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O'Farrell R, Maguire S, Moore L, Murray K, Gorman A, Ball E, Riddell C, O'Neill M, Jordan N, O'Shea F, Veale D, Donnelly S, Murphy G, Fitzgerald G. Delivering Care for Pregnant Women with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases. Ir Med J 2024; 117:894. [PMID: 38259237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
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Ramakrishnan S, Abbas A, Jordan N. Removal of breast implants as primary treatment for autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. Scand J Rheumatol 2023; 52:219-220. [PMID: 36178439 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2022.2114187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ramakrishnan
- Department of Medicine, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Upton, UK
| | - A Abbas
- Department of Rheumatology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Jordan
- Department of Rheumatology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Kester KM, Hatton J, Kelly J, Carroll M, Lindsay M, Jordan N, Fuchs MA, Patel MR, Engel J, Granger B. Moving nursing innovation to prime time through the use of creative partnerships. Nurs Outlook 2022; 70:820-826. [PMID: 36154773 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nurses are well-positioned to solve many problems in healthcare through engagement in innovation. Support from healthcare organizations to facilitate creative partnerships may accelerate nurses' ability to innovate and improve job satisfaction. The value of creative partnerships is rooted in the diversity of experiences and skillsets of each project team member. While nurses may be content experts and key stakeholders, they often lack experience with project management, information technology, product development, and other important skills. We describe the use of co-creation approaches in creative partnerships with diverse stakeholders to enhance the ability of nurse-led project teams to build valuable and sustainable products or services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joe Kelly
- Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jill Engel
- Duke University Health System, Durham, NC
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Liang F, Jordan N, Shang H, Cantu S, Wang L, Bell A, Valley H, Cheng Y, Coote K, Bihler H, Mense M. 591: A novel high-throughput screening assay for PTC readthrough modulators relies on the native CFTR gene: Profiling of known compounds. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gingerysty NJ, Odame-Ankrah CA, Jordan N, Osthoff HD. Interference from HONO in the measurement of ambient air NO 2 via photolytic conversion and quantification of NO. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 107:184-193. [PMID: 34412781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The reference method to quantify mixing ratios of the criteria air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is NO-O3 chemiluminescence (CL), in which mixing ratios of nitric oxide (NO) are measured by sampling ambient air directly, and mixing ratios of NOx (= sum of NO and NO2) are measured by converting NO2 to NO using, for example, heated molybdenum catalyst or, more selectively, photolytic conversion (P-CL). In this work, the nitrous acid (HONO) interference in the measurement of NO2 by P-CL was investigated. Results with two photolytic NO2 converters are presented. The first used radiation centered at 395 nm, a wavelength region commonly utilized in P-CL. The second used light at 415 nm, where the overlap with the HONO absorption spectrum and hence its photolysis rate are less. Mixing ratios of NO2, NOx and HONO entering and exiting the converters were quantified by Thermal Dissociation Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy (TD-CRDS). Both converters exhibited high NO2 conversion efficiency (CFNO2; > 90%) and partial conversion of HONO. Plots of CF against flow rate were consistent with photolysis frequencies of 4.2 s-1 and 2.9 s-1 for NO2 and 0.25 s-1 and 0.10 s-1 for HONO at 395 nm and 415 nm, respectively. CFHONO was larger than predicted from the overlap of the emission and HONO absorption spectra. The results imply that measurements of NO2 by P-CL marginally but systematically overestimate true NO2 concentrations, and that this interference should be considered in environments with high HONO:NO2 ratios such as the marine boundary layer or in biomass burning plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nick Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hans D Osthoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Jordan N, Gutknecht J, Bybee‐Finley KA, Hunter M, Krupnik TJ, Pittelkow CM, Prasad PVV, Snapp S. To meet grand challenges, agricultural scientists must engage in the politics of constructive collective action. Crop Sci 2021; 61:24-31. [PMID: 33664524 PMCID: PMC7894515 DOI: 10.1002/csc2.20318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture now faces grand challenges, with crucial implications for the global future. These include the need to increase production of nutrient-dense food, to improve agriculture's effects on soil, water, wildlife, and climate, and to enhance equity and justice in food and agricultural systems. We argue that certain politics of constructive collective action-and integral involvement of agricultural scientists in these politics-are essential for meeting grand challenges and other complex problems facing agriculture in the 21st century. To spur reflection and deliberation about the role of politics in the work of agricultural scientists, we outline these politics of constructive collective action. These serve to organize forceful responses to grand challenges through coordinated and cooperative action taken by multiple sectors of society. In essence, these politics entail (1) building bonds of affinity within a heterogenous network, (2) developing a shared roadmap for collective action, and (3) taking sustained action together. These emerging politics differ markedly from more commonly discussed forms of political activity by scientists, e.g., policy advisory, policy advocacy, and protest. We present key premises for our thesis, and then describe and discuss a politics of constructive collective action, the necessary roles of agricultural scientists, and an agenda for exploring and expanding their engagement in these politics.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Jordan
- University of Minnesota1991 Upper Buford CircleSt. PaulMN55108USA
| | - J. Gutknecht
- University of Minnesota1529 Gortner AvenueSt. PaulMN55108USA
| | | | - M. Hunter
- American Farmland Trust1991 Upper Buford CircleSt. PaulMN55108USA
| | - T. J. Krupnik
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)House 10/B. Road 53. Gulshan‐2Dhaka1213Bangladesh
| | - C. M. Pittelkow
- University of California, DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA95616USA
| | - P. V. V. Prasad
- Kansas State University108 Waters Hall, 1603 Old Claflin PlaceManhattanKS66506USA
| | - S. Snapp
- Michigan State UniversityPlant and Soil Sciences Building, 1066 Bogue St., Room 490East LansingMI48824USA
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Jordan N, Garner NM, Matchett LC, Tokarek TW, Osthoff HD, Odame-Ankrah CA, Grimm CE, Pickrell KN, Swainson C, Rosentreter BW. Potential interferences in photolytic nitrogen dioxide converters for ambient air monitoring: Evaluation of a prototype. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2020; 70:753-764. [PMID: 32412399 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2020.1769770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mixing ratios of the criteria air contaminant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are commonly quantified by reduction to nitric oxide (NO) using a photolytic converter followed by NO-O3 chemiluminescence (CL). In this work, the performance of a photolytic NO2 converter prototype originally designed for continuous emission monitoring and emitting light at 395 nm was evaluated. Mixing ratios of NO2 and NOx (= NO + NO2) entering and exiting the converter were monitored by blue diode laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The NO2 photolysis frequency was determined by measuring the rate of conversion to NO as a function of converter residence time and found to be 4.2 s-1. A maximum 96% conversion of NO2 to NO over a large dynamic range was achieved at a residence time of (1.5 ± 0.3) s, independent of relative humidity. Interferences from odd nitrogen (NOy) species such as peroxyacyl nitrates (PAN; RC(O)O2NO2), alkyl nitrates (AN; RONO2), nitrous acid (HONO), and nitric acid (HNO3) were evaluated by operating the prototype converter outside its optimum operating range (i.e., at higher pressure and longer residence time) for easier quantification of interferences. Four mechanisms that generate artifacts and interferences were identified as follows: direct photolysis, foremost of HONO at a rate constant of 6% that of NO2; thermal decomposition, primarily of PAN; surface promoted photochemistry; and secondary chemistry in the connecting tubing. These interferences are likely present to a certain degree in all photolytic converters currently in use but are rarely evaluated or reported. Recommendations for improved performance of photolytic converters include operating at lower cell pressure and higher flow rates, thermal management that ideally results in a match of photolysis cell temperature with ambient conditions, and minimization of connecting tubing length. When properly implemented, these interferences can be made negligibly small when measuring NO2 in ambient air. IMPLICATIONS A new near-UV photolytic converter for measurement of the criteria pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in ambient air by NO-O3 chemiluminescence (CL) was characterized. Four mechanisms that generate interferences were identified and investigated experimentally: direct photolysis of nitrous acid, which occurred at a rate constant 6% that of NO2, thermal decomposition of PAN and N2O5, surface promoted chemistry involving nitric acid, and secondary chemistry involving NO in the tubing connecting the converter and CL analyzer. These interferences are predicted to occur in all NO2 P-CL systems but can be avoided by appropriate thermal management and operating at high flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Natasha M Garner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laura C Matchett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Travis W Tokarek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hans D Osthoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada
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Albirdisi M, D’cruz D, Sangle S, Jordan N. THU0255 AUTOANTIBODY PROFILE AND ETHNICITY: RISK FACTORS FOR ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. African ancestry is associated with an increased risk of Lupus Nephritis (LN). Anti-DNA autoantibodies play a major role in the development of LN and anti-Ro antibodies have also been implicated. McCarty et al suggested that women of African ancestry with the unusual autoantibody combination of anti-Sm, Ro & RNP antibodies (AB) were at increased risk of developing LN (1).Objectives:Our aim was to determine the correlation between autoantibody profile: Sm, Ro and RNP as a combination in the development of LN in patients with African ancestry. We investigated time to the development of LN from SLE onset.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted at Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.75 patients with confirmed LN meeting the ACR classification criteria for SLE and Nephritis, were included: African (n=35), Caucasian (n=22) and Asian (n=17) ancestry. LN patients with the combination of Sm, Ro and RNP antibodies (Group 1) were compared to LN patients without this autoantibody combination (Group 2). Demographic data, pathology results and laboratory findings were collected.Anonymised data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Left censorship bias was reduced by use of a database of confirmed LN in our cohort of patients. Research and Development Office approval was obtained for this study.Results:There were 66 (88%) females and 9 (12%) males. The median age in Group 1 was 39 years (range 18-60), while in group 2 the median age was 45 years (range 24-64).We stratified our population based on their antibody status: Of the 75 (100%) patients, 32 (42.6%) patients had the combination of Sm, Ro & RNP antibodies (Group 1) while the remaining 43 (57.4%) patients did not (Group 2).In Group 1, regardless of ethnicity, 29 (90.6%) patients developed LN within 5 years or less from the onset of SLE symptoms, while the remaining 3 (9.4%) developed LN after 5 years. In contrast, in Group 2, 24 (55.8%) patients developed LN within 5 years or less while 19 (44.2%) developed LN after 5 years. (P value = 0.002)Further stratification was based on ethnicity and antibody (AB) status to investigate the time to develop LN from SLE symptom onset: African ancestry with positive AB, African with negative AB, Asian with positive AB, Caucasian with positive AB and Asian & Caucasian with negative Ab. Analysis showed that of 29 (38.7%) African ethnicity patients with the autoantibody combination, 19 (65.5%), developed LN within 5 years. In comparison, 46 (61.3%) patients, independent of ethnicity and AB status, developed LN after 5 years (P value = 0.01).Conclusion:Patients with the unusual autoantibody combination of Sm, Ro & RNP developed LN significantly earlier than patients who did not have this combination. This autoantibody combination was significantly over represented in the African ancestry patients. Our data suggests that African ancestry patients with this autoantibody combination are at increased risk of developing LN soon after SLE symptom onset and merit close monitoring for the development of renal disease.References:[1]McCarty GA, Harley JB, Reichlin M. A distinctive autoantibody profile in Black female patients with lupus nephritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 1993; 36:1560-1565Table 1.1Ethnicity with Autoantibody status showing the rate of progression into Lupus Nephritis.Duration of LN onsetTotalLess than 5 years after SLE onsetMore than 5 years after SLE onsetEthnicity with AB statusAfrican with positive19322African with negative9413Asian with positive505Caucasian with positive505Other negatives151530Total532275Graph 1.Ethnicity with Autoantibody status showing the rate of progression into Lupus Nephritis (P value= 0.01)Disclosure of Interests:Majed Albirdisi: None declared, David d’cruz Grant/research support from: GlaxoSmithKline, Shirish Sangle: None declared, Natasha Jordan: None declared
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Jordan N, Das S, Maywald A, King G, Rowe L, Vincent R, Koufariotis V, McElhinney J, Zentner D, Burchill L. How do We Extend the Reach of Cardiac Coaching to Those That Need It Most? – Factors Affecting Recruitment into the HARP Cardiac Coaching Programme at RMH. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jordan
- Rheumatology Department, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK and The London Lupus Centre, London Bridge Hospital, London, UK
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Jordan N, Demnitz M, Lösch H, Starke S, Brendler V, Huittinen N. Complexation of Trivalent Lanthanides (Eu) and Actinides (Cm) with Aqueous Phosphates at Elevated Temperatures. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7015-7024. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Jordan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M. Demnitz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - H. Lösch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Starke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Computational Science Group (FWCC), Department of Information Services and Computing (FWC), Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - V. Brendler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - N. Huittinen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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Casian A, Sangle (joint first author) S, ManouStathopoulou S, Jordan N, D'Cruz D. THU0283 Anticoagulation and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Renal Artery Stenosis and Antiphospholipid Syndrome:. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kretzschmar J, Jordan N, Brendler E, Tsushima S, Franzen C, Foerstendorf H, Stockmann M, Heim K, Brendler V. Spectroscopic evidence for selenium(IV) dimerization in aqueous solution. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:10508-15. [PMID: 25986391 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00730e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous speciation of selenium(iv) was elucidated by a combined approach applying quantum chemical calculations, infrared (IR), Raman, and (77)Se NMR spectroscopy. The dimerization of hydrogen selenite (HSeO3(-)) was confirmed at concentrations above 10 mmol L(-1) by both IR and NMR spectroscopy. Quantum chemical calculations provided the assignment of vibrational bands observed to specific molecular modes of the (HSeO3)2(2-) ion. The results presented will provide a better understanding of the chemistry of aqueous Se(iv) which is of particular interest for processes occurring at mineral/water interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kretzschmar
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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Cohen I, Putterman C, Jordan N, Jakobi K, Sorek R, Blumenstein Y, Batty S. SAT0590 SLE-Keytm Rule-Out Serlogic Test for SLE Using the Immunarray ICHIP™. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Labitigan M, Shrestha A, Jordan N, Reed G, Magner R, Bahce-Altuntas A, Broder A. OP0302 Moderate to High Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis is Associated with Elevated Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cornell P, Trehane A, Thompson P, Rahmeh F, Greenwood M, Baqai TJ, Cambridge S, Shaikh M, Rooney M, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Ryan S, Kamath S, Hassell A, McCuish WJ, Bearne L, Mackenzie-Green B, Price E, Williamson L, Collins D, Tang E, Hayes J, McLoughlin YM, Chamberlain V, Campbell S, Shah P, McKenna F, Cornell P, Westlake S, Thompson P, Richards S, Homer D, Gould E, Empson B, Kemp P, Richards AG, Walker J, Taylor S, Bari SF, Alachkar M, Rajak R, Lawson T, O'Sullivan M, Samant S, Butt S, Gadsby K, Flurey CA, Morris M, Hughes R, Pollock J, Richards P, Hewlett S, Edwards KR, Rowe I, Sanders T, Dunn K, Konstantinou K, Hay E, Jones LE, Adams J, White P, Donovan-Hall M, Hislop K, Barbosa Boucas S, Nichols VP, Williamson EM, Toye F, Lamb SE, Rodham K, Gavin J, Watts L, Coulson N, Diver C, Avis M, Gupta A, Ryan SJ, Stangroom S, Pearce JM, Byrne J, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Taylor J, Morris M, Dures E, Hewlett S, Wilson A, Adams J, Larkin L, Kennedy N, Gallagher S, Fraser AD, Shrestha P, Batley M, Koduri G, Scott DL, Flurey CA, Morris M, Hughes R, Pollock J, Richards P, Hewlett S, Kumar K, Raza K, Nightingale P, Horne R, Chapman S, Greenfield S, Gill P, Ferguson AM, Ibrahim F, Scott DL, Lempp H, Tierney M, Fraser A, Kennedy N, Barbosa Boucas S, Hislop K, Dziedzic K, Arden N, Burridge J, Hammond A, Stokes M, Lewis M, Gooberman-Hill R, Coales K, Adams J, Nutland H, Dean A, Laxminarayan R, Gates L, Bowen C, Arden N, Hermsen L, Terwee CB, Leone SS, vd Zwaard B, Smalbrugge M, Dekker J, vd Horst H, Wilkie R, Ferguson AM, Nicky Thomas V, Lempp H, Cope A, Scott DL, Simpson C, Weinman J, Agarwal S, Kirkham B, Patel A, Ibrahim F, Barn R, Brandon M, Rafferty D, Sturrock R, Turner D, Woodburn J, Rafferty D, Paul L, Marshall R, Gill J, McInnes I, Roderick Porter D, Woodburn J, Hennessy K, Woodburn J, Steultjens M, Siddle HJ, Hodgson RJ, Hensor EM, Grainger AJ, Redmond A, Wakefield RJ, Helliwell PS, Hammond A, Rayner J, Law RJ, Breslin A, Kraus A, Maddison P, Thom JM, Newcombe LW, Woodburn J, Porter D, Saunders S, McCarey D, Gupta M, Turner D, McGavin L, Freeburn R, Crilly A, Lockhart JC, Ferrell WR, Goodyear C, Ledingham J, Waterman T, Berkin L, Nicolaou M, Watson P, Lillicrap M, Birrell F, Mooney J, Merkel PA, Poland F, Spalding N, Grayson P, Leduc R, Shereff D, Richesson R, Watts RA, Roussou E, Thapper M, Bateman J, Allen M, Kidd J, Parsons N, Davies D, Watt KA, Scally MD, Bosworth A, Wilkinson K, Collins S, Jacklin CB, Ball SK, Grosart R, Marks J, Litwic AE, Sriranganathan MK, Mukherjee S, Khurshid MA, Matthews SM, Hall A, Sheeran T, Baskar S, Muether M, Mackenzie-Green B, Hetherington A, Wickrematilake G, Williamson L, Daniels LE, Gwynne CE, Khan A, Lawson T, Clunie G, Stephenson S, Gaffney K, Belsey J, Harvey NC, Clarke-Harris R, Murray R, Costello P, Garrett E, Holbrook J, Teh AL, Wong J, Dogra S, Barton S, Davies L, Inskip H, Hanson M, Gluckman P, Cooper C, Godfrey K, Lillycrop K, Anderton T, Clarke S, Rao Chaganti S, Viner N, Seymour R, Edwards MH, Parsons C, Ward K, Thompson J, Prentice A, Dennison E, Cooper C, Clark E, Cumming M, Morrison L, Gould VC, Tobias J, Holroyd CR, Winder N, Osmond C, Fall C, Barker D, Ring S, Lawlor D, Tobias J, Davey Smith G, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Toms TE, Afreedi S, Salt K, Roskell S, Passey K, Price T, Venkatachalam S, Sheeran T, Davies R, Southwood TR, Kearsley-Fleet L, Hyrich KL, Kingsbury D, Quartier P, Patel G, Arora V, Kupper H, Mozaffarian N, Kearsley-Fleet L, Baildam E, Beresford MW, Davies R, Foster HE, Mowbray K, Southwood TR, Thomson W, Hyrich KL, Saunders E, Baildam E, Chieng A, Davidson J, Foster H, Gardner-Medwin J, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, McErlane F, Beresford M, Baildam E, Chieng SE, Davidson J, Foster HE, Gardner-Medwin J, Lunt M, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, Rooney M, Finnegan S, Gibson DS, Borg FA, Bale PJ, Armon K, Cavelle A, Foster HE, McDonagh J, Bale PJ, Armon K, Wu Q, Pesenacker AM, Stansfield A, King D, Barge D, Abinun M, Foster HE, Wedderburn L, Stanley K, Morrissey D, Parsons S, Kuttikat A, Shenker N, Garrood T, Medley S, Ferguson AM, Keeling D, Duffort P, Irving K, Goulston L, Culliford D, Coakley P, Taylor P, Hart D, Spector T, Hakim A, Arden N, Mian A, Garrood T, Magan T, Chaudhary M, Lazic S, Sofat N, Thomas MJ, Moore A, Roddy E, Peat G, Rees F, Lanyon P, Jordan N, Chaib A, Sangle S, Tungekar F, Sabharwal T, Abbs I, Khamashta M, D'Cruz D, Dzifa Dey I, Isenberg DA, Chin CW, Cheung C, Ng M, Gao F, Qiong Huang F, Thao Le T, Yong Fong K, San Tan R, Yin Wong T, Julian T, Parker B, Al-Husain A, Yvonne Alexander M, Bruce I, Jordan N, Abbs I, D'cruz D, McDonald G, Miguel L, Hall C, Isenberg DA, Magee A, Butters T, Jury E, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Lazarus MN, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein M, Carter LM, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR, Chanchlani N, Gayed M, Yee CS, Gordon C, Ball E, Rooney M, Bell A, Reynolds JA, Ray DW, O'Neill T, Alexander Y, Bruce I, Sutton EJ, Watson KD, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Gordon C, Yee CS, Lanyon P, Jayne D, Akil M, D'Cruz D, Khamashta M, Lutalo P, Erb N, Prabu A, Edwards CJ, Youssef H, McHugh N, Vital E, Amft N, Griffiths B, Teh LS, Zoma A, Bruce I, Durrani M, Jordan N, Sangle S, D'Cruz D, Pericleous C, Ruiz-Limon P, Romay-Penabad Z, Carrera-Marin A, Garza-Garcia A, Murfitt L, Driscoll PC, Giles IP, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Pierangeli SS, Ripoll VM, Lambrianides A, Heywood WE, Ioannou J, Giles IP, Rahman A, Stevens C, Dures E, Morris M, Knowles S, Hewlett S, Marshall R, Reddy V, Croca S, Gerona D, De La Torre Ortega I, Isenberg DA, Leandro M, Cambridge G, Reddy V, Cambridge G, Isenberg DA, Glennie M, Cragg M, Leandro M, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Artim Esen B, Pericleous C, MacKie I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Skeoch S, Haque S, Pemberton P, Bruce I. BHPR: Audit and Clinical Evaluation * 103. Dental Health in Children and Young Adults with Inflammatory Arthritis: Access to Dental Care. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Elamin M, Bede P, Byrne S, Jordan N, Gallagher L, Wynne B, O'Brien C, Phukan J, Lynch C, Pender N, Hardiman O. Cognitive changes predict functional decline in ALS: A population-based longitudinal study. Neurology 2013; 80:1590-7. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31828f18ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Elamin M, Bede P, Byrne S, Jordan N, Gallagher L, Lynch C, O'Brien C, Wynne B, Pender N, Hardiman O. Are Cognitive Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Markers for Distinct Disease Subtypes? A Population-Based Longitudinal Study (S25.007). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s25.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Jordan N, Clemmons N, Gaydos J, Fishman J, Jacobsmuhlen T, Lee HC, Meyers M, Klein T. P1-S6.21 Chlamydia trachomatis screening initiative among female US army soldiers deployed to Korea. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Elamin M, Phukan J, Bede P, Jordan N, Byrne S, Pender N, Hardiman O. Executive dysfunction is a negative prognostic indicator in patients with ALS without dementia. Neurology 2011; 76:1263-9. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318214359f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Shevchuk S, Segeda I, Shevchuk S, Segeda I, Kuvikova I, Shevchuk O, Segeda S, Shevchuk S, Kurylenko I, Lutalo PM, D'Cruz DP, Zakalka M, Trivellas T, Sangle SR, Bertolaccini ML, D' Cruz DP, Sangle SR, Davies RJ, Lin Loh Y, Sanchez E, D'Cruz DP, Renau Escrig AI, Isenberg D, Jordan N, Sangle SR, Karim Y, Abbs I, D'Cruz D, Rajasekhar LS, Habibi S, Durga P, Kanchinadham S, Agrawal S, Gumdal N, Al-Husain AZ, Charlton-Menys V, Haque S, Rakieh C, Shelmerdine J, Durrington P, Bruce IN, Parker B, Zaki A, Haque S, Alexander Y, Bruce IN, Gayed M, Toescu V, Leone F, Khamashta M, Gordon C. SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome: 168. Dyslipidaemia, Hyperhomocysteinaemia and Antiphospholipid Antibodies as Risk Factors of Thrombotic Complications in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Phukan J, Hardiman O, Jordan N, Gallagher L, Pender NP. PATU4 A population-based longitudinal study of cognitive and behavioural impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hiscox S, Jordan N, Crandon-Lewis A, Jiang W, Nicholson RI, Gee J. Overexpression of L1CAM accompanies acquired endocrine resistance and is associated with the development of an aggressive cell phenotype. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #3028
Background: Acquired resistance to endocrine therapies is associated with a gain in aggressive features in vitro which may impact on tumour spread in vivo. To identify potential candidate molecules which may promote this adverse cell behaviour, we performed microarray analysis on MCF-7 cell models of fulvestrant resistance ('FasR' cells) applying a commercial algorithm for signalling network discovery. We have subsequently investigated the significance of overexpression of L1CAM, a cell-surface adhesion molecule implicated in a MAPK signalling network and recently associated with tumour metastasis, in FasR cells and in clinical tissue.
 Materials and Methods: A network analysis algorithm was applied to t-test significant Affymetrix gene lists derived from FasR vs. MCF-7 cells (Almac Diagnostics). Subsequent to revealing a prominent L1CAM network, L1CAM gene and protein expression were assessed using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Inhibition of L1CAM was achieved using siRNA transfection. Cell invasion and migration were measured by seeding onto Matrigel- or fibronectin-coated microporous membranes respectively. After 48 hours, invasive/migratory cells were fixed, stained and counted. Analysis of cell signalling molecules was determined using Western blotting with phospho-specific antibodies. Clinical significance of L1CAM expression was determined by analysis of L1CAM expression in tumour (n=101) vs. normal (n=23) breast tissue using Q-PCR.
 Results: Development of fulvestrant resistance in MCF7 cells was associated with ER loss and a gain in migratory and invasive capacity in vitro. L1CAM was overexpressed at both gene (p<0.05) and protein (p<0.01) level in FasR cells whereas little or no L1CAM was detectable in MCF7 cells confirming microarray findings. Network and ontological analysis predicted L1CAM lies upstream of an ERK2 network (26 genes; p<0.0001) impinging on transcription factors/regulators which may promote aggressive cell behaviour. In agreement, siRNA-mediated inhibition of L1CAM suppressed the activity of nuclear MAP kinase and reduced the intrinsic migratory and invasive nature of FasR cells in vitro. Preliminary analysis indicated L1CAM expression was inversely associated with ER status (p<0.01) and reduced overall survival (p=0.01).
 Conclusions: These data suggest that L1CAM overexpression associates with emergence of ER-negative fulvestrant resistance in breast cancer, where it may confer a highly motile and invasive phenotype. Additionally, our clinical studies suggest L1CAM may also contribute to inherently aggressive, ER-negative breast cancers. L1CAM signalling may thus provide a new therapeutic target to subvert such aggressive states in vivo.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3028.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hiscox
- 1 Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - N Jordan
- 3 Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - A Crandon-Lewis
- 1 Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - W Jiang
- 4 Surgery, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - RI Nicholson
- 3 Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - J Gee
- 3 Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- 2 Astrazeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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Epstein R, Jordan N, Lyons J. Presentation 3: Racial Differences in Child Psychiatric Hospitalization Referral: The Role of Community Factors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Taylor KM, Jordan N, Hiscox S, Gee JM, Nicholson RI. Zinc transporter HKE4 as a new target in antihormone resistance of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3300745 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hiscox S, Goddard L, Jordan N, Smith C, Harper M, Nicholson RI, Gee J. Overexpression of CD44 in acquired tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells augments their migratory response to heregulin beta 1. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3300737 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Jordan N, Boody G, Broussard W, Glover JD, Keeney D, McCown BH, McIsaac G, Muller M, Murray H, Neal J, Pansing C, Turner RE, Warner K, Wyse D. Environment. Sustainable development of the agricultural bio-economy. Science 2007; 316:1570-1. [PMID: 17569847 DOI: 10.1126/science.1141700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A U.S. farm policy shift to joint production of commodities and ecological services will advance sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jordan
- Agronomy and Plant Genetics Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55018, USA.
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Hiscox S, Green TP, Smith C, Jordan N, James M, Nicholson R. Effectiveness of the dual specific Src/Abl kinase inhibitor AZD0530 in combination with tamoxifen in preventing acquired anti-estrogen resistance in breast cancer cells. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14054 Background: AZD0530 is a novel, orally potent, once-daily, highly selective and dual-specific Src/Abl kinase inhibitor with potential for activity in a wide range of tumors. In the context of breast cancer, where tamoxifen resistance presents a major problem, Src inhibition may be a particularly valuable therapeutic strategy since we have previously observed that elevated Src kinase activity accompanies anti-estrogen resistance in vitro, promoting an aggressive cell phenotype. Here, we have explored the potential therapeutic effects of Src inhibition with AZD0530, alone and in combination with tamoxifen, on the acquisition of endocrine resistance in breast cancer cells. Methods: MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cells were exposed to tamoxifen (10–7 M), AZD0530 (1 μM), or both agents in combination for a minimum of 10 months with passaging as necessary, or until total cell death occurred. Cells were assayed at monthly intervals for intracellular signaling pathway activity (Western Blotting) and in vitro invasive capacity (Matrigel invasion assays). Apoptosis and proliferation were assessed by ELISA and Ki67 staining, respectively. Changes in c-Myc and cyclin-D1 were measured with RT-PCR. Results: Treatment of cells with tamoxifen alone ultimately resulted in acquired resistance, elevated Src kinase activity, and a Src- dependent increase in invasive capacity. Chronic exposure to AZD0530 alone resulted in outgrowth of AZD0530 resistant cells, in which Src kinase activity remained suppressed as did their in vitro invasiveness. Treatment of MCF7 and T47D cells with AZD0530 and tamoxifen combined resulted in a reduction of Src, FAK, and Akt activity, inhibition of c-Myc gene expression, and complete abrogation of their in vitro invasive behavior. Furthermore, combination treatment completely prevented cell proliferation and the subsequent emergence of a resistant phenotype, with a total loss of cells by 12 weeks. Conclusions: Inhibition of Src kinase with AZD0530, when used in conjunction with anti-estrogen therapies, effectively prevents acquired resistance in breast cancer cells in vitro suggesting a potential novel therapeutic benefit of Src kinase inhibitors clinically. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hiscox
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - T. P. Green
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - C. Smith
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - N. Jordan
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - M. James
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - R. Nicholson
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Cardiff, United Kingdom; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE We determined whether the nature of any protective barrier in the bladder is composed of a secreted mucous gel layer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected 24-hour urine samples for analysis from 8 healthy 22 to 49-year-old volunteers and 5, 19 to 59-year-old patients treated with bladder reconstruction, in addition to scrapings from 100 freshly slaughtered pig bladders. Samples were subjected to homogenization, dialysis, freeze-drying, papain digestion, gel chromatography, equilibrium density gradient centrifugation, periodic acid-Schiff assay and amino acid analysis. Normal human bladder, pig bladder, normal ileum and transposed intestinal segments were studied for the presence of a mucous layer using a new method of histological analysis. RESULTS Mucin content in normal urine is 2.7 mg/24 hours, meaning that less than 0.6% of nondialyzable material in normal urine is mucin. The mucin content of urine from reconstructed bladders amounted to 86 mg/24 hours (5.2% of nondialyzable material). We observed that glycosaminoglycans accounted for 41% of the peak total elution volume of PAS positive material in normal urine. Mucin estimation in urine can be grossly overestimated if contaminating glycoconjugates are not removed. Biochemical analysis of material scraped off the pig bladder surface demonstrated that the maximum thickness of a continuous layer that could be achieved was 13.6 mum. While we could visualize an obvious mucous layer on control ileal samples and biopsies of transposed ileal segments from patients with bladder reconstruction, we were unable to note a distinct, measurable mucous layer lining the bladder surface in humans or pigs. CONCLUSIONS Mucin levels in normal human and pig urine would be enough for slow turnover of a thin barrier but the large increase in mucin in the urine of patients with transposed intestinal segments demonstrates that any layer in normal bladder is much different than that lining the transposed intestinal segment. The most likely constituents of this barrier are membrane bound rather than secreted mucins along with the proteoglycan components of the glycocalix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
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Vollmar C, Jordan N, Winkler PA, Pfluger T, Noachtar S. Preoperative Visualization of Cortical Veins by 3D Reconstruction of Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI): Correlation with Intraoperative Findings. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gee JMW, Harper ME, Hutcheson IR, Madden TA, Barrow D, Knowlden JM, McClelland RA, Jordan N, Wakeling AE, Nicholson RI. The antiepidermal growth factor receptor agent gefitinib (ZD1839/Iressa) improves antihormone response and prevents development of resistance in breast cancer in vitro. Endocrinology 2003; 144:5105-17. [PMID: 12960029 DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although many estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers initially respond to antihormones, responses are commonly incomplete with resistance ultimately emerging. Delineation of signaling mechanisms underlying these phenomena would allow development of therapies to improve antihormone response and compromise resistance. This in vitro investigation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells examines whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling limits antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of antihormones and ultimately supports development of resistance. It addresses whether the anti-EGFR agent gefitinib (ZD1839/Iressa; TKI: 1 mum) combined with the antihormones 4-hydroxytamoxifen (TAM: 0.1 mum) or fulvestrant (Faslodex; 0.1 mum) enhances growth inhibition and prevents resistance. TAM significantly suppressed MCF-7 growth over wk 2-5, reducing proliferation detected by immunocytochemistry and fluorescence-activated cell sorter cell cycle analysis. A modest apoptotic increase was observed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter and fluorescence microscopy, with incomplete bcl-2 suppression. EGFR induction occurred during TAM response, as measured by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, with EGFR-positive, highly proliferative resistant growth subsequently emerging. Although TKI alone was ineffective on growth, TAM plus TKI cotreatment exhibited superior antigrowth activity vs. TAM, with no viable cells by wk 12. Cotreatment was more effective in inhibiting proliferation, promoting apoptosis, and eliminating bcl-2. Cotreatment blocked EGFR induction, markedly depleted ERK1/2 MAPK and protein kinase B phosphorylation, and prevented emergence of EGFR-positive resistance. Faslodex plus TKI cotreatment was also a superior antitumor strategy. Thus, increased EGFR evolves during treatment with antihormones, limiting their efficacy and promoting resistance. Gefitinib addition to antihormonal therapy could prove more effective in treating estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and may combat development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M W Gee
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3XF, Wales, United Kingdom.
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Starkey KJ, Janezic A, Jones G, Jordan N, Baker G, Ludgate M. Adipose thyrotrophin receptor expression is elevated in Graves' and thyroid eye diseases ex vivo and indicates adipogenesis in progress in vivo. J Mol Endocrinol 2003; 30:369-80. [PMID: 12790806 DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The thyrotrophin receptor (TSHR) provides an autoantigenic link between the thyroid and orbit in Graves' (GD) and thyroid eye diseases (TED). We measured TSHR transcripts in different fat depots to determine whether TSHR expression levels are influenced by the autoimmune/inflammatory process and/or thyroid hormone status, using quantitative real-time PCR. Nine intact or fractionated adipose samples, from patients with GD and/or TED, were analysed ex vivo. Eight expressed the TSHR, at levels approaching the thyroid, and one was at the limit of detection. Thirteen/fifteen orbital and abdominal fat samples from patients free of GD and TED, measured ex vivo, were negative for TSHR transcripts and two were at the limit of detection. All preadipocyte samples induced to differentiate in vitro expressed the TSHR. To investigate the influence of thyroid hormone status on adipose TSHR expression, we induced hyper- and hypothyroidism in BALBc mice by administering tri-iodothyronine and propylthiouracil respectively. In euthyroid animals, whole fat samples were at the limit of detection and were not altered by thyroid hormone status. The results show that adipose TSHR expression ex vivo indicates adipogenesis in progress in vivo and is associated with the autoimmune/inflammatory process in GD and TED but is not restricted to the orbit or influenced by thyroid hormone status.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Starkey
- Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
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Jordan N, Williams N, Gregory JW, Evans C, Owen M, Ludgate M. The W546X mutation of the thyrotropin receptor gene: potential major contributor to thyroid dysfunction in a Caucasian population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:1002-5. [PMID: 12629076 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2002-021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) occurs in approximately 1 in 3000 births and can be caused by mutations in 9 known genes, including that encoding the TSH receptor (TSHR). We report on two Welsh siblings, detected by neonatal screening, who had normal sized and placed glands but negative isotope uptake. Genomic DNA was obtained from both siblings and parents, the TSHR amplified using pairs of intronic and/or overlapping exonic primers and the PCR products sequenced automatically. Both siblings were homozygous for a previously described G to A transition producing a missense mutation, W546X, in the fourth membrane spanning region of the TSHR, rendering it unresponsive to TSH. Both parents were heterozygous and unrelated; furthermore, the W546X has been described in three further families (one of which is Welsh), suggesting that it may be a relatively common mutation. We genotyped 368 euthyroid Welsh individuals using single nucleotide primer extension, and found 366 homozygous wild-type (G:G) and 2 heterozygous (G:A) for the mutation. In conclusion, CH in the siblings is due to the missense mutation, W546X, in their TSHR gene. The W546X allele was detected in approximately 1 in 180 individuals and may be a major contributor to hypothyroidism in the Welsh population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jordan
- Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF4 4XN, United Kingdom
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between postmodern values, demographic variables and people's attitudes towards and use of acupuncture, aromatherapy and naturopathy. DESIGN One hundred and seventy-one adults completed a survey measuring postmodern values about health, attitudes towards and use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), age, gender, education, and current and recent health. SETTING Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Attitudes to CAM and use of CAM. RESULTS Postmodern values significantly predicted attitudes to CAM and actual use of CAM. Age also significantly predicted attitudes to CAM. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of patients' belief in natural remedies and in their active involvement in the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V O'Callaghan
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University-Gold Coast, PMB50 Gold Coast Mail Centre, Gold Coast, Queensland 9726, Australia.
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Sherwood PV, Wibawa JID, Atherton JC, Jordan N, Jenkins D, Barrett DA, Shaw PN, Spiller RC. Impact of acid secretion, gastritis, and mucus thickness on gastric transfer of antibiotics in rats. Gut 2002; 51:490-5. [PMID: 12235069 PMCID: PMC1773392 DOI: 10.1136/gut.51.4.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The success of Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens depends on gastric pH, inflammation, and mucus thickness. Our aim was to investigate the effects of acid secretion, inflammation, and mucolysis on gastric antibiotic transfer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 134 anaesthetised rats were given metronidazole, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin intravenously and gastric contents were aspirated via an indwelling cannula. Acid secretion was controlled by either omeprazole or pentagastrin while gastritis was induced by infection with H pylori or dosing with iodoacetamide. Mucolysis was achieved by instilling pronase into the gastric lumen. RESULTS Metronidazole transfer increased with acid secretion and fell with omeprazole, independently of gastric pH. Clarithromycin was also transferred with acid but was then rapidly degraded. Omeprazole prevented this degradation, raising gastric luminal concentrations. Omeprazole did not alter amoxicillin transfer. Gastritis induced by H pylori did not alter gastric transfer of metronidazole and amoxicillin but that of clarithromycin was increased by 23%. However, gastritis induced by iodoacetamide reduced clarithromycin transfer without any effect on metronidazole or amoxicillin transfer. Pronase treatment increased amoxicillin transfer fourfold and metronidazole by 66% but reduced clarithromycin transfer by 35%. CONCLUSIONS Metronidazole and clarithromycin are predominantly transferred with gastric acid rather than by an acid trapping mechanism. Pronase increases the appearance of amoxicillin and metronidazole in gastric secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Sherwood
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Nottingham, UK
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Michels-Rautenstrauss KG, Mardin CY, Zenker M, Jordan N, Gusek-Schneider GC, Rautenstrauss BW. Primary congenital glaucoma: three case reports on novel mutations and combinations of mutations in the GLC3A (CYP1B1) gene. J Glaucoma 2001; 10:354-7. [PMID: 11558822 DOI: 10.1097/00061198-200108000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe three patients with congenital glaucoma homozygous and compound heterozygous for different mutations and benign sequence variants in the cytochrome P 450 1B1 (CYP1B1) gene. METHODS All patients were examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, measurement of the cornea and optic disc, ultrasound biometry, and automated static threshold perimetry when possible. Direct sequence analysis was performed on DNA extracted from peripheral blood from the patients and their parents. RESULTS For patient 1, a newborn boy with buphthalmos and an opaque cornea, a novel homozygous C/T transition in codon 355 (CGA>TGA) led to a predicted nonsense codon Arg355X truncating the protein by 188 amino acids. For patient 2, a 24-year-old man, a compound heterozygous mutation 1410-1422del/1546-1555dup was found. For patient 3, a 34-year-old man, two novel heterozygous missense mutations resulting in an Ala443Gly and a Glu229Lys amino acid exchange and five benign sequence variants were found. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the crucial role of CYP1B1 mutations for congenital glaucoma.
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Salanoubat M, Lemcke K, Rieger M, Ansorge W, Unseld M, Fartmann B, Valle G, Blöcker H, Perez-Alonso M, Obermaier B, Delseny M, Boutry M, Grivell LA, Mache R, Puigdomènech P, De Simone V, Choisne N, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Brottier P, Wincker P, Cattolico L, Weissenbach J, Saurin W, Quétier F, Schäfer M, Müller-Auer S, Gabel C, Fuchs M, Benes V, Wurmbach E, Drzonek H, Erfle H, Jordan N, Bangert S, Wiedelmann R, Kranz H, Voss H, Holland R, Brandt P, Nyakatura G, Vezzi A, D'Angelo M, Pallavicini A, Toppo S, Simionati B, Conrad A, Hornischer K, Kauer G, Löhnert TH, Nordsiek G, Reichelt J, Scharfe M, Schön O, Bargues M, Terol J, Climent J, Navarro P, Collado C, Perez-Perez A, Ottenwälder B, Duchemin D, Cooke R, Laudie M, Berger-Llauro C, Purnelle B, Masuy D, de Haan M, Maarse AC, Alcaraz JP, Cottet A, Casacuberta E, Monfort A, Argiriou A, flores M, Liguori R, Vitale D, Mannhaupt G, Haase D, Schoof H, Rudd S, Zaccaria P, Mewes HW, Mayer KF, Kaul S, Town CD, Koo HL, Tallon LJ, Jenkins J, Rooney T, Rizzo M, Walts A, Utterback T, Fujii CY, Shea TP, Creasy TH, Haas B, Maiti R, Wu D, Peterson J, Van Aken S, Pai G, Militscher J, Sellers P, Gill JE, Feldblyum TV, Preuss D, Lin X, Nierman WC, Salzberg SL, White O, Venter JC, Fraser CM, Kaneko T, Nakamura Y, Sato S, Kato T, Asamizu E, Sasamoto S, Kimura T, Idesawa K, Kawashima K, Kishida Y, Kiyokawa C, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakayama S, Nakazaki N, Shinpo S, Takeuchi C, Wada T, Watanabe A, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Tabata S. Sequence and analysis of chromosome 3 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature 2000; 408:820-2. [PMID: 11130713 DOI: 10.1038/35048706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model system for plant biologists. In 1996 an international collaboration (the Arabidopsis Genome Initiative) was formed to sequence the whole genome of Arabidopsis and in 1999 the sequence of the first two chromosomes was reported. The sequence of the last three chromosomes and an analysis of the whole genome are reported in this issue. Here we present the sequence of chromosome 3, organized into four sequence segments (contigs). The two largest (13.5 and 9.2 Mb) correspond to the top (long) and the bottom (short) arms of chromosome 3, and the two small contigs are located in the genetically defined centromere. This chromosome encodes 5,220 of the roughly 25,500 predicted protein-coding genes in the genome. About 20% of the predicted proteins have significant homology to proteins in eukaryotic genomes for which the complete sequence is available, pointing to important conserved cellular functions among eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salanoubat
- Genoscope and CNRS FRE2231, Evry, France. salanou@genoscope. cns.fr
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Newton JL, Jordan N, Pearson J, Williams GV, Allen A, James OF. The adherent gastric antral and duodenal mucus gel layer thins with advancing age in subjects infected with Helicobacter pylori. Gerontology 2000; 46:153-7. [PMID: 10754373 DOI: 10.1159/000022151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptic ulceration and Helicobacter pylori infection increase with advancing age. In the upper gastro-intestinal tract the first line of mucosal defence is the adherent mucus gel layer. OBJECTIVE We have examined, using a novel histological fixation technique, the thickness of the adherent mucus gel layer (1) in the gastric antrum and (2) in the duodenum in relation to advancing age and H. pylori status. METHODS The subjects had macroscopically normal stomach and duodenum at endoscopy. Measurement of the gastric antral mucus thickness was carried out on four antral biopsy specimens from within 2 cm of the pylorus (H. pylori positive n = 25, negative n = 21). The duodenal mucus thickness (D1) was measured from two biopsy specimens (H. pylori positive n = 7, negative n = 13). All specimens were snap frozen and cryostat sections stained using a modified PAS/AB stain. RESULTS In all sections the mucus layer was continuous. In both duodenum and gastric antrum, the mucus thickness was not significantly different between H. pylori positive and H. pylori negative age-matched samples. In duodenum and gastric antrum from H. pylori negative subjects, there was no correlation between mucus thickness and age. However, in H. pylori positive subjects, there was a significant thinning of the adherent gastric antral mucus gel layer (p = 0.005, r = -0.54) and the duodenal mucus thickness (p<0.001, r = -0.99) with advancing age. CONCLUSION This study shows a significant thinning of the adherent mucus gel layer in H. pylori positive individuals, as stomach and duodenum age. In those without H. pylori, the mucus gel thickness is preserved in stomach and duodenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Newton
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The flavonoid components of tea have been associated in epidemiological studies with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Flavonoids have been shown to have antioxidant and vasodilator effects in vitro; we therefore postulated that drinking green or black tea attenuates the well-characterized acute pressor response to caffeine and lowers blood pressure during regular consumption. OBJECTIVE To determine whether green and black tea can attenuate the transient pressor effect of caffeine, or lower blood pressure during regular consumption. METHODS In the first study, the acute effects of four hot drinks - green tea and black tea (at a dose equivalent to four standard cups), water matched to the teas for caffeine content ('caffeine') and water - were assessed in 20 normotensive men using a Latin-Square designed study. Clinic blood pressure was measured before and 30 and 60 min after each drink had been ingested. In the second study, the effects on blood pressure of regular green and black tea ingestion were examined in 13 subjects with high-normal systolic blood pressure and mild systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure in the range 130-150 mmHg) using a three-period crossover study. Five cups per day of green tea, black tea and caffeine (in hot water and matched to the teas) were consumed for 7 days each, in random order. Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure was measured at the end of each seven-day intervention. Results are presented as means and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS An acute pressor response to caffeine was observed. Relative to caffeine, there were further acute increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 30 min among those drinking green tea [5.5 mmHg (95%CI -1.4 to 12.4) and 3.1 mmHg (95%CI -0.1 to 6.3), respectively] and black tea [10.7 mmHg (95%CI 4.0 to 17.4) and 5.1 mmHg (95%CI 1.8 to 8.4), respectively]. The changes in blood pressure at 60 min were not significant The effect on 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure of regular drinking of green tea [increases of 1.7 mmHg (95%CI -1.6 to 5.0) and 0.9 mmHg (95%CI -1.3 to 3.1), respectively] or black tea [increase of 0.7 mmHg (95%CI -2.6 to 4.0) and decrease of 0.7 mmHg (95%CI -2.9 to 1.5), respectively] was not significant relative to caffeine. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to our initial hypothesis, tea ingestion caused larger acute increases in blood pressure than caffeine alone. However, any acute effects of tea on blood pressure did not translate into significant alterations in ambulatory blood pressure during regular tea consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Hodgson
- University of Western Australia Department of Medicine and the Western Australian Heart Research Institute, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia.
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Kane RA, Jordan N, Grant LA. Goals for Alzheimer's care in nursing homes: what kind of differences do special care units expect to make? J Health Hum Serv Adm 1998; 20:311-32. [PMID: 10181396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Special Care Units (SCUs) for people with dementia have been enthusiastically promoted although many residents with dementia live elsewhere in their nursing home. In response to open-ended questions during personal interviews, coordinators of all 64 SCUs in Minnesota nursing homes described their goals and criteria for success. They then rated the importance of a list of possible goals and their unit's success in achieving them. Unit coordinators of 173 nursing home units in facilities with SCUs and 135 units in facilities without SCUs answered the same questions about people with dementia in their own units. When unprompted, respondents both in and outside SCUs were varied, sparse (averaging 3.1 goals per person), vague, process-oriented rather than outcome-oriented, and sometimes unrealistic. Yet, respondents later strongly endorsed most of the 24 goals the researchers suggested. ANOVA and regression analyses revealed few statistically significant differences according to unit type, although SCU coordinators were more likely to aspire to fewer medications, reduced disruptive behavior, and reduced agitation and anxiety, and were less likely to want residents to sleep through the night. Some differences were only between SCUs and non-SCUs in facilities without SCUs. Characteristics of facilities, coordinators, and case mix (e.g., proportion of dementia on the unit) were as predictive of goals and perceptions of success as SCU units. Findings reinforce the lack of conceptual clarity about expectations for direct and indirect effects of SCUs.
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Kurup S, Ride JP, Jordan N, Fletcher G, Franklin-Tong VE, Franklin FCH. Identification and cloning of related self-incompatibility S -genes in Papaver rhoeas and Papaver nudicaule. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/s004970050141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Newton JL, Jordan N, Oliver L, Strugala V, Pearson J, James OF, Allen A. Helicobacter pylori in vivo causes structural changes in the adherent gastric mucus layer but barrier thickness is not compromised. Gut 1998; 43:470-5. [PMID: 9824571 PMCID: PMC1727262 DOI: 10.1136/gut.43.4.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proposed that a pathogenic effect of Helicobacter pylori is a weakening of the protective mucus barrier; however, this remains controversial. AIMS To clarify the effects of H pylori infection on the mucus gel barrier in vivo. METHODS Mucus gel polymeric structure and the thickness of the adherent mucus barrier were measured in endoscopic biopsy samples in subjects with and without H pylori infection. RESULTS There was a significant 18% reduction in the proportion of polymeric gel forming mucin in the adherent mucus layer in H pylori positive compared with negative subjects. There was no change in the adherent mucus thickness between H pylori positive and negative subjects without gastric atrophy (mean (SD): 104 (26) micron, 106 (30) micron, respectively). There was however a significant reduction in mucus thickness in those H pylori positive subjects with underlying gastric atrophy (84 (13) micron, p=0.03) compared with those without atrophy. CONCLUSIONS A partial breakdown in gel forming structure of the gastric mucus barrier does occur in H pylori infection per se but this is insufficient to cause a collapse of the mucus barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Newton
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, UK
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Jordan N, Newton J, Pearson J, Allen A. A novel method for the visualization of the in situ mucus layer in rat and man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1998; 95:97-106. [PMID: 9662491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
1. The observed thickness of the gastric mucus barrier varies widely, even appearing discontinuous, depending on the methods used. Here we describe the development and application of a modified periodic acid Schiff/Alcian Blue staining technique for use on cryostat sections of gastric mucosa. This technique for the first time enables the preservation and visualization of the full thickness of the adherent gastric mucus layer and the underlying mucosa. 2. In designing this novel method we have selected those procedures which would result in the least alteration to the mucus layer. The methods used were snap freezing, cryostat sectioning of the whole stomach followed by brief ethanol pretreatment (10 min in 100% ethanol), a prolonged staining with periodic acid Schiff/Alcian Blue (15 min and 2.5 h respectively), a gentle post-fixation (45 min paraformaldehyde vapour at 37 degreesC) and the use of a water-soluble mountant. 3. A continuous, adherent mucus layer was observed over the surface of the rat gastric mucosa (periodic acid Schiff/Alcian Blue stained) and human gastric antral biopsies (periodic acid Schiff stained). In the rat the mean (S.D.) mucus thickness measurements along the antrum to oesophageal axis (which was divided histologically into four regions, A to D) were: A, 166 (47) micrometer; B, 179 (48) micrometer; C, 184 (50) micrometer; D (the non-glandular stratified epithelium at the top of the stomach), Absent. In human gastric antral biopsies the mean (S.D.) mucus thickness was 144 (52) micrometer. 4. This new technique has enabled the visualization and precise measurement of thickness of the gastric mucus layer in rat and man. The adherent gastric mucus layer was observed to be continuous in the rat glandular stomach and human antrum. In validation experiments in rat the mean mucus thickness measurements were found to be twice those measured by conventional histological techniques, in which the mucus layer appeared discontinuous and patchy. However, they were within the range of thickness values seen in unfixed tissues and in the rat in vivo preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jordan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Medical School, Framlington Place, The University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Abstract
Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rates are increasing rapidly in Asia, a full understanding of the extent of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in many of these areas is lacking. There have been anecdotes of rising rates of STDs in Mongolia, a country thus far relatively unaffected by HIV. To further the understanding of STDs, a prevalence study was conducted in the STD clinic in Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city in Mongolia. Among 260 patients, the prevalence of gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis was 31.1%, 8.1% and 8.6% respectively for males and 10.3%, 9.9% and 6.0% for females. Sixty-seven per cent of females had trichomoniasis and 19.7% of males had non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). Forty-two per cent of gonococcal isolates had plasmid mediated resistance to penicillin, and chromosomal resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin was documented. No patients were infected with HIV. STDs are a significant problem in Mongolia. Improved control efforts are urgently needed to prevent the emergence of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Schwebke
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, 35294-0006, USA.
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Jordan N. Managing early multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1998; 242:400-4. [PMID: 10492952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield
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Allen A, Newton J, Oliver L, Jordan N, Strugala V, Pearson JP, Dettmar PW. Mucus and H. pylori. J Physiol Pharmacol 1997; 48:297-305. [PMID: 9376612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A continuous, adherent mucus gel layer with mucosal bicarbonate secretion is the initial protective barrier in the stomach and duodenum against erosion by the gastric juice. H. pylori resides within the adherent mucus gel layer close to the epithelial surface. The barrier function of the mucus layer in vivo depends on (i) its thickness, and (ii) its gel structure, a property which is linearly dependent on the polymeric mucin content. We have shown in vivo that H. pylori colonisation alone did not decrease the thickness of the adherent gastric mucus barrier, although there was a mean 20% decrease in mucus thickness in those H. pylori positive subjects with underlying gastric atrophy. There was, however, a significant mean 18% reduction in the gel-forming polymeric mucin content of mucus from H. pylori subjects, independent of underlying atrophy. Studies in vitro suggest this loss of gel structure might arise from a H. pylori mediated, high local pH generated by urease activity rather than by proteolysis. This study shows that H. pylori infection alone does not compromise the overall integrity of the mucus barrier in vivo. However, in the immediate environment of the organism there appears to be a localised loss of mucus gel structure. The mucus barrier is compromised if H. pylori associated gastric atrophy or peptic ulceration follows.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Allen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Oliver L, Newton JL, Jordan N, Goddard P, Dettmar P, Pearson JP, Allen A. Effects of Helicobacter pylori colonisation on the adherent gastric mucus barrier. Biochem Soc Trans 1997; 25:372S. [PMID: 9191416 DOI: 10.1042/bst025372s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Oliver
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Mitchell J, Greenberg J, Finch K, Kovach J, Kipp L, Shainline M, Jordan N, Anderson C. Effectiveness and economic impact of antidepressant medications: a review. Am J Manag Care 1997; 3:323-30; quiz 331. [PMID: 10169266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the existing literature on the pharmacoeconomics and effectiveness of antidepressant medications. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have not proved to be more efficacious than the older tricyclics, and their prescription costs are significantly higher, they provide superior effectiveness; ie, patients are less likely to discontinue taking them or switch antidepressants. Pharmacoeconomic studies consistently demonstrate a relationship between this superior effectiveness and reductions in overall treatment costs, often through decreased utilization of medical and hospital services. The most conservative study found a cost offset that more than negated the extra cost of drugs, although the cost savings were not statistically significant. Other studies found statistically significant lowering of utilization costs by using SSRIs rather than tricyclics. Studies comparing SSRIs with each other present conflicting findings, although fluoxetine appears to have an edge over sertraline and paroxetine with regards to effectiveness and pharmacoeconomics. More studies employing a prospective outcome design and naturalistic study setting need to be conducted with SSRIs and other new antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mitchell
- Lovelace Medical Center Department of Mental Health, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
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50
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Newton J, Jordan N, Williams G, Allen A, James O, Newton J. Thinning of the Gastric Mucus Gel Layer in H Pylori Positive Subjects with Advancing Age. Age Ageing 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/26.suppl_3.p8-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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