1
|
Browning MJ. Specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency in chromosome 18p deletion syndrome and immunoglobulin A deficiency. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2010; 20:263-266. [PMID: 20635794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) A deficiency has long been recognized in patients with chromosome 18 abnormalities. We present the case of a young girl in whom a chromosome 18p deletion syndrome (46,XX,del[18][p11.1]) was associated not only with IgA deficiency, but also with an inability to make antibody to the unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, Pneumovax II, indicating a concomitant specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency. The patient suffered from recurrent upper respiratory tract and genitourinary infections, which were controlled by the use of prophylactic antibiotics. The association of specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency, IgA deficiency, and chromosome 18p deletion syndrome has not been described previously, and extends the immunological phenotype of antibody deficiencies associated with defects of chromosome 18. The presence of specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency should be investigated in patients with chromosome 18 abnormalities, as these patients may have a more severe spectrum of infections than patients with chromosome 18 abnormalities and selective IgA deficiency alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Department of Immunology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Payne D, Drinkwater S, Baretto R, Duddridge M, Browning MJ. Expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4, CXCR5 and CCR7 on B and T lymphocytes from patients with primary antibody deficiency. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 156:254-62. [PMID: 19250276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of chemokines and their receptors directs lymphocyte migration, and is involved in the distribution and organization of lymphocytes within lymphoid tissues. We reasoned that abnormal chemokine receptor expression might give rise to defects of lymphocyte migration into and within lymphoid tissues, and consequently be associated with defective antibody production in primary antibody deficiencies. In this study, we have investigated the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4, CXCR5 and CCR7 on lymphocyte subpopulations (naive and memory B cells; CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells) in a cohort of patients with primary antibody deficiency (n = 23), and compared these with a group of healthy controls (n = 19). We show that there were significant differences in both the proportions of lymphocytes expressing, and the levels of expression of, specific chemokine receptors on individual lymphocyte subpopulations between patients and controls. Furthermore, these changes appeared more pronounced in patients with more severe antibody deficiency. These data support the hypothesis that abnormal lymphocyte trafficking may be involved in the pathogenesis of primary antibody deficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Payne
- Department of Immunology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Teobald I, Dunnion DJ, Whitbread M, Curnow SJ, Browning MJ. Phenotypic and functional differentiation of KG-1 into dendritic-like cells. Immunobiology 2007; 213:75-86. [PMID: 18207029 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The cell line KG-1 has been used as an in vitro model for human dendritic cell (DC) differentiation. We have investigated the response of KG-1 cells to stimulation with a number of factors known to induce differentiation and/or maturation of DCs in vitro. KG-1 cells showed no differentiation in response to LPS, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide or CD40 ligation. Culture in the presence of TNF-alpha induced some differentiation, but only treatment with PMA and ionomycin (with or without prior culture in GM-CSF and IL-4) induced morphological and phenotypic changes consistent with DC-like maturation, and even these maximally differentiated KG-1 cells showed lower levels of surface marker expression, macromolecular endocytosis, and ability to stimulate in allogeneic MLR compared with in vitro monocyte-derived DCs. Our data show that KG-1 cells differentiate in vitro into cells with DC-like functional characteristics under the influence of strong inducers of cellular activation, but lack the potency of mature DCs in key aspects of professional antigen presenting cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Teobald
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cywinski AL, Dunnion DJ, Teobald I, Tucker VC, Browning MJ. Hybrid cells formed by fusion of Epstein - Barr virus-associated B-lymphoblastoid cells and either marrow-derived or solid tumour-derived cell lines display different co-stimulatory phenotypes and abilities to activate allogeneic T-cell responses in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 68:115-26. [PMID: 16866881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A panel of stable cell hybrids was generated by fusing a range of marrow-derived and solid tumour-derived human cell lines with the B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, HMy2 or KR4, and expression of immunologically relevant accessory and co-stimulatory molecules, and ability to stimulate allogeneic T-cell responses in vitro was investigated. Hybrid cell lines generated from three marrow-derived tumour cells consistently expressed both MHC class I and class II molecules, a range of accessory and T-cell co-stimulatory ligand molecules, including CD80 and CD86, and directly stimulated markedly enhanced T-cell proliferative responses in vitro, as compared with the parent tumour cell lines. The responses were blocked by addition of CTLA4-Ig fusion protein to the cultures, indicating a role of CD28/B7 interaction in induction of T-cell activation. By contrast, hybrid cells derived from three solid tumours only expressed MHC class II when the parent tumour cell line expressed MHC class II and consistently failed to express CD80 or CD86. These hybrid cells also stimulated greater T-cell proliferative responses in vitro than the parent tumour cell lines, although effective co-stimulation depended on the presence of responder non-T cells in the cultures. The expression of co-stimulatory ligand molecules and ability to directly stimulate strong allogeneic T-cell responses correlated with the EBV latency type of the hybrid cells. These data suggest that phenotypic and functional differences in fusion cells of professional antigen- presenting cells and tumour cells arise as a result of the parent tumour cell type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Cywinski
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brown JJ, Datta V, Browning MJ, Swift PGF. Graves' disease in DiGeorge syndrome: patient report with a review of endocrine autoimmunity associated with 22q11.2 deletion. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2004; 17:1575-9. [PMID: 15570997 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2004.17.11.1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
DiGeorge syndrome, which falls within a wider phenotypic spectrum associated with deletions of 22q11.2, is associated with a number of endocrine disorders. These include hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency. We report an unusual case of autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) presenting in a 3 year-old male with DiGeorge syndrome. The development of endocrine specific autoimmune disease in a syndrome associated with immune deficiency and the spectrum of endocrine autoimmunity associated with deletions of 22q11.2 are described. Paediatricians and patients with 22q11.2 deletions should be particularly aware of the risks of developing disorders of thyroid function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Brown
- Royal Children 's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Duddridge
- Department of Immunology, Leicester Royal Infirmary NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS We have used the erosion of telomeric DNA as a measure of cellular division to study the replicative history of isolated T-lymphocyte subpopulations from a group of HIV-infected long-term survivors and age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS In keeping with previous studies, we found that CD45RO+ (memory) T-cells showed greater telomere erosion than CD45RA+ (naive) T-cells. We did not, however, find any significant differences in the telomere lengths of isolated CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+ or CD45RO+ T-cells between HIV-infected long-term survivors and age-matched controls. Further, we found no evidence of telomerase activation in T-cells from the HIV-infected groups to account for the lack of telomere erosion. CONCLUSIONS Our data show no evidence, through telomere shortening, of clonal exhaustion or replicative senescence due to an increased rate of immune cell turnover in HIV-infected long-term survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tucker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
O'Byrne KJ, Dalgleish AG, Browning MJ, Steward WP, Harris AL. The relationship between angiogenesis and the immune response in carcinogenesis and the progression of malignant disease. Eur J Cancer 2000; 36:151-69. [PMID: 10741273 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(99)00241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that angiogenesis and suppressed cell-mediated immunity (CMI) play a central role in the pathogenesis of malignant disease facilitating tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. In the majority of tumours, the malignant process is preceded by a pathological condition or exposure to an irritant which itself is associated with the induction of angiogenesis and/or suppressed CMI. These include: cigarette smoking, chronic bronchitis and lung cancer; chronic oesophagitis and oesophageal cancer; chronic viral infections such as human papilloma virus and ano-genital cancers, chronic hepatitis B and C and hepatocellular carcinoma, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and lymphomas; chronic inflammatory conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer; asbestos exposure and mesothelioma and excessive sunlight exposure/sunburn and malignant melanoma. Chronic exposure to growth factors (insulin-like growth factor-I in acromegaly), mutations in tumour suppressor genes (TP53 in Li Fraumeni syndrome) and long-term exposure to immunosuppressive agents (cyclosporin A) may also give rise to similar environments and are associated with the development of a range of solid tumours. The increased blood supply would facilitate the development and proliferation of an abnormal clone or clones of cells arising as the result of: (a) an inherited genetic abnormality; and/or (b) acquired somatic mutations, the latter due to local production and/or enhanced delivery of carcinogens and mutagenic growth factors. With progressive detrimental mutations and growth-induced tumour hypoxia, the transformed cell, to a lesser or greater extent, may amplify the angiogenic process and CMI suppression, thereby facilitating further tumour growth and metastasis. There is accumulating evidence that long-term treatment with cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors (aspirin and indomethacin), cytokines such as interferon-alpha, anti-oestrogens (tamoxifen and raloxifene) and captopril significantly reduces the incidence of solid tumours such as breast and colorectal cancer. These agents are anti-angiogenic and, in the case of aspirin, indomethacin and interferon-alpha have proven immunomodulatory effects. Collectively these observations indicate that angiogenesis and suppressed CMI play a central role in the development and progression of malignant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K J O'Byrne
- University Department of Oncology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dunnion DJ, Cywinski AL, Tucker VC, Murray AK, Rickinson AB, Coulie P, Browning MJ. Human antigen-presenting cell/tumour cell hybrids stimulate strong allogeneic responses and present tumour-associated antigens to cytotoxic T cells in vitro. Immunology 1999; 98:541-50. [PMID: 10594686 PMCID: PMC2326964 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00912.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Most tumours do not stimulate effective antitumour immune responses in vivo. In order to enhance the immunogenicity of human tumour cells, we fused a variety of tumour cell lines with an Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell line (EBV B-LCL) in vitro, to produce stable hybrid cells. Hybrid cell lines showed a marked increase in their ability to stimulate primary allogeneic T-cell responses in vitro, as compared with the parent tumour cells. The hybrid cells induced proliferation of naive (CD45RA+) as well as memory (CD45RO+) T lymphocytes, and both CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations of T cells were directly stimulated. The stimulatory hybrids expressed human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II, and a wide range of surface accessory molecules, including the T-cell co-stimulatory ligand molecules CD40, CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2), the expression of which was required for optimal stimulation of T-cell responses. Fusion of the EBVB-LCL with a melanoma cell line (518.A2) yielded hybrid cells that expressed the melanoma-associated antigens MAGE-1 and MAGE-3, and presented these antigens to antigen-specific, HLA class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones with greater efficiency than the parent melanoma cell line. These findings suggest that the generation of human antigen-presenting cell/tumour cell hybrids offers promise as an approach to cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Dunnion
- Department of Microbiology, Leicester University, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jurkowitz MS, Litsky ML, Browning MJ, Hohl CM. Adenosine, inosine, and guanosine protect glial cells during glucose deprivation and mitochondrial inhibition: correlation between protection and ATP preservation. J Neurochem 1998; 71:535-48. [PMID: 9681443 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which adenosine, inosine, and guanosine delay cell death in glial cells (ROC-1) that are subjected to glucose deprivation and mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibition with amobarbital (GDMI). ROC-1 cells are hybrid cells formed by fusion of a rat oligodendrocyte and a rat C6 glioma cell. Under GDMI, ATP was depleted rapidly from ROC-1 cells, followed on a much larger time scale by a loss of cell viability. Restoration of ATP synthesis during this interlude between ATP depletion and cell death prevented further loss of viability. Moreover, the addition of adenosine, inosine, or guanosine immediately before the amobarbital retarded the decline in ATP and preserved cell viability. The protective effects on ATP and viability were dependent on nucleoside concentration between 50 and 1,500 microM. Furthermore, protection required nucleoside transport into the cell and the continued presence of nucleoside during GDMI. A significant positive correlation between ATP content at 16 min and cell viability at 350 min after the onset of GDMI was established (r = 0.98). Modest increases in cellular lactate levels were observed during GDMI (1.2 nmol/mg/min lactate produced); however, incubation with 1,500 microM inosine or guanosine increased lactate accumulation sixfold. The protective effects of inosine and guanosine on cell viability and ATP were >90% blocked after treatment with 50 microM BCX-34, a nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor. Accordingly, lactate levels also were lower in BCX-34-treated cells incubated with inosine or guanosine. We conclude that under GDMI, the ribose moiety of inosine and guanosine is converted to phosphorylated glycolytic intermediates via the pentose phosphate pathway, and its subsequent catabolism in glycolysis provides the ATP necessary for maintaining plasmalemmal integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Jurkowitz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Browning MJ, Healy MT, Samra GS. Surgical cricothyroidotomy for emergency airway control in pre-hospital trauma. Resuscitation 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(97)84255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
12
|
Browning MJ. The McCoy laryngoscope blade. Anaesthesia 1997; 52:185. [PMID: 9059118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Toshitani K, Braud V, Browning MJ, Murray N, McMichael AJ, Bodmer WF. Expression of a single-chain HLA class I molecule in a human cell line: presentation of exogenous peptide and processed antigen to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:236-40. [PMID: 8552612 PMCID: PMC40213 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.1.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized a recombinant gene encoding a single-chain HLA-A2/beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) molecule by linking beta 2m through its carboxyl terminus via a short peptide spacer to HLA-A2 (A*0201). This gene has been expressed in the beta 2m-deficient colorectal tumor cell line DLD-1. Transfection of this cell with the single-chain construct was associated with conformationally correct cell surface expression of a class I molecule of appropriate molecular mass. The single-chain HLA class I molecule presented either exogenously added peptide or (after interferon-gamma treatment) endogenously processed antigen to an influenza A matrix-specific, HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte line. The need for interferon gamma for the processing and presentation of endogenous antigen suggests that DLD-1 has an antigen-processing defect that can be up-regulated, a feature that may be found in other carcinomas. Our data indicate that single-chain HLA class I constructs can form functional class I molecules capable of presenting endogenously processed antigens. Such molecules should be of use for functional studies, as well as providing potential anticancer immunotherapeutic agents or vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Toshitani
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Immunology Laboratory, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bunce M, O'Neill CM, Barnardo MC, Krausa P, Browning MJ, Morris PJ, Welsh KI. Phototyping: comprehensive DNA typing for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5 & DQB1 by PCR with 144 primer mixes utilizing sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Tissue Antigens 1995; 46:355-67. [PMID: 8838344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1995.tb03127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 851] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a single DNA typing method which uses 144 sequence-specific primer (SSP) reactions to simultaneously detect all known HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5 and DQB1 specificities in an allele specific or group specific manner using the same method, reagents, PCR parameters and protocols for all loci. The results from this integrated class I & II method can be visualized on a single photographic or electronic image and hence is described as "Phototyping". Phototyping has an overall resolution greater than or equivalent to good serology and results can be obtained in under 3 hours making the method suitable for genotyping potential cadaver donor peripheral blood without serological backup. This in turn produces the potential for reducing cold ischaemia times in renal transplantation as well as the application of prospective matching to cardiac and liver transplantation. The method has capacity to detect new alleles, for example, novel amplification patterns suggestive of 4 new HLA-B alleles have been detected. The Phototyping set has been used as the sole method of HLA typing for over 1010 individuals. Phototyping is not problem-free; deviations from the standard protocol, poor quality DNA and unsuitable PCR machines can result in individual PCR failures or in incorrect assignment of antigens. Approximately 5% of genotypes were repeated (either partially or fully) because of incomplete or equivocal results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bunce
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Krausa P, Carcassi C, Orrù S, Bodmer JG, Browning MJ, Contu L. Defining the allelic variants of HLA-A30 in the Sardinian population using amplification refractory mutation system--polymerase chain reaction. Hum Immunol 1995; 44:35-42. [PMID: 8522453 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(95)00046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
HLA-A30 is present in the Sardinian population at a frequency of 23%. We have designed a system using nested ARMS-PCR to determine the relative frequencies of the HLA-A*30 allelic variants (A*3001, A*3002, and A*3003) within this population. The use of a nested PCR approach, in which the first-round reaction provides HLA-A*30 specificity and template DNA for the subsequent nested reactions, is a powerful means of discriminating between alleles of very similar sequence. Using this method, we performed subtyping of 35 serologically defined HLA-A30 Sardinian individuals, and taking into account homozygotes, identified 38 A*30 alleles. Of these, 33 typed as A*3002, four typed as A*3001, and one sample did not conform to the patterns of reactivity of any of the published A*30 alleles. Haplotype information showed strong linkage disequilibrium between A*3002 and B18. This study underlines the potential of DNA-based methods for typing HLA class I in terms of adding further levels of definition to studies of population structure and also as a means of identifying new alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- ICRF, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- ICRF Cancer Immunology Laboratory, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- D Barouch
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Browning MJ, Madrigal JA, Krausa P, Kowalski H, Allsopp CE, Little AM, Turner S, Adams EJ, Arnett KL, Bodmer WF. The HLA-A,B,C genotype of the class I negative cell line Daudi reveals novel HLA-A and -B alleles. Tissue Antigens 1995; 45:177-87. [PMID: 7761977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1995.tb02437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Daudi, a lymphoblastoid B cell line derived from an African Burkitt lymphoma does not express HLA-A,B,C antigens at the cell surface. Although HLA-A,B,C heavy chains are made normally they do not assemble into functional molecules because beta 2-microglobulin is absent. Previous serological analysis of somatic cell hybrids indicated that the HLA haplotypes of Daudi encoded HLA-A1, A10(A26), B17, and B16(38) antigens. Here we describe the application of molecular methods: ARMS-PCR, cDNA cloning and sequencing, immunoprecipitation and gel electrophoresis, to define the class I genotype of the Daudi cell line which is HLA-A*0102, A*6601, B*5801, B*5802, Cw*0302 and Cw*0602. With the exception of the B38 antigen, which is not a product of the alleles defined, the genotype is consistent with the serological description. Two previously undiscovered alleles emerged from this analysis: A*0102 and B*5802. The A*0102 allele differs from A*0101 by 5 nucleotide substitutions within exon 2 where it has a motif shared with A*30 alleles; the B*5802 allele differs from B*5801 by 3 substitutions in exon 3 where it has a motif shared with B*14 alleles. Subtyping HLA-A1 alleles showed A*0102 was well represented amongst individuals typed serologically as A1 in an African population but was absent from caucasoids. B*5802 has been found in a second individual. Thus the novel A and B alleles are not specific to the Daudi tumor. Overall, this analysis of a single East African cell illustrates the power of molecular methods to define new class I HLA alleles in non-caucasoid populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Cancer Immunology Laboratory, ICRF, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Krausa P, Barouch D, Bodmer JG, Hill AV, Mason C, McMichael AJ, Browning MJ. Characterization of a novel HLA-A2 variant, A*0214, by ARMS-PCR and DNA sequencing. Immunogenetics 1995; 41:50. [PMID: 7806276 DOI: 10.1007/bf00188434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Immunology Laboratory, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sadler AM, Petronzelli F, Krausa P, Marsh SG, Guttridge MG, Browning MJ, Bodmer JG. Low-resolution DNA typing for HLA-B using sequence-specific primers in allele- or group-specific ARMS/PCR. Tissue Antigens 1994; 44:148-54. [PMID: 7839346 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1994.tb02372.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The products of the human major histocompatibility complex (HLA Class I and II) have historically been detected using serological or cellular assays. With the availability of DNA sequence information for alleles of the HLA system, and with the development of molecular biological techniques it has become possible to tissue type for allelic differences in the HLA genes themselves. We describe here a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system, based on the principle of the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), for low-resolution DNA typing of the HLA-B gene. The technique involves a one-step PCR from genomic DNA using sequence-specific primers in particular combinations that determine the specificity of each reaction. A low-resolution primer panel has been designed, based on published HLA-B gene nucleotide sequences, consisting of 34 sequence-specific primers (SSP) in 24 PCR reactions which cover all known HLA-B alleles, to give allele-specific or group-specific amplification of DNA fragments of defined size (344-784bp). Advantages of the system are that it can be performed in under 4 hours including DNA extraction, results are easy to interpret and it does not require viable cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Sadler
- Tissue Antigen Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
As part of the Fourth Asia-Oceania Histocompatibility (4AOH) Workshop, the authors have demonstrated a method of DNA-based tissue typing of the HLA-A locus using ARMS-designed primers in a panel of specific PCR reactions. The study was carried out blind under Workshop conditions and the results confirm the method as an accurate means of determining HLA-A locus tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Institute of Molecular, Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Browning MJ, Krausa P, Rowan A, Hill AB, Bicknell DC, Bodmer JG, Bodmer WF. Loss of human leukocyte antigen expression on colorectal tumor cell lines: implications for anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1993; 14:163-8. [PMID: 8297898 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-199310000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A system devised for tissue typing the human leukocyte antigen-A (HLA-A) locus from genomic DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to investigate abnormalities of HLA expression in a panel of 30 cell lines derived from colorectal adenocarcinomas, by comparison of the HLA-A locus genotype with surface expression of HLA. Eleven cell lines gave single HLA-A locus specificity on PCR typing, suggesting that loss of HLA alleles is a common abnormality. In one of these cell lines the loss of an HLA-A locus allele was confirmed by comparison with DNA from a lymphoblastoid B cell line derived from the same patient. In three cell lines, loss of expression of an HLA-A locus determinant was observed in spite of the presence of the relevant allele in genomic DNA. Three cell lines showed absent HLA expression associated with failure to express beta 2-microglobulin. These data indicate that at least three independent mechanisms were involved in the loss of HLA expression on the colorectal tumor cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- ICRF, Cancer Immunology Laboratory, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bodmer WF, Browning MJ, Krausa P, Rowan A, Bicknell DC, Bodmer JG. Tumor escape from immune response by variation in HLA expression and other mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993; 690:42-9. [PMID: 8368769 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb43994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W F Bodmer
- ICRF Cancer Genetics Laboratory, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
We describe sequence-specific primer (SSP) combinations for use in a one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) typing system to determine HLA-A locus subtypes of A9 (A23, A24), A10 (A25, A26, A43), A28 (A*6801, A*6802, A*6901) and A19 (A*2901, A*2902, A*3001, A*3002, A31, A32, A33) from genomic DNA. SSP's were designed on the basis of the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) in which a mismatch at the 3' residue inhibits non-specific amplification. The SSP combinations described extend our low-resolution typing system, to provide a high-definition typing of the HLA-A locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Krausa
- Cancer Immunology Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Browning MJ, Krausa P, Rowan A, Bicknell DC, Bodmer JG, Bodmer WF. Tissue typing the HLA-A locus from genomic DNA by sequence-specific PCR: comparison of HLA genotype and surface expression on colorectal tumor cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:2842-5. [PMID: 8464898 PMCID: PMC46192 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.7.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A system devised for tissue typing the HLA-A locus by PCR from genomic DNA has been used to investigate abnormalities of HLA expression in a panel of 30 colorectal tumor cell lines, by comparing the HLA-A locus genotype with surface expression of HLA. Three cell lines showed complete lack of HLA expression associated with failure to express beta 2-microglobulin. In two other cell lines, loss of expression of HLA-A2 was observed, in spite of the presence of the gene in genomic DNA. Eleven cell lines gave a single HLA-A locus specificity on PCR typing. In one of these cell lines we have demonstrated the loss of an HLA-A locus gene in the tumor cell by comparison with DNA from a lymphoblastoid B-cell line derived from the same patient. These data indicate that at least three independent mechanisms were involved in the loss of HLA expression on the colorectal tumor cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Beatty JA, Reid G, Rigby MA, Neil JC, Jarrett O, Browning MJ. A recombinant feline immunodeficiency virus envelope fusion protein stimulates peripheral blood lymphocytes from naive cats to proliferate in vitro. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1992; 35:143-53. [PMID: 1337393 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2427(92)90127-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A region of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)/Glasgow-8 external envelope glycoprotein (env) incorporating the third and fourth variable regions (V3/V4) was cloned, inserted into the pGEX vector and expressed in Escherichia coli to yield milligram quantities of the recombinant polypeptide as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase. The fusion protein V3/V4GST was used in lymphocyte proliferation assays, where it consistently caused peripheral blood lymphocytes from naive cats to proliferate in a dose-dependent manner. Other FIV fusion proteins produced under identical conditions (V5GST and p24GST) and glutathione S-transferase alone did not cause proliferation in this system. The monoclonal antibody vpg15, which has been shown to block infection of susceptible cells in vitro, did not decrease the response to V3/V4GST. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes did not proliferate in response to V3/V4GST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Beatty
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Evidence for a direct involvement of cell-mediated immune mechanisms in the control of human tumours remains sketchy. The past year, however, has seen advances in our understanding of the relationship between the immune system and tumour cells, and has given rise to new prospects for immunological treatment and the prevention of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Browning MJ, Huneycutt BS, Huang AS, Reiss CS. Replication-defective viruses modulate immune responses. J Immunol 1991; 147:2685-91. [PMID: 1655896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
By immunizing inbred mice with purified replication-competent, defective virus particles, or an admixture of the two, differential effects on the cellular immune system have been uncovered. Defective virus, exemplified by the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) defective interfering particle (DI 0.33), induced in BALB/c mice low levels of proliferating, IL-2 secreting, and cytolytic Ag-specific T lymphocytes. This was not caused by a dominant suppressor cell response, or by a failure to stimulate lymphokine-secreting cells, but appeared to reflect a reduced efficiency of priming as compared with standard virus. Mice primed with a mixture of wt and DI virus showed reduced proliferation compared with mice primed with wt virus. When histocompatible target cells were sensitized by pure DI particles, they were neither recognized nor lysed by CD8+ CTL. Cells co-infected with wt and DI particles were not as readily lysed by CD8+ CTL as cells infected by VSV alone. The extent of this reduction was dependent on the concentration of DI particles. This suggests that DI particles may have prevented the proper presentation of endogenously synthesized Ag for recognition by CD8+ CTL. Metabolic labeling studies indicated that the presence of DI particles suppressed the synthesis of viral proteins in dually infected cells. However, CD4+ T lymphocyte clones recognized and efficiently lysed histocompatible Ia+ cells infected with DI particles alone or co-infected with replication-competent and defective virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Browning MJ, Huneycutt BS, Huang AS, Reiss CS. Replication-defective viruses modulate immune responses. The Journal of Immunology 1991. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.147.8.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
By immunizing inbred mice with purified replication-competent, defective virus particles, or an admixture of the two, differential effects on the cellular immune system have been uncovered. Defective virus, exemplified by the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) defective interfering particle (DI 0.33), induced in BALB/c mice low levels of proliferating, IL-2 secreting, and cytolytic Ag-specific T lymphocytes. This was not caused by a dominant suppressor cell response, or by a failure to stimulate lymphokine-secreting cells, but appeared to reflect a reduced efficiency of priming as compared with standard virus. Mice primed with a mixture of wt and DI virus showed reduced proliferation compared with mice primed with wt virus. When histocompatible target cells were sensitized by pure DI particles, they were neither recognized nor lysed by CD8+ CTL. Cells co-infected with wt and DI particles were not as readily lysed by CD8+ CTL as cells infected by VSV alone. The extent of this reduction was dependent on the concentration of DI particles. This suggests that DI particles may have prevented the proper presentation of endogenously synthesized Ag for recognition by CD8+ CTL. Metabolic labeling studies indicated that the presence of DI particles suppressed the synthesis of viral proteins in dually infected cells. However, CD4+ T lymphocyte clones recognized and efficiently lysed histocompatible Ia+ cells infected with DI particles alone or co-infected with replication-competent and defective virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - B S Huneycutt
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A S Huang
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - C S Reiss
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Browning MJ, Huang AS, Reiss CS. Cytolytic T lymphocytes from the BALB/c-H-2dm2 mouse recognize the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and are restricted by class II MHC antigens. J Immunol 1990; 145:985-94. [PMID: 1695651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BALB/c-H-2dm2 mice (H-2KdI-AdI-EdDd), a congenic strain of BALB/c mice, have a deletion of the class I MHC Ag, H-2Ld. This gene encodes the exclusive class I MHC-restricting gene product for vesicular stomatitis virus-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes. When dm2 mice were immunized with infectious vesicular stomatitis virus, a specific CTL response was generated. These CTL lysed VSV-infected targets that expressed Iad gene products, but not VSV-infected Iad- targets. The CTL were used initially as long term cytolytic lines; 13 CTL clones were derived by limit dilution. All of the clones expressed the phenotype CD3+, CD4+, CD8-; some clones expressed TCR that are members of the V beta 8 family, others did not. The clones were restricted by class II MHC Ag, both I-Ad and I-Ed serving as restricting elements for individual clones of the panel. All of the clones derived from dm2 mice were specific for the immunizing serotype, Indiana, of VSV and did not lyse syngeneic cells infected with VSV of the New Jersey serotype. Studies using defective interfering virus particles, UV light-inactivated virus, and purified micelles of the viral glycoprotein indicated that infectious virus was not required for sensitization of target cells for immune recognition by the class II MHC-restricted CTL clones. Additional studies using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors to sensitize targets confirmed the specificity of the clones for the viral glycoprotein. These studies also demonstrated a cryptic population of class II-restricted CTL in BALB/c lines specific for VSV G. Naturally occurring variant viruses and mutant viruses, selected for escape from neutralization by mAb, were used in an effort to map the determinant(s) recognized; on the basis of patterns of target cell lysis, three groups of epitopes recognized by the clones were defined. Therefore, in the absence of the class I MHC Ag required for a CTL response to VSV, dm2 mice generated CTL with the CD4+ phenotype that recognized different epitopes on the viral glycoprotein, and lysed cells in a class II-MHC restricted, Ag-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Browning MJ, Huang AS, Reiss CS. Cytolytic T lymphocytes from the BALB/c-H-2dm2 mouse recognize the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and are restricted by class II MHC antigens. The Journal of Immunology 1990. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.145.3.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
BALB/c-H-2dm2 mice (H-2KdI-AdI-EdDd), a congenic strain of BALB/c mice, have a deletion of the class I MHC Ag, H-2Ld. This gene encodes the exclusive class I MHC-restricting gene product for vesicular stomatitis virus-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes. When dm2 mice were immunized with infectious vesicular stomatitis virus, a specific CTL response was generated. These CTL lysed VSV-infected targets that expressed Iad gene products, but not VSV-infected Iad- targets. The CTL were used initially as long term cytolytic lines; 13 CTL clones were derived by limit dilution. All of the clones expressed the phenotype CD3+, CD4+, CD8-; some clones expressed TCR that are members of the V beta 8 family, others did not. The clones were restricted by class II MHC Ag, both I-Ad and I-Ed serving as restricting elements for individual clones of the panel. All of the clones derived from dm2 mice were specific for the immunizing serotype, Indiana, of VSV and did not lyse syngeneic cells infected with VSV of the New Jersey serotype. Studies using defective interfering virus particles, UV light-inactivated virus, and purified micelles of the viral glycoprotein indicated that infectious virus was not required for sensitization of target cells for immune recognition by the class II MHC-restricted CTL clones. Additional studies using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors to sensitize targets confirmed the specificity of the clones for the viral glycoprotein. These studies also demonstrated a cryptic population of class II-restricted CTL in BALB/c lines specific for VSV G. Naturally occurring variant viruses and mutant viruses, selected for escape from neutralization by mAb, were used in an effort to map the determinant(s) recognized; on the basis of patterns of target cell lysis, three groups of epitopes recognized by the clones were defined. Therefore, in the absence of the class I MHC Ag required for a CTL response to VSV, dm2 mice generated CTL with the CD4+ phenotype that recognized different epitopes on the viral glycoprotein, and lysed cells in a class II-MHC restricted, Ag-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Browning
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - A S Huang
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - C S Reiss
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
A six-month-old British female, living in Glasgow was admitted in June 1986 with a four-day history of fever and lower limb weakness following immunisation with oral polio and triple (DTP) vaccines. Examination revealed paralysis of all limbs, facial muscles and right diaphragm, scoliosis, opsoclonus and ocular flutter. Poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3, isolated from her stool specimens were all vaccine-like strains. Her serial serum IgA levels were persistently low and salivary IgA was undetectable. This appears to be the first fully authenticated case of poliovaccine damage in Scotland. It is unclear whether the selective IgA deficiency contributed to her vulnerability. It is essential to investigate elaborately and process viral isolates in every suspected case of acute poliomyelitis so as to determine the dimension and ramifications of poliovaccine damage in the UK population which is known to be rather apprehensive about vaccine dangers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Asindi
- Fraser of Allander Unit (Paediatric Neurology), Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lamont AG, Mowat AM, Browning MJ, Parrott DM. Genetic control of oral tolerance to ovalbumin in mice. Immunology 1988; 63:737-9. [PMID: 3366474 PMCID: PMC1454808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the genetic basis of oral tolerance to OVA in a number of inbred mouse strains. Our results emphasise the efficiency of the oral route for inducing tolerance and provide evidence for both MHC and non-MHC linked control of oral tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Lamont
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Browning MJ, Holt HA, White LO, Chapman ST, Banks RA, Reeves DS, Yates RA. Pharmacokinetics of cefotetan in patients with end-stage renal failure on maintenance dialysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1986; 18:103-6. [PMID: 3463556 DOI: 10.1093/jac/18.1.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous dose of cefotetan were studied in 17 volunteer patients with end-stage renal failure, requiring intermittent haemodialysis in 12 cases or undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in 5 cases. Between haemodialysis the mean plasma elimination half life was 20.4 h (S.E.M. +/- 2.1). This decreased to 7.5 h (S.E.M. +/- 0.6) during haemodialysis. In patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis the mean plasma elimination half life was 15.5 h (S.E.M. +/- 1.9). Small amounts of cefotetan (5-9% of the administered dose) were recovered in the peritoneal dialysates removed over the 24 h following the dose.
Collapse
|
38
|
Webb DB, Banks RA, Browning MJ, Luzio SD, Winning RC. A comparison of the uptake of human and porcine insulins given intraperitoneally to patients with diabetes mellitus on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diabetes Res 1986; 3:103-6. [PMID: 3516521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal absorption of human insulin (crb) and porcine insulin was examined in 9 diabetic patients with renal failure, and on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). Serial blood sampling was performed to determine the characteristics of insulin absorption and glycaemic control. Four patients received successive equal doses of human and porcine insulins, 2 received different doses and 3 received human insulin only. Glycaemic control was similar after both insulins. Mean insulin levels were consistently higher after human insulin with significant differences at 90, 300 and 360 min. It is concluded that, if required, patients may be transferred from i.p. purified porcine to i.p. human insulin without a change in insulin dose.
Collapse
|
39
|
Banks RA, Browning MJ, Harrison P, Mackenzie JC. CAPD in end-stage renal amyloidosis. J R Soc Med 1984; 77:1064-5. [PMID: 6512815 PMCID: PMC1440164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
|
40
|
Browning MJ, Banks RA, Harrison P, Tribe CR, Fraley CT, Zachary G, Mackenzie C. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in systemic amyloidosis and end-stage renal disease. J R Soc Med 1984; 77:189-92. [PMID: 6699861 PMCID: PMC1439866 DOI: 10.1177/014107688407700306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Three patients with end-stage renal failure complicating systemic amyloidosis have been treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for periods of 10, 14 and 18 months respectively. In each case satisfactory control of uraemia and fluid balance has been achieved.
Collapse
|
41
|
Browning MJ, Herbert WJ, White RG. Feline miliary eczema: megestrol acetate does not suppress immune responses. Res Vet Sci 1983; 35:245-6. [PMID: 6415771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Megestrol acetate was found to have no influence on immunological skin and corneal reactivity nor on antibody responses in guinea pigs. Its curative effect in feline miliary eczema is probably not, therefore, the result of interference with the immune response.
Collapse
|