icelanders).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone de Jong
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Javier Costas
- Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genetics, and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
| | - Olli P H Pietiläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Sergi Papiol
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Huttenlocher
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Engilbert Sigurdsson
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Ina Giegling
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - René Breuer
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gillian Fraser
- Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Ingrid Melle
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouko Lönnqvist
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare THL, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andres Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eric Strengman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - David M Hougaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Ørntoft
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mads V Hollegaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lilia Abramova
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Service of Psychiatry, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Network Center of Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Méary
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Franck Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Andrei Szoke
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Magni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Swetlana Sperling
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Rossner
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Veldink
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Curran
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London UK
| | - Patrick Bolton
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London UK
| | - Martin Poot
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter Staal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Karola Rehnstrom
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jobst Meyer
- Department of Neurobehavioural Genetics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Pall Magnusson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Igor Martsenkovsky
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iana Bikshaieva
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Inna Martsenkovska
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olesya Vashchenko
- Department of Child, Adolescent Psychiatry and Medical-Social Rehabilitation, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social, Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Marija Raleva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Kamka Paketchieva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Branislav Stefanovski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Naser Durmishi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | | | - Dusica Lecic Tosevski
- Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Teimuraz Silagadze
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino Naneishvili
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nina Mikeladze
- Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Simon Surguladze
- Social & Affective Neuroscience Lab, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - John B Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry and Development Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Anne Farmer
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Wright
- Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - I Alex Rubino
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruud van Winkel
- University Psychiatric Center, Catholic University Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network (SEARCH), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network (SEARCH), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc De Hert
- University Psychiatric Center, Catholic University Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - János M Réthelyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Bitter
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven Bakker
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Assen Jablensky
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry (CCRN), Graylands Hospital, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U 955, Psychiatrie Génétique, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil France
- Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Mental Health Sciences Unit and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Powell
- Department of Neuroscience, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Gill
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek Morris
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ken Kendler
- Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Brien Riley
- Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Nick Craddock
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C O’Donovan
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- DFG Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group - Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vera Golimbet
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genetics, and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans & Copenhagen University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), Bonn Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Juelich, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Genetic Analysis Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David St Clair
- Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - David A Collier
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK
- Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Olsen L, Boysen P, Åkesson CP, Gunnes G, Connelley T, Storset AK, Espenes A. Characterization of NCR1+ cells residing in lymphoid tissues in the gut of lambs indicates that the majority are NK cells. Vet Res 2013; 44:109. [PMID: 24219350 PMCID: PMC4176090 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-44-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important for immune protection of the gut mucosa. Previous studies have shown that under pathologic conditions NK cells, T cells and dendritic cells are found co-localised in secondary lymphoid organs where their interaction coordinates immune responses. However, in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs), there are few detailed reports on the distribution of NK cells. Sheep harbour several types of organised lymphoid tissues in the gut that have different functions. The ileal Peyer's patch (IPP) functions as a primary lymphoid tissue for B cell generation, while the jejunal Peyer's patches (JPPs) and colon patches (CPs) are considered secondary lymphoid tissues. In the present study, we analysed tissues from healthy lambs by flow cytometry and in situ multicolour immunofluorescence, using recently described NCR1 antibodies to identify ovine NK cells. Most NCR1+ cells isolated from all tissues were negative for the pan T cell marker CD3, and thus comply with the general definition of NK cells. The majority of NCR1+ cells in blood as well as secondary lymphoid organs expressed CD16, but in the GALT around half of the NCR1+ cells were negative for CD16. A semi-quantitative morphometric study on tissue sections was used to compare the density of NK cells in four compartments of the IPPs, JPP and CPs. NCR1+ cells were found in all gut segments. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between compartments of the primary lymphoid organ IPP and the secondary lymphoid organs of the JPPs and CP. NK cells co-localised and made close contact with T cells, dendritic cells and other NK cells, but did not show signs of proliferation. We conclude that NK cells are present in all investigated segments of the sheep gut, but that presence of other innate lymphoid cells expressing NCR1 cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway.
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34
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Delio M, Guo T, McDonald-McGinn D, Zackai E, Herman S, Kaminetzky M, Higgins A, Coleman K, Chow C, Jalbrzikowski M, Bearden C, Bailey A, Vangkilde A, Olsen L, Olesen C, Skovby F, Werge T, Templin L, Busa T, Philip N, Swillen A, Vermeesch J, Devriendt K, Schneider M, Dahoun S, Eliez S, Schoch K, Hooper S, Shashi V, Samanich J, Marion R, van Amelsvoort T, Boot E, Klaassen P, Duijff S, Vorstman J, Yuen T, Silversides C, Chow E, Bassett A, Frisch A, Weizman A, Gothelf D, Niarchou M, van den Bree M, Owen M, Suñer D, Andreo J, Armando M, Vicari S, Digilio M, Auton A, Kates W, Wang T, Shprintzen R, Emanuel B, Morrow B. Enhanced Maternal Origin of the 22q11.2 Deletion in Velocardiofacial and DiGeorge Syndromes. Am J Hum Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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35
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Delio M, Guo T, McDonald-McGinn D, Zackai E, Herman S, Kaminetzky M, Higgins A, Coleman K, Chow C, Jarlbrzkowski M, Bearden C, Bailey A, Vangkilde A, Olsen L, Olesen C, Skovby F, Werge T, Templin L, Busa T, Philip N, Swillen A, Vermeesch J, Devriendt K, Schneider M, Dahoun S, Eliez S, Schoch K, Hooper S, Shashi V, Samanich J, Marion R, van Amelsvoort T, Boot E, Klaassen P, Duijff S, Vorstman J, Yuen T, Silversides C, Chow E, Bassett A, Frisch A, Weizman A, Gothelf D, Niarchou M, van den Bree M, Owen M, Suñer D, Andreo J, Armando M, Vicari S, Digilio M, Auton A, Kates W, Wang T, Shprintzen R, Emanuel B, Morrow B. Enhanced maternal origin of the 22q11.2 deletion in velocardiofacial and DiGeorge syndromes. Am J Hum Genet 2013; 92:439-47. [PMID: 23453669 PMCID: PMC3591861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Velocardiofacial and DiGeorge syndromes, also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), are congenital-anomaly disorders caused by a de novo hemizygous 22q11.2 deletion mediated by meiotic nonallelic homologous recombination events between low-copy repeats, also known as segmental duplications. Although previous studies exist, each was of small size, and it remains to be determined whether there are parent-of-origin biases for the de novo 22q11.2 deletion. To address this question, we genotyped a total of 389 DNA samples from 22q11DS-affected families. A total of 219 (56%) individuals with 22q11DS had maternal origin and 170 (44%) had paternal origin of the de novo deletion, which represents a statistically significant bias for maternal origin (p = 0.0151). Combined with many smaller, previous studies, 465 (57%) individuals had maternal origin and 345 (43%) had paternal origin, amounting to a ratio of 1.35 or a 35% increase in maternal compared to paternal origin (p = 0.000028). Among 1,892 probands with the de novo 22q11.2 deletion, the average maternal age at time of conception was 29.5, and this is similar to data for the general population in individual countries. Of interest, the female recombination rate in the 22q11.2 region was about 1.6-1.7 times greater than that for males, suggesting that for this region in the genome, enhanced meiotic recombination rates, as well as other as-of-yet undefined 22q11.2-specific features, could be responsible for the observed excess in maternal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Delio
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Donna M. McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sean Herman
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mark Kaminetzky
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Anne Marie Higgins
- The Virtual Center for Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome, Manlius, NY 13104, USA
| | - Karlene Coleman
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carolyn Chow
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Department of Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria Jarlbrzkowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Department of Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carrie E. Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Department of Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alice Bailey
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anders Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 4000, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 4000, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Olesen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Flemming Skovby
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Thomas M. Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 4000, Denmark
| | - Ludivine Templin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Tiffany Busa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Nicole Philip
- Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Ann Swillen
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven 03000, Belgium
| | - Joris R. Vermeesch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven 03000, Belgium
| | - Koen Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven 03000, Belgium
| | - Maude Schneider
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Dahoun
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Schoch
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Stephen R. Hooper
- Department of Psychiatry and The Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Vandana Shashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Joy Samanich
- Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Robert Marion
- Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht 6211, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Boot
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam 1100, the Netherlands
| | - Petra Klaassen
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Sasja N. Duijff
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Jacob Vorstman
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Tracy Yuen
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Candice Silversides
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Eva Chow
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Anne Bassett
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Amos Frisch
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Maria Niarchou
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics and the Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Marianne van den Bree
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics and the Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Michael J. Owen
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics and the Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Damian Heine Suñer
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07020, Spain
| | - Jordi Rosell Andreo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca 07020, Spain
| | - Marco Armando
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetic Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Adam Auton
- Division of Computational Genetics, Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Wendy R. Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Beverly S. Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bernice E. Morrow
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Komenaka IK, Olsen L, Klemens AE, Hsu CH, Nodora J, Martinez ME, Thompson PA, Bouton M. Abstract PD08-04: Factors which affect surgical management in an underinsured, county hospital population. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-pd08-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Significant variation exists between institutions in the use of lumpectomy, mastectomy, and reconstruction. Much less is known about minorities and populations outside the large academic institutions. The current study was performed to evaluate variables that affect patient choice in surgical management in a county hospital population.
Methods: A retrospective review of all patients seen at the county, safety net institution with breast cancer from January 2010 to May 2012. Sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment variables were evaluated. Univariate analysis was performed to identify variables which were associated with type of operation. All of the variables with a p-value <0.10 were included in the multivariate analysis.
Results: 403 patients were seen with mean age 53 years. 92% of the patients were insured with Medicaid or uninsured and 29% were non-Hispanic White. Only 20% of patients underwent screening mammography and therefore presentation with palpable, Stage 2A/B cancer was most common (46%). 54 patients presented with T4 tumors and 13 (24%) were found to have metastases. Only 2 of 340 (0.6%) patients who presented at Stage 3A or earlier presented with metastatic disease. Patients with operable cancer underwent lumpectomy in 65%, mastectomy in 26%, and 9% mastectomy with reconstruction. With respect to breast conservation vs mastectomy, in adjusted analysis, married patients (OR 2.59, p = 0.003) and patients with larger tumors (p = 0.003) were more likely to undergo mastectomy, while patients who were Hispanic (OR 0.38, p = 0.004), underwent preoperative chemotherapy (OR 0.25, p = 0.002), or had their operation by breast surgical oncologist (OR 0.30, p = 0.005) were more likely to undergo breast conservation. When patients who underwent mastectomy alone were compared to those who underwent reconstruction, unadjusted analysis suggested that reconstruction patients were more likely to speak English, have adequate health literacy (HL), lower clinical stage, and be seen by a breast surgical oncologist. Adjusted analysis demonstrated that having been seen by a breast surgical oncologist (OR 18.4, p = 0.007), younger age (p = 0.05) and adequate HL (OR 3.13, p = 0.06) were associated with likelihood of reconstruction compared to mastectomy alone.
Conclusions: Breast conservation and mastectomy with reconstruction can be achieved in a significant proportion (74%) of underscreened and underinsured patients. Patients who underwent preoperative chemotherapy were more likely to undergo breast conservation. Younger patients and patients with adequate HL were more likely to choose reconstruction after mastectomy. Patients treated by breast surgical oncologists were more likely to have breast conservation or mastectomy with reconstruction. Even in an underscreened population, presentation with metastatic disease is uncommon in patients with operable breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD08-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- IK Komenaka
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - L Olsen
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - AE Klemens
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - C-H Hsu
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - J Nodora
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - ME Martinez
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - PA Thompson
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - M Bouton
- Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA
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Olsen L, Samavati FF, Jorge JA. NaturaSketch: modeling from images and natural sketches. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 2011; 31:24-34. [PMID: 24808256 DOI: 10.1109/mcg.2011.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Herman JM, Griffith KA, Narang AK, Zalupski MM, Azad NS, Chan J, Olsen L, Efron J, Lawrence TS, Ben-Josef E. Prospective assessment of symptoms and quality of life in localized rectal cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
504 Background: Neoadjuvant conformal chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is an important component of treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, yet its morbidity has not been well characterized using quality of life (QOL) instruments. The present study attempts to establish a baseline distribution of QOL scores before, during, and after CRT and to correlate these changes with symptoms. Methods: Patients undergoing 3-4 field neoadjuvant CRT for localized rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled at two institutions. Fifty patients completed the QOL instruments at three time points: pretreatment, week 4 of treatment, and 1 month post-treatment. QOL information was captured using three validated questionnaires, the EORTC QLQ-30, QLQ-38, and QLQ-29. Additionally, institutional symptom inventories and CTCAE toxicity data were collected. Results: Average age was 59.2 years and 72% were men. During CRT, patients had a statistically significant decline in global QOL (70 to 60, p = 0.0024), which normalized (71) following completion of treatment. During therapy, patients also experienced a significant increase in GI symptoms (21 to 27, p = 0.028), urinary symptoms (16 to 30, p < 0.0001), male sexual dysfunction (23 to 34, p = 0.013), and chemotherapy related side effects (8 to 20, p = 0.0001). While these measures returned to baseline 1 month post-CRT, overall sexual function (25 vs. 37, p = 0.0062) and sexual enjoyment (53 vs. 67, p = 0.0070) remained persistently low compared to pretreatment levels. Diarrhea (27%) and proctitis (22%) were the most common grade 3 toxicities. Those patients who experienced grade 3 toxicity during treatment showed markedly decreased global QOL (mean difference = 34). Conclusions: While rectal cancer patients experienced impaired QOL during neoadjuvant CRT, the vast majority of measures normalized one month after treatment. In contrast, significantly decreased sexual function and enjoyment persisted. This data can be used as a baseline to compare future neoadjuvant conformal CRT regimens and/or assess the toxicity and QOL of new RT modalities such as intensity modulated radiation therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Herman
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - K. A. Griffith
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - A. K. Narang
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - M. M. Zalupski
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - N. S. Azad
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - J. Chan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - L. Olsen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - J. Efron
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - T. S. Lawrence
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - E. Ben-Josef
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Olsen L, Brussoni M, Miller A, Odonnell M. Managing injury risks for children with disabilities and chronic health conditions: parent perspectives. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Brussoni M, Olsen L, Sheftel D, George A. Fathers' child injury prevention attitudes and practices. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Olsen L, Brussoni M, Kruse S. How do fathers access child safety information? Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Olsen L, Brussoni M, Kruse S. Exploring how fathers access child safety information. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Brussoni M, Olsen L, Sheftel D, George A. Gendered analysis of fathers injury prevention attitudes and practices. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Olsen L, Klausen M, Helboe L, Nielsen FC, Werge T. MicroRNAs show mutually exclusive expression patterns in the brain of adult male rats. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7225. [PMID: 19806225 PMCID: PMC2752988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The brain is a major site of microRNA (miRNA) gene expression, but the spatial expression patterns of miRNAs within the brain have not yet been fully covered. Methodology/Principal Findings We have characterized the regional expression profiles of miRNAs in five distinct regions of the adult rat brain: amygdala, cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus and substantia nigra. Microarray profiling uncovered 48 miRNAs displaying more than three-fold enrichment between two or more brain regions. Notably, we found reciprocal expression profiles for a subset of the miRNAs predominantly found (> ten times) in either the cerebellum (miR-206 and miR-497) or the forebrain regions (miR-132, miR-212, miR-221 and miR-222). Conclusions/Significance The results indicate that some miRNAs could be important for area-specific functions in the brain. Our data, combined with previous studies in mice, provides additional guidance for future investigations of miRNA functions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Klausen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Helboe
- Discovery Biology Research, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Etholm B, Olsen L, Skrede K. Click—evoked Responses in the Medial Geniculate Body in Awake Cats. Acta Otolaryngol 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/00016487009131566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hegstad S, Stray-Pedersen A, Olsen L, Vege A, Rognum TO, Morland J, Christophersen AS. Determination of Cotinine in Pericardial Fluid and Whole Blood by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 2009; 33:218-22. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/33.4.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Olsen L, Bottorff JL, Raina P, Frankish CJ. An ethnography of low-income mothers' safeguarding efforts. J Safety Res 2008; 39:609-616. [PMID: 19064046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Children living in lower-income environments are at greater risk for unintentional injuries. However, little is known about the safety practices of mothers living in low-income situations. METHOD This ethnographic study explored the child safeguarding experiences of low-income mothers using in-home interviews and observations. RESULTS Mothers' safeguarding efforts included cognitive and emotional work, child directed work, and work directed at the physical and social environments. Factors that influenced the women's safeguarding included the quality of the indoor space, availability of safe play space, traffic hazards, sibling interactions, child care supports, relationships with neighbors, and trust in community services. DISCUSSION These findings have implications for the conceptualization of safeguarding practices and provide insight about the experiences of mothers living on low-incomes. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY When developing safety interventions, program planners should consider the views and practices of mothers as well as contextual factors in the physical and social environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Olsen
- Centre for Community Child Health Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Hansen T, Olsen L, Lindow M, Jakobsen KD, Ullum H, Jonsson E, Andreassen OA, Djurovic S, Melle I, Agartz I, Hall H, Timm S, Wang AG, Werge T. Brain expressed microRNAs implicated in schizophrenia etiology. PLoS One 2007; 2:e873. [PMID: 17849003 PMCID: PMC1964806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein encoding genes have long been the major targets for research in schizophrenia genetics. However, with the identification of regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) as important in brain development and function, miRNAs genes have emerged as candidates for schizophrenia-associated genetic factors. Indeed, the growing understanding of the regulatory properties and pleiotropic effects that miRNA have on molecular and cellular mechanisms, suggests that alterations in the interactions between miRNAs and their mRNA targets may contribute to phenotypic variation. Methodology/Principal Findings We have studied the association between schizophrenia and genetic variants of miRNA genes associated with brain-expression using a case-control study design on three Scandinavian samples. Eighteen known SNPs within or near brain-expressed miRNAs in three samples (Danish, Swedish and Norwegian: 420/163/257 schizophrenia patients and 1006/177/293 control subjects), were analyzed. Subsequently, joint analysis of the three samples was performed on SNPs showing marginal association. Two SNPs rs17578796 and rs1700 in hsa-mir-206 (mir-206) and hsa-mit-198 (mir-198) showed nominal significant allelic association to schizophrenia in the Danish and Norwegian sample respectively (P = 0.0021 & p = 0.038), of which only rs17578796 was significant in the joint sample. In-silico analysis revealed that 8 of the 15 genes predicted to be regulated by both mir-206 and mir-198, are transcriptional targets or interaction partners of the JUN, ATF2 and TAF1 connected in a tight network. JUN and two of the miRNA targets (CCND2 and PTPN1) in the network have previously been associated with schizophrenia. Conclusions/Significance We found nominal association between brain-expressed miRNAs and schizophrenia for rs17578796 and rs1700 located in mir-206 and mir-198 respectively. These two miRNAs have a surprising large number (15) of targets in common, eight of which are also connected by the same transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hansen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Sct. Hans Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Centre for Pharmacogenomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Olsen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Sct. Hans Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Morten Lindow
- Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus D. Jakobsen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Sct. Hans Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Jonsson
- Human Brain Informatics, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- TOP-project, Department of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- TOP-project, Department of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- TOP-project, Department of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Human Brain Informatics, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Hall
- Human Brain Informatics, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sally Timm
- University Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - August G. Wang
- University Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Amager, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Sct. Hans Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to test an intervention aimed at addressing the risk of injury in infants 2 - 12 months of age. A non-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted, whereby parents were randomly assigned to either a control or one of two intervention groups. Parents completed questionnaires regarding safety behaviours and injuries at the 2 (baseline), 6 and 12 month immunization visit at the community health unit. During the 2 month visit to the health unit, the two intervention groups received a home safety kit containing nine items, an instructional brochure and a risk assessment checklist. Subjects randomized to the safety kit plus home visit group also received a standardized home visit from a community health nurse. Two of the 14 parental safety behaviours showed a significant increase in use among parents in the intervention groups. Neither of the interventions was associated with a reduction in parent-reported injuries among children. It was concluded that home visitation may provide a beneficial adjunct to the provision of safety devices and may increase use by parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Babul
- BC Injury Research & Prevention Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Olsen L, Rasmussen HB, Hansen T, Bagger YZ, Tankó LB, Qin G, Christiansen C, Werge T. Estrogen receptor alpha and risk for cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women. Psychiatr Genet 2006; 16:85-8. [PMID: 16538187 DOI: 10.1097/01.ypg.0000194445.27555.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene has been implicated in the process of cognitive impairment in elderly women. In a paired case-control study, we tested whether two ESR1 gene polymorphisms (the XbaI and PvuII sites) are risk factors for cognitive impairment as measured by the six-item Orientation-Memory-Concentration test in postmenopausal Danish women. Hormone replacement therapy, age and executive cognitive ability were examined as covariates for ESR1 gene effects on cognitive impairment. The XbaI polymorphism showed a marginal effect on cognitive abilities (P=0.054) when adjusted for executive cognitive ability. Using a dominant genetic model for the X allele, we found an elevated risk (executive cognitive ability adjusted P=0.033) for cognitive impairment. Hormone replacement therapy also had a borderline effect on cognitive ability (P=0.049) and this effect was reflected in executive cognitive ability. These data support that the ESR1 gene variants affect cognitive functioning in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Olsen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
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