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Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Aktumsek A, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Rodrigues MJ, Custodio L, Polat R, Cakilcioglu U, Ayna A, Gallo M, Montesano D, Picot-Allain C. Chemical Profiling and Biological Evaluation of Nepeta baytopii Extracts and Essential Oil: An Endemic Plant from Turkey. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10061176. [PMID: 34207852 PMCID: PMC8228258 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nepeta baytopii is a poorly studied, endemic Nepeta species (Lamiaceae) of Turkey. For the first time, the biological activities (antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxicity properties) of the hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, water/methanol, and water extracts and essential oil prepared from N. baytopii aerial parts were assessed. Hydro-methanol (41.25 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) and water extracts (50.30 mg GAE/g), respectively showed the highest radical scavenging (94.40 and 129.22 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging assays) and reducing (229.37 and 129.55 mg TE/g, for ferric-reducing antioxidant power and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity assays) capacities in vitro. An interestingly high inhibition was observed for ethyl acetate extract against butyrylcholinesterase (10.85 mg galantamine equivalent/g). The methanol extract showed high cytotoxicity (31.7%) against HepG2 cells. Caryophyllene oxide was identified in high concentrations in the essential oil (39.3%). Luteolin and apigenin and their derivatives were identified from the methanol and water extracts. The results obtained from this study highlighted that the abundance of highly bioactive compounds from Nepeta baytopii ensures the multiple biological activities of the tested extracts, and this suggests a potential use in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields, and therefore should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (M.F.M.); (C.P.-A.)
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4405 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (J.J.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4405 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (J.J.); (Z.C.)
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Luisa Custodio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Rıdvan Polat
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bingol University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;
| | - Ugur Cakilcioglu
- Department of Botany, Pertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli 62000, Turkey;
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bingol University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Carene Picot-Allain
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (M.F.M.); (C.P.-A.)
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Uysal A, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-Allain C, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Rodrigues MJ, Ak G, Polat R, Urusan Z, Sinan KI, Custodio L. A comparative study on biological properties and chemical profiles of different solvent extracts from Centaurea bingoelensis, an endemic plant of Turkey. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Uysal S, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Ak G, Ceylan R, Mahomoodally MF, Uysal A, Sadeer NB, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Rodrigues MJ, Yıldıztugay E, Elbasan F, Custodio L. Chemical characterization, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibitory effects of different extracts from one sage ( Salvia ceratophylla L.) from Turkey: open a new window on industrial purposes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:5295-5310. [PMID: 35423082 PMCID: PMC8694645 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the methanolic, hydro-methanolic, dichloromethane, hexane and aqueous extracts of Salvia ceratophylla L. (Family: Lamiaceae), a lemon-scented herb, were tested for total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activities were evaluated using a battery of assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (phosphomolybdenum) and metal chelating). Enzyme inhibitory effects were investigated using acetyl- (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase as target enzymes. Regarding the cytotoxic abilities, HepG2, B164A5 and S17 cell lines were used. The phytochemical profile was conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Our data showed that the methanolic aerial extracts possessed the highest phenolic (72.50 ± 0.63 mg gallic acid equivalent per g) and flavonoid (43.77 ± 1.09 mg rutin equivalent per g) contents. The hydro-methanolic aerial extract showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity (193.40 ± 0.27 mg TE per g) and the highest reducing potential against CUPRAC (377.93 ± 2.38 mg TE per g). The best tyrosinase activity was observed with dichloromethane root extract (125.45 ± 1.41 mg kojic acid equivalent per g). Among the tested extracts, hexane root extract exerted the highest antimicrobial potential with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.048 mg mL−1. Methanolic root extract showed the lowest cytotoxicity (28%) against HepG2 cells. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of important polyphenolic compounds including luteolin, gallic acid, rosmarinic acid, to name a few. This research can be used as one methodological starting point for further investigations on this lemon-scented herb. Our findings suggested that Salvia ceratophylla could be one potential raw material in industrial applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengul Uysal
- Erciyes University Halil Bayraktar Health Services Vocational College Kayseri Turkey .,Drug Application and Research Center, Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Gunes Ak
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Ramazan Ceylan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius Réduit Mauritius
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Department of Medicinal Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services, Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius Réduit Mauritius
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza Nyíregyháza Hungary
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza Nyíregyháza Hungary
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas 8005-139 Faro Portugal
| | - Evren Yıldıztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus Konya Turkey
| | - Luisa Custodio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas 8005-139 Faro Portugal
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Zengin G, Paksoy MY, Aumeeruddy MZ, Glamocilja J, Sokovic M, Diuzheva A, Jekő J, Cziáky Z, Rodrigues MJ, Custodio L, Mahomoodally MF. New insights into the chemical profiling, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of four Bunium species. Food Res Int 2019; 123:414-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Zengin G, Stefanucci A, Rodrigues MJ, Mollica A, Custodio L, Aumeeruddy MZ, Mahomoodally MF. Scrophularia lucida L. as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical applications: In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibitory properties, in silico studies, and HPLC profiles. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 162:225-233. [PMID: 30268023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The genus Scrophularia has received much interest with regards to its traditional uses against eczema, psoriasis, and mastitis. Yet, the medicinal properties of some species still need to be scientifically validated. The present study was designed to investigate into the biological properties of various solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous) of the roots and aerial parts of Scrophularia lucida based on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory activities together with phytochemical screening. Our results revealed that the solvent extracts differed in their biological effectiveness. The root ethyl acetate extract showed the highest ABTS scavenging, FRAP, CUPRAC, and inhibitory activity against AChE and α-glucosidase. The ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts displayed the highest BChE and α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant effect in the phosphomolybdenum assay, while the methanol extracts of both parts were the most effective DPPH• scavengers and tyrosinase inhibitors. The methanol extracts of the root and aerial parts also inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine leukemic monocyte-macrophage cell (4.99% and 10.77%, respectively), at 31.25 μg/mL concentration. The highest TPC (34.98 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (48.33 mg RE/g extract) were observed in the ethyl acetate extract of the root and aerial parts, respectively. The most abundant compounds in the root ethyl acetate extract were luteolin (852 μg/g extract), rosmarinic acid (522 μg/g extract), and hesperidin (394 μg/g extract) while kaempferol was most abundant in the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts (628 μg/g extract). In silico experiments were conducted on tyrosinase and the higher docking values were observed for rosmarinic acid and hesperidin. The present findings provide base line information which tend to support the potential use of S. lucida in the management of several chronic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campıus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luisa Custodio
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230, Réduit, Mauritius
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Custodio L, Prados L, Yiannikouris A, Figueira D, da Gloria E, Holder V, Pettigrew J, Kuritza L, Resende F, Siqueira G. PSXIV-26 Do mycotoxin contaminated diets and yeast-derived adsorbent affect finishing Nellore cattle performance in feedlot? J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - L Prados
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Colina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - V Holder
- Alltech Inc,Nicholasville, KY, United States
| | - J Pettigrew
- Pettigrew Research Services,Urbana, IL, United States
| | - L Kuritza
- Alltech Inc,Nicholasville, KY, United States
| | - F Resende
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Sao Roque, Brazil
| | - G Siqueira
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Sao Roque, Brazil
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Custodio L, Prados L, Yiannikouris A, Figueira D, da Gloria E, Holder V, Pettigrew J, Kuritza L, Resende F, Siqueira G. PSXIV-27 Do mycotoxin contaminated diets and yeast-derived adsorbent affect meat quality of finishing Nellore cattle in feedlot? J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - L Prados
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Colina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - V Holder
- Alltech,Nicholasville, KY, United States
| | - J Pettigrew
- Pettigrew Research Services,Urbana, IL, United States
| | - L Kuritza
- Alltech,Nicholasville, KY, United States
| | - F Resende
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Sao Roque, Brazil
| | - G Siqueira
- Agencia Paulista de tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA),Brazil, Sao Roque, Brazil
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Uysal S, Ugurlu A, Zengin G, Baloglu MC, Altunoglu YC, Mollica A, Custodio L, Neng NR, Nogueira JMF, Mahomoodally MF. Novel in vitro and in silico insights of the multi-biological activities and chemical composition of Bidens tripartita L. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:525-536. [PMID: 29217268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bidens tripartita L. is a traditional phyto-remedy used in several countries, yet there is still a paucity of data on its biological potential. We aimed to provide new insights on the pharmacological potential of extracts prepared from B. tripartita via highlighting its antioxidant, key enzymes inhibitory potency, and DNA protecting effects. Phytochemical profile was established using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) and bioactive compound(s) docked against target enzymes using in silico methods. Cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines was assessed using the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability test. The main compounds were luteolin-7-glucoside (cynaroside), chlorogenic acid, and epicatechin in the extracts. The methanol extract exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate extract showed strongest α-amylase inhibitory activity, while the best α-glucosidase inhibitory effect recorded for the methanol extract. Molecular docking showed that cynaroside strongly interact to α-glucosidase cavity by establishing six hydrogen bonds. B. tripartita extracts were found to protect supercoiled form of pUC19 plasmid (>70%) and also showed anti-proliferative properties. Results amassed in the present study add on to a growing body of literature on the multi-pharmacological potency of B. tripartita which can be applied to bio-products development geared towards management of common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengul Uysal
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Asli Ugurlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cengiz Baloglu
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Celik Altunoglu
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luisa Custodio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Nuno R Neng
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Centre of Chemistry and Biochemistry/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Building C8, Floor 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José M F Nogueira
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Centre of Chemistry and Biochemistry/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Building C8, Floor 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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Custodio L, Figueira DN, Gloria EMD, Holder VB, Yiannikouris A, Pettigrew JE, Kuritza LN, Resende FDD, Siqueira GR. 038 Survey of mycotoxin contamination in feedlot diets in Brazil. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zengin G, Uysal A, Aktumsek A, Mocan A, Mollica A, Locatelli M, Custodio L, Neng NR, Nogueira JMF, Aumeeruddy-Elalfi Z, Mahomoodally MF. Euphorbia denticulata Lam.: A promising source of phyto-pharmaceuticals for the development of novel functional formulations. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 87:27-36. [PMID: 28040595 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Methanolic extracts of Euphorbia denticulata parts (flowers, leaf, stem, and mix of aerial parts) were assessed for a panoply of bioactivities. Inhibitory potential against key enzymes involved in diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase), obesity (pancreatic lipase), neurodegenerative diseases (cholinesterases), and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) was evaluated. The antioxidant and antibacterial properties were also assessed. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and phytochemical profile were established using HPLC/DAD and molecular modelling studies on specific target compounds were performed in silico. The flower extract was found to be rich in phenolics and flavonoids, (60.11±1.40mgGAE/g and 42.04±0.16mgRE/g respectively), which tend to correlate with the high radical scavenging activity of this extract (120.34±3.33mgTE/g and 165.42±2.16mgTE/g for DPPH and ABTS respectively). Catechin, epicatechin, gallic acid, p-OH-Benzoic acid, rosmarinic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate, found in significant abundance in the extracts were assessed using molecular modelling with the aim to study their docking properties on a set of six enzymes used in this study. The extracts were moderately effective with MIC values ranging between 1.56 to 6.25mg/ml, but potent growth inhibitors of MRSA strains. Results amassed herein can be used as a stimulus for further studies geared towards the development of novel phyto-pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Department of Medicinal Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Campus, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babes Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luisa Custodio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Nuno R Neng
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Centre of Chemistry and Biochemistry/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Building C8, Floor 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José M F Nogueira
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Centre of Chemistry and Biochemistry/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Building C8, Floor 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Mauritius
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Custodio L, Fernandes E, Escapa AL, Fajardo A, Aligue R, Albericio F, Neng NR, Nogueira JMF, Romano A. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of carob tree fruit pulps are strongly influenced by gender and cultivar. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:7005-12. [PMID: 21639092 DOI: 10.1021/jf200838f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from fruit pulps of six female cultivars and two hermaphrodite Portuguese carob trees [(Ceratonia siliqua L., Fabaceae)] exhibited strong antioxidant activity and were rich in phenolic compounds. The extracts decreased the viability of different human cancer cell lines on a dose- and time-dependent manner. Gender and cultivar significantly influenced the chemical content and the biological activities of the extracts. Extracts from hermaphrodite trees had a higher content of phenolic compounds, and exhibited higher antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Among females, cv. Aida had the highest radical scavenging activity and total content of phenolics, Mulata the highest capacity to inhibit lipid oxidation and Gasparinha the strongest cytotoxic activity on HeLa cells. The decrease in cell viability was associated with apoptosis on HeLa and MDA-MB-231 lines. (+)-Catechin and gallic acid (GA) were the main compounds identified in the extracts, and GA contributed to the antioxidant activity. Our results show that the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of carob tree fruit pulps are strongly influenced by gender and cultivar, and provide new knowledge about the advantages of hermaphrodite trees over female cultivars, namely, as a source of compounds with biological interest, which may represent an increase of their agronomic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Custodio
- University of Algarve , Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
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