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Sekhar H, Dyer M, Khan M, Mitchell PJ, West NP, Moug S, Vimalachandran D. SF-CORNER (splenic flexure colorectal cancer): an international survey of operative approaches and outcomes for cancers of the splenic flexure. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:660-668. [PMID: 38345176 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM The optimum surgical approach to splenic flexure cancers (SFCs) remains uncertain. The aim of this survey was to explore the opinions of an international surgical community on the management and outcomes of SFC. METHOD A questionnaire was constructed comprising five sections (information about respondents; definition and prognosis of SFC; operative approach; approach in specific scenarios; outcomes) and circulated through an international dissemination committee and social media. RESULTS The survey received 576 responses over 4 weeks across 50 countries. There was no consensus regarding the definition of the splenic flexure, whilst the proportion of respondents who did and did not think that patients with SFC had a worse outcome was equal. The overall preferred operative approach was left hemicolectomy [203 (35.2%)], followed by segmental resection [167 (29%)], extended right hemicolectomy [126 (21.9%)] and subtotal colectomy [7 (12%)]. The stated pedicles for ligation varied between resection types and also within the same resection. One hundred and sixty-six (28.8%) respondents thought a segmental resection was associated with the worst survival and 190 (33%) thought it was associated with the best quality of life. CONCLUSION This survey confirms a lack of consensus across all aspects SFC treatment. The differing approaches described are likely to represent different beliefs around the variable anatomy of this region and the associated lymphatic drainage. Future studies are required to address such inconsistencies and identify the optimum surgical strategy, whilst also incorporating quality-of-life metrics and patient-reported outcomes. A one-size-fits-all approach is probably not appropriate with SFC, and a more bespoke approach is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sekhar
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Dyer
- Foundation trainee, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - M Khan
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - P J Mitchell
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - N P West
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S Moug
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Vimalachandran
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK
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Escudier B, Motzer R, Dyer M, May J, Ejzykowicz F, Kurt M, Lee CW, Wang P, Testa E, Sharpe D, George S, Tannir N. 1459P Analysis of long-term efficacy outcomes from the CheckMate 025 (CM 025) trial comparing nivolumab (NIVO) vs everolimus (EVE) based on ≥ 7 years (yrs) of follow-up in pre-treated patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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3
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Cheema P, Heeg B, Dyer M, Wu YL, John T, Shepherd F, de Marinis F, Melosky B, Samson B, Moldaver D, Shaw S, Miranda M, Verhoek A. 1165P Modelling long-term survival outcomes in patients with stage (stg) IB–IIIA EGFR-mutated NSCLC from the ADAURA trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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4
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Dreval K, Thomas N, Gerhard DS, Hilton LK, Wong J, Abramson JS, Bartlett NL, Bethony J, Bowen J, Bryan AC, Casper C, Dyer M, Gastier‐Foster JM, Grande BM, Greiner T, Griner NB, Gross TG, Harris NL, Irvin JD, Jaffe E, Leal F, Martin JP, Martin M, Mbulaiteye SM, Mullighan CG, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Namirembe C, Noy A, Ogwang MD, Orem J, Petrello H, Reynolds SJ, Swerdlow SH, Traverse‐Glehen A, Wilson WH, Marra MA, Staudt LM, Scott DW, Morin RD. COPY NUMBER VARIATION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES DISTINCT GENOMIC FEATURES IN ADULT BURKITT LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.67_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Dyer J, Dyer M, Djemame K. Order-preserving encryption using approximate common divisors. Journal of Information Security and Applications 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jisa.2019.102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Qureshi M, Dyer M, Mak K, Truong M. Social Determinants of Health and Clinicopathological Characteristics Impacting Survival in Laryngeal Cancer Patients: An Analysis By Hospital Safety-Net Burden. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang X, Dyer M, Tsutsumi Y, Langner U, Qureshi M, Keohan S, Truong M. Clinical Outcomes for Benign Intracranial Tumors Treated with Stereotactic Radiotherapy (5 Gy x 5). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhang X, Morrill S, Yan Y, Langner U, Dyer M, Griffin R, Yu S, Penagaricano J. VMAT-Based Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy (GRID) for Bulky Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Samaniego F, Hollebecque A, Foss F, Lister J, Mita M, Wagner-Johnston N, Dyer M, You B, Prica A, Hernandez-Llizaliturri F, Ferraldeschi R, Chan D, Zhang J, Mehta A. PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF ASTX660, A NOVEL NON-PEPTIDOMIMETIC cIAP1/2 AND XIAP ANTAGONIST, IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMA AND CUTANEOUS T CELL LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.211_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Samaniego
- Lymphoma & Myeloma; UT MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston United States
| | - A. Hollebecque
- Early Drug Development (DITEP) Gastro-Intestinal Oncology; Institute Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
| | - F. Foss
- Internal Medicine; Hematology, Yale Cancer Center; New Haven United States
| | - J. Lister
- Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy; Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute; Pittsburgh United States
| | - M. Mita
- Experimental Therapeutics; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Los Angeles United States
| | | | - M. Dyer
- Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute; University of Leicester; Leicester United Kingdom
| | - B. You
- Medical Oncology; Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud; Pierre Benite France
| | - A. Prica
- Hematology; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - R. Ferraldeschi
- Clinical Development; Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Pleasanton United States
| | - D. Chan
- Clinical Development; Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Pleasanton United States
| | - J. Zhang
- Clinical Development; Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Pleasanton United States
| | - A. Mehta
- Hematology and Oncology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham United States
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Hoskins P, Ecclestone A, Hurry M, Dyer M. Cascade BRCA germline mutation (BGM) testing of women with breast (BC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and their families with subsequent risk reducing surgery (RRS): A Canadian economics model. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy297.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hoskins P, Eccleston A, Hurry M, Dyer M. The economics of prevention in the BRCA mutation carrier: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) prevention by risk-reducing surgery (RRS) is cost effective compared to treatment upon cancer development. Gynecol Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Kuriyama K, Enomoto Y, Suzuki R, Watanuki J, Hosoi H, Yamashita Y, Murata S, Mushino T, Tamura S, Hanaoka N, Dyer M, Siebert R, Kiyonari H, Nakakuma H, Kitamura T, Sonoki T. Enforced expression of MIR142, a target of chromosome translocation in human B-cell tumors, results in B-cell depletion. Int J Hematol 2017; 107:345-354. [PMID: 29071477 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-017-2360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA142 (MIR142) is a target of chromosome translocations and mutations in human B-cell lymphomas. We analyzed an aggressive B-cell lymphoma carrying t(8;17)(q24;q22) and t(6;14)(p21;q32), and sought to explore the role(s) of MIR142 in lymphomagenesis. t(8;17)(q24;q22) involved MYC on 8q24 and pri-MIR142 on 17q22. MYC was activated by a promoter substitution by t(8;17)(q24;q22). t(8;17)(q24;q22) was an additional event after t(6;14) (p21;q32), which caused the over-expression of CCND3. Southern blot analyses revealed that the MIR142 locus was deleted from the affected allele, whereas Northern analyses showed over-expression of MIR142 in tumor cells. Although previous studies reported an over-expression of mutations in MIR142 in B-cell lymphomas, limited information is available on the functions of MIR142 in lymphomagenesis. Therefore, we generated bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and transgenic (Eμ/mir142) mice, which showed enforced expression in hematopoietic progenitor cells and B cells, respectively. BMT mice showed decreased numbers of all lineage-positive cells, particularly B cells, in peripheral blood. Eμ/mir142 mice showed decreased numbers of IgM-positive splenocytes, and exhibited altered B-cell phenotypic changes induced by lipopolysaccharide. Our results suggest that over-expression of MIR142 alters B-cell differentiation, implying multi-step lymphomagenesis together with MYC activation and CCND3 over-expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Kuriyama
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Enomoto
- Division of Cellular Therapy and Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Ritsuro Suzuki
- Hematology and Oncology, Shimane Medical University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Jyuri Watanuki
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hosoi
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamashita
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shogo Murata
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mushino
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hanaoka
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Martin Dyer
- Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, Leicester Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Animal Resource Development Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan.,Genetic Engineering Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakakuma
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy and Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sonoki
- Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimi-idera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
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13
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Beezhold J, Mosa G, Pandey A, Pandey S, Dyer M, Kitromilidou C. The Impact of Change in the 2007 English Law on Mental Health Act Detentions. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe Mental Health Act (MHA) 2007 made some significant changes from the Mental Health Act 1983, including the fact that detention is now only allowed if an appropriate medical treatment is available to the patient at the time [1]. There was considerable concern at the time that the 2007 Act would lead to an increase in detentions.ObjectiveThe primary objective is to assess how the change in the English law with the MHA 2007 has affected the number of detentions under the MHA.MethodsA retrospective, observational and noninterventional study used anonymised and routinely collected data regarding 11,509 people who were formally assessed under the Mental Health Act during the period of 2001–2011 in the county of Norfolk. This included 7885 assessments before the 2007 MHA and 3620 done after implementation.ResultsThe proportion of people detained following assessment decreased from 53.2% before the 2007 MHA to 42.9% after implementation (P = .000). The total proportion of patients admitted (whether informally or detained) also decreased from 63.3% before the 2007 MHA to 52.8% thereafter (P = .000).ConclusionThese results show a significant decrease in the rate of detentions under the MHA since the 2007 Act became law.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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14
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Manfroi B, McKee T, Mayol JF, Tabruyn S, Moret S, Villiers C, Righini C, Dyer M, Callanan M, Schneider P, Tzankov A, Matthes T, Sturm N, Huard B. CXCL-8/IL8 Produced by Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas Recruits Neutrophils Expressing a Proliferation-Inducing Ligand APRIL. Cancer Res 2016; 77:1097-1107. [PMID: 27923834 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils have been implicated in malignant development and progression, but mechanisms are ill defined. Neutrophils produce a proliferation-inducing ligand APRIL/TNFSF13, a factor that promotes development of tumors from diverse origins, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). High APRIL expression in DLBCL correlates with reduced patient survival, but the pathway(s) dictating APRIL expression are not known. Here, we show that all blood neutrophils constitutively secrete APRIL, and inflammation-associated stimuli, such as TNF, further upregulate APRIL. In a significant fraction of DLBCL patients, tumor cells constitutively produced the ELC-CXC chemokine CXCL-8 (IL8), enabling them to recruit APRIL-producing blood neutrophils. CXCL-8 production in DLBCL was unrelated to the cell of origin, as APRIL-producing neutrophils infiltrated CXCL-8+ DLBCL from both germinal center (GC) and non-GC subtypes. Rather, CXCL-8 production implied events affecting DNA methylation and acetylation. Overall, our results showed that chemokine-mediated recruitment of neutrophils secreting the tumor-promoting factor APRIL mediates DLBCL progression. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1097-107. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Manfroi
- Albert Bonniot Institute, INSERM U1209/University Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Thomas McKee
- Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sebastien Moret
- Department of Pathology-Immunology, Geneva University Medical Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Villiers
- Albert Bonniot Institute, INSERM U1209/University Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Christian Righini
- Head and Neck Department, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | - Martin Dyer
- Ernest and Helen Scott Hematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Callanan
- Albert Bonniot Institute, INSERM U1209/University Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Matthes
- Hematology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Albert Bonniot Institute, INSERM U1209/University Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France.,Department of Anatomy and Cytopathology, University Hospital of Grenoble, La Tronche, France
| | - Bertrand Huard
- Albert Bonniot Institute, INSERM U1209/University Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France.
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Dyer M, Vereecken W, Worrall J, George A, Rahman N. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Testing for Brca Mutations in Women Diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer and their Female First-Degree Relatives: A Uk Health Service Perspective. Value Health 2014; 17:A643-A644. [PMID: 27202307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- AstraZeneca UK Ltd., Luton, UK
| | | | | | - A George
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - N Rahman
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Dyer M, Hutchinson C, Rule S, Shah N, Salles GA, Karlin L, Morschhauser F, Terriou L, Fegan C, Davison A, Cartron G, Saunders A, Honda H, Sharpe J, Yoshizawa T, Yasuhiro T, Kawabata K, Awata H, Birkett J. The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ONO-4059: Single-agent activity in patients with relapsed and refractory non-GCB-DLBCL. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.8553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dyer
- Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Rule
- Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Nimish Shah
- Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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Skowronska A, Parker A, Ahmed G, Oldreive C, Davis Z, Richards S, Dyer M, Matutes E, Gonzalez D, Taylor AMR, Moss P, Thomas P, Oscier D, Stankovic T. Biallelic ATM Inactivation Significantly Reduces Survival in Patients Treated on the United Kingdom Leukemia Research Fund Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 4 Trial. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:4524-32. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.41.0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prognostic significance of ATM mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is unclear. We assessed their impact in the context of a prospective randomized trial. Patients and Methods We analyzed the ATM gene in 224 patients treated on the Leukemia Research Fund Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 4 (LRF-CLL4) trial with chlorambucil or fludarabine with and without cyclophosphamide. ATM status was analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and was related to treatment response, survival, and the impact of TP53 alterations for the same patient cohort. Results We identified 36 ATM mutations in 33 tumors, 16 with and 17 without 11q deletion. Mutations were associated with advanced disease stage and involvement of multiple lymphoid sites. Patients with both ATM mutation and 11q deletion showed significantly reduced progression-free survival (median, 7.4 months) compared with those with ATM wild type (28.6 months), 11q deletion alone (17.1 months), or ATM mutation alone (30.8 months), but survival was similar to that in patients with monoallelic (6.7 months) or biallelic (3.4 months) TP53 alterations. This effect was independent of treatment, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable gene (IGHV) status, age, sex, or disease stage. Overall survival for patients with biallelic ATM alterations was also significantly reduced compared with those with ATM wild type or ATM mutation alone (median, 42.2 v 85.5 v 77.6 months, respectively). Conclusion The combination of 11q deletion and ATM mutation in CLL is associated with significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival following first-line treatment with alkylating agents and purine analogs. Assessment of ATM mutation status in patients with 11q deletion may influence the choice of subsequent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skowronska
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Anton Parker
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Gulshanara Ahmed
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Zadie Davis
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Sue Richards
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Martin Dyer
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Estella Matutes
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - David Gonzalez
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - A. Malcolm R. Taylor
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Paul Moss
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Peter Thomas
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - David Oscier
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
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McNamara C, Davies J, Dyer M, Hoskin P, Illidge T, Lyttelton M, Marcus R, Montoto S, Ramsay A, Wong WL, Ardeshna K. Guidelines on the investigation and management of follicular lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2011; 156:446-67. [PMID: 22211428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic splenectomy has emerged as a safe and effective treatment for a variety of haematological conditions. The objective was to review the results from a large personal series from the perspective of outcomes according to operative time, conversion to open operation, complications and mortality. The application of laparoscopic splenectomy to cases of splenomegaly without hand assistance is examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of 140 patients undergoing laparoscopic splenectomy at a single university hospital by one surgeon during 1994-2006. Case notes were reviewed and data collected on operative time, conversion to open procedure, morbidity and mortality. Particular reference was made towards the results of cases of splenomegaly. RESULTS In total 140 laparoscopic splenectomies were performed with a complication rate of 15% and no mortality. The median operative time was 100 min and conversion to open procedure was necessary in 2.1%. Conversion for cases of splenomegaly was only 5.7%. The median hospital stay was 3 days. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe procedure with acceptable morbidity. A laparoscopic approach for splenomegaly is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare J Pattenden
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
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20
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Richardson W, Dai S, Dyer M, Russo A, Neal M, Prindle T, Branca M, Sodhi C, Hackam D. Toll Like Receptor-4 Activation Links Enterocyte Autophagy with Apoptosis via the Stress Response Gene ATG 16 in the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bakerly ND, Davies C, Dyer M, Dhillon P. Cost analysis of an integrated care model in the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2009; 6:201-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1479972309104279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Home treatment models for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) proved to be a safe alternative to hospitalization. These models have the potential to free up resources; however, in the United Kingdom, it remains unclear to whether they provide cost savings compared with hospital treatment. Over a 12-month period from August 2003, 130 patients were selected for the integrated care group (total admissions with AECOPD = 546). These patients were compared with 95 retrospective controls in the hospital treatment group. Controls were selected from admissions during the previous 12 months (total of 662 admissions) to match the integrated care group in age, sex, and postal code. Resource use data were collected for both groups and compared using National Health Service (NHS) perspective for cost minimization analysis. In the integrated care group (130 patients), 107 (82%) patients received home support with average length of stay 3.3 (SD 3.9) days compared with 10.4 (SD 7.7) in the hospital group (95 patients). Average number of visits per patients in the integrated care group was 3.08 (SD = 0.95; 95% CI = 2.9—3.2). Cost per patient in the integrated care group was £1653 (95% CI, £1521—1802) compared with £2256 (95% CI, £2126— 2407) in the hospital group. The integrated care group resulted in cost saving of approximately £600 (P < 0.001) per patient. This integrated care model for the management of patients with AECOPD offered cost savings of £600 per patient over the conventional hospital treatment model using the new NHS tariff from an acute trust provider perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Diar Bakerly
- Research SpR and Lecturer, Respiratory Medicine, Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, UK,
| | - C. Davies
- Institute of Medical Education, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M. Dyer
- Health Economics Research Group, National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - P. Dhillon
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Dyer M. David Galton--the thesis years. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48:2290-1. [PMID: 18066992 DOI: 10.1080/10428190701706188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dyer
- MRC Toxicology Unit/Leicester University, Leicester, UK
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Sharples L, Hughes V, Crean A, Dyer M, Buxton M, Goldsmith K, Stone D. Cost-effectiveness of functional cardiac testing in the diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial. The CECaT trial. Health Technol Assess 2007; 11:iii-iv, ix-115. [DOI: 10.3310/hta11490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - D Stone
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Garside R, Pitt M, Anderson R, Rogers G, Dyer M, Mealing S, Somerville M, Price A, Stein K. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of carmustine implants and temozolomide for the treatment of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2007; 11:iii-iv, ix-221. [DOI: 10.3310/hta11450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Stein
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Peninsula Medical School, Universities of Exeter and Plymouth, Exeter, UK
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Austen B, Skowronska A, Baker C, Powell JE, Gardiner A, Oscier D, Majid A, Dyer M, Siebert R, Taylor AM, Moss PA, Stankovic T. Mutation status of the residual ATM allele is an important determinant of the cellular response to chemotherapy and survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia containing an 11q deletion. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:5448-57. [PMID: 17968022 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.11.2649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene is located on chromosome 11q and loss of this region is common in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Our aim was to determine if CLL tumors with a chromosome 11q deletion might be divided into two subgroups based on the status of the remaining ATM allele. METHODS The sequence of the residual ATM allele was determined in 72 CLLs with an 11q deletion. This was related to the cellular response to irradiation or cytotoxic drug exposure in vitro and clinical outcome. RESULTS We show that the residual ATM allele is mutated in 36% of CLLs with an 11q deletion and that these leukemias demonstrate an impaired cellular response to irradiation or cytotoxic drug exposure in vitro. Inactivation of the second ATM allele was associated with a reduction in patient survival beyond that already dictated by the presence of an 11q deletion (P = .0283). Furthermore, we demonstrate that ATM mutations may arise during the evolution of an 11q deleted subclone and are associated with its expansion. CONCLUSION CLL with 11q deletion can be divided into two subgroups based on the integrity of the residual ATM allele. Patients with complete loss of ATM function, due to biallelic ATM defects, have defective responses to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics in vitro and a poorer clinical outcome. ATM mutant subclones can develop during an individual's disease course and give rise to additional expansion of the 11q deleted subclone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Austen
- Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Shih C, Laurie N, Holzmacher J, Davidoff A, Dyer M. AAV-mediated delivery of interferon-β for the treatment of retinoblastoma in preclinical models. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3565 Background: Interferon-β has anti-tumor properties against a variety of malignancies through direct cytotoxicity as well as immunological effects. In order to circumvent limitations of IFN-β therapy, we have developed an adeno-associated viral gene therapy approach to deliver IFN-β directly to tumors. In this study, we tested the efficacy of AAV mediated delivery of IFN-β in preclinical retinoblastoma models. Retinoblastoma is an ideal candidate for gene-therapy based anti-cancer treatments because viral infection and IFN-β delivery can be contained within the ocular environment thereby minimizing systemic toxicity. Methods: Retinoblastoma cell lines Weri and Y79 were treated in vitro with recombinant human Interferon-β and then subjected to Viacount assays, Nexin apoptosis assays, FACS cell cycle analysis, and immunolabeling for proliferation (BrdU) and apoptosis (caspase and TUNEL). An orthotopic Xenograft retinoblastoma rat model with luciferase reporter were established and treated with single subconjunctival injection of AAV-IFN-β gene therapy. Xenogen in vivo imaging was used to follow tumor volume. Blood and tissue samples (ELISA) were obtained to determine IFN-β levels. Results: Weri and Y79 cells showed maximum reduction in viability at 500 IU/ml and 2500 IU/ml respectively. Weri response was found to be cell death by Caspase and TUNEL assay. Y79 response was found to be due to suppression of proliferation as measured by BrdU incorporation and cell cycle analysis. In the retinoblastoma xenograft model there was no increase in tumor volume by serial in vivo imaging compared to control animals. Stable levels of IFN-β were maintained at 20 ng/ml >6weeks following injection. Plasma levels were undetectable 42 days following treatment. Conclusions: Retinoblastoma cell lines exhibit pleiotropic responses to IFN-β consistent with previous studies. Intravitreal injection of AAV-IFN-β resulted in efficient retinal infection and sustained IFN-β production. Viral spread outside of the eye was not detected. Using our retinoblastoma xenograft model we found that intravitreal injection of AAV-IFN-β had a potent anti-tumor effect in vivo. These data suggest that AAV mediated delivery of IFN-β may provide a complementary approach to systemic chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Shih
- St Jude Childrens Rsrch Hosp, Memphis, TN
| | - N. Laurie
- St Jude Childrens Rsrch Hosp, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - M. Dyer
- St Jude Childrens Rsrch Hosp, Memphis, TN
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Sharples L, Buxton M, Caine N, Cafferty F, Demiris N, Dyer M, Freeman C. Evaluation of the ventricular assist device programme in the UK. Health Technol Assess 2006; 10:1-119, iii-iv. [PMID: 17134596 DOI: 10.3310/hta10480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarise the relevant clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness literature, to collect data on survival, transplantation rates, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and resource use for ventricular assist device (VAD) and non-VAD transplant candidates in the UK, and to construct cost-effectiveness and cost-utility models of VADs in a UK context. Also to investigate the factors that drive costs and survival. DESIGN A comprehensive systematic review was carried out. Data were collected from April 2002 to December 2004, with follow-up to March 2005. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility models of VAD devices were developed based on UK activity and outcomes collected from April 2002 to March 2005. SETTING National Specialist Commissioning Advisory Group funded VAD implantation was carried out at the Freeman, Harefield and Papworth transplant centres in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Seventy patients were implanted with a VAD as a bridge to transplantation between April 2002 and December 2004. Non-VAD-supported transplant candidates (n = 250), listed at the three centres between April 2002 and December 2004, were divided into an inotrope-dependent group (n = 71) and a non-inotrope-dependent group (n = 179). Although patients in the inotrope-dependent group were closest to the VAD group they were less sick. The last group comprised a hypothetical worst case scenario, which assumed that all VAD patients would die in the intensive care unit (ICU) within 1 month without VAD technology. INTERVENTIONS Patients were included who were implanted with a VAD designed for circulatory support for more than 30 days, with intention to bridge to transplantation. A multistate model of VAD and transplant activity was constructed; this was populated by data from the UK. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Survival from VAD implant or from transplant listing for non-VAD patients to 31 March 2005. Serious adverse events and quality of life measures were used. Cognitive functioning was also assessed. Utility weights were derived from EuroQoL responses to estimate quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were defined as the additional cost of VADs divided by additional QALYs. Time-horizons were 3 years, 10 years and the lifetime of the patients. RESULTS Of 70 VAD patients, 30 (43%) died pretransplant, 31 (44%) underwent transplantation, and four (6%) recovered and had the VAD removed. Five patients (7%) were still supported for median of 279 days at the end of March 2005. Successful bridge-to-transplantation/recovery rates were consistent with published rates. Survival from VAD implantation was 74% at 30 days and 52% at 12 months. There were 320 non-fatal adverse events in 62 patients during 300 months of VAD support, mostly in the first month after implantation. Commonly observed events were bleeding, infection and respiratory dysfunction. Twenty-nine (41%) patients were discharged from hospital with a VAD. The 1-year survival post-transplantation was 84%. For the inotrope-dependent and non-inotrope-dependent transplant candidates, death rates while listed were 10% and 8% and the median waiting times were 16 and 87 days, respectively. For transplant recipients, 1-year survival was 85% and 84%, respectively. Both VAD and non-VAD patients demonstrated similar significant improvements in their New York Heart Association class after transplantation. All patients had poor EQ-5D pretransplantation; after transplantation the groups had similar EQ-5D of 0.76 irrespective of time after surgery. HRQoL was poor in the first month for VAD patients but better for those who waited longer in all groups. VAD patients reported more problems with sleep and rest and with ambulation in the first month. Symptom scores were similar in all groups pretransplant. After transplantation all groups showed a marked and similar improvement in physical and psychosocial function. Mean VAD implant cost, including device, was pound 63,830, with costs of VAD support for survivors of pound 21,696 in month 1 and pound 11,312 in month 2. Main cost drivers were device itself, staffing, ICU stay, hospital stay and events such as bleeding, stroke and infection. For the base case, extrapolating over the lifetime of the patients the mean cost for a VAD patient was pound 173,841, with mean survival of 5.63 years and mean QALYs of 3.27. Corresponding costs for inotrope-dependent patients were pound 130,905, with mean survival 8.62 years and mean QALYs 4.99. Since inotrope-dependent patients had lower costs and higher QALYs than VAD patients, this group is said to be dominant. Non-inotrope-dependent transplant candidates had similar survival rates to those on inotropes but lower costs, also dominant. Compared with the worst case scenario the mean lifetime ICER for VADs was pound 49,384 per QALY. In a range of sensitivity analyses this ranged from pound 35,121 if the device cost was zero to pound 49,384. Since neither inotrope-dependent transplant candidates nor the worst case scenario were considered fair controls the assumption was investigated that, without VAD technology, there would be a mixture of these situations. For mixtures considered the ICER for VADs ranged from pound 79,212 per QALY to the non-VAD group being both cheaper and more effective. CONCLUSIONS There are insufficient data from either published studies or the current study to construct a fair comparison group for VADs. Overall survival of 52% is an excellent clinical achievement for those young patients with rapidly failing hearts. However, if the worst case scenario were plausible, and one could reliably extrapolate results to the lifetime of the patients, VADs would not be cost-effective at traditional thresholds. Further randomised controlled trials are required, using current second generation devices or subsequent devices and conducted in the UK.
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Syed N, Smith P, Sullivan A, Spender LC, Dyer M, Karran L, O'Nions J, Allday M, Hoffmann I, Crawford D, Griffin B, Farrell PJ, Crook T. Transcriptional silencing of Polo-like kinase 2 (SNK/PLK2) is a frequent event in B-cell malignancies. Blood 2006; 107:250-6. [PMID: 16160013 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Polo-like kinases (Plks) are a highly conserved family of protein kinases that function in regulation of cell cycle and DNA damage-induced checkpoints. Evidence of a tumor suppressor function for the Plks in human neoplasia is lacking. Here, we report that Snk/Plk2 is transcriptionally down-regulated in B-cell neoplasms. Silencing occurs with very high frequency in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) but is also detected in B-cell neoplasms of other types and is associated with aberrant cytosine methylation in the CpG island located at the 5' end of the SNK/PLK2 gene. Silencing is specific to malignant B cells because SNK/PLK2 was unmethylated (and expressed) in primary B lymphocytes, in EBV-immortalized B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), and in adenocarcinomas (of the breast) and squamous-cell carcinomas (of the head and neck). Expression of Snk/Plk2 in BL cell lines was restored by demethylating agents. The related PLK1 and PLK3 (FNK/PRK) genes were overexpressed in BL cell lines lacking Snk/Plk2 expression, consistent with functional degeneracy among the Plk family. Ectopic expression of Snk/Plk2 in BL cells resulted in apoptosis, a potential mechanistic basis underlying the strong selective pressure for abrogation of Snk/Plk2 function in B-cell neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelofer Syed
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Rd, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
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Poppema S, Kluiver JL, Atayar C, van den Berg A, Rosenwald A, Hummel M, Lenze D, Lammert H, Stein H, Joos S, Barth T, Dyer M, Lichter P, Klein U, Cattoretti G, Gloghini A, Tu Y, Stolovitzky GA, Califano A, Carbone A, Dalla-Favera R, Melzner I, Bucur AJ, Brüderlein S, Dorsch K, Hasel C, Barth TFE, Leithäuser F, Möller P. Report: workshop on mediastinal grey zone lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2005:45-52. [PMID: 16007868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2005.00454.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There are several indications that classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and at least a proportion of cases of Primary Mediastinal B cell Lymphoma (PMBL) are derived from B cells at similar stages of differentiation and share common pathogenic mechanisms. The first indication was the existence of mediastinal grey zone lymphomas as identified in the 4th International Symposium on HL, with clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features intermediate between cHL and PMBL. Second, both tumor types resemble a cell that is developmentally situated in-between the germinal center reaction and a plasma cell. Third, cHL and PMBL were found to have similar gene expression profiles, including the lack of immunoglobulin expression and low levels of B cell receptor signalling molecules, and the secretion of molecules like the chemokine TARC and the prominent expression of IL-13 receptors. Fourth, both entities were found to have common genomic aberrancies, notably in 2p15 and 9p24, the sites of the REL oncogene and the tyrosine kinase gene JAK2, respectively. Further comparison of both lymphoma types may provide further insight in the pathogenic mechanisms and allow the design of diagnostic algorithms to sort out the small number of so-called mediastinal grey zone lymphomas, that appear to be intermediate between PMBL and cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibrand Poppema
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen De Brug, Rm 9.14, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Li M, Dyer M, Clement L, Kwong K, Maalouf N, Hanley-Lopez J, Kimia T, Feliciano K, Morphew T, Lison F, Jones C. Validity of a parental survey for school-based asthma screening. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(03)80991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- Taunton and Somerset Hospital
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Abstract
Both cholera and pertussis toxins were used to label and study the expression of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in Plasmodium falciparum extracts. Expression of these proteins is developmentally regulated throughout the erythrocytic cycle with peak expression during early asexual development and in mature sexual stages. Treatment of P. falciparum cultures with cholera toxin causes an increase in conversion to sexual development, and at the same concentration has a marginal inhibitory effect on asexual growth and division. Through precise synchronisation of the parasites' asexual cell cycle, we have defined the period of sensitivity to this induction at around the time of invasion, one cycle before the development of the sexual form. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed that access of the toxin to the parasite is limited to the invasive form--the free merozoite, while further labelling studies revealed expression of a single G protein alpha subunit in these stages. These observations are consistent with the view that a G protein-dependent signal transduction pathway is involved in coupling the parasite's environment to commitment to sexual development (gametocytogenesis). This means of artificially stimulating the pathways leading to sexual development can now be used to biochemically follow the activation of the signalling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University Oxford, UK.
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Abstract
Both cholera and pertussis toxins were used to label and study the expression of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in Plasmodium falciparum extracts. Expression of these proteins is developmentally regulated throughout the erythrocytic cycle with peak expression during early asexual development and in mature sexual stages. Treatment of P. falciparum cultures with cholera toxin causes an increase in conversion to sexual development, and at the same concentration has a marginal inhibitory effect on asexual growth and division. Through precise synchronisation of the parasites' asexual cell cycle, we have defined the period of sensitivity to this induction at around the time of invasion, one cycle before the development of the sexual form. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed that access of the toxin to the parasite is limited to the invasive form - the free merozoite, while further labelling studies revealed expression of a single G protein alpha subunit in these stages. These observations are consistent with the view that a G protein-dependent signal transduction pathway is involved in coupling the parasite's environment to commitment to sexual development (gametocytogenesis). This means of artificially stimulating the pathways leading to sexual development can now be used to biochemically follow the activation of the signalling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
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Abstract
To achieve transmission, a subpopulation of asexually dividing bloodstream forms of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum withdraws from the cell cycle to develop into gametocytes - cells specialized for sexual reproduction and invasion of the mosquito vector. For natural selection to maximize transmission to new hosts, a balance must have evolved between asexual replication and sexual differentiation. Here, Mike Dyer and Karen Day consider observations on the process of commitment to gametocytogenesis and use this information as the framework for a model that begins to explain the control of the dynamics between asexual and sexual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3PS.
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Tjitra E, Suprianto S, Dyer M, Currie BJ, Anstey NM. Field evaluation of the ICT malaria P.f/P.v immunochromatographic test for detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in patients with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of malaria in eastern Indonesia. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:2412-7. [PMID: 10405377 PMCID: PMC85241 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.8.2412-2417.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In areas such as eastern Indonesia where both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax occur, rapid antigen detection tests for malaria need to be able to detect both species. We evaluated the new combined P. falciparum-P. vivax immunochromatographic test (ICT Malaria P.f/P.v.) in Radamata Primary Health Centre, Sumba, Indonesia, from February to May 1998 with 560 symptomatic adults and children with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of malaria. Blinded microscopy was used as the "gold standard," with all discordant and 20% of concordant results cross-checked blindly. Only 50% of those with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of malaria were parasitemic. The ICT Malaria P.f/P.v immunochromatographic test was sensitive (95. 5%) and specific (89.8%) for the diagnosis of falciparum malaria, with a positive predictive value (PPV) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 88.1 and 96.2%, respectively. HRP2 and panmalarial antigen line intensities were associated with parasitemia density for both species. Although the specificity and NPV for the diagnosis of vivax malaria were 94.8 and 98.2%, respectively, the overall sensitivity (75%) and PPV (50%) for the diagnosis of vivax malaria were less than the desirable levels. The sensitivity for the diagnosis of P. vivax malaria was 96% with parasitemias of >500/microl but only 29% with parasitemias of <500/microl. Nevertheless, compared with the test with HRP2 alone, use of the combined antigen detection test would reduce the rate of undertreatment from 14.7 to 3.6% for microscopy-positive patients, and this would be at the expense of only a modest increase in the rate of overtreatment of microscopy-negative patients from 7.1 to 15. 4%. Cost remains a major obstacle to widespread use in areas of endemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tjitra
- Communicable Diseases Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Dyer M. Against the grade. Nurs Stand 1999; 13:23. [PMID: 10497503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Abstract
The most important function of any parasite is to secure transmission to new hosts. The gametocyte, the stage which has become developmentally committed to the sexual cycle, provides a critical link in the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum from the human host to the anopheline mosquito vector. It is therefore imperative that our determination to understand the biology of the gametocyte is greater than the technical obstacles which have resulted in the gametocyte being left very much out of the limelight by the intensive investigation of the asexual bloodstream parasite. Here we explore the areas of gametocyte biology which by nature of their relevance to control and pathology as well as basic biology, are the subjects of investigation in our laboratory. We also point out areas in need of particular attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Day
- Wellcome Centre for Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK
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Dyer M, Harte J, Brereton J. Reducing paperwork in a medical assessment unit. Nurs Times 1998; 94:50-1. [PMID: 9616642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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42
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El-Said H, Ing F, Nihill M, Gritka R, Morris C, Beck S, Getty-Housewright D, Dyer M, Mullins C. 18-year experience with transseptal procedures through baffles, conduits and other intre-atrial patches. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)80897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pawson R, Matutes E, Brito-Babapulle V, Maljaie H, Hedges M, Mercieca J, Dyer M, Catovsky D. Sezary cell leukaemia: a distinct T cell disorder or a variant form of T prolymphocytic leukaemia? Leukemia 1997; 11:1009-13. [PMID: 9204983 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2400710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the clinical, ultrastructural, immunophenotypic and virological features of nine cases of a rare type of mature T cell disorder formerly designated Sezary cell leukaemia. All patients presented with lymphocytosis ranging from 12.7 to 133 x 10(9)/l, bone marrow infiltration, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Skin involvement was absent at presentation but developed as a terminal event in two patients, one of whom showed a pattern of dermal infiltration different from that characteristic of Sezary syndrome. Cells from eight cases bore a mature T cell phenotype and electronmicroscopy revealed lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei resembling Sezary cells. All cases except one were HTLV-I negative. Patients were treated with various chemotherapy regimens but with poor outcome, the median survival being 13 months. Laboratory and clinical data suggest great similarity between Sezary cell leukaemia and T prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL), namely coexpression of CD4 and CD8 (3/9 cases), identical chromosomal abnormalities in the three cases studied (isochromosome 8q plus inversion 14 or t(X;14)(q28;q11)) and a remarkable sensitivity to CAMPATH-1H (complete remission of 21 months' duration in one patient), suggesting that this entity could be considered a variant form of T-PLL. The alternative diagnosis of adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma could not be excluded in one patient in whom positive HTLV-I serology was documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pawson
- Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Matutes E, Morilla R, Farahat N, Carbonell F, Swansbury J, Dyer M, Catovsky D. Definition of acute biphenotypic leukemia. Haematologica 1997; 82:64-6. [PMID: 9107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A minority of acute leukemias have features characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and for this reason are designated mixed-lineage, hybrid or biphenotypic acute leukemias (BAL). There have been difficulties in establishing whether BAL represents a distinct clinico-biological entity due to a lack of objective criteria for distinguishing BAL from acute myeloid leukemias (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) with aberrant expression of a marker from another lineage. In this work we analyze diagnostic criteria for BAL. METHODS We describe the features of 26 patients (19 adults and 7 children) with BAL diagnosed at the Royal Marsden Hospital. BAL was defined according to a scoring system devised by our group and the European Group for the Immunological Classification of Leukemia (EGIL). This system is based on the number and degree of specificity of the markers (lymphoid and myeloid) expressed by the blasts. RESULTS According to the FAB criteria, BAL may present as "ALL" or as one of the "AML" subtypes, often M1. It is not infrequent to identify two distinct blast populations: one of small size resembling lymphoblasts and the other larger. The most common immunophenotype is coexpression of B-lymphoid and myeloid markers and less frequently, T-lymphoid and myeloid markers. Cases with a B and T lymphoid phenotype or with trilineage differentiation are rare. BAL has a high incidence of clonal chromosomal abnormalities, the most common being the t(9;22) (q34;q11) (Ph chromosome) and structural abnormalities involving 11q23. Data are emerging that BAL has a negative prognosis in both children and adults and this may be related to the underlying chromosome abnormalities. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS In summary, BAL is an uncommon type of leukemia which probably arises from a multipotent progenitor cell and carries a poor prognosis. Although there are no uniform criteria about whether to treat these patients as ALL or AML, it is likely that an intensive approach with high-dose therapy followed by bone marrow transplantation will be required to eradicate the disease permanently.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, Differentiation/analysis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Cell Lineage
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/classification
- Middle Aged
- Naphthol AS D Esterase/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/chemistry
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Peroxidase/analysis
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/classification
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
- E Matutes
- Academic Department of Hematology and Cytogenetics, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
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Abstract
Escherichia coli rnc-era-recO operon (rnc operon) expression is negatively autoregulated at the level of message stability by ribonuclease III (RNase III), which is encoded by the rnc gene. RNase III, a double-stranded RNA-specific endoribonuclease involved in rRNA and mRNA processing and degradation, cleaves a stemloop structure in the 5' untranslated leader, initiating rapid decay of the rnc operon mRNA. Here, we examine rnc operon expression and regulation in greater detail. Northern, primer extension, and lacZ fusion analyses show that a single promoter (rncP) specifies two principal mRNAs: the 1.9 kb rnc-era transcript and the less-abundant 3.7 kb RNA encoding rnc-era-recO and the downstream pdxJ and acpS genes. A 1.3 kb pdxJ-acpS RNA is transcribed from a promoter (pdxP) located within recO. About 70% of pdxJ transcription depends on transcription from rncP. Both promoters were characterized genetically. RNase III reduces 1.9 kb and 3.7 kb transcript levels and stability, and corresponding effects are seen with genetic fusions. These detailed studies enabled us to show that the first 378 nucleotides of the rnc transcript comprise a portable RNA stability element (rncO) that contains all of the cis-acting elements required for RNase III-initiated decay of the rnc mRNA as well as the heterologous lacZ transcript. Moreover, mutations in rncO that block RNase III cleavage also block control, showing that RNase III initiates mRNA decay by cleaving at a single site.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Matsunaga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA
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Raynaud SD, Baens M, Grosgeorge J, Rodgers K, Reid CD, Dainton M, Dyer M, Fuzibet JG, Gratecos N, Taillan B, Ayraud N, Marynen P. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of t(3; 12)(q26; p13): a recurring chromosomal abnormality involving the TEL gene (ETV6) in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 1996; 88:682-9. [PMID: 8695816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified a new recurrent reciprocal translocation between chromosome 3 and 12 with breakpoints at bands 3q26 and 12p13, t(3;12)(q26;p13) in the malignant cells from five patients with acute transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome or blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. t(3;12)(q26;p13) appears as a rare but nonrandom event present in various myeloid leukemia subtypes, which is frequently associated with dysplasia of megakaryocytes, multilineage involvement, short duration of any blastic phase, and a very poor prognosis. Here, we report the molecular cytogenetic analysis of the t(3;12). Fluorescence in situ hybridization results indicate that the 3q26 breakpoints are quite heterogeneous and occur 5' of MDS1, 3' of EVI1, or between MDS1 and EVI1. Our results are very similar to those observed in other 3q26 rearrangements in which breakpoints were shown to occur over considerable distances 5' and 3' of EVI1. Fluorescence in situ hybridization investigations proved that, in three myelodysplastic syndrome cases with t(3;12)(q26;p13), the 12p 13 breakpoint occurred within the TEL gene.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/ultrastructure
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Fanconi Anemia/complications
- Fanconi Anemia/genetics
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets
- Repressor Proteins
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Raynaud
- Laboratoire de Génétique, URA CNRS 1462, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
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Abstract
We have cloned and characterised one gene, PfATPase4 which encodes a P-type ATPase containing all the primary sequence motifs characteristic of this class of transmembrane ion transporters, and also a fragment of a second P. falciparum P-type ATPase pseudogene (PfATPase5). Analysis of conserved domains and motifs of specific ATPases reveals that PfATPase4 is most analogous to Ca2+ ATPases of the endoplasmic reticulum. The PfATPase4 gene gives rise to a transcript of 8 kb shortly after erythrocyte invasion. Although this mRNA is not detected in later stages, the protein detected immunologically at 190 kDa persists throughout and is detected in free merozoites. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that the PfATPase4 protein is concentrated in discrete compartments at the periphery of the parasite. Detailed sequence and structural analyses of these and the other P-type ATPases of P. falciparum described previously, reveals that they comprise an unusual family in several respects. Firstly, the large number of non-homologous genes so far characterised reflects the complexities of ionic regulation in the diverse environments encountered by the parasite. Secondly, the plasmodial P-type ATPase family may be classified both at primary sequence and structural levels into two distinct groups-those typical of P-type ATPases (including PfATPase4) and those which are much more divergent. A third complexity is illustrated by the fact that one of the other members [1] here termed PfATPase6, has an even greater similarity to the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases than does PfATPase4, which raises questions about the possible functional relationship between these two members.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dyer
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
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48
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Matutes E, Schulz T, Dyer M, Ellis J, Hedges M, Catovsky D. Immunoblastic transformation of a Sezary syndrome in a black Caribbean patient without evidence of HTLV-I. Leuk Lymphoma 1995; 18:521-7. [PMID: 8528063 DOI: 10.3109/10428199509059655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe an unusual case of Sezary syndrome which transformed into a large T-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma (immunoblastic) in a black man of Caribbean descent with negative HTLV-I serology and no evidence of HTLV-I infection by DNA analysis using sensitive techniques. The disease presented as a small-cell Sezary syndrome and transformed in an inguinal lymph node one year from diagnosis. Immunological markers in the small and large cells showed a mature T-cell phenotype CD4+, CD8- with expression of T-cell activation markers and a high proliferative rate. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed small Sezary cells with serpentine nucleus in the peripheral blood and immunoblasts in the lymph node. Cytogenetics demonstrated complex clonal chromosome abnormalities with involvement of 7q35, the locus for the beta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR). Southern-blot analysis showed the same rearrangement of the TCR beta, gamma, delta chain genes in lymph node and peripheral blood cells. Antibodies to HTLV-I were not detected in the serum by ELISA and particle agglutination (PA) nor HTLV-I specific sequences were demonstrated by nested polymerase chain reaction with primers to the envelope proteins, LTR and tax/rex of HTLV-I in both tissues, blood and lymph node. The disease had an aggressive course and was refractory to therapy; the patient died of progressive disease 28 months from presentation. Two unusual features characterised this patient's illness: immunoblastic transformation of a Sezary syndrome in a patient of Afro-Caribbean origin without evidence of HTLV-I DNA sequences and negative HTLV-I serology and the atypical lymph node histology resembling ATLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Matutes
- Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, U.K
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Shipley J, Williams S, O'Byrne A, Kearney L, Jones T, Young B, Dyer M, Catovsky D, Sheer D, Gusterson B. Characterization of a t(10;11)(p13-14;q14-21) in the monoblastic cell line U937. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1995; 13:138-42. [PMID: 7542909 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.2870130211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous analysis of the monoblastic cell line U937 has shown that several sublines contain a rearranged chromosome arm 11q. In order to determine the true nature of the rearrangement, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was carried out with various combinations of single copy anonymous markers, clones containing genes, a chromosome 10 paint, and an 11 centromere specific sequence. The rearrangement was deduced to be a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 10 and 11 described as t(10;11)(p13-14;q14-21). The breakpoint on chromosome 11 is telomeric to the INT2 gene and the pHS11 probe at 11q13, and centromeric to the marker D11S36 localized to 11q14.3-q22.1 and the MLL gene at 11q23. Similar translocations have been reported in various acute leukemias, principally of the monocytic lineage, and also in T-cell precursor acute lymphocytic leukemias. Further characterization of the genetic rearrangements in U937 may lead to the isolation of genes important in leukemogenesis and provide an in vitro system for their study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shipley
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
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50
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Abstract
To define the molecular mechanisms of endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene regulation, we cloned, sequenced, and characterized the rat ET-1 promoter. A sequence consisting of the first 1329 bp of the rat ET-1 promoter was investigated in greater detail. Sequence analysis identified putative binding sites for a number of transcriptional factors that may be involved in ET-1 gene regulation. Several of these factors have been proposed earlier to be involved in cell-specific gene regulation and may be responsible for directing ET-1 expression in vivo. For functional analysis of the ET-1 promoter, we generated a reporter gene construct using luciferase as reporter gene under control of the promoter fragment isolated. The construct was transfected transiently into bovine aortic endothelial cells, and luciferase expression was evaluated. The results indicated that the promoter segment used showed high expression in endothelial cells comparable to that induced by viral promoters. Since ET-1 is regulated by a number of vasoactive substances, we studied the effect of angiotensin II on endothelin transcription. We could demonstrate a dose-dependent transcriptional activation of ET-1 transcription by angiotensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paul
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Free University, Berlin, Germany
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