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Peikert A, Claggett BL, Udell JA, Joseph J, Hegde SM, Kim K, Mao L, Wang T, Havighurst TC, Farkouh ME, Bhatt DL, Tattersall MC, Cooper LS, Solomon SD, Vardeny O. Influenza Vaccine Immune Response in Patients With High-Risk Cardiovascular Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the INVESTED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2024:2817470. [PMID: 38583091 PMCID: PMC11000133 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2024.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Importance High-dose trivalent compared with standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine did not significantly reduce all-cause mortality or cardiopulmonary hospitalizations in patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease in the INVESTED trial. Whether humoral immune response to influenza vaccine is associated with clinical outcomes is unknown. Objective To examine the antibody response to high-dose trivalent compared with standard-dose quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and its associations with clinical outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This secondary analysis is a prespecified analysis of the immune response substudy of the randomized, double-blind, active-controlled INVESTED trial, which was conducted at 157 sites in the United States and Canada over 3 influenza seasons between September 2016 and January 2019. Antibody titers were determined by hemagglutination inhibition assays at randomization and 4 weeks during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 seasons. Eligibility criteria included recent acute myocardial infarction or heart failure hospitalization and at least 1 additional risk factor. Data were analyzed from February 2023 to June 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Mean antibody titer change, seroprotection (antibody titer level ≥1:40) and seroconversion (≥4-fold increase in titer) at 4 weeks, and the association between seroconversion status and the risk for adverse clinical outcomes. Interventions High-dose trivalent or standard-dose quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, with revaccination up to 3 seasons. Results Antibody data were available for 658 of 5260 randomized participants (12.5%; mean [SD] age, 66.2 [11.4] years; 507 male [77.1%], 151 female [22.9%]; 348 with heart failure [52.9%]). High-dose vaccine was associated with an increased magnitude in antibody titers for A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B-type antigens compared with standard dose. More than 92% of all participants achieved seroprotection for each of the contained antigens, while seroconversion rates were higher in participants who received high-dose vaccine. Seroconversion for any antigen was not associated with the risk for cardiopulmonary hospitalizations or all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.79-1.53; P = .59), irrespective of randomized treatment (P = .38 for interaction). Conclusions and Relevance High-dose vaccine elicited a more robust humoral response in patients with heart failure or prior myocardial infarction enrolled in the INVESTED trial, with no association between seroconversion status and the risk for cardiopulmonary hospitalizations or all-cause mortality. Vaccination to prevent influenza remains critical in high-risk populations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02787044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Peikert
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brian L. Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob A. Udell
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network and Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob Joseph
- Department of Medicine, VA Providence Healthcare System and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sheila M. Hegde
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | - Lu Mao
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | - Thomas C. Havighurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | | | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York
| | - Matthew C. Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | | | - Scott D. Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Orly Vardeny
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis
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Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN, Busse PJ. Systemic Inflammation in Asthma: What Are the Risks and Impacts Outside the Airway? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024; 12:849-862. [PMID: 38355013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Airway inflammation in asthma has been well recognized for several decades, with general agreement on its role in asthma pathogenesis, symptoms, propensity toward exacerbation, and decline in lung function. This has led to universal recommendation in asthma management guidelines to incorporate the use of inhaled corticosteroid as an anti-inflammatory therapy for all patients with persistent asthma symptoms. However, there has been limited attention paid to the presence and potential impact of systemic inflammation in asthma. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological observations and cohort studies points to a host of downstream organ dysfunction in asthma especially among patients with longstanding or more severe disease, frequent exacerbations, and underlying risk factors for organ dysfunction. Most studies to date have focused on cognitive impairment, depression/anxiety, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular abnormalities. In this review, we summarize some of the evidence demonstrating these abnormalities and highlight the proposed mechanisms and potential benefits of treatment in limiting these extrapulmonary abnormalities in patients with asthma. The goal of this commentary is to raise awareness of the importance of recognizing potential extrapulmonary conditions associated with systemic inflammation of asthma. This area of treatment of patients with asthma is a large unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Paula J Busse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Tattersall MC, McClelland RL, Nagpal P, Deaño R, Blaha MJ, Stein JH. Incidental Coronary Artery Calcium on Chest CT in Persons Without Known Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:1269-1270. [PMID: 37747719 PMCID: PMC10520837 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examines the expected prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) on chest computed tomography (CT) in people without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
| | - Robyn L. McClelland
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Prashant Nagpal
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
| | - Roderick Deaño
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
| | - Michael J. Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James H. Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
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Hegde SM, Claggett BL, Udell JA, Kim K, Joseph J, Farkouh ME, Peikert A, Bhatt AS, Tattersall MC, Bhatt DL, Cooper LS, Solomon SD, Vardeny O. Temporal Association Among Influenza-Like Illness, Cardiovascular Events, and Vaccine Dose in Patients With High-Risk Cardiovascular Disease: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2331284. [PMID: 37707817 PMCID: PMC10502520 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Influenza-like illness (ILI) activity has been associated with increased risk of cardiopulmonary (CP) events during the influenza season. High-dose trivalent influenza vaccine was not superior to standard-dose quadrivalent vaccine for reducing these events in patients with high-risk cardiovascular (CV) disease in the Influenza Vaccine to Effectively Stop Cardio Thoracic Events and Decompensated Heart Failure (INVESTED) trial. Objective To evaluate whether high-dose trivalent influenza vaccination is associated with benefit over standard-dose quadrivalent vaccination in reducing CP events during periods of high, local influenza activity. Design, Setting, and Participants This study was a prespecified secondary analysis of INVESTED, a multicenter, double-blind, active comparator randomized clinical trial conducted over 3 consecutive influenza seasons from September 2016 to July 2019. Follow-up was completed in July 2019, and data were analyzed from September 21, 2016, to July 31, 2019. Weekly Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-reported, state-level ILI activity was ascertained to assess the weekly odds of the primary outcome. The study population included 3094 patients with high-risk CV disease from participating centers in the US. Intervention Participants were randomized to high-dose trivalent or standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine and revaccinated for up to 3 seasons. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the time to composite of all-cause death or CP hospitalization within each season. Additional measures included weekly CDC-reported ILI activity data by state. Results Among 3094 participants (mean [SD] age, 65 [12] years; 2309 male [75%]), we analyzed 129 285 person-weeks of enrollment, including 1396 composite primary outcome events (1278 CP hospitalization, 118 deaths). A 1% ILI increase in the prior week was associated with an increased risk in the primary outcome (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.21; P < .001), CP hospitalization (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.21; P < .001), and CV hospitalization (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.19; P = .001), after adjusting for state, demographic characteristics, enrollment strata, and CV risk factors. Increased ILI activity was not associated with all-cause death (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.88-1.13; P > .99). High-dose compared with standard-dose vaccine did not significantly reduce the primary outcome, even when the analysis was restricted to weeks of high ILI activity (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.65-1.20; P = .43). Traditionally warmer months in the US were associated with lower CV risk independent of local ILI activity. Conclusions and Relevance In this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, ILI activity was temporally associated with increased CP events in patients with high-risk CV disease, and a higher influenza vaccine dose did not significantly reduce temporal CV risk. Other seasonal factors may play a role in the coincident high rates of ILI and CV events. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02787044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M. Hegde
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian L. Claggett
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob A. Udell
- Women’s College Hospital and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Jacob Joseph
- Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michael E. Farkouh
- Women’s College Hospital and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Peikert
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ankeet S. Bhatt
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Northern California, Oakland
| | | | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York
| | - Lawton S. Cooper
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Orly Vardeny
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- VA Minneapolis Health Care System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Tattersall MC, Hughey CM, Piasecki TM, Korcarz CE, Hansen KM, Ott NR, Sandbo N, Fiore MC, Baker TB, Stein JH. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Responses to Acute Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Combustible Cigarettes in Long-Term Users. Chest 2023; 164:757-769. [PMID: 37044158 PMCID: PMC10504598 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acute cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of contemporary electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in long-term users are not known. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the cardiovascular and pulmonary responses to an acute 15-min product use challenge with ENDS and combustible cigarettes in regular nicotine-containing product users compared with control participants who do not use tobacco or vape? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Observational challenge study before and after nicotine-containing product use of 395 individuals who used ENDS exclusively (n = 164; exhaled carbon monoxide level, < 5 parts per million [ppm]; positive urine NicCheck I [Mossman Associates] results, 82%; fourth-generation ENDS), participants who smoked cigarettes exclusively (n = 117; carbon monoxide level, > 5 ppm; positive urine NicCheck I results), and control participants (n = 114; carbon monoxide level, < 5 ppm; negative urine NicCheck I results). RESULTS During the 15-min product challenge, cigarette users took a median of 14.0 puffs (interquartile range [IQR], 9.3 puffs); ENDS users took 9.0 puffs (IQR, 7.5 puffs; P < .001). After product challenge, compared with control participants, ENDS users showed greater increases in adjusted mean differences in systolic BP (5.6 mm Hg [95% CI, 4.4-6.8 mm Hg] vs 2.3 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.8-3.8 mm Hg]; P = .001), diastolic BP (4.2 mm Hg [95% CI, 3.3-5.0 mm Hg] vs 2.0 mm Hg [95% CI, 1.1-3.0 mm Hg; P = .003), and heart rate (4.8 beats/min [95% CI, 4.0-5.6 beats/min] vs -1.3 beats/min [95% CI, -2.2 to -0.3 beats/min]; P < .001) and greater reductions in brachial artery diameter (-0.011 cm [95% CI, -0.013 to 0.009 cm] vs -0.006 cm [95% CI, -0.004 to -0.009 cm]; P = .003), time-domain heart rate variability (-7.2 ms [95% CI, -10.5 to -3.7 ms] vs 3.6 ms [95% CI, 1.6-9.3 ms]; P = .001), and FEV1 (ENDS: -4.1 [95% CI, -5.4 to -2.8] vs control participants: -1.1 [95% CI, -2.7 to 0.6]; P = .005) with values similar to those of cigarette users. ENDS users performed worse than control participants on all exercise parameters, notably metabolic equivalents (METs; adjusted mean difference, 1.28 METs [95% CI, 0.73-1.83 METs]; P < .001) and 60-s heart rate recovery (adjusted mean difference, 2.9 beats/min [95% CI, 0.7-5.0 beats/min]; P = .008). INTERPRETATION ENDS users had acute worsening of blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability, as well as vasoconstriction, impaired exercise tolerance, and increased airflow obstruction after vaping, compared to control participants. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03863509; URL: www. CLINICALTRIALS gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Christina M Hughey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Thomas M Piasecki
- University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Kristin M Hansen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Nancy R Ott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Nathan Sandbo
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Michael C Fiore
- University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Timothy B Baker
- University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
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Mukaddim RA, Liu Y, Graham M, Eickhoff JC, Weichmann AM, Tattersall MC, Korcarz CE, Stein JH, Varghese T, Eliceiri KW, Mitchell C. In Vivo Adaptive Bayesian Regularized Lagrangian Carotid Strain Imaging for Murine Carotid Arteries and Its Associations With Histological Findings. Ultrasound Med Biol 2023; 49:2103-2112. [PMID: 37400303 PMCID: PMC10527160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-invasive methods for monitoring arterial health and identifying early injury to optimize treatment for patients are desirable. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the use of an adaptive Bayesian regularized Lagrangian carotid strain imaging (ABR-LCSI) algorithm for monitoring of atherogenesis in a murine model and examine associations between the ultrasound strain measures and histology. METHODS Ultrasound radiofrequency (RF) data were acquired from both the right and left common carotid artery (CCA) of 10 (5 male and 5 female) ApoE tm1Unc/J mice at 6, 16 and 24 wk. Lagrangian accumulated axial, lateral and shear strain images and three strain indices-maximum accumulated strain index (MASI), peak mean strain of full region of interest (ROI) index (PMSRI) and strain at peak axial displacement index (SPADI)-were estimated using the ABR-LCSI algorithm. Mice were euthanized (n = 2 at 6 and 16 wk, n = 6 at 24 wk) for histology examination. RESULTS Sex-specific differences in strain indices of mice at 6, 16 and 24 wk were observed. For male mice, axial PMSRI and SPADI changed significantly from 6 to 24 wk (mean axial PMSRI at 6 wk = 14.10 ± 5.33% and that at 24 wk = -3.03 ± 5.61%, p < 0.001). For female mice, lateral MASI increased significantly from 6 to 24 wk (mean lateral MASI at 6 wk = 10.26 ± 3.13% and that at 24 wk = 16.42 ± 7.15%, p = 0.048). Both cohorts exhibited strong associations with ex vivo histological findings (male mice: correlation between number of elastin fibers and axial PMSRI: rs = 0.83, p = 0.01; female mice: correlation between shear MASI and plaque score: rs = 0.77, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The results indicate that ABR-LCSI can be used to measure arterial wall strain in a murine model and that changes in strain are associated with changes in arterial wall structure and plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Al Mukaddim
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuming Liu
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Melissa Graham
- Research Animal Resources and Compliance, Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jens C Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ashley M Weichmann
- Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tomy Varghese
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carol Mitchell
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Mitchell C, Al Mukaddim R, Liu Y, Graham M, Eickhoff JC, Weichmann AM, Tattersall MC, Korcarz CE, Stein JH, Varghese T, Eliceiri KW. Changes in carotid artery texture by ultrasound and elastin features in a murine model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1215449. [PMID: 37560112 PMCID: PMC10407807 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1215449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In humans, arterial grayscale ultrasound texture features independently predict adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and change with medical interventions. We performed this study to examine how grayscale ultrasound texture features and elastin fibers change in plaque-free segments of the arterial wall in a murine model prone to atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 10 Apoetm1Unc/J mice (n = 5 male, n = 5 female) were imaged at 6, 16, and 24 weeks of age. Two mice were euthanized at 6 and 16 weeks and the remaining mice at 24 weeks. Texture features were extracted from the ultrasound images of the distal 1.0 mm of the common carotid artery wall, and elastin measures were extracted from histology images. Two-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate associations between week, sex, and grayscale texture features. Texture feature and elastin number comparisons between weeks were conducted using the sex-by-week two-way interaction contrasts. Sex-specific correlations between the number of elastin fibers and grayscale texture features were analyzed by conducting non-parametric Spearman's rank correlation analyses. RESULTS Arterial wall homogeneity changed significantly in male mice from 6 to 24 weeks, with a mean (SD) of 0.14 (0.03) units at 6 weeks and 0.18 (0.03) units at 24 weeks (p = 0.026). Spatial gray level dependence matrices-homogeneity (SGLD-HOM) also correlated with carotid artery plaque score (rs = 0.707, p = 0.033). Elastin fibers in the region of interest decreased from 6 to 24 weeks for both male and female mice, although only significantly in male mice. The mean (SD) number of elastin fibers for male mice was 5.32 (1.50) at 6 weeks and 3.59 (0.38) at 24 weeks (p = 0.023). For female mice, the mean (SD) number of elastin fibers was 3.98 (0.38) at 6 weeks and 3.46 (0.19) at 24 weeks (p = 0.051). CONCLUSION Grayscale ultrasound texture features that are associated with increased risk for CVD events in humans were used in a murine model, and the grayscale texture feature SGLD-HOM was shown to change in male mice from 6 weeks to 24 weeks. Structural alterations of the arterial wall (change in elastin fiber number) were observed during this time and may differ by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Rashid Al Mukaddim
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yuming Liu
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Melissa Graham
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory, Research Animal Resources and Compliance, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jens C. Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ashley M. Weichmann
- Carbone Cancer Center, Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Claudia E. Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - James H. Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tomy Varghese
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
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Tattersall MC, Esnault S, Stewart R, Vereide DT, Swanson S, Zhang J, Steill J, Jarjour N, Hansen KM, Korcarz CE, Baker TB, Stein JH. Effects of an In Vivo Vaping Challenge on In Vitro Interleukin-6 Biosynthesis Pathways in Arterial Endothelial Cells Derived From Human Embryonic Stem Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2023:e030139. [PMID: 37449574 PMCID: PMC10382107 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | - Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | | | | | | | - Jue Zhang
- Morgridge Institute for Research Madison WI
| | | | - Nizar Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | - Kristin M Hansen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | - Timothy B Baker
- University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI) University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI
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Nechyporenko A, Tedla YG, Korcarz C, Tattersall MC, Greenland P, Gepner AD. Association of statin therapy with progression of carotid arterial stiffness: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Hypertens Res 2023; 46:679-687. [PMID: 36434289 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness progresses with age and is a predictor of adverse cardiovascular disease events. Studies examining associations of statin therapy with arterial stiffness have yielded mixed results. Associations between the duration and intensity of statin therapy and arterial stiffness have not been studied in a prospective multiethnic cohort. MESA participants (n = 1242) with statin medication use data at each exam (1-5) and who had undergone B-mode carotid ultrasound at baseline and at Exam 5 after (mean ± [SD]) 9.4 ± 0.5 years were analyzed. Carotid arterial stiffness was measured using the distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young's elastic modulus (YEM). Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between DC and YEM and statin treatment duration and intensity. At baseline, participants were 66.5 ± 8.1 years old, 41% female, 36% White, 30% African American, 14% Chinese American, and 20% Hispanic. The mean baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 149.5 ± 14.5 mg/dL. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and CVD risk factors, the percent changes in DC and YEM were found to not be significantly different in individuals on statin therapy at any combination of visits (1-4) compared to participants never on statin therapy (all p > 0.32). There were also no differences in the percent change in DC and YEM based on statin therapy intensity by quartile (all p > 0.14) over the 10-year follow-up period. Based on the aforementioned results, statin therapy was not associated with changes in carotid artery stiffness over nearly a decade of follow-up regardless of therapy duration or intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy Nechyporenko
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yacob G Tedla
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claudia Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Philip Greenland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam D Gepner
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. .,William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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10
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Tattersall MC, Lee KE, Tsuchiya N, Osman F, Korcarz CE, Hansen KM, Peters MC, Fahy JV, Longhurst CA, Dunican E, Wentzel SE, Leader JK, Israel E, Levy BD, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Lempel J, Moore WC, Bleecker ER, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Hoffman EA, Fain SB, Reeder SB, Sorkness RL, Jarjour NN, Denlinger LC, Schiebler ML. Skeletal Muscle Adiposity and Lung Function Trajectory in the Severe Asthma Research Program. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:475-484. [PMID: 36194556 PMCID: PMC9940151 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0597oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Extrapulmonary manifestations of asthma, including fatty infiltration in tissues, may reflect systemic inflammation and influence lung function and disease severity. Objectives: To determine if skeletal muscle adiposity predicts lung function trajectory in asthma. Methods: Adult SARP III (Severe Asthma Research Program III) participants with baseline computed tomography imaging and longitudinal postbronchodilator FEV1% predicted (median follow-up 5 years [1,132 person-years]) were evaluated. The mean of left and right paraspinous muscle density (PSMD) at the 12th thoracic vertebral body was calculated (Hounsfield units [HU]). Lower PSMD reflects higher muscle adiposity. We derived PSMD reference ranges from healthy control subjects without asthma. A linear multivariable mixed-effects model was constructed to evaluate associations of baseline PSMD and lung function trajectory stratified by sex. Measurements and Main Results: Participants included 219 with asthma (67% women; mean [SD] body mass index, 32.3 [8.8] kg/m2) and 37 control subjects (51% women; mean [SD] body mass index, 26.3 [4.7] kg/m2). Participants with asthma had lower adjusted PSMD than control subjects (42.2 vs. 55.8 HU; P < 0.001). In adjusted models, PSMD predicted lung function trajectory in women with asthma (β = -0.47 Δ slope per 10-HU decrease; P = 0.03) but not men (β = 0.11 Δ slope per 10-HU decrease; P = 0.77). The highest PSMD tertile predicted a 2.9% improvement whereas the lowest tertile predicted a 1.8% decline in FEV1% predicted among women with asthma over 5 years. Conclusions: Participants with asthma have lower PSMD, reflecting greater muscle fat infiltration. Baseline PSMD predicted lung function decline among women with asthma but not men. These data support an important role of metabolic dysfunction in lung function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nanae Tsuchiya
- Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Michael C. Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - John V. Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Eleanor Dunican
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- St. Vincent’s Hospital Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sally E. Wentzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Joseph K. Leader
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - Jason Lempel
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wendy C. Moore
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Eugene R. Bleecker
- Division of Genetics and
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Brenda R. Phillips
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and
| | - David T. Mauger
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Radiology, and
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | | | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care
- Department of Medicine
| | | | - Mark L. Schiebler
- Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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11
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Abstract
Asthma and cardiovascular disease (CVD) pose significant public health burdens. Airway inflammation is central to asthma pathophysiology and systemic inflammation, which occurs in asthma, is central to CVD pathophysiology. Numerous robust epidemiological studies have demonstrated deleterious systemic cardiovascular effects associated with the asthma syndrome. The cardiovascular effects associated with asthma include arterial injury, atherosclerotic CVD events, atrial fibrillation, and hypertension. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, however, and the risk of CVD is not homogeneous across the various clinical phenotypes and molecular endotypes, highlighting prior inconsistent associations of asthma and its subtypes with various forms of CVD. The mechanistic underpinnings of the increased CVD risk in asthma remain multifactorial and undefined. Collectively, this supports the need for a precision approach in the identification of individuals with asthma who remain at elevated risk of development of cardiovascular diseases to guide both diagnostic and preventive interventions to decrease CVD risk among individuals living with asthma.
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12
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Tattersall MC, Dasiewicz AS, McClelland RL, Jarjour NN, Korcarz CE, Mitchell CC, Esnault S, Szklo M, Stein JH. Persistent Asthma Is Associated With Carotid Plaque in MESA. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026644. [PMID: 36416156 PMCID: PMC9851438 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Asthma and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease share an underlying inflammatory pathophysiology. We hypothesized that persistent asthma is associated with carotid plaque burden, a strong predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. Methods and Results The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) enrolled adults free of known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at baseline. Subtype of asthma was determined at examination 1. Persistent asthma was defined as asthma requiring use of controller medications, and intermittent asthma was defined as asthma without controller medications. B-mode carotid ultrasound was performed to detect carotid plaques (total plaque score [TPS], range 0-12). Multivariable regression modeling with robust variances evaluated the association of asthma subtype and carotid plaque burden. The 5029 participants were a mean (SD) age of 61.6 (10.0) years (53% were women, 26% were Black individuals, 23% were Hispanic individuals, and 12% were Chinese individuals). Carotid plaque was present in 50.5% of participants without asthma (TPS, 1.29 [1.80]), 49.5% of participants with intermittent asthma (TPS, 1.25 [1.76]), and 67% of participants with persistent asthma (TPS, 2.08 [2.35]) (P≤0.003). Participants with persistent asthma had higher interleukin-6 (1.89 [1.61] pg/mL) than participants without asthma (1.52 [1.21] pg/mL; P=0.02). In fully adjusted models, persistent asthma was associated with carotid plaque presence (odds ratio, 1.83 [95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.76]; P<0.001) and TPS (β=0.66; P<0.01), without attenuation after adjustment for baseline interleukin-6 (P=0.02) or CRP (C-reactive protein) (P=0.01). Conclusions Participants with persistent asthma had higher carotid plaque burden and higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers, compared with participants without asthma. Adjustment for baseline inflammatory biomarkers did not attenuate the association between carotid plaque and asthma subtype, highlighting the increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among those with persistent asthma may be multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI
| | - Alison S. Dasiewicz
- Centre for Global Child HealthHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Claudia E. Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI
| | - Carol C. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI
| | - Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - James H. Stein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI
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13
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Peters MC, Schiebler ML, Cardet JC, Johansson MW, Sorkness R, DeBoer MD, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Castro M, Sumino K, Erzurum SC, Tattersall MC, Zein JG, Hastie AT, Moore W, Levy BD, Israel E, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Wenzel SE, Fajt ML, Koliwad SK, Denlinger LC, Woodruff PG, Jarjour NN, Fahy JV. The Impact of Insulin Resistance on Loss of Lung Function and Response to Treatment in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1096-1106. [PMID: 35687105 PMCID: PMC9704842 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2745oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The role of obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) in airflow limitation in asthma is uncertain. Objectives: Using data in the Severe Asthma Research Program 3 (SARP-3), we evaluated relationships between homeostatic measure of IR (HOMA-IR), lung function (cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses), and treatment responses to bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Methods: HOMA-IR values were categorized as without (<3.0), moderate (3.0-5.0), or severe (>5.0). Lung function included FEV1 and FVC measured before and after treatment with inhaled albuterol and intramuscular triamcinolone acetonide and yearly for 5 years. Measurements and Main Results: Among 307 participants in SARP-3, 170 (55%) were obese and 140 (46%) had IR. Compared with patients without IR, those with IR had significantly lower values for FEV1 and FVC, and these lower values were not attributable to obesity effects. Compared with patients without IR, those with IR had lower FEV1 responses to β-adrenergic agonists and systemic corticosteroids. The annualized decline in FEV1 was significantly greater in patients with moderate IR (-41 ml/year) and severe IR (-32 ml/year,) than in patients without IR (-13 ml/year, P < 0.001 for both comparisons). Conclusions: IR is common in asthma and is associated with lower lung function, accelerated loss of lung function, and suboptimal lung function responses to bronchodilator and corticosteroid treatments. Clinical trials in patients with asthma and IR are needed to determine if improving IR might also improve lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mark L. Schiebler
- Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mats W. Johansson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, and
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ronald Sorkness
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mark D. DeBoer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Eugene R. Bleecker
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Deborah A. Meyers
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kaharu Sumino
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Matthew C. Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joe G. Zein
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Annette T. Hastie
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Wendy Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Bruce D. Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brenda R. Phillips
- Division of Statistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - David T. Mauger
- Division of Statistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Merritt L. Fajt
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Suneil K. Koliwad
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Loren C. Denlinger
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - John V. Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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14
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Moon KB, Tattersall MC, Adoe M, Osman F, Rahko PS. Evaluation of inter-observer variability regarding aortic and mitral valve findings on transesophageal echocardiograms ordered for suspected endocarditis. Echocardiography 2022; 39:906-917. [PMID: 35733298 PMCID: PMC9541542 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the gold standard for the detection of valvular vegetations (VV). Differentiating small VV from degenerative changes is challenging and prone to inter‐observer variability. We evaluated inter‐observer agreement regarding aortic (AV) and mitral valve (MV) findings on TEEs ordered for suspected infective endocarditis (IE). Methods A total of 349 consecutive TEEs were evaluated. Studies were classified as “definite, possible, or no” IE with valve masses classified further by morphology. Nine faculty echocardiographers scored randomly selected TEEs of the AV (N = 38) and MV (N = 35). Inter‐reader variability was calculated using the Fleiss/Scott Kappa (Kf). Results Positive blood cultures were present in 81% and 45% had definite IE by the modified Duke criteria. There was moderate reader agreement regarding the presence of a valvular mass for both the AV (Kf = .41, 95% CI [.30–.53]) and MV (Kf = .49, 95% CI [.34–.65]). For diagnosis of IE, there was fair agreement for the AV (Kf = .29, 95% CI [.18–.42]) and moderate agreement for the MV (Kf = .53, 95% CI [.36–.70]). Masses described as large, multi‐lobulated, or pedunculated were more frequently categorized as clinical IE, (p < .006, both valves), however those with filamentous lesions were not (p < .001, both valves). Conclusions In a large academic center, the inter‐observer agreement for the presence of a left sided valvular mass was moderate and agreement regarding the final diagnosis of IE was fair to moderate, with better agreement among readers evaluating the MV. Lesion morphology is associated with the clinical diagnosis of IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina B Moon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Maame Adoe
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Fauzia Osman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter S Rahko
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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15
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Pewowaruk R, Tedla Y, Korcarz C, Tattersall MC, Stein J, Chesler N, Gepner AD. Carotid Artery Stiffening With Aging: Structural Versus Load-Dependent Mechanisms in MESA (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Hypertension 2022; 79:150-158. [PMID: 34775788 PMCID: PMC8665067 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Elastic arteries stiffen via 2 main mechanisms: (1) load-dependent stiffening from higher blood pressure and (2) structural stiffening due to changes in the vessel wall. Differentiating these closely coupled mechanisms is important to understanding vascular aging. MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) participants with B-mode carotid ultrasound and brachial blood pressure at exam 1 and exam 5 (year 10) were included in this study (n=2604). Peterson and Young elastic moduli were calculated to represent total stiffness. Structural stiffness was calculated by adjusting Peterson and Young elastic moduli to a standard blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg with participant-specific models. Load-dependent stiffness was the difference between total and structural stiffness. Changes in carotid artery stiffness mechanisms over 10 years were compared by age groups with ANCOVA models adjusted for baseline cardiovascular disease risk factors. The 75- to 84-year age group had the greatest change in total, structural, and load-dependent stiffening compared with younger groups (P<0.05). Only age and cessation of antihypertensive medication were predictive of structural stiffening, whereas age, race/ethnicity, education, blood pressure, cholesterol, and antihypertensive medication were predictive of increased load-dependent stiffening. On average, structural stiffening accounted for the vast majority of total stiffening, but 37% of participants had more load-dependent than structural stiffening. Rates of structural and load-dependent carotid artery stiffening increased with age. Structural stiffening was consistently observed, and load-dependent stiffening was highly variable. Heterogeneity in arterial stiffening mechanisms with aging may influence cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Pewowaruk
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yacob Tedla
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Medicine – Division of Epidemiology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claudia Korcarz
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew C. Tattersall
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James Stein
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Naomi Chesler
- University of California – Irvine, Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advance Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam D. Gepner
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veteran’s Hospital, Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
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16
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Pewowaruk R, Tedla Y, Korcarz CE, Tattersall MC, Stein JH, Chesler NC, Gepner A. Abstract MP15: Structural Vs. Acute Load Dependent Mechanisms For Carotid Artery Stiffening With Aging: The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.mp15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Aging stiffens arteries, increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Elastic arteries stiffen via two main mechanisms: 1) acute load dependent stiffening from higher blood pressure (BP), and 2) structural stiffening such as collagen accumulation. AHA’s arterial stiffness scientific statement highlights differentiating structural vs acute load dependent stiffening with aging as a crucial, unanswered question.
Hypothesis:
Longitudinal rates of structural and acute load dependent arterial stiffening will differ based on age.
Methods:
MESA participants with B-mode carotid ultrasound and brachial BP at Exam 1 and Exam 5 (year 10) were included in this study (n=2604). Peterson’s and Young’s elastic moduli (PEM and YEM) were calculated to represent total stiffness. Structural stiffness was calculated by adjusting PEM and YEM to a standard BP of 120/80 mmHg with participant-specific models. Acute load dependent stiffness was the difference of total and structural stiffness. Changes in carotid artery stiffness mechanisms over 10 years were compared by age groups with ANCOVA models adjusted for baseline CVD risk factors.
Results:
The 75-84 age group had the greatest rate of total (p<0.001), structural (p<0.01), and acute load dependent stiffening (p<0.05) compared to younger groups. Only age was predictive of structural stiffening, but age, race/ethnicity, education, BP, cholesterol, and medications were predictive of increased acute load dependent stiffening. On average, structural stiffening accounted for the vast majority (>99%) of total stiffening, but 37% of participants had more acute load dependent than structural stiffening.
Conclusions:
Rates of structural and acute load dependent carotid artery stiffening increased with age. Structural stiffening was consistently observed, and acute load dependent stiffening was highly variable. The heterogeneity in arterial stiffening mechanisms with aging may influence CVD development.
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17
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Mehta A, Rigdon J, Tattersall MC, German CA, Barringer TA, Joshi PH, Sperling LS, Budoff MJ, Bertoni A, Michos ED, Blaha MJ, Stein JH, Shapiro MD. Association of Carotid Artery Plaque With Cardiovascular Events and Incident Coronary Artery Calcium in Individuals With Absent Coronary Calcification: The MESA. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 14:e011701. [PMID: 33827231 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.120.011701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Absence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) identifies asymptomatic individuals at low cardiovascular disease risk. Carotid artery plaque is a marker of increased risk, but its association with cardiovascular risk and incident CAC in people without CAC is unclear. METHODS Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants with CAC score of 0 at enrollment who also underwent carotid plaque measurement using B-mode ultrasonography were prospectively followed for incident coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular disease events, and CAC (score >0 on up to 3 serial computed tomography scans). The association of carotid plaque presence and plaque score (Ln[score+1]) at baseline with cardiovascular events and incident CAC was evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for demographics, risk factors, and statin use. RESULTS Among these 2673 participants (58 years, 64% women, 34% White, 30% Black, 24% Hispanic, and 12% Chinese), carotid plaque at baseline was observed in 973 (36%) and the median plaque score (range, 1-12) among those with plaque was 1. A total of 79 coronary heart disease, 80 stroke, and 151 cardiovascular disease events were observed during 16.1 years of follow-up. Carotid plaque presence and plaque score were independently associated with coronary heart disease risk (HRs, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.04-2.66]; and 1.48 [95% CI, 1.01-2.17], respectively) but not with stroke and cardiovascular disease risk. A total of 973 (36.4%) participants developed CAC over the evaluation period (median 9.3 years). Carotid plaque presence and plaque score were independently associated with incident CAC (HRs, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.18-1.54]; and 1.37 [95% CI, 1.21-1.54]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The presence and extent of carotid plaque are associated with long-term coronary heart disease risk and incident CAC among middle-aged asymptomatic individuals with an initial CAC score of 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.M., L.S.S.)
| | - Joseph Rigdon
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science (J.R.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., J.H.S.)
| | - Charles A German
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.A.G., A.B.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Parag H Joshi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (P.H.J.)
| | - Laurence S Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.M., L.S.S.)
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA (M.J.Budoff)
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.A.G., A.B.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Erin D Michos
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD (E.D.M., M.J.Blaha)
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD (E.D.M., M.J.Blaha)
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., J.H.S.)
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Ceponiene I, Li D, El Khoudary SR, Nakanishi R, Stein JH, Wong ND, Nezarat N, Kanisawa M, Rahmani S, Osawa K, Tattersall MC, Budoff MJ. Association of Coronary Calcium, Carotid Wall Thickness, and Carotid Plaque Progression With Low-Density Lipoprotein and High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Concentration Measured by Ion Mobility (From Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA]). Am J Cardiol 2021; 142:52-58. [PMID: 33278360 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Current risk stratification strategies do not fully explain cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to evaluate the association of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-P) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-P) particles with progression of coronary artery calcium and carotid wall injury. All participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis (MESA) with LDL-P and HDL-P measured by ion mobility, coronary artery calcium score (CAC), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and carotid plaque data available at Exam 1 and 5 were included in the study. CAC progression was annualized and treated as a categorical or continuous variable. Carotid IMT and plaque progression were treated as continuous variables. Fully adjusted regression models included established CVD risk factors, as well as traditional lipids. Mean (±SD) follow-up duration was 9.6 ± 0.6 years. All LDL-P subclasses as well as large HDL-P at baseline were positively and significantly associated with annualized CAC progression, however, after adjustment for established risk factors and traditional lipids, only the association with medium and very small LDL-P remained significant (β -0.02, p = 0.019 and β 0.01, p = 0.003, per 1 nmol/l increase, respectively). Carotid plaque score progression was positively associated with small and very small LDL-P (p <0.01 for all) and non-HDL-P (p = 0.013). Only the association with very small LDL-P remained significant in a fully adjusted model (p = 0.035). Mean IMT progression was not associated with any of the lipid particles. In conclusion, in the MESA cohort, LDL-P measured by ion mobility was significantly associated with CAC progression as well as carotid plaque progression beyond the effect of traditional lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indre Ceponiene
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Department of Cardiology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dong Li
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California; Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Samar R El Khoudary
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rine Nakanishi
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - James H Stein
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nathan D Wong
- University of California, Irvine, Division of Cardiology, Orange, California
| | - Negin Nezarat
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Mitsuru Kanisawa
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Sina Rahmani
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Kazuhiro Osawa
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
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Esnault S, Khosravi M, Kelly EA, Liu LY, Bochkov YA, Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN. Increased IL-6 and Potential IL-6 trans-signalling in the airways after an allergen challenge. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:564-573. [PMID: 33471392 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma, IL-6 is a potential cause of enhanced inflammation, tissue damage and airway dysfunction. IL-6 signalling is regulated by its receptor, which is composed of two proteins, IL-6R and GP130. In addition to their membrane form, these two proteins may be found as extracellular soluble forms. The interaction of IL-6 with soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) can trigger IL-6 trans-signalling in cells lacking IL-6R. Conversely, the soluble form of GP130 (sGP130) competes with its membrane form to inhibit IL-6 trans-signalling. OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyse IL-6 trans-signalling proteins in the airways of subjects after an allergen challenge. METHODS We used a model of segmental bronchoprovocation with an allergen (SBP-Ag) in human subjects with allergy. Before and 48 h after SBP-Ag, bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) allowed for the analysis of proteins in BAL fluids (BALFs) by ELISA, and membrane proteins on the surface of BAL cells by flow cytometry. In addition, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and used proteomic data to further inform on the expression of the IL-6R subunits by eosinophils, bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, we measured the effect of IL-6 trans-signalling on bronchial fibroblasts, in vitro. RESULTS IL-6, sIL-6R, sGP130 and the molar ratio of sIL-6R/sGP130 increased in the airways after SBP-Ag, suggesting the potential for enhanced IL-6 trans-signalling activity. BAL lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils displayed IL-6R on their surface and were all possible providers of sIL-6R, whereas GP130 was highly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, bronchial fibroblasts activated by IL-6 trans-signalling produced enhanced amounts of the chemokine, MCP-1 (CCL2). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE After a bronchial allergen challenge, we found augmentation of the elements of IL-6 trans-signalling. Allergen-induced IL-6 trans-signalling activity can activate fibroblasts to produce chemokines that can further enhance inflammation and lung dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lin Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yury A Bochkov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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20
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Vardeny O, Kim K, Udell JA, Joseph J, Desai AS, Farkouh ME, Hegde SM, Hernandez AF, McGeer A, Talbot HK, Anand I, Bhatt DL, Cannon CP, DeMets D, Gaziano JM, Goodman SG, Nichol K, Tattersall MC, Temte JL, Wittes J, Yancy C, Claggett B, Chen Y, Mao L, Havighurst TC, Cooper LS, Solomon SD. Effect of High-Dose Trivalent vs Standard-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine on Mortality or Cardiopulmonary Hospitalization in Patients With High-risk Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325:39-49. [PMID: 33275134 PMCID: PMC7718608 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.23649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Influenza is temporally associated with cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality among those with cardiovascular disease who may mount a less vigorous immune response to vaccination. Higher influenza vaccine dose has been associated with reduced risk of influenza illness. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine compared with standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine would reduce all-cause death or cardiopulmonary hospitalization in high-risk patients with cardiovascular disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Pragmatic multicenter, double-blind, active comparator randomized clinical trial conducted in 5260 participants vaccinated for up to 3 influenza seasons in 157 sites in the US and Canada between September 21, 2016, and January 31, 2019. Patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction or heart failure hospitalization and at least 1 additional risk factor were eligible. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomly assigned to receive high-dose trivalent (n = 2630) or standard-dose quadrivalent (n = 2630) inactivated influenza vaccine and could be revaccinated for up to 3 seasons. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the time to the composite of all-cause death or cardiopulmonary hospitalization during each enrolling season. The final date of follow-up was July 31, 2019. Vaccine-related adverse events were also assessed. RESULTS Among 5260 randomized participants (mean [SD] age, 65.5 [12.6] years; 3787 [72%] men; 3289 [63%] with heart failure) over 3 influenza seasons, there were 7154 total vaccinations administered and 5226 (99.4%) participants completed the trial. In the high-dose trivalent vaccine group, there were 975 primary outcome events (883 hospitalizations for cardiovascular or pulmonary causes and 92 deaths from any cause) among 884 participants during 3577 participant-seasons (event rate, 45 per 100 patient-years), whereas in the standard-dose quadrivalent vaccine group, there were 924 primary outcome events (846 hospitalizations for cardiovascular or pulmonary causes and 78 deaths from any cause) among 837 participants during 3577 participant-seasons (event rate, 42 per 100 patient-years) (hazard ratio, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.97-1.17]; P = .21). In the high-dose vs standard-dose groups, vaccine-related adverse reactions occurred in 1449 (40.5%) vs 1229 (34.4%) participants and severe adverse reactions occurred in 55 (2.1%) vs 44 (1.7%) participants. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease, high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, compared with standard-dose quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, did not significantly reduce all-cause mortality or cardiopulmonary hospitalizations. Influenza vaccination remains strongly recommended in this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02787044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Vardeny
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | - Jacob A. Udell
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacob Joseph
- Department of Medicine, Boston VA, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Akshay S. Desai
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael E. Farkouh
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sheila M. Hegde
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Allison McGeer
- Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - H. Keipp Talbot
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Inder Anand
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher P. Cannon
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Department of Medicine, Boston VA, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Kristin Nichol
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Jonathan L. Temte
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | | | - Clyde Yancy
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian Claggett
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | - Lu Mao
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | - Thomas C. Havighurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | | | - Scott D. Solomon
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Acharya A, Glurich I, Hetzel S, Kim K, Tattersall MC, DeMets DL, Hennekens CH. Correlation Between Oral Health and Systemic Inflammation (COHESION): A Randomized Pilot Follow-Up Trial of a Plaque-Identifying Toothpaste. Am J Med 2020; 133:994-998. [PMID: 32105658 PMCID: PMC8097693 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is intimately involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is accurately measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a sensitive marker for future risk of cardiovascular disease. The Correlation between Oral Health and Systemic Inflammation (COHESION) trial was designed to test the hypothesis that PlaqueHD, a plaque-identifying toothpaste, reduces hs-CRP. METHODS The trial was designed initially to include 132 subjects with hs-CRP between 2.0 and 10.0 mg/L but instead randomized 112 between 0.5 and 10.0, of which 103 had baseline and follow-up data and comprised the intention-to-treat sample. Of these, a prespecified subgroup analysis included 40 with baseline hs-CRP >2.0 and all hs-CRP <10. Because the distribution of hs-CRP was skewed toward higher values, to achieve normality assumptions, the significance of changes in hs-CRP between groups over time was tested on log-transformed data using a mixed effects analysis of variance. RESULTS The intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant differences between the PlaqueHD and placebo group (P = .615). The prespecified subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the PlaqueHD and placebo group (P = .047). Results of the analysis showed a reduction in hs-CRP at follow-up of 0.58 in the PlaqueHD and an increase of 0.55 in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS These findings are compatible with those of a prior pilot trial that also suggested benefits only in subjects with baseline elevations. Future trials targeting reductions of hs-CRP levels should randomize subjects with baseline hs-CRP between 2.0 and 10.0 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Acharya
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - Scott Hetzel
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - KyungMann Kim
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - David L DeMets
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Charles H Hennekens
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL.
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22
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Tattersall MC, Dasiewicz AS, McClelland RL, Gepner AD, Kalscheur MM, Field ME, Heckbert SR, Hamdan MH, Stein JH. Persistent Asthma Is Associated With Increased Risk for Incident Atrial Fibrillation in the MESA. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 13:e007685. [PMID: 32013555 DOI: 10.1161/circep.119.007685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and atrial fibrillation (AF) share an underlying inflammatory pathophysiology. We hypothesized that persistent asthmatics are at higher risk for developing AF and that this association would be attenuated by adjustment for baseline markers of systemic inflammation. METHODS The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is a prospective longitudinal study of adults free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Presence of asthma was determined at exam 1. Persistent asthma was defined as asthma requiring use of controller medications. Intermittent asthma was defined as asthma without use of controller medications. Participants were followed for a median of 12.9 (interquartile range, 10-13.6) years for incident AF. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess associations of asthma subtype and AF. RESULTS The 6615 participants were a mean (SD) 62.0 (10.2) years old (47% male, 27% black, 12% Chinese, and 22% Hispanic). AF incidence rates were 0.11 (95% CI, 0.01-0.12) events/10 person-years for nonasthmatics, 0.11 (95% CI, 0.08-0.14) events/10 person-years for intermittent asthmatics, and 0.19 (95% CI, 0.120.49) events/10 person-years for persistent asthmatics (log-rank P=0.008). In risk-factor adjusted models, persistent asthmatics had a greater risk of incident AF (hazard ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.03-2.14], P=0.03). IL (Interleukin)-6 (hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.13-1.42]), TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α receptor 1 (hazard ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.08-1.11]) and D-dimer (hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02-1.20]) predicted incident AF, but the relationship between asthma and incident AF was not attenuated by adjustment for any inflammation marker (IL-6, CRP [C-reactive protein], TNF-α R1, D-dimer, and fibrinogen). CONCLUSIONS In a large multiethnic cohort with nearly 13 years follow-up, persistent asthma was associated with increased risk for incident AF. This association was not attenuated by adjustment for baseline inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
| | - Alison S Dasiewicz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.).,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle (A.S.D., R.L.M.)
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle (A.S.D., R.L.M.)
| | - Adam D Gepner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.M.K.)
| | - Matthew M Kalscheur
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.).,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.M.K.)
| | - Michael E Field
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (M.E.F.)
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (S.R.H.).,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle (S.R.H.)
| | - Mohamed H Hamdan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., A.D.G., M.M.K., M.H.H., J.H.S.)
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23
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Ash SY, Sanchez-Ferrero GV, Schiebler ML, Rahaghi FN, Rai A, Come CE, Ross JC, Colon AG, Cardet JC, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Fahy JV, Fain SB, Gaston BM, Hoffman EA, Jarjour NN, Lempel JK, Mauger DT, Tattersall MC, Wenzel SE, Levy BD, Washko GR, Israel E, San Jose Estepar R. Estimated Ventricular Size, Asthma Severity, and Exacerbations: The Severe Asthma Research Program III Cohort. Chest 2019; 157:258-267. [PMID: 31521672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relative enlargement of the pulmonary artery (PA) on chest CT imaging is associated with respiratory exacerbations in patients with COPD or cystic fibrosis. We sought to determine whether similar findings were present in patients with asthma and whether these findings were explained by differences in ventricular size. METHODS We measured the PA and aorta diameters in 233 individuals from the Severe Asthma Research Program III cohort. We also estimated right, left, and total epicardial cardiac ventricular volume indices (eERVVI, eELVVI, and eETVVI, respectively). Associations between the cardiac and PA measures (PA-to-aorta [PA/A] ratio, eERVVI-to-eELVVI [eRV/eLV] ratio, eERVVI, eELVVI, eETVVI) and clinical measures of asthma severity were assessed by Pearson correlation, and associations with asthma severity and exacerbation rate were evaluated by multivariable linear and zero-inflated negative binomial regression. RESULTS Asthma severity was associated with smaller ventricular volumes. For example, those with severe asthma had 36.1 mL/m2 smaller eETVVI than healthy control subjects (P = .003) and 14.1 mL/m2 smaller eETVVI than those with mild/moderate disease (P = .011). Smaller ventricular volumes were also associated with a higher rate of asthma exacerbations, both retrospectively and prospectively. For example, those with an eETVVI less than the median had a 57% higher rate of exacerbations during follow-up than those with eETVVI greater than the median (P = .020). Neither PA/A nor eRV/eLV was associated with asthma severity or exacerbations. CONCLUSIONS In patients with asthma, smaller cardiac ventricular size may be associated with more severe disease and a higher rate of asthma exacerbations. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01761630; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Y Ash
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | | | - Mark L Schiebler
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Farbod N Rahaghi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ashish Rai
- Department of Medicine, North Shore Medical Center, Salem, MA
| | - Carolyn E Come
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - James C Ross
- Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Alysha G Colon
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - John V Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sean B Fain
- Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Benjamin M Gaston
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, and Immunology, and Pediatric Pulmonology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital and Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Eric A Hoffman
- Departments of Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (Dr Jarjour), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jason K Lempel
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - David T Mauger
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Penn State Eberly College of Science, University Park, PA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (Dr Tattersall), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - George R Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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24
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El Khoudary SR, Ceponiene I, Samargandy S, Stein JH, Li D, Tattersall MC, Budoff MJ. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Metrics and Atherosclerotic Risk in Women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2236-2244. [PMID: 30026268 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) may not always be cardioprotective in postmenopausal women. HDL particles (HDL-P) via ion-mobility may better reflect the antiatherogenicity of HDL. Objectives were (1) to evaluate associations of HDL-C and ion-mobility HDL-P with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque separately and jointly in women; and (2) to assess interactions by age at and time since menopause. Approach and Results- Analysis included 1380 females from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; age: 61.8±10.3; 61% natural-, 21% surgical-, and 18% peri-menopause). Women with unknown or early menopause (age at nonsurgical menopause ≤45 years) were excluded. Adjusting for each other, higher HDL-P but not HDL-C was associated with lower cIMT ( P=0.001), whereas higher HDL-C but not HDL-P was associated with greater risk of carotid plaque presence ( P=0.04). Time since menopause significantly modified the association of large but not small HDL-P with cIMT; higher large HDL-P was associated with higher cIMT close to menopause but with lower cIMT later in life. The proatherogenic association reported for HDL-C with carotid plaque was most evident in women with later age at menopause who were >10 years postmenopausal. Conclusions- Elevated HDL-C may not always be cardioprotective in postmenopausal women. The cardioprotective capacity of large HDL-P may adversely compromise close to menopause supporting the importance of assessing how the menopause transition might impact HDL quality and related cardiovascular disease risk later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar R El Khoudary
- From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA (S.R.E., S.S.)
| | - Indre Ceponiene
- Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (I.C., D.L., M.J.B.).,Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania (I.C.)
| | - Saad Samargandy
- From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA (S.R.E., S.S.)
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.)
| | - Dong Li
- Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (I.C., D.L., M.J.B.)
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.)
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (I.C., D.L., M.J.B.)
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Aroner SA, Koch M, Mukamal KJ, Furtado JD, Stein JH, Tattersall MC, McClelland RL, Jensen MK. High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies Defined by Apolipoprotein C-III and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Measures: MESA (The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). J Am Heart Assoc 2018. [PMID: 29540426 PMCID: PMC5907551 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein C‐III (apoC‐III), a small proinflammatory protein present on 6% to 7% of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, defines a subspecies of HDL adversely associated with coronary heart disease in primarily white cohorts. In a multi‐ethnic population free of clinical cardiovascular disease, we evaluated the relationship between apoC‐III–defined HDL subspecies and subclinical markers of atherosclerotic pathology. Methods and Results We investigated cross‐sectional associations between apolipoprotein A‐I concentrations of apoC‐III–defined HDL subspecies, measured via ELISA and imaging measures of subclinical atherosclerosis, among 4659 participants in the MESA (The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) at baseline (2000–2002). HDL particles containing and lacking apoC‐III were divergently associated with coronary artery calcification in women (P‐heterogeneity=0.002) but not in men (P‐heterogeneity=0.31) and with carotid plaque score (P‐heterogeneity=0.02) and intima‐media thickness (P‐heterogeneity=0.06) in the overall study population. HDL lacking apoC‐III was inversely associated with all outcome measures (coronary artery calcification, women: odds ratio per SD=0.81 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.90]; carotid plaque, overall: odds ratio per SD=0.92 [95% CI, 0.84–1.00]; intima‐media thickness, overall: mean difference per SD=−14.0 µm [95% CI, −21.1 to −6.7 μm]), whereas HDL containing apoC‐III was positively associated (coronary artery calcification, women: odds ratio=1.10 [95% CI, 0.99–1.22]; plaque, overall: odds ratio=1.10 [95% CI, 1.01–1.19]) or unassociated. Neither total HDL nor HDL subspecies was associated with changes in subclinical atherosclerosis measures up to 10 years later. Conclusions The presence of apoC‐III defined a subspecies of HDL not inversely associated with baseline measures of subclinical atherosclerosis, supporting a role of apoC‐III in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Aroner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jeremy D Furtado
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - Majken K Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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26
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Mitchell CC, Korcarz CE, Tattersall MC, Gepner AD, Young RL, Post WS, Kaufman JD, McClelland RL, Stein JH. Carotid artery ultrasound texture, cardiovascular risk factors, and subclinical arterial disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20170637. [PMID: 29308915 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This pilot study determined if the ultrasound texture feature "contrast" was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and subclinical arterial disease. METHODS We evaluated ultrasound images of the right common carotid artery (CCA) from a convenience sample of 151 participants and examined relationships between contrast, CVD risk factors, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC). Grey level difference statistics algorithms were used to evaluate the texture feature "contrast" from carotid ultrasound images. Right CCA IMT measurements were made in triplicate in the distal 1 cm segment of the far wall of the artery and CAC score was measured using the Agatston scoring method. RESULTS In individual models that included age, sex and race, grey level difference statistics contrast (outcome) was associated independently with age [beta (standard error) = -0.87 (0.38) per year; p = 0.02], C-reactive protein [-2.22 (0.96) per mg dl-1; p = 0.02], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [0.61 (0.24) per mg dl-1; p = 0.01] and CCA IMT [-0.06 (0.02) microns; p = 0.001]. Other CVD risk factors and CAC were not associated independently with contrast. CONCLUSION These findings support the potential use of the ultrasound texture contrast for evaluating arterial injury and CVD risk. Advances in knowledge: This paper contributes to the literature in that it describes how the greyscale texture feature "contrast" is related to CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol C Mitchell
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Adam D Gepner
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Rebekah L Young
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- 3 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology , Johns Hopkins Hospital , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- 4 Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - James H Stein
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
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27
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Kalscheur MM, Kipp RT, Tattersall MC, Mei C, Buhr KA, DeMets DL, Field ME, Eckhardt LL, Page CD. Machine Learning Algorithm Predicts Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Outcomes: Lessons From the COMPANION Trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2018; 11:e005499. [PMID: 29326129 PMCID: PMC5769699 DOI: 10.1161/circep.117.005499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduces morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular function and intraventricular conduction delay. However, individual outcomes vary significantly. This study sought to use a machine learning algorithm to develop a model to predict outcomes after CRT. METHODS AND RESULTS Models were developed with machine learning algorithms to predict all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization at 12 months post-CRT in the COMPANION trial (Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing, and Defibrillation in Heart Failure). The best performing model was developed with the random forest algorithm. The ability of this model to predict all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality alone was compared with discrimination obtained using a combination of bundle branch block morphology and QRS duration. In the 595 patients with CRT-defibrillator in the COMPANION trial, 105 deaths occurred (median follow-up, 15.7 months). The survival difference across subgroups differentiated by bundle branch block morphology and QRS duration did not reach significance (P=0.08). The random forest model produced quartiles of patients with an 8-fold difference in survival between those with the highest and lowest predicted probability for events (hazard ratio, 7.96; P<0.0001). The model also discriminated the risk of the composite end point of all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization better than subgroups based on bundle branch block morphology and QRS duration. CONCLUSIONS In the COMPANION trial, a machine learning algorithm produced a model that predicted clinical outcomes after CRT. Applied before device implant, this model may better differentiate outcomes over current clinical discriminators and improve shared decision-making with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Kalscheur
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.
| | - Ryan T Kipp
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Chaoqun Mei
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Kevin A Buhr
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - David L DeMets
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Michael E Field
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Lee L Eckhardt
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - C David Page
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (M.M.K., R.T.K., M.C.T., M.E.F., L.L.E.), Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (C.M., K.A.B., D.L.D., C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (C.M.), and Department of Computer Sciences (C.D.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
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28
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Wing JJ, August E, Adar SD, Dannenberg AL, Hajat A, Sánchez BN, Stein JH, Tattersall MC, Diez Roux AV. Change in Neighborhood Characteristics and Change in Coronary Artery Calcium: A Longitudinal Investigation in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) Cohort. Circulation 2016; 134:504-13. [PMID: 27528645 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some evidence shows that neighborhood deprivation is associated with greater subclinical atherosclerosis, prior studies have not identified what aspects of deprived neighborhoods were driving the association. METHODS We investigated whether social and physical neighborhood characteristics are related to the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in 5950 adult participants of the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) during a 12-year follow-up period. We assessed subclinical disease using coronary artery calcium (CAC). Neighborhood features examined included density of recreational facilities, density of healthy food stores, and survey-based measures of availability of healthy foods, walking environment, and social environment. We used econometric fixed-effects models to investigate how change in a given neighborhood exposure is related to simultaneous change in subclinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Increases in density of neighborhood healthy food stores were associated with decreases in CAC (mean changes in CAC Agatston units per 1-SD increase in neighborhood exposures, -19.99; 95% confidence interval, -35.21 to -4.78) after adjustment for time-varying demographic confounders and computed tomography scanner type. This association remained similar in magnitude after additional adjustment for time-varying behavioral risk factors and depression. The addition of time-varying biomedical factors attenuated associations with CAC slightly (mean changes in CAC per 1-SD increase in neighborhood exposures, -17.60; 95% confidence interval, -32.71 to -2.49). Changes across time in other neighborhood measures were not significantly associated with within-person change in CAC. CONCLUSIONS Results from this longitudinal study provide suggestive evidence that greater access to neighborhood healthy food resources may slow the development of coronary atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Wing
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.).
| | - Ella August
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Sara D Adar
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Andrew L Dannenberg
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Anjum Hajat
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - James H Stein
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- From Department of Public Health, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI (J.J.W.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.A., S.D.A.) and Biostatistics (B.S.), University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (A.L.D.) and Epidemiology (A.H.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (J.H.S., M.C.T.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.)
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29
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Gepner AD, Tedla Y, Colangelo LA, Tattersall MC, Korcarz CE, Kaufman JD, Liu K, Burke GL, Shea S, Greenland P, Stein JH. Progression of Carotid Arterial Stiffness With Treatment of Hypertension Over 10 Years: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Hypertension 2016; 69:87-95. [PMID: 27849564 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Associations with antihypertensive medication classes and progression of arterial stiffness have not been studied in a prospective multiethnic cohort. All participants had hypertension at baseline, defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medications. Medication use and blood pressure were assessed at 5 time points. Young's elastic modulus and distensibility coefficient of the right common carotid artery were obtained by ultrasound at baseline and after a mean (SD) follow-up period of 9.4 (0.5) years. Associations with changes in Young's elastic modulus and distensibility coefficient, baseline antihypertensive medication use, number of visits each medication class was reported, and blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) were assessed using multiple linear regression models. At baseline, mean age of participants (n=1206) was 63.2 (9.0) years (55% female; 35% African American, 19% Hispanic, 12% Chinese). Mean systolic blood pressure was 136.5 (20.6) mm Hg. Greater progression of arterial stiffness was associated with older age, African American ethnicity, and baseline calcium channel blocker use. There were no other associations between changes in Young's elastic modulus or distensibility coefficient and use of other medication classes (all P>0.4). Achieving blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) at all visits was associated with slower progression of arterial stiffness (Young's elastic modulus: β=-790.1 mm Hg, P=0.01; distensibility coefficient: β=7.34×10-4 mm Hg-1, P=0.001). Blood pressure control, rather than use of any particular antihypertensive medication class, was associated most strongly with slowing arterial stiffness progression. Over nearly a decade of follow-up, no consistent associations between any specific antihypertensive medication class and progressive carotid arterial stiffening were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Gepner
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Yacob Tedla
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Laura A Colangelo
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Kiang Liu
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Gregory L Burke
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Steven Shea
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - Philip Greenland
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.)
| | - James H Stein
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (A.D.G., M.C.T., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (Y.T., L.A.C., K.L., P.G.); Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (J.D.K.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (S.S.).
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Tattersall MC, Barnet JH, Korcarz CE, Hagen EW, Peppard PE, Stein JH. Late-Onset Asthma Predicts Cardiovascular Disease Events: The Wisconsin Sleep Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e003448. [PMID: 27559071 PMCID: PMC5079014 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogeneous syndrome with different clinical subtypes that is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that the late-onset subtype of asthma is associated with a higher risk of incident CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort free of CVD at baseline were followed for a mean (SD) of 13.9 (5.9) years for development of CVD (myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, coronary revascularization, heart failure, or CVD death). Late-onset asthma was defined as physician-diagnosed asthma at age ≥18 years. Multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, and CVD risk factors were used to assess associations of late-onset asthma and incident CVD. The 1269 participants were 47.3 (8.0) years old; 166 participants had asthma (111 late-onset, 55 early-onset). Participants with late-onset asthma compared to nonasthmatics were more likely to be female (67% versus 44%) and to have a higher body-mass index (32.2 versus 29.4 kg/m(2)) (P<0.05). Mean age of asthma diagnosis in the late-onset group was 39.5 (9.6) years versus 8.9 (5.7) years in the early-onset group (P<0.0001). Late-onset asthmatics had a higher adjusted risk of incident CVD than nonasthmatics (hazard ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.01-2.45, P=0.045). There was no interaction between body-mass index and age of asthma diagnosis on incident CVD (P=0.83). CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort study of adults followed prospectively for over a decade, late-onset asthmatics had an increased risk of incident CVD events that persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jodi H Barnet
- Department of Population Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Erika W Hagen
- Department of Population Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Paul E Peppard
- Department of Population Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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Tattersall MC, Guo M, Korcarz CE, Gepner AD, Kaufman JD, Liu KJ, Barr RG, Donohue KM, McClelland RL, Delaney JA, Stein JH. Asthma predicts cardiovascular disease events: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1520-5. [PMID: 25908767 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify and characterize an association between persistent asthma and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). APPROACH AND RESULTS MESA is a longitudinal prospective study of an ethnically diverse cohort of individuals free of known CVD at its inception. The presence and severity of asthma were assessed in the MESA at examination 1. Persistent asthma was defined as asthmatics using controller medications (inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene inhibitors, and oral corticosteroids) and intermittent asthma as asthmatics not using controller medications. Participants were followed up for a mean (SD) of 9.1 (2.8) years for development of incident CVD (coronary death, myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, and CVD death). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess associations of asthma and CVD. The 6792 participants were 62.2 (SD, 10.2) years old: 47% men (28% black, 22% Hispanic, and 12% Chinese). Persistent asthmatics (n=156), compared with intermittent (n=511) and nonasthmatics (n=6125), respectively, had higher C-reactive protein (1.2 [1.2] versus 0.9 [1.2] versus 0.6 [1.2] mg/L) and fibrinogen (379 [88] versus 356 [80] versus 345 [73] mg/dL) levels. Persistent asthmatics had the lowest unadjusted CVD-free survival rate of 84.1%, 95% confidence interval (78.9%-90.3%) compared with intermittent asthmatics 91.1% (88.5%-93.8%) and nonasthmatics 90.2% (89.4%-91%). Persistent asthmatics had greater risk of CVD events than nonasthmatics (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.6 [1.01-2.5]; P=0.040]), even after adjustment for age, sex, race, CVD risk factors, and antihypertensive and lipid medication use. CONCLUSIONS In this large multiethnic cohort, persistent asthmatics had a higher CVD event rate than nonasthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Mengye Guo
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Adam D Gepner
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Kiang J Liu
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - R Graham Barr
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Kathleen M Donohue
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - Joseph A Delaney
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.)
| | - James H Stein
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.); Department of Biostatistics (M.G.) and Department of Epidemiology (J.D.K., J.A.D.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (R.G.B.); and Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University, New York, NY (K.M.D.).
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Sharma RK, Donekal S, Rosen BD, Tattersall MC, Volpe GJ, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Nasir K, Wu CO, Polak JF, Korcarz CE, Stein JH, Carr J, Watson KE, Bluemke DA, Lima JAC. Association of subclinical atherosclerosis using carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, and coronary calcium score with left ventricular dyssynchrony: the multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:412-8. [PMID: 25682041 PMCID: PMC4361257 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of atherosclerosis in the progression of global left ventricular dysfunction and cardiovascular events has been well recognized. Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony is a measure of regional myocardial dysfunction. Our objective was to investigate the relationship of subclinical atherosclerosis with mechanical LV dyssynchrony in a population-based asymptomatic multi-ethnic cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) at exam 5 were evaluated using 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, carotid ultrasound (n = 2062) for common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) intima-media thickness (IMT), and cardiac computed tomography (n = 2039) for coronary artery calcium (CAC) assessment (Agatston method). Dyssynchrony indices were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak systolic circumferential strain (SD-TPS) and the difference between maximum and minimum (max-min) time to peak strain using harmonic phase imaging in 12 segments (3-slices × 4 segments). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess associations after adjusting for participant demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, LV mass, and ejection fraction. In multivariable analyses, SD-TPS was significantly related to measures of atherosclerosis, including CCA-IMT (8.7 ms/mm change in IMT, p = 0.020), ICA-IMT (19.2 ms/mm change in IMT, p < 0.001), carotid plaque score (1.2 ms/unit change in score, p < 0.001), and log transformed CAC+1 (0.66 ms/unit log-CAC+1, p = 0.018). These findings were consistent with other parameter of LV dyssynchrony i.e. max-min. CONCLUSION In the MESA cohort, measures of atherosclerosis are associated with parameters of subclinical LV dyssynchrony in the absence of clinical coronary event and left-bundle-branch block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K Sharma
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sirisha Donekal
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Boaz D Rosen
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gustavo J Volpe
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Khurram Nasir
- Centers for Prevention and Wellness, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Colin O Wu
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James Carr
- Division of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karol E Watson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David A Bluemke
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - João A C Lima
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Gepner AD, Young R, Delaney JA, Tattersall MC, Blaha MJ, Post WS, Gottesman RF, Kronmal R, Budoff MJ, Burke GL, Folsom AR, Liu K, Kaufman J, Stein JH. Comparison of coronary artery calcium presence, carotid plaque presence, and carotid intima-media thickness for cardiovascular disease prediction in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 8:CIRCIMAGING.114.002262. [PMID: 25596139 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.114.002262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC), carotid plaque, and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) may indicate elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; however, no large studies have compared them directly. This study compares predictive uses of CAC presence, carotid artery plaque presence, and high IMT for incident CVD events. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants were from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Predictive values of carotid plaque, IMT, and CAC presence were compared using Cox proportional hazards models, c-statistics, and net reclassification indices. The 6779 participants were mean (SD) 62.2 (10.2) years old; 49.9% had CAC, and 46.7% had carotid plaque. The mean left and right IMT were 0.754 (0.210) mm and 0.751 (0.187) mm, respectively. After 9.5 years (mean), 538 CVD events, 388 coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and 196 stroke/transient ischemic attacks were observed. CAC presence was a stronger predictor of incident CVD and CHD than carotid ultrasound measures. Mean IMT≥75th percentile (for age, sex, and race) alone did not predict events. Compared with traditional risk factors, c-statistics for CVD (c=0.756) and CHD (c=0.752) increased the most by the addition of CAC presence (CVD, 0.776; CHD, 0.784; P<0.001) followed by carotid plaque presence (CVD, c=0.760; CHD, c=0.757; P<0.05). Compared with risk factors (c=0.782), carotid plaque presence (c=0.787; P=0.045) but not CAC (c=0.785; P=0.438) improved prediction of stroke/transient ischemic attacks. CONCLUSIONS In adults without CVD, CAC presence improves prediction of CVD and CHD more than carotid plaque presence or high IMT. CAC and carotid ultrasound parameters performed similarly for stroke/transient ischemic attack event prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Gepner
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Rebekah Young
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Joseph A Delaney
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Michael J Blaha
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Wendy S Post
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Richard Kronmal
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Gregory L Burke
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Kiang Liu
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - Joel Kaufman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.)
| | - James H Stein
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI (A.D.G., M.C.T., J.H.S.); Departments of Biostatistics (R.Y., R.K.), Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences (J.K.), Epidemiology (J.A.D., J.K.), and Statistics (R.K.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.J.B., W.S.P., R.F.G.); Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (M.J.B.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (G.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (A.R.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.L.).
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Stern R, Tattersall MC, Gepner AD, Korcarz CE, Kaufman J, Colangelo LA, Liu K, Stein JH. Sex differences in predictors of longitudinal changes in carotid artery stiffness: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 35:478-84. [PMID: 25477347 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify sex differences in predictors of longitudinal changes in carotid arterial stiffness in a multiethnic cohort. APPROACH AND RESULTS Carotid artery distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young's elastic modulus (YEM) were measured in 2650 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants (45-84 years old and free of cardiovascular disease) at baseline and after a mean of 9.4 years. Predictors of changes in DC and YEM for each sex were evaluated using multivariable linear regression models. The 1236 men (46.6%) were 60.0 (SD, 9.3) years: 40% were white, 22% black, 16% Chinese, and 22% Hispanic. The 1414 (53.4%) women were 59.8 (9.4) years old with a similar race distribution. Despite similar rates of change in DC and YEM, predictors of changes in distensibility markers differed by sex. In men, Chinese (P=0.002) and black (P=0.003) race/ethnicity, systolic blood pressure (P=0.012), and diabetes mellitus (P=0.05) were associated with more rapidly decreasing DC (accelerated stiffening). Starting antihypertensive medication was associated with improved DC (P=0.03); stopping antihypertensives was associated with more rapid stiffening (increased YEM, P=0.05). In women, higher education was associated with slower stiffening (DC, P=0.041; YEM, P<0.001) as was use of lipid-lowering medication (P=0.03), whereas baseline use of antihypertensive medications (YEM, P=0.01) and systolic blood pressure (DC, P=0.02; P=0.04) predicted increasing stiffening in women. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal changes in carotid artery stiffness are associated with systolic blood pressure and antihypertensive therapy in both sexes; however, race/ethnicity (in men) and level of education (in women) may have different contributions between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stern
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Adam D Gepner
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Joel Kaufman
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Laura A Colangelo
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - Kiang Liu
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.)
| | - James H Stein
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (R.S., M.C.T., A.D.G., C.E.K., J.H.S.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (J.K.); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.).
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Tattersall MC, Gassett A, Korcarz CE, Gepner AD, Kaufman JD, Liu KJ, Astor BC, Sheppard L, Kronmal RA, Stein JH. Predictors of carotid thickness and plaque progression during a decade: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Stroke 2014; 45:3257-62. [PMID: 25213342 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.005669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque are noninvasive markers of subclinical arterial injury that predict incident cardiovascular disease. We evaluated predictors of longitudinal changes in IMT and new plaque during a decade in a longitudinal multiethnic cohort. METHODS Carotid IMT and plaque were evaluated in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants at exams 1 and 5, a mean (standard deviation) of 9.4 (0.5) years later. Far wall carotid IMT was measured in both common and internal carotid arteries. A plaque score was calculated from all carotid segments. Mixed-effects longitudinal and multivariate regression models evaluated associations of baseline risk factors and time-updated medication use with IMT progression and plaque formation. RESULTS The 3441 MESA participants were aged 60.3 (9.4) years (53% women; 26% blacks, 22% Hispanic, 13% Chinese); 1620 (47%) had carotid plaque. Mean common carotid artery IMT progression was 11.8 (12.8) μm/year, and 1923 (56%) subjects developed new plaque. IMT progressed more slowly in Chinese (β=-2.89; P=0.001) and Hispanic participants (β=-1.81; P=0.02), and with higher baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (per 5 mg/dL; β=-0.22; P=0.03), antihypertensive use (β=-2.06; P=0.0004), and time on antihypertensive medications (years; β=-0.29; P<0.0001). Traditional risk factors were associated with new plaque formation, with strong associations for cigarette use (odds ratio, 2.31; P<0.0001) and protection by black ethnicity (odds ratio, 0.68; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In a large, multiethnic cohort with a decade of follow-up, ethnicity was a strong, independent predictor of carotid IMT and plaque progression. Antihypertensive medication use was associated with less subclinical disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Amanda Gassett
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Adam D Gepner
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Kiang J Liu
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Brad C Astor
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Richard A Kronmal
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - James H Stein
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.T., C.E.K., A.D.G., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (K.J.L.); and Departments of Epidemiology (J.D.K.) and Biostatistics (A.G., L.S., R.A.K.), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle.
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Stein JH, Tattersall MC. Carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular disease risk prediction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63:2301-2. [PMID: 24613323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gepner AD, Korcarz CE, Colangelo LA, Hom EK, Tattersall MC, Astor BC, Kaufman JD, Liu K, Stein JH. Longitudinal effects of a decade of aging on carotid artery stiffness: the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis. Stroke 2013; 45:48-53. [PMID: 24253542 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.002649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Arterial stiffening is associated with hypertension, stroke, and cognitive decline; however, the effects of aging and cardiovascular disease risk factors on carotid artery stiffening have not been assessed prospectively in a large multiethnic longitudinal study. METHODS Distensibility coefficient and the Young's elastic modulus (YEM) of the right common carotid artery were calculated at baseline and after a mean of 9.4 (standard deviation [SD], 0.5) years in 2650 participants. Effects of age and cardiovascular disease risk factors were evaluated by multivariable mixed regression and ANCOVA models. RESULTS At baseline, participants were 59.9 (SD, 9.4) years old (53% women; 25% black, 22% Hispanic, 14% Chinese). YEM increased from 1581 (SD, 927) to 1749 (SD, 1306) mm Hg (P<0.0001), and distensibility coefficient decreased from 3.1 (SD, 1.3) to 2.7 (SD, 1.1)×10(-3) mm Hg(-1) (P<0.001), indicating progressive arterial stiffening. YEM increased more among participants who were aged>75 years old at baseline (P<0.0001). In multivariable analyses, older age and less education independently predicted worsening YEM and distensibility coefficient. Stopping antihypertensive medication during the study period predicted more severe worsening of YEM (β=360.2 mm Hg; P=0.008). Starting antihypertensive medication after examination 1 was predictive of improvements in distensibility coefficient (β=1.1×10(-4) mm Hg(-1); P=0.024). CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffening accelerates with advanced age. Older individuals experience greater increases in YEM than do younger adults, even after considering the effects of traditional risk factors. Treating hypertension may slow the progressive decline in carotid artery distensibility observed with aging and improve cerebrovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Gepner
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division (A.D.G., C.E.K., M.C.T., J.H.S.), and Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division (B.C.A.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (L.A.C., K.L.); and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA (E.K.H., J.D.K.)
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Tattersall MC, Johnson HM, Mason PJ. Contemporary and Optimal Medical Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease. Surg Clin North Am 2013; 93:761-78, vii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tattersall MC, Gangnon RE, Karmali KN, Cullen MW, Stein JH, Keevil JG. Trends in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal achievement in high risk United States adults: longitudinal findings from the 1999-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59309. [PMID: 23565146 PMCID: PMC3615020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated gaps in achievement of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goals among U.S. individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk; however, recent studies in selected populations indicate improvements. OBJECTIVE We sought to define the longitudinal trends in achieving LDL-C goals among high-risk United States adults from 1999-2008. METHODS We analyzed five sequential population-based cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2008, which included 18,656 participants aged 20-79 years. We calculated rates of LDL-C goal achievement and treatment in the high-risk population. RESULTS The prevalence of high-risk individuals increased from 13% to 15.5% (p = 0.046). Achievement of LDL-C <100 mg/dL increased from 24% to 50.4% (p<0.0001) in the high-risk population with similar findings in subgroups with (27% to 64.8% p<0.0001) and without (21.8% to 43.7%, p<0.0001) coronary heart disease (CHD). Achievement of LDL-C <70 mg/dL improved from 2.4% to 17% (p<0.0001) in high-risk individuals and subgroups with (3.4% to 21.4%, p<0.0001) and without (1.7% to 14.9%, p<0.0001) CHD. The proportion with LDL-C ≥130 mg/dL and not on lipid medications decreased from 29.4% to 18% (p = 0.0002), with similar findings among CHD (25% to 11.9% p = 0.0013) and non-CHD (35.8% to 20.8% p<0.0001) subgroups. CONCLUSION The proportions of the U.S. high-risk population achieving LDL-C <100 mg/dL and <70 mg/dL increased over the last decade. With 65% of the CHD subpopulation achieving an LDL-C <100 mg/dL in the most recent survey, U.S. LDL-C goal achievement exceeds previous reports and approximates rates achieved in highly selected patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ronald E. Gangnon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kunal N. Karmali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Cullen
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - James H. Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jon G. Keevil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Tattersall MC, Gangnon RE, Karmali KN, Keevil JG. Women up, men down: the clinical impact of replacing the Framingham Risk Score with the Reynolds Risk Score in the United States population. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44347. [PMID: 22984495 PMCID: PMC3440377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Reynolds Risk Score (RRS) is one alternative to the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) for cardiovascular risk assessment. The Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) integrated the FRS a decade ago, but with the anticipated release of ATP IV, it remains uncertain how and which risk models will be integrated into the recommendations. We sought to define the effects in the United States population of a transition from the FRS to the RRS for cardiovascular risk assessment. Methods Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we assessed FRS and RRS in 2,502 subjects representing approximately 53.6 Million (M) men (ages 50–79) and women (ages 45–79), without cardiovascular disease or diabetes. We calculated the proportion reclassified by RRS and the subset whose LDL-C goal achievement changed. Results Compared to FRS, the RRS assigns a higher risk category to 13.9% of women and 9.1% of men while assigning a lower risk to 35.7% of men and 2% of women. Overall, 4.7% of women and 1.1% of men fail to meet newly intensified LDL-C goals using the RRS. Conversely, 10.5% of men and 0.6% of women now meet LDL-C goal using RRS when they had not by FRS. Conclusion In the U.S. population the RRS assigns a new risk category for one in six women and four of nine men. In general, women increase while men decrease risk. In conclusion, adopting the RRS for the 53.6 million eligible U.S. adults would result in intensification of clinical management in 1.6 M additional women and 2.10 M fewer men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ronald E. Gangnon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kunal N. Karmali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jon G. Keevil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tattersall MC, Karmali KN, Gangnon RE, Keevil JG. The population effects of the global cardiovascular risk model in United States adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys, 2005-2006. J Clin Lipidol 2011; 5:166-172. [PMID: 21600521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Framingham Global Cardiovascular Disease (FRS-CVD) risk assessment is a proposed alternative for the assessment of hard coronary heart disease (FRS-CHD) event risk. Beyond heart attack and death, FRS-CVD risk adds the end points of cerebrovascular disease, angina, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease. OBJECTIVE We sought to estimate the population impact of using FRS-CVD instead of FRS-CHD risk prediction on U.S. adults. METHODS We analyzed FRS-CHD and FRS-CVD risk in men age 45-74 and women age 55-74 without cardiovascular disease or diabetes, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. We stratified the population into 10-year risk categories: low: <6%, moderate ≥ 6 to <10%, moderate high ≥ 10 to <20%, and high ≥ 20% by both risk models, and assessed change in risk category distribution and achievement of lipid goals. RESULTS We analyzed 1020 subjects who statistically represent approximately 50 million U.S. adults. When the FRS-CVD was used, we found that 63% of men and 74% of women increase at least one risk category compared with when the FRS-CHD is used. Overall, the low-risk population decreases from 52% to 16% and the high-risk group increases from 4% to 20%. Of the subjects changing risk categories, 30% will now fail to meet their new corresponding lipid goals. CONCLUSIONS FRS-CVD end points are more comprehensive, yet the population implications of such a change may be profound. The use of a FRS-CVD risk model significantly increases the intermediate and high-risk groups, thus increasing the number of individuals eligible for novel risk assessment tools such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, coronary calcium scoring, and more frequent use of pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, MC 3248, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Kunal N Karmali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, MC 3248, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Ronald E Gangnon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jon G Keevil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, MC 3248, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
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