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Sugianto R, Toh JY, Wong SF, Tint MT, Colega MT, Lee YS, Yap F, Shek LPC, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Chong YS, Tai BC, Chong MFF. Dietary patterns of 5-year-old children and their correlates: findings from a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:763-772. [PMID: 33910654 PMCID: PMC7612427 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is limited data on the dietary patterns of 5-year-old children in Asia. The study examined childhood dietary patterns and their maternal and child correlates in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Based on caregiver-reported 1-month quantitative FFQ of 777 children from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort, cluster analysis identified two mutually exclusive clusters. Children in the 'Unhealthy' cluster (43·9 %) consumed more fries, processed meat, biscuits and ice cream, and less fish, fruits and vegetables compared with those in the 'Healthy' cluster (56·1 %). Children with mothers of lower educational attainment had twice the odds of being assigned to the 'Unhealthy' cluster (adjusted OR (95 % CI) = 2·19 (95 % CI 1·49-3·24)). Children of Malay and Indian ethnicities had higher odds of being assigned to the 'Unhealthy' cluster (adjusted OR = 25·46 (95 % CI 15·40, 42·10) and 4·03 (95 % CI 2·68-6·06), respectively), relative to Chinese ethnicity. In conclusion, this study identified two dietary patterns in children, labelled as the 'Unhealthy' and 'Healthy' clusters. Mothers' educational attainment and ethnicity were two correlates that were associated with the children's assignments to the clusters. These findings can assist in informing health promotion programmes targeted at Asian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sugianto
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - JY Toh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - SF Wong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MT Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MT Colega
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - YS Lee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - LPC Shek
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - KH Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - KM Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - YS Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - BC Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MFF Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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2
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Malhotra R, Huq SS, Chong M, Murphy D, Daruwalla ZJ. Outcomes in Nonagenarians with Hip Fractures Treated Conservatively and Surgically. Malays Orthop J 2021; 15:21-28. [PMID: 34966491 PMCID: PMC8667238 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2111.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes in nonagenarians following a hip fracture. We also further investigated the factors that influence these outcomes, such as method of treatment (operative versus conservative), co-morbidities, and pre-morbid function. Materials and methods We studied 65 nonagenarians that were identifiable from our hospital hip fracture database. We reviewed various parameters of these patients admitted after sustaining a hip fracture (neck of femur or intertrochanteric) and investigated how these parameters affected patient outcomes. The main outcomes studied were: inpatient morbidity, and mortality at one year. Results Inpatient morbidity was more likely in patients with an ASA grade of 3 to 5. Urinary tract infection was the most common medical complication. The 1-year mortality was 15.4% and was significantly influenced by advancing age. Surgically managed patients had a 1-year mortality rate (14.3%) slightly less than non-operative patients (17.4%). Post injury mobility was significantly better in those who received operative treatment with 63% of surgical cases regaining ambulatory status versus 7% of conservatively managed patients. Conclusions We presented the outcomes of hip fractures in an extreme age group in the population. In nonagenarians with hip fractures surgery was associated with a 1-year mortality rate of 14.3% which is comparable to the general hip fracture population and less than the mortality rate of conservatively managed patients (17.4%). The primary advantage of surgery would be that two-thirds of patients return to ambulatory status. This information is useful to counsel patients and their families especially since the elderly are often more fearful of surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Malhotra
- Department of Orthopaedics, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - S S Huq
- Department of Orthopaedics, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Chong
- Department of Orthopaedics, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Murphy
- Department of Orthopaedics, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Z J Daruwalla
- Department of Orthopaedics, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Yao T, Wang Y, Shi Z, Chong M, Liu Y, Lin Z. 878P A novel methodology in producing clinical scaled tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes across multiple gynecological tumours. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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4
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Mohammadi-Shemirani P, Chong M, Sjaarda J, Hess S, Gerstein HC, Pare G. P6345Effect of free testosterone levels on cardiovascular outcomes: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Chong
- McMaster University, Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - J Sjaarda
- McMaster University, Medical Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S Hess
- Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - H C Gerstein
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - G Pare
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
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5
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Alavi M, Janjua NZ, Chong M, Grebely J, Aspinall EJ, Innes H, Valerio H, Hajarizadeh B, Hayes PC, Krajden M, Amin J, Law MG, George J, Goldberg DJ, Hutchinson SJ, Dore GJ. Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and survival among people with hepatitis C: An international study. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:473-481. [PMID: 29194861 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates trends in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and survival in three settings, prior to introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies. HCV notifications from British Columbia (BC), Canada; New South Wales (NSW), Australia; and Scotland (1995-2011/2012/2013, respectively) were linked to HCC diagnosis data via hospital admissions (2001-2012/2013/2014, respectively) and mortality (1995-2013/2014/2015, respectively). Age-standardized HCC incidence rates were evaluated, associated factors were assessed using Cox regression, and median survival time after HCC diagnosis was calculated. Among 58 487, 84 529 and 31 924 people with HCV in BC, NSW and Scotland, 734 (1.3%), 1045 (1.2%) and 345 (1.1%) had an HCC diagnosis. Since mid-2000s, HCC diagnosis numbers increased in all jurisdictions. Age-standardized HCC incidence rates remained stable in BC and Scotland and increased in NSW. The strongest predictor of HCC diagnosis was older age [birth <1945, aHR in BC 5.74, 95% CI 4.84, 6.82; NSW 9.26, 95% CI 7.93, 10.82; Scotland 12.55, 95% CI 9.19, 17.15]. Median survival after HCC diagnosis remained stable in BC (0.8 years in 2001-2006 and 2007-2011) and NSW (0.9 years in 2001-2006 and 2007-2013) and improved in Scotland (0.7 years in 2001-2006 to 1.5 years in 2007-2014). Across the settings, HCC burden increased, individual-level risk of HCC remained stable or increased, and HCC survival remained extremely low. These findings highlight the minimal impact of HCC prevention and management strategies during the interferon-based HCV treatment era and form the basis for evaluating the impact of DAA therapy in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alavi
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - N Z Janjua
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Chong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Grebely
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - E J Aspinall
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - H Innes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - H Valerio
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - B Hajarizadeh
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P C Hayes
- Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Krajden
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Amin
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M G Law
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D J Goldberg
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - S J Hutchinson
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Health Protection Scotland, National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - G J Dore
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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6
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Janjua NZ, Islam N, Wong J, Yoshida EM, Ramji A, Samji H, Butt Z, Chong M, Alvarez M, Cook D, Tyndall M, Krajden M. A162 SHIFT IN DISPARITIES IN HCV TREATMENT FROM INTERFERON TO DAA ERA: A POPULATION BASED COHORT STUDY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Z Janjua
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N Islam
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Wong
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E M Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Ramji
- Gastrointestinal Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H Samji
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Z Butt
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Chong
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Alvarez
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D Cook
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Tyndall
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Krajden
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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7
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Janjua NZ, Islam N, Wong J, Yoshida EM, Ramji A, Samji H, Butt ZA, Chong M, Cook D, Alvarez M, Darvishian M, Tyndall M, Krajden M. Shift in disparities in hepatitis C treatment from interferon to DAA era: A population-based cohort study. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:624-630. [PMID: 28130810 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the shift in the characteristics of people who received interferon-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments and those who received recently introduced direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort includes 1.5 million individuals tested for HCV or HIV, or reported cases of hepatitis B and active tuberculosis in BC from 1990 to 2013 linked to medical visits, hospitalization, cancer, prescription drugs and mortality data. This analysis included all patients who filled at least one prescription for HCV treatment until 31 July 2015. HCV treatments were classified as older interferon-based treatments including pegylated interferon/ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) with/without boceprevir or telaprevir, DAAs with RBV or PegIFN/RBV, and newer interferon-free DAAs. Of 11 886 people treated for HCV between 2000 and 2015, 1164 (9.8%) received interferon-free DAAs (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir: n=1075; 92.4%), while 452 (3.8%) received a combination of DAAs and RBV or PegIFN/RBV. Compared to those receiving interferon-based treatment, people with HIV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.96, 95% CI: 2.31-3.81), cirrhosis (aOR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.45-2.15), decompensated cirrhosis (aOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.31-2.28), diabetes (aOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10-1.54), a history of injection drug use (aOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.09-1.65) and opioid substitution therapy (aOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.67) were more likely to receive interferon-free DAAs. Socio-economically marginalized individuals were significantly less likely (most deprived vs most privileged: aOR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58-0.87) to receive DAAs. In conclusion, there is a shift in prescription of new HCV treatments to previously excluded groups (eg HIV-co-infected), although gaps remain for the socio-economically marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Z Janjua
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N Islam
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Wong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E M Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Ramji
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H Samji
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Z A Butt
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Chong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D Cook
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Alvarez
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Darvishian
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Tyndall
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Krajden
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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8
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Yeo A, Chong M, Tay L, Yew S, Tan C, Ismail N, Lim W. TRENDS AND PREDICTORS OF 2-YEAR ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Yeo
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - M. Chong
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
- Geriatric and Education Research Institute, MOH, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - L. Tay
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
- Sengkang health, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - S.P. Yew
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - C. Tan
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - N. Ismail
- Continuing and Community Care, TTSH, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - W. Lim
- Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Yew S, Lim W, Chong M, Yeo A, Tan C, Ismail N, Tay L. LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS; SARCOPENIA PROGRESSION IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S.P. Yew
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - W. Lim
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
- Geriatric Medicine, TTSH, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - M. Chong
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
- Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - A. Yeo
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - C. Tan
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - N. Ismail
- Continuing and Community Care, TTSH, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L. Tay
- IGA, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,
- Sengkang Health, Singapore, Singapore,
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10
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Islam N, Krajden M, Gilbert M, Gustafson P, Yu A, Kuo M, Chong M, Alvarez M, Wong J, Tyndall MW, Janjua NZ. Role of primary T-cell immunodeficiency and hepatitis B coinfection on spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C: The BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:421-429. [PMID: 27885757 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
T-cell host immune response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been suggested to play an important role in determining HCV infection outcome. However, data from human studies are not available. This study examined the effect of primary T-cell deficiency along with other factors on the spontaneous clearance of HCV in a large population-based cohort in British Columbia, Canada. The BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort includes all individuals tested for HCV in BC in 1990-2013 linked with data on their medical visits, hospitalizations and prescription drugs. HCV-positive individuals with at least one valid HCV PCR test on/after HCV diagnosis (n=46 783) were included in this study. To examine factors associated with the spontaneous clearance of HCV, multivariable logistic regression was fitted on the full sample, and Cox proportional hazards model on the HCV seroconverters. Spontaneous clearance was observed in 25.1% (n=11 737) of those tested for HCV. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds of spontaneous clearance of HCV was lower in people with primary T-cell immunodeficiency (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.94), and higher in females (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.54-1.68) and in those coinfected with HBV (aOR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.93-2.77). Similar results were observed in HCV seroconverters except HBV coinfection was not significant. In conclusion, primary T-cell immunodeficiency is associated with a lower spontaneous clearance of HCV while female sex and coinfection with HBV are associated with a higher spontaneous clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Islam
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Krajden
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Gilbert
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Ontario HIV Treatment Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Gustafson
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Yu
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Kuo
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Chong
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Alvarez
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Wong
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M W Tyndall
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N Z Janjua
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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11
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Badin MS, Iyer JK, Chong M, Graf L, Rivard GE, Waye JS, Paterson AD, Pare G, Hayward CPM. Molecular phenotype and bleeding risks of an inherited platelet disorder in a family with a RUNX1
frameshift mutation. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e204-e213. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Badin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - J. K. Iyer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - M. Chong
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - L. Graf
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - G. E. Rivard
- Hematology/Oncology; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Montreal QC Canada
| | - J. S. Waye
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - A. D. Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology; The Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto ON Canada
- The Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Institute of Medical Sciences; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - G. Pare
- Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program; Hamilton ON Canada
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12
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Lau L, Adaikan P, Siddiquee A, Baharudin B, Chong M, Chan J, Teoh S. 136 Human Cord Blood Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Induce Significant Recovery of Severe Erectile Dysfunction in Obese Type II Diabetic Rats. J Sex Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Homenauth E, Ghiasi M, Feldman L, Arrouf N, Mallya S, Lacombe J, Pichika SC, Zhao K, Aibibula W, Krishnan R, Kajeguka D, Kaaya R, Protopopoff N, Mosha F, Desrochers R, Watts A, Kulkarni M, Saravu K, Nair S, Mukhopadhyay C, George LS, Pai M, Jiang H, Brown P, Blais L, Lefebvre G, Samoilenko M, Kulkarni M, Jolly A, Roy-Gagnon MH, Sander B, Gauvreau CL, Memon S, Popadiuk C, Flanagan WM, Nadeau C, Coldman AJ, Wolfson MC, Miller AB, Acar E, Cox J, Hamelin AM, McLinden T, Klein MB, Brassard P, Chong M, Martin J. The Canadian Society for Epidemiology and Biostatistics 2016 National Student Conference001INVESTIGATING ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF MALARIA VECTOR DISTRIBUTION IN RURAL TANZANIA “A MULTI-SCALAR INVESTIGATION”002PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AMONG HEALTHCARE TRAINEES IN SOUTH INDIA003SPATIAL MODELLING OF LUNG AND THYROID CANCERS IN UNITED STATES COUNTIES004A MEDIATION ANALYSIS TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS (ICSS) DURING PREGNANCY ON BIRTHWEIGHT005MODELLING HUMAN RISK OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN ONTARIO, 2002-2013: INCORPORATING SURVEILLANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA006EXPLORING THE HEALTH OUTCOMES OF VARIOUS PAN-CANADIAN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS USING MICROSIMULATION MODELING007INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNA AND GENE EXPRESSION DATA USING SPARSE CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS008CONDITIONAL DEPENDENCE MODELS UNDER COVARIATE MEASUREMENT ERROR009ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FOOD INSECURITY AND HIV VIRAL SUPPRESSION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS010ANTIBIOTICS VERSUS APPENDECTOMY FOR UNCOMPLICATED APPENDICITIS: A GLOBAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVE. Am J Epidemiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chong M, Cartledge J, Waters LJ. Significant benefit of a targeted HIV testing module on medical students' knowledge and confidence. Int J STD AIDS 2015; 27:1326-1329. [PMID: 26568252 DOI: 10.1177/0956462415618111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a HIV targeted-testing teaching session in improving knowledge and confidence at a London medical school. A survey assessing knowledge of HIV testing guidelines, confidence to offer testing and outcomes of targeted-testing teaching was developed and distributed to fifth year medical students. Results were compared for students who had completed GU/HIV modules (GU+) and those who had not (GU-) and chi-squared testing was performed; 100 and 119 questionnaires were returned by GU+ and GU- students (response rate of 92.6% and 97.5%), respectively. For the three knowledge-based questions, GU+ students were significantly more likely to provide correct answers for two (p < 0.001). Similarly, they were significantly more likely to feel confident in offering an HIV test (p < 0.001). After targeted-testing teaching 92%, 98% and 62% felt more confident about when to test, how to discuss testing and more knowledgeable about testing, respectively. Most students were happy to offer HIV testing in different medical settings; significantly fewer reported this for an acute admissions unit compared with antenatal clinic (79% vs 96%). Students who had received targeted-testing teaching demonstrated better knowledge and confidence about HIV testing. We hope this study raises awareness of the need to include HIV testing teaching in medical school curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chong
- University College London, London, UK
| | - J Cartledge
- Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation
| | - L J Waters
- Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation
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Lliteras ER, Chong M, Andries S, Merckx E, Jorssen EPA, Leroy JLMR, Bols PEJ. 84 THE EFFECT OF β-MERCAPTOETHANOL ON CLEAVAGE RATES, DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE AND QUALITY OF IN VITRO PRODUCED BOVINE EMBRYOS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv26n1ab84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of excessive levels of reactive oxygen species can be a major problem during in vitro embryo culture. Although studies have shown that supplementation with exogenous antioxidants can improve embryo quality, the results are controversial among researchers. In this study, we examined the effects of different concentrations of β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) added to the culture media, on cleavage rates, the quality and developmental competence of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. The embryos were produced in vitro as described previously (Van Hoeck et al., 2013). Briefly, in total, 753 grade I cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) from 2- to 6-mm-diameter follicles were matured in groups of 50 in 500 μL of TCM with 20 ng mL–1 EGF for 24 h, fertilized in groups of 100 in 500 μL of fertilization medium for 20 h (5% CO2, 38.5°C). Presumptive zygotes were denuded and randomly assigned to 4 treatments with different concentrations of β-ME: 0 μM (control), 50 μM, 100 μM, and 150 μM. They were cultured in groups of ±25 in 50 μL of SOF supplemented with ITS (10 μg mL–1 insulin; 5.5 μg mL–1 transferrin; 6.7 ng mL–1 selenium) and 2% BSA and covered with mineral oil (5% O2, 5% CO2, 38.5°C). At 48 h post-insemination (p.i.), cleavage rate was evaluated and expressed as the number of cleaved embryos on total number of oocytes. At Day 7 p.i., blastocyst rate was determined (number of blastocysts on total number of oocytes), blastocysts were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, and total cell number was determined by DAPI staining. Data were analysed by ANOVA and post hoc test. Comparable cleavage rates were obtained in treated groups: control (80.8%), 50 μM (77.7%), 100 μM (77.9%), and 150 μM (73.6%; P > 0.05). Also, no significant effect of treatment could be found on blastocyst rates: control (36%), 50 μM (36.5%), 100 μM (38.4%), and 150 μM (30.4%). The total cell number per blastocyst increased significantly (P < 0.05) using 100 μM of β-ME compared with the controls (158.0 ± 24.3 v. 123.2 ± 9.72, respectively). These results suggest that the inclusion of 100 μM β-ME during in vitro embryo culture could be used for production of high quality bovine blastocysts.
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Zhao H, Watts HR, Chong M, Huang H, Tralau-Stewart C, Maxwell PH, Maze M, George AJT, Ma D. Xenon treatment protects against cold ischemia associated delayed graft function and prolongs graft survival in rats. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:2006-18. [PMID: 23710625 PMCID: PMC3884761 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged hypothermic storage causes ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in the renal graft, which is considered to contribute to the occurrence of the delayed graft function (DGF) and chronic graft failure. Strategies are required to protect the graft and to prolong renal graft survival. We demonstrated that xenon exposure to human proximal tubular cells (HK-2) led to activation of range of protective proteins. Xenon treatment prior to or after hypothermia-hypoxia challenge stabilized the HK-2 cellular structure, diminished cytoplasmic translocation of high-mobility group box (HMGB) 1 and suppressed NF-κB activation. In the syngeneic Lewis-to-Lewis rat model of kidney transplantation, xenon exposure to donors before graft retrieval or to recipients after engraftment decreased caspase-3 expression, localized HMGB-1 within nuclei and prevented TLR-4/NF-κB activation in tubular cells; serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced and renal function was preserved. Xenon treatment of graft donors or of recipients prolonged renal graft survival following IRI in both Lewis-to-Lewis isografts and Fischer-to-Lewis allografts. Xenon induced cell survival or graft functional recovery was abolished by HIF-1α siRNA. Our data suggest that xenon treatment attenuates DGF and enhances graft survival. This approach could be translated into clinical practice leading to a considerable improvement in long-term graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster HospitalLondon, UK
| | - H R Watts
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster HospitalLondon, UK
| | - M Chong
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster HospitalLondon, UK
| | - H Huang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster HospitalLondon, UK
| | - C Tralau-Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Drug Discovery Centre, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - P H Maxwell
- Division of Medicine, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - M Maze
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, CA
| | - A J T George
- Section of Molecular ImmunologyDepartment of MedicineImperial College London, Hammersmith HospitalLondon, UK
| | - D Ma
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster HospitalLondon, UK,Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of MedicineHubei, China,*Corresponding author: Daqing Ma,
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Foong HBB, Chong M, Taylor EM, Carlson JA, Petrella T. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm in an elderly woman. Med J Malaysia 2013; 68:161-163. [PMID: 23629565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (a.k.a. NK cell lymphoma, CD4+CD56+ haematodermic neoplasm) is a rare aggressive tumour that arises from plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors. We report the first case from Malaysia of a 79-year-old Chinese woman who presented with purpuric plaques and nodules produced by pleomorphic CD4+, CD56+, CD68+, CD123+ and CD303+, but CD2APmononuclear cell infiltrates. Leukemic dissemination occurred and she succumbed to disease without treatment 4 weeks after diagnosis and 9 months after onset of cutaneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B B Foong
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Department of Medicine, No. 3, Jalan Greentown, Ipoh, Perak 30450 Malaysia.
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Borbon A, Ruiz M, Bechara J, Aumont B, Chong M, Huntrieser H, Mari C, Reeves CE, Scialom G, Hamburger T, Stark H, Afif C, Jambert C, Mills G, Schlager H, Perros PE. Transport and chemistry of formaldehyde by mesoscale convective systems in West Africa during AMMA 2006. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li JY, Chong M, Yong LT, Tan NC, Iyer G, Soo KC, Tan HK. O131. Giant Ameloblastoma: Is radical resection the choice of treatment? Oral Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.06.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ivanov I, Zhou L, Huh J, Santori F, Manel N, Chong M, Umesaki Y, Brodie E, Honda K, Littman D. Role of microbiota and transcription factors in control of Th17 cell differentiation. Cytokine 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sebastian R, Skowronski DM, Chong M, Dhaliwal J, Brownstein JS. Age-related trends in the timeliness and prediction of medical visits, hospitalizations and deaths due to pneumonia and influenza, British Columbia, Canada, 1998-2004. Vaccine 2007; 26:1397-403. [PMID: 18280620 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2007] [Revised: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The influenza immunization program in North America has been primarily designed to provide direct benefit to vaccinated individuals at highest risk of serious influenza outcomes. Some evidence suggests that immunization of certain age groups may also extend indirect protective benefit to vulnerable populations. Our goal was to identify age groups associated earliest with seasonal influenza activity and who may have the greatest indirect impact at the population level. We examined age-based associations between influenza medical visits and population-wide hospitalization/mortality due to pneumonia & influenza (P&I) using administrative datasets in British Columbia, Canada. A peak week was identified for each age group based on the highest rates observed in a given week for that study year. Mean rates at the peak week were averaged over the study years per age group. Timeliness (T) was defined as the mean difference in days between the first peak in influenza medical visits and population-wide P&I hospitalizations/deaths. Poisson regression was applied to calculate prediction (Pr) as the average proportion of deviance in P&I explained by influenza medical visits. T and Pr were derived by age group, and the product (T x Pr) was used as a summary measure to rank potential indirect effects of influenza by age group. Young children (0-23 months) and the elderly (> or = 65 years) had the highest peak rates of P&I hospitalization. Children < 6m and the elderly had the highest peak rates of P&I mortality. We found no significant differences by age for influenza medical visits in predicting population-wide P&I hospitalizations or deaths. School-aged children (5-19 years) showed the best relative combination of T x Pr, followed by preschool-aged children (2-4 years). We conclude that the very young and old suffer the greatest morbidity due to P&I, and an indirect role for school-aged children in anticipating the risk to others warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sebastian
- Epidemiology Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 12th Avenue West, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4R4 Canada
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Choi P, Snyder H, Petrucelli L, Theisler C, Chong M, Zhang Y, Lim K, Chung KKK, Kehoe K, D'Adamio L, Lee JM, Cochran E, Bowser R, Dawson TM, Wolozin B. SEPT5_v2 is a parkin-binding protein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 117:179-89. [PMID: 14559152 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(03)00318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in parkin are associated with various inherited forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin is a ubiquitin ligase enzyme that catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins destined for proteasomal degradation. The substrates of parkin-mediated ubiquitination have yet to be completely identified. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we isolated the septin, human SEPT5_v2 (also known as cell division control-related protein 2), as a putative parkin-binding protein. SEPT5_v2 is highly homologous to another septin, SEPT5, which was recently identified as a target for parkin-mediated ubiquitination. SEPT5_v2 binds to parkin at the amino terminus and in the ring finger domains. Several lines of evidence have validated the putative link between parkin and SEPT5_v2. Parkin co-precipitates with SEPT5_v2 from human substantia nigra lysates. Parkin ubiquitinates SEPT5_v2 in vitro, and both SEPT5_v1 and SEPT5_v2 accumulate in brains of patients with ARJP, suggesting that parkin is essential for the normal metabolism of these proteins. These findings suggest that an important relationship exists between parkin and septins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Bldg 102/3634, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Soula S, Chauzy S, Chong M, Coquillat S, Georgis JF, Seity Y, Tabary P. Surface precipitation electric current produced by convective rains during the Mesoscale Alpine Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Soula
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - S. Chauzy
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - M. Chong
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - S. Coquillat
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - J. F. Georgis
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - Y. Seity
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5560; Université Paul Sabatier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toulouse France
| | - P. Tabary
- Centre d'Étude des Environnements Terrestre et Planétaires; Vélizy France
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Abstract
Parkin and alpha-synuclein are two proteins that are associated with the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin is present in Lewy bodies and axonal spheroids in brains affected by PD, and mutations in parkin cause hereditary forms of Parkinsonism. Alpha-synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies and is associated with rare cases of PD. We now show that parkin binds to alpha-synuclein, including conditions associated with alpha-synuclein aggregation. Parkin and alpha-synuclein complexes were observed in BE-M17 cells under basal conditions, in BE- M17 cells under oxidative conditions and in brains from control or PD donors. Double staining of PD brains shows parkin and alpha-synuclein co-localize to the same pathological structures (both Lewy bodies and axonal spheroids). These results suggest that parkin interacts with alpha-synuclein and could contribute to the pathophysiology of PD more generally than was previously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Bldg. 102, Rm. 3634, 2160 S. 1st Ave., Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the efficacy of arterial phase helical computed tomography (CT) for the depiction of small pancreatic arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arterial phase helical CT (3-mm collimation, 1-mm reconstruction interval) was performed during power injection of 180 mL of ioversol at 5 mL/sec. Two radiologists reviewed 100 consecutive arterial phase helical CT scans of the pancreas in patients with normal glands and recorded the frequency of visualization of the major visceral (celiac, hepatic, splenic, gastroduodenal, superior mesenteric) and small pancreatic (dorsal pancreatic, right branch of the dorsal pancreatic, pancreaticomagna, caudal pancreatic, transverse pancreatic, anterior and posterior arcade, and inferior pancreaticoduodenal) arteries. RESULTS Scans in 87 patients were technically satisfactory and were included in the analysis. The major visceral arteries were seen in all patients. The following secondary pancreatic arteries were seen: dorsal pancreatic, 82 (94%) patients; pancreaticomagna, 45 (52%); caudal pancreatic, 34 (39%); transverse pancreatic, 36 (41%); right branch of the dorsal pancreatic, eight (9%); anterior arcade, 47 (54%); posterior arcade, 63 (72%); and inferior pancreaticoduodenal, 73 (84%). CONCLUSION Small pancreatic arteries can be delineated on arterial phase helical CT scans by using optimized techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chong
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA
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Chauzy S, Chong M, Delannoy A, Despiau S. The June 22 tropical squall line observed during COPT 81 experiment: Electrical signature associated with dynamical structure and precipitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id04p06091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Testud J, Chong M. Three-Dimensional Wind Field Analysis from Dual-Doppler Radar Data. Part I: Filtering, Interpolating and Differentiating the Raw Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1983)022<1204:tdwfaf>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Missirlis YF, Chong M. Aortic valve mechanics--Part I: material properties of natural porcine aortic valves. J Bioeng 1978; 2:287-300. [PMID: 711721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology has been developed whereby the inhomogeneous and anisotropic aspects of an irregularly surfaced organ component have been incorporated in establishing the material properties of its tissue. Specifically the direction-dependent post-transition elastic moduli have been calculated from microtensile experiments for the porcine aortic valve leaflets with an average of ECIRC/ERAD = 3.2. Furthermore pressure-strain data have been measured for a grid of points on the surface of a porcine aortic valve and an isostrain map has been developed for P = 80 mm. Hg. These data are used for the stress analysis of porcine aortic valves which is the subject of a companion paper.
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Chong M, Eng M, Missirlis YF. Aortic valve mechanics. Part II: a stress analysis of the porcine aortic valve leaflets in diastole. Biomater Med Devices Artif Organs 1978; 6:225-44. [PMID: 728516 DOI: 10.3109/10731197809118703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The stress analysis of the porcine aortic valve leaflets in diastole at 80 mm Hg pressure in-vitro is presented. Incorporation of local geometrical asymmetry, material inhomogeneity, anistropy and non-linearity are applied. The stress theory used is a modified form of the thin membrane stress theory for a homogeneous linearly elastic and orthotropic lamina. Modifications are made so that the Hooke's law constitutive equations of stress may be applied to the inhomogeneous, non-lineary elastic and orthotropic thin (membrane) aortic valve leaflets. Stress calculations are made on the premise that the valve is in pre-transition (i.e. low elastic modulus) in the circumferential direction and post-transition (i.e. high elastic modulus) in the radial direction. It is shown that sigmaCIR less than 1 gm/mm2, and for most of the noncoronary leaflet, 0 less than sigmaRAD less than 30 gm/mm2. The areas of highest stress concentrations are in the areas of mutual leaflet coaptation near the Node of Arantii. A progressive increase of radial stresses from the sinus-annulus edge toward the node is observed.
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