1
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Simula L, Fumagalli M, Vimeux L, Rajnpreht I, Icard P, Birsen G, An D, Pendino F, Rouault A, Bercovici N, Damotte D, Lupo-Mansuet A, Alifano M, Alves-Guerra MC, Donnadieu E. Mitochondrial metabolism sustains CD8 + T cell migration for an efficient infiltration into solid tumors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2203. [PMID: 38467616 PMCID: PMC10928223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability of CD8+ T cells to infiltrate solid tumors and reach cancer cells is associated with improved patient survival and responses to immunotherapy. Thus, identifying the factors controlling T cell migration in tumors is critical, so that strategies to intervene on these targets can be developed. Although interstitial motility is a highly energy-demanding process, the metabolic requirements of CD8+ T cells migrating in a 3D environment remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the main metabolic pathway sustaining human CD8+ T cell motility in 3D collagen gels and tumor slices while glycolysis plays a more minor role. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we report that CD8+ T cell migration depends on the mitochondrial oxidation of glucose and glutamine, but not fatty acids, and both ATP and ROS produced by mitochondria are required for T cells to migrate. Pharmacological interventions to increase mitochondrial activity improve CD8+ T cell intratumoral migration and CAR T cell recruitment into tumor islets leading to better control of tumor growth in human xenograft models. Our study highlights the rationale of targeting mitochondrial metabolism to enhance the migration and antitumor efficacy of CAR T cells in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simula
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France.
| | - Mattia Fumagalli
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Lene Vimeux
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Irena Rajnpreht
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Philippe Icard
- Université de Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm U1086 Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Caen, France
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gary Birsen
- Department of Pneumology, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre, Université Paris-Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Dongjie An
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Frédéric Pendino
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Adrien Rouault
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- Department of Pathology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre, Université Paris-Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Lupo-Mansuet
- Department of Pathology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre, Université Paris-Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology Unit, 75006, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris-Cité, Equipe labellisée "Ligue contre le Cancer", Paris, 75014, France.
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2
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Blampey Q, Bercovici N, Dutertre CA, Pic I, Ribeiro JM, André F, Cournède PH. A biology-driven deep generative model for cell-type annotation in cytometry. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad260. [PMID: 37497716 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytometry enables precise single-cell phenotyping within heterogeneous populations. These cell types are traditionally annotated via manual gating, but this method lacks reproducibility and sensitivity to batch effect. Also, the most recent cytometers-spectral flow or mass cytometers-create rich and high-dimensional data whose analysis via manual gating becomes challenging and time-consuming. To tackle these limitations, we introduce Scyan https://github.com/MICS-Lab/scyan, a Single-cell Cytometry Annotation Network that automatically annotates cell types using only prior expert knowledge about the cytometry panel. For this, it uses a normalizing flow-a type of deep generative model-that maps protein expressions into a biologically relevant latent space. We demonstrate that Scyan significantly outperforms the related state-of-the-art models on multiple public datasets while being faster and interpretable. In addition, Scyan overcomes several complementary tasks, such as batch-effect correction, debarcoding and population discovery. Overall, this model accelerates and eases cell population characterization, quantification and discovery in cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Blampey
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratory of Mathematics and Computer Science (MICS), 3 rue Joliot Curie, 91190,Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, 22 Rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U1015, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Pic
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Joana Mourato Ribeiro
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Médecine Oncologique, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice André
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Médecine Oncologique, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul-Henry Cournède
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratory of Mathematics and Computer Science (MICS), 3 rue Joliot Curie, 91190,Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Vermare A, Guérin MV, Peranzoni E, Bercovici N. Dynamic CD8+ T Cell Cooperation with Macrophages and Monocytes for Successful Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143546. [PMID: 35884605 PMCID: PMC9318008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Innate and adaptive immunity mutually regulate one another in a dynamic fashion during immune responses. In infectious contexts, positive interactions between macrophages, monocytes and T cells are well recognized, but this is not the case in the field of cancer, where the growth of tumors disturbs the immune response. However, recent advances revealed that successful immunotherapy profoundly remodels the tumor microenvironment, promoting the activation of both T cells and myeloid cells. This review highlights the studies that hint at positive CD8+ T cell cooperation with monocytes and macrophages in this context, and discusses the potential mechanisms behind this. Abstract The essential roles endorsed by macrophages and monocytes are well established in response to infections, where they contribute to launching the differentiation of specific T-lymphocytes for long-term protection. This knowledge is the result of dynamic studies that can inspire the cancer field, particularly now that cancer immunotherapies elicit some tumor regression. Indeed, immune responses to cancer have mainly been studied after tumors have escaped immune attacks. In particular, the suppressive functions of macrophages were revealed in this context, introducing an obvious bias across the literature. In this review, we will focus on the ways inwhich monocytes and macrophages cooperate with T-lymphocytes, leading to successful immune responses. We will bring together the preclinical studies that have revealed the existence of such positive cooperation in the cancer field, and we will place particular emphasis on proposing the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we will give some perspectives to decipher the functional roles of such T-cell and myeloid cell interactions in the frame of human cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vermare
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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4
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Kantari-Mimoun C, Barrin S, Vimeux L, Haghiri S, Gervais C, Joaquina S, Mittelstaet J, Mockel-Tenbrinck N, Kinkhabwala A, Damotte D, Lupo A, Sibony M, Alifano M, Dondi E, Bercovici N, Trautmann A, Kaiser AD, Donnadieu E. CAR T-cell Entry into Tumor Islets Is a Two-Step Process Dependent on IFNγ and ICAM-1. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1425-1438. [PMID: 34686489 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has shown remarkable clinical efficacy against advanced B-cell malignancies but not yet against solid tumors. Here, we used fluorescent imaging microscopy and ex vivo assays to compare the early functional responses (migration, Ca2+, and cytotoxicity) of CD20 and EGFR CAR T cells upon contact with malignant B cells and carcinoma cells. Our results indicated that CD20 CAR T cells rapidly form productive ICAM-1-dependent conjugates with their targets. By comparison, EGFR CAR T cells only initially interacted with a subset of carcinoma cells located at the periphery of tumor islets. After this initial peripheral activation, EGFR CAR T cells progressively relocated to the center of tumor cell regions. The analysis of this two-step entry process showed that activated CAR T cells triggered the upregulation of ICAM-1 on tumor cells in an IFNγ-dependent pathway. The ICAM-1/LFA-1 interaction interference, through antibody or shRNA blockade, prevented CAR T-cell enrichment in tumor islets. The requirement for IFNγ and ICAM-1 to enable CAR T-cell entry into tumor islets is of significance for improving CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chahrazade Kantari-Mimoun
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Barrin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Lene Vimeux
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Haghiri
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Claire Gervais
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sandy Joaquina
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Diane Damotte
- Department of Pathology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Lupo
- Department of Pathology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Sibony
- Department of Pathology, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Elisabetta Dondi
- INSERM, UMR 978, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Labex Inflamex, Bobigny, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France. .,Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
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5
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Abstract
This note challenges the current idea that a key role of T cells in tumor regression is to directly kill tumor cells. It favors the view that TIL are keys but act indirectly by helping other immune cells to damage the tumor and its stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Bercovici
- Inserm; U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France ; CNRS; UMR8104; Paris, France ; Univ Paris Descartes; Paris, France
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6
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Daher C, Vimeux L, Stoeva R, Peranzoni E, Bismuth G, Wieduwild E, Lucas B, Donnadieu E, Bercovici N, Trautmann A, Feuillet V. Blockade of β-Adrenergic Receptors Improves CD8 + T-cell Priming and Cancer Vaccine Efficacy. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1849-1863. [PMID: 31527069 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling exerts protumoral effects by acting directly on tumor cells and angiogenesis. In addition, β-AR expression on immune cells affects their ability to mount antitumor immune responses. However, how β-AR signaling impinges antitumor immune responses is still unclear. Using a mouse model of vaccine-based immunotherapy, we showed that propranolol, a nonselective β-blocker, strongly improved the efficacy of an antitumor STxBE7 vaccine by enhancing the frequency of CD8+ T lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor (TIL). However, propranolol had no effect on the reactivity of CD8+ TILs, a result further strengthened by ex vivo experiments showing that these cells were insensitive to adrenaline- or noradrenaline-induced AR signaling. In contrast, naïve CD8+ T-cell activation was strongly inhibited by β-AR signaling, and the beneficial effect of propranolol mainly occurred during CD8+ T-cell priming in the tumor-draining lymph node. We also demonstrated that the differential sensitivity of naïve CD8+ T cells and CD8+ TILs to β-AR signaling was linked to a strong downregulation of β2-AR expression related to their activation status, since in vitro-activated CD8+ T cells behaved similarly to CD8+ TILs. These results revealed that β-AR signaling suppresses the initial priming phase of antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses, providing a rationale to use clinically available β-blockers in patients to improve cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Daher
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Lene Vimeux
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Ralitsa Stoeva
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Peranzoni
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Wieduwild
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Feuillet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.
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7
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Abstract
It is well established that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) found in most advanced tumors have a pro-tumoral role. In this context, TAM limit the activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and a number of mechanisms have been described including a trapping in the stroma, impeding TIL to reach malignant cells. Based on these results, a number of therapeutic approaches have been designed to deplete TAM. However, during tumor regression induced by immunotherapeutic treatments, recent studies revealed that TAM can switch from pro-tumoral to anti-tumoral and actively cooperate with TIL. Here, we will review the two faces of TAM in their interaction with TIL. We will summarize how they can inhibit T cell activities in growing tumors, and how they may also, together with T cells, successfully contribute to tumor eradication after an appropriate stimulation. Finally, we will discuss current promising therapies combining TAM reprogramming with T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Bercovici
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marion V. Guérin
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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8
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Loyher PL, Hamon P, Laviron M, Meghraoui-Kheddar A, Goncalves E, Deng Z, Torstensson S, Bercovici N, Baudesson de Chanville C, Combadière B, Geissmann F, Savina A, Combadière C, Boissonnas A. Macrophages of distinct origins contribute to tumor development in the lung. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2536-2553. [PMID: 30201786 PMCID: PMC6170177 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages can self-maintain without contribution of adult hematopoiesis. Herein we show that tissue-resident interstitial macrophages (Res-TAMs) in mouse lungs contribute to the pool of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) together with CCR2-dependent recruited macrophages (MoD-TAMs). Res-TAMs largely correlated with tumor cell growth in vivo, while MoD-TAMs accumulation was associated with enhanced tumor spreading. Both cell subsets were depleted after chemotherapy, but MoD-TAMs rapidly recovered and performed phagocytosis-mediated tumor clearance. Interestingly, anti-VEGF treatment combined with chemotherapy inhibited both Res and Mod-TAM reconstitution without affecting monocyte infiltration and improved its efficacy. Our results reveal that the developmental origin of TAMs dictates their relative distribution, function, and response to cancer therapies in lung tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Loyher
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France.,Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Pauline Hamon
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Marie Laviron
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Aïda Meghraoui-Kheddar
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Elena Goncalves
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Zihou Deng
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sara Torstensson
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Camille Baudesson de Chanville
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Béhazine Combadière
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Geissmann
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ariel Savina
- Institut Roche, 30, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Combadière
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Boissonnas
- Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, Paris, France
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9
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Weiss JM, Guérin MV, Regnier F, Renault G, Galy-Fauroux I, Vimeux L, Feuillet V, Peranzoni E, Thoreau M, Trautmann A, Bercovici N. The STING agonist DMXAA triggers a cooperation between T lymphocytes and myeloid cells that leads to tumor regression. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1346765. [PMID: 29123960 PMCID: PMC5665074 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1346765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regressing tumors are usually associated with a large immune infiltrate, but the molecular and cellular interactions that govern a successful anti-tumor immunity remain elusive. Here, we have triggered type I Interferon (IFN) signaling in a breast tumor model (MMTV-PyMT) using 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), a ligand of the STimulator of Interferon Genes, STING. The 2 main events rapidly triggered by DMXAA in transplanted PyMT tumors are 1) the disruption of the tumor vasculature, followed by hypoxia and cell death; 2) the release of chemokines. Both events converged to trigger the recruitment of 2 waves of immune cells: a swift, massive recruitment of neutrophils, followed by a delayed rise in monocytes and CD8 T cells in the tumor mass. Depletion experiments in vivo revealed that myeloid cell subsets and T cells need to cooperate to achieve full-blown recruitment and activation at the tumor site and to induce effective secondary cell death leading to tumor regression (Illustration 1). Altogether, our study highlights that the tumor regression induced by the STING agonist DMXAA results from a cascade of events, with an initial vessel destruction followed by several infiltration waves of immune cells which have to cooperate to amplify and sustain the initial effect. We thus provide the first global and detailed kinetic analysis of the anti-tumoral effect of DMXAA and of its different articulated steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Weiss
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Marion V Guérin
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Fabienne Regnier
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Gilles Renault
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | | | - Lene Vimeux
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Vincent Feuillet
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Elisa Peranzoni
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Maxime Thoreau
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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10
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Ženka J, Caisová V, Uher O, Nedbalová P, Kvardová K, Masáková K, Krejčová G, Paďouková L, Jochmanová I, Wolf KI, Chmelař J, Kopecký J, Loumagne L, Mestadier J, D’agostino S, Rohaut A, Ruffin Y, Croize V, Lemaître O, Sidhu SS, Althammer S, Steele K, Rebelatto M, Tan T, Wiestler T, Spitzmueller A, Korn R, Schmidt G, Higgs B, Li X, Shi L, Jin X, Ranade K, Koeck S, Amann A, Gamerith G, Zwierzina M, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Kern J, Riva M, Baert T, Coosemans A, Giovannoni R, Radaelli E, Gsell W, Himmelreich U, Van Ranst M, Xing F, Qian W, Dong C, Xu X, Guo S, Shi Q, Quandt D, Seliger B, Plett C, Amberger DC, Rabe A, Deen D, Stankova Z, Hirn A, Vokac Y, Werner J, Krämer D, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer H, Guerin M, Weiss JM, Regnier F, Renault G, Vimeux L, Peranzoni E, Feuillet V, Thoreau M, Guilbert T, Trautmann A, Bercovici N, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Boeck CL, Plett C, Gunsilius C, Kugler C, Werner J, Schmohl J, Kraemer D, Ismann B, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer HM, Markota A, Ochs C, May P, Gottschlich A, Gosálvez JS, Karches C, Wenk D, Endres S, Kobold S, Hilmenyuk T, Klar R, Jaschinski F, Gamerith G, Augustin F, Lorenz E, Manzl C, Hoflehner E, Moser P, Zelger B, Köck S, Amann A, Kern J, Schäfer G, Öfner D, Maier H, Zwierzina H, Sopper S, Prado-Garcia H, Romero-Garcia S, Sandoval-Martínez R, Puerto-Aquino A, Lopez-Gonzalez J, Rumbo-Nava U, Klar R, Hilmenyuk T, Jaschinski F, Coosemans A, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Coosemans A, Laengle J, Pilatova K, Budinska E, Bencsikova B, Sefr R, Nenutil R, Brychtova V, Fedorova L, Hanakova B, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Allen C, Ku YC, Tom W, Sun Y, Pankov A, Looney T, Hyland F, Au-Young J, Mongan A, Becker A, Tan JBL, Chen A, Lawson K, Lindsey E, Powers JP, Walters M, Schindler U, Young S, Jaen JC, Yin S, Chen Y, Gullo I, Gonçalves G, Pinto ML, Athelogou M, Almeida G, Huss R, Oliveira C, Carneiro F, Merz C, Sykora J, Hermann K, Hussong R, Richards DM, Fricke H, Hill O, Gieffers C, Pinho MP, Barbuto JAM, McArdle SE, Foulds G, Vadakekolathu JN, Abdel-Fatah TMA, Johnson C, Hood S, Moseley P, Rees RC, Chan SYT, Pockley AG, Rutella S, Geppert C, Hartmann A, Kumar KS, Gokilavani M, Wang S, Merz C, Richards DM, Sykora J, Redondo-Müller M, Heinonen K, Marschall V, Thiemann M, Fricke H, Gieffers C, Hill O, Zhang L, Mao B, Jin Y, Zhai G, Li Z, Wang Z, Qian W, An X, Qiao M, Zhang J, Shi Q, Weber J, Kluger H, Halaban R, Sznol M, Roder H, Roder J, Grigorieva J, Asmellash S, Oliveira C, Meyer K, Steingrimsson A, Blackmon S, Sullivan R, Boeck CL, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Sutanto W, Guenther T, Schmohl J, Schuster F, Salih H, Babor F, Borkhardt A, Schmetzer H, Kim Y, Oh I, Park C, Ahn S, Na K, Song S, Choi Y, Fedorova L, Poprach A, Lakomy R, Selingerova I, Demlova R, Pilatova K, Kozakova S, Valik D, Petrakova K, Vyzula R, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Aguilar-Cazares D, Galicia-Velasco M, Camacho-Mendoza C, Islas-Vazquez L, Chavez-Dominguez R, Gonzalez-Gonzalez C, Prado-Garcia H, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Yang S, Moynihan KD, Noh M, Bekdemir A, Stellacci F, Irvine DJ, Volz B, Kapp K, Oswald D, Wittig B, Schmidt M, Chavez-Dominguez R, Aguilar-Cazares D, Prado-Garcia H, Islas-Vazquez L, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Kleef R, Bohdjalian A, McKee D, Moss RW, Saeed M, Zalba S, Debets R, ten Hagen TLM, Javed S, Becher J, Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Gordon EM, Sankhala KK, Stumpf N, Tseng W, Chawla SP, Suárez NG, Báez GB, Rodríguez MC, Pérez AG, García LC, Fernández DH, Pous JR, Ramírez BS, Jacoberger-Foissac C, Saliba H, Seguin C, Brion A, Frisch B, Fournel S, Heurtault B, Otterhaug T, Håkerud M, Nedberg A, Edwards V, Selbo P, Høgset A, Jaitly T, Dörrie J, Schaft N, Gross S, Schuler-Thurner B, Gupta S, Taher L, Schuler G, Vera J, Rataj F, Kraus F, Grassmann S, Chaloupka M, Lesch S, Heise C, Endres S, Kobold S, Cadilha BML, Dorman K, Heise C, Rataj F, Endres S, Kobold S. Abstracts from the 4th ImmunoTherapy of Cancer Conference. J Immunother Cancer 2017. [PMCID: PMC5374589 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Thoreau M, Bercovici N, Trautmann A. [The vaccination-induced cooperation of T cells and myeloid cells leads to an anti-tumoral effect]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:244-6. [PMID: 27021202 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163203006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Thoreau
- Institut Cochin, université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8104, Inserm U1016, département Infection, Immunité, Inflammation, 22, rue Méchain, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Institut Cochin, université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8104, Inserm U1016, département Infection, Immunité, Inflammation, 22, rue Méchain, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Institut Cochin, université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8104, Inserm U1016, département Infection, Immunité, Inflammation, 22, rue Méchain, 75014 Paris, France
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12
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Wang SF, Fouquet S, Chapon M, Salmon H, Regnier F, Labroquère K, Badoual C, Damotte D, Validire P, Maubec E, Delongchamps NB, Cazes A, Gibault L, Garcette M, Dieu-Nosjean MC, Zerbib M, Avril MF, Prévost-Blondel A, Randriamampita C, Trautmann A, Bercovici N. Early T cell signalling is reversibly altered in PD-1+ T lymphocytes infiltrating human tumors. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17621. [PMID: 21408177 PMCID: PMC3049782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve cancer immunotherapy, a better understanding of the weak efficiency of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) is necessary. We have analyzed the functional state of human TIL immediately after resection of three types of tumors (NSCLC, melanoma and RCC). Several signalling pathways (calcium, phosphorylation of ERK and Akt) and cytokine secretion are affected to different extents in TIL, and show a partial spontaneous recovery within a few hours in culture. The global result is an anergy that is quite distinct from clonal anergy induced in vitro, and closer to adaptive tolerance in mice. PD-1 (programmed death -1) is systematically expressed by TIL and may contribute to their anergy by its mere expression, and not only when it interacts with its ligands PD-L1 or PD-L2, which are not expressed by every tumor. Indeed, the TCR-induced calcium and ERK responses were reduced in peripheral blood T cells transfected with PD-1. Inhibition by sodium stibogluconate of the SHP-1 and SHP-2 phosphatases that associate with several inhibitory receptors including PD-1, relieves part of the anergy apparent in TIL or in PD-1-transfected T cells. This work highlights some of the molecular modifications contributing to functional defects of human TIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Wang
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Fouquet
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Chapon
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Salmon
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Regnier
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Karine Labroquère
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Badoual
- Inserm U970, Univ Paris Descartes, PARCC, Paris, France
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- Laboratoire Microenvironnement immunitaire et tumeurs, INSERM U872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Univ Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S872, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, UMR S872, Paris, France
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologie, Hôpital Hôtel Dieu, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologie, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Eve Maubec
- APHP, UnivParis Diderot, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurélie Cazes
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
- Inserm U833, Collège de France, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gibault
- Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marylène Garcette
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- Laboratoire Microenvironnement immunitaire et tumeurs, INSERM U872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Univ Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S872, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, UMR S872, Paris, France
| | - Marc Zerbib
- APHP, Hôpital Cochin, service d'Urologie, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Prévost-Blondel
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Randriamampita
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (AT); (NB)
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (AT); (NB)
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Fregni G, Perier A, Pittari G, Jacobelli S, Sastre X, Gervois N, Allard M, Bercovici N, Avril MF, Caignard A. Unique functional status of natural killer cells in metastatic stage IV melanoma patients and its modulation by chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:2628-37. [PMID: 21224372 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapy is an alternative for metastatic melanoma patients resistant to chemotherapy. Natural killer (NK) cells are powerful antileukemia effectors and their role in solid tumors is suspected. NK cell activation is regulated by a balance between activating receptors, which detect stress molecules on tumor cells, and HLA-I specific inhibitory receptors. Here, we studied the phenotype and function of NK cells in stage IV metastatic melanoma patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Circulating NK cells from 35 healthy donors and 51 patients were studied: 24 patients before chemotherapy (prechemotherapy), 17 patients 1 month after 1 to 4 lines of chemotherapy (postchemotherapy), and 10 patients analyzed pre- and postchemotherapy. NK functionality was carried out toward 2 primary metastatic melanoma cell lines, analyzed for the expression of NK receptor ligands. RESULTS NK cells from prechemotherapy patients exhibit an NKp46(dim)/NKG2A(dim) phenotype. In contrast, NK cells from postchemotherapy patients display high expression of NKp46 and NKG2A receptors. Purified NK cells from patients are efficiently activated in response to melanoma cells. Melanoma cells express different level of NKG2D ligands and HLA-I molecules. In agreements with their phenotype, NK cells from pre- and postchemotherapy patients present distinct functional status toward these primary melanoma cells. A dynamic label free assay was used to determine the pathways involved in the lysis of melanoma cells by IL-2-activated NK cells. NKG2D, NCR (natural cytotoxicity receptor), and DNAM-1 are involved in the NK-mediated lysis of melanoma cells. CONCLUSIONS These results provide new arguments and clues to design NK cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fregni
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Nantes, France
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Ross M, Camacho LH, Hersh EM, Brown CK, Richards J, Mitsky P, Wasserman E, Lee S, Bercovici N, Landais D, Ribas A. Clinical and Immunological responses in patients with malignant melanoma treated with a dendritic cell-based vaccine. Preliminary report from a multi-institutional phase II clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3004 Background: We have previously reported that vaccination with IDM therapeutic vaccine (IDD-3/Uvidem [Uvidem is co-developed with SANOFI-AVENTIS]) composed of dendritic cells (DC) loaded with three allogeneic lysates from tumor cell lines can elicit immune and anti-tumor responses. We describe here the preliminary results from a phase II clinical trial in metastatic melanoma patients. Methods: DC-MEL-202 is a single arm, two-stage phase II trial designed to evaluate clinical and immunological activities and the safety of a multivalent DC vaccine in patients with in-transit or low volume metastatic melanoma. There was no HLA restriction. Autologous DC were generated, under GMP conditions, from monocytes cultured in GM-CSF and IL-13, loaded with three allogeneic melanoma tumor lysates (M44, SK-MEL 28 and COLO 829) and matured with a combination of bacterial extract (FMKP) and IFN-γ, generating up to 15 doses of the vaccine containing 25x106 DC. Patients received six bi-weekly and two 6-weekly injections (id and sc). Clinical responders were eligible to receive additional doses. Immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAA) peptides was assessed, at several time points, by detection of IFN-γ producing cells by flow cytometry Results: 33 patients were treated. To date: Vaccination is well tolerated with toxicity limited to mild events (only one possibly related SAE, age-related macular degeneration, was reported). Clinical response (RECIST): 6 patients showed evidence of clinical benefit (1CR, 1PR and 4 SD) with duration of response ranging from 7.5 to 22 months. Assessment of pathological response in target sites in 2 pts (1 PR, 1 SD) showed no residual disease.. 23/33 patients are still alive with a mean follow-up of 11mo (range 3–22mo). Mature data of PFS and OS will be presented. Immune response: 21 (84 %) out of 25 evaluated patients showed detectable TAA-specific CD8+ T cells with ten showing boosted or appearance of anti-TAA specific CD8+ T cells. Conclusions: Vaccination with IDD-3/Uvidem is safe and can elicit tumor specific CD8+ T cells not limited to HLA-A2+ patients. Substantial clinical benefit warrants further development of IDD3. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ross
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - L. H. Camacho
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - E. M. Hersh
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - C. K. Brown
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J. Richards
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - P. Mitsky
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - E. Wasserman
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S. Lee
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - N. Bercovici
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - D. Landais
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - A. Ribas
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Arizona Cancer Center, Tuscon, AZ; University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Lutheran General Cancer Care Center, Park Ridge, IL; Paragon Biomedical, Inc., Claremont, CA; AAI Oncology, San Antonio, TX; IDM, Inc., Irvine, CA; IDM, SA., Paris, France; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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Salcedo M, Bercovici N, Taylor R, Vereecken P, Massicard S, Duriau D, Vernel-Pauillac F, Boyer A, Baron-Bodo V, Mallard E, Bartholeyns J, Goxe B, Latour N, Leroy S, Prigent D, Martiat P, Sales F, Laporte M, Bruyns C, Romet-Lemonne JL, Abastado JP, Lehmann F, Velu T. Vaccination of melanoma patients using dendritic cells loaded with an allogeneic tumor cell lysate. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2006; 55:819-29. [PMID: 16187085 PMCID: PMC11030805 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-005-0078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Accepted: 08/06/2005] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present phase I/II study was to evaluate the safety, immune responses and clinical activity of a vaccine based on autologous dendritic cells (DC) loaded with an allogeneic tumor cell lysate in advanced melanoma patients. DC derived from monocytes were generated in serum-free medium containing GM-CSF and IL-13 according to Good Manufacturing Practices. Fifteen patients with metastatic melanoma (stage III or IV) received four subcutaneous, intradermal, and intranodal vaccinations of both DC loaded with tumor cell lysate and DC loaded with hepatitis B surface protein (HBs) and/or tetanus toxoid (TT). No grade 3 or 4 adverse events related to the vaccination were observed. Enhanced immunity to the allogeneic tumor cell lysate and to TAA-derived peptides were documented, as well as immune responses to HBs/TT antigens. Four out of nine patients who received the full treatment survived for more than 20 months. Two patients showed signs of clinical response and received 3 additional doses of vaccine: one patient showed regression of in-transit metastases leading to complete remission. Eighteen months later, the patient was still free of disease. The second patient experienced stabilization of lung metastases for approximately 10 months. Overall, our results show that vaccination with DC loaded with an allogeneic melanoma cell lysate was feasible in large-scale and well-tolerated in this group of advanced melanoma patients. Immune responses to tumor-related antigens documented in some treated patients support further investigations to optimize the vaccine formulation.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Neoplasm/therapeutic use
- Cancer Vaccines/adverse effects
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor/chemistry
- Cell Line, Tumor/immunology
- Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured/immunology
- Cells, Cultured/transplantation
- Culture Media, Serum-Free
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/transplantation
- Female
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/administration & dosage
- Humans
- Injections
- Injections, Intradermal
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Interleukin-13/pharmacology
- Isoantigens/administration & dosage
- Isoantigens/therapeutic use
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/secondary
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymph Nodes
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Melanoma/immunology
- Melanoma/secondary
- Melanoma/therapy
- Middle Aged
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- Tetanus Toxoid/administration & dosage
- Tissue Extracts/administration & dosage
- Tissue Extracts/immunology
- Tissue Extracts/therapeutic use
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccination/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Salcedo
- IDM Research Laboratory, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
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Gorin I, Prince M, Grob JJ, Leccia MT, Lesimple T, Ferriès E, Bercovici N, Tartour E, Taylor R, Robert C. A phase I/II study of a multivalent dendritic cell vaccine in patients with metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. Gorin
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M. Prince
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - J.-J. Grob
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M.-T. Leccia
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - T. Lesimple
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - E. Ferriès
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - N. Bercovici
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - E. Tartour
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - R. Taylor
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - C. Robert
- Hôpital Tarnier-Cochin, Paris, France; Peter MacCallum Cancer Ctr, East Melbourne, Australia; Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France; Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Ctr Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; IDM S. A., Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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18
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Barrou B, Benoît G, Ouldkaci M, Cussenot O, Salcedo M, Agrawal S, Massicard S, Bercovici N, Ericson ML, Thiounn N. Vaccination of prostatectomized prostate cancer patients in biochemical relapse, with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant human PSA. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2004; 53:453-60. [PMID: 14760510 PMCID: PMC11032899 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-003-0451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2003] [Accepted: 08/07/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted in prostate cancer patients in biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy, to assess the feasibility, safety, and immunogenicity of therapeutic vaccination with autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with human recombinant prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (Dendritophage-rPSA). Twenty-four patients with histologically proven prostate carcinoma and an isolated postoperative rise of serum PSA (>1 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml) after radical prostatectomy were included. The patients received nine administrations of PSA-loaded DCs by combined intravenous, subcutaneous, and intradermal routes over 21 weeks. Postbaseline blood tests were performed at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 (PSA levels), at months 6 and 12 (circulating prostate cancer cells), at month 6 (anti-PSA IgG and IgM antibodies), and at up to eight time points before, during, and after immunization (PSA-specific T cells). Circulating prostate cancer cells detected in six patients at baseline were undetectable at 6 months and remained undetectable at 12 months. Eleven patients had a postbaseline transient PSA decrease on one to three occasions, predominantly occurring at month 1 (7 patients) or month 3 (2 patients). Maximum PSA decrease ranged from 6% to 39%. PSA decrease on at least one occasion was more frequent in patients with low Gleason score ( p=0.016) at prostatectomy and with positive skin tests at study baseline ( p=0.04). PSA-specific T cells were detected ex vivo by ELISpot for IFN-gamma in 7 patients before vaccination and in 11 patients after vaccination. Of the latter 11 patients, 5 had detectable T cells both before and during the vaccination period, 4 only during the vaccination period, while 2 patients could for technical reasons not be assessed prevaccination. No induction of anti-PSA IgG or IgM antibodies was detected. There were no serious adverse events or otherwise severe toxicities observed during the trial. Immunization with Dendritophage-rPSA was feasible and safe in this cohort of patients. An immune response specific for PSA could be detected in some patients. A notable effect was the disappearance of circulating prostate cells in all patients who were RT-PCR positive before vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Barrou
- Service d'Urologie, AP-HP, Hôpital la Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Cedex 13, 75651 Paris, France.
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19
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Mallard E, Vernel-Pauillac F, Velu T, Lehmann F, Abastado JP, Salcedo M, Bercovici N. IL-2 Production by Virus- and Tumor-Specific Human CD8 T Cells Is Determined by Their Fine Specificity. J Immunol 2004; 172:3963-70. [PMID: 15004205 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.6.3963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Memory CD8 T cells mediate rapid and effective immune responses against previously encountered Ags. However, these cells display considerable phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. In an effort to identify parameters that correlate with immune protection, we compared cell surface markers, proliferation, and cytokine production of distinct virus- and tumor-specific human CD8 populations. Phenotypic analysis of epitope-specific CD8 T cells showed that Ag specificity is associated with distinct CCR7/CD45RA expression profiles, suggesting that Ag recognition drives the expression of these molecules on effector/memory T cells. Moreover, the majority of central memory T cells (CD45RAlowCCR7dull) secreting cytokines in response to an EBV epitope produces both IL-2 and IFN-gamma, whereas effector memory CD8 cells (CD45RAdullCCR7-) found in EBV, CMV, or Melan-A memory pools are mostly composed of cells secreting exclusively IFN-gamma. However, these various subsets, including Melan-A-specific effector memory cells differentiated in cancer patients, display similar Ag-driven proliferation in vitro. Our findings show for the first time that human epitope-specific CD8 memory pools differ in IL-2 production after antigenic stimulation, although they display similar intrinsic proliferation capacity. These results provide new insights in the characterization of human virus- and tumor-specific CD8 lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Mallard
- IDM (Immuno-Designed Molecules) Research Laboratory, University of Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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20
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Givan AL, Fisher JL, Waugh MG, Bercovici N, Wallace PK. Use of cell-tracking dyes to determine proliferation precursor frequencies of antigen-specific T cells. Methods Mol Biol 2004; 263:109-24. [PMID: 14976363 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-773-4:109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The T-cell receptor provides T cells with specificity for antigens of particular molecular structure (the "epitope"); the T-cell pool in an individual responds to the presence of many different antigenic epitopes, but any particular T cell will respond preferentially to one defined epitope. After stimulation of a T cell by the binding of its receptor to its cognate antigen in the context of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule on an antigen-presenting cell, the T cell will begin to proliferate and synthesize cytokines. Tetramer binding and the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) method have been used to determine what proportion of cells in the T-cell pool can bind to a defined antigenic peptide or will secrete cytokines in response to a particular antigenic stimulation. The method described here uses tracking dyes to determine what proportion of T cells will proliferate in response to stimulation. As a flow cytometric "single-cell" method, it can be combined with tetramer and cytokine staining to determine the precursor frequencies of cells in the T-cell pool able to bind tetramer, to synthesize cytokines, and to proliferate in response to antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice L Givan
- Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA
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21
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Hartemann-Heurtier A, Mars LT, Bercovici N, Desbois S, Cambouris C, Piaggio E, Zappulla J, Saoudi A, Liblau RS. An Altered Self-Peptide with Superagonist Activity Blocks a CD8-Mediated Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes. J Immunol 2004; 172:915-22. [PMID: 14707063 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.2.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell tolerance can be experimentally induced through administration of self-peptides with single amino acid substitution (altered peptide ligands or APLs). However, little is known about the effects of APLs on already differentiated autoreactive CD8+ T cells that play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. We generated a panel of APLs derived from an influenza virus hemagglutinin peptide exhibiting in vitro functions ranging from antagonism to superagonism on specific CD8+ T cells. A superagonist APL was further characterized for its therapeutic activity in a transgenic mouse model of type 1 diabetes. When injected i.v. 1 day after the transfer of diabetogenic hemagglutinin-specific CD8+ T cells into insulin promoter-hemagglutinin transgenic mice, the superagonist APL proved more effective than the native hemagglutinin peptide in blocking diabetes. This protective effect was associated with an inhibition of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity in vivo and with a decreased accumulation of these cells in the pancreas, leading to a marked reduction of intrainsulitis. In conclusion, a superagonist "self-peptide" APL was more effective than the native peptide in treating a CD8+ T cell-mediated diabetes model.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Alanine/metabolism
- Amino Acid Substitution/immunology
- Animals
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- Autoantigens/physiology
- Autoantigens/therapeutic use
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/therapeutic use
- Glycine/metabolism
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism
- Injections, Intravenous
- Islets of Langerhans/immunology
- Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
- Islets of Langerhans/pathology
- Ligands
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptide Fragments/agonists
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Hartemann-Heurtier
- Institut National de la Scientifique et de la Santé Recherche Médicale Unité 546, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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22
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Bercovici N, Givan AL, Waugh MG, Fisher JL, Vernel-Pauillac F, Ernstoff MS, Abastado JP, Wallace PK. Multiparameter precursor analysis of T-cell responses to antigen. J Immunol Methods 2003; 276:5-17. [PMID: 12738355 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(03)00059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Triggering of the T-cell receptor by cognate antigen induces a variety of cellular events leading to cell proliferation and differentiation. While the plasticity and diversity of T-cell responses have been recognized for a long time, few quantitative studies have been conducted to measure what proportion of specific T cells will enter a given differentiation program after antigen stimulation. In the present study, we analyzed human T cells cultured with influenza-peptide-loaded dendritic cells. We compared three individual methods for assaying the frequency of antigen-specific T cells: ELISPOT, tetramer-binding, and proliferation. The three methods yielded similar but not identical results. In order to study these differences at the single cell level, we developed a multiparameter flow cytometric method, which allows simultaneous analysis of antigen-specific tetramer binding, T-cell proliferation, and cytokine production. Based on these data, we used flow precursor frequency analysis to calculate the proportion of eight different precursor subsets in the original, resting population. We conclude that approximately half of the cells that bound specific tetramers actually proliferated and synthesized IFNgamma in response to antigen. In addition, similar numbers of cells that did not bind tetramer proliferated (but did not synthesize IFNgamma). The method allows for an estimate of the precursor frequency of each functional subset within the initial population. It could be applied to additional markers of function and differentiation, combining all parameters into a description of the complex response potential of a T-cell pool.
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23
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Kaiser A, Bercovici N, Abastado JP, Nardin A. Naive CD8+ T cell recruitment and proliferation are dependent on stage of dendritic cell maturation. Eur J Immunol 2003; 33:162-71. [PMID: 12594845 DOI: 10.1002/immu.200390019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in controlling the initiation and orientation of antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses. It is widely accepted that optimal T cell priming requires mature DC. Although the molecular events associated with DC activation have been extensively studied, little is known about the consequences of DC maturation on recruitment and expansion of naive T cells. In the present study, we used a model tumor Ag to show that the kinetics of human DC maturation drastically affect the induction of Ag-specific effector CD8(+) T cells. In absence of exogenous cytokines and CD4 help, only DC at early stages of maturation were able to generate high frequencies of CTL. This expansion resulted from both enhanced recruitment and intense proliferation ofT cell precursors and could lead to an increase of up to 1,000-fold in the final number of effector T cells compared to non-matured DC. In our model, larger recruitment of naïve CD8(+) cells did not modify the overall avidity of the Ag-specific T cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kaiser
- Immuno-Designed Molecules, University of Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, France
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24
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Bercovici N, Massicard S, Agrawal S, Pauillac F, Duffour M, Boccaccio C, Boyer A, Nardin A, Chauvet I, Prigent D, Fabbro MO, Goxe B, Latour N, Heshmati F, Duriau D, Lehmann F, Bruyns C, Velu T, Romet-Lemonne JL, Abastado JP, Salcedo M. Dendritic cells generated in the presence of IL-13 and GM-CSF in a GMP large scale production process are potent tumor antigen stimulators and are well tolerated by cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)80395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Vizler C, Bercovici N, Heurtier A, Pardigon N, Goude K, Bailly K, Combadière C, Liblau RS. Relative diabetogenic properties of islet-specific Tc1 and Tc2 cells in immunocompetent hosts. J Immunol 2000; 165:6314-21. [PMID: 11086068 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.11.6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD8(+) T cells are important effectors, as well as regulators, of organ-specific autoimmunity. Compared with Tc1-type CD8(+) cells, Tc2 cells have impaired anti-viral and anti-tumor effector functions, although no data are yet available on their pathogenic role in autoimmunity. Our aim was to explore the role of autoreactive Tc1 and Tc2 cells in autoimmune diabetes. We set up an adoptive transfer model in which the recipients were transgenic mice expressing influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) specifically in their pancreatic ss islet cells (rat insulin promoter-HA mice) and islet-specific Tc1 and Tc2 cells were generated in vitro from HA-specific CD8(+) cells of TCR transgenic mice (CL4-TCR mice). One million Tc1 cells, differentiated in vitro in the presence of IL-12, transferred diabetes in 100% of nonirradiated adult rat insulin promoter-HA recipients; the 50% diabetogenic dose was 5 x 10(5). Highly polarized Tc2 cells generated in the presence of IL-4, IL-10, and anti-IFN-gamma mAb had a relatively low, but definite, diabetogenic potential. Thus, 5 x 10(6) Tc2 cells caused diabetes in 6 of 18 recipients, while the same dose of naive CD8(+) cells did not cause diabetes. Looking for the cause of the different diabetogenic potential of Tc1 and Tc2 cells, we found that Tc2 cells are at least as cytotoxic as Tc1 cells but their accumulation in the pancreas is slower, a possible consequence of differential chemokine receptor expression. The diabetogenicity of autoreactive Tc2 cells, most likely caused by their cytotoxic activity, precludes their therapeutic use as regulators of autoimmunity.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Insulin/genetics
- Islets of Langerhans/immunology
- Islets of Langerhans/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pancreas/immunology
- Pancreas/pathology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/immunology
- Rats
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/transplantation
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vizler
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CJF 9711, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bercovici
- IDM (Immuno-Designed Molecules), Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France.
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27
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Bercovici N, Heurtier A, Vizler C, Pardigon N, Cambouris C, Desreumaux P, Liblau R. Systemic administration of agonist peptide blocks the progression of spontaneous CD8-mediated autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice without bystander damage. J Immunol 2000; 165:202-10. [PMID: 10861053 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.1.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes is an autoimmune disease targeting pancreatic beta-islet cells. Recent data suggest that autoreactive CD8+ T cells are involved in both the early events leading to insulitis and the late destructive phase resulting in diabetes. Although therapeutic injection of protein and synthetic peptides corresponding to CD4+ T cell epitopes has been shown to prevent or block autoimmune disease in several models, down-regulation of an ongoing CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune response using this approach has not yet been reported. Using CL4-TCR single transgenic mice, in which most CD8+ T cells express a TCR specific for the influenza virus hemagglutinin HA512-520 peptide:Kd complex, we first show that i.v. injection of soluble HA512-520 peptide induces transient activation followed by apoptosis of Tc1-like CD8+ T cells. We next tested a similar tolerance induction strategy in (CL4-TCR x Ins-HA)F1 double transgenic mice that also express HA in the beta-islet cells and, as a result, spontaneously develop a juvenile onset and lethal diabetes. Soluble HA512-520 peptide treatment, at a time when pathogenic CD8+ T cells have already infiltrated the pancreas, very significantly prolongs survival of the double transgenic pups. In addition, we found that Ag administration eliminates CD8+ T cell infiltrates from the pancreas without histological evidence of bystander damage. Our data indicate that agonist peptide can down-regulate an autoimmune reaction mediated by CD8+ T cells in vivo and block disease progression. Thus, in addition to autoreactive CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells may constitute targets for Ag-specific therapy in autoimmune diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn/genetics
- Animals, Newborn/growth & development
- Animals, Newborn/immunology
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Autoimmune Diseases/prevention & control
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/administration & dosage
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Injections, Intravenous
- Islets of Langerhans/immunology
- Islets of Langerhans/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/agonists
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bercovici
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale CJF 9711, Paris, France
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28
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Pardigon N, Cambouris C, Bercovici N, Lemaître F, Liblau R, Kourilsky P. Delayed and separate costimulation in vitro supports the evidence of a transient "excited" state of CD8+ T cells during activation. J Immunol 2000; 164:4493-9. [PMID: 10779749 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.9.4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the two-signal model for T cell activation states that a signal-1 through the TCR and a costimulatory signal-2 are required for optimal stimulation, it is now clear that the requirement for costimulation can be bypassed under certain conditions. We previously reported that this is the case for naive CD8+ T cells in vitro. In the present study we tested the effect of signal-2 when delivered after signal-1 has been disrupted. Naive CD8+ T cells from TCR transgenic mice were stimulated in vitro by using immobilized recombinant single-chain MHC molecules alone as signal-1. This signal was then stopped after different lengths of time, and anti-CD28 mAb as signal-2 was given either immediately or after a time lag. We found that signal-2 can potentiate a short signal-1 when added sequentially. Moreover, a time lag between the two signals does not abolish this potentiation. If the strength of signal-1, but not its duration, is increased, then the time lag between the delivery of signals 1 and 2 can be lengthen without loss of potentiation. Together, our results indicate that the two signals do not need to be delivered concomitantly to get optimal T cell activation. We suggest that the CD8+ T cells can reach a transient "excited" state after being stimulated with signal-1 alone, characterized by the cell's ability to respond to separate and delayed signal-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pardigon
- Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U277, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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29
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Vizler C, Bercovici N, Cornet A, Cambouris C, Liblau RS. Role of autoreactive CD8+ T cells in organ-specific autoimmune diseases: insight from transgenic mouse models. Immunol Rev 1999; 169:81-92. [PMID: 10450510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is now convincing evidence that autoreactive CD8+ T cells can contribute to the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In the non-obese diabetic mouse, there is direct evidence that beta-islet cell-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells have a pathogenic effect. In human diseases such as autoimmune diabetes and multiple sclerosis, indirect evidence also suggests a role for CD8+ T cells in tissue damage, although their antigen specificity is unknown. Transgenic mouse models as well as the use of knockout mice have been instrumental in the identification of the role of autoreactive CD8+ T cells. Spontaneous models of CD8+ T-cell-mediated autoimmunity generated through transgenesis should help delineate the effector mechanisms leading to tissue destruction. The study of autoreactive CD8+ T cells and the characterization of their antigenic specificity should help unravel the pathophysiology of organ-specific autoimmune diseases, help identify exacerbating foreign antigens, and allow the design of antigen-specific immunotherapy targeting the pathogenic autoreactive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vizler
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Bercovici N, Delon J, Cambouris C, Escriou N, Debré P, Liblau RS. Chronic intravenous injections of antigen induce and maintain tolerance in T cell receptor-transgenic mice. Eur J Immunol 1999. [PMID: 9933117 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199901)29:01<345::aid-immu345>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific T cell tolerance can be induced by systemic injection of high-dose antigen. In particular, a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of influenza virus hemagglutinin peptide in HNT-TCR transgenic mice induces T cell tolerance through thymocyte apoptosis as well as anergy and deletion of peripheral CD4+ T cells. We now show that this tolerance is reversed after 8 weeks probably due to the short in vivo half-life of the peptide. Since durable tolerance is required for this strategy to be of therapeutic value, we tested whether weekly i.v. injections of peptide (up to 12 weeks) could maintain the CD4+ T cell tolerance. Each injection induces a profound deletion of thymocytes, although their level recovers before the next injection. Therefore, during the treatment period, the thymus undergoes cycles of contraction/expansion. In the periphery, the number of CD4+ T cells is stably decreased and the persisting CD4+ T cells are hyporeactive both in vitro and in vivo. This tolerance is essentially peripheral since comparable results were obtained in thymectomized HNT-TCR mice injected weekly. Our data show that stable antigen-specific tolerance can be induced by repeated i.v. injections of antigen. These findings might have implications for the treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bercovici
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, CNRS UMR 7627, INSERM CJF 96-08, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Abstract
Antigen-specific T cell tolerance can be induced by systemic injection of high-dose antigen. In particular, a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of influenza virus hemagglutinin peptide in HNT-TCR transgenic mice induces T cell tolerance through thymocyte apoptosis as well as anergy and deletion of peripheral CD4+ T cells. We now show that this tolerance is reversed after 8 weeks probably due to the short in vivo half-life of the peptide. Since durable tolerance is required for this strategy to be of therapeutic value, we tested whether weekly i.v. injections of peptide (up to 12 weeks) could maintain the CD4+ T cell tolerance. Each injection induces a profound deletion of thymocytes, although their level recovers before the next injection. Therefore, during the treatment period, the thymus undergoes cycles of contraction/expansion. In the periphery, the number of CD4+ T cells is stably decreased and the persisting CD4+ T cells are hyporeactive both in vitro and in vivo. This tolerance is essentially peripheral since comparable results were obtained in thymectomized HNT-TCR mice injected weekly. Our data show that stable antigen-specific tolerance can be induced by repeated i.v. injections of antigen. These findings might have implications for the treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bercovici
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, CNRS UMR 7627, INSERM CJF 96-08, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Delon J, Bercovici N, Raposo G, Liblau R, Trautmann A. Antigen-dependent and -independent Ca2+ responses triggered in T cells by dendritic cells compared with B cells. J Exp Med 1998; 188:1473-84. [PMID: 9782124 PMCID: PMC2213410 DOI: 10.1084/jem.188.8.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are much more potent antigen (Ag)-presenting cells than resting B cells for the activation of naive T cells. The mechanisms underlying this difference have been analyzed under conditions where ex vivo DCs or B cells presented known numbers of specific Ag-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complexes to naive CD4(+) T cells from T cell antigen receptor (TCR) transgenic mice. Several hundred Ag-MHC complexes presented by B cells were necessary to elicit the formation of a few T-B conjugates with small contact zones, and the resulting individual T cell Ca2+ responses were all-or-none. In contrast, Ag-specific T cell Ca2+ responses can be triggered by DCs bearing an average of 30 Ag-MHC complexes per cell. Formation of T-DC conjugates is Ag-independent, but in the presence of the Ag, the surface of the contact zone increases and so does the amplitude of the T cell Ca2+ responses. These results suggest that Ag is better recognized by T cells on DCs essentially because T-DC adhesion precedes Ag recognition, whereas T-B adhesion requires Ag recognition. Surprisingly, we also recorded small Ca2+ responses in T cells interacting with unpulsed DCs. Using DCs purified from MHC class II knockout mice, we provide evidence that this signal is mostly due to MHC-TCR interactions. Such an Ag-independent, MHC-triggered calcium response could be a survival signal that DCs but not B cells are able to deliver to naive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Delon
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7627, CERVI, 75013 Paris, France
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Abstract
The two-signal model states that activation of naive T cells requires a signal 1 stimulus through the TCR and a co-stimulatory signal 2. By contrast, signal 1 alone is sufficient for pre-activated T cells. Recently, however, it has been shown that under certain conditions T cells can bypass the requirement for co-stimulation. For example, CD28-deficient mice, when immunized with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, mount a vigorous cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and clear the virus. As a continuous effort to unravel the mechanisms of T cell activation, we previously reported activation of hybridoma T cells by recombinant single-chain MHC molecules in the absence of antigen-presenting cells. In such reconstitution experiments, since the signals delivered to the T cells are well controlled, the contribution of any known or unknown signals can be ruled out. In the present study, we analyzed the requirements for activation of naive T cells by using splenocytes from TCR transgenic mice as a source of responding cells. We observed that naive CD8+ T cells are fully activated by signal 1 alone, but that co-stimulation lowers their activation threshold. Previously activated T cells are fully responsive, even when the first stimulation was performed in the absence of co-stimulation. They display a low activation threshold and are insensitive to co-stimulation. The physiological relevance of this finding and its consequences for immunotherapy as well as for our understanding of self-tolerance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pardigon
- Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène, INSERM U277, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Delon J, Bercovici N, Liblau R, Trautmann A. Imaging antigen recognition by naive CD4+ T cells: compulsory cytoskeletal alterations for the triggering of an intracellular calcium response. Eur J Immunol 1998; 28:716-29. [PMID: 9521082 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199802)28:02<716::aid-immu716>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antigen recognition was analyzed at the single-cell level by using for the first time T cells which were not altered by in vitro selection, transfection or immortalization. The first consequence of antigen recognition by ex vivo naive CD4+ T cells from T cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic mice is the formation of a "contact zone" with the B cell presenting the antigen. The T cell intracellular calcium (Ca2+) response begins after a delay of 30 s on average, following the formation of the contact zone. The T cell response is entirely inhibited by either protein tyrosine kinase or actin polymerization inhibitors but, surprisingly, it is insensitive to inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Moreover, inhibition of microtubule polymerization and use of Ca2+-free medium do not prevent the beginning of the T cell response, but do reduce the stability of the contact zone and/or the amplitude of the Ca2+ plateau. The critical involvement of the cytoskeleton in antigen recognition on B cells introduces a checkpoint in T cell activation: the initial TCR engagement triggers a Ca2+ response only after an amplification step corresponding to a cytoskeleton-controlled increase in the number of engaged TCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Delon
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, URA CNRS 625, Paris, France
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Delon J, Bercovici N, Raposo G, Liblau R, Trautmann A. Early events of T cell activation monitored at the single cell level for depined numbers of class II MHC-antigen complexes borne by dendritic cells or by resting B cells. Biol Cell 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-4900(98)80316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bercovici N, Debré P, Liblau R. Tolérance immunitaire spécifique par injection systémique d'antigène. Med Sci (Paris) 1998. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
Systemic injection of antigen is one of the approaches that reproducibly induces effective antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness. Here, Roland Liblau and colleagues discuss the cellular and molecular bases of such tolerance, review the current use of this therapeutic strategy in experimental organ-specific autoimmune diseases and analyse what steps are necessary to make this approach suitable for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Liblau
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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Bousso P, Michel F, Pardigon N, Bercovici N, Liblau R, Kourilsky P, Abastado JP. Enrichment of antigen-specific T lymphocytes by panning on immobilized MHC-peptide complexes. Immunol Lett 1997; 59:85-91. [PMID: 9373216 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)00105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have focused on characterizing and monitoring antigen-specific T cells during the course of an immune response. Mostly indirect methods were used to circumvent the low frequency of T cell precursors and the inherent complexity of T cell receptor (TcR)-MHC-peptide interactions. Here, we took advantage of peptide-specific adhesion induced by immobilized MHC-peptide complexes. We describe a simple technique which allows enrichment in antigen-specific T lymphocytes among a heterogeneous CD8+ T cell population. Enrichment of T cells according to their specificity should facilitate their characterization and provide an attractive tool for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bousso
- Département d'immunologie, INSERM U277, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Bercovici N. CD8+ T cell tolerance in vivo following i.v. injection of soluble peptide or MHC-peptide complexes in TCR transgenic mice. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)87624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bercovici N, Delon J, Debré P, Liblau R. Long-lasting T cell tolerance induced by chronic injections of peptide in TCR transgenic mice. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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