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Schadt C, Martin S, Carrell A, Fortner A, Hopp D, Jacobson D, Klingeman D, Kristy B, Phillips J, Piatkowski B, Miller MA, Smith M, Patil S, Flynn M, Canon S, Clum A, Mungall CJ, Pennacchio C, Bowen B, Louie K, Northen T, Eloe-Fadrosh EA, Mayes MA, Muchero W, Weston DJ, Mitchell J, Doktycz M. An integrated metagenomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic survey of Populus across genotypes and environments. Sci Data 2024; 11:339. [PMID: 38580669 PMCID: PMC10997577 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bridging molecular information to ecosystem-level processes would provide the capacity to understand system vulnerability and, potentially, a means for assessing ecosystem health. Here, we present an integrated dataset containing environmental and metagenomic information from plant-associated microbial communities, plant transcriptomics, plant and soil metabolomics, and soil chemistry and activity characterization measurements derived from the model tree species Populus trichocarpa. Soil, rhizosphere, root endosphere, and leaf samples were collected from 27 different P. trichocarpa genotypes grown in two different environments leading to an integrated dataset of 318 metagenomes, 98 plant transcriptomes, and 314 metabolomic profiles that are supported by diverse soil measurements. This expansive dataset will provide insights into causal linkages that relate genomic features and molecular level events to system-level properties and their environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Schadt
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Stanton Martin
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Alyssa Carrell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Allison Fortner
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Dan Hopp
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Dan Jacobson
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Dawn Klingeman
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Brandon Kristy
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Jana Phillips
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Bryan Piatkowski
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Montana Smith
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Sujay Patil
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mark Flynn
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Shane Canon
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alicia Clum
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J Mungall
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christa Pennacchio
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Bowen
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Louie
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Trent Northen
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Emiley A Eloe-Fadrosh
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Melanie A Mayes
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - David J Weston
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Julie Mitchell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Mitchel Doktycz
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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Potter TD, Haywood N, Teixeira A, Hodges G, Barrett EL, Miller MA. Partitioning into phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol membranes: liposome measurements, coarse-grained simulations, and implications for bioaccumulation. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2023. [PMID: 37158124 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-water partitioning is an important physical property for the assessment of bioaccumulation and environmental impact. Here, we advance simulation methodology for predicting the partitioning of small molecules into lipid membranes and compare the computational predictions to experimental measurements in liposomes. As a step towards high-throughput screening, we present an automated mapping and parametrization procedure to produce coarse-grained models compatible with the Martini 3 force field. The methodology is general and can also be used for other applications where coarse-grained simulations are appropriate. This article addresses the effect on membrane-water partitioning of adding cholesterol to POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) membranes. Nine contrasting neutral, zwitterionic and charged solutes are tested. Agreement between experiment and simulation is generally good, with the most challenging cases being permanently charged solutes. For all solutes, partitioning is found to be insensitive to membrane cholesterol concentration up to 25% mole fraction. Hence, for assessment of bioaccumulation into a range of membranes (such as those found in fish), partitioning data measured in pure lipid membranes are still informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Potter
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicola Haywood
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Teixeira
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elin L Barrett
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
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Amendola RL, Miller MA, Kaupp SM, Cleary RJ, Damron TA, Mann KA. Modification to Mirels scoring system location component improves fracture prediction for metastatic disease of the proximal femur. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:65. [PMID: 36694156 PMCID: PMC9872372 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correctly identifying patients at risk of femoral fracture due to metastatic bone disease remains a clinical challenge. Mirels criteria remains the most widely referenced method with the advantage of being easily calculated but it suffers from poor specificity. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a modified Mirels scoring system through scoring modification of the original Mirels location component within the proximal femur. METHODS Computational (finite element) experiments were performed to quantify strength reduction in the proximal femur caused by simulated lytic lesions at defined locations. Virtual spherical defects representing lytic lesions were placed at 32 defined locations based on axial (4 axial positions: neck, intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric or diaphyseal) and circumferential (8 circumferential: 45-degree intervals) positions. Finite element meshes were created, material property assignment was based on CT mineral density, and femoral head/greater trochanter loading consistent with stair ascent was applied. The strength of each femur with a simulated lesion divided by the strength of the intact femur was used to calculate the Location-Based Strength Fraction (LBSF). A modified Mirels location score was next defined for each of the 32 lesion locations with an assignment of 1 (LBSF > 75%), 2 (LBSF: 51-75%), and 3 (LBSF: 0-50%). To test the new scoring system, data from 48 patients with metastatic disease to the femur, previously enrolled in a Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) cross-sectional study was used. The lesion location was identified for each case based on axial and circumferential location from the CT images and assigned an original (2 or 3) and modified (1,2, or 3) Mirels location score. The total score for each was then calculated. Eight patients had a fracture of the femur and 40 did not over a 4-month follow-up period. Logistic regression and decision curve analysis were used to explore relationships between clinical outcome (Fracture/No Fracture) and the two Mirels scoring methods. RESULTS The location-based strength fraction (LBSF) was lowest for lesions in the subtrochanteric and diaphyseal regions on the lateral side of the femur; lesions in these regions would be at greatest risk of fracture. Neck lesions located at the anterior and antero-medial positions were at the lowest risk of fracture. When grouped, neck lesions had the highest LBSF (83%), followed by intertrochanteric (72%), with subtrochanteric (50%) and diaphyseal lesions (49%) having the lowest LBSF. There was a significant difference (p < 0.0001) in LBSF between each axial location, except subtrochanteric and diaphyseal which were not different from each other (p = 0.96). The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve using logistic regression was greatest for modified Mirels Score using site specific location of the lesion (Modified Mirels-ss, AUC = 0.950), followed by a modified Mirels Score using axial location of lesion (Modified Mirels-ax, AUC = 0.941). Both were an improvement over the original Mirels score (AUC = 0.853). Decision curve analysis was used to quantify the relative risks of identifying patients that would fracture (TP, true positives) and those erroneously predicted to fracture (FP, false positives) for the original and modified Mirels scoring systems. The net benefit of the scoring system weighed the benefits (TP) and harms (FP) on the same scale. At a threshold probability of fracture of 10%, use of the modified Mirels scoring reduced the number of false positives by 17-20% compared to Mirels scoring. CONCLUSIONS A modified Mirels scoring system, informed by detailed analysis of the influence of lesion location, improved the ability to predict impending pathological fractures of the proximal femur for patients with metastatic bone disease. Decision curve analysis is a useful tool to weigh costs and benefits concerning fracture risk and could be combined with other patient/clinical factors that contribute to clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Amendola
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Shannon M Kaupp
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Richard J Cleary
- grid.423152.30000 0001 0686 270XDivision of Mathematics and Science, Babson College, 231 Forest St, Babson Park, MA 02457 USA
| | - Timothy A Damron
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
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4
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Miller MA, Hardy WR, Oest ME, Mann KA. Potential for supraphysiologic fluid shear stresses in a rat cemented knee replacement model. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:94-103. [PMID: 35332943 PMCID: PMC9509496 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechano-biologic environment associated with aseptic loosening of cemented joint replacements is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to use a preclinical rat knee arthroplasty model to explore the changes in cement-bone morphology and micromotion that occur with in vivo service. Narrow gaps between cement and bone under the tibial tray were present at early time points, and with even small magnitude micromotion, resulted in large micromotion-to-gap width ratios. These data were then used to develop models of fluid flow in the cement-bone gaps to estimate potential for high fluid shear stress (FSS). Modeling results revealed supraphysiologic (>4 Pa) FSS were possible, particularly for cases in which eccentric loading applied to the implant and if the fluid in the gap consisted of marrow or synovial fluid. The early, high FSS environment, could cause fluid-induced periprosthetic osteolysis locally, resulting in progressive loss of cement-bone fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Miller
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - Megan E Oest
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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5
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Mathews A, Terry JL, Baek SG, Hughes JW, Kuang AQ, LaBombard B, Miller MA, Stotler D, Reiter D, Zholobenko W, Goto M. Deep modeling of plasma and neutral fluctuations from gas puff turbulence imaging. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:063504. [PMID: 35778003 DOI: 10.1063/5.0088216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of turbulence in setting boundary plasma conditions is presently a key uncertainty in projecting to fusion energy reactors. To robustly diagnose edge turbulence, we develop and demonstrate a technique to translate brightness measurements of HeI line radiation into local plasma fluctuations via a novel integrated deep learning framework that combines neutral transport physics and collisional radiative theory for the 33D - 23P transition in atomic helium with unbounded correlation constraints between the electron density and temperature. The tenets for experimental validity are reviewed, illustrating that this turbulence analysis for ionized gases is transferable to both magnetized and unmagnetized environments with arbitrary geometries. Based on fast camera data on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak, we present the first two-dimensional time-dependent experimental measurements of the turbulent electron density, electron temperature, and neutral density, revealing shadowing effects in a fusion plasma using a single spectral line.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mathews
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J L Terry
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S G Baek
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J W Hughes
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Q Kuang
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B LaBombard
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M A Miller
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Stotler
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - D Reiter
- Institut für Laser- und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen 40225, Germany
| | - W Zholobenko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Bayern 85748, Germany
| | - M Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
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6
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Kouznetsova VL, Zhang A, Miller MA, Tatineni M, Greenberg JP, Tsigelny IF. Potential SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Interface Inhibitors: Repurposing FDA-approved Drugs. J Explor Res Pharmacol 2022; 7:17-29. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2021.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Yates DM, Miller MA. Common Procedures in Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2022; 30:xi. [PMID: 35256114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cxom.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M Yates
- Medical Director of Cleft & Craniofacial Surgery: El Paso Children's Hospital 4845 Alameda Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79905; Fellowship Director of Cleft & Craniofacial Surgery: El Paso Children's Hospital; Assistant Professor: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas; Assistant Professor: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas; Partner: High Desert Oral and Facial Surgery, El Paso, Texas.
| | - Mark A Miller
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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8
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Mann KA, Miller MA, Rossow JK, Tatusko ME, Horton JA, Damron TA, Oest ME. Progressive loss of implant fixation in a preclinical rat model of cemented knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2353-2362. [PMID: 33382095 PMCID: PMC8243390 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening of total knee arthroplasty continues to be a challenging clinical problem. The progression of the loosening process, from the initial well-fixed component, is not fully understood. In this study, loss of fixation of cemented hemiarthroplasty was explored using 9-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with 0, 2, 6, 12, 26 week end points. Morphological and cellular changes of cement-bone fixation were determined for regions directly below the tibial tray (epiphysis) and distal to the tray (metaphysis). Loss of fixation, with a progressive increase in cement-bone gap volume was found in the epiphysis (0.162 mm3 /week), but did not progress appreciably in the metaphysis (0.007 mm3 /week). In the epiphysis, there was an early and sustained elevation of osteoclasts adjacent to the cement border and development of a fibrous tissue layer between the cement and bone. There was early formation of bone around the cement in the metaphysis, resulting in a condensed bone layer without osteoclastic bone resorption or development of a fibrous tissue layer. Implant positioning was also an important factor in the cement-bone gap formation, with greater gap formation for implants that were placed medially on the tibial articular surface. Loss of fixation in the rat model mimicked patterns found in human arthroplasty where cement-bone gaps initiate under the tibial tray, at the periphery of the implant. This preclinical model could be used to study early biological response to cemented fixation and associated contributions of mechanical instability, component alignment, and periprosthetic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Jeffrey K. Rossow
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Megan E. Tatusko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Jason A. Horton
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Timothy A. Damron
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Megan E. Oest
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
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9
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Tang JY, Tsigelny IF, Greenberg JP, Miller MA, Kouznetsova VL. Potential SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein 15 Inhibitors: Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs. Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology 2021; 000:000-000. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2021.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Potter T, Barrett EL, Miller MA. Automated Coarse-Grained Mapping Algorithm for the Martini Force Field and Benchmarks for Membrane-Water Partitioning. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:5777-5791. [PMID: 34472843 PMCID: PMC8444346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With a view to high-throughput simulations, we present an automated system for mapping and parameterizing organic molecules for use with the coarse-grained Martini force field. The method scales to larger molecules and a broader chemical space than existing schemes. The core of the mapping process is a graph-based analysis of the molecule's bonding network, which has the advantages of being fast, general, and preserving symmetry. The parameterization process pays special attention to coarse-grained beads in aromatic rings. It also includes a method for building efficient and stable frameworks of constraints for molecules with structural rigidity. The performance of the method is tested on a diverse set of 87 neutral organic molecules and the ability of the resulting models to capture octanol-water and membrane-water partition coefficients. In the latter case, we introduce an adaptive method for extracting partition coefficients from free-energy profiles to take into account the interfacial region of the membrane. We also use the models to probe the response of membrane-water partitioning to the cholesterol content of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
D. Potter
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Elin L. Barrett
- Unilever
Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
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Li K, Shen Y, Miller MA, Stabenow J, Williams RW, Lu L. Differing susceptibility of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice-parents of the murine BXD family, to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:137. [PMID: 34281598 PMCID: PMC8287544 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel coronavirus termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is closely related to SARS-CoV, poses a grave threat to global health and has devastated societies worldwide. One puzzling aspect of COVID-19 is the impressive variation in disease manifestations among infected individuals, from a majority who are asymptomatic or exhibit mild symptoms to a smaller, largely age-dependent fraction who develop life-threatening conditions. Some of these differences are likely the consequence of host genetic factors. Systems genetics using diverse and replicable cohorts of isogenic mice represents a powerful way to dissect those host genetic differences that modulate microbial infections. Here we report that the two founders of the large BXD family of mice—C57BL/6J and DBA/2J, differ substantially in their susceptibility to a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV, MA15. Following intranasal viral challenge, DBA/2J develops a more severe disease than C57BL/6J as evidenced by more pronounced and sustained weight loss. Disease was accompanied by high levels of pulmonary viral replication in both strains early after infection but substantially delayed viral clearance in DBA/2J. Our data reveal that the parents of the BXD family are segregated by clear phenotypic differences during MA15 infection and support the feasibility of using this family to systemically dissect the complex virus-host interactions that modulate disease progression and outcome of infection with SARS-CoV, and provisionally also with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Jennifer Stabenow
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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12
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Vita R, Zheng J, Jackson R, Dooley D, Overton JA, Miller MA, Berrios DC, Scheuermann RH, He Y, McGinty HK, Brochhausen M, Lin AY, Jain SB, Chibucos MC, Judkins J, Giglio MG, Feng IY, Burns G, Brush MH, Peters B, Stoeckert CJ. Standardization of assay representation in the Ontology for Biomedical Investigations. Database (Oxford) 2021; 2021:6318069. [PMID: 34244718 PMCID: PMC8271124 DOI: 10.1093/database/baab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) underwent a focused review of assay term annotations, logic and hierarchy with a goal to improve and standardize these terms. As a result, inconsistencies in W3C Web Ontology Language (OWL) expressions were identified and corrected, and additionally, standardized design patterns and a formalized template to maintain them were developed. We describe here this informative and productive process to describe the specific benefits and obstacles for OBI and the universal lessons for similar projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi Vita
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca Jackson
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Knocean Inc, Toronto, 105 Quebec Ave, ON M2P 2T3, Canada
| | - Damion Dooley
- Centre for Infectious Disease Genomics and One Health, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - James A Overton
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Knocean Inc, Toronto, 105 Quebec Ave, ON M2P 2T3, Canada
| | - Mark A Miller
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel C Berrios
- USRA/NASA Ames Research Center, Building N-260, Moffett Field, CA 94305, USA
| | - Richard H Scheuermann
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Ln, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yongqun He
- Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hande Küçük McGinty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 1 Ohio University Drive, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Mathias Brochhausen
- Translational Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Aisyah Yu Lin
- National Center for Ontological Research, University at Buffalo, 126 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Sagar B Jain
- Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Ln, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marcus C Chibucos
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - John Judkins
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michelle G Giglio
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Irene Y Feng
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 506 S. Wright St, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Gully Burns
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, 801 Jefferson Ave, Redwood City, CA 94062, USA
| | - Matthew H Brush
- Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christian J Stoeckert
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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13
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Coupette F, de Bruijn R, Bult P, Finner S, Miller MA, van der Schoot P, Schilling T. Nearest-neighbor connectedness theory: A general approach to continuum percolation. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:042115. [PMID: 34005937 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.042115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a method to estimate continuum percolation thresholds and illustrate its usefulness by investigating geometric percolation of noninteracting line segments and disks in two spatial dimensions. These examples serve as models for electrical percolation of elongated and flat nanofillers in thin film composites. While the standard contact volume argument and extensions thereof in connectedness percolation theory yield accurate predictions for slender nanofillers in three dimensions, they fail to do so in two dimensions, making our test a stringent one. In fact, neither a systematic order-by-order correction to the standard argument nor invoking the connectedness version of the Percus-Yevick approximation yield significant improvements for either type of particle. Making use of simple geometric considerations, our new method predicts a percolation threshold of ρ_{c}l^{2}≈5.83 for segments of length l, which is close to the ρ_{c}l^{2}≈5.64 found in Monte Carlo simulations. For disks of area a we find ρ_{c}a≈1.00, close to the Monte Carlo result of ρ_{c}a≈1.13. We discuss the shortcomings of the conventional approaches and explain how usage of the nearest-neighbor distribution in our method bypasses those complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Coupette
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - René de Bruijn
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Petrus Bult
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Shari Finner
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul van der Schoot
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Schilling
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Kung L, Savage RM, da Silva EB, Polukis SA, Smith ML, Johnson ACB, Miller MA. The effects of air stress during storage and low packing density on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4206-4222. [PMID: 33612226 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We determined if a microbial inoculant could improve the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage subjected to various challenges during storage that included an air stress challenge and low packing density. In Experiment 1, whole-plant corn was untreated (CTR) or treated (INO, Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 and Pediococcus pentosaceus 12455. Five individually replicated 7.5-L silos, at a density of 240 kg of dry matter (DM)/m3, for each treatment were kept sealed (NAS) for 19 wk, air stressed early (ES, 3 h/wk for wk 1-9), or air stressed late during storage (LS, 3 h/wk for wk 10-19). Inoculation increased the number of agar-culturable lactic acid bacteria regardless of air stress status, but it did not affect the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Early, but not late air stress, resulted in silages with a higher relative abundance of Acetobacter when compared with NAS. Silages treated with INO had greater concentrations of acetic acid than CTR. Numbers of yeasts were lowest for INO regardless of air stress and CTR-LS had the most yeasts among all treatments. Silages that were not air stressed had a higher relative abundance of Candida tropicalis than air stressed silages. Monascus purpureus was detected in ES and LS but not in NAS, and its relative abundance was numerically higher in CTR-ES than in INO-ES and statistically higher in CTR-LS compared with INO-LS. Early air stress numerically reduced aerobic stability compared with NAS, and there was a statistical tendency for lower stability in LS compared with NAS. Inoculation improved aerobic stability regardless of when the air stress occurred. In Experiment 2, corn silage was prepared with the same primary treatments of CTR and INO but was packed at a low (LD; 180 kg of DM/m3) or a normal (ND; 240 kg of DM/m3) density and sealed (NAS) or air stressed (AS; 24 h on d 28, 42, and 89) for 92 d of storage. The concentration of acetic acid was greater in INO compared with CTR and in AS compared with NAS. Numbers of yeasts were lower in NAS compared with AS regardless of inoculation and they were lower in INO-AS compared with CTR-AS. Treatment with INO improved aerobic stability but the improvement was better in NAS versus AS and better in ND versus LD. Overall, our experiments corroborate past findings showing that INO markedly improves the aerobic stability of corn silage but they are the first to show that improvement can be sustained even when the silage was exposed to regular air stresses and when packed at a low density.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kung
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716.
| | - R M Savage
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - E B da Silva
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - S A Polukis
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - M L Smith
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - A C B Johnson
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - M A Miller
- Phaseolus Consulting, Wyndmoor, PA 19038
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15
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Lawrence M, Polukis S, Barnard AM, Miller MA, Kung L, Gressley TF. Evaluating the effects of Lactobacillus animalis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii on performance and rumen and fecal measures in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4119-4133. [PMID: 33612206 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments evaluated the effect of supplementation with a bacterial direct-fed microbial on performance and apparent total-tract nutrient digestion of dairy cows. In experiment 1, 30 multiparous cows (75 ± 32 d in milk) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments fed for 10 wk. All cows were fed a diet containing 23.8% starch. Treatments were top dressed to rations twice daily and consisted of a combination of Lactobacillus animalis (1 × 109 cfu/d) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (2 × 109 cfu/d; LAPF) or carrier alone (CON). In experiment 2, 6 ruminally cannulated cows (123 ± 129 d in milk) were randomly assigned to a crossover design with two 6-wk periods. Cows received the same CON or LAPF treatment as in experiment 1. Cows were fed the same 23.8% starch diet as experiment 1 during wk 1 through 5 of each period, and then cows were abruptly switched to a 31.1% starch diet for wk 6. For both experiments, intake and milk yield were measured daily, and milk samples were collected weekly. In experiment 1, fecal grab samples were collected every 6 h on d 7 of experimental wk 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Fecal consistency was scored, and fecal starch was measured in daily composite samples. Fecal composites from a subset of 7 cows per treatment were used to measure apparent total-tract nutrient digestion. In experiment 2, rumen pH was continuously recorded during wk 5 and 6. On d 7 of wk 5 (the final day of feeding the 23.8% starch ration), d 1 of wk 6 (the day of diet transition), and d 7 of wk 6 (the final day of feeding the 31.1% starch ration), rumen in situ digestion was determined. Samples of rumen fluid and feces were collected every 6 h on those days for measurement of fecal starch (composited by cow within day), rumen volatile fatty acids, and fecal pH. Rumen and fecal samples were collected at one time point on those days for microbiota assessment. In experiment 1, treatment did not affect intake, milk yield, milk composition, or fecal score. The LAPF treatment decreased fecal starch percentage and tended to increase starch digestion compared with CON, but the differences were very small (0.59 vs. 0.78% and 98.74 vs. 98.46%, respectively). Digestion of other nutrients was unaffected. In experiment 2, LAPF increased rumen pH following the abrupt switch to the high-starch diet, but milk yield was lower for LAPF compared with CON (35.7 vs. 33.2 kg/d). Contrary to the decrease in fecal starch with LAPF observed in experiment 1, fecal starch tended to be increased by LAPF following the abrupt ration change in experiment 2 (2.97 vs. 2.15%). Few effects of treatment on rumen and fecal microbial populations were detectable. Under the conditions used in our experiments, addition of the bacterial direct-fed microbials did not have a marked effect on animal performance, ruminal measures, or total-tract nutrient digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lawrence
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - S Polukis
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - A M Barnard
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - M A Miller
- Phaseolus Consulting, Wyndmoor, PA 19308
| | - L Kung
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - T F Gressley
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716.
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Christy ATR, Kusumaatmaja H, Miller MA. Control of Superselectivity by Crowding in Three-Dimensional Hosts. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:028002. [PMID: 33512214 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.028002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the fine compositional control observed in membraneless droplet organelles in cells, we investigate how a sharp binding-unbinding transition can occur between multivalent client molecules and receptors embedded in a porous three-dimensional structure. In contrast to similar superselective binding previously observed at surfaces, we have identified that a key effect in a three-dimensional environment is that the presence of inert crowding agents can significantly enhance or even introduce superselectivity. In essence, molecular crowding initially suppresses binding via an entropic penalty, but the clients can then more easily form many bonds simultaneously. We demonstrate the robustness of the superselective behavior with respect to client valency, linker length, and binding interactions in Monte Carlo simulations of an archetypal lattice polymer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T R Christy
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Halim Kusumaatmaja
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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17
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Chambers MR, Foote JB, Bentley RT, Botta D, Crossman DK, Della Manna DL, Estevez-Ordonez D, Koehler JW, Langford CP, Miller MA, Markert JM, Olivier AK, Omar NB, Platt SR, Rissi DR, Shores A, Sorjonen DC, Yang ES, Yanke AB, Gillespie GY. Evaluation of immunologic parameters in canine glioma patients treated with an oncolytic herpes virus. J Transl Genet Genom 2021; 5:423-442. [PMID: 35342877 PMCID: PMC8955901 DOI: 10.20517/jtgg.2021.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To molecularly characterize the tumor microenvironment and evaluate immunologic parameters in canine glioma patients before and after treatment with oncolytic human IL-12-expressing herpes simplex virus (M032) and in treatment naïve canine gliomas. METHODS We assessed pet dogs with sporadically occurring gliomas enrolled in Stage 1 of a veterinary clinical trial that was designed to establish the safety of intratumoral oncoviral therapy with M032, a genetically modified oncolytic herpes simplex virus. Specimens from dogs in the trial and dogs not enrolled in the trial were evaluated with immunohistochemistry, NanoString, Luminex cytokine profiling, and multi-parameter flow cytometry. RESULTS Treatment-naive canine glioma microenvironment had enrichment of Iba1 positive macrophages and minimal numbers of T and B cells, consistent with previous studies identifying these tumors as immunologically "cold". NanoString mRNA profiling revealed enrichment for tumor intrinsic pathways consistent with suppression of tumor-specific immunity and support of tumor progression. Oncolytic viral treatment induced an intratumoral mRNA transcription signature of tumor-specific immune responses in 83% (5/6) of canine glioma patients. Changes included mRNA signatures corresponding with interferon signaling, lymphoid and myeloid cell activation, recruitment, and T and B cell immunity. Multiplexed protein analysis identified a subset of oligodendroglioma subjects with increased concentrations of IL-2, IL-7, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, TNFα, GM-CSF between 14 and 28 days after treatment, with evidence of CD4+ T cell activation and modulation of IL-4 and IFNγ production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that M032 modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment in the canine glioma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Chambers
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - J B Foote
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - R T Bentley
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - D Botta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - D K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - D L Della Manna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - D Estevez-Ordonez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - J W Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - C P Langford
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - M A Miller
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J M Markert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - A K Olivier
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - N B Omar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - S R Platt
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - D R Rissi
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - A Shores
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - D C Sorjonen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - E S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - A B Yanke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - G Y Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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18
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Worden NJ, Ash KJ, Ordway NR, Miller MA, Mann KA, VanDeventer GM, Valenzano DM, Hart R, Kayano M, Hayashi K. Radiographic and Biomechanical Assessment of Three Implant Designs for Canine Cementless Total Hip Replacement. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2020; 33:417-427. [PMID: 32971544 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between radiographic fit/fill measurements and biomechanical performance of three canine cementless total hip implant designs using an in vitro biomechanical testing protocol that replicates compression and torsion. STUDY DESIGN Eighteen (six/group) canine cadaveric femurs were implanted with one of three cementless total hip implant designs: (1) collarless, (2) collared or (3) lateral bolt stems. Femoral length, canal flare index (CFI), canal fill, stem fit, stem level and stem angle were measured as independent variables. Biomechanical performance was tested using physiological, non-destructive gait loading (loading protocols) and destructive testing (failure protocols). RESULTS During loading protocols, compressive stiffness was influenced by stem level (p < 0.05) and torsional stiffness was influenced by stem level and CFI for collarless stems (p < 0.05). During failure protocols, peak load was influenced by mediolateral (ML) stem angle (p < 0.05) and CFI (p < 0.01) for collarless stems and CFI for lateral bolt stems (p < 0.05). Peak torque was influenced by ML stem angle, craniocaudal stem angle and CFI for collarless stems (p < 0.05) and average ML fill for collared stems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Biomechanical performance of collarless stems in cementless hip arthroplasty is more impacted by radiographic fit/fill than lateral bolt and collared stems. As a result, collarless stems may be more dependent on preoperative fit and intraoperative precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Worden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Kristian J Ash
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Nathaniel R Ordway
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Gretchen M VanDeventer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Dominick M Valenzano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Robert Hart
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Animal Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Mitsunori Kayano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
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Kouznetsova VL, Zhang A, Tatineni M, Miller MA, Tsigelny IF. Potential COVID-19 papain-like protease PL pro inhibitors: repurposing FDA-approved drugs. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9965. [PMID: 32999768 PMCID: PMC7505060 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) as a template, we developed a pharmacophore model of functional centers of the PLpro inhibitor-binding pocket. With this model, we conducted data mining of the conformational database of FDA-approved drugs. This search identified 147 compounds that can be potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. The conformations of these compounds underwent 3D fingerprint similarity clusterization, followed by docking of possible conformers to the binding pocket of PLpro. Docking of random compounds to the binding pocket of protease was also done for comparison. Free energies of the docking interaction for the selected compounds were lower than for random compounds. The drug list obtained includes inhibitors of HIV, hepatitis C, and cytomegalovirus (CMV), as well as a set of drugs that have demonstrated some activity in MERS, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 therapy. We recommend testing of the selected compounds for treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aidan Zhang
- REHS Program at San Diego Dupercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mahidhar Tatineni
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Miller
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Igor F. Tsigelny
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Science, CureMatch Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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20
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Law JO, Dean JM, Miller MA, Kusumaatmaja H. Phase transitions on non-uniformly curved surfaces: coupling between phase and location. Soft Matter 2020; 16:8069-8077. [PMID: 32789327 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For particles confined to two dimensions, any curvature of the surface affects the structural, kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the system. If the curvature is non-uniform, an even richer range of behaviours can emerge. Using a combination of bespoke Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics and basin-hopping methods, we show that the stable states of attractive colloids confined to non-uniformly curved surfaces are distinguished not only by the phase of matter but also by their location on the surface. Consequently, the transitions between these states involve cooperative migration of the entire colloidal assembly. We demonstrate these phenomena on toroidal and sinusoidal surfaces for model colloids with different ranges of interactions as described by the Morse potential. In all cases, the behaviour can be rationalised in terms of three universal considerations: cluster perimeter, stress, and the packing of next-nearest neighbours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack O Law
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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21
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Mann KA, Miller MA, Tatusko ME, Oest ME. Similitude of cement-bone micromechanics in cemented rat and human knee replacement. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1529-1537. [PMID: 32167182 PMCID: PMC7293949 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A preclinical rat knee replacement model was recently developed to explore the biological and mechanobiological changes of trabecular resorption for cement-bone interdigitated regions. The goal here was to evaluate the relevance of this model compared with human knee replacement with regards to functional micromechanics. Eight nonsurvival, cemented knee replacement surgeries were performed, the interdigitated gap morphology was quantified, and interface micromotion between cement and bone was measured for 1 to 5 bodyweight loading. Computational fluid dynamics modeling of unit cell geometries with small gaps between trabeculae and cement was used to estimate fluid flow. Gap width (3.6 μm) was substantially smaller compared with cement-bone gaps reported in human knee replacement (11.8 μm). Micromotion at the cement-bone border was also decreased for the rat knee replacement (0.48 μm), compared with human (1.97 μm), for 1 bodyweight loading. However, the micromotion-to-gap width ratio (0.19 and 0.22 for, rat and human), and estimated fluid shear stress (6.47 and 7.13 Pa, for rat and human) were similar. Replicating the fluid dynamic characteristics of cement-bone interdigitated regions in human knee replacements using preclinical models may be important to recapitulate trabecular resorption mechanisms due to proposed supraphysiologic fluid shear stress. Statement of clinical significance: local cement-bone micromotion due to joint loading may contribute to the process of clinical loosening in total joint replacements. This work shows that while micromotion and gap morphology are diminished for the rat knee model compared to human, the motion-to-gap ratio, and corresponding fluid shear stress are of similar magnitudes.
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Allareddy V, Bruun R, MacLaine J, Markiewicz MR, Ruiz R, Miller MA. Orthodontic Preparation for Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients with Complete Cleft Lip and Palate. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2020; 32:205-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Pollock NR, Banz A, Chen X, Williams D, Xu H, Cuddemi CA, Cui AX, Perrotta M, Alhassan E, Riou B, Lantz A, Miller MA, Kelly CP. Comparison of Clostridioides difficile Stool Toxin Concentrations in Adults With Symptomatic Infection and Asymptomatic Carriage Using an Ultrasensitive Quantitative Immunoassay. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 68:78-86. [PMID: 29788296 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We used an ultrasensitive, quantitative single molecule array (Simoa) immunoassay to test whether concentrations of Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile toxins A and/or B in the stool of adult inpatients with C. difficile infection (CDI) were higher than in asymptomatic carriers of toxinogenic C. difficile. Methods Patients enrolled as CDI-NAAT had clinically significant diarrhea and a positive nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), per US guidelines, and received CDI treatment. Potential carriers had recently received antibiotics and did not have diarrhea; positive NAAT confirmed carriage. Baseline stool samples were tested by Simoa for toxin A and B. Results Stool toxin concentrations in both CDI-NAAT (n = 122) and carrier-NAAT (n = 44) cohorts spanned 5 logs (0 pg/mL to >100000 pg/mL). Seventy-nine of 122 (65%) CDI-NAAT and 34 of 44 (77%) carrier-NAAT had toxin A + B concentration ≥20 pg/mL (clinical cutoff). Median toxin A, toxin B, toxin A + B, and NAAT cycle threshold (Ct) values in CDI-NAAT and carrier-NAAT cohorts were similar (toxin A, 50.6 vs 60.0 pg/mL, P = .958; toxin B, 89.5 vs 42.3 pg/mL, P = .788; toxin A + B, 197.2 vs 137.3 pg/mL, P = .766; Ct, 28.1 vs 28.6, P = .354). However, when CDI/carrier cohorts were limited to those with detectable toxin, respective medians were significantly different (A: 874.0 vs 129.7, P = .021; B: 1317.0 vs 81.7, P = .003, A + B, 4180.7 vs 349.6, P = .004; Ct, 25.8 vs 27.7, P = .015). Conclusions Toxin concentration did not differentiate an individual with CDI from one with asymptomatic carriage. Median stool toxin concentrations in groups with CDI vs carriage differed, but only when groups were defined by detectable stool toxin (vs positive NAAT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nira R Pollock
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Massachusetts
| | | | - Xinhua Chen
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - David Williams
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Massachusetts
| | - Hua Xu
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - Christine A Cuddemi
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - Alice X Cui
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - Matthew Perrotta
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - Eaman Alhassan
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | | | | | | | - Ciaran P Kelly
- Divisions of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
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Freedman HG, Williams H, Miller MA, Birtwell D, Mowery DL, Stoeckert CJ. A novel tool for standardizing clinical data in a semantically rich model. J Biomed Inform 2020; 112S:100086. [PMID: 34417005 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjbinx.2020.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Standardizing clinical information in a semantically rich data model is useful for promoting interoperability and facilitating high quality research. Semantic Web technologies such as Resource Description Framework can be utilized to their full potential when a model accurately reflects the semantics of the clinical situation it describes. To this end, ontologies that abide by sound organizational principles can be used as the building blocks of a semantically rich model for the storage of clinical data. However, it is a challenge to programmatically define such a model and load data from disparate sources. The PennTURBO Semantic Engine is a tool developed at the University of Pennsylvania that transforms concise RDF data into a source-independent, semantically rich model. This system sources classes from an application ontology and specifically defines how instances of those classes may relate to each other. Additionally, the system defines and executes RDF data transformations by launching dynamically generated SPARQL update statements. The Semantic Engine was designed as a generalizable data standardization tool, and is able to work with various data models and incoming data sources. Its human-readable configuration files can easily be shared between institutions, providing the basis for collaboration on a standard data model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden G Freedman
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Heather Williams
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Mark A Miller
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - David Birtwell
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Danielle L Mowery
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Christian J Stoeckert
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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25
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Galey MM, Miller MA, Lanuza M, Prabhakar S, Nicholas CP. Understanding the impact of one-dimensional pore containing 10MR and 12MR and aluminium content on MTH reaction pathways: direct synthesis of heteroatom containing UZM-55. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01810g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We directly synthesized one-dimensional zeolite UZM-55 as an aluminosilicate and catalyzed MTH to understand pore structure influence on catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Galey
- Exploratory Catalysis and Materials Research
- Honeywell UOP
- Des Plaines
- USA
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Exploratory Catalysis and Materials Research
- Honeywell UOP
- Des Plaines
- USA
| | - Mary Lanuza
- Exploratory Catalysis and Materials Research
- Honeywell UOP
- Des Plaines
- USA
| | - Sesh Prabhakar
- Materials Characterization Research
- Honeywell UOP
- Des Plaines
- USA
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26
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Mann KA, Miller MA, Amendola RL, Cyndari KI, Horton JA, Damron TA, Oest ME. Early Changes in Cement-Bone Fixation Using a Novel Rat Knee Replacement Model. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:2163-2171. [PMID: 31206747 PMCID: PMC6739174 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Trabecular resorption from interdigitated regions between cement and bone has been found in postmortem-retrieved knee replacements, but the viability of interdigitated bone, and the mechanism responsible for this bone loss is not known. In this work, a Sprague-Dawley (age 12 weeks) rat knee replacement model with an interdigitated cement-bone interface was developed. Morphological and cellular changes in the interdigitated region of the knee replacement over time (0, 2, 6, or 12 weeks) were determined for ovariectomy (OVX) and Sham OVX treatment groups. Interdigitated bone volume fraction (BV/TV) increased with time for Sham OVX (0.022 BV/TV/wk) and OVX (0.015 BV/TV/wk) group, but the rate of increase was greater for the Sham OVX group (p = 0.0064). Tissue mineral density followed a similar increase with time in the interdigitated regions. Trabecular resorption, when it did occur, started at the cement border with medullary-adjacent bone in the presence of osteoclasts. There was substantial loss of viable bone (~80% empty osteocyte lacunae) in the interdigitated regions. Pre-surgical fluorochrome labels remained in the interdigitated regions, and did not diminish with time, indicating that the bone was not remodeling. There was also some evidence of continued surface mineralization in the interdigitated region after cementing of the knee, but this diminished over time. Statement of clinical significance: Interdigitated bone with cement provides mechanical stability for success of knee replacements. Improved understanding of the fate of the interdigitated bone over time could lead to a better understanding of the loosening process and interventions to prevent loss of fixation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2163-2171, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Mann
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Richard L. Amendola
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Karen I. Cyndari
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Jason A. Horton
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Timothy A. Damron
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
| | - Megan E. Oest
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York
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27
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Ordway NR, Ash KJ, Miller MA, Mann KA, Hayashi K. A Biomechanical Comparison of Four Hip Arthroplasty Designs in a Canine Model. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019; 32:369-375. [PMID: 31140184 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1691836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro biomechanical protocol for canine cementless hip arthroplasty that represents physiological gait loading (compression and torsion) and to evaluate if three alternative implant designs improve fixation compared with the traditional collarless, tapered stem in the clinically challenging case of moderate canal flare index. STUDY DESIGN Twenty-four (six/group) laboratory-prepared canine constructs were tested using a simulated gait and overload (failure) protocol. Construct stiffness, failure load/displacement and migration were measured as outcome variables. RESULTS Simulated gait loading did not show any significant differences between implant types for peak displacement, peak rotation, torsional stiffness, subsidence or inducible displacement. The collared and collarless stem groups were stiffer in compression compared with the collarless with a lateral bolt and short-stem groups. Increasing the loading above simulated gait showed significant reductions in compressive and torsional stiffness for all implant constructs. Despite the reductions, the short-stem group showed significantly higher stiffness compared with the other three groups. CONCLUSION Peak failure loads (compressive and torsional) in this study were approximately four to seven times the simulated gait loading (430 N, 1.6 Nm) regardless of implant type and highlight the importance of limiting activity level (trotting, jumping) following hip replacement in the postoperative period and during the osseointegration of the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Ordway
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Kristian J Ash
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
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28
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Mowat JPS, Miller MA, Galey MM, Sinkler W, Prabhakar S, Xu L, Nicholas CL, Nicholas CP. A Complex Zeolite Containing Multiple Ring Sizes in a Single Channel: One-Dimensional Zeolite UZM-55. Chemistry 2018; 24:17779-17787. [PMID: 30246281 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Zeolites are porous aluminosilicate materials utilized in a variety of sorption, separation, and catalytic applications. The oil refining industry in particular has seen a number of significant advances due to the introduction of new technologies enabled by new zeolites. Of particular importance are zeolites with 10- or 12-membered ring pores, resulting in pore shapes and sizes appropriate for the interaction with small hydrocarbon molecules. Here, the synthesis of a new zeolite UZM-55 is reported and the idealized structure thereof is presented. The most complex structure solved to date, UZM-55 possesses a large triclinic unit cell containing 52 T-sites. The material uniquely contains both 10- and 12-membered ring pores in a single, undulating one-dimensional channel, the first example in a zeolitic material of multiple delimiting rings in a single channel. This discovery opens new opportunities in shape-selective adsorption and catalysis. Demonstrated here is the unique adsorption behavior of UZM-55, shown both experimentally and computationally to adsorb one nonane molecule per unit cell in a linear conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P S Mowat
- Advanced Characterization, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- Exploratory Materials and Catalysis Research, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Melissa M Galey
- Exploratory Materials and Catalysis Research, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Wharton Sinkler
- Advanced Characterization, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Sesh Prabhakar
- Advanced Characterization, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Lijun Xu
- Advanced Characterization, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Collette L Nicholas
- Advanced Characterization, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
| | - Christopher P Nicholas
- Exploratory Materials and Catalysis Research, Honeywell UOP, 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL, 60017, USA
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Abstract
Addressable self-assembly is the formation of a target structure from a set of unique molecular or colloidal building blocks, each of which occupies a defined location in the target. The requirement that each type of building block appears exactly once in each copy of the target introduces severe restrictions on the combinations of particles and on the pathways that lead to successful self-assembly. These restrictions can limit the efficiency of self-assembly and the final yield of the product. In particular, partially formed fragments may compete with each other if their compositions overlap, since they cannot be combined. Here, we introduce a "completability" algorithm to quantify competition between self-assembling fragments and use it to deduce general principles for suppressing the effects of fragment incompatibility in the self-assembly of small addressable clusters. Competition originates from loops in the bonding network of the target structure, but loops may be needed to provide structural rigidity and thermodynamic stability. An optimal compromise can be achieved by careful choice of bonding networks and by promoting semihierarchical pathways that rule out competition between early fragments. These concepts are illustrated in simulations of self-assembly in two contrasting addressable targets of 20 unique components each.
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30
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Wunderle KA, Chung MK, Rayadurgam S, Miller MA, Obuchowski NA, Lindsay BD. Occupational and patient radiation doses in a modern cardiac electrophysiology laboratory. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2018; 56:183-190. [PMID: 30280302 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-018-0462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Technological advancements have greatly expanded the field of cardiac electrophysiology, requiring greater demands on imaging systems and potentially delivering higher radiation doses to patients and operators. With little contemporary research on occupational and patient radiation risk in the electrophysiology laboratory, the aim of this study was to analyze radiation doses, including occupational fetal doses, over approximately the last decade. We benchmarked the occupational data to our patient radiation dose data to allow for comparison and to put into perspective the associated radiation risks. METHODS Occupational radiation dosimetry analyzed included data from an 11-year period for physicians, a 7-year period for nurses, and a 9-year period for fetal doses. Patient-related dose metrics over an 8-year period were also analyzed. RESULTS In the physician and nursing groups, there was a nearly 70% decrease in the average occupational radiation doses over the given periods. Within the electrophysiology department, the average fetal occupational doses were very low, close to 0 μSv. The average reference point air kerma per patient for all electrophysiology procedures decreased from nearly 600 mGy/procedure in 2010 to just over 100 mGy/procedure in 2017. CONCLUSIONS Patient and occupational radiation doses in our laboratories significantly decreased over the periods analyzed as a result of clinical and technical staff efforts as well as advances in imaging technology. The radiation-related risk to individuals working in our electrophysiology laboratories, including pregnant women, is very low. Data reported herein could be used by other institutions to evaluate their occupational and patient radiation safety practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Wunderle
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, 25900 Science Park Dr., AC211, Beachwood, OH, 44122, USA.
| | - Mina K Chung
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Radiation Safety, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bruce D Lindsay
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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31
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Thompson KE, Ray RM, Alli S, Ge W, Boler A, Shannon McCool W, Meena AS, Shukla PK, Rao R, Johnson LR, Miller MA, Tigyi GJ. Prevention and treatment of secretory diarrhea by the lysophosphatidic acid analog Rx100. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1056-1065. [PMID: 30253666 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218803349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT A critical barrier in treating diarrheal disease is easy-to-use effective treatments. Rx100 is a first in class, novel small molecule that has shown efficacy after both subcutaneous and oral administration in a mouse cholera-toxin- and Citrobacter rodentium infection-induced diarrhea models. Our findings indicate that Rx100 a metabolically stable analog of the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid blocks activation of CFTR-mediated secretion responsible for fluid discharge in secretory diarrhea. Rx100 represents a new treatment modality which does not directly block CFTR but attenuates its activation by bacterial toxins. Our results provide proof-of-principle that Rx100 can be developed for use as an effective oral or injectable easy-to-use drug for secretory diarrhea which could significantly improve care by eliminating the need for severely ill patients to regularly consume large quantities of oral rehydration therapies and offering options for pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Thompson
- 1 RxBio, Inc., Johnson City, TN 37604, USA.,*These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Ramesh M Ray
- 1 RxBio, Inc., Johnson City, TN 37604, USA.,*These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | | | - Wenbo Ge
- 1 RxBio, Inc., Johnson City, TN 37604, USA
| | | | | | - Avtar S Meena
- 2 Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Pradeep K Shukla
- 2 Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Radakrishna Rao
- 2 Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Leonard R Johnson
- 1 RxBio, Inc., Johnson City, TN 37604, USA.,2 Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- 3 Microbiology Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Gabor J Tigyi
- 1 RxBio, Inc., Johnson City, TN 37604, USA.,2 Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Abstract
SummaryThe plasmas of six patients with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin times were studied in detail. In five of the six, the Russell’s viper venom and prothrombin times were likewise prolonged. Five of the patients had documented systemic lupus erythematosus; one lacked the necessary criteria for this diagnosis. On quantitation, factor XI was decreased in all six; factors X and XII were diminished in five of the six. When tested for inhibitory activity, plasma from each of the patients prolonged the celite eluate inhibition test for factor XII and/or XI inhibition. In the formation of the Xa-V-phospholipid-Ca2+ complex (prothrombinase), factors X and Xa were inhibited to a greater degree than factor V or the phospholipid. Finally, each plasma was isofocused, the inhibitory fractions were identified and the clotting factor specificity of each inhibitory peak was determined.Fractions inhibitory against factors XI and XII isofocused with the IgG in each patient’s plasma. Based on the data presented from these six patients, the “lupus inhibitor” is in fact a heterogeneous collection of inhibitors directed against factors XII, XI and X rather than a homogeneous entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Coots
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U. S.A
| | - M A Miller
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U. S.A
| | - H I Glueck
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U. S.A
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33
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Finner SP, Kotsev MI, Miller MA, van der Schoot P. Continuum percolation of polydisperse rods in quadrupole fields: Theory and simulations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:034903. [PMID: 29352778 DOI: 10.1063/1.5010979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate percolation in mixtures of nanorods in the presence of external fields that align or disalign the particles with the field axis. Such conditions are found in the formulation and processing of nanocomposites, where the field may be electric, magnetic, or due to elongational flow. Our focus is on the effect of length polydispersity, which-in the absence of a field-is known to produce a percolation threshold that scales with the inverse weight average of the particle length. Using a model of non-interacting spherocylinders in conjunction with connectedness percolation theory, we show that a quadrupolar field always increases the percolation threshold and that the universal scaling with the inverse weight average no longer holds if the field couples to the particle length. Instead, the percolation threshold becomes a function of higher moments of the length distribution, where the order of the relevant moments crucially depends on the strength and type of field applied. The theoretical predictions compare well with the results of our Monte Carlo simulations, which eliminate finite size effects by exploiting the fact that the universal scaling of the wrapping probability function holds even in anisotropic systems. Theory and simulation demonstrate that the percolation threshold of a polydisperse mixture can be lower than that of the individual components, confirming recent work based on a mapping onto a Bethe lattice as well as earlier computer simulations involving dipole fields. Our work shows how the formulation of nanocomposites may be used to compensate for the adverse effects of aligning fields that are inevitable under practical manufacturing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari P Finner
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mihail I Kotsev
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul van der Schoot
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 3500 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack O. Law
- Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Alex G. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, UK
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35
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Clarke C, Cooper D, Goosen WJ, McFadyen R, Warren RM, van Helden PD, Parsons SDC, Miller MA. Antigen-specific interferon-gamma release is decreased following the single intradermal comparative cervical skin test in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 201:12-15. [PMID: 29914675 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Effective disease management of wildlife relies on the strategic application of ante-mortem diagnostic tests for early identification and removal of M. bovis-infected animals. To improve diagnostic performance, interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are often used in conjunction with the tuberculin skin test (TST). Since buffaloes are major maintenance hosts of M. bovis, optimal application of bovine TB diagnostic tests are especially important. We aimed to determine whether the timing of blood collection relative to the TST has an influence on IFN-γ production and diagnostic outcome in African buffaloes. Release of IFN-γ in response to bovine purified protein derivative (PPD), avian PPD and PC-HP® and PC-EC® peptides was measured by Bovigam® and an in-house IGRA in a group of Bovigam®-positive and - negative buffaloes at the time the TST was performed and three days later. There was significantly lower IFN-γ release in response to these antigens post-TST in Bovigam®-positive buffaloes, but no significant changes in Bovigam®-negative buffaloes. Also, a significantly greater proportion of buffaloes were Bovigam®-positive prior to the TST than three days later. We therefore recommend that blood samples for use in IGRAs be collected prior to or at the time the TST is performed to facilitate the correct identification of greater numbers of IGRA-positive buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Clarke
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - D Cooper
- Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, P.O. Box 25, Mtubatuba, 3935, South Africa
| | - W J Goosen
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - R McFadyen
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - R M Warren
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - P D van Helden
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - S D C Parsons
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - M A Miller
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research/Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
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DuPont CM, Hasler BP, Miller MA, Longinotti S, Fletcher ME, Roecklein KA. 0049 The Role Of Environmental Light Exposure And Circadian Phase In Seasonal Affective Disorder. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C M DuPont
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - B P Hasler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - M A Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - S Longinotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - M E Fletcher
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - K A Roecklein
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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37
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Leung V, Vincent C, Edens TJ, Miller MA, Manges AR. Reply to Davido et al. Clin Infect Dis 2018; 66:1317-1318. [PMID: 29272397 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Caroline Vincent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | | | - Mark A Miller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Amee R Manges
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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38
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Roos EO, Olea-Popelka F, Buss P, de Klerk-Lorist LM, Cooper D, van Helden PD, Parsons SDC, Miller MA. Seroprevalence of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) in bovine tuberculosis-endemic regions of South Africa. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018. [PMID: 29520985 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), has been reported in many species including suids. Wild boar are important maintenance hosts of the infection with other suids, that is domestic and feral pigs, being important spillover hosts in the Eurasian ecosystem and in South Africa, warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) may play a similar role in M. bovis-endemic areas. However, novel diagnostic tests for warthogs are required to investigate the epidemiology of bTB in this species. Recent studies have demonstrated that serological assays are capable of discriminating between M. bovis-infected and uninfected warthogs (Roos et al., ). In this study, an indirect ELISA utilizing M. bovis purified protein derivative (PPD) as a test antigen was used to measure the prevalence and investigate risk factors associated with infection in warthogs from uMhkuze Nature Reserve and the southern region of the Greater Kruger National Park (GKNP). There was a high overall seroprevalence of 38%, with adult warthogs having a higher risk of infection (46%). Seroprevalence also varied by geographic location with warthogs from Marloth Park in the GKNP having the greatest percentage of positive animals (63%). This study indicates that warthogs in M. bovis-endemic areas are at high risk of becoming infected with mycobacteria. Warthogs might present an under-recognized disease threat in multi-species systems. They might also serve as convenient sentinels for M. bovis in endemic areas. These findings highlight the importance of epidemiological studies in wildlife to understand the role each species plays in disease ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Roos
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F Olea-Popelka
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - P Buss
- Veterinary Wildlife Services, South African National Parks, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, South Africa
| | - L-M de Klerk-Lorist
- Office of the State Veterinarian, Kruger National Park, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Skukuza, South Africa
| | - D Cooper
- Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Mtubatuba, South Africa
| | - P D van Helden
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S D C Parsons
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M A Miller
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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39
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Goodheart JR, Miller MA, Oest ME, Mann KA. Trabecular resorption patterns of cement-bone interlock regions in total knee replacements. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2773-2780. [PMID: 28452065 PMCID: PMC5659954 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED With in vivo service, there is loss of mechanical interlock between trabeculae and PMMA cement in total knee replacements. The mechanisms responsible for the loss of interlock are not known, but loss of interlock results in weaker cement-bone interfaces. The goal of this study was to determine the pattern of resorption of interdigitated bone using a series of 20 postmortem retrieved knee replacements with a wide range of time in service (3-22 years). MicroCT scans were obtained of a segment of the cement-bone interface below the tibial tray for each implant. Image processing methods were used to determine interface morphology and to identify supporting, interdigitated, resorbed, and isolated bone as a function of axial position. Overall, the amount of remaining interdigitated bone decreased with time in service (p = 0.0114). The distance from the cement border (at the extent of cement penetration into the bone bed) to 50% of the interdigitated volume decreased with time in service (p = 0.039). Isolated bone, when present, was located deep in the cement layer. Overall, resorption appears to start at the cement border and progresses into the cement layer. Initiation of trabecular resorption near the cement border may be a consequence of proximity to osteoclastic cells in the adjacent marrow space. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Aseptic loosening of joint replacements remains an important clinical problem. This work explores the process and pattern of trabecular bone resorption responsible for loss of interface fixation. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2773-2780, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn R. Goodheart
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, 3216 IHP, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, 3216 IHP, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Megan E. Oest
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, 3216 IHP, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, 3216 IHP, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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40
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Rosen LE, Hanyire TG, Dawson J, Foggin CM, Michel AL, Huyvaert KP, Miller MA, Olea-Popelka FJ. Tuberculosis serosurveillance and management practices of captive African elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65:e344-e354. [PMID: 29143466 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transfrontier conservation areas represent an international effort to encourage conservation and sustainable development. Their success faces a number of challenges, including disease management in wildlife, livestock and humans. Tuberculosis (TB) affects humans and a multitude of non-human animal species and is of particular concern in sub-Saharan Africa. The Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area encompasses five countries, including Zimbabwe, and is home to the largest contiguous population of free-ranging elephants in Africa. Elephants are known to be susceptible to TB; thus, understanding TB status, exposure and transmission risks to and from elephants in this area is of interest for both conservation and human health. To assess risk factors for TB seroprevalence, a questionnaire was used to collect data regarding elephant management at four ecotourism facilities offering elephant-back tourist rides in the Victoria Falls area of Zimbabwe. Thirty-five working African elephants were screened for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex antibodies using the ElephantTB Stat-Pak and the DPP VetTB Assay for elephants. Six of 35 elephants (17.1%) were seropositive. The risk factor most important for seropositive status was time in captivity. This is the first study to assess TB seroprevalence and risk factors in working African elephants in their home range. Our findings will provide a foundation to develop guidelines to protect the health of captive and free-ranging elephants in the southern African context, as well as elephant handlers through simple interventions. Minimizing exposure through shared feed with other wildlife, routine TB testing of elephant handlers and regular serological screening of elephants are recommended as preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Rosen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - T G Hanyire
- Wildlife Veterinary Unit, Department of Livestock and Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Mechanisation and Irrigation, Harare, Zimbabwe.,Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J Dawson
- Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
| | - C M Foggin
- Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
| | - A L Michel
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K P Huyvaert
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - M A Miller
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F J Olea-Popelka
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Applied Veterinary Epidemiology Research Group, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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41
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Abstract
Addressable structures are characterised by the set of unique components from which they are built and by the specific location that each component occupies. For an addressable structure to self-assemble, its constituent building blocks must be encoded with sufficient information to define their positions with respect to each other and to enable them to navigate to those positions. DNA, with its vast scope for encoding specific interactions, has been successfully used to synthesise addressable systems of several hundred components. In this work we examine the complementary question of the minimal requirements for building blocks to undergo addressable self-assembly driven by a controlled temperature quench. Our testbed is an idealised model of cubic particles patterned with attractive interactions. We introduce a scheme for optimising the interactions using a variant of basin-hopping and a negative design principle. The designed building blocks are tested dynamically in simple target structures to establish how their complexity affects the limits of reliable self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Madge
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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42
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Salmon OE, Shepson PB, Ren X, Marquardt Collow AB, Miller MA, Carlton AG, Cambaliza MOL, Heimburger A, Morgan KL, Fuentes JD, Stirm BH, Grundman R, Dickerson RR. Urban Emissions of Water Vapor in Winter. J Geophys Res Atmos 2017; 122:9467-9484. [PMID: 29308343 PMCID: PMC5749933 DOI: 10.1002/2016jd026074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated water vapor (H2Ov) mole fractions were occassionally observed downwind of Indianapolis, IN, and the Washington, D.C.-Baltimore, MD, area during airborne mass balance experiments conducted during winter months between 2012 and 2015. On days when an urban H2Ov excess signal was observed, H2Ov emissions estimates range between 1.6 × 104 and 1.7 × 105 kg s-1, and account for up to 8.4% of the total (background + urban excess) advected flow of atmospheric boundary layer H2Ov from the urban study sites. Estimates of H2Ov emissions from combustion sources and electricity generation facility cooling towers are 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than the urban H2Ov emission rates estimated from observations. Instances of urban H2Ov enhancement could be a result of differences in snowmelt and evaporation rates within the urban area, due in part to larger wintertime anthropogenic heat flux and land cover differences, relative to surrounding rural areas. More study is needed to understand why the urban H2Ov excess signal is observed on some days, and not others. Radiative transfer modeling indicates that the observed urban enhancements in H2Ov and other greenhouse gas mole fractions contribute only 0.1°C day-1 to the urban heat island at the surface. This integrated warming through the boundary layer is offset by longwave cooling by H2Ov at the top of the boundary layer. While the radiative impacts of urban H2Ov emissions do not meaningfully influence urban heat island intensity, urban H2Ov emissions may have the potential to alter downwind aerosol and cloud properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia E. Salmon
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul B. Shepson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Xinrong Ren
- Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison B. Marquardt Collow
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, Maryland, USA
- NASA/GSFC Code 610.1, Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Maria O. L. Cambaliza
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Now at the Department of Physics, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Alexie Heimburger
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Kristan L. Morgan
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences and Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jose D. Fuentes
- Department of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian H. Stirm
- School of Aviation and Transportation Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert Grundman
- School of Aviation and Transportation Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Russell R. Dickerson
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Cyndari KI, Goodheart JR, Miller MA, Oest ME, Damron TA, Mann KA. Peri-Implant Distribution of Polyethylene Debris in Postmortem-Retrieved Knee Arthroplasties: Can Polyethylene Debris Explain Loss of Cement-Bone Interlock in Successful Total Knee Arthroplasties? J Arthroplasty 2017; 32:2289-2300. [PMID: 28285038 PMCID: PMC5469692 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of mechanical interlock between cement and bone with in vivo service has been recently quantified for functioning, nonrevised, cemented total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). The cause of interlocking trabecular resorption is not known. The goal of this study is to quantify the distribution of PE debris at the cement-bone interface and determine if polyethylene (PE) debris is locally associated with loss of interlock. METHODS Fresh, nonrevised, postmortem-retrieved TKAs (n = 8) were obtained en bloc. Laboratory-prepared constructs (n = 2) served as negative controls. The intact cement-bone interface of each proximal tibia was embedded in Spurr's resin, sectioned, and imaged under polarized light to identify birefringent PE particles. PE wear particle number density was quantified at the cement-bone interface and distal to the interface, and then compared with local loss of cement-bone interlock. RESULTS The average PE particle number density for postmortem-retrieved TKAs ranged from 8.6 (1.3) to 24.9 (3.1) particles/mm2 (standard error) but was weakly correlated with years in service. The average particle number density was twice as high as distal (>5mm) to the interface compared to at the interface. The local loss of interlock at the interface was not related to the presence, absence, or particle density of PE. CONCLUSION PE debris can migrate extensively along the cement-bone interface of well-fixed tibial components. However, the amount of local bone loss at the cement-bone interface was not correlated with the amount of PE debris at the interface, suggesting that the observed loss of trabecular interlock in these well-fixed TKAs may be due to alternative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen I Cyndari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Jacklyn R Goodheart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Megan E Oest
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Timothy A Damron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
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44
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Carbone I, White JB, Miadlikowska J, Arnold AE, Miller MA, Kauff F, U'Ren JM, May G, Lutzoni F. T-BAS: Tree-Based Alignment Selector toolkit for phylogenetic-based placement, alignment downloads and metadata visualization: an example with the Pezizomycotina tree of life. Bioinformatics 2017; 33:1160-1168. [PMID: 28003260 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation High-quality phylogenetic placement of sequence data has the potential to greatly accelerate studies of the diversity, systematics, ecology and functional biology of diverse groups. We developed the Tree-Based Alignment Selector (T-BAS) toolkit to allow evolutionary placement and visualization of diverse DNA sequences representing unknown taxa within a robust phylogenetic context, and to permit the downloading of highly curated, single- and multi-locus alignments for specific clades. Results In its initial form, T-BAS v1.0 uses a core phylogeny of 979 taxa (including 23 outgroup taxa, as well as 61 orders, 175 families and 496 genera) representing all 13 classes of largest subphylum of Fungi-Pezizomycotina (Ascomycota)-based on sequence alignments for six loci (nr5.8S, nrLSU, nrSSU, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 ). T-BAS v1.0 has three main uses: (i) Users may download alignments and voucher tables for members of the Pezizomycotina directly from the reference tree, facilitating systematics studies of focal clades. (ii) Users may upload sequence files with reads representing unknown taxa and place these on the phylogeny using either BLAST or phylogeny-based approaches, and then use the displayed tree to select reference taxa to include when downloading alignments. The placement of unknowns can be performed for large numbers of Sanger sequences obtained from fungal cultures and for alignable, short reads of environmental amplicons. (iii) User-customizable metadata can be visualized on the tree. Availability and Implementation T-BAS Version 1.0 is available online at http://tbas.hpc.ncsu.edu . Registration is required to access the CIPRES Science Gateway and NSF XSEDE's large computational resources. Contact icarbon@ncsu.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Carbone
- Center for Integrated Fungal Research, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - James B White
- Center for Integrated Fungal Research, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | | | - A Elizabeth Arnold
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Frank Kauff
- Department of Medicine, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jana M U'Ren
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Georgiana May
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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45
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Rubens SL, Miller MA, Zeringue MM. 0058 THE INFLUENCE OF THE SLEEP ENVIRONMENT ON EXTERNALIZING BEHAVIORS IN AT-RISK ADOLESCENTS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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46
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DuPont CM, Miller MA, Hasler BP, Roecklein KA. 0717 THE ROLE OF LIGHT AND PHASE OF ENTRAINMENT IN SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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47
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Chowell G, Simonsen L, Fuentes R, Flores J, Miller MA, Viboud C. Severe mortality impact of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2017; 11:230-239. [PMID: 27883281 PMCID: PMC5410718 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epidemiological studies of the 1957 influenza pandemic are scarce, particularly from lower‐income settings. Methods We analyzed the spatial–temporal mortality patterns of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile, including detailed age‐specific mortality data from a large city, and investigated risk factors for severe mortality impact across regions. Results Chile exhibited two waves of excess mortality in winter 1957 and 1959 with a cumulative excess mortality rate of 12 per 10 000, and a ~10‐fold mortality difference across provinces. High excess mortality rates were associated with high baseline mortality (R2=41.8%; P=.02), but not with latitude (P>.7). Excess mortality rates increased sharply with age. Transmissibility declined from R=1.4‐2.1 to R=1.2‐1.4 between the two pandemic waves. Conclusions The estimated A/H2N2 mortality burden in Chile is the highest on record for this pandemic—about three to five times as severe as that experienced in wealthier nations. The global impact of this pandemic may be substantially underestimated from previous studies based on high‐income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Chowell
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lone Simonsen
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jose Flores
- The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.,Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mark A Miller
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cécile Viboud
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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48
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Srinivasan P, Miller MA, Verdonschot N, Mann KA, Janssen D. A modelling approach demonstrating micromechanical changes in the tibial cemented interface due to in vivo service. J Biomech 2017; 56:19-25. [PMID: 28285748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Post-operative changes in trabecular bone morphology at the cement-bone interface can vary depending on time in service. This study aims to investigate how micromotion and bone strains change at the tibial bone-cement interface before and after cementation. This work discusses whether the morphology of the post-mortem interface can be explained by studying changes in these mechanical quantities. Three post-mortem cement-bone interface specimens showing varying levels of bone resorption (minimal, extensive and intermediate) were selected for this study Using image segmentation techniques, masks of the post-mortem bone were dilated to fill up the mould spaces in the cement to obtain the immediately post-operative situation. Finite element (FE) models of the post-mortem and post-operative situation were created from these segmentation masks. Subsequent removal of the cement layer resulted in the pre-operative situation. FE micromotion and bone strains were analyzed for the interdigitated trabecular bone. For all specimens micromotion increased from the post-operative to the post-mortem models (distally, in specimen 1: 0.1 to 0.5µm; specimen 2: 0.2 to 0.8µm; specimen 3: 0.27 to 1.62µm). Similarly bone strains were shown to increase from post-operative to post-mortem (distally, in specimen 1: -185 to -389µε; specimen 2: -170 to -824µε; specimen 3: -216 to -1024µε). Post-mortem interdigitated bone was found to be strain shielded in comparison with supporting bone indicating that failure of bone would occur distal to the interface. These results indicate that stress shielding of interdigitated trabeculae is a plausible explanation for resorption patterns observed in post-mortem specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Srinivasan
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nico Verdonschot
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; University of Twente, Laboratory for Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Janssen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hoest C, Seidman JC, Lee G, Platts-Mills JA, Ali A, Olortegui MP, Bessong P, Chandyo R, Babji S, Mohan VR, Mondal D, Mahfuz M, Mduma ER, Nyathi E, Abreu C, Miller MA, Pan W, Mason CJ, Knobler SL. Vaccine coverage and adherence to EPI schedules in eight resource poor settings in the MAL-ED cohort study. Vaccine 2017; 35:443-451. [PMID: 27998640 PMCID: PMC5244255 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Launched in 1974, the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is estimated to prevent two-three million deaths annually from polio, diphtheria, tuberculosis, pertussis, measles, and tetanus. Additional lives could be saved through better understanding what influences adherence to the EPI schedule in specific settings. METHODS The Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) study followed cohorts in eight sites in South Asia, Africa, and South America and monitored vaccine receipt over the first two years of life for the children enrolled in the study. Vaccination histories were obtained monthly from vaccination cards, local clinic records and/or caregiver reports. Vaccination histories were compared against the prescribed EPI schedules for each country, and coverage rates were examined in relation to the timing of vaccination. The influence of socioeconomic factors on vaccine timing and coverage was also considered. RESULTS Coverage rates for EPI vaccines varied between sites and by type of vaccine; overall, coverage was highest in the Nepal and Bangladesh sites and lowest in the Tanzania and Brazil sites. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin coverage was high across all sites, 87-100%, whereas measles vaccination rates ranged widely, 73-100%. Significant delays between the scheduled administration age and actual vaccination date were present in all sites, especially for measles vaccine where less than 40% were administered on schedule. A range of socioeconomic factors were significantly associated with vaccination status in study children but these results were largely site-specific. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need to improve measles vaccination rates and reduce delayed vaccination to achieve EPI targets related to the establishment of herd immunity and reduction in disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Hoest
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies of Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jessica C Seidman
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies of Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gwenyth Lee
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James A Platts-Mills
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801340, 345 Crispell Drive, Carter Harrison Building, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Asad Ali
- Aga Khan University, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maribel Paredes Olortegui
- Asociaciόn Benéfica Proyectos de Informática, Salud, Medicina, y Agricultura (A.B. PRISMA), Ramirez Hurtado 622, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Pascal Bessong
- HIV/AIDS and Global Health Research Programme, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ram Chandyo
- Department of Child Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Katmandu, Nepal; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sudhir Babji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences/Department of Community Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India
| | - Venkata Raghava Mohan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences/Department of Community Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India
| | - Dinesh Mondal
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre For Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mustafa Mahfuz
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre For Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Estomih R Mduma
- Haydom Lutheran Hospital, POB 9041, Haydom, Manyara Region, Tanzania
| | - Emanuel Nyathi
- HIV/AIDS and Global Health Research Programme, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Claudia Abreu
- Instituto de Biomedicina, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, CEP: 60.430-270 - C.P. 3229 - Porangabussu, Fortaleza Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mark A Miller
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies of Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William Pan
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy and the Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carl J Mason
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stacey L Knobler
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies of Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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50
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Walner DL, Heffelfinger SC, Stern Y, Abrams MJ, Miller MA, Cotton RT. Potential Role of Growth Factors and Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing after Laryngotracheal Reconstruction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 122:363-6. [PMID: 10699811 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-5998(00)70049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) has been used for more than 20 years to treat infants and children with subglottic stenosis. Results after pediatric LTR have been satisfactory; however, approximately 10% of children have recurrent airway narrowing after LTR. The purpose of our study was to determine whether a correlation existed between specific growth factors and extracellular matrix in patients with adequate wound healing capability as compared with patients with poor wound healing capability. Histologic sections from 27 patients who underwent LTR were cut, and immunohistochemical staining was performed for transforming growth factor-β, platelet-derived growth factor, fibronectin, tenascin, transforming growth factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Results showed that patients with adequate wound healing capability had a positive correlation with vasculature fibronectin, vasculature tenascin, and stromal fibronectin. Patients with poor wound healing capability had a positive correlation with stromal vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Walner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Bronchoesophagology, Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes Medical Center, and Lutheran General Children's Hospital Park Ridge, IL, USA
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