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Austin TR, Fink HA, Jalal DI, Törnqvist AE, Buzkova P, Barzilay JI, Lu T, Carbone L, Gabrielsen ME, Grahnemo L, Hveem K, Jonasson C, Kizer JR, Langhammer A, Mukamal KJ, Gerszten RE, Nethander M, Psaty BM, Robbins JA, Sun YV, Heidi Skogholt A, Åsvold BO, Valderrabano RJ, Zheng J, Brent Richards J, Coward E, Ohlsson C. Large-scale circulating proteome association study (CPAS) meta-analysis identifies circulating proteins and pathways predicting incident hip fractures. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:139-149. [PMID: 38477735 PMCID: PMC11070286 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Hip fractures are associated with significant disability, high cost, and mortality. However, the exact biological mechanisms underlying susceptibility to hip fractures remain incompletely understood. In an exploratory search of the underlying biology as reflected through the circulating proteome, we performed a comprehensive Circulating Proteome Association Study (CPAS) meta-analysis for incident hip fractures. Analyses included 6430 subjects from two prospective cohort studies (Cardiovascular Health Study and Trøndelag Health Study) with circulating proteomics data (aptamer-based 5 K SomaScan version 4.0 assay; 4979 aptamers). Associations between circulating protein levels and incident hip fractures were estimated for each cohort using age and sex-adjusted Cox regression models. Participants experienced 643 incident hip fractures. Compared with the individual studies, inverse-variance weighted meta-analyses yielded more statistically significant associations, identifying 23 aptamers associated with incident hip fractures (conservative Bonferroni correction 0.05/4979, P < 1.0 × 10-5). The aptamers most strongly associated with hip fracture risk corresponded to two proteins of the growth hormone/insulin growth factor system (GHR and IGFBP2), as well as GDF15 and EGFR. High levels of several inflammation-related proteins (CD14, CXCL12, MMP12, ITIH3) were also associated with increased hip fracture risk. Ingenuity pathway analysis identified reduced LXR/RXR activation and increased acute phase response signaling to be overrepresented among those proteins associated with increased hip fracture risk. These analyses identified several circulating proteins and pathways consistently associated with incident hip fractures. These findings underscore the usefulness of the meta-analytic approach for comprehensive CPAS in a similar manner as has previously been observed for large-scale human genetic studies. Future studies should investigate the underlying biology of these potential novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Austin
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, United States
| | - Howard A. Fink
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 56401, United States
| | - Diana I. Jalal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
- Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52246, United States
| | - Anna E. Törnqvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98115, United States
| | - Joshua I. Barzilay
- Division of Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, Atlanta, GA, 30339, United States
| | - Tianyuan Lu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Quantitative Life Sciences Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 0B1, Canada
- 5 Prime Sciences Inc, Montreal, Quebec, H3Y 2W4, Canada
| | - Laura Carbone
- Charlie Norwood VAMC, Augusta, GA, 30901, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
| | - Maiken E. Gabrielsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, NTNU, 7600, Levanger, Norway
| | - Christian Jonasson
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, United States
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, NTNU, 7600, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, 7600, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Brookline, MA, 2446, United States
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Brookline, MA, 2446, United States
| | - Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Bioinformatics and Data Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, United States
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, United States
| | - John A. Robbins
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Yan V. Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rodrigo J. Valderrabano
- Research Program in Men’s Health, Aging and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 2130, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Digital Medicine Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, BS8 2BN, United Kingdom
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- 5 Prime Sciences Inc, Montreal, Quebec, H3Y 2W4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Twin Research, King’s College London, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Eivind Coward
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Nethander M, Movérare-Skrtic S, Kämpe A, Coward E, Reimann E, Grahnemo L, Borbély É, Helyes Z, Funck-Brentano T, Cohen-Solal M, Tuukkanen J, Koskela A, Wu J, Li L, Lu T, Gabrielsen ME, Mägi R, Hoff M, Lerner UH, Henning P, Ullum H, Erikstrup C, Brunak S, Langhammer A, Tuomi T, Oddsson A, Stefansson K, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OBV, Styrkarsdottir U, Mäkitie O, Hveem K, Richards JB, Ohlsson C. An atlas of genetic determinants of forearm fracture. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1820-1830. [PMID: 37919453 PMCID: PMC10632131 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture is among the most common and costly of diseases. While reasonably heritable, its genetic determinants have remained elusive. Forearm fractures are the most common clinically recognized osteoporotic fractures with a relatively high heritability. To establish an atlas of the genetic determinants of forearm fractures, we performed genome-wide association analyses including 100,026 forearm fracture cases. We identified 43 loci, including 26 new fracture loci. Although most fracture loci associated with bone mineral density, we also identified loci that primarily regulate bone quality parameters. Functional studies of one such locus, at TAC4, revealed that Tac4-/- mice have reduced mechanical bone strength. The strongest forearm fracture signal, at WNT16, displayed remarkable bone-site-specificity with no association with hip fractures. Tall stature and low body mass index were identified as new causal risk factors for fractures. The insights from this atlas may improve fracture prediction and enable therapeutic development to prevent fractures.
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Grants
- Wellcome Trust
- IngaBritt och Arne Lundbergs Forskningsstiftelse (Ingabritt and Arne Lundberg Research Foundation)
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation)
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation)
- the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-720331 and ALFGBG-965235)
- the Hungarian Brain research Program 3.0, Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (OTKA K- 138046, OTKA FK-137951, TKP2021-EGA-16), New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology (ÚNKP-22-5-PTE-1447), János Bolyai János Scholarship (BO/00496/21/5) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eotvos Lorad Research Network, National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development.
- Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- Svenska Läkaresällskapet (Swedish Society of Medicine)
- Kempestiftelserna (Kempe Foundations)
- the Swedish Sports Research Council (87/06) the Medical Faculty of Umeå University (ALFVLL:968:22-2005, ALFVLL: 937-2006, ALFVLL:223:11-2007, ALFVLL:78151-2009) the county council of Västerbotten (Spjutspetsanslag VLL:159:33-2007)
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Kämpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ene Reimann
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Éva Borbély
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Budapest, Hungary
- Eotvos Lorand Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Thomas Funck-Brentano
- BIOSCAR UMRS 1132, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- BIOSCAR UMRS 1132, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tianyuan Lu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Hoff
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Rheumatology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen Hospital Biobank Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Vesterager Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | | | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - J Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Drug Treatment, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Grahnemo L, Eriksson AL, Nethander M, Johansson R, Lorentzon M, Mellström D, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Ohlsson C. Low Circulating Valine Associate With High Risk of Hip Fractures. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1384-e1393. [PMID: 37178220 PMCID: PMC10583993 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hip fractures constitute a major health concern. An adequate supply of amino acids is crucial to ensure optimal acquisition and remodeling of bone. Circulating amino acid levels have been proposed as markers of bone mineral density, but data on their ability to predict incident fractures are scarce. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between circulating amino acids and incident fractures. METHODS We used UK Biobank (n = 111 257; 901 hip fracture cases) as a discovery cohort and the Umeå Fracture and Osteoporosis (UFO) hip fracture study (hip fracture cases n = 2225; controls n = 2225) for replication. Associations with bone microstructure parameters were tested in a subsample of Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sweden (n = 449). RESULTS Circulating valine was robustly associated with hip fractures in the UK Biobank (HR per SD increase 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.84), and this finding was replicated in the UFO study (combined meta-analysis including 3126 incident hip fracture cases, odds ratio per SD increase 0.84, 95% CI 0.80-0.88). Detailed bone microstructure analyses showed that high circulating valine was associated with high cortical bone area and trabecular thickness. CONCLUSION Low circulating valine is a robust predictor of incident hip fractures. We propose that circulating valine may add information for hip fracture prediction. Future studies are warranted to determine whether low valine is causally associated with hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna L Eriksson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Bioinformatics and Data Centre, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Johansson
- The Biobank Research Unit, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 3000 VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dan Mellström
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Pettersson-Kymmer
- Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-90197 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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4
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Colldén H, Hagberg Thulin M, Landin A, Horkeby K, Lagerquist M, Wu J, Nilsson KH, Grahnemo L, Poutanen M, Ryberg H, Vandenput L, Ohlsson C. Dietary progesterone contributes to intra-tissue levels of progesterone in male mice. Endocrinology 2023:bqad103. [PMID: 37403231 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone serum levels have been identified as a potential predictor for treatment effect in men with advanced prostate cancer, which is an androgen-driven disease. Although progesterone is the most abundant sex steroid in orchiectomized (ORX) male mice, the origins of progesterone in males are unclear. To determine the origins of progesterone and androgens, we first determined the effect of ORX, adrenalectomy (ADX), or both (ORX+ADX) on progesterone levels in multiple male mouse tissues. As expected, intra-tissue androgen levels were mainly testicular-derived. Interestingly, progesterone levels remained high after ORX and ORX+ADX with the highest levels in white adipose tissue (WAT) and in the gastrointestinal tract. High progesterone levels were observed in mouse chow and exceptionally high progesterone levels were observed in food items such as dairy, eggs, and beef, all derived from female animals of reproductive age. To determine if orally ingested progesterone contributes to tissue levels of progesterone in males, we treated ORX+ADX and sham mice with isotope labeled progesterone or vehicle by oral gavage. We observed a significant uptake of labeled progesterone in WAT and prostate, suggesting that dietary progesterone may contribute to tissue levels of progesterone. In conclusion, although adrenal-derived progesterone contributes to intra-tissue progesterone levels in males, non-adrenal progesterone sources also contribute. We propose that dietary progesterone is absorbed and contributes to intra-tissue progesterone levels in male mice. We speculate that food with high progesterone content could be a significant source of progesterone in males, possibly with consequences for men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Colldén
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Malin Hagberg Thulin
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Andreas Landin
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Marie Lagerquist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Henrik Ryberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
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5
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Grahnemo L, Nethander M, Coward E, Gabrielsen ME, Sree S, Billod JM, Sjögren K, Engstrand L, Dekkers KF, Fall T, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Ohlsson C. Identification of three bacterial species associated with increased appendicular lean mass: the HUNT study. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2250. [PMID: 37080991 PMCID: PMC10119287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Appendicular lean mass (ALM) associates with mobility and bone mineral density (BMD). While associations between gut microbiota composition and ALM have been reported, previous studies rely on relatively small sample sizes. Here, we determine the associations between prevalent gut microbes and ALM in large discovery and replication cohorts with information on relevant confounders within the population-based Norwegian HUNT cohort (n = 5196, including women and men). We show that the presence of three bacterial species - Coprococcus comes, Dorea longicatena, and Eubacterium ventriosum - are reproducibly associated with higher ALM. When combined into an anabolic species count, participants with all three anabolic species have 0.80 kg higher ALM than those without any. In an exploratory analysis, the anabolic species count is positively associated with femoral neck and total hip BMD. We conclude that the anabolic species count may be used as a marker of ALM and BMD. The therapeutic potential of these anabolic species to prevent sarcopenia and osteoporosis needs to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maiken Elvestad Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Satya Sree
- Bio-Me, Oslo Science Park, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jean-Marc Billod
- Bio-Me, Oslo Science Park, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Biomedicum A8, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Koen F Dekkers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Drug Treatment, Gothenburg, Sweden
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6
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Lawenius L, Cowardin C, Grahnemo L, Scheffler JM, Horkeby K, Engdahl C, Wu J, Vandenput L, Koskela A, Tukkanen J, Coward E, Hveem K, Langhammer A, Abrahamsson S, Gordon JI, Sjögren K, Ohlsson C. Transplantation of gut microbiota from old mice into young healthy mice reduces lean mass but not bone mass. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2236755. [PMID: 37475479 PMCID: PMC10364652 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with low bone and lean mass as well as alterations in the gut microbiota (GM). In this study, we determined whether the reduced bone mass and relative lean mass observed in old mice could be transferred to healthy young mice by GM transplantation (GMT). GM from old (21-month-old) and young adult (5-month-old) donors was used to colonize germ-free (GF) mice in three separate studies involving still growing 5- or 11-week-old recipients and 17-week-old recipients with minimal bone growth. The GM of the recipient mice was similar to that of the donors, demonstrating successful GMT. GM from old mice did not have statistically significant effects on bone mass or bone strength, but significantly reduced the lean mass percentage of still growing recipient mice when compared with recipients of GM from young adult mice. The levels of propionate in the cecum of mice receiving old donor GM were significantly lower than those in mice receiving young adult donor GM. Bacteroides ovatus was enriched in the microbiota of recipient mice harboring GM from young adult donors. The presence of B. ovatus was not only significantly associated with high lean mass percentage in mice, but also with lean mass adjusted for fat mass in the large human HUNT cohort. In conclusion, GM from old mice reduces lean mass percentage but not bone mass in young, healthy, still growing recipient mice. Future studies are warranted to determine whether GM from young mice improves the musculoskeletal phenotype of frail elderly recipient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lawenius
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carrie Cowardin
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia M. Scheffler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Sanna Abrahamsson
- Bioinformatics and Data Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey I. Gordon
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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7
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Nethander M, Coward E, Reimann E, Grahnemo L, Gabrielsen ME, Wibom C, Mägi R, Funck-Brentano T, Hoff M, Langhammer A, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Hveem K, Ohlsson C. Assessment of the genetic and clinical determinants of hip fracture risk: Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomization study. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100776. [PMID: 36260985 PMCID: PMC9589021 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hip fracture is the clinically most important fracture, but the genetic architecture of hip fracture is unclear. Here, we perform a large-scale hip fracture genome-wide association study meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study using five cohorts from European biobanks. The results show that five genetic signals associate with hip fractures. Among these, one signal associates with falls, but not with bone mineral density (BMD), while four signals are in loci known to be involved in bone biology. Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrate a strong causal effect of decreased femoral neck BMD and moderate causal effects of Alzheimer's disease and having ever smoked regularly on risk of hip fractures. The substantial causal effect of decreased femoral neck BMD on hip fractures in both young and old subjects and in both men and women supports the use of change in femoral neck BMD as a surrogate outcome for hip fractures in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ene Reimann
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Carl Wibom
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Thomas Funck-Brentano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Rheumatology, Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U1132, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mari Hoff
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Rheumatology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Forskningsveien 2, 7600 Levanger, Norway"; Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | | | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; HUNT Research Centre, Forskningsveien 2, 7600 Levanger, Norway"; Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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8
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Lawenius L, Colldén H, Horkeby K, Wu J, Grahnemo L, Vandenput L, Ohlsson C, Sjögren K. A probiotic mix partially protects against castration-induced bone loss in male mice. J Endocrinol 2022; 254:91-101. [PMID: 35661635 PMCID: PMC9254303 DOI: 10.1530/joe-21-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies in postmenopausal women and ovariectomized mice show that the probiotic mix Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DSM13434, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 15312 and DSM 15313 (L. Mix) can protect from bone loss caused by sex steroid deficiency. Whether probiotic bacteria can protect bone also in sex steroid-deficient males is less studied. We used the orchiectomized mouse as a model for age-dependent bone loss caused by decreasing sex hormone levels in males. We treated 10-week-old male mice with either vehicle (veh) or L. Mix for 6 weeks, starting 2 weeks before orchiectomy (orx) or sham surgery. Importantly, mice treated with L. Mix had a general increase in total body bone mineral density (BMD) and lean mass (P ≤ 0.05) compared with veh-treated mice. Detailed computer tomography analysis of dissected bones showed increased trabecular BMD of the distal metaphyseal region of the femur in L. Mix compared to veh-treated orx mice (+8.0%, P ≤ 0.05). In the vertebra, L. Mix treatment increased trabecular bone volume fraction BV/TV (+11.5%, P ≤ 0.05) compared to veh in orx mice. Also, L. Mix increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as propionate and acetate and important intermediates in SCFA synthesis such as succinate and lactate in the cecal content of male mice. In conclusion, L. Mix treatment resulted in a general increase in BMD in adult male mice and prevented trabecular bone loss in femur and vertebra of orx mice. These bone protective effects of L. Mix were associated with increased levels of SCFAs in the cecal content of male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lawenius
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannah Colldén
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to K Sjögren:
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9
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Grahnemo L, Nethander M, Coward E, Gabrielsen ME, Sree S, Billod JM, Engstrand L, Abrahamsson S, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Ohlsson C. Cross-sectional associations between the gut microbe Ruminococcus gnavus and features of the metabolic syndrome. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 10:481-483. [PMID: 35662399 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(22)00113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Eivind Coward
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maiken Elvestad Gabrielsen
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Biomedicum A8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Abrahamsson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden; Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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10
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Grahnemo L, Nethander M, Coward E, Gabrielsen ME, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Ohlsson C. Identification of three bacteria species associated with increased lean mass – The HUNT study. Bone Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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11
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Funck-Brentano T, Grahnemo L, Hjelmgren O, Brandberg J, Bergström G, Ohlsson C. Associations of Trabecular and Cortical Volumetric Bone Mineral Density With Coronary Artery Calcification Score: The Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study Pilot Study. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:238-240. [PMID: 33052374 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.4880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Funck-Brentano
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Hjelmgren
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Brandberg
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Svahn SL, Pattanaik B, Grahnemo L, Gutierrez S, Nookaew I, Jansson JO, Johansson ME. Spleen proteomics data from high fat diet fed mice. Data Brief 2020; 32:106110. [PMID: 32904176 PMCID: PMC7451803 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of the diet affects many processes in the body, including body weight and endocrine system. We have previously shown that dietary fat also affects the immune system. Mice fed high fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids survive S. aureus infection to a much greater extent than mice fed high fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids. Here we present data regarding the dietary effects on protein expression in spleen from mice fed three different diets, I) low fat/chow diet (LFD, n = 4), II) high fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids (HFD-S, n = 4) and III) high fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (HFD-P, n = 4). We performed mass spectrophotometry based quantitative proteomics analysis of isolated spleen by implementing the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) approach. Mass spectrometry data were analyzed using Proteome Discoverer 2.4 software using the search engine mascot against Mus musculus in SwissProt. 924 proteins are identified in all sets (n = 4) for different dietary effects taken for statistical analysis using Qlucore Omics Explorer software. Only 20 proteins were found to be differentially expressed with a cut-off value of false discovery rate < 0.1 (q-value) when comparing HFD-S and HFD-P but no differentially expressed proteins were found when LFD was compared with HFD-P or HFD-S. The identified proteins and statistical analysis comparing HFD-S and HFD-P diets are available as a supplementary file S1. We identified a subset of proteins that showed an inverse expression pattern between two high fat diets. These differentially expressed proteins were further classified by gene ontology for their role in biological processes and molecular functions. Mass spectrometry raw data are also available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD020365.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Svahn
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bagmi Pattanaik
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Saray Gutierrez
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - John-Olov Jansson
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria E Johansson
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Törnqvist AE, Grahnemo L, Nilsson KH, Funck-Brentano T, Ohlsson C, Movérare-Skrtic S. Wnt16 Overexpression in Osteoblasts Increases the Subchondral Bone Mass but has no Impact on Osteoarthritis in Young Adult Female Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:31-40. [PMID: 32140758 PMCID: PMC7270053 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that high bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis (OA), but the causality of this relationship remains unclear. Both bone mass and OA have been associated with the WNT signaling pathway in genetic studies, there is thus an interest in studying molecular partners of the WNT signaling pathway and OA. Female mice overexpressing WNT16 in osteoblasts (Obl-Wnt16 mice) have an increased bone mass. We aimed to evaluate if the high bone mass in Obl-Wnt16 mice leads to a more severe experimental OA development than in WT control mice. We induced experimental OA in female Obl-Wnt16 and WT control mice by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM). The Obl-Wnt16 mice displayed thicker medial and lateral subchondral bone plates as well as increased subchondral trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) but un-altered thickness of articular cartilage compared to WT mice. After DMM surgery, there was no difference in OA severity in the articular cartilage in the knee joint between the Obl-Wnt16 and WT mice. Both the Obl-Wnt16 and WT mice developed osteophytes in the DMM-operated tibia to a similar extent. We conclude that although the Obl-Wnt16 female mice have a high subchondral bone mass due to increased WNT signaling, they do not exhibit a more severe OA phenotype than their WT controls. This demonstrates that high bone mass does not result in an increased risk of OA per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Törnqvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Klin Farm Lab, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Vita Stråket 11, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Funck-Brentano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- BIOSCAR, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75010, Paris, France
- Department of Rheumatology, AP-HP, Hopital Lariboisière, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Postmenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus have an increased risk of osteoporosis and associated fractures. Their increased osteoporosis risk is probably caused by a high level of inflammation, use of glucocorticoids, impaired kidney function, and early menopause as these are known risk factors for osteoporosis. Due to these risk factors and the lack of safe and effective treatments, new therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis in this group of patients are needed. Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a well-established model for studies of postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus; however, it is not clear to what extent this experimental model is associated with the development of osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the skeleton of ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice to determine the suitability of this model in studies of prospective new therapies for osteoporosis in postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS Skeletal parameters were measured in MRL/lpr mice and MRL/++ control mice, using peripheral quantitative computed tomography, high-resolution micro-computed tomography and biomechanical analyses. mRNA expression of bone-remodeling markers was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serological markers of lupus disease were evaluated using ELISA. RESULTS Total bone mineral density was reduced in MRL/lpr mice compared with MRL/++ mice and MRL/lpr mice had reduced cortical and trabecular bone thickness compared with MRL/++ mice. In line with the low bone mass of MRL/lpr mice, gene expression analysis of cortical bone from these mice indicated an increased osteoclast activity as well as a decreased osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast activity, compared with MRL/++ mice. CONCLUSION Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a valuable experimental model for studies of osteoporosis development in postmenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus and this model is thus suitable for future studies of osteoporosis treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nordqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - U Islander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Farman HH, Gustafsson KL, Henning P, Grahnemo L, Lionikaite V, Movérare-Skrtic S, Wu J, Ryberg H, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Levin ER, Ohlsson C, Lagerquist MK. Membrane estrogen receptor α is essential for estrogen signaling in the male skeleton. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:303-312. [PMID: 30400010 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The importance of estrogen receptor α (ERα) for the regulation of bone mass in males is well established. ERα mediates estrogenic effects both via nuclear and membrane-initiated ERα (mERα) signaling. The role of mERα signaling for the effects of estrogen on bone in male mice is unknown. To investigate the role of mERα signaling, we have used mice (Nuclear-Only-ER; NOER) with a point mutation (C451A), which results in inhibited trafficking of ERα to the plasma membrane. Gonadal-intact male NOER mice had a significantly decreased total body areal bone mineral density (aBMD) compared to WT littermates at 3, 6 and 9 months of age as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). High-resolution microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis of tibia in 3-month-old males demonstrated a decrease in cortical and trabecular thickness in NOER mice compared to WT littermates. As expected, estradiol (E2) treatment of orchidectomized (ORX) WT mice increased total body aBMD, trabecular BV/TV and cortical thickness in tibia compared to placebo treatment. E2 treatment increased these skeletal parameters also in ORX NOER mice. However, the estrogenic responses were significantly decreased in ORX NOER mice compared with ORX WT mice. In conclusion, mERα is essential for normal estrogen signaling in both trabecular and cortical bone in male mice. Increased knowledge of estrogen signaling mechanisms in the regulation of the male skeleton may aid in the development of new treatment options for male osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Farman
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Ryberg
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E R Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- The Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Grahnemo L, Gustafsson KL, Sjögren K, Henning P, Lionikaite V, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Wernstedt Asterholm I, Lagerquist MK. Increased bone mass in a mouse model with low fat mass. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1274-E1285. [PMID: 30253110 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00257.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mice with impaired acute inflammatory responses within adipose tissue display reduced diet-induced fat mass gain associated with glucose intolerance and systemic inflammation. Therefore, acute adipose tissue inflammation is needed for a healthy expansion of adipose tissue. Because inflammatory disorders are associated with bone loss, we hypothesized that impaired acute adipose tissue inflammation leading to increased systemic inflammation results in a lower bone mass. To test this hypothesis, we used mice overexpressing an adenoviral protein complex, the receptor internalization and degradation (RID) complex that inhibits proinflammatory signaling, under the control of the aP2 promotor (RID tg mice), resulting in suppressed inflammatory signaling in adipocytes. As expected, RID tg mice had lower high-fat diet-induced weight and fat mass gain and higher systemic inflammation than littermate wild-type control mice. Contrary to our hypothesis, RID tg mice had increased bone mass in long bones and vertebrae, affecting trabecular and cortical parameters, as well as improved humeral biomechanical properties. We did not find any differences in bone formation or resorption parameters as determined by histology or enzyme immunoassay. However, bone marrow adiposity, often negatively associated with bone mass, was decreased in male RID tg mice as determined by histological analysis of tibia. In conclusion, mice with reduced fat mass due to impaired adipose tissue inflammation have increased bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - K L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - K Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - P Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - V Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - I Wernstedt Asterholm
- Unit of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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17
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Svahn SL, Väremo L, Gabrielsson BG, Peris E, Nookaew I, Grahnemo L, Sandberg AS, Wernstedt Asterholm I, Jansson JO, Nielsen J, Johansson ME. Six Tissue Transcriptomics Reveals Specific Immune Suppression in Spleen by Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155099. [PMID: 27166587 PMCID: PMC4864434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are suggested to modulate immune function, but the effects of dietary fatty acids composition on gene expression patterns in immune organs have not been fully characterized. In the current study we investigated how dietary fatty acids composition affects the total transcriptome profile, and especially, immune related genes in two immune organs, spleen (SPL) and bone marrow cells (BMC). Four tissues with metabolic function, skeletal muscle (SKM), white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and liver (LIV), were investigated as a comparison. Following 8 weeks on low fat diet (LFD), high fat diet (HFD) rich in saturated fatty acids (HFD-S), or HFD rich in PUFA (HFD-P), tissue transcriptomics were analyzed by microarray and metabolic health assessed by fasting blood glucose level, HOMA-IR index, oral glucose tolerance test as well as quantification of crown-like structures in WAT. HFD-P corrected the metabolic phenotype induced by HFD-S. Interestingly, SKM and BMC were relatively inert to the diets, whereas the two adipose tissues (WAT and BAT) were mainly affected by HFD per se (both HFD-S and HFD-P). In particular, WAT gene expression was driven closer to that of the immune organs SPL and BMC by HFDs. The LIV exhibited different responses to both of the HFDs. Surprisingly, the spleen showed a major response to HFD-P (82 genes differed from LFD, mostly immune genes), while it was not affected at all by HFD-S (0 genes differed from LFD). In conclusion, the quantity and composition of dietary fatty acids affected the transcriptome in distinct manners in different organs. Remarkably, dietary PUFA, but not saturated fat, prompted a specific regulation of immune related genes in the spleen, opening the possibility that PUFA can regulate immune function by influencing gene expression in this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Svahn
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leif Väremo
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britt G Gabrielsson
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eduard Peris
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Comparative Genomics Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Dept. of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofie Sandberg
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - John-Olov Jansson
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria E Johansson
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Andersson A, Bernardi AI, Nurkkala-Karlsson M, Stubelius A, Grahnemo L, Ohlsson C, Carlsten H, Islander U. Suppression of Experimental Arthritis and Associated Bone Loss by a Tissue-Selective Estrogen Complex. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1013-20. [PMID: 26745543 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the systemic inflammation present in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), decreased estradiol levels in postmenopausal RA patients further accelerate bone loss in these patients. The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC), an estrogen combined with a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is a new hormone replacement therapy option. The first approved TSEC, containing conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene (BZA), reduces menopausal symptoms and prevents osteoporosis with an improved safety profile compared with conventional hormone replacement therapy. Previous studies have shown that estrogens strongly inhibit experimental arthritis whereas BZA is mildly suppressive. In this study the antiarthritic potential of combined BZA and estradiol is explored for the first time. Female ovariectomized DBA/1 mice were subjected to collagen-induced arthritis, an experimental postmenopausal RA model, and treated with BZA, 17β-estradiol (E2), combined BZA and E2 (BZA/E2), or vehicle. BZA/E2 suppressed arthritis severity and frequency, synovitis, and joint destruction, equally efficient as E2 alone. Unwanted estrogenic proliferative effects on the endometrium were blocked by the addition of BZA, determined by collecting uterine weights. Bone mineral density was measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and all treatments protected collagen-induced arthritis mice from both trabecular and cortical bone loss. Moreover, BZA/E2, but not E2 alone, inhibited preosteoclast formation and reduced serum anticollagen type II antibodies. In conclusion, a TSEC, herein combined BZA/E2, suppresses experimental arthritis and prevents associated bone loss as efficiently as E2 alone but with minimal uterine effects, highlighting the need for clinical trials that evaluate the addition of a TSEC to conventional postmenopausal RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Andersson
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Angelina I Bernardi
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Merja Nurkkala-Karlsson
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research (A.A., A.I.B., M.N.-K., A.S., L.G., H.C., U.I.) and Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition (C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Schéle E, Grahnemo L, Anesten F, Hallén A, Bäckhed F, Jansson JO. Regulation of body fat mass by the gut microbiota: Possible mediation by the brain. Peptides 2016; 77:54-9. [PMID: 25934163 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
New insight suggests gut microbiota as a component in energy balance. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota can impact metabolic regulation is unclear. A recent study from our lab shows, for the first time, a link between gut microbiota and energy balance circuitries in the hypothalamus and brainstem. In this article we will review this study further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Schéle
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Anesten
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Hallén
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark.
| | - John-Olov Jansson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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20
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Wu J, Movérare-Skrtic S, Börjesson AE, Lagerquist MK, Sjögren K, Windahl SH, Koskela A, Grahnemo L, Islander U, Wilhelmson AS, Tivesten Å, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C. Enzalutamide Reduces the Bone Mass in the Axial But Not the Appendicular Skeleton in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:969-77. [PMID: 26587782 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone is a crucial regulator of the skeleton, but the role of the androgen receptor (AR) for the maintenance of the adult male skeleton is unclear. In the present study, the role of the AR for bone metabolism and skeletal growth after sexual maturation was evaluated by means of the drug enzalutamide, which is a new AR antagonist used in the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Nine-week-old male mice were treated with 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg·d of enzalutamide for 21 days or were surgically castrated and were compared with vehicle-treated gonadal intact mice. Although orchidectomy reduced the cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone volume fraction in the appendicular skeleton, these parameters were unaffected by enzalutamide. In contrast, both enzalutamide and orchidectomy reduced the bone mass in the axial skeleton as demonstrated by a reduced lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (P < .001) and trabecular bone volume fraction in L5 vertebrae (P < .001) compared with vehicle-treated gonadal intact mice. A compression test of the L5 vertebrae revealed that the mechanical strength in the axial skeleton was significantly reduced by enzalutamide (maximal load at failure -15.3% ± 3.5%; P < .01). The effects of enzalutamide in the axial skeleton were associated with a high bone turnover. In conclusion, enzalutamide reduces the bone mass in the axial but not the appendicular skeleton in male mice after sexual maturation. We propose that the effect of testosterone on the axial skeleton in male mice is mainly mediated via the AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyao Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna E Börjesson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna S Wilhelmson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Tivesten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bernardi AI, Andersson A, Stubelius A, Grahnemo L, Carlsten H, Islander U. Selective estrogen receptor modulators in T cell development and T cell dependent inflammation. Immunobiology 2015; 220:1122-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Andersson A, Grahnemo L, Engdahl C, Stubelius A, Lagerquist MK, Carlsten H, Islander U. IL-17-producing γδT cells are regulated by estrogen during development of experimental arthritis. Clin Immunol 2015; 161:324-32. [PMID: 26423309 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) drives inflammation and destruction of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The female sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) inhibits experimental arthritis. γδT cells are significant producers of IL-17, thus the aim of this study was to investigate if E2 influenced IL-17(+) γδT cells during arthritis development using a variety of experimental RA models: collagen-induced arthritis (CIA); antigen-induced arthritis (AIA); and collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA). We demonstrate that E2 treatment decreases IL-17(+) γδT cell number in joints, but increases IL-17(+) γδT cells in draining lymph nodes, suggesting an E2-mediated prevention of IL-17(+) γδT cell migration from lymph nodes to joints, in concert with our recently reported effects of E2 on Th17 cells (Andersson et al., 2015). E2 did neither influence the general γδT cell population nor IFNγ(+) γδT cells, implying a selective regulation of IL-17-producing cells. In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of estrogen's role in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Andersson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Grahnemo L, Andersson A, Nurkkala-Karlsson M, Stubelius A, Lagerquist MK, Svensson MND, Ohlsson C, Carlsten H, Islander U. Trabecular bone loss in collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015. [PMID: 26209517 PMCID: PMC4514982 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased risk of developing osteoporosis due to chronic inflammation and estrogen deprivation. Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA), an experimental polyarthritis model representing the effector phase of arthritis, is mainly mediated by the innate immune system. Compared to the widely used collagen-induced arthritis model, CAIA is conveniently short and can be used in C57BL/6 mice, enabling studies with knock-out mice. However, the impact on bone of the CAIA model in C57BL/6 mice has not previously been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if CAIA can be used to study postmenopausal arthritis-induced osteoporosis. Methods CAIA was induced by administration of collagen-type II antibodies and lipopolysaccharide to ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice. Control mice received lipopolysaccharide, but no antibodies. Nine days later, femurs were collected for high-resolution micro-CT and histomorphometry. Serum was used to assess cartilage breakdown and levels of complement. Frequencies of immune cell subsets from bone marrow and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometery. Results Trabecular bone mass was decreased and associated with increased number of osteoclasts per bone surface in the CAIA model. Also, the frequency of interleukin-17+ cells in lymph nodes was increased in CAIA. Conclusion The present study show that CAIA, a short reproducible arthritis model that is compatible with C57BL/6 mice, is associated with increased number of osteoclasts and trabecular bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Annica Andersson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Merja Nurkkala-Karlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Su Sahlgrenska, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Mattias N D Svensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Su Sahlgrenska, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Andersson A, Stubelius A, Karlsson MN, Engdahl C, Erlandsson M, Grahnemo L, Lagerquist MK, Islander U. Estrogen regulates T helper 17 phenotype and localization in experimental autoimmune arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:32. [PMID: 25888974 PMCID: PMC4355457 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence and progression of many autoimmune diseases are sex-biased, which might be explained by the immunomodulating properties of endocrine hormones. Treatment with estradiol potently inhibits experimental autoimmune arthritis. Interleukin-17-producing T helper cells (Th17) are key players in several autoimmune diseases, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen on Th17 cells in experimental arthritis. METHODS Ovariectomized DBA/1 mice treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) or placebo were subjected to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and arthritis development was assessed. Th17 cells in joints and lymph nodes were studied by flow cytometry. Lymph node Th17 cells were also examined in ovariectomized estrogen receptor α-knockout mice (ERα-/-) and wild-type littermates, treated with E2 or placebo and subjected to antigen-induced arthritis. RESULTS E2-treated mice with established CIA showed reduced severity of arthritis and fewer Th17 cells in joints compared with controls. Interestingly, E2-treated mice displayed increased Th17 cells in lymph nodes during the early phase of the disease, dependent on ERα. E2 increased the expression of C-C chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) on lymph node Th17 cells as well as the expression of the corresponding C-C chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) within lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in which the effects of E2 on Th17 cells have been characterized in experimental autoimmune arthritis. We report that E2 treatment results in an increase of Th17 cells in lymph nodes during the early phase of arthritis development, but leads to a decrease of Th17 in joints during established arthritis. Our data suggest that this may be caused by interference with the CCR6-CCL20 pathway, which is important for Th17 cell migration. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of estrogen in the development of autoimmune arthritis and opens up new fields for research concerning the sex bias in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Andersson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Merja Nurkkala Karlsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Malin Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Grahnemo L, Jochems C, Andersson A, Engdahl C, Ohlsson C, Islander U, Carlsten H. Possible role of lymphocytes in glucocorticoid-induced increase in trabecular bone mineral density. J Endocrinol 2015; 224:97-108. [PMID: 25359897 PMCID: PMC4254076 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids is associated with osteoporosis. Many of the treated patients are postmenopausal women, who even without treatment have an increased risk of osteoporosis. Lymphocytes have been shown to play a role in postmenopausal and arthritis-induced osteoporosis, and they are targeted by glucocorticoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms behind effects of glucocorticoids on bone during health and menopause, focusing on lymphocytes. Female C57BL/6 or SCID mice were therefore sham-operated or ovariectomized and 2 weeks later treatment with dexamethasone (dex), the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug carprofen, or vehicle was started and continued for 2.5 weeks. At the termination of experiments, femurs were phenotyped using peripheral quantitative computed tomography and high-resolution micro-computed tomography, and markers of bone turnover were analyzed in serum. T and B lymphocyte populations in bone marrow and spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. Dex-treated C57BL/6 mice had increased trabecular bone mineral density, but lower cortical content and thickness compared with vehicle-treated mice. The dex-treated mice also had lower levels of bone turnover markers and markedly decreased numbers of spleen T and B lymphocytes. In contrast, these effects could not be repeated when mice were treated with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug carprofen. In addition, dex did not increase trabecular bone in ovariectomized SCID mice lacking functional T and B lymphocytes. In contrast to most literature, the results from this study indicate that treatment with dex increased trabecular bone density, which may indicate that this effect is associated with corticosteroid-induced alterations of the lymphocyte populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Grahnemo
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Annica Andersson
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Departments of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInternal Medicine and Clinical NutritionCentre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, Gothenburg 405 30, SwedenLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and BiologyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Bernardi AI, Andersson A, Grahnemo L, Nurkkala-Karlsson M, Ohlsson C, Carlsten H, Islander U. Effects of lasofoxifene and bazedoxifene on B cell development and function. Immun Inflamm Dis 2014; 2:214-25. [PMID: 25866629 PMCID: PMC4386916 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The third generation selective estrogen receptor modulators lasofoxifene (las) and bazedoxifene (bza) are indicated for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and the second generation SERM raloxifene (ral) have major effects on the immune system, particularly on B cells. Treatment with E2 or ral inhibits B lymphopoiesis and treatment with E2, but not ral, stimulates antibody production. The effects of las and bza on the immune system have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate their role in B cell development, maturation, and function. C57BL/6 mice were sham-operated or ovariectomized (ovx) and treated with vehicle, E2, ral, las, or bza. All substances increased total bone mineral density in ovx mice, as measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. In uterus, bza alone lacked agonistic effect in ovx mice and even acted as an antagonist in sham mice. As expected, E2 decreased B cell numbers at all developmental stages from pre-BI cells (in bone marrow) to transitional 1 (T1) B cells (in spleen) and increased marginal zone (MZ) B cells as determined by flow cytometry. However, treatment with las or bza only decreased the last stages of bone marrow B cell development and splenic T1 B cells, but had no effect MZ B cells. E2 increased antibody-producing cells quantified by ELISPOT, but las or bza did not. In conclusion, las and bza differ from E2 by retaining normal number of cells at most B cell stages during B lymphopoiesis and maturation and by not increasing antibody-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina I Bernardi
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Annica Andersson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Merja Nurkkala-Karlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden
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Jennbacken K, Ståhlman S, Grahnemo L, Wiklund O, Fogelstrand L. Glucose impairs B-1 cell function in diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 174:129-38. [PMID: 23731267 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
B-1 lymphocytes produce natural immunoglobulin (Ig)M, among which a large proportion is directed against apoptotic cells and altered self-antigens, such as modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Thereby, natural IgM maintains homeostasis in the body and is also protective against atherosclerosis. Diabetic patients have an increased risk of developing certain infections as well as atherosclerosis compared with healthy subjects, but the underlying reason is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate whether diabetes and insulin resistance affects B-1 lymphocytes and their production of natural IgM. We found that diabetic db/db mice had lower levels of peritoneal B-1a cells in the steady state-condition compared to controls. Also, activation of B-1 cells with the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 agonist Kdo2-Lipid A or immunization against Streptococcus pneumoniae led to a blunted IgM response in the diabetic db/db mice. In-vitro experiments with isolated B-1 cells showed that high concentrations of glucose, but not insulin or leptin, caused a reduced secretion of total IgM and copper-oxidized (CuOx)-LDL- and malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL-specific IgM from B-1 cells in addition to a decreased differentiation into antibody-producing cells, proliferation arrest and increased apoptosis. These results suggest that metabolic regulation of B-1 cells is of importance for the understanding of the role of this cell type in life-style-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jennbacken
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Schéle E, Grahnemo L, Anesten F, Hallén A, Bäckhed F, Jansson JO. The gut microbiota reduces leptin sensitivity and the expression of the obesity-suppressing neuropeptides proglucagon (Gcg) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) in the central nervous system. Endocrinology 2013; 154:3643-51. [PMID: 23892476 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota contributes to fat mass and the susceptibility to obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. To investigate whether the gut microbiota affects hypothalamic and brainstem body fat-regulating circuits, we compared gene expression of food intake-regulating neuropeptides between germ-free and conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice. We found that CONV-R mice had decreased expression of the antiobesity neuropeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) precursor proglucagon (Gcg) in the brainstem. Moreover, in both the hypothalamus and the brainstem, CONV-R mice had decreased expression of the antiobesity neuropeptide brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf). CONV-R mice had reduced expression of the pro-obesity peptides neuropeptide-Y (Npy) and agouti-related protein (Agrp), and increased expression of the antiobesity peptides proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (Cart) in the hypothalamus. The latter changes in neuropeptide expression could be secondary to elevated fat mass in CONV-R mice. Leptin treatment caused less weight reduction and less suppression of orexigenic Npy and Agrp expression in CONV-R mice compared with germ-free mice. The hypothalamic expression of leptin resistance-associated suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs-3) was increased in CONV-R mice. In conclusion, the gut microbiota reduces the expression of 2 genes coding for body fat-suppressing neuropeptides, Gcg and Bdnf, an alteration that may contribute to fat mass induction by the gut microbiota. Moreover, the presence of body fat-inducing gut microbiota is associated with hypothalamic signs of Socs-3-mediated leptin resistance, which may be linked to failed compensatory body fat reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Schéle
- Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology Medicinaregatan 11, Goteborg-41390, Sweden.
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Schéle E, Benrick A, Grahnemo L, Egecioglu E, Anesten F, Pálsdóttir V, Jansson JO. Inter-relation between interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and body fat regulating circuits of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:580-9. [PMID: 23414303 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are immune modulating cytokines that also affect metabolic function because both IL-1 receptor I deficient (IL-1RI⁻/⁻) and IL-6 deficient (IL-6⁻/⁻) mice develop late-onset obesity and leptin resistance. Both IL-1 and IL-6 appear to target the central nervous system (CNS) to increase energy expenditure. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) is a major relay between the periphery and CNS in body fat regulation (e.g. by being a target of leptin). The present study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms responsible for the effects exerted by endogenous IL-1 and IL-6 on body fat at the level of the ARC, as well as possible interactions between IL-1 and IL-6. Therefore, we measured the gene expression of neuropeptides of the ARC involved in energy balance in IL-1RI⁻/⁻ and IL-6⁻/⁻ mice. We also investigated the interactions between expression of IL-1 and IL-6 in these mice, and mapped IL-6 receptor α (IL-6Rα) in the ARC. The expression of the obesity promoting peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY), found in the ARC, was increased in IL-1RI⁻/⁻ mice. The expression of NPY and agouti-related peptide (AgRP), known to be co-expressed with NPY in ARC neurones, was increased in cold exposed IL-6⁻/⁻ mice. IL-6Rα immunoreactivity was densely localised in the ARC, especially in the medial part, and was partly found in NPY positive cell bodies and also α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone positive cell bodies. The expression of hypothalamic IL-6 was decreased in IL-1RI⁻/⁻ mice, whereas IL-1ß expression was increased in IL-6⁻/⁻ mice. The results of the present study indicate that depletion of the activity of the fat suppressing cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 in knockout mice can increase the expression of the obesity promoting neuropeptide NPY in the ARC. Depletion of IL-1 activity suppresses IL-6 expression, and IL-6Rα-like immunoreactivity is present in neurones in the medial ARC, including neurones containing NPY. Therefore, IL-6, IL-1 and NPY/AgRP could interact at the level of the hypothalamic ARC in the regulation of body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schéle
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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