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Maglione R, Ciotola M, Cadieux M, Toussaint V, Laforest M, Kembel SW. Winter rye cover crops shelter competent squash phyllosphere bacteria to reduce Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans growth and angular leaf spot symptoms. Phytopathology 2024. [PMID: 38648089 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-22-0291-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cover crops, a soil conservation practice, can contribute to reducing disease pressure caused by Pseudomonas syringae, considered one of the most important bacterial plant pathogens. We recently demonstrated that phyllosphere (leaf surface) bacterial community structure changed when squash (Cucurbita pepo) was grown with a rye (Secale cereale) cover crop treatment, followed by a decrease of angular leaf spot (ALS) disease symptoms on squash caused by P. syringae pv. lachrymans. Application of biocontrol agents is a known agricultural practice to mitigate crop losses due to microbial disease. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that some phyllosphere bacteria promoted when squash are grown on cover crops could be isolated and used as a biocontrol agent to decrease ALS symptoms. We grew squash during a two-year field experiment using four agricultural practices: bare soil, cover crops, chemically terminated cover crops, and plastic cover. We sampled squash leaves at 3 different dates each year and constructed a collection of cultivable bacterial strains isolated from squash leaves and rye cover crop material. Each isolated strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and used in in vitro (Petri dish) pathogen growth and in vivo (greenhouse) symptom control assays. Four bacterial isolates belonging to the genera Pseudarthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Delftia and Rhizobium were shown to inhibit P. syringae pv. lachrymans growth and ALS symptom development. Strikingly, the symptom control efficacy of all strains was stronger on older leaves. This study sheds light on the importance of bacterial isolation from cover crops sources to promote disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Maglione
- UQAM Faculté des Sciences, 98643, Biology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Marie Ciotola
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Plant bacteriology , St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Mélanie Cadieux
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Plant bacteriology , St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Vicky Toussaint
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Plant bacteriology , 430 boul. Gouin, St-Jean-sur-Richlieu, Quebec, Canada, J3B 3E6;
| | - Martin Laforest
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Plant bacteriology , St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Steven W Kembel
- UQAM Faculté des Sciences, 98643, Biology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
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Albert D, Zboralski A, Ciotola M, Cadieux M, Biessy A, Blom J, Beaulieu C, Filion M. Identification and genomic characterization of Pseudomonas spp. displaying biocontrol activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in lettuce. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1304682. [PMID: 38516010 PMCID: PMC10955138 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1304682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lettuce is an economically major leafy vegetable that is affected by numerous diseases. One of the most devastating diseases of lettuce is white mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Control methods for this fungus are limited due to the development of genetic resistance to commonly used fungicides, the large number of hosts and the long-term survival of sclerotia in soil. To elaborate a new and more sustainable approach to contain this pathogen, 1,210 Pseudomonas strains previously isolated from agricultural soils in Canada were screened for their antagonistic activity against S. sclerotiorum. Nine Pseudomonas strains showed strong in vitro inhibition in dual-culture confrontational assays. Whole genome sequencing of these strains revealed their affiliation with four phylogenomic subgroups within the Pseudomonas fluorescens group, namely Pseudomonas corrugata, Pseudomonas asplenii, Pseudomonas mandelii, and Pseudomonas protegens. The antagonistic strains harbor several genes and gene clusters involved in the production of secondary metabolites, including mycin-type and peptin-type lipopeptides, and antibiotics such as brabantamide, which may be involved in the inhibitory activity observed against S. sclerotiorum. Three strains also demonstrated significant in planta biocontrol abilities against the pathogen when either inoculated on lettuce leaves or in the growing substrate of lettuce plants grown in pots. They however did not impact S. sclerotiorum populations in the rhizosphere, suggesting that they protect lettuce plants by altering the fitness and the virulence of the pathogen rather than by directly impeding its growth. These results mark a step forward in the development of biocontrol products against S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Albert
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Zboralski
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Ciotola
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Cadieux
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Adrien Biessy
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carole Beaulieu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Filion
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
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Biessy A, Ciotola M, Cadieux M, Albert D, Filion M. Genome Sequences of Two Plant-Beneficial Chryseobacterium Strains Isolated from Agricultural Soils in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023:e0010423. [PMID: 37318325 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00104-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Two Chryseobacterium strains, B21-013 and B21-037, were isolated from agricultural soils located in the province of Quebec, Canada, as part of a screening for plant-beneficial bacteria able to suppress Xanthomonas hortorum pv. vitians and other lettuce bacterial pathogens. Here, we report the genome sequences of these two organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Biessy
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Ciotola
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Cadieux
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daphné Albert
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Filion
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
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Zboralski A, Biessy A, Ciotola M, Cadieux M, Albert D, Blom J, Filion M. Harnessing the genomic diversity of Pseudomonas strains against lettuce bacterial pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1038888. [PMID: 36620043 PMCID: PMC9814014 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1038888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lettuce is a major vegetable crop worldwide that is affected by numerous bacterial pathogens, including Xanthomonas hortorum pv. vitians, Pseudomonas cichorii, and Pectobacterium carotovorum. Control methods are scarce and not always effective. To develop new and sustainable approaches to contain these pathogens, we screened more than 1,200 plant-associated Pseudomonas strains retrieved from agricultural soils for their in vitro antagonistic capabilities against the three bacterial pathogens under study. Thirty-five Pseudomonas strains significantly inhibited some or all three pathogens. Their genomes were fully sequenced and annotated. These strains belong to the P. fluorescens and P. putida phylogenomic groups and are distributed in at least 27 species, including 15 validly described species. They harbor numerous genes and clusters of genes known to be involved in plant-bacteria interactions, microbial competition, and biocontrol. Strains in the P. putida group displayed on average better inhibition abilities than strains in the P. fluorescens group. They carry genes and biosynthetic clusters mostly absent in the latter strains that are involved in the production of secondary metabolites such as 7-hydroxytropolone, putisolvins, pyochelin, and xantholysin-like and pseudomonine-like compounds. The presence of genes involved in the biosynthesis of type VI secretion systems, tailocins, and hydrogen cyanide also positively correlated with the strains' overall inhibition abilities observed against the three pathogens. These results show promise for the development of biocontrol products against lettuce bacterial pathogens, provide insights on some of the potential biocontrol mechanisms involved, and contribute to public Pseudomonas genome databases, including quality genome sequences on some poorly represented species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Zboralski
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Adrien Biessy
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Ciotola
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Cadieux
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Daphné Albert
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Filion
- Centre de Recherche et de Développement de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Martin Filion,
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Vicini S, Panvini N, Bellini D, Rengo M, Ciotola M, De Vivo M, Gambaretto C, Caldon V, Panno S, Del Borgo C, Carbone I. Radiographers and COVID-19 pneumonia: Diagnostic performance using CO-RADS. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:1078-1084. [PMID: 33975783 PMCID: PMC8086828 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction A more structured role of radiographers is advisable to speed up the management of patients with suspected COVID-19. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiographers in the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest CT using CO-RADS descriptors. Methods CT images of patients who underwent RT-PCR and chest CT due to COVID-19 suspicion between March and July 2020 were analysed retrospectively. Six readers, including two radiologists, two highly experienced radiographers and two less experienced radiographers, independently scored each CT using the CO-RADS lexicon. ROC curves were used to investigate diagnostic accuracy, and Fleiss’κ statistics to evaluate inter-rater agreement. Results 714 patients (419 men; 295 women; mean age: 64 years ±19SD) were evaluated. CO-RADS> 3 was identified as optimal diagnostic threshold. Highly experienced radiographers achieved an average sensitivity of 58.7% (95%CI: 52.5–64.7), an average specificity of 81.8% (95%CI: 77.9–85.2), and a mean AUC of 0.72 (95%CI: 0.68–0.75). Among less experienced radiographers, an average sensitivity of 56.3% (95%CI: 50.1–62.2) and an average specificity of 81.5% (95%CI: 77.6–84.9) were observed, with a mean AUC of 0.71 (95%CI: 0.68–0.74). Consultant radiologists achieved an average sensitivity of 60.0% (95%CI: 53.7–65.8), an average specificity of 81.7% (95%CI: 77.8–85.1), and a mean AUC of 0.73 (95%CI: 0.70–0.77). Conclusion Radiographers can adequately recognise the classic appearances of COVID-19 on CT, as described by the CO-RADS assessment scheme, in a way comparable to expert radiologists. Implications for practice Radiographers, as the first healthcare professionals to evaluate CT images in patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, could diagnose COVID-19 pneumonia by means of a categorical reporting scheme at CT in a reliable way, hence playing a primary role in the early management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vicini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - N Panvini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - D Bellini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy.
| | - M Rengo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - M Ciotola
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - M De Vivo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Canova, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - C Gambaretto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Canova, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - V Caldon
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Canova, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - S Panno
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Canova, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - C Del Borgo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Canova, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - I Carbone
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
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Laforest M, Bisaillon K, Ciotola M, Cadieux M, Hébert PO, Toussaint V, Svircev AM. Rapid identification of Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae species and characterization of E. amylovora streptomycin resistance using quantitative PCR assays. Can J Microbiol 2019; 65:496-509. [PMID: 30901526 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2018-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae are bacterial phytopathogens responsible for considerable yield losses in commercial pome fruit production. The pathogens, if left untreated, can compromise tree health and economically impact entire commercial fruit productions. Historically, the choice of effective control methods has been limited. The use of antibiotics was proposed as an effective control method. The identification of these pathogens and screening for the presence of antibiotic resistance is paramount in the adoption and implementation of disease control methods. Molecular tests have been developed and accepted for identification and characterization of these disease-causing organisms. We improved existing molecular tests by developing methods that are equal or superior in robustness for identifying E. amylovora or P. syringae while being faster to execute. In addition, the real-time PCR-based detection method for E. amylovora provided complementary information on the susceptibility or resistance to streptomycin of individual isolates. Finally, we describe a methodology and results that compare the aggressiveness of the different bacterial isolates on four apple cultivars. We show that bacterial isolates exhibit different behaviors when brought into contact with various apple varieties and that the hierarchical clustering of symptom severity indicates a population structure, suggesting a genetic basis for host cultivar specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laforest
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada
| | - Katherine Bisaillon
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada
| | - Marie Ciotola
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada
| | - Mélanie Cadieux
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada
| | - Pierre-Olivier Hébert
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada.,b Department of Biology, Sherbrooke University, 2500 University Boulevard, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Vicky Toussaint
- a Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Boulevard, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada
| | - Antonet M Svircev
- c Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland, ON L0R 2E0, Canada
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Chittari MV, McTernan P, Bawazeer N, Constantinides K, Ciotola M, O'Hare JP, Kumar S, Ceriello A. Impact of acute hyperglycaemia on endothelial function and retinal vascular reactivity in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2011; 28:450-4. [PMID: 21204962 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In diabetes, endothelial dysfunction and an altered retinal blood flow have been reported and precede overt macrovascular and microvascular disease. Furthermore, an association between postprandial hyperglycaemia, retinopathy and cardiovascular disease has been observed. METHODS Endothelial function and retinal vascular reactivity have been measured in baseline conditions in 10 healthy control subjects and 21 patients with Type 2 diabetes. In the patients with Type 2 diabetes, endothelial function and retinal vascular reactivity have been also measured every hour, for 4 h, during an oral glucose tolerance test. Endothelial function has been evaluated by measuring flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery, while retinal vascular reactivity has been measured using a retinal vessel analyser, during a flicker. RESULTS At 1 and 2 h after glucose ingestion, endothelial function decreased (P<0.05), while retinal vascular reactivity increased, even at 3 h (P<0.05), vs. the baseline values. CONCLUSION Our data highlight that acute hyperglycaemia impacts on endothelial function simultaneously at both macrovascular and at microvascular levels, inducing functional change, which could contribute towards explaining the clinical evidence of a strong association between postprandial hyperglycaemia, cardiovascular disease and retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Chittari
- Diabetes/Cardiology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, Schisano B, Autorino R, Iuliano S, Vietri MT, Cioffi M, De Sio M, Giugliano D. Mediterranean diet improves sexual function in women with the metabolic syndrome. Int J Impot Res 2007; 19:486-91. [PMID: 17673936 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we tested the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on sexual function in women with the metabolic syndrome. Women were identified in our database of subjects participating in controlled trials evaluating the effect of lifestyle changes and were included if they had a diagnosis of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) associated with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, a complete follow-up in the study trial and an intervention focused mainly on dietary changes. Fifty-nine women met the inclusion/exclusion criteria; 31 out of them were assigned to the Mediterranean-style diet and 28 to the control diet. After 2 years, women on the Mediterranean diet consumed more fruits, vegetables, nuts, whole grain and olive oil as compared with the women on the control diet. Female sexual function index (FSFI) improved in the intervention group, from a mean basal value of 19.7+/-3.1 to a mean post-treatment value of 26.1+/-4.1 (P=0.01), and remained stable in the control group. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly reduced in the intervention group (P<0.02). No single sexual domain (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain) was significantly ameliorated by the dietary treatment, suggesting that the whole female sexuality may find benefit from lifestyle changes. A Mediterranean-style diet might be effective in ameliorating sexual function in women with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.
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Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, Bisogni C, Schisano B, Autorino R, Cobellis L, De Sio M, Colacurci N, Giugliano D. Association of body weight with sexual function in women. Int J Impot Res 2007; 19:353-7. [PMID: 17287832 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sexual difficulties in women appear to be widespread in society; the relationship between female sexual function and obesity is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body weight, the distribution of body fat and sexual function in women. Fifty-two, otherwise healthy women with abnormal values of female sexual function index (FSFI) score (< or =23) were compared with 66 control women (FSFI >23), matched for age and menopausal status. All women were free from diseases known to affect sexual function. FSFI strongly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r=-0.72, P=0.0001), but not with waist-to-hip ratio (r=-0.09, P=0.48), in women with sexual dysfunction. Of the six sexual function parameters, desire and pain did not correlate with BMI, while arousal (r=-0.75), lubrication (r=-0.66), orgasm (r=-0.56) and satisfaction (r=-0.56, all P<0.001) did. FSFI score was significantly lower in overweight women as compared with normal weight women, while cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher. On multivariate analysis, both age and BMI explained about 68% of FSFI variance, with a primacy of BMI over age (ratio 4:1). In conclusion, obesity affects several aspects of sexuality in otherwise healthy women with sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
The metabolic syndrome represents a cluster of several risk factors for atherosclerosis that increases the risk of future cardiovascular events. In this study, we evaluated whether oxidative stress is increased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. We studied 100 subjects (50 men and 50 women) with the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III, and 50 (25 men and 25 women) matched subjects without the syndrome. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) methods; endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) was evaluated in the right brachial artery with a high-resolution ultrasound machine; oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the circulating levels of nitrotyrosine (NT), considered a good marker for the formation of endogenous peroxynitrite. Compared with control subjects, patients with the metabolic syndrome had greater waist circumference, higher HOMA and systolic pressure values, higher triglyceride and lower HDL-cholesterol levels. NT levels were higher (0.44+/-0.12 micromol/l, mean+/-SD) while FMD was lower [7.3 (4.4/9.6), median and interquartile range] in subjects with the metabolic syndrome as compared with control subjects [0.27+/-0.08 and 11.8 (8.6/14.9), respectively, p<0.001]. There was an increase in NT levels and HOMA score as the number of components of the metabolic syndrome increased. NT levels were associated with waist circumference (r=0.38, p=0.01), triglycerides (r=0.32, p<0.02), systolic blood pressure (r=0.21, p<0.05) and fasting glucose (r=0.24, p<0.05). The oxidative stress that accompanies the metabolic syndrome is associated with both insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction, providing a connection which is highly deleterious for vascular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
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Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, Schisano B, Improta L, Improta MR, Beneduce F, Rispoli M, De Sio M, Giugliano D. Endothelial microparticles correlate with erectile dysfunction in diabetic men. Int J Impot Res 2006; 19:161-6. [PMID: 16900206 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell-derived microparticles are supposed to be involved in endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate circulating microparticles in diabetic subjects with erectile dysfunction (ED) and their relation with endothelial dysfunction. Thirty diabetic men with ED and 20 age-matched control subjects without ED were assessed for circulating microparticles and endothelial dysfunction. Flow cytometry was used to assess microparticles by quantification of circulating endothelial (EMP, CD31(+)/CD42b(-)) and platelet (PMP, CD31(+)/CD42b(+)) microparticles in peripheral blood. Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was evaluated in the right brachial artery after reactive hyperemia. Compared with non-diabetic subjects, diabetic men presented significantly higher numbers of EMP (P=0.001), and reduced FMD (P=0.01), with a significant inverse correlation between the number of circulating EMP and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score (r=-0.457, P=0.01). Multivariate analysis correcting for age, anthropometric indices, glucose and lipid parameters, FMD and PMP identified EMP as the only independent predictor for IIEF score (P=0.03). EMP are elevated in impotent diabetic subjects and independently involved in the pathogenesis of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.
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Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, De Sio M, Giugliano G, D'armiento M, Giugliano D. Mediterranean diet improves erectile function in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Int J Impot Res 2006; 18:405-10. [PMID: 16395320 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Men with the metabolic syndrome demonstrate an increased prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). In the present study, we tested the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on ED in men with the metabolic syndrome. Men were identified in our database of subjects participating in controlled trials evaluating the effect of lifestyle changes and were included if they had a diagnosis of ED associated with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, complete follow-up in the study trial, and intervention focused mainly on dietary changes. Sixty-five men with the metabolic syndrome met the inclusion/exclusion criteria; 35 out of them were assigned to the Mediterranean-style diet and 30 to the control diet. After 2 years, men on the Mediterranean diet consumed more fruits, vegetables, nuts, whole grain, and olive oil as compared with men on the control diet. Endothelial function score and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein) improved in the intervention group, but remained stable in the control group. There were 13 men in the intervention group and two in the control group (P=0.015) that reported an IIEF score of 22 or higher. Mediterranean-style diet rich in whole grain, fruits, vegetables, legumes, walnut, and olive oil might be effective per se in reducing the prevalence of ED in men with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Naples SUN, Piazza Miraglia, Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a significant public health problem. We assessed the prevalence of FSD in premenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome as compared to the general female population. Compared with the control group (N = 80), women with the metabolic syndrome (N = 120) had reduced mean full Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) score (23.2+/-5.4 vs 30.1+/-4.7, P < 0.001), reduced satisfaction rate (3.5+/-1.1 vs 4.7+/-1.2, P < 0.01), and higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP: 2.2 (0.6/4.9) vs 0.8 (0.2/2.9) mg/l, median (interquartile range), P = 0.01). There was an inverse relation between CRP levels and FSFI score (r = -0.32, P=0.02). Investigation of female sexuality is suggested for patients with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esposito
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Giugliano F, Esposito K, Di Palo C, Ciotola M, Giugliano G, Marfella R, D'Armiento M, Giugliano D. Erectile dysfunction associates with endothelial dysfunction and raised proinflammatory cytokine levels in obese men. J Endocrinol Invest 2004; 27:665-9. [PMID: 15505991 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Erectile and endothelial dysfunction may have some shared pathways through a defect in nitric oxide activity. We evaluated associations between erectile function, endothelial function and markers of systemic vascular inflammation in 80 obese men, aged 35-55 yr, divided into two equal groups according to the presence/absence of erectile dysfunction. Compared with non-obese age-matched men [no.=50, body mass index (BMI)=24 +/- 1], obese men (all) had impaired indices of endothelial function as suggested by the reduced mean blood pressure and platelet aggregation responses to L-arginine, and higher circulating concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-18 (IL-18), as well as C-reactive protein (CRP). The mean erectile function score was 14 +/- 4 (range 7-19) in obese men with erectile dysfunction and 23.5 +/- 1 (range 22-25) in obese men without erectile dysfunction. Endothelial function showed a greater impairment in impotent obese men as compared with potent obese men. The mean blood pressure and platelet aggregation decreases following L-arginine were -1.5 +/- 1.1 mmHg and -1.1 +/- 1.2%, respectively, in obese men with erectile dysfunction, and -3.4 +/- 1.2 mmHg and -5.6 +/- 2.1%, respectively, in obese men without erectile dysfunction (p < 0.01). Circulating CRP levels were significantly higher in obese men with erectile dysfunction as compared with obese men without erectile dysfunction (p < 0.05). Erectile function score was positively associated with mean blood pressure responses to L-arginine and negatively associated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and CRR Erectile and endothelial dysfunction associate in obese men and may contribute to their raised cardiovascular risk through impaired nitric oxide availability elicited by a low-grade inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Giugliano
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Gualdiero P, Esposito K, Ciotola M, Marfella R, Giugliano D. Simvastatin normalizes qtc dispersion and reduces ventricular electrical instability in isolated hypercholesterolemia. J Endocrinol Invest 2002; 25:RC16-8. [PMID: 12109633 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating a possible relationship between cholesterol levels and ventricular electrical instability in human beings. Forty subjects (26 males and 14 females, mean age+/-SD 50.3+/-3.7 yr) with isolated hypercholesterolemia (> or =240 mg/dl) were selected from a population of 250 patients who attended the outpatient department of our institution for symptomatic extrasystolic activity (ventricular premature complexes >3,000/24 h). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either simvastatin 40 mg/d or placebo for 3 consecutive months. After treatment, subjects in the simvastatin group presented a significant decrease of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and an increase of HDL-cholesterol levels (p<0.01), associated with a reduction of both QTc dispersion (p<0.001) and ventricular premature complexes (p<0.001). None of these changes were observed in the placebo group. At baseline, there was a relationship between cholesterol levels, ventricular premature complexes (VPC) (r=0.33, p<0.05) and QTc dispersion (r=0.41, p<0.01). After treatment, reductions in serum cholesterol levels correlated with decreases of both VPCs (r=0.37, p<0.01) and QTc dispersion (r=0.49, p<0.01). In subjects with isolated hypercholesterolemia simvastatin may reduce the cardiovascular risk associated with ventricular electrical instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gualdiero
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Italy
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Brevetti G, Rossini A, Perna S, Policicchio A, Attisano T, Ciotola M, Quattrin S, Condorelli M, Chiariello M. Beneficial effect of a new prostacyclin derivative on the walking capacity in patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency. Angiology 1989; 40:907-13. [PMID: 2478050 DOI: 10.1177/000331978904001009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy, tolerance and safety of iloprost, a stable analogue of carbaprostacyclin, were evaluated in 7 patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency at stage II of Fontaine's classification. After washout, placebo was infused intravenously for seven days, then iloprost was given by a six-hour intravenous infusion of 1 ng/kg/min over the next seven days. At the end of each period, the initial (ICD) and the absolute (ACD) claudication distance were measured by treadmill. The ankle/arm systolic blood pressure ratio (WI) was also assessed, at rest and ten minutes after exercise. As compared with placebo, ICD increased from 98 +/- 60 to 137 +/- 91 meters (p less than 0.05) and ACD from 151 +/- 76 to 210 +/- 95 meters (p less than 0.05). Similarly, WI rose from 0.44 +/- 0.14 to 0.52 +/- 0.18 (p less than 0.05) at rest and from 0.40 +/- 0.13 to 0.48 +/- 0.20 (p less than 0.05) ten minutes after treadmill exercise. Owing to the spontaneous fluctuation in walking distance experienced by such patients, an increase in ACD greater than or equal to 50% was considered as clinically relevant. In 3 patients, who experienced such an improvement, iloprost continued to be infused at the same dosage as before, for an additional seven days. In the remaining 4 patients (nonresponders), the dose was increased to 2 ng/kg/min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brevetti
- Department of Medicine, 2nd Medical School, University of Naples, Italy
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