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EEF1A2 promotes HIF1A mediated breast cancer angiogenesis in normoxia and participates in a positive feedback loop with HIF1A in hypoxia. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:184-200. [PMID: 38012382 PMCID: PMC10803557 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eukaryotic elongation factor, EEF1A2, has been identified as an oncogene in various solid tumors. Here, we have identified a novel function of EEF1A2 in angiogenesis. METHODS Chick chorioallantoic membrane, tubulogenesis, aortic ring, Matrigel plug, and skin wound healing assays established EEF1A2's role in angiogenesis. RESULT Higher EEF1A2 levels in breast cancer cells enhanced cell growth, movement, blood vessel function, and tubule formation in HUVECs, as confirmed by ex-ovo and in-vivo tests. The overexpression of EEF1A2 could be counteracted by Plitidepsin. Under normoxic conditions, EEF1A2 triggered HIF1A expression via ERK-Myc and mTOR signaling in TNBC and ER/PR positive cells. Hypoxia induced the expression of EEF1A2, leading to a positive feedback loop between EEF1A2 and HIF1A. Luciferase assay and EMSA confirmed HIF1A binding on the EEF1A2 promoter, which induced its transcription. RT-PCR and polysome profiling validated that EEF1A2 affected VEGF transcription and translation positively. This led to increased VEGF release from breast cancer cells, activating ERK and PI3K-AKT signaling in endothelial cells. Breast cancer tissues with elevated EEF1A2 showed higher microvessel density. CONCLUSION EEF1A2 exhibits angiogenic potential in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, underscoring its dual role in promoting EMT and angiogenesis, rendering it a promising target for cancer therapy.
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Imaging manifestations of IgG4-related disease. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:555-564. [PMID: 37217396 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
IgG4-related disease is a multisystem immune-mediated disorder associated with lesions manifesting an IgG4-rich plasma cell infiltrate and often raised serum IgG4 concentrations. The disease can mimic neoplastic, infective, and inflammatory processes due to features such as development of masses or organ enlargement. Prompt consideration of this diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary investigations and offer appropriate treatments, which can include steroids and other immunosuppressive agents. Although histology is typically diagnostic, imaging is critical to assess disease burden, determine biopsy targets, and evaluate response to treatment. Characteristic imaging features can also point towards the diagnosis in the absence of biopsy. This review highlights these features, as well as more atypical findings, grouped by organ or system. Differential diagnoses are emphasised. The full spectrum of imaging methods is discussed. Whole-body imaging with integrated 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has an evolving role in the detection of multi-organ involvement and subsequent follow-up.
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In colon cancer cells fascin1 regulates adherens junction remodeling. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22786. [PMID: 36786724 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201454r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are a defining feature of all epithelial cells. They regulate epithelial tissue architecture and integrity, and their dysregulation is a key step in tumor metastasis. AJ remodeling is crucial for cancer progression, and it plays a key role in tumor cell survival, growth, and dissemination. Few studies have examined AJ remodeling in cancer cells consequently, it remains poorly understood and unleveraged in the treatment of metastatic carcinomas. Fascin1 is an actin-bundling protein that is absent from the normal epithelium but its expression in colon cancer is linked to metastasis and increased mortality. Here, we provide the molecular mechanism of AJ remodeling in colon cancer cells and identify for the first time, fascin1's function in AJ remodeling. We show that in colon cancer cells fascin1 remodels junctional actin and actomyosin contractility which makes AJs less stable but more dynamic. By remodeling AJs fascin1 drives mechanoactivation of WNT/β-catenin signaling and generates "collective plasticity" which influences the behavior of cells during cell migration. The impact of mechanical inputs on WNT/β-catenin activation in cancer cells remains poorly understood. Our findings highlight the role of AJ remodeling and mechanosensitive WNT/β-catenin signaling in the growth and dissemination of colorectal carcinomas.
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Phenotypic differences in early compared to late necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Radiology training in the COVID-19 era: our new normal. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:638-639. [PMID: 32564914 PMCID: PMC7290163 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Imaging of transcatheter aortic valve replacement complications. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:27-37. [PMID: 31964536 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aortic stenosis is increasing in incidence and is now commonly managed with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in intermediate and high-risk patients. Radiologists are likely to encounter patients undergoing this procedure both pre- and postoperatively, and therefore, an understanding of procedural complications is essential. Complications may relate to the access site or approach, or the valve itself. This article will review the most common complications described in literature and focuses on the role of multidetector computed tomography (CT) in their evaluation either exclusively, or complementary to other imaging methods.
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Initial Outcomes with an Image-Guided Five Fraction Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation Regimen Delivered with IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Determinants of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Beyond Pulmonary Vascular Resistance. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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A Cost-Effective and Efficient Chick Ex-Ovo CAM Assay Protocol to Assess Angiogenesis. Methods Protoc 2018; 1:mps1020019. [PMID: 31164562 PMCID: PMC6526448 DOI: 10.3390/mps1020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an extra-embryonic membrane, comprised of a high density of blood and lymphatic vessels. CAM has a dense capillary network and is commonly used to study in vivo angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis in response to potential biomolecules and drugs. Most of the earlier reported CAM assays described the in-ovo method—where the viability of the embryo is higher, but accessibility to the CAM is limited. Ex-ovo CAM methods were previously described that employed shell-less cultures of chick embryos, but the low viability of embryos reduced the overall robustness of the angiogenesis assays. We described a method (named as cup-CAM method) which is more economical, has better accessibility and has significantly improved the viability of the embryo till advanced developmental stages. We could perform this simple yet useful experimentation with the common tools available in the laboratory. We successfully used the cup-CAM method for showing the paracrine effects of conditioned media from tumor cells, on the angiogenesis. This method can be used to assay the angiogenic potential of a drug or protein and to observe the embryonic development of the chick embryo and other related scientific applications.
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The expression profile and prognostic significance of eukaryotic translation elongation factors in different cancers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191377. [PMID: 29342219 PMCID: PMC5771626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation factors, especially initiation factors have garnered much attention with regards to their role in the onset and progression of different cancers. However, the expression levels and prognostic significance of translation elongation factors remain poorly explored in different cancers. In this study, we have investigated the mRNA transcript levels of seven translation elongation factors in different cancer types using Oncomine and TCGA databases. Furthermore, we have identified the prognostic significance of these factors using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and SurvExpress databases. We observed altered expression levels of all the elongation factors in different cancers. Higher expression of EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1D, EEF1E1 and EEF2 was observed in most of the cancer types, whereas reverse trend was observed for EEF1A1. Overexpression of many factors predicted poor prognosis in breast (EEF1D, EEF1E1, EEF2) and lung cancer (EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1E1). However, we didn’t see any common correlation of expression levels of elongation factors with survival outcomes across cancer types. Cancer subtype stratification showed association of survival outcomes and expression levels of elongation factors in specific sub-types of breast, lung and gastric cancer. Most interestingly, we observed a reciprocal relationship between the expression levels of the two EEF1A isoforms viz. EEF1A1 and EEF1A2, in most of the cancer types. Our results suggest that translation elongation factors can have a role in tumorigenesis and affect survival in cancer specific manner. Elongation factors have potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic drug targets, yet further study is required. Reciprocal relationship of differential expression between EEF1A isoforms observed in multiple cancer types indicates opposing roles in cancer and needs further investigation.
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Identifying patients at risk of acute symptomatic seizure after ischemic stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 2017; 136:265-271. [PMID: 28025821 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contributors to post-stroke seizure research have advocated the need for prospective studies of acute symptomatic seizures after stroke. Identification of the patient at risk of seizure and the impact of the event on outcome is a prerequisite for this kind of research. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors, make an outline for a risk score, and look at consequences of seizure on short-time clinical outcomes. METHODS This registry-based study included patients with ischemic stroke admitted between 2007 and 2013. We identified variables associated with the presence of acute symptomatic seizures and made a risk score. Clinical outcome measures were modified Rankin scale, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and death at discharge or at day seven. RESULTS A total of 2598 ischemic stroke patients were included, 66 experiencing seizure within seven days of stroke. We found diabetes mellitus, NIHSS on admission, and cortical lesion to be associated with the risk of seizure. The risk score had a sensitivity of 58%, specificity of 85%, and a positive predictive value of 9% with a three-point cutoff. We found a negative effect of seizure on survival in mild-to-moderate strokes after adjusting for infections and stroke severity. CONCLUSIONS Because of low incidence and the lack of specific risk factors, acute symptomatic seizure after ischemic stroke is hard to predict. The negative effect of seizure on stroke outcome is uncertain, and more thorough studies are needed because of possible subtle or non-overt seizures.
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WIN OVER study: Efficacy and safety of olmesartan in Indian hypertensive patients: results of an open label, non-comparative, multi-centric, post marketing observational study. Indian Heart J 2015; 66:340-4. [PMID: 24973841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a global health problem. Multiple classes of drugs including angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are available for the treatment of hypertension. Olmesartan is a relatively newer ARB used in hypertension management. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of WIN-BP (Olmesartan 20 mg/40 mg) tablet in Indian patients with hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS An open label, non-comparative, multi-centric, real world post marketing observational study included Indian adult hypertensive patients who were treated with olmesartan 20 mg/40 mg tablet once daily for six months. The primary outcome was reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) to <140 mmHg and diastolic BP (DBP) to <90 mmHg at 3 and 6 months after initiation of treatment with olmesartan. All reported adverse events were recorded. RESULTS A total of 8940 patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline SBP of 164 mmHg was reduced to 153, 145, 134 and 130 mmHg at the end of 15 days, 1, 3 and 6 months respectively. Similarly, baseline DBP of 100 mmHg was reduced to 93, 89, 84 and 82 mmHg at the end of 15 days, 1, 3 and 6 months respectively. The reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure from day 15 to month 6 was statistically significant (p < 0.0001) with olmesartan treatment. The percentage of responders for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased consistently from day 15 to month 6. Only 0.08% patients reported the adverse events. No serious adverse event was reported in the study. CONCLUSION Olmesartan 20 mg/40 mg is effective and well tolerated without any serious adverse events in patients with hypertension.
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Evaluation and assessment of rosuvastatin 40 mg treatment in high risk dyslipidemic patients (EARTH Study). Indian Heart J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Impact of Breast Radiotherapy on Late Toxicities and Reoperation Following Mastectomy With Tissue Expander Based Reconstruction. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Post-Treatment PSA 6 Months After Radiation and Androgen Deprivation Therapy Predicts for Distant Metastases and Prostate Cancer Specific Mortality. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Ruthenium Eye Plaques for Uveal Melanoma: Long-Term Clinical Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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TRANSPLANTATION CLINICAL 1. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
We report the case of an 81-year-old woman who fell at home on her left hand and suffered a laceration of her forehead. Within days a fulminant necrotizing fasciitis of the hand from group A β-haemolytic streptococcus developed. Lacking an apparent local germ entry point at the hand, the infection was initially misinterpreted as compartment syndrome. The patient's life was saved by amputation of the hand.
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[Fused little finger in the palm after operation for recurrent Dupuytren's contracture]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2014; 46:196-8. [PMID: 24549806 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A 72-year-old woman suffered from Dupuytren's contracture of her right little finger, which was treated operatively 3 times in 4 years. However, the finger bent back into the palm. Over time she hid her little finger in the fist. In 2010, she presented with the hand in our office. Surprisingly a fused finger in the palm was observed. The woman reported that she had ignored her little finger and that it was no longer present in her conscious mind.
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Pretransplant PRA and Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantation 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201211271-02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Transplantation - clinical II. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Medulloblastoma in Adults: A Retrospective Review of Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Comment on: A prospective open-label study of mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of diffuse systemic sclerosis: reply. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Impact of Radiotherapy on Overall Survival in Children with Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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The Role of Adaptive Radiotherapy in Pediatric Craniopharyngioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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SU-FF-T-511: Effect of Setup Motion and IMRT On the TCP and NTCP for Pediatric Ependymoma. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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TU-C-303A-07: Pediatric Organ Motion Evaluated by Respiratory-Correlated CT with a Pressure-Sensitive Abdominal Belt. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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31
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Demographics, clinical profile, management and outcome of retinoblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether the operating time correlates with the survival and outcome in patients who underwent intramedullary nailing for metastatic femoral fractures. METHODS Records of 10 men and 11 women aged 43 to 86 (mean, 66) years who underwent intramedullary nailing (4 bilaterally) for metastatic femoral fractures between 1999 and 2003 were reviewed. The patients were followed up for at least 2 years or until their death. The main outcome measure was the correlation between operating time and survival. Operating time was categorised into 5 groups from 60 to 210 minutes, with 30-minute increments. RESULTS Operating time does not correlate with survival and outcome. The mean survival period was 9.4 months. Pain relief was achieved in 90% of the patients. There was no implant failure, but one loss of reduction. CONCLUSION Intramedullary nailing appears safe and effective for treatment of metastatic bone disease, and confers good functional results, pain relief, and mobility.
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Abstract
PURPOSE A feasibility study comparing retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness values obtained with imaging devices against RNFL thickness measurements obtained histologically in a human eye. DESIGN A single patient scheduled for orbital exenteration, who still possessed a healthy functioning eye. METHODS Before surgery, the eye was imaged using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser polarimetry (SLP). After orbital exenteration, the globe was sectioned, and 100 equidistant RNFL thickness measurements were obtained for each of four concentric rings centred on the optic disc, with diameters of 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 mm. RESULTS RNFL thickness was found to be inversely related to the distance from the centre of the optic disc along each radial meridian. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was found comparable for histology, OCT, and SLP. RNFL thickness measured histologically confirmed a 'double hump' pattern, peaking at the superior and inferior poles. Histologically derived RNFL thickness (microm), at 3.0 and 3.5 mm diameter ring ranged between 30-135 and 25-115 respectively. In comparison, the 3.0 mm diameter GDx data ranged between 25 and 100, and the 3.4 mm diameter OCT data between 40 and 175. CONCLUSIONS Imaging data appear qualitatively similar when compared to the histologically derived data. Quantitative differences may be partly due to scaling differences and histological artefacts. The histological analysis approach demonstrated in this study can potentially serve to validate imaging-derived data, as well as help improve our understanding of RNFL loss in glaucoma.
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N-Alkyl-N-arylmethylpiperidin-4-amines: Novel dual inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:2714-8. [PMID: 16497500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Revised: 02/03/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-alkyl-N-arylmethylpiperidin-4-amines have been prepared and are demonstrated to be inhibitors of both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.
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Clinico-radiological profile of stroke in eastern Nepal: a computed tomographic study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2006; 4:161-166. [PMID: 18603891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM Stroke is a frequent cause of death and disability in elderly patients. This study was carried out to establish the pattern of various types of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in eastern Nepal and to correlate the clinical data and radiological findings in cases of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the patients clinically diagnosed as stroke and referred to the radiology department for Computed tomography (CT) of the brain over a period of 1 year were included. RESULTS There were 150 patients with stroke (104 males and 46 females), aged 7 to 91 years in which infarction (58%) was more common than haemorrhage (42%) in both group of age (< or = 40 years and > 40 years). Smoking was the commonest risk factor noted in 40.66% cases followed by hypertension (40%). Excessive meat consumption (more than 4 times a week) was seen in 69.1% cases. In early Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) territory infarction presenting within six hours of onset, positive CT findings were seen in 40% cases among which, obscuration of the lentiform nuclei was diagnostic. CONCLUSION In this part of Nepal, infarction is more common than haemorrhage as the cause of stroke and in contrary to western population; hemorrhagic stroke constitutes a significantly higher proportion of stroke. Smoking is the commonest risk factor followed by hypertension and it is also seen in combination with alcohol in many cases. Excessive meat consumption could be an additional risk factor for stroke in this part of Nepal. In younger age group (< or = 40 years), haemorrhage is more common than infarction and alcohol consumption is the commonest risk factor.
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Abstract
Hemangiomas are benign, slow-growing skeletal and soft tissue tumors that commonly involve the bony spine. When found in the spine, they are usually asymptomatic, but can sometimes be associated with local pain and/or neurological deficits. We report the case of a middle-aged Indian male with multiple hemangiomas involving almost all the vertebrae contiguously from C2 to S1 vertebral levels. These were discovered incidentally when a magnetic resonance scan was performed for backache. To the best of our knowledge, such extensive involvement of the spine has not been reported previously.
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A single blind, prospective, randomized trial comparing n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (Indermil) and sutures for skin closure in hand surgery. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY (EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND) 2001; 26:264-5. [PMID: 11386782 DOI: 10.1054/jhsb.2000.0572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fifty patients underwent a variety of hand operations and were randomized for wound closure either with tissue adhesive (Indermil) or sutures. The two treatment groups had similar demographic characteristics and similar outcomes at the 2 and 6 week postoperative assessments which were performed by a designated tissue viability nurse blinded to the method of closure. Five minor wound dehiscences occurred: three in the adhesive group and two in the suture group. No infection occurred in either group. In conclusion, the study demonstrates tissue adhesive is as effective as suture in this type of hand surgery.
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Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, which leads to an increased incidence of premature vascular disease. Although multiple vascular aneurysms have been linked to hyperhomocysteinemia, coronary artery aneurysms have not. We report a case of giant coronary artery aneurysm associated with multiple peripheral vascular aneurysms in a patient with hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Guidewire perforation during PTCA with subsequent off-pump bypass surgery. Tex Heart Inst J 2001; 28:70-1. [PMID: 11330749 PMCID: PMC101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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42
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[Mental impairment in nursing home residents]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2000; 120:3113-6. [PMID: 11109355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing homes are the corner stones in long-term institutional care for frail elderly people. Expansion and strengthening of community-based services during the last decade has enabled frail elderly who earlier would have moved into a nursing home to stay in their own home or in service apartments. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a cross-sectional, anonymised study, changes in nursing homes in the city of Bergen between 1985 and 1996/97 were analysed with regard to prevalence of mentally impaired residents. The following items were assessed by nurses who were in daily contact with the residents: mental capacity by means of Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), activities of daily living (ADL), and behaviour. The study population consisted of 1,296 residents from 21 institutions in 1985 and 1,141 residents from 16 institutions i 1996/97. RESULTS The percentage of mentally impaired residents increased significantly, from 75 to 82, and the percentage of residents who were in need of extended nursing care rose from 87 to 91. The median duration of stay did not change significantly, but was reduced for residents with slight mental impairments (CDR 1), from 871 to 721 days. INTERPRETATION Today, predominately mentally impaired and physically disabled elderly are cared for in general nursing homes. These are patients in need of continuous medical care and supervision, and do not fit into an ideology which "demedicalizes" severe medical conditions in old people. Both nursing homes and sheltered livings are needed.
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Drug use in homes for the aged. A comparison between mentally intact and mentally impaired residents. Aging Clin Exp Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03399661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Drug use in homes for the aged. A comparison between mentally intact and mentally impaired residents. AGING (MILAN, ITALY) 1999; 11:186-93. [PMID: 10476314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze drug use in 347 residents in homes for the aged in Bergen, Norway. All drugs prescribed on a regular schedule were assessed, the prevalence of potentially harmful drug combinations, and inappropriately prescribed drugs were studied and related to mental capacity of the residents. Mental capacity was assessed by means of the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR). The median number of drugs used was 4.0 (range 0-11, 95% CI 3.0-4.0). Mentally impaired residents consumed fewer drugs than mentally intact ones. In a logistic regression analysis the use of NSAIDS, beta-blockers and anxiolytics was significantly lower in mentally impaired residents (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17-0.80, OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.95, and OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.94, respectively), and the use of laxatives and vitamin B-12 higher (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.04-4.62, and OR 5.08, 95% CI 1.11-23.25, respectively). Twenty percent of mentally intact and 21% of mentally impaired residents have potentially harmful two-by-two drug combinations, and drugs augmenting sedating properties were dominating. The prevalence of inappropriately used drugs was significantly lower in mentally impaired residents (20%) than in mentally intact ones (33%). Antidepressants with anticholinergic properties, benzodiazepines with long half-life and phenothiazines were the most frequent.
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Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis--a case report. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1999; 42:89-91. [PMID: 10420690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a case of a 25 year old unmarried women who presented with intermittent fever and lower abdominal pain. Laparotomy revealed a large cystic left sided tuboovarian mass adherent to surrounding structures and containing foul smelling fluid. Microscopy showed extensive replacement of the ovary by a chronic inflammatory exudate composed predominantly of foamy macrophages.
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[Changes among residents in homes for the aged in Bergen between 1985-96]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 1997; 117:3533-5. [PMID: 9411915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Homes for the aged are intended for elderly people who, by and large, are able to perform basic activities of daily living (ADL) on their own, but who, in spite of this, need or wish to live in an institutional setting, where only minor nursing facilities are available. The present study focuses on the changes in mental capacity and in the altered need for nursing assistance with ADL functions which developed among residents at 13 homes for the aged in the city of Bergen, between 1985 and 1996. In 1985, the average age for residents was 84 years; and in 1996 it was 87 years. The average duration of stay was 30 and 38 months, respectively. There was a significant increase in the proportion of mentally impaired residents (28% and 35%). There was also an increase in the percentage in need of intensive nursing care (34% and 41%). The changes in residents living in the homes were not caused by dementia. It is concluded that homes for the aged are used increasingly for elderly in need of nursing care. There is an obvious mismatch between tasks and resources.
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Sequential respiratory, psychologic, and immunologic studies in relation to methyl isocyanate exposure over two years with model development. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 1992; 97:241-253. [PMID: 1396463 PMCID: PMC1519557 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9297241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Of 113 methyl isocyanate (MIC)-exposed subjects studied initially at Bhopal, India, 79, 56, 68, and 87 were followed with clinical, lung function, radiographic, and immunologic tests at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Though our cohort consisted of subjects at all ages showing a varied severity of initial illness, fewer females and young subjects were seen. Initially all had eye problems, but dominant symptoms were exertional dyspnea, cough, chest pain, sputum, and muscle weakness. A large number showed persistent depression mixed with anxiety, with disturbances of personality parameters. The early radiographic changes were lung edema, overinflation, enlarged heart, pleural scars, and consolidation. The persistent changes seen were interstitial deposits. Lung functions showed mainly restrictive changes with small airway obstruction; there was impairment of oxygen exchange. Oxygen exchange improved at 3-6 months, and spirometry improved at 12 months, only to decline later. The expiratory flow rates pertaining to large and medium airway function improved, but those for small airways remained low. There were changes of alveolitis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on fiber optic bronchoscopy, and in 11 cases positive MIC-specific antibodies to IgM, IgG, and IgE were demonstrated. On follow up, only 48% of the subjects were clinically stable, while 50% showed fluctuations. Thirty-two percent of the subjects had lung function fluctuations. Detailed sequential behavior over 2-4 years was predicted for dyspnea, forced vital capacity, maximum expiratory flow rate (0.25-0.75), peak expiratory flow rate, VO2, and depression score. A model for clinical behavior explained a total variance of 52.4% by using the factors of cough, PCO2 and X-ray zones in addition to above five parameters. The behavior of the railway colony group (1640 patients) revealed a similar pattern of illness. When this observed pattern of changes was transferred to the affected Bhopal city sections (with an equitable age-sex distribution), our model results were again validated. Thus the picture of MIC-induced disease seems similar despite the differences for age-sex and initial severity of illness in our cohort and in the population of Bhopal city as predicted by our model.
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A comparison of the effects of dietary cadmium on heart and kidney antioxidant enzymes: evidence for the greater vulnerability of the heart to cadmium toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 1989; 9:339-45. [PMID: 2592733 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2550090510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the greater susceptibility of the heart as compared to the kidney to cadmium in the presence of high dietary selenium. Male weanling rats were fed an adequate-copper low-selenium feed supplemented with 0, 10 or 50 ppm copper with or without 50 ppm dietary cadmium for 7 weeks. All rats received 0.5 ppm selenium in their drinking water. Cadmium treatment resulted in histopathological lesions in the heart, but not in the kidney. Although cadmium treatment resulted in more extensive effects on glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the heart as compared to the kidney, no increase in peroxidation was noted in either organ, suggesting that cadmium cardiotoxicity can be dissociated from tissue peroxidation. Mean cadmium concentrations in the heart ranged from 0.55 to 1.22 micrograms cadmium g-1 tissue, wet weight, and in the kidney from 11.53 to 21.04 micrograms cadmium g-1 tissue, wet weight. In both tissues examined, cadmium levels were influenced by dietary copper and heart cadmium concentrations did not correlate with either the biochemical or histological lesions observed. Thus, tissue cadmium levels alone may not be adequate for predicting cadmium toxicity.
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P-glycoprotein expression in multidrug-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res 1989; 49:2790-6. [PMID: 2565764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple selections with either vinblastine or vincristine in the human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 resulted in variants with increasing degrees of multidrug resistance. SKOV3 derivatives that span a wide range in resistance (4- to 2000-fold) were obtained and analyzed for P-glycoprotein expression. In general, we observed a progressive increase in P-glycoprotein level (detected by Western blot) that paralleled the increase in multidrug resistance. However, a more detailed analysis of the P-glycoprotein mRNA and gene level indicated that the amount of P-glycoprotein expressed may be under complex control. At low levels of resistance, only an increase in P-glycoprotein mRNA and protein was observed. At intermediate to high levels of resistance P-glycoprotein gene amplification became evident. At the high level of resistance, an example was observed where only the amount of P-glycoprotein was increased without a concomitant increase in mRNA or gene copy. The mechanisms through which the content of P-glycoprotein in the plasma membrane is mediated are not understood; it is possible that the resistant variants identified here represent perturbations at different levels of regulation.
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Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) refers to a complex phenotype that describes a number of features characterized primarily by resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated drugs. In this paper we investigated the relationship between drug resistance and resistance to NK-mediated cytotoxicity. Studies with two independently selected multidrug-resistant cell lines indicated that increased drug resistance was associated with both an increased resistance to NK-mediated cytotoxicity and increased levels of membrane P-glycoprotein expression. This resistance to cytotoxicity appears to result partly from an alteration in the membrane structure of the target cells inasmuch as there was a reduction in effector:target cell recognition. Resistance to NK-mediated cytotoxicity should be included with the numerous pleiotropic changes associated with the multidrug resistance phenotype.
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