1
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Bland P, Saville H, Wai PT, Curnow L, Muirhead G, Nieminuszczy J, Ravindran N, John MB, Hedayat S, Barker HE, Wright J, Yu L, Mavrommati I, Read A, Peck B, Allen M, Gazinska P, Pemberton HN, Gulati A, Nash S, Noor F, Guppy N, Roxanis I, Pratt G, Oldreive C, Stankovic T, Barlow S, Kalirai H, Coupland SE, Broderick R, Alsafadi S, Houy A, Stern MH, Pettit S, Choudhary JS, Haider S, Niedzwiedz W, Lord CJ, Natrajan R. SF3B1 hotspot mutations confer sensitivity to PARP inhibition by eliciting a defective replication stress response. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1311-1323. [PMID: 37524790 PMCID: PMC10412459 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
SF3B1 hotspot mutations are associated with a poor prognosis in several tumor types and lead to global disruption of canonical splicing. Through synthetic lethal drug screens, we identify that SF3B1 mutant (SF3B1MUT) cells are selectively sensitive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), independent of hotspot mutation and tumor site. SF3B1MUT cells display a defective response to PARPi-induced replication stress that occurs via downregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 interacting protein (CINP), leading to increased replication fork origin firing and loss of phosphorylated CHK1 (pCHK1; S317) induction. This results in subsequent failure to resolve DNA replication intermediates and G2/M cell cycle arrest. These defects are rescued through CINP overexpression, or further targeted by a combination of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and PARP inhibition. In vivo, PARPi produce profound antitumor effects in multiple SF3B1MUT cancer models and eliminate distant metastases. These data provide the rationale for testing the clinical efficacy of PARPi in a biomarker-driven, homologous recombination proficient, patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Bland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Harry Saville
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Patty T Wai
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lucinda Curnow
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gareth Muirhead
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Nivedita Ravindran
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Marie Beatrix John
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Somaieh Hedayat
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Holly E Barker
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Wright
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lu Yu
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ioanna Mavrommati
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Abigail Read
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Barrie Peck
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Team, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Mark Allen
- Biological Services Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Helen N Pemberton
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sarah Nash
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Farzana Noor
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Naomi Guppy
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ioannis Roxanis
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Guy Pratt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samantha Barlow
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen Kalirai
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sarah E Coupland
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ronan Broderick
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Samar Alsafadi
- Inserm U830, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Houy
- Inserm U830, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Stephen Pettit
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Rachael Natrajan
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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2
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Kennedy E, Coulter E, Halliwell E, Profitos-Peleja N, Walsby E, Clark B, Phillips EH, Burley TA, Mitchell S, Devereux S, Fegan CD, Jones CI, Johnston R, Chevassut T, Schulz R, Seiffert M, Agathanggelou A, Oldreive C, Davies N, Stankovic T, Liloglou T, Pepper C, Pepper AGS. TLR9 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia identifies a promigratory subpopulation and novel therapeutic target. Blood 2021; 137:3064-3078. [PMID: 33512408 PMCID: PMC8176769 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains incurable despite B-cell receptor-targeted inhibitors revolutionizing treatment. This suggests that other signaling molecules are involved in disease escape mechanisms and resistance. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a promising candidate that is activated by unmethylated cytosine guanine dinucleotide-DNA. Here, we show that plasma from patients with CLL contains significantly more unmethylated DNA than plasma from healthy control subjects (P < .0001) and that cell-free DNA levels correlate with the prognostic markers CD38, β2-microglobulin, and lymphocyte doubling time. Furthermore, elevated cell-free DNA was associated with shorter time to first treatment (hazard ratio, 4.0; P = .003). We also show that TLR9 expression was associated with in vitro CLL cell migration (P < .001), and intracellular endosomal TLR9 strongly correlated with aberrant surface expression (sTLR9; r = 0.9). In addition, lymph node-derived CLL cells exhibited increased sTLR9 (P = .016), and RNA-sequencing of paired sTLR9hi and sTLR9lo CLL cells revealed differential transcription of genes involved in TLR signaling, adhesion, motility, and inflammation in sTLR9hi cells. Mechanistically, a TLR9 agonist, ODN2006, promoted CLL cell migration (P < .001) that was mediated by p65 NF-κB and STAT3 transcription factor activation. Importantly, autologous plasma induced the same effects, which were reversed by a TLR9 antagonist. Furthermore, high TLR9 expression promoted engraftment and rapid disease progression in a NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull mouse xenograft model. Finally, we showed that dual targeting of TLR9 and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) was strongly synergistic (median combination index, 0.2 at half maximal effective dose), which highlights the distinct role for TLR9 signaling in CLL and the potential for combined targeting of TLR9 and BTK as a more effective treatment strategy in this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kennedy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Eve Coulter
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Halliwell
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nuria Profitos-Peleja
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Walsby
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Barnaby Clark
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth H Phillips
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Burley
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Mitchell
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Devereux
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Fegan
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher I Jones
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalynd Johnston
- Department of Haematology, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Chevassut
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Schulz
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Angelo Agathanggelou
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Nicholas Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Pepper
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea G S Pepper
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, United Kingdom
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3
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Kwok M, Oldreive C, Rawstron AC, Goel A, Papatzikas G, Jones RE, Drennan S, Agathanggelou A, Sharma-Oates A, Evans P, Smith E, Dalal S, Mao J, Hollows R, Gordon N, Hamada M, Davies NJ, Parry H, Beggs AD, Munir T, Moreton P, Paneesha S, Pratt G, Taylor AMR, Forconi F, Baird DM, Cazier JB, Moss P, Hillmen P, Stankovic T. Integrative analysis of spontaneous CLL regression highlights genetic and microenvironmental interdependency in CLL. Blood 2020; 135:411-428. [PMID: 31794600 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous regression is a recognized phenomenon in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but its biological basis remains unknown. We undertook a detailed investigation of the biological and clinical features of 20 spontaneous CLL regression cases incorporating phenotypic, functional, transcriptomic, and genomic studies at sequential time points. All spontaneously regressed tumors were IGHV-mutated with no restricted IGHV usage or B-cell receptor (BCR) stereotypy. They exhibited shortened telomeres similar to nonregressing CLL, indicating prior proliferation. They also displayed low Ki-67, CD49d, cell-surface immunoglobulin M (IgM) expression and IgM-signaling response but high CXCR4 expression, indicating low proliferative activity associated with poor migration to proliferation centers, with these features becoming increasingly marked during regression. Spontaneously regressed CLL displayed a transcriptome profile characterized by downregulation of metabolic processes as well as MYC and its downstream targets compared with nonregressing CLL. Moreover, spontaneous regression was associated with reversal of T-cell exhaustion features including reduced programmed cell death 1 expression and increased T-cell proliferation. Interestingly, archetypal CLL genomic aberrations including HIST1H1B and TP53 mutations and del(13q14) were found in some spontaneously regressing tumors, but genetic composition remained stable during regression. Conversely, a single case of CLL relapse following spontaneous regression was associated with increased BCR signaling, CLL proliferation, and clonal evolution. These observations indicate that spontaneously regressing CLL appear to undergo a period of proliferation before entering a more quiescent state, and that a complex interaction between genomic alterations and the microenvironment determines disease course. Together, the findings provide novel insight into the biological processes underpinning spontaneous CLL regression, with implications for CLL treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin M/genetics
- Ki-67 Antigen/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Kwok
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andy C Rawstron
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anshita Goel
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Grigorios Papatzikas
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rhiannon E Jones
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Drennan
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Angelo Agathanggelou
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Archana Sharma-Oates
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Evans
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Smith
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Surita Dalal
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jingwen Mao
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Hollows
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Naheema Gordon
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mayumi Hamada
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Parry
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Talha Munir
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Moreton
- Department of Haematology, Pinderfields General Hospital, Wakefield, United Kingdom
| | - Shankara Paneesha
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Guy Pratt
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Malcolm R Taylor
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Forconi
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan M Baird
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Baptiste Cazier
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Moss
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hillmen
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Section of Experimental Haematology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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4
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Pratt G, Yap C, Oldreive C, Slade D, Bishop R, Griffiths M, Dyer MJS, Fegan C, Oscier D, Pettitt A, Matutes E, Devereux S, Allsup D, Bloor A, Hillmen P, Follows G, Rule S, Moss P, Stankovic T. A multi-centre phase I trial of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, T-prolymphocytic leukaemia or mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:429-433. [PMID: 28643365 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/genetics
- DNA Damage/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/mortality
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell/mortality
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/mortality
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/drug therapy
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/mortality
- Male
- Maximum Tolerated Dose
- Middle Aged
- Phthalazines/administration & dosage
- Phthalazines/adverse effects
- Phthalazines/therapeutic use
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/adverse effects
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Recurrence
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Pratt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christina Yap
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel Slade
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rebecca Bishop
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mike Griffiths
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin J S Dyer
- Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Chris Fegan
- Cardiff and Vale University Health board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - David Oscier
- Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Andrew Pettitt
- The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Bloor
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Hillmen
- St James University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - George Follows
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon Rule
- Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - Paul Moss
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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5
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Parry HM, Stevens T, Oldreive C, Zadran B, McSkeane T, Rudzki Z, Paneesha S, Chadwick C, Stankovic T, Pratt G, Zuo J, Moss P. NK cell function is markedly impaired in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia but is preserved in patients with small lymphocytic lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68513-68526. [PMID: 27655680 PMCID: PMC5356570 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are part of the same disease classification but are defined by differential distribution of tumor cells. B-CLL is characterized by significant immune suppression and dysregulation but this is not typical of patients with SLL. Natural killer cells (NK) are important mediators of immune function but have been poorly studied in patients with B-CLL/SLL. Here we report for the first time the NK cell phenotype and function in patients with B-CLL and SLL alongside their transcriptional profile. We show for the first time impaired B-CLL NK cell function in a xenograft model with reduced activating receptor expression including NKG2D, DNAM-1 and NCRs in-vitro. Importantly, we show these functional differences are associated with transcriptional downregulation of cytotoxic pathway genes, including activating receptors, adhesion molecules, cytotoxic molecules and intracellular signalling molecules, which remain intact in patients with SLL. In conclusion, NK cell function is markedly influenced by the anatomical site of the tumor in patients with B-CLL/SLL and lymphocytosis leads to marked impairment of NK cell activity. These observations have implications for treatment protocols which seek to preserve immune function by limiting the exposure of NK cells to tumor cells within the peripheral circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Parry
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tom Stevens
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Bassier Zadran
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tina McSkeane
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zbigniew Rudzki
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, B9 5SS, UK
| | - Shankara Paneesha
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, B9 5SS, UK
| | | | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Guy Pratt
- Department of Haematology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, B9 5SS, UK
| | - Jianmin Zuo
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paul Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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6
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Kwok M, Davies N, Agathanggelou A, Smith E, Oldreive C, Petermann E, Stewart G, Brown J, Lau A, Pratt G, Parry H, Taylor M, Moss P, Hillmen P, Stankovic T. ATR inhibition induces synthetic lethality and overcomes chemoresistance in TP53- or ATM-defective chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood 2016; 127:582-95. [PMID: 26563132 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-644872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) defects are associated with genomic instability, clonal evolution, and chemoresistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Currently, therapies capable of providing durable remissions in relapsed/refractory TP53- or ATM-defective CLL are lacking. Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) mediates response to replication stress, the absence of which leads to collapse of stalled replication forks into chromatid fragments that require resolution through the ATM/p53 pathway. Here, using AZD6738, a novel ATR kinase inhibitor, we investigated ATR inhibition as a synthetically lethal strategy to target CLL cells with TP53 or ATM defects. Irrespective of TP53 or ATM status, induction of CLL cell proliferation upregulated ATR protein, which then became activated in response to replication stress. In TP53- or ATM-defective CLL cells, inhibition of ATR signaling by AZD6738 led to an accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage, which was carried through into mitosis because of defective cell cycle checkpoints, resulting in cell death by mitotic catastrophe. Consequently, AZD6738 was selectively cytotoxic to both TP53- and ATM-defective CLL cell lines and primary cells. This was confirmed in vivo using primary xenograft models of TP53- or ATM-defective CLL, where treatment with AZD6738 resulted in decreased tumor load and reduction in the proportion of CLL cells with such defects. Moreover, AZD6738 sensitized TP53- or ATM-defective primary CLL cells to chemotherapy and ibrutinib. Our findings suggest that ATR is a promising therapeutic target for TP53- or ATM-defective CLL that warrants clinical investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Adenine/analogs & derivatives
- Animals
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/genetics
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism
- DNA Damage/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Piperidines
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Kwok
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Davies
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Edward Smith
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Petermann
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Grant Stewart
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Brown
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA
| | - Alan Lau
- R&D Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Pratt
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Helen Parry
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm Taylor
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Moss
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hillmen
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Skowronska A, Parker A, Ahmed G, Oldreive C, Davis Z, Richards S, Dyer M, Matutes E, Gonzalez D, Taylor AMR, Moss P, Thomas P, Oscier D, Stankovic T. Biallelic ATM Inactivation Significantly Reduces Survival in Patients Treated on the United Kingdom Leukemia Research Fund Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 4 Trial. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:4524-32. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.41.0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prognostic significance of ATM mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is unclear. We assessed their impact in the context of a prospective randomized trial. Patients and Methods We analyzed the ATM gene in 224 patients treated on the Leukemia Research Fund Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 4 (LRF-CLL4) trial with chlorambucil or fludarabine with and without cyclophosphamide. ATM status was analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and was related to treatment response, survival, and the impact of TP53 alterations for the same patient cohort. Results We identified 36 ATM mutations in 33 tumors, 16 with and 17 without 11q deletion. Mutations were associated with advanced disease stage and involvement of multiple lymphoid sites. Patients with both ATM mutation and 11q deletion showed significantly reduced progression-free survival (median, 7.4 months) compared with those with ATM wild type (28.6 months), 11q deletion alone (17.1 months), or ATM mutation alone (30.8 months), but survival was similar to that in patients with monoallelic (6.7 months) or biallelic (3.4 months) TP53 alterations. This effect was independent of treatment, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable gene (IGHV) status, age, sex, or disease stage. Overall survival for patients with biallelic ATM alterations was also significantly reduced compared with those with ATM wild type or ATM mutation alone (median, 42.2 v 85.5 v 77.6 months, respectively). Conclusion The combination of 11q deletion and ATM mutation in CLL is associated with significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival following first-line treatment with alkylating agents and purine analogs. Assessment of ATM mutation status in patients with 11q deletion may influence the choice of subsequent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skowronska
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Anton Parker
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Gulshanara Ahmed
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Ceri Oldreive
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Zadie Davis
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Sue Richards
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Martin Dyer
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Estella Matutes
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - David Gonzalez
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - A. Malcolm R. Taylor
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Paul Moss
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Peter Thomas
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - David Oscier
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Anna Skowronska, Gulshanara Ahmed, Ceri Oldreive, A.M.R. Taylor, Paul Moss, and Tatjana Stankovic, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Anton Parker, Zadie Davis, and David Oscier, Royal Bournemouth Hospital and Bournemouth University; Peter Thomas, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; Sue Richards, University of Oxford, Oxford; Martin Dyer, Leicester University, Leicester; and Estella Matutes and David Gonzalez, Institute for Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden National Health Service, London, United
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8
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Stewart GS, Panier S, Townsend K, Al-Hakim AK, Kolas NK, Miller ES, Nakada S, Ylanko J, Olivarius S, Mendez M, Oldreive C, Wildenhain J, Tagliaferro A, Pelletier L, Taubenheim N, Durandy A, Byrd PJ, Stankovic T, Taylor AMR, Durocher D. The RIDDLE Syndrome Protein Mediates a Ubiquitin-Dependent Signaling Cascade at Sites of DNA Damage. Cell 2009; 136:420-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Doherty GH, Oldreive C, Harvey J. Neuroprotective actions of leptin on central and peripheral neurons in vitro. Neuroscience 2008; 154:1297-307. [PMID: 18550292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal cell death and its regulation have been extensively studied as an essential process of both neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative conditions. However it is not clear how circulating hormones influence such processes. Therefore we aimed to determine whether the anti-obesity hormone leptin could promote the survival of murine central and peripheral neurons in vitro. Thus we established primary neuronal cultures of dopaminergic midbrain neurons and trigeminal sensory neurons and induced cell death via either toxic insult or growth factor withdrawal. We demonstrate that leptin promotes the survival of developing peripheral and central neurons via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) -dependent signaling cascades. Specifically, leptin protects dopaminergic midbrain neurons from the apoptotic stimuli, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). In addition, it promotes the survival of postnatal, but not embryonic, trigeminal sensory neurons following neurotrophin withdrawal. Our data reveal a novel neuroprotective role for leptin in the peripheral nervous system while expanding on the known anti-apoptotic role of leptin in the CNS. These findings have important implications for our understanding of neuronal viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Doherty
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife, UK.
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10
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Devitt A, Parker KG, Ogden CA, Oldreive C, Clay MF, Melville LA, Bellamy CO, Lacy-Hulbert A, Gangloff SC, Goyert SM, Gregory CD. Persistence of apoptotic cells without autoimmune disease or inflammation in CD14-/- mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 167:1161-70. [PMID: 15611337 PMCID: PMC2172617 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200410057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interaction of macrophages with apoptotic cells involves multiple steps including recognition, tethering, phagocytosis, and anti-inflammatory macrophage responses. Defective apoptotic cell clearance is associated with pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. CD14 is a surface receptor that functions in vitro in the removal of apoptotic cells by human and murine macrophages, but its mechanism of action has not been defined. Here, we demonstrate that CD14 functions as a macrophage tethering receptor for apoptotic cells. Significantly, CD14(-/-) macrophages in vivo are defective in clearing apoptotic cells in multiple tissues, suggesting a broad role for CD14 in the clearance process. However, the resultant persistence of apoptotic cells does not lead to inflammation or increased autoantibody production, most likely because, as we show, CD14(-/-) macrophages retain the ability to generate anti-inflammatory signals in response to apoptotic cells. We conclude that CD14 plays a broad tethering role in apoptotic cell clearance in vivo and that apoptotic cells can persist in the absence of proinflammatory consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Devitt
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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11
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Devitt A, Pierce S, Oldreive C, Shingler WH, Gregory CD. CD14-dependent clearance of apoptotic cells by human macrophages: the role of phosphatidylserine. Cell Death Differ 2003; 10:371-82. [PMID: 12700637 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic-cell clearance is dependent on several macrophage surface molecules, including CD14. Phosphatidylserine (PS) becomes externalised during apoptosis and participates in the clearance process through its ability to bind to a novel receptor, PS-R. CD14 has the proven ability to bind phospholipids and may function as an alternative receptor for the externalised PS of apoptotic cells. Here we demonstrate that CD14 does not function preferentially as a PS receptor in apoptotic-cell clearance. Compared with phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, PS was the least active phospholipid binding to human monocyte-derived macrophages and showed no specificity for soluble or membrane-anchored CD14. Significantly, PS-containing liposomes failed to inhibit CD14-dependent uptake of apoptotic cells by macrophages. PS exposure was, however, found to be insufficient for either CD14-dependent or CD14-independent apoptotic-cell uptake by phagocytes. The additional features that enable apoptotic-cell clearance are derived from mechanisms that can be divorced temporally from those responsible for the morphological features of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Devitt
- MRC Center for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
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12
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Oldreive C, Bradley N, Bruckdorfer R, Rice-Evans C. Lack of influence of dietary nitrate/nitrite on plasma nitrotyrosine levels measured using a competitive inhibition of binding ELISA assay. Free Radic Res 2001; 35:377-86. [PMID: 11697134 DOI: 10.1080/10715760100300891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The action of peroxynitrite in vivo has been proposed to account for the involvement of nitrotyrosine in the pathogenesis of many diseases. However, it has been demonstrated that nitrite under acidic conditions, similar to those in the human stomach, also has the ability to nitrate tyrosine. Dietary nitrate is also implicated in the progression of gastritis and gastric cancer and elevated levels of nitrate are found in many disease states in which nitrotyrosine may play a role. Thus, we investigated whether the dietary nitrate intake might contribute towards the plasma protein-bound levels of nitrotyrosine. Seven healthy, non-smokers participated in a two-day study consisting of a nitrate-low control day followed by a day during which three nitrate-rich meals were consumed. Maximal urinary excretion was attained 4-6 hours after consumption of a meal and the maximum was proportional to the dose. Plasma nitrate was elevated nine-fold, 1 hour after consumption of a meal containing 128.3 mg nitrate. Plasma nitrated protein levels did not appear to alter significantly from basal 1 hour after supplementation with a nitrate-rich meal. Thus dietary nitrate does not appear to contribute to the levels of plasma nitrated proteins, as determined using a competitive inhibition of binding ELISA assay, but this does not preclude any contribution it may make to the total body burden of nitrotyrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Oldreive
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT
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Abstract
The detection of 3-nitro-L-tyrosine residues associated with many disease states, including gastric cancer, has implicated a role for peroxynitrite in vivo, and thus endogenously produced nitric oxide and superoxide. Additionally, dietary nitrate has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer through a mechanism involving reduction to nitrite and subsequent formation of potentially mutagenic nitroso-compounds. Studies have now demonstrated that a multitude of reactive nitrogen species other than peroxynitrite are capable of producing nitrotyrosine. Thus, we have reviewed the evidence that dietary nitrate, amongst other reactive nitrogen species, may contribute to the body burden of nitrotyrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Oldreive
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT
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Oldreive C, Zhao K, Paganga G, Halliwell B, Rice-Evans C. Inhibition of nitrous acid-dependent tyrosine nitration and DNA base deamination by flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. Chem Res Toxicol 1998; 11:1574-9. [PMID: 9860503 DOI: 10.1021/tx980163p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of tyrosine or DNA bases to acidic nitrite at low pH results in the nitration of tyrosine and the formation of base deamination products, respectively. At pH 1, hypoxanthine and xanthine are formed from the deamination of adenine and guanine, respectively, whereas under the same conditions, uracil is not detected. The yield of 3-nitrotyrosine derived from interaction of equimolar nitrite and tyrosine at pH 1 is approximately 50% of that obtained from equimolar peroxynitrite-tyrosine interactions at pH 7. 4. The ability of a range of plant phenolic constituents to prevent damage mediated by acidic nitrite was also examined in comparison with the activity of vitamin C. The epicatechin/gallate family of flavonols, constituents of green tea, red wine, etc., demonstrates the most extensive inhibitory properties against both tyrosine nitration and base deamination. The results also show that ascorbic acid is a poor inhibitor of nitration or deamination under acidic conditions such as those of the stomach. The ability of plant phenolics to scavenge reactive nitrogen species derived from acidic nitrite may contribute to the protective effects of tea polyphenols against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Oldreive
- International Antioxidant Research Centre at UMDS-Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, and International Antioxidant Research Centre at King's College, Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX, U.K
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