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Wang ZY, Qu YF, Yu TM, Liu ZL, Cheng YG, Zhong MW, Hu SY. Novel subtype of obesity influencing the outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy: Familial aggregation of obesity. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1887-1898. [PMID: 38659480 PMCID: PMC11036498 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) between patients with familial aggregation of obesity (FAO) and patients with sporadic obesity (SO) have not been elucidated. AIM To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO. METHODS A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected. Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity (1SO vs 1FAO, 2SO vs 2FAO). The baseline characteristics, weight loss outcomes, prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgery-related complications were compared between groups. RESULTS We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity. Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data, short-term postoperative weight loss, or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively. However, distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark, with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss (P = 0.006) and percentage of excess weight loss (P < 0.001). The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (P = 0.031), hyperlipidemia (P = 0.012), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (P = 0.003) as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes; the alleviation of T2DM, hyperlipidemia and NAFLD; and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Qu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian-Ming Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Lin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Gang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi 276005, Shandong Province, China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
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Liu CX, Gao Y, Xu XF, Jin X, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Ding HX, Li BJ, Du FK, Li LC, Zhong MW, Zhu JK, Zhang GY. Bile acids inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through activating farnesoid X receptor in gastric cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:485-498. [PMID: 38414591 PMCID: PMC10895598 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i5.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high mortality rates. Bile acids (BAs) reflux is a well-known risk factor for GC, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. During GC development in both humans and animals, BAs serve as signaling molecules that induce metabolic reprogramming. This confers additional cancer phenotypes, including ferroptosis sensitivity. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation that contributes universally to malignant progression. However, it is not fully defined if BAs can influence GC progression by modulating ferroptosis. AIM To reveal the mechanism of BAs regulation in ferroptosis of GC cells. METHODS In this study, we treated GC cells with various stimuli and evaluated the effect of BAs on the sensitivity to ferroptosis. We used gain and loss of function assays to examine the impacts of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) overexpression and knockdown to obtain further insights into the molecular mechanism involved. RESULTS Our data suggested that BAs could reverse erastin-induced ferroptosis in GC cells. This effect correlated with increased glutathione (GSH) concentrations, a reduced GSH to oxidized GSH ratio, and higher GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression levels. Subsequently, we confirmed that BAs exerted these effects by activating FXR, which markedly increased the expression of GSH synthetase and GPX4. Notably, BACH1 was detected as an essential intermediate molecule in the promotion of GSH synthesis by BAs and FXR. Finally, our results suggested that FXR could significantly promote GC cell proliferation, which may be closely related to its anti-ferroptosis effect. CONCLUSION This study revealed for the first time that BAs could inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through the FXR-BACH1-GSH-GPX4 axis in GC cells. This work provided new insights into the mechanism associated with BA-mediated promotion of GC and may help identify potential therapeutic targets for GC patients with BAs reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276034, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Xu
- Department of Nursing, Huantai TCM Hospital, Zibo 256400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Center for Translational medical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huan-Xin Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bing-Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang-Ke Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin-Chuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang-Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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Zhong MW, Li Y, Cheng YG, Liu QR, Hu SY, Zhang GY. Effect of oligofructose on resistance to postoperative high-fat diet-induced damage of metabolism in diabetic rats after sleeve gastrectomy. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:453-465. [PMID: 33889290 PMCID: PMC8040080 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i4.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) can induce prominent remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the long-term remission rate of diabetes usually decreases over time. Oligofructose has been verified to modulate host metabolism. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of oligofructose on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic dysfunction after SG.
AIM To study the effect and mechanism of oligofructose on diabetic remission in diabetic rats after SG.
METHODS SG and SHAM operation were performed on diabetes rats induced with an HFD, nicotinamide, and low-dose streptozotocin. Then the rats in the SHAM and SG groups were continuously provided with the HFD, and the rats in sleeve gastrectomy-oligofructose group were provided with a specific HFD containing 10% oligofructose. Body weight, calorie intake, oral glucose tolerance test, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, lipid profile, serum insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), total bile acids, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and colonic microbiota levels were determined and compared at the designated time points. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistic Package for Social Science version 19.0 (IBM, United States), and the statistically significant difference was considered at P < 0.05.
RESULTS At 2 wk after surgery, rats that underwent SG exhibited improved indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism. Compared with the SG group, the rats from SG-oligofructose group exhibited better parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism, lower body weight (526.86 ± 21.51 vs 469.25 ± 21.84, P < 0.001), calorie intake (152.14 ± 9.48 vs 129.63 ± 8.99, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (4.32 ± 0.57 vs 3.46 ± 0.52, P < 0.05), and LPS levels (0.19 ± 0.01 vs 0.16 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), and higher levels of insulin (1.17 ± 0.17 vs 1.58 ± 0.16, P < 0.001) and GLP-1 (12.39 ± 1.67 vs 14.94 ± 1.86, P < 0.001), and relative abundances of Bifidobacterium (0.0034 ± 0.0014 vs 0.0343 ± 0.0064, P < 0.001), Lactobacillus (0.0161 ± 0.0037 vs 0.0357 ± 0.0047, P < 0.001), and Akkermansia muciniphila (0.0050 ± 0.0024 vs 0.0507 ± 0.0100, P < 0.001) at the end of the study. However, no difference in total bile acids levels was observed between the two groups.
CONCLUSION Oligofructose partially prevents HFD-induced glucose and lipid metabolism damage after SG, which may be due to the changes of calorie intake, insulin, GLP-1, LPS, and the gut microbiota in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Gang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiao-Ran Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang-Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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Ruze R, Xiong YC, Li JW, Zhong MW, Xu Q, Yan ZB, Zhu JK, Cheng YG, Hu SY, Zhang GY. Sleeve gastrectomy ameliorates endothelial function and prevents lung cancer by normalizing endothelin-1 axis in obese and diabetic rats. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2599-2617. [PMID: 32523314 PMCID: PMC7265138 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i20.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence has implied that obesity is an independent risk factor for developing cancer. Being closely related to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus provides a suitable environment for the formation and metastasis of tumors through multiple pathways. Although bariatric surgeries are effective in preventing and lowering the risk of various types of cancer, the underlying mechanisms of this effect are not clearly elucidated.
AIM To uncover the role and effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in preventing lung cancer in obese and diabetic rats.
METHODS SG was performed on obese and diabetic Wistar rats, and the postoperative transcriptional and translational alterations of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) axis in the lungs were compared to sham-operated obese and diabetic rats and age-matched healthy controls to assess the improvements in endothelial function and risk of developing lung cancer at the postoperative 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks. The risk was also evaluated using nuclear phosphorylation of H2A histone family member X as a marker of DNA damage (double-strand break).
RESULTS Compared to obese and diabetic sham-operated rats, SG brought a significant reduction to body weight, food intake, and fasting blood glucose while improving oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. In addition, ameliorated levels of gene and protein expression in the ET-1 axis as well as reduced DNA damage indicated improved endothelial function and a lower risk of developing lung cancer after the surgery.
CONCLUSION Apart from eliminating metabolic disorders, SG improves endothelial function and plays a protective role in preventing lung cancer via normalized ET-1 axis and reduced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Cheng Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Wen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Gang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang-Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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Wei M, Shao Y, Liu QR, Wu QZ, Zhang X, Zhong MW, Liu SZ, Zhang GY, Hu SY. Bile acid profiles within the enterohepatic circulation in a diabetic rat model after bariatric surgeries. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G537-G546. [PMID: 29351394 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00311.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs), which are synthesized in the liver and cycled in the enterohepatic circulation, have been recognized as signaling molecules by activating their receptors in the intestine and liver. Serum taurine-conjugated BAs have been shown to be elevated after bariatric surgeries although the postoperative BA profiles within the enterohepatic circulation have not been investigated. Clarification of these profiles could help explain the mechanisms by which bariatric surgery leads to BA profile alterations and subsequent metabolic effects. We performed duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and sham procedures in an obese diabetic rat model induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The weight loss and antidiabetic effects were evaluated postsurgery. BA profiles in the systemic serum and within the enterohepatic circulation were analyzed, together with the expression of related BA transporters and enzymes at week 12 after surgery. Compared with sham, SG induced sustained weight loss, and both DJB and SG significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity with enhanced glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion. Similar to changes in the serum, BAs, especially taurine-conjugated species, were also elevated in the enterohepatic circulation (bile and portal vein) after DJB and SG. In addition, the expression of key BA transporters and conjugational enzymes was elevated postoperatively, whereas the enzymes responsible for BA synthesis were decreased. In conclusion, DJB and SG elevated BA levels in the systemic serum and enterohepatic circulation, especially taurine-conjugated species, which likely indicates increased ileal reabsorption and hepatic conjugation rather than synthesis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Bile acids (BAs) have been implicated as potential mediators of the weight-independent effects of bariatric surgery. For the first time, we discovered that duodenal-jejunal bypass and sleeve gastrectomy elevated BAs, particularly the taurine-conjugated species in the enterohepatic circulation, likely through the promotion of ileal reabsorption and hepatic conjugation rather than BA synthesis. These findings will improve our understanding of BA metabolism after bariatric surgery and their subsequent metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Ran Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Zheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Zhuang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
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Wu D, Yan ZB, Cheng YG, Zhong MW, Liu SZ, Zhang GY, Hu SY. Deactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in infiltrating macrophages by duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery mediates improvement of beta cell function in type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2018; 81:1-12. [PMID: 29129820 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery could improve pancreatic beta cell function, thereby leading to the remission of the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the specific mechanism underlying this phenomenon is yet to be revealed. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in infiltrating macrophages plays an important role in the modulation of beta cell function after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery. METHODS DJB and sham surgery were performed in diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Body weight, food intake, and glucose tolerance test (GTT) were measured at indicated time points. Apoptosis of the beta cells was measured by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. We also assessed the macrophage content and NLRP3 expression in the rat model. Furthermore, macrophage reconstitution was performed after DJB surgery. Beta cell function and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were re-evaluated in wild-type macrophage reconstitution group and NLRP3-knockdown macrophage reconstitution group. RESULTS DJB surgery group rats displayed rapid and sustained improvement in glucose tolerance. Decreased apoptosis and improved secretion function of the beta cells were observed in DJB surgery group. NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in infiltrating macrophages was also suppressed after DJB surgery. Moreover, diabetic remission acquired by DJB sustained in NLRP3-knockdown macrophage reconstitution group, while extinguished in group reconstituted with wild-type macrophage. CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 inflammasome deactivation in infiltrating macrophages is involved in marked beta cell function improvement after DJB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Zhi-Bo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yu-Gang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Shao-Zhuang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Guang-Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Liu T, Zhong MW, Liu Y, Sun D, Wei M, Huang X, Cheng YG, Wu QZ, Wu D, Zhang XQ, Wang KX, Hu SY, Liu SZ. Diabetes recurrence after metabolic surgeries correlates with re-impaired insulin sensitivity rather than beta-cell function. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3468-3479. [PMID: 28596682 PMCID: PMC5442082 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i19.3468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate factors causing diabetes recurrence after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB).
METHODS SG and DJB were performed on rats with diabetes induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). HFD was used to induce diabetes recurrence at 4 wk postoperatively. Body weight, oral glucose tolerance test, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin signaling [IR, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1, IRS2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and AKT in liver and skeletal muscle], oral glucose stimulated insulin secretion, beta-cell morphology (mass, apoptosis and insulin secretion), glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, PYY and ghrelin were compared among SG rats with common low-fat diet (SG-LFD), SG with HFD (SG-HFD), DJB rats with LFD (DJB-LFD), DJB with HFD (DJB-HFD) and sham-operation with LFD (Sham) at targeted postoperative times.
RESULTS SG and DJB resulted in significant improvement in glucose tolerance, lower HOMA-IR, up-regulated hepatic and muscular insulin signaling, higher levels of oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, bigger beta-cell mass, higher immunofluorescence intensity of insulin, fewer transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin 3’ nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive beta cells and higher postprandial GLP-1 and PYY levels than in the Sham group. The improvement in glucose tolerance was reversed at 12 wk postoperatively. Compared with the SG-LFD and DJB-LFD groups, the SG-HFD and DJB-HFD groups showed higher HOMA-IR, down-regulated hepatic and muscular insulin signaling, and more TUNEL-positive beta cells. No significant difference was detected between HFD and LFD groups for body weight, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, beta-cell mass, immunofluorescence intensity of insulin, and postprandial GLP-1 and PYY levels. Fasting serum ghrelin decreased in SG groups, and there was no difference between HFD-SG and LFD-SG groups.
CONCLUSION HFD reverses the improvement in glucose homeostasis after SG and DJB. Diabetes recurrence may correlate with re-impaired insulin sensitivity, but not with alterations of beta-cell function and body weight.
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Liu T, Zhong MW, Liu Y, Huang X, Cheng YG, Wang KX, Liu SZ, Hu SY. Effects of sleeve gastrectomy plus trunk vagotomy compared with sleeve gastrectomy on glucose metabolism in diabetic rats. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3269-3278. [PMID: 28566886 PMCID: PMC5434432 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i18.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy plus trunk vagotomy (SGTV) compared with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in a diabetic rat model.
METHODS SGTV, SG, TV and Sham operations were performed on rats with diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Body weight, food intake, oral glucose tolerance test, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hepatic insulin signaling (IR, IRS1, IRS2, PI3K and AKT), oral glucose stimulated insulin secretion, GLP-1 and ghrelin were compared at various postoperative times.
RESULTS Both SG and SGTV resulted in better glucose tolerance, lower HOMA-IR, up-regulated hepatic insulin signaling, higher levels of oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, higher postprandial GLP-1 and lower fasting ghrelin levels than the TV and Sham groups. No significant differences were observed between the SG and SGTV groups. In addition, no significant differences were found between the TV and Sham groups in terms of glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, hepatic insulin signaling, oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, postprandial GLP-1 and fasting ghrelin levels. No differences in body weight and food intake were noted between the four groups.
CONCLUSION SGTV is feasible for diabetes control and is independent of weight loss. However, SGTV did not result in a better improvement in diabetes than SG alone.
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Zhong MW, Liu SZ, Zhang GY, Zhang X, Hu SY. Effects of sleeve gastrectomy with jejuno-jejunal or jejuno-ileal loop on glycolipid metabolism in diabetic rats. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7332-7341. [PMID: 27621579 PMCID: PMC4997644 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) with jejuno-jejunal or jejuno-ileal loop on glycolipid metabolism in diabetic rats.
METHODS Diabetic rats, which were induced by high-fat diet (HFD), nicotinamide and low-dose streptozotocin, underwent sham operations, SG, SG with jejuno-ileal loop (SG-JI) and SG with jejuno-jejunal loop (SG-JJ) followed by postoperative HFD. Then, at the time points of baseline and 2, 12 and 24 wk postoperatively, we determined and compared several variables, including the area under the curve for the results of oral glucose tolerance test (AUCOGTT), serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and ghrelin in fasting state, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body weight, calorie intake, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and insulin secretions after glucose gavage at dose of 1 g/kg.
RESULTS At 2 wk postoperatively, rats that underwent SG, SG-JJ and SG-JI, compared with sham-operated (SHAM) rats, demonstrated lower body weight, calorie intake and ghrelin (P < 0.05 vs SHAM), enhanced secretion of insulin and GLP-1 after glucose gavage (P < 0.05 vs SHAM), improved AUCOGTT, HOMA-IR, fasting serum triglyceride and cholesterol (AUCOGTT: 1616.9 ± 83.2, 837.4 ± 83.7, 874.9 ± 97.2 and 812.6 ± 81.9, P < 0.05 vs SHAM; HOMA-IR: 4.31 ± 0.54, 2.94 ± 0.22, 3.17 ± 0.37 and 3.41 ± 0.22, P < 0.05 vs SHAM; Triglyceride: 2.35 ± 0.17, 1.87 ± 0.23, 1.98 ± 0.30 and 2.04 ± 0.21 mmol/L, P < 0.05 vs SHAM; Cholesterol: 1.84 ± 0.21, 1.53 ± 0.20, 1.52 ± 0.20 and 1.46 ± 0.23 mmol/L). At 12 wk postoperatively, rats receiving SG-JJ and SG-JI had lower body weight, reduced levels of triglyceride and cholesterol and elevated level of GLP-1 compared to those receiving SG (P < 0.05 vs SG). At 24 wk after surgery, compared with SG, the advantage of SG-JJ and SG-JI for glucolipid metabolism was still evident (P < 0.05 vs SG). SG-JI had a better performance in lipid metabolism and GLP-1 secretion of rats than did SG-JJ.
CONCLUSION SG combined with intestinal loop induces better glycolipid metabolism than simple SG, with the lipid metabolism being more improved with SG-JI compared to SG-JJ.
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Zhong MW, Liu SZ, Zhang GY, Zhang X, Liu T, Hu SY. Alterations in gut microbiota during remission and recurrence of diabetes after duodenal-jejunal bypass in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6706-6715. [PMID: 27547013 PMCID: PMC4970478 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i29.6706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the alterations in gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes recurrence after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) in rats.
METHODS: We assigned HDF- and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats into two major groups to receive DJB and sham operation respectively. When the DJB was completed, we used HFD to induce diabetes recurrence. Then, we grouped the DJB-operated rats by blood glucose level into the DJB-remission (DJB-RM) group and the DJB-recurrence (DJB-RC) group. At a sequence of time points after operations, we compared calorie content in the food intake (calorie intake), oral glucose tolerance test, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), serum insulin, total bile acids (TBAs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and alterations in colonic microbiota.
RESULTS: The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the control (58.06% ± 11.12%; P < 0.05 vs sham; P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC) and DJB-RM (55.58% ± 6.16%; P < 0.05 vs sham; P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC) groups was higher than that in the sham (29.04% ± 1.36%) and DJB-RC (27.44% ± 2.17%) groups; but the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was lower (control group: 33.46% ± 10.52%, P < 0.05 vs sham 46.88% ± 2.34%, P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC 47.41% ± 5.67%. DJB-RM group: 34.63% ± 3.37%, P < 0.05 vs sham; P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC). Escherichia coli was higher in the sham (15.72% ± 1.67%, P < 0.05 vs control, P < 0.05 vs DJB-RM) and DJB-RC (16.42% ± 3.00%; P < 0.05 vs control; P < 0.05 vs DJB-RM) groups than in the control (3.58% ± 3.67%) and DJB-RM (4.15% ± 2.76%) groups. Improved HOMA-IR (2.82 ± 0.73, P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC 4.23 ± 0.72), increased TBAs (27803.17 ± 4673.42 ng/mL; P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC 18744.00 ± 3047.26 ng/mL) and decreased LPS (0.12 ± 0.04 ng/mL, P < 0.05 vs DJB-RC 0.19 ± 0.03 ng/mL) were observed the in DJB-RM group; however, these improvements were reversed in the DJB-RC group, with the exception of GLP-1 (DJB-RM vs DJB-RC P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Alterations in gut microbiota may be responsible for the diabetes remission and recurrence after DJB, possibly by influencing serum LPS and TBAs.
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Chiang FT, Tang PS, Hsi YJ, Li Y, Zhong MW. [Role of B cells in CFU-mix growth]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1986; 19:203-10. [PMID: 3495086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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