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Haider N, Kahn CR. Interactions among insulin resistance, epigenetics, and donor sex in gene expression regulation of iPSC-derived myoblasts. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172333. [PMID: 38032738 PMCID: PMC10786688 DOI: 10.1172/jci172333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
About 25% of people in the general population are insulin resistant, increasing the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic disease. Transcriptomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into myoblasts (iMyos) from insulin-resistant (I-Res) versus insulin-sensitive (I-Sen) nondiabetic individuals revealed that 306 genes increased and 271 genes decreased in expression in iMyos from I-Res donors with differences of 2-fold or more. Over 30 of the genes changed in I-Res iMyos were associated with T2D by SNPs and were functionally linked to insulin action and control of metabolism. Interestingly, we also identified more than 1,500 differences in gene expression that were dependent on the sex of the cell donor, some of which modified the insulin resistance effects. Many of these sex differences were associated with increased DNA methylation in cells from female donors and were reversed by 5-azacytidine. By contrast, the insulin sensitivity differences were not reversed and thus appear to reflect genetic or methylation-independent epigenetic effects.
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Marques JF, Ali H, Varbanov BM, Finkel M, Veen HM, van der Meer SLM, Valles-Sanclemente S, Muthusubramanian N, Beekman M, Haider N, Terhal BM, DiCarlo L. All-Microwave Leakage Reduction Units for Quantum Error Correction with Superconducting Transmon Qubits. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:250602. [PMID: 37418741 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.250602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Minimizing leakage from computational states is a challenge when using many-level systems like superconducting quantum circuits as qubits. We realize and extend the quantum-hardware-efficient, all-microwave leakage reduction unit (LRU) for transmons in a circuit QED architecture proposed by Battistel et al. This LRU effectively reduces leakage in the second- and third-excited transmon states with up to 99% efficacy in 220 ns, with minimum impact on the qubit subspace. As a first application in the context of quantum error correction, we show how multiple simultaneous LRUs can reduce the error detection rate and suppress leakage buildup within 1% in data and ancilla qubits over 50 cycles of a weight-2 stabilizer measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Marques
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - H Ali
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - B M Varbanov
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - M Finkel
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - H M Veen
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - S L M van der Meer
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - S Valles-Sanclemente
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - N Muthusubramanian
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - M Beekman
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, Netherlands
| | - N Haider
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, Netherlands
| | - B M Terhal
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- EEMCS Department, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - L DiCarlo
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
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Haider N, Ronald Kahn C. PSUN312 Interaction Between Insulin Sensitivity Status and Cex in control of Gene Expression in Human iPS Cell-Derived Myoblasts. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9627320 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a major risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian disease, and many other disorders. About 25% of people within the general non-diabetic population are insulin resistant, and this has been shown to increase the risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to uncover the nature of the cell autonomous differences in gene expression that contribute to differences in insulin sensitivity and disease risk using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived from humans at both ends of the insulin sensitivity spectrum, i.e., top 20% of insulin resistance vs. top 20% of insulin sensitive. We find that iPSCs differentiated into myoblasts (iMyos) from non-diabetic individuals in the highest quintile of insulin resistance (I-Res) show impaired insulin signaling, defective insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and decreased glycogen synthase activity compared to iMyos from the insulin sensitive individuals (I-Sen), indicating these cells mirror in vitro the alterations seen in vivo. Transcriptomic analysis of these iMyos revealed a major effect of insulin resistance on gene expression, but an even larger, and unexpected, effect of sex of the donor on gene expression ex vivo. Thus, in cells from male donors, there were 184 significantly up-regulated and 167 significantly down-regulated genes in iMyos from I-Res vs I-Sen donors. The I-Res up-regulated genes were mostly related to the extracellular matrix organization and integrin signaling pathways, while the down-regulated genes belonged to immuno-regulatory pathways (p<0.05). Interestingly, in cells from females, distinct genes expression differences marked insulin resistance. Thus, iMyos from females showed up-regulation of 69 genes in the I-Res subgroup linked to cellular senescence and response to stress (p<0.05). In addition, and more strikingly, we also observed over 1500 sex-specific changes in gene expression that were independent of the insulin sensitivity status, with 766 genes significantly higher in cells from male donors and 786 genes higher in cells from female donors (FDR<0.2). Chromosomal positional analysis of the most sex-biased genes (FC>1.5) showed that only 7% of the differentially expressed genes were encoded by the X- or Y-chromosomes, while the remainder were spread across the autosomes. Furthermore, a comparison of the RNA sequencing data from these cell lines at the iPS cell and iMyos stage showed that X chromosome inactivation during the myoblast differentiation process was normal and that the sex-specific changes were not due to differences in X chromosome dosage in males and females but represent either persistent epigenetic changes and/or crosstalk between X and Y encoded genes and autosomal genes. Thus, insulin sensitivity status and patient sex interact to produce changes in gene expression that can contribute to how insulin resistance and other diseases are manifest differently in men and women. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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Petersen E, Zumla A, Hui DS, Blumberg L, Valdoleiros SR, Amao L, Ntoumi F, Asogun D, Simonsen L, Haider N, Traore T, Kapata N, Dar O, Nachega J, Abbara A, Al Balushi A, Kock R, Maeurer M, Lee SS, Lucey DR, Ippolito G, Koopmans M. Vaccination for monkeypox prevention in persons with high-risk sexual behaviours to control on-going outbreak of monkeypox virus clade 3. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:569-571. [PMID: 35788415 PMCID: PMC9534076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Petersen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Denmark; European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases [ESCMID] Task Force for Emerging Infections, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A Zumla
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - D S Hui
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - L Blumberg
- Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S R Valdoleiros
- European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases [ESCMID] Task Force for Emerging Infections, Basel, Switzerland; Infectious Diseases Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Amao
- Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - F Ntoumi
- Congolese Foundation for Medical Research, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo; Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Asogun
- Irrua Specialized Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria
| | - L Simonsen
- PandemiX Center, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
| | - N Haider
- The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - T Traore
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Programme, WHO Regional Office for Africa, Dakar Hub, Dakar, Senegal
| | - N Kapata
- National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - O Dar
- Chatham House and UK Public health security agency, London, UK
| | - J Nachega
- Department of Medicine and Center for Infectious Diseases, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, USA; Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - A Abbara
- UK Syria Public Health Network, and Department of Infection, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - A Al Balushi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - R Kock
- The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - M Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - S S Lee
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 206 Postgraduate Education Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - D R Lucey
- Daniel R. Lucey, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - G Ippolito
- Guiseppe Ippolito: Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mpg Koopmans
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Haider N, Shukla A, Chaurasia MK, Verma R, Hemlata, Singh GP. Effect of Preoperative Duloxetine Hydrochloride on Reducing Postoperative Morphine Requirement after Open Radical Cholecystectomy in Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study. Anesth Essays Res 2022; 16:316-320. [PMID: 36620122 PMCID: PMC9813995 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_75_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, opoids are linked with cancer recurrence. Duloxetine hydrochloride (DH), an anxiolytic may reduce total opoid requirement after cancer surgery. Aims We assessed the efficacy of a single dose of DH in reducing the total morphine requirement after open radical cholecystectomy. We also calculated the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, patient satisfaction score (PSS), and time taken to the use of the first rescue analgesic. Setting and Designes This is a prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled study conducted in the patients aged 20-70 years (American Society of Anaesthesiologists classes I-III) undergoing open radical cholecystectomy under general anesthesia for carcinoma gall bladder. Materials and Methods The patients were divided into two groups of 32 patients each by computer-generated randomization. Group A received oral DH (60 mg); Group B received identical placebo capsules 2 h before surgery with a sip of water. Postoperatively, intravenous morphine was given using a patient-controlled analgesia pump. After 24 h, total morphine consumption, the VAS score, time to the first rescue analgesia, and PSS were recorded. Statistical Analysis Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS version 22.0, IBM Corp., Chicago, IL, USA 2013). P value < 0.05 or 0.001 was considered statistically significant. Results The total morphine consumption and VAS score were significantly lower in Group A. No significant effects was observed on PSS. Conclusion A single 60 mg dose of DH administered 2 h before open radical cholecystectomy reduced total morphine consumption and improved VAS score postoperatively with no effect on PSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparna Shukla
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Chaurasia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Reetu Verma
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hemlata
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Singh
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Batista TM, Haider N, Kahn CR. Correction to: Defining the underlying defect in insulin action in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1064. [PMID: 35320373 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M Batista
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nida Haider
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Haider N, Parveen N, Rani S, Hussain Anwar S. Effect of Pupil Dilation on Ocular Biometric Measurements in High Myopes. pak J Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.36351/pjo.v38i2.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the effect of pupil dilation on different biometric measurements of eye in high myopes.
Study Design: Descriptive observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out eye out-patient department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore from August 2018 to December 2018.
Methods: We recruited 72 (144 eyes) young, non-cataractous myopes of -6 diopters or more (mean spherical equivalent -7.41 ± 1.35) and age above 15 years (range 15 – 38 years). Sampling was based on non-probability convenient sampling whereas those with any ocular pathology and history of surgery were excluded. Biometric measurements were taken with non-contact biometer Len Star (LS900) with Haigis formula used for IOL power calculation, before and after pupil dilation Data was analyzed on SPSS (v25) and P < .001 was taken as significant.
Results: Mean axial length (AL) difference between pre- and post-dilation was -0.006 ± 0.17 (p = 0.66), mean central corneal thickness (CCT) difference was -1.70 ± 8.95 (p = 0.024), mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) difference was -0.018 ± 0.04 (p = 0.001), mean lens thickness (LT) difference was 0.001 ± 0.53 (p = 0.81), mean Keratometry difference was 0.0013 ± 0.14 (p = 0.91), mean white to white (WTW) difference was 0.003 ± 0.01(p = 0.67) and mean IOL power difference was 0.000 ± 0.22 (p = 1.00). Bland Altman plots were drawn to indicate the 95% limits of agreement between pre- and post-dilation measurements.
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between pre and post dilation measurements of ACD but no clinically significant change was noted in IOL power calculations indicating that pupil dilation does not affect the biometric measurements.
Key Words: Biometry, Len Star, Myopia, Axial length, Anterior chamber depth.
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Haider N, Lebastchi J, Jayavelu AK, Batista TM, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Carcamo-Orive I, Knowles JW, Mann M, Kahn CR. Signaling defects associated with insulin resistance in nondiabetic and diabetic individuals and modification by sex. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e151818. [PMID: 34506305 DOI: 10.1172/jci151818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is present in one-quarter of the general population, predisposing these people to a wide range of diseases. Our aim was to identify cell-intrinsic determinants of insulin resistance in this population using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (iPSC-derived) myoblasts (iMyos). We found that these cells exhibited a large network of altered protein phosphorylation in vitro. Integrating these data with data from type 2 diabetic iMyos revealed critical sites of conserved altered phosphorylation in IRS-1, AKT, mTOR, and TBC1D1 in addition to changes in protein phosphorylation involved in Rho/Rac signaling, chromatin organization, and RNA processing. There were also striking differences in the phosphoproteome in cells from men versus women. These sex-specific and insulin-resistance defects were linked to functional differences in downstream actions. Thus, there are cell-autonomous signaling alterations associated with insulin resistance within the general population and important differences between men and women, many of which also occur in diabetes, that contribute to differences in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jasmin Lebastchi
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Brown, Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Jayavelu
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hui Pan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivan Carcamo-Orive
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Joshua W Knowles
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Negîrneac V, Ali H, Muthusubramanian N, Battistel F, Sagastizabal R, Moreira MS, Marques JF, Vlothuizen WJ, Beekman M, Zachariadis C, Haider N, Bruno A, DiCarlo L. High-Fidelity Controlled-Z Gate with Maximal Intermediate Leakage Operating at the Speed Limit in a Superconducting Quantum Processor. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:220502. [PMID: 34152182 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.220502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Simple tuneup of fast two-qubit gates is essential for the scaling of quantum processors. We introduce the sudden variant (SNZ) of the net zero scheme realizing controlled-Z (CZ) gates by flux control of transmon frequency. SNZ CZ gates realized in a multitransmon processor operate at the speed limit of transverse coupling between computational and noncomputational states by maximizing intermediate leakage. Beyond speed, the key advantage of SNZ is tuneup simplicity, owing to the regular structure of conditional phase and leakage as a function of two control parameters. SNZ is compatible with scalable schemes for quantum error correction and adaptable to generalized conditional-phase gates useful in intermediate-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Negîrneac
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - H Ali
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - N Muthusubramanian
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - F Battistel
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - R Sagastizabal
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - M S Moreira
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - J F Marques
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - W J Vlothuizen
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, Netherlands
| | - M Beekman
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, Netherlands
| | - C Zachariadis
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - N Haider
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, Netherlands
| | - A Bruno
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - L DiCarlo
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
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Haider N, Lebastchi J, Jayavelu AK, Batista TM, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Carcamo-Orive I, Knowles JW, Mann M, Kahn CR. Insulin Resistance and Gender Define a Cell Autonomous Supernetworkof Protein Phosphorylation. J Endocr Soc 2021. [PMCID: PMC8089492 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many hormones and growth factors, including insulin, act through networks of protein phosphorylation. Insulin resistance is an important factor in the pathophysiology of many metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to uncover the cell autonomous determinants of insulin action and protein phosphorylation using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived myoblasts (iMyos) in vitro. Here, we show that iMyos from non-diabetic individuals in the highest quintile of insulin resistance show impaired insulin signaling, defective insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and decreased glycogen synthase activity compared to iMyos from the insulin sensitive individuals, indicating these cells mirror in vitro the alterations seen in vivo. Global phosphoproteomic analysis uncovered a large network of proteins whose phosphorylation was altered in association with insulin resistance, most outside the canonical insulin-signaling cascade. More surprisingly, we also observed striking differences in the phosphoproteomic signature of iMyos derived from male versus female subjects, involving multiple pathways regulating diverse cellular functions, including DNA and RNA processing, GTPase signaling, and SUMOylation/ubiquitination. These findings provide new insights into the cell autonomous mechanisms underlying insulin resistance in the non-diabetic population and provide evidence of a major, previously unrecognized, supernetwork of cell signaling differences in males and females that must be considered in understanding the molecular basis of sex-based differences in normal physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Joslin Diabetes Center/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jasmin Lebastchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Brown, Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | - Hui Pan
- Joslin Diabetes Center/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ivan Carcamo-Orive
- Cardiovascular Institute and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua W Knowles
- Cardiovascular Institute and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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Abstract
Insulin resistance is one of the earliest defects in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Over the past 50 years, elucidation of the insulin signalling network has provided important mechanistic insights into the abnormalities of glucose, lipid and protein metabolism that underlie insulin resistance. In classical target tissues (liver, muscle and adipose tissue), insulin binding to its receptor initiates a broad signalling cascade mediated by changes in phosphorylation, gene expression and vesicular trafficking that result in increased nutrient utilisation and storage, and suppression of catabolic processes. Insulin receptors are also expressed in non-classical targets, such as the brain and endothelial cells, where it helps regulate appetite, energy expenditure, reproductive hormones, mood/behaviour and vascular function. Recent progress in cell biology and unbiased molecular profiling by mass spectrometry and DNA/RNA-sequencing has provided a unique opportunity to dissect the determinants of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome; best studied are extrinsic factors, such as circulating lipids, amino acids and other metabolites and exosomal microRNAs. More challenging has been defining the cell-intrinsic factors programmed by genetics and epigenetics that underlie insulin resistance. In this regard, studies using human induced pluripotent stem cells and tissues point to cell-autonomous alterations in signalling super-networks, involving changes in phosphorylation and gene expression both inside and outside the canonical insulin signalling pathway. Understanding how these multi-layered molecular networks modulate insulin action and metabolism in different tissues will open new avenues for therapy and prevention of type 2 diabetes and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M Batista
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nida Haider
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Islam A, Hossain M, Rostal M, Ferdous J, Miah M, Mukharjee S, Haider N, Hasan M, Rahman M, Daszak P, Rahman M, Epstein J. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of rotavirus A in bats and rhesus macaques at human-wildlife interfaces in Bangladesh. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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13
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Hossain M, Haider N, Sturm-Ramirez K, Hasan R, Hossain M, Rahman M, Chowdhury S, Osmani M, Khan S, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Davis C, Zeidner N, Kennedy E. Identification of avian influenza viruses among birds in pet bird markets. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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14
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Sanyaolu A, Okorie C, Marinkovic A, Ayodele O, Abbasi A, Prakash S, Ahmed M, Kayode D, Jaferi U, Haider N. Navigating the Diagnostics of COVID-19. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7665290 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction/Objective The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in Hubei province, China in December 2019 and has spread worldwide at an alarming rate. With millions of individuals infected and over two hundred thousand deaths, the necessity to develop fast and efficient diagnostic methods is of high importance. Diagnostic modalities rely on a combination of epidemiology, clinical presentation, laboratory examination, and appropriate imaging to diagnose and distinguish SARS-CoV-2 from other pulmonary infections. The purpose of this paper is to report on currently available diagnostic screening methods for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 to guide frontline healthcare workers involved with COVID-19 patient care. Methods An electronic literature search was performed for peer-reviewed articles published from January 1, 2020, until April 26, 2020. Articles were then reviewed and included based on the applicability to the topic. Results The preferred diagnostic approach is reverse transcription of the virus’ RNA followed by PCR amplification (RT-PCR). This method recognizes the gene-specific primers to target various viral protein genes, such as the envelope protein gene or the nucleocapsid protein gene, which enables this test to be both sensitive and specific toward SARS-CoV-2. However, this method has been proven to be time-consuming taking hours-to-days for the results. In order to improve the speed and efficiency of diagnostics, newer rapid diagnostic serological tests are being developed for testing SARS-CoV-2, each with its own unique advantages and disadvantages. They could potentially be used as triage tests to rapidly identify patients who are very likely to have COVID-19 in combination with other accurate diagnostic methods. Conclusion Therefore, a combination of diagnostic testing used in a timely manner may be beneficial for the rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. This was evident in cases where despite initial negative RT-PCR tests for various patients, who later demonstrate chest CT scans with various degrees of consolidation and ground-glass opacity. Thus establishing the need for radiology diagnosis to be complementary to RT-PCR for COVID-19 patients. Hopefully, the continuous development and use of rapid diagnostic tests and the implementation of public health measures will help control the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanyaolu
- Communicable Diseases, AMOOF Healthcare Consulting, Calgary, Alberta, CANADA
| | - C Okorie
- Essex County College, Newark, New Jersey, UNITED STATES
| | - A Marinkovic
- Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, ANGUILLA
| | - O Ayodele
- Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, ANGUILLA
| | - A Abbasi
- Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, ANGUILLA
| | - S Prakash
- Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, ANGUILLA
| | - M Ahmed
- Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, ANGUILLA
| | - D Kayode
- College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos, NIGERIA
| | - U Jaferi
- School of Medicine, All Saints University, Roseau, DOMINICA
| | - N Haider
- School of Medicine, All Saints University, Roseau, DOMINICA
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15
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Haider N, Larose L. Activation of the PDGFRα-Nrf2 pathway mediates impaired adipocyte differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells lacking Nck1. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:26. [PMID: 32059739 PMCID: PMC7023715 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited options to treat obesity and its complications result from an incomplete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating white adipose tissue development, including adipocyte hypertrophy (increase in size) and hyperplasia (increase in number through adipogenesis). We recently demonstrated that lack of the adaptor protein Nck1 in mice is associated with reduced adiposity and impaired adipocyte differentiation. In agreement, Nck1 depletion in 3 T3-L1 cells also attenuates adipocyte differentiation by enhancing PDGFRα activation and signaling. This is accompanied by higher expression of PDGF-A, a specific PDGFRα ligand, that may contribute to enhanced activation of PDGFRα signaling in the absence of Nck1 in white adipose tissue. However, whether Nck1 deficiency also impairs adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow still remains to be determined. METHODS To address this point, Nck1-deficient derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) and C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated into adipocytes in vitro. Genes and proteins expression in these cellular models were determined using qPCR and western blotting respectively. Pharmacological approaches were used to assess a role for Nrf2 in mediating Nck1 deficiency effect on mesenchymal stem cells adipocyte differentiation. RESULTS Nck1 deficiency in both BM-MSCs and C3H10T1/2 results in impaired adipocyte differentiation, accompanied by increased activation of the transcription factor Nrf2, as shown by increased mRNA levels of Nrf2 target genes, including PDGF-A. Using pharmacological activator and inhibitor of Nrf2, we further provide evidence that Nrf2 is an important player in PDGFRα signaling that mediates expression of PDGF-A and impaired adipogenesis in Nck1-deficient BM-MSCs and C3H10T1/2 cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Nck1 deficiency in mesenchymal stem cells impairs adipogenesis through activation of the PDGFRα-Nrf2 anti-adipogenic signaling pathway. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Louise Larose
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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16
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Jomaa J, Martínez-Vargas J, Essaili S, Haider N, Abramyan J. Disconnect between the developing eye and craniofacial prominences in the avian embryo. Mech Dev 2020; 161:103596. [PMID: 32044294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the amniote embryo, the upper jaw and nasal cavities form through coordinated outgrowth and fusion of craniofacial prominences. Adjacent to the embryonic prominences are the developing eyes, which abut the maxillary and lateral nasal prominences. The embryos of extant sauropsids (birds and nonavian reptiles) develop particularly large eyes in comparison to mammals, leading researchers to propose that the developing eye may facilitate outgrowth of prominences towards the midline in order to aid prominence fusion. To test this hypothesis, we performed unilateral and bilateral ablation of the developing eyes in chicken embryos, with the aim of evaluating subsequent prominence formation and fusion. Our analyses revealed minor interaction between the developing craniofacial prominences and the eyes, inconsequential to the fusion of the upper beak. At later developmental stages, the skull exhibited only localized effects from missing eyes, while geometric morphometrics revealed minimal effect on overall shape of the upper jaw when it develops without eyes. Our results indicate that the substantial size of the developing eyes in the chicken embryo exert little influence over the fusion of the craniofacial prominences, despite their effect on the size and shape of maxillary prominences and components of the skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Jomaa
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA
| | | | - Shadya Essaili
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA
| | - Nida Haider
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA
| | - John Abramyan
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA.
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17
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Abstract
Obesity and associated metabolic complications, including diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic diseases, and certain types of cancers, create a major socioeconomic burden. Obesity is characterized by excessive expansion of white adipose tissue resulting from increased adipocyte size, and enhanced adipocyte precursor cells proliferation and differentiation into mature adipocytes, a process well-defined as adipogenesis. Efforts to develop therapeutically potent strategies to circumvent obesity are impacted by our limited understanding of molecular mechanisms regulating adipogenesis. In this review, we discuss recently discovered molecular mechanisms restraining adipogenesis. In this perspective, the discoveries of white adipose tissue endogenous adipogenesis-regulatory cells (Aregs) that negatively regulate adipocyte differentiation, platelet-derived growth factor receptor isoform α (PDGFRα) activation and downstream signaling that hinder adipocyte precursors differentiation, and a group of obesity-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate adipogenesis open up promising therapeutic avenues to prevent and/or treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise Larose
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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18
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Rol MA, Battistel F, Malinowski FK, Bultink CC, Tarasinski BM, Vollmer R, Haider N, Muthusubramanian N, Bruno A, Terhal BM, DiCarlo L. Fast, High-Fidelity Conditional-Phase Gate Exploiting Leakage Interference in Weakly Anharmonic Superconducting Qubits. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:120502. [PMID: 31633950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conditional-phase (cz) gates in transmons can be realized by flux pulsing computational states towards resonance with noncomputational ones. We present a 40 ns cz gate based on a bipolar flux pulse suppressing leakage (0.1%) by interference and approaching the speed limit set by exchange coupling. This pulse harnesses a built-in echo to enhance fidelity (99.1%) and is robust to long-timescale distortion in the flux-control line, ensuring repeatability. Numerical simulations matching experiment show that fidelity is limited by high-frequency dephasing and leakage by short-timescale distortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rol
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - F Battistel
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - F K Malinowski
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - C C Bultink
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - B M Tarasinski
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R Vollmer
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - N Haider
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientic Research (TNO), P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - N Muthusubramanian
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A Bruno
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - B M Terhal
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- JARA Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - L DiCarlo
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
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19
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Goel S, Sinha DJ, Singh UP, Ahuja U, Haider N, Sharma N. Comparative evaluation of effect of chlorhexidine, Azadirachta indica (neem), and Aloe barbadensis miller ( Aloe vera) on resin-dentin bond stabilization using shear bond testing: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:300-304. [PMID: 31367118 PMCID: PMC6632631 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_11_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cavity disinfectants help to remove the microbial remnants; hence, its use prior to any restoration is valuable, and a search for alternative to chlorhexidine (CHX) is required which may be more efficacious and can overcome the drawbacks of CHX. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of application of three different cavity disinfectants in a clinically relevant time period on the immediate and delayed shear bond strengths (SBSs) of an etch-and-rinse adhesive system to dentin. Materials and Methods: For SBS testing, flat coronal dentin surfaces were prepared in two hundred extracted human molars. Specimens were randomly assigned to four groups according to the disinfectant used: Group I: Control (no disinfectant), Group II: 2% CHX solution, Group III: Aloe barbadensis miller (Aloe vera) solution, and Group IV: Azadirachta indica (neem) solution. Specimens were bonded using Prime and Bond NT adhesive which was employed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Resin composite cylinder buildups were done in all the samples. The modes of failure were noted after visual examination using a binocular stereomicroscope. Samples were also analyzed under scanning electron microscope for observation of resin-dentin interface. SBS results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results: The results showed that CHX, Aloe vera, and neem had improved bond strengths as compared to the control group for both immediate and delayed SBSs. Conclusion: From the results of the study, the authors concluded that Aloe vera and neem can be used as alternative cavity disinfectants to CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivika Goel
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dakshita Joy Sinha
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Udai Pratap Singh
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Urja Ahuja
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nida Haider
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nipun Sharma
- Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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Haider N, Dusseault J, Larose L. Nck1 Deficiency Impairs Adipogenesis by Activation of PDGFRα in Preadipocytes. iScience 2018; 6:22-37. [PMID: 30240612 PMCID: PMC6137712 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity results from an excessive expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT), which is still poorly understood from an etiologic-mechanistic perspective. Here, we report that Nck1, a Src homology domain-containing adaptor, is upregulated during WAT expansion and in vitro adipogenesis. In agreement, Nck1 mRNA correlates positively with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and adiponectin mRNAs in the WAT of obese humans, whereas Nck1-deficient mice display smaller WAT depots with reduced number of adipocyte precursors and accumulation of extracellular matrix. Furthermore, silencing Nck1 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes increases the proliferation and expression of genes encoding collagen, whereas it decreases the expression of adipogenic markers and impairs adipogenesis. Silencing Nck1 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes also promotes the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) α activation and signaling. Preventing PDGFRα activation using imatinib, or through PDGF-A or PDGFRα deficiency, inhibits collagen expression in Nck1-deficient preadipocytes. Finally, imatinib rescues differentiation of Nck1-deficient preadipocytes. Altogether, our findings reveal that Nck1 modulates WAT development through PDGFRα-dependent remodeling of preadipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Haider
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, Bloc E, Rm E02-7244, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Julie Dusseault
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, Bloc E, Rm E02-7244, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Louise Larose
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University and The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, Bloc E, Rm E02-7244, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada.
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21
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Haider N, Khan MSU, Hossain MB, Sazzad HMS, Rahman MZ, Ahmed F, Zeidner NS. Serological evidence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs and jaundice among pig handlers in Bangladesh. Zoonoses Public Health 2017; 64:572-577. [PMID: 28670851 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of viral hepatitis in humans. Pigs may act as a reservoir of HEV, and pig handlers were frequently identified with a higher prevalence of antibodies to HEV. The objectives of this study were to identify evidence of HEV infection in pigs and compare the history of jaundice between pig handlers and people not exposed to pigs and pork. Blood and faecal samples were collected from 100 pigs derived from three slaughterhouses in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh from January to June, 2011. We also interviewed 200 pig handlers and 250 non-exposed people who did not eat pork or handled pigs in the past 2 years. We tested the pig sera for HEV-specific antibodies using a competitive ELISA and pig faecal samples for HEV RNA using real-time RT-PCR. Of 100 pig sera, 82% (n = 82) had detectable antibody against HEV. Of the 200 pig handlers, 28% (56/200) demonstrated jaundice within the past 2 years, whereas only 17% (43/250) of controls had a history of jaundice (p < .05). Compared to non-exposed people, those who slaughtered pigs (31% versus 15%, p < .001), reared pigs (37% versus 20%, p < .001), butchered pigs (35% versus 19%, p < .001) or involved in pork transportation (28% versus 13%, p < .001) were more likely to be affected with jaundice in the preceding 2 years. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, exposure to pigs (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-3.9) and age (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99) was significantly associated with jaundice in the past 2 years. Pigs in Bangladesh demonstrated evidence of HEV infection, and a history of jaundice was significantly more frequent in pig handlers. Identifying and genotyping HEV in pigs and pig handlers may provide further evidence of the pig's role in zoonotic HEV transmission in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Section for Diagnostics and Scientific Advice, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M S U Khan
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Universirty of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M B Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - H M S Sazzad
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Z Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - F Ahmed
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N S Zeidner
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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22
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Rimi NA, Sultana R, Muhsina M, Uddin B, Haider N, Nahar N, Zeidner N, Sturm-Ramirez K, Luby SP. Biosecurity Conditions in Small Commercial Chicken Farms, Bangladesh 2011-2012. Ecohealth 2017; 14:244-258. [PMID: 28289988 PMCID: PMC5942227 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-017-1224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In Bangladesh, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 is endemic in poultry. This study aimed to understand the biosecurity conditions and farmers' perception of avian influenza biosecurity in Bangladeshi small commercial chicken farms. During 2011-2012, we conducted observations, in-depth interviews and group discussions with poultry farmers in 16 farms and in-depth interviews with seven local feed vendors from two districts. None of the farms were completely segregated from people, backyard poultry, other animals, households, other poultry farms or large trees. Wild birds and rodents accessed the farms for poultry feed. Farmers usually did not allow the buyers to bring egg trays inside their sheds. Spraying disinfectant in the shed and removing feces were the only regular cleaning and disinfection activities observed. All farmers sold or used untreated feces as fish feed or fertilizer. Farmers were more concerned about Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease than about avian influenza. Farmers' understanding about biosecurity and avian influenza was influenced by local vendors. While we seldom observed flock segregation, some farmers used measures that involved additional cost or effort to protect their flocks. These farmers could be motivated by interventions to protect their investment from diseases they consider harmful. Future interventions could explore the feasibility and effectiveness of low-cost alternative biosecurity measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Rimi
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - R Sultana
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - M Muhsina
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - B Uddin
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - N Haider
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
- Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N Nahar
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - N Zeidner
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K Sturm-Ramirez
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S P Luby
- Program on Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudia Arabia
| | - F Mazhar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudia Arabia
| | - M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Service, Almana General Hospital, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
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24
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Abstract
The regulation of adipose tissue expansion by adipocyte hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia is the topic of extensive investigations given the potential differential contribution of the 2 processes to the development of numerous chronic diseases associated with obesity. We recently discovered that the loss-of-function of the Src homology domain-containing protein Nck2 in mice promotes adiposity accompanied with adipocyte hypertrophy and impaired function, and enhanced adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Moreover, in severely-obese human's adipose tissue, we found that Nck2 expression is markedly downregulated. In this commentary, our goal is to expand upon additional findings providing further evidence for a unique Nck2-dependent mechanism regulating adipogenesis. We propose that Nck2 should be further investigated as a regulator of the reliance of white adipose tissue on hyperplasia versus hypertrophy during adipose tissue expansion, and hence, as a potential novel molecular target in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Haider
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute (MUHC-RI), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J. Dusseault
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute (MUHC-RI), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A. Rudich
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - L. Larose
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute (MUHC-RI), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Dusseault J, Li B, Haider N, Goyette MA, Côté JF, Larose L. Nck2 Deficiency in Mice Results in Increased Adiposity Associated With Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Enhanced Adipogenesis. Diabetes 2016; 65:2652-66. [PMID: 27325288 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity results from an excessive expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) from hypertrophy of preexisting adipocytes and enhancement of precursor differentiation into mature adipocytes. We report that Nck2-deficient mice display progressive increased adiposity associated with adipocyte hypertrophy. A negative relationship between the expression of Nck2 and WAT expansion was recapitulated in humans such that reduced Nck2 protein and mRNA levels in human visceral WAT significantly correlate with the degree of obesity. Accordingly, Nck2 deficiency promotes an adipogenic program that not only enhances adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet formation but also results in dysfunctional elevated lipogenesis and lipolysis activities in mouse WAT as well as in stromal vascular fraction and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We provide strong evidence to support that through a mechanism involving primed PERK activation and signaling, Nck2 deficiency in adipocyte precursors is associated with enhanced adipogenesis in vitro and adiposity in vivo. Finally, in agreement with elevated circulating lipids, Nck2-deficient mice develop glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. Taken together, these findings reveal that Nck2 is a novel regulator of adiposity and suggest that Nck2 is important in limiting WAT expansion and dysfunction in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dusseault
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nida Haider
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Goyette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (Université de Montréal), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (Université de Montréal), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise Larose
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Shanta IS, Hasnat MA, Zeidner N, Gurley ES, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Sharker MAY, Hossain K, Khan SU, Haider N, Bhuyan AA, Hossain MA, Luby SP. Raising Backyard Poultry in Rural Bangladesh: Financial and Nutritional Benefits, but Persistent Risky Practices. Transbound Emerg Dis 2016; 64:1454-1464. [PMID: 27311406 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Poultry is commonly raised by households in rural Bangladesh. In 2007, the Government of Bangladesh began a mass media campaign to disseminate 10 recommended precautions to prevent transmission of H5N1 from poultry to humans. This longitudinal study explored the contribution of backyard poultry on household economy and nutrition and compared poultry-raising practices to government recommendations. From 2009 to 2012, we enrolled a nationally representative sample of 2489 primary backyard poultry raisers from 115 rural villages selected by probability proportional to population size. Researchers interviewed the raisers to collect data on poultry-raising practices. They followed the raisers for 2-12 months to collect data on household income and nutrition from poultry. Income from backyard poultry flocks accounted for 2.8% of monthly household income. Return on annual investment (ROI) per flock was 480%. Yearly, median family consumption of eggs was one-fifth of the total produced eggs and three poultry from their own flock. Respondents' reported practices conflicted with government recommendations. Sixty per cent of raisers had never heard of avian influenza or 'bird flu'. Among the respondents, 85% handled sick poultry or poultry that died due to illness, and 49% slaughtered or defeathered sick poultry. In 37% of households, children touched poultry. Fifty-eight per cent never washed their hands with soap after handling poultry, while <1% covered their nose and mouth with a cloth when handling poultry. Only 3% reported poultry illness and deaths to local authorities. These reported practices did not improve during the study period. Raising backyard poultry in rural Bangladesh provides important income and nutrition with an excellent ROI. Government recommendations to reduce the risk of avian influenza transmission did not impact the behaviour of poultry producers. Further research should prioritize developing interventions that simultaneously reduce the risk of avian influenza transmission and increase productivity of backyard poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E Azziz-Baumgartner
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M A Y Sharker
- icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - S U Khan
- icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - N Haider
- icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Section for Epidemiology, DTU vet, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A A Bhuyan
- icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md A Hossain
- Department of Livestock Service, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S P Luby
- icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Division of Infectious Disease and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Haider N, Khan SU, Islam A, Osmani MG, Rahman MZ, Epstein JH, Daszak P, Zeidner NS. Efficiency of the Clinical Veterinary Diagnostic Practices and Drug Choices for Infectious Diseases in Livestock in Bangladesh. Transbound Emerg Dis 2016; 64:1329-1333. [PMID: 27062143 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
As in most low-income countries, adequate laboratory facilities are not available in Bangladesh to assist veterinarians in diagnosing animal diseases. We aimed to determine the efficiency of veterinary diagnoses for two common ruminant diseases in Bangladesh: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). We conducted the study from May 2009 to August 2010 in three government veterinary hospitals where veterinarians collected samples from sick livestock and recorded the presumptive diagnosis on the basis of clinical presentations. Samples were tested for PPR and FMD using real-time RT-PCR. We estimated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the presumptive diagnoses when compared to laboratory tests. We tested 539 goats for PPR and 340 cattle and goats for FMD. Our results indicate that the veterinarians' presumptive diagnoses were different from laboratory findings for both PPR (P < 0.05) and FMD (P < 0.05). The overall sensitivity of the presumptive clinical diagnoses was 54% (95% CI: 47-61%) while specificity was 81% (95% CI: 78-84%) compared to real-time RT-PCR tests. The kappa value obtained in our validation process for PPR (kappa: 0.25) and FMD (kappa 0.36) indicated a poor performance of the presumptive diagnoses. Most of the animals (93%) were treated with antibiotics. Our findings indicate that veterinarians can detect animals not infected with FMD or PPR but miss the true cases. The clinical competency of these veterinarians needs to be improved and access to laboratory diagnostic facilities could help veterinarians to improve the diagnostics and outcomes. The rational use of antibiotics by veterinarians in animals must be ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Center for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Section for Epidemiology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S U Khan
- Center for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,College of Public Health and Health professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A Islam
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
| | - M G Osmani
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Z Rahman
- Center for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - P Daszak
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
| | - N S Zeidner
- Center for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Haider SA, Cameron A, Siva P, Lui D, Shafiee MJ, Boroomand A, Haider N, Wong A. Fluorescence microscopy image noise reduction using a stochastically-connected random field model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20640. [PMID: 26884148 PMCID: PMC4756687 DOI: 10.1038/srep20640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is an essential part of a biologist’s toolkit, allowing assaying of many parameters like subcellular localization of proteins, changes in cytoskeletal dynamics, protein-protein interactions, and the concentration of specific cellular ions. A fundamental challenge with using fluorescence microscopy is the presence of noise. This study introduces a novel approach to reducing noise in fluorescence microscopy images. The noise reduction problem is posed as a Maximum A Posteriori estimation problem, and solved using a novel random field model called stochastically-connected random field (SRF), which combines random graph and field theory. Experimental results using synthetic and real fluorescence microscopy data show the proposed approach achieving strong noise reduction performance when compared to several other noise reduction algorithms, using quantitative metrics. The proposed SRF approach was able to achieve strong performance in terms of signal-to-noise ratio in the synthetic results, high signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio in the real fluorescence microscopy data results, and was able to maintain cell structure and subtle details while reducing background and intra-cellular noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Haider
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - A Cameron
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - P Siva
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - D Lui
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M J Shafiee
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - A Boroomand
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - N Haider
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Research Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Al-Herz A, Saleh K, Al-Awadhi A, Al-Kandari W, Hasan E, Abutiban F, Alenizi A, Ghanem A, Hussain M, Ali Y, Khadrawy A, Fazal A, Mokaddem K, Aftab B, Haider N, Zaman A, Mazloum G, Bartella Y, Al-Saber A, Esdaile J. THU0128 Characteristics of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Kuwait: Results from the Krrd Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Haider N, Sturm-Ramirez K, Khan SU, Rahman MZ, Sarkar S, Poh MK, Shivaprasad HL, Kalam MA, Paul SK, Karmakar PC, Balish A, Chakraborty A, Mamun AA, Mikolon AB, Davis CT, Rahman M, Donis RO, Heffelfinger JD, Luby SP, Zeidner N. Unusually High Mortality in Waterfowl Caused by Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Bangladesh. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:144-156. [PMID: 25892457 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mortality in ducks and geese caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) infection had not been previously identified in Bangladesh. In June-July 2011, we investigated mortality in ducks, geese and chickens with suspected H5N1 infection in a north-eastern district of the country to identify the aetiologic agent and extent of the outbreak and identify possible associated human infections. We surveyed households and farms with affected poultry flocks in six villages in Netrokona district and collected cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs from sick birds and tissue samples from dead poultry. We conducted a survey in three of these villages to identify suspected human influenza-like illness cases and collected nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. We tested all swabs by real-time RT-PCR, sequenced cultured viruses, and examined tissue samples by histopathology and immunohistochemistry to detect and characterize influenza virus infection. In the six villages, among the 240 surveyed households and 11 small-scale farms, 61% (1789/2930) of chickens, 47% (4816/10 184) of ducks and 73% (358/493) of geese died within 14 days preceding the investigation. Of 70 sick poultry swabbed, 80% (56/70) had detectable RNA for influenza A/H5, including 89% (49/55) of ducks, 40% (2/5) of geese and 50% (5/10) of chickens. We isolated virus from six of 25 samples; sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene of these six isolates indicated clade 2.3.2.1a of H5N1 virus. Histopathological changes and immunohistochemistry staining of avian influenza viral antigens were recognized in the brain, pancreas and intestines of ducks and chickens. We identified ten human cases showing signs compatible with influenza-like illness; four were positive for influenza A/H3; however, none were positive for influenza A/H5. The recently introduced H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1a virus caused unusually high mortality in ducks and geese. Heightened surveillance in poultry is warranted to guide appropriate diagnostic testing and detect novel influenza strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Section for Epidemiology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Sturm-Ramirez
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S U Khan
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M Z Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S Sarkar
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M K Poh
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - M A Kalam
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S K Paul
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - P C Karmakar
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A Balish
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A Chakraborty
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A A Mamun
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A B Mikolon
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Hawthorne, CA, USA
| | - C T Davis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Rahman
- Institute of Epidemiology, Diseases Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - R O Donis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J D Heffelfinger
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S P Luby
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Division of Infectious Disease and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - N Zeidner
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
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Haider N, Rahman MS, Khan SU, Mikolon A, Gurley ES, Osmani MG, Shanta IS, Paul SK, Macfarlane-Berry L, Islam A, Desmond J, Epstein JH, Daszak P, Azim T, Luby SP, Zeidner N, Rahman MZ. Identification and Epidemiology of a Rare HoBi-Like Pestivirus Strain in Bangladesh. Transbound Emerg Dis 2014; 61:193-8. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Haider
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - M. S. Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - S. U. Khan
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
- College of Public Health and Health Professions; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - A. Mikolon
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); 11850 S. La Cienega; Hawthorne CA USA
| | - E. S. Gurley
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - M. G. Osmani
- Department of Livestock Services; Ministries of Fisheries and Livestock; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - I. S. Shanta
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - S. K. Paul
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | | | - A. Islam
- EcoHealth Alliance; New York NY USA
| | | | | | | | - T. Azim
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - S. P. Luby
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
- Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | - N. Zeidner
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta GA USA
| | - M. Z. Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research; Dhaka Bangladesh
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O'Callaghan A, Colgan MP, McGuigan C, Smyth F, Haider N, O'Neill S, Moore D, Madhavan P. Re: using HIPE data for research and audit: critical factors for success. Ir Med J 2013; 106:157; discussion 157. [PMID: 23914584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Abstract
Understanding the origin of cultivated wheats would further their genetic improvement. The hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD) is believed to have originated through one or more rare hybridization events between Aegilops tauschii (DD) and the tetraploid T. turgidum (AABB). Progenitor of the A-genome of the tetraploid and hexaploid wheats has generally been accepted to be T. urartu. In spite of the large number of attempts and published reports about the origin of the B-genome in cultivated wheats, the donor of the B-genome is still relatively unknown and controversial and, hence, remains open. This genome has been found to be closely related to the S-genome of the Sitopsis section (Ae. speltoides, Ae. longissima, Ae. sharonensis, Ae. searsii, and Ae. bicornis) of the genus Aegilops L. Among Sitopsis species, the most positive evidence has been accumulated for Ae. speltoides as the progenitor of the B-genome. Therefore, one or more of the Sitopsis species were proposed frequently as the B-genome donor. Although several reviews have been written on the origin of the genomes of wheat over the years, this paper will attempt for the first time to review the immense literature on the subject, with a particular emphasis on the B-genome which has attracted a huge attention over some 100 years. The ambiguity and conflicting results in most of the methods employed in deducing the precise B-genome donor/s to bread wheat are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The plastibell device is used successfully for religious and cultural circumcisions in the community. The aim of this article is to highlight the recognition and management of iatrogenic phimosis. METHODS A retrospective study was performed of outcomes of plastibell circumcision in a community-based circumcision service provided by trained paediatric surgeons. The objective was to assess the complication of slipped plastibell rings and to ascertain the effectiveness of its management. RESULTS A total of 5 patients with a slipped plastibell ring were indentified out of 560 plastibell circumcisions. Three patients presented with acquired phimosis. In two patients early diagnosis and management prevented any further complications and a second operation was avoided. CONCLUSIONS Plastibell circumcision in the community is safe and effective. Detection of minor bleeding due to a slipped ring is important. Early management can avoid the risk of acquired phimosis due to cicatrix formation and can save parents of undue anxiety.
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Haider N, Rahim M, Khan M, Ahmed F, Paul S, Rahman M, Luby S, Mikolon A. Serological evidence of Hepatitis E Virus in pigs in Bangladesh. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Haider N, Nabulsi I. Molecular characterization of Syrian date palm cultivars using plasmid-like DNA markers. Genetika 2012; 48:270-274. [PMID: 22568006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the most important domesticated fruit trees in the Near East and North African countries. This tree has been, for several decades, in serious threat of being completely destroyed by the "Bayoud" disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. In this study, 18 Syrian date palm cultivars and four male trees were analyzed according to the identity of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs. A PCR strategy that employs plasmid-like DNAs-specific primer pair was used. These primers amplify a product of either 373-bp or 265-bp that corresponds to the S-(Bayoud-susceptible) or the R-plasmid (Bayoud-resistant), respectively. Generated data revealed that only six cultivars ('Medjool', 'Ashrasi', 'Gish Rabi', 'Khineze', and yellow- and red-'Kabkab') have the S-plasmid, suggesting their susceptibility to the fusariosis, while the remaining 12 cultivars and the four male trees contain the R-plasmid, suggesting their resistance to the fusariosis. The PCR process applied here has been proved efficient for the rapid screening for the presence of the S and R DNAs in Syrian date palm. PCR markers developed in this study could be useful for the screening of date palm lines growing in the field. The availability of such diagnostic tool for plasmid characterization in date palm would also be of great importance in establishing propagation and breeding programs of date palm in Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Haider
- Minimally Invasive Spine Institute, Washington DC, United States
| | - K. Ali
- Minimally Invasive Spine Institute, Washington DC, United States
| | - T. Raley
- Minimally Invasive Spine Institute, Washington DC, United States
| | - J. Weiners
- Minimally Invasive Spine Institute, Washington DC, United States
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O'Callaghan A, Colgan MP, McGuigan C, Smyth F, Haider N, O'Neill S, Moore D, Madhavan P. A critical evaluation of HIPE data. Ir Med J 2012; 105:21-23. [PMID: 22397209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Resource allocation and planning of future services is dependent on current volumes, making it imperative that procedural data is accurately recorded. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the information gathered by the Hospital Inpatient Enquiry (HIPE) system in recording such activity. Five index vascular procedures (open/endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair, carotid endarterectomy, lower limb angioplasty/bypass) were chosen to reflect activity. The Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), and HIPE databases were interrogated to obtain the regional and hospital specific figures for the years 2005, 2006 and 2009, and then compared with the prospective vascular database in St James's hospital. Data for 2006 (the most recent year available) shows significant discrepancies between the HIPE and vascular database figures for St James's hospital. The HIPE and database figures respectively for; open aneurysm 13/30 (-50%), endovascular aneurysm 39/31 (+25%), carotid 62/48 (+29%), angioplasty 242/111 (+100%) and bypass 24/10 (+100%) These inaccuracies are likely to be magnified on a regional and national level when pooling data.
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O’Brien G, Martin Z, Haider N, Colgan M, O’Neill S, Moore D, Madhavan P. An analysis of vascular surgery in elderly patients to determine whether age affects treatment strategy. Ir J Med Sci 2011; 181:73-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-011-0779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Haider N, Wilkinson MJ. A set of plastid DNA-specific universal primers for flowering plants. Genetika 2011; 47:1204-1215. [PMID: 22117405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
MatKand rbcL are recommended as the official barcode loci for higher plants but there remains a need for additional universal markers. We generated a series of 84 new universal primers targeting 42 plastid loci that all yielded single amplicons when applied to DNA templates from 19 diverse higher plant families. Marker utility ultimately depends on sequence variability, with rapidly evolving loci being useful for barcoding or biogeographic applications and more conserved loci being better suited to deep phylogeny reconstruction. Whereas excessive size variation is undesirable for many applications, modest size variability caused by indels and the sequence variation frequently associated with indels are highly desirable. We therefore performed a quick screen of the markers for size and sequence variation using pooled DNA templates from 96 taxonomically diverse species. All markers produced little or no size variation (consistent with the presence of minor indels). The seven regions exhibiting most size variation in pooled (rpl23&rpl2.1, 16S, 23S, 4.5S&5S, petB&D, and rpl2, rpoCl and trnK introns) were then amplified for all species individually, confirming the pooled template results. When the most variable loci (introns of trnK and rpoC1) were sequenced for all 96 species, a high level of sequence variation (nucleotide substitutions and indels) was observed among congeneric species groups for both loci. Both markers therefore have potential as supplementary barcode markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
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Khan S, Epstein J, Olival K, Hassan M, Hossain M, Rahman K, Elahi M, Mamun M, Haider N, Yasin G, Desmond J. Hematology and serum chemistry reference values of stray dogs in Bangladesh. Open Vet J 2011; 1:13-20. [PMID: 26623274 PMCID: PMC4655752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematology and serum chemistry values were obtained from 28 male and 22 female stray dogs in Chittagong Metropolitan area, Bangladesh. The goal of the study was to establish reference value for hematology and serum chemistry for these semi wild animals in relation to age, sex, reproductive stage and body condition. No significant differences were found for mean values of hemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell, differential leukocyte count, total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, phosphorus and potassium among or between sexes, ages, reproductive states or body conditions. Significant differences were noted for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p<0.02) between sexes. Among different age groups significant differences were found for total red blood cell count (p<0.001). Different body conditions have significant differences in red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.001). Pregnant and non-pregnant females differed significantly in their red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Khan
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- EcoHealth Alliance (formerly Wildlife Trust), New York, USA
| | - J.H. Epstein
- EcoHealth Alliance (formerly Wildlife Trust), New York, USA
| | - K.J. Olival
- EcoHealth Alliance (formerly Wildlife Trust), New York, USA
| | - M.M. Hassan
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M.B. Hossain
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - K.B.M.A. Rahman
- Food and Agricultural Organization- AI Technical unit, DLS, Bangladesh
| | - M.F. Elahi
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M.A. Mamun
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - N. Haider
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - G. Yasin
- Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - J. Desmond
- EcoHealth Alliance (formerly Wildlife Trust), New York, USA
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MirAli N, Al-Odat M, Haider N, Nabulsi I. The genus Crataegus L.: an ecological and molecular study. Genetika 2011; 47:32-40. [PMID: 21443158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at the indentification of the species and genotypes of the genus Crataegus in Syria and determination of the genetic relationships among them based on the analysis of genomic and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) using ISSRs and CAPS techniques. Morphological characterization carried out on 49 Crataegus samples collected from different geographical regions of Syria revealed four Crataegus species: C. monogyna, C. sinaica, C. aronia and C. azarolus. In the dendrogram constructed for those samples based on ISSRs (20 primers), all samples that belong to C. monogyna were clustered in one cluster. Samples of the other three species were overlaped in another cluster. Two samples of these were the most distant from all other samples in the dendrogram and were suggested to represent hybrid species or subspecies. When CAPS technique was applied on four Crataegus samples that represent the four suggested species using 22 cpDNA regions and 90 endonucleases, no polymorphism was detected neither in amplification products sizes nor in restriction profiles. The inability of detection of variation in cpDNA among species suggested can be attributed to the low level of evolution of the cpDNA in the genus, and to the possibility that some of these species are either subspecies or hybrids since the cpDNA is inherited through one parent only.
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Affiliation(s)
- N MirAli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology AECS, Damascus, Syria
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Khan S, No author NA, No author NA, Epstein J, Olival K, Hassan M, Hossain M, Rahman K, Elahi M, Mamun M, Haider N, Desmond G. Hematology and serum chemistry reference values of stray dogs in Bangladesh. Open Vet J 2011. [DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2011.v1.i0.p13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematology and serum chemistry values were obtained from 28 male and 22 female stray dogs in Chittagong Metropolitan area, Bangladesh. The goal of the study was to establish reference value for hematology and serum chemistry for these semi wild animals in relation to age, sex, reproductive stage and body condition. No significant differences were found for mean values of hemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell, differential leukocyte count, total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, phosphorus and potassium among or between sexes, ages, reproductive states or body conditions. Significant differences were noted for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p<0.02) between sexes. Among different age groups significant differences were found for total red blood cell count (p<0.001). Different body conditions have significant differences in red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.001). Pregnant and non-pregnant females differed significantly in their red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.001).
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Haider N, Nabulsi I, Kamary Y. Identification of Orchidaceae species from Northern West of Syria based on chloroplast DNA. Genetika 2010; 46:1067-1078. [PMID: 20873203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The plant family Orchidaceae has a great economic value (ornamental and medical uses, beside the aromatic features). Traditionally, identification of orchid species has relied heavily on morphological features. These features, however, are either not variable enough between species or too plastic to be used for identification at the species level. DNA-based markers could be the alternative strategy towards an accurate and robust identification of those species. Since the chloroplast DNA has a lower level of evolution compared to the nuclear genome, an attempt was made in this study to investigate polymorphism in the chloroplast DNA among orchid species distributed in North-West region of Syria using Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) technique for developing markers for the diagnosis of targeted species. CAPS analysis was carried out on 34 orchid samples that represent all species observed in the region. Universal primers were used to amplify targeted chloroplast regions. Generated PCR products were digested with various restriction enzymes. CAPS results revealed high polymorphism among species examined. This polymorphism was suffiecient for the diagnosis of all of those species apart from five species (Ophrys fuciflora (one sample), Oph. bornmuelleri, Ophrys sp., Oph. scolopax and Oph. argolica). Availability of such species-specific markers would ensure more authentic identification of orchid species compared to morphological characters and can be regarded as a valuable tool to guide in conservation programs of orchid species in Syria. CAPS data generated were converted to an identification key for orchid species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Haider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
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Crosbie IM, Manning B, Haider N, Colgan M, Madhavan P, Moore D, O'Neill S. PP68. Comparison of Duplex Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Measuring SAC Size in Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair. J Vasc Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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