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Neves MP, Amorim JPDA, Delariva RL, Kratina P, Fialho CB. Linking anatomical and histological traits of the digestive tract to resource consumption and assimilation of omnivorous tetra fishes. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11375. [PMID: 38706933 PMCID: PMC11066418 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the interplay between digestive tract traits, food intake, and assimilation in omnivorous tetra fishes (Psalidodon bifasciatus, P. aff. gymnodontus, and Bryconamericus ikaa) from the Iguaçu River basin, an ecologically significant region known for high endemism. We hypothesize that variations in digestive tracts across species would be associated with differences in diet, isotopic composition in fish tissues, and overall diet assimilation. To test this, we employed stereoscopic and light microscopy to characterize the gross anatomy, histomorphology, and histochemistry of fish digestive tracts. Additionally, we used stomach content and stable isotope analyses to trace fish diets. While these tetra fishes shared histological structures, disparities were noted in anatomical digestive traits and diet preferences. The smallest species, B. ikaa, with a shorter intestine, had fewer pyloric caeca and primarily consumed animal-based diets. Conversely, P. bifasciatus and P. aff. gymnodontus, with longer intestines, displayed numerous pyloric caeca and consumed a balanced mix of animal and plant items. Despite anatomical and dietary differences, all three species predominantly assimilated animal-origin food. The tetra fishes had histological variations among digestive tract segments, with the esophagus having the thickest muscular layer, gradually thinning towards the posterior intestine. The final portion of the intestine exhibited a significant expansion in the lumen perimeter, while the esophagus had the smallest lumen area. Goblet cells were most concentrated in the posterior intestine for all species. The gross anatomy of these tetra fishes aligns with their omnivorous habit, while diet assimilation was dominated by animal-origin food. These findings provide crucial insights into the structural and tissue characteristics of their digestive systems, laying the groundwork for deeper exploration into the physiological aspects of their digestive tracts and enhancing our understanding of their feeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Pereira Neves
- Department of BiosciencesRice UniversityHoustonTexasUSA
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - João Paulo de Arruda Amorim
- Laboratório de Biologia Tecidual e da ReproduçãoUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da SaúdeCascavelPRBrazil
| | - Rosilene Luciana Delariva
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Ecologia e BiomonitoramentoUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da SaúdeCascavelPRBrazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Clarice Bernhardt Fialho
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil
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2
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Nash LN, Kratina P, Recalde FC, Jones JI, Izzo T, Romero GQ. Tropical and temperate differences in the trophic structure and aquatic prey use of riparian predators. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:2122-2134. [PMID: 37807844 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The influence of aquatic resource-inputs on terrestrial communities is poorly understood, particularly in the tropics. We used stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen to trace aquatic prey use and quantify the impact on trophic structure in 240 riparian arthropod communities in tropical and temperate forests. Riparian predators consumed more aquatic prey and were more trophically diverse in the tropics than temperate regions, indicating tropical riparian communities are both more reliant on and impacted by aquatic resources than temperate communities. This suggests they are more vulnerable to disruption of aquatic-terrestrial linkages. Although aquatic resource use declined strongly with distance from water, we observed no correlated change in trophic structure, suggesting trophic flexibility to changing resource availability within riparian predator communities in both tropical and temperate regions. Our findings highlight the importance of aquatic resources for riparian communities, especially in the tropics, but suggest distance from water is less important than resource diversity in maintaining terrestrial trophic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam N Nash
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fátima C Recalde
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - John Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Thiago Izzo
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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3
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Martínez Rodríguez A, Marchant DJ, Francelle P, Kratina P, Jones JI. Nutrient enrichment mediates the effect of biodegradable and conventional microplastics on macroinvertebrate communities. Environ Pollut 2023; 337:122511. [PMID: 37689134 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern regarding the lack of evidence on the effects bioplastics may have on natural ecosystems, whilst their production continues to increase as they are considered as a greener alternative to conventional plastics. Most research is limited to investigations of the response of individual taxa under laboratory conditions, with few experiments undertaken at the community or ecosystem scale, either investigating microplastics independently or in combination with other pollutants, such as nutrient enrichment. The aim of this study is to experimentally compare the effects of oil-based (high density polyethylene - HDPE) with those of bio-based biodegradable (polylactic acid - PLA) microplastics and their interaction with nutrient enrichment on freshwater macroinvertebrate communities under seminatural conditions. There were no significant differences in total abundance, alpha and beta diversities, or community composition attributable to the type of microplastics, their concentration, or nutrient enrichment compared with the control. However, there was a significant difference in macroinvertebrate alpha diversity between high concentrations of both microplastic types under ambient nutrient conditions, with lower diversity in communities exposed to HDPE compared with PLA. Nutrient enrichment mediated the effect of microplastic type, such that the diversity of macroinvertebrate communities exposed to HDPE were similar to those communities exposed to PLA. These findings suggest that the effects of microplastic pollution on macroinvertebrate communities are very weak at large-scale settings under seminatural conditions and that these effects might be mediated by the nutrient status of freshwater ecosystems. More research under large-scale, long-term, seminatural settings are needed in order to elucidate the impact of both conventional plastics and bioplastics on natural environments and their interactive effect with other occurring stressors and pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martínez Rodríguez
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Danielle J Marchant
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Pascaline Francelle
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - J Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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4
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Vad CF, Hanny-Endrédi A, Kratina P, Abonyi A, Mironova E, Murray DS, Samchyshyna L, Tsakalakis I, Smeti E, Spatharis S, Tan H, Preiler C, Petrusek A, Bengtsson MM, Ptacnik R. Spatial insurance against a heatwave differs between trophic levels in experimental aquatic communities. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:3054-3071. [PMID: 36946870 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-related heatwaves are major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms governing community resistance to and recovery from extreme temperature events is still rudimentary. The spatial insurance hypothesis postulates that diverse regional species pools can buffer ecosystem functioning against local disturbances through the immigration of better-adapted taxa. Yet, experimental evidence for such predictions from multi-trophic communities and pulse-type disturbances, like heatwaves, is largely missing. We performed an experimental mesocosm study to test whether species dispersal from natural lakes prior to a simulated heatwave could increase the resistance and recovery of plankton communities. As the buffering effect of dispersal may differ among trophic groups, we independently manipulated the dispersal of organisms from lower (phytoplankton) and higher (zooplankton) trophic levels. The experimental heatwave suppressed total community biomass by having a strong negative effect on zooplankton biomass, probably due to a heat-induced increase in metabolic costs, resulting in weaker top-down control on phytoplankton. While zooplankton dispersal did not alleviate the negative heatwave effects on zooplankton biomass, phytoplankton dispersal enhanced biomass recovery at the level of primary producers, providing partial evidence for spatial insurance. The differential responses to dispersal may be linked to the much larger regional species pool of phytoplankton than of zooplankton. Our results suggest high recovery capacity of community biomass independent of dispersal. However, community composition and trophic structure remained altered due to the heatwave, implying longer-lasting changes in ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba F Vad
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Hanny-Endrédi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - András Abonyi
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ekaterina Mironova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - David S Murray
- Collaborative Centre for Sustainable Use of the Seas (CCSUS), School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
- The Centre for Environmental, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Suffolk, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Larysa Samchyshyna
- Institute of Fisheries, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Fisheries and Marine Ecology, Berdiansk, Ukraine
| | - Ioannis Tsakalakis
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Evangelia Smeti
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavissos, Greece
| | - Sofie Spatharis
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hanrong Tan
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Adam Petrusek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mia M Bengtsson
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Ptacnik
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
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5
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Marchant DJ, Martínez Rodríguez A, Francelle P, Jones JI, Kratina P. Contrasting the effects of microplastic types, concentrations and nutrient enrichment on freshwater communities and ecosystem functioning. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 255:114834. [PMID: 36989946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are now ubiquitous in freshwater environments. As most previous research has focused on species-specific effects of microplastics under controlled laboratory conditions, little is known about the impact of microplastics at higher levels of ecological organisation, such as freshwater communities and their associated ecosystem functions. To fill this knowledge gap, an outdoor experiment using 40 freshwater mesocosms, each 1.57 m3, was used to determine the effects of (i) microplastic type: traditional oil-based high-density polyethylene versus bio-based biodegradable polylactic acid, (ii) concentration of microplastic particles and (iii) nutrient enrichment. The two concentrations of microplastics used were equivalent to measured environmentally occurring concentrations and concentrations known to cause toxicological effects under laboratory conditions. Freshwater communities are also at increasing risk from nutrient enrichment, which can alter community composition in favour of competitively dominant taxa. The independent and interactive effects of these treatments on pelagic community structure (phytoplankton standing stock, taxonomic richness, and composition) and ecosystem functioning (periphyton productivity and leaf litter decomposition) were assessed. Taxonomic richness and community composition were not affected by exposure to the experimental treatments and there were no significant treatment effects on phytoplankton standing stock, periphyton productivity, total or microbial leaf litter decomposition. Overall, multiple microplastic exposures, crossed with nutrient addition had little impact on the structure and functioning of semi-natural freshwater ecosystems. These findings indicate that the negative impacts of microplastics predicted from species-specific studies may not be readily realised at the ecosystem scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Marchant
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Ana Martínez Rodríguez
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Pascaline Francelle
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - John Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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6
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Moi DA, Barrios M, Tesitore G, Burwood M, Romero GQ, Mormul RP, Kratina P, Juen L, Michelan TS, Montag LFA, Cruz GM, García-Girón J, Heino J, Hughes RM, Figueiredo BRS, Teixeira de Mello F. Human land-uses homogenize stream assemblages and reduce animal biomass production. J Anim Ecol 2023. [PMID: 36994670 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
1. Human land-use change is a major threat to natural ecosystems worldwide. Nonetheless, the effects of human land-uses on the structure of plant and animal assemblages and their functional characteristics need to be better understood. Furthermore, the pathways by which human land uses affect ecosystem functions, such as biomass production, still need to be clarified. 2. We compiled a unique dataset of fish, arthropod and macrophyte assemblages from 61 stream ecosystems in two Neotropical biomes: Amazonian rainforest and Uruguayan grasslands. We then tested how the cover of agriculture, pasture, urbanization and afforestation affected the taxonomic richness and functional diversity of those three species assemblages, and the consequences of these effects for animal biomass production. Single trait categories and functional diversity were evaluated, combining recruitment and life-history, resource and habitat-use, and body size. 3.The effects of intensive human land-uses on taxonomic and functional diversities were as strong as other drivers known to affect biodiversity, such as local climate and environmental factors. In both biomes, the taxonomic richness and functional diversity of animal and macrophyte assemblages decreased with increasing cover of agriculture, pasture, and urbanization. Human land-uses were associated with functional homogenization of both animal and macrophyte assemblages. Human land-uses reduced animal biomass through direct and indirect pathways mediated by declines in taxonomic and functional diversities. 4. Our findings indicate that converting natural ecosystems to supply human demands results in species loss and trait homogenization across multiple biotic assemblages, ultimately reducing animal biomass production in streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieison A Moi
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Margenny Barrios
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Giancarlo Tesitore
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Maite Burwood
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Roger P Mormul
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Leandro Juen
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia - Universidade Federal do Pará/Embrapa, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation (LABECO), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Bernardo Saião, Guamá, Belém, PA, 68625-150, Brazil
| | - Thaísa S Michelan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia - Universidade Federal do Pará/Embrapa, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation (LABECO), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Bernardo Saião, Guamá, Belém, PA, 68625-150, Brazil
| | - Luciano F A Montag
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia - Universidade Federal do Pará/Embrapa, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation (LABECO), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Bernardo Saião, Guamá, Belém, PA, 68625-150, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M Cruz
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation (LABECO), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Bernardo Saião, Guamá, Belém, PA, 68625-150, Brazil
| | - Jorge García-Girón
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management, University of León, Campus de Vegazana, 24007, León, Spain
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert M Hughes
- Amnis Opes Institute, 2895 SE Glenn, Corvallis, Oregon, 97333, USA
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, & Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Bruno R S Figueiredo
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
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7
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Kemp VA, Grey J, Hemprich‐Bennett D, Rossiter SJ, Lewis OT, Wilkinson CL, Clare EL, Kratina P. Changes in trophic ecology of mobile predators in response to rainforest degradation. J Appl Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Kemp
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Grey
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
- Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster United Kingdom
| | - David Hemprich‐Bennett
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
- Department of Biology University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Rossiter
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
| | - Owen T. Lewis
- Department of Biology University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Clare L. Wilkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore 16 Science Drive 4 Singapore Singapore
| | - Elizabeth L. Clare
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
- Department of Biology York University 4700 Keele Streer Toronto Canada
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
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8
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Progênio M, Antiqueira PAP, Oliveira FR, Meira BR, Lansac‐Tôha FM, Rodrigues LC, Romero GQ, Nash LN, Kratina P, Velho LFM. Effects of warming on the structure of aquatic communities in tropical bromeliad microecosystems. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9824. [PMID: 36844665 PMCID: PMC9944163 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshwaters are among the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate warming, with projected temperature increases over the coming decades leading to significant losses of aquatic biodiversity. Experimental studies that directly warm entire natural ecosystems in the tropics are needed, for understanding the disturbances on aquatic communities. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to test the impacts of predicted future warming on density, alpha diversity, and beta diversity of freshwater aquatic communities, inhabiting natural microecosystems-Neotropical tank bromeliads. Aquatic communities within the tanks bromeliads were experimentally exposed to warming, with temperatures ranging from 23.58 to 31.72°C. Linear regression analysis was used to test the impacts of warming. Next, distance-based redundancy analysis was performed to assess how warming might alter total beta diversity and its components. This experiment was conducted across a gradient of habitat size (bromeliad water volume) and availability of detrital basal resources. A combination of the highest detritus biomass and higher experimental temperatures resulted in the greatest density of flagellates. However, the density of flagellates declined in bromeliads with higher water volume and lower detritus biomass. Moreover, the combination of the highest water volume and high temperature reduced density of copepods. Finally, warming changed microfauna species composition, mostly through species substitution (β repl component of total beta-diversity). These findings indicate that warming strongly structures freshwater communities by reducing or increasing densities of different aquatic communities groups. It also enhances beta-diversity, and many of these effects are modulated by habitat size or detrital resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Progênio
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil
| | - Pablo A. P. Antiqueira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia (IB)Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Felipe R. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil
| | - Bianca R. Meira
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil,Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e AmbienteUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP)Ouro PretoMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Fernando M. Lansac‐Tôha
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil
| | - Luzia C. Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e AquiculturaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia (IB)Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Liam N. Nash
- School of Biological and Behavioural SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Luiz F. M. Velho
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos ContinentaisUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e AquiculturaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil
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9
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Moi DA, Lansac-Tôha FM, Romero GQ, Sobral-Souza T, Cardinale BJ, Kratina P, Perkins DM, Teixeira de Mello F, Jeppesen E, Heino J, Lansac-Tôha FA, Velho LFM, Mormul RP. Human pressure drives biodiversity-multifunctionality relationships in large Neotropical wetlands. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1279-1289. [PMID: 35927315 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01827-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that biodiversity regulates multiple ecological functions that are needed to maintain the productivity of a variety of ecosystem types. What is unknown is how human activities may alter the 'multifunctionality' of ecosystems through both direct impacts on ecosystems and indirect effects mediated by the loss of multifaceted biodiversity. Using an extensive database of 72 lakes spanning four large Neotropical wetlands in Brazil, we demonstrate that species richness and functional diversity across multiple larger (fish and macrophytes) and smaller (microcrustaceans, rotifers, protists and phytoplankton) groups of aquatic organisms are positively associated with ecosystem multifunctionality. Whereas the positive association between smaller organisms and multifunctionality broke down with increasing human pressure, this positive relationship was maintained for larger organisms despite the increase in human pressure. Human pressure impacted multifunctionality both directly and indirectly through reducing species richness and functional diversity of multiple organismal groups. These findings provide further empirical evidence about the importance of aquatic biodiversity for maintaining wetland multifunctionality. Despite the key role of biodiversity, human pressure reduces the diversity of multiple groups of aquatic organisms, eroding their positive impacts on a suite of ecological functions that sustain wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieison A Moi
- Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Fernando M Lansac-Tôha
- Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thadeu Sobral-Souza
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Bradley J Cardinale
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Daniel M Perkins
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, Whitelands College, London, UK
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience and WATEC, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China.,Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli-Mersin, Turkey
| | - Jani Heino
- Freshwater Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fábio A Lansac-Tôha
- Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.,Research Centre in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (NUPÉLIA), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Luiz F M Velho
- Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.,Research Centre in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (NUPÉLIA), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.,UniCesumar/ICETI, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Roger P Mormul
- Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.,Research Centre in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (NUPÉLIA), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
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10
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Romero GQ, Gonçalves-Souza T, Roslin T, Marquis RJ, Marino NAC, Novotny V, Cornelissen T, Orivel J, Sui S, Aires G, Antoniazzi R, Dáttilo W, Breviglieri CPB, Busse A, Gibb H, Izzo TJ, Kadlec T, Kemp V, Kersch-Becker M, Knapp M, Kratina P, Luke R, Majnarić S, Maritz R, Mateus Martins P, Mendesil E, Michalko J, Mrazova A, Novais S, Pereira CC, Perić MS, Petermann JS, Ribeiro SP, Sam K, Trzcinski MK, Vieira C, Westwood N, Bernaschini ML, Carvajal V, González E, Jausoro M, Kaensin S, Ospina F, Cristóbal-Pérez EJ, Quesada M, Rogy P, Srivastava DS, Szpryngiel S, Tack AJM, Teder T, Videla M, Viljur ML, Koricheva J. Climate variability and aridity modulate the role of leaf shelters for arthropods: A global experiment. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3694-3710. [PMID: 35243726 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current climate change is disrupting biotic interactions and eroding biodiversity worldwide. However, species sensitive to aridity, high temperatures, and climate variability might find shelter in microclimatic refuges, such as leaf rolls built by arthropods. To explore how the importance of leaf shelters for terrestrial arthropods changes with latitude, elevation, and climate, we conducted a distributed experiment comparing arthropods in leaf rolls versus control leaves across 52 sites along an 11,790 km latitudinal gradient. We then probed the impact of short- versus long-term climatic impacts on roll use, by comparing the relative impact of conditions during the experiment versus average, baseline conditions at the site. Leaf shelters supported larger organisms and higher arthropod biomass and species diversity than non-rolled control leaves. However, the magnitude of the leaf rolls' effect differed between long- and short-term climate conditions, metrics (species richness, biomass, and body size), and trophic groups (predators vs. herbivores). The effect of leaf rolls on predator richness was influenced only by baseline climate, increasing in magnitude in regions experiencing increased long-term aridity, regardless of latitude, elevation, and weather during the experiment. This suggests that shelter use by predators may be innate, and thus, driven by natural selection. In contrast, the effect of leaf rolls on predator biomass and predator body size decreased with increasing temperature, and increased with increasing precipitation, respectively, during the experiment. The magnitude of shelter usage by herbivores increased with the abundance of predators and decreased with increasing temperature during the experiment. Taken together, these results highlight that leaf roll use may have both proximal and ultimate causes. Projected increases in climate variability and aridity are, therefore, likely to increase the importance of biotic refugia in mitigating the effects of climate change on species persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gonçalves-Souza
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert J Marquis
- Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicholas A C Marino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Cornelissen
- Centre for Ecological Synthesis and Conservation, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jerome Orivel
- CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Campus agronomique, Kourou cedex, France
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Nagada Harbour, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Gustavo Aires
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Reuber Antoniazzi
- Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas, USA
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Crasso P B Breviglieri
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Annika Busse
- Department of Nature Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
| | - Heloise Gibb
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thiago J Izzo
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brasil
| | - Tomas Kadlec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Monica Kersch-Becker
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michal Knapp
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Luke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Stefan Majnarić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robin Maritz
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Paulo Mateus Martins
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) [Federal Rural University of Pernambuco], Recife, Brazil
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Esayas Mendesil
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Jaroslav Michalko
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
- Mlynany Arboretum, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Mrazova
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Novais
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Cássio C Pereira
- Centre for Ecological Synthesis and Conservation, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mirela S Perić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sérvio P Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ecoehalth, Ecology of Canopy Insects and Natural Succession, NUPEB-Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Katerina Sam
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - M Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Camila Vieira
- Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalie Westwood
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maria L Bernaschini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valentina Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Ecologia, Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas Tropicales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Ezequiel González
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Environmental Science, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Mariana Jausoro
- Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Chilecito, Spain
| | - Stanis Kaensin
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Nagada Harbour, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Fabiola Ospina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - E Jacob Cristóbal-Pérez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Mauricio Quesada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Pierre Rogy
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scarlett Szpryngiel
- Department of Zoology, The Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ayco J M Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiit Teder
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Videla
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mari-Liis Viljur
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany
| | - Julia Koricheva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
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11
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Srivastava DS, MacDonald AAM, Pillar VD, Kratina P, Debastiani VJ, Guzman LM, Trzcinski MK, Dézerald O, Barberis IM, de Omena PM, Romero GQ, Ospina Bautista F, Marino NAC, Leroy C, Farjalla VF, Richardson BA, Gonçalves AZ, Corbara B, Petermann JS, Richardson MJ, Melnychuk MC, Jocqué M, Ngai JT, Talaga S, Piccoli GCO, Montero G, Kirby KR, Starzomski BM, Céréghino R. Geographical variation in the trait‐based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane S. Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - A. Andrew M. MacDonald
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Montpellier, France the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Valério D. Pillar
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Vanderlei J. Debastiani
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Laura Melissa Guzman
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Olivier Dézerald
- EcoFoG, Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS UMR 8172 Kourou France
- ESE, Ecology and Ecosystems Health, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, 35042 Rennes France
| | - Ignacio M. Barberis
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Paula M. de Omena
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Pará Belém PA Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Fabiola Ospina Bautista
- Department of Biological Sciences Andes University Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia
| | - Nicholas A. C. Marino
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Céline Leroy
- AMAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France
- ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université de Guyane, Université des Kourou France
| | - Vinicius F. Farjalla
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Barbara A. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | - Ana Z. Gonçalves
- Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruno Corbara
- Laboratoire Microorganismes, Génome et Environnement Université Clermont Auvergne Aubière France
| | | | - Michael J. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | | | - Merlijn Jocqué
- Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Jacqueline T. Ngai
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Stanislas Talaga
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Unité d’Entomologie Médicale Cayenne France
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Gustavo C. O. Piccoli
- Department of Zoology and Botany University of São Paulo State São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Guillermo Montero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Kathryn R. Kirby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | | | - Régis Céréghino
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
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12
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Marsh JE, Lauridsen RB, Gregory SD, Kratina P, Scott LJ, Cooling D, Jones JI. High summer macrophyte cover increases abundance, growth, and feeding of juvenile Atlantic salmon. Ecol Appl 2022; 32:e2492. [PMID: 34773666 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic habitats are severely threatened by human activities. For anadromous species, managing freshwater habitats to maximize production of more, larger juveniles could improve resilience to threats in marine habitats and enhance population viability. In some juvenile salmonid habitats, complexity created by large substrates provides resources and reduces competitive interactions, thereby promoting juvenile production. In lowland rivers, which lack large substrates, aquatic plants might provide similar complexity and enhance fish productivity. To test the influence of aquatic plants on juvenile Atlantic salmon and sympatric brown trout in a lowland river, we directly manipulated the cover of the dominant macrophyte, Ranunculus, in nine sites during summer and autumn for two years. We quantified the abundance, site retention and growth of salmon and trout under high, medium or low Ranunculus cover. To investigate the effects of Ranunculus cover on feeding opportunities and interspecific competition, we quantified available prey biomass and body size, fish diet composition and compared dietary niche overlap. Experimentally increased Ranunculus cover supported higher salmon abundance in summer and autumn, and higher site retention and growth of salmon in summer. Trout abundance and growth were not influenced by Ranunculus cover, but trout site retention doubled in high, relative to low, cover sites. Despite the weak effects of Ranunculus cover on prey availability, salmon and trout inhabiting high cover sites consumed larger prey and a higher biomass of prey. Furthermore, dietary niche overlap was lower in high, relative to low, cover sites, suggesting that abundant Ranunculus reduced interspecific competition. This field experiment shows that high Ranunculus cover can support more and better growing juvenile salmon, and facilitate foraging and co-existence of sympatric salmonid species. Maintaining or enhancing natural macrophyte cover can be achieved through sympathetic in-river and riparian vegetation management and mitigating pressures on them, such as sediment inputs and low flows, or through planting. Further research should test whether macrophyte cover benefits propagate to subsequent life stages, particularly juvenile overwintering associated with high mortality. This knowledge, in combination with our findings, would further clarify whether beneficial juvenile habitat can improve the viability of at-risk salmonid populations. Overall, our findings suggest that the aims of river restoration might be achieved through promotion of in-stream aquatic vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Marsh
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- The River Laboratory, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 6BB, UK
| | - Rasmus B Lauridsen
- The River Laboratory, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 6BB, UK
| | - Stephen D Gregory
- The River Laboratory, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 6BB, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Luke J Scott
- The River Laboratory, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 6BB, UK
| | - Dave Cooling
- The River Laboratory, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 6BB, UK
| | - John Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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13
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Pereira CC, Novais S, Barbosa M, Negreiros D, Gonçalves‐Souza T, Roslin T, Marquis R, Marino N, Novotny V, Orivel J, Sui S, Aires G, Antoniazzi R, Dáttilo W, Breviglieri C, Busse A, Gibb H, Izzo T, Kadlec T, Kemp V, Kersch‐Becker M, Knapp M, Kratina P, Luke R, Majnarić S, Maritz R, Martins PM, Mendesil E, Michalko J, Mrazova A, Perić MS, Petermann J, Ribeiro S, Sam K, Trzcinski MK, Vieira C, Westwood N, Bernaschini M, Carvajal V, González E, Jausoro M, Kaensin S, Ospina F, Pérez JC, Quesada M, Rogy P, Srivastava DS, Szpryngiel S, Tack AJM, Teder T, Videla M, Viljur M, Koricheva J, Fernandes GW, Romero GQ, Cornelissen T. Subtle structures with not‐so‐subtle functions: A data set of arthropod constructs and their host plants. Ecology 2022; 103:e3639. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Cardoso Pereira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Samuel Novais
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya. , Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Milton Barbosa
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Daniel Negreiros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Thiago Gonçalves‐Souza
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Robert Marquis
- Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center and Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard St. Louis Missouri US
| | - Nicholas Marino
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Jerome Orivel
- CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRA Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Campus agronomique BP Kourou cedex France
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Nagada Harbour Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Gustavo Aires
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
| | - Reuber Antoniazzi
- Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Stephen F. Austin State University, 419 East College St. Nacogdoches Texas US
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología Instituto de Ecología A.C CP Veracruz Mexico
| | - Crasso Breviglieri
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083‐862, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Annika Busse
- Bavarian Forest National Park Department of Nature Conservation and Research, Freyunger Str. 2 Grafenau Germany
| | - Heloise Gibb
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Thiago Izzo
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Montana Brazil
| | - Tomas Kadlec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road London UK
| | | | - Michal Knapp
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road London UK
| | - Rebecca Luke
- Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK
| | - Stefan Majnarić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Robin Maritz
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville South Africa
| | - Paulo Mateus Martins
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 50710‐000, Recife‐PE, Brazil; and Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Esayas Mendesil
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences Jimma University, P.O. Box 307 Jimma Ethiopia
| | - Jaroslav Michalko
- The Biofood Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; and Mlynany Arboretum Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vieska nad Zitavou 178, 951 52 Slepcany Slovakia
| | - Anna Mrazova
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Mirela Sertić Perić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Jana Petermann
- Department of Biosciences University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34 Salzburg Austria
| | - Sérvio Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ecohealth, Ecology of Canopy Insects and Natural Succession, Nupeb‐Ufop Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro Ouro Preto Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Katerina Sam
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia, 3041 ‐ 2424 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Camila Vieira
- Pós‐graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Natalie Westwood
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Maria Bernaschini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611‐(X5016GCA), Córdoba Argentina
| | - Valentina Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Ecologia, Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas Tropicales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 # 26‐10 Manizales Colombia
| | - Ezequiel González
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Mariana Jausoro
- Departamento de Ciencias Basicas Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Ruta Los Peregrinos s7n CP Chilecito Argentina
| | - Stanis Kaensin
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Nagada Harbour Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Fabiola Ospina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 # Manizales Colombia
| | - Jacob Cristóbal Pérez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Mauricio Quesada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Pierre Rogy
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Diane S. Srivastava
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Scarlett Szpryngiel
- Department of Zoology The Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ayco J. M. Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tiit Teder
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46 Tartu Estonia
| | - Martin Videla
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611‐(X5016GCA), Córdoba Argentina
| | - Mari‐Liis Viljur
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Glashüttenstraße 5, 96181 Rauhenebrach, Germany; and Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46 Tartu Estonia
| | - Julia Koricheva
- Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK
| | - G. Wilson Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083‐862, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tatiana Cornelissen
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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14
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Kratina P, Rosenbaum B, Gallo B, Horas EL, O’Gorman EJ. The Combined Effects of Warming and Body Size on the Stability of Predator-Prey Interactions. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.772078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental temperature and body size are two prominent drivers of predation. Despite the ample evidence of their independent effects, the combined impact of temperature and predator-prey body size ratio on the strength and stability of trophic interactions is not fully understood. We experimentally tested how water temperature alters the functional response and population stability of dragonfly nymphs (Cordulegaster boltonii) feeding on freshwater amphipods (Gammarus pulex) across a gradient of their body size ratios. Attack coefficients were highest for small predators feeding on small prey at low temperatures, but shifted toward the largest predators feeding on larger prey in warmer environments. Handling time appeared to decrease with increasing predator and prey body size in the cold environment, but increase at higher temperatures. These findings indicate interactive effects of temperature and body size on functional responses. There was also a negative effect of warming on the stability of predator and prey populations, but this was counteracted by a larger predator-prey body size ratio at higher temperatures. Here, a greater Hill exponent reduced feeding at low prey densities when predators were much larger than their prey, enhancing the persistence of both predator and prey populations in the warmer environment. These experimental findings provide new mechanistic insights into the destabilizing effect of warming on trophic interactions and the key role of predator-prey body size ratios in mitigating these effects.
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15
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Marchant DJ, Iwan Jones J, Zemelka G, Eyice O, Kratina P. Do microplastics mediate the effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms? Aquat Toxicol 2022; 242:106037. [PMID: 34844050 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous in both marine and freshwater ecosystems, where they can act as a physical contaminant, as well as interact with chemicals present in the environment. It has been suggested that chemical contaminants can sorb to microplastics, such that microplastics act as a vector for chemicals into aquatic biota and enhance their negative effects. It has been repeatedly suggested that the main factors underpinning the binding of chemicals to microplastics are hydrophobic partitioning and the size of microplastic particles. Therefore, we used the hydrophobicity of chemicals, as log Kow, as well as the size of microplastic particles to conduct a quantitative analysis of published results to evaluate the influence of microplastics on chemical toxicity. We collated data from 39 laboratory studies that assessed the effects of microplastics, chemicals and their combination on several ecotoxicological responses of freshwater and marine organisms. Each chemical was assigned the relevant octanol / water partition coefficient (log KOW) as a measure of its hydrophobicity, and the mean size of microplastics particles used in each study was recorded. We found no effect of log KOW or the size of microplastic particles on the interaction between microplastics and chemicals with regards to any of the relevant ecotoxicological responses (behaviour, growth, survival and cellular) considered in this study. These findings are significant in showing that the effect of microplastics on the toxicity of chemicals is more complex than just considering hydrophobicity of chemicals and size of microplastics. We call for more mechanistic experiments to motivate a robust risk assessment and mitigation of microplastic toxicity in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Marchant
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
| | - J Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Zemelka
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Ozge Eyice
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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16
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Moi DA, Romero GQ, Jeppesen E, Kratina P, Alves DC, Antiqueira PAP, Teixeira de Mello F, Figueiredo BRS, Bonecker CC, Pires APF, Braghin LSM, Mormul RP. Regime shifts in a shallow lake over 12 years: consequences for taxonomic and functional diversity, and ecosystem multifunctionality. J Anim Ecol 2021; 91:551-565. [PMID: 34954827 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Under increasing nutrient loading, shallow lakes may shift from a state of clear water dominated by submerged macrophytes to a turbid state dominated by phytoplankton or a shaded state dominated by floating macrophytes. How such regime shifts mediate the relationship between taxonomic and functional diversity and lake multifunctionality is poorly understood. We employed a detailed database describing a shallow lake over a 12-year period during which the lake has displayed all the three states (clear, turbid, and shaded) to investigate how species richness, functional diversity of fish and zooplankton, ecosystem multifunctionality, and five individual ecosystem functions (nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, standing fish biomass, algae production, and light availability) differ among states. We also evaluated how the relationship between biodiversity (species richness and functional diversity) and multifunctionality is affected by regime shifts. We showed that species richness and the functional diversity of fish and zooplankton were highest during the clear state. The clear state also maintained the highest values of multifunctionality as well as standing fish biomass production, algae biomass, and light availability, whereas the turbid and shaded states had higher nutrient concentrations. Functional diversity was the best predictor of multifunctionality. The relationship between functional diversity and multifunctionality was strongly positive during the clear state, but such relationship became flatter after the shift to the turbid or shaded state. Our findings illustrate that focusing on functional traits may provide a more mechanistic understanding of how regime shifts affect biodiversity and the consequences for ecosystem functioning. Regime shifts towards a turbid or shaded state negatively affect the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish and zooplankton, which in turn impairs the multifunctionality of shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieison A Moi
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China.,Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Diego C Alves
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil.,Departamento de Estatística, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Maringa´, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Pablo A P Antiqueira
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Bruno R S Figueiredo
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Bonecker
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Aliny P F Pires
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Louizi S M Braghin
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Roger P Mormul
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
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17
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Hemprich-Bennett DR, Kemp VA, Blackman J, Lewis OT, Struebig MJ, Bernard H, Kratina P, Rossiter SJ, Clare EL. Selective Logging Shows No Impact on the Dietary Breadth of a Generalist Bat Species: The Fawn Leaf-Nosed Bat (Hipposideros cervinus). Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.750269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Logging activities degrade forest habitats across large areas of the tropics, but the impacts on trophic interactions that underpin forest ecosystems are poorly understood. DNA metabarcoding provides an invaluable tool to investigate such interactions, allowing analysis at a far greater scale and resolution than has previously been possible. We analysed the diet of the insectivorous fawn leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros cervinus across a forest disturbance gradient in Borneo, using a dataset of ecological interactions from an unprecedented number of bat-derived faecal samples. Bats predominantly consumed insects from the orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Blattodea, and Coleoptera, and the taxonomic composition of their diet remained relatively consistent across sites regardless of logging disturbance. There was little difference in the richness of prey consumed per-bat in each logging treatment, indicating potential resilience of this species to habitat degradation. In fact, bats consumed a high richness of prey items, and intensive sampling is needed to reliably compare feeding ecology over multiple sites. Multiple bioinformatic parameters were used, to assess how they altered our perception of sampling completeness. While parameter choice altered estimates of completeness, a very high sampling effort was always required to detect the entire prey community.
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18
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Peralta-Maraver I, Stubbington R, Arnon S, Kratina P, Krause S, de Mello Cionek V, Leite NK, da Silva ALL, Thomaz SM, Posselt M, Milner VS, Momblanch A, Moretti MS, Nóbrega RLB, Perkins DM, Petrucio MM, Reche I, Saito V, Sarmento H, Strange E, Taniwaki RH, White J, Alves GHZ, Robertson AL. The riverine bioreactor: An integrative perspective on biological decomposition of organic matter across riverine habitats. Sci Total Environ 2021; 772:145494. [PMID: 33581537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Riverine ecosystems can be conceptualized as 'bioreactors' (the riverine bioreactor) which retain and decompose a wide range of organic substrates. The metabolic performance of the riverine bioreactor is linked to their community structure, the efficiency of energy transfer along food chains, and complex interactions among biotic and abiotic environmental factors. However, our understanding of the mechanistic functioning and capacity of the riverine bioreactor remains limited. We review the state of knowledge and outline major gaps in the understanding of biotic drivers of organic matter decomposition processes that occur in riverine ecosystems, across habitats, temporal dimensions, and latitudes influenced by climate change. We propose a novel, integrative analytical perspective to assess and predict decomposition processes in riverine ecosystems. We then use this model to analyse data to demonstrate that the size-spectra of a community can be used to predict decomposition rates by analysing an illustrative dataset. This modelling methodology allows comparison of the riverine bioreactor's performance across habitats and at a global scale. Our integrative analytical approach can be applied to advance understanding of the functioning and efficiency of the riverine bioreactor as hotspots of metabolic activity. Application of insights gained from such analyses could inform the development of strategies that promote the functioning of the riverine bioreactor across global ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Peralta-Maraver
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, London, UK.
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shai Arnon
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vivian de Mello Cionek
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nei Kavaguichi Leite
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aurea Luiza Lemes da Silva
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Malte Posselt
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Andrea Momblanch
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - Marcelo S Moretti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Ecology, Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo L B Nóbrega
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK
| | | | - Mauricio M Petrucio
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Isabel Reche
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victor Saito
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Department of Hydrobiology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emily Strange
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Hideo Taniwaki
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James White
- River Restoration Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
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19
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Romero GQ, Moi DA, Nash LN, Antiqueira PAP, Mormul RP, Kratina P. Pervasive decline of subtropical aquatic insects over 20 years driven by water transparency, non-native fish and stoichiometric imbalance. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20210137. [PMID: 34102072 PMCID: PMC8187010 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect abundance and diversity are declining worldwide. Although recent research found freshwater insect populations to be increasing in some regions, there is a critical lack of data from tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we examine a 20-year monitoring dataset of freshwater insects from a subtropical floodplain comprising a diverse suite of rivers, shallow lakes, channels and backwaters. We found a pervasive decline in abundance of all major insect orders (Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Megaloptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and Diptera) and families, regardless of their functional role or body size. Similarly, Chironomidae species richness decreased over the same time period. The main drivers of this pervasive insect decline were increased concurrent invasions of non-native insectivorous fish, water transparency and changes to water stoichiometry (i.e. N : P ratios) over time. All these drivers represent human impacts caused by reservoir construction. This work sheds light on the importance of long-term studies for a deeper understanding of human-induced impacts on aquatic insects. We highlight that extended anthropogenic impact monitoring and mitigation actions are pivotal in maintaining freshwater ecosystem integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Dieison A. Moi
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Liam N. Nash
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Pablo A. P. Antiqueira
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Roger P. Mormul
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanrong Tan
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Andrew G. Hirst
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences Nottingham Trent University Southwell UK
- Centre for Ocean Life National Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
| | - David Atkinson
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
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21
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Nash LN, Antiqueira PAP, Romero GQ, de Omena PM, Kratina P. Warming of aquatic ecosystems disrupts aquatic-terrestrial linkages in the tropics. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1623-1634. [PMID: 33955003 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are tightly linked to terrestrial ecosystems by exchanges of resources, which influence species interactions, community dynamics and functioning in both ecosystem types. However, our understanding of how this coupling responds to climate warming is restricted to temperate, boreal and arctic regions, with limited knowledge from tropical ecosystems. We investigated how warming aquatic ecosystems impact cross-ecosystem exchanges in the tropics, through the export of aquatic resources into the terrestrial environment and the breakdown of terrestrial resources within the aquatic environment. We experimentally heated 50 naturally assembled aquatic communities, contained within different-sized tank-bromeliads, to a 23.5-32°C gradient of mean water temperatures. The biomass, abundance and richness of aquatic insects emerging into the terrestrial environment all declined with rising temperatures over a 45-day experiment. Structural equation and linear mixed effects modelling suggested that these impacts were driven by deleterious effects of warming on insect development and survival, rather than being mediated by aquatic predation, nutrient availability or reduced body size. Decomposition was primarily driven by microbial activity. However, total decomposition by both microbes and macroinvertebrates increased with temperature in all but the largest ecosystems, where it decreased. Thus, warming decoupled aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, by reducing the flux of aquatic resources to terrestrial ecosystems but variably enhancing or reducing terrestrial resource breakdown in aquatic ecosystems. In contrast with increased emergence observed in warmed temperate ecosystems, future climate change is likely to reduce connectivity between tropical terrestrial and aquatic habitats, potentially impacting consumers in both ecosystem types. As tropical ectotherms live closer to their thermal tolerance limits compared to temperate species, warming can disrupt cross-ecosystem dynamics in an interconnected tropical landscape and should be considered when investigating ecosystem-level consequences of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam N Nash
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Pablo A P Antiqueira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paula M de Omena
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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22
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Saito VS, Perkins DM, Kratina P. A Metabolic Perspective of Stochastic Community Assembly. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:280-283. [PMID: 33536149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism controls the pace of life, driving major ecological patterns. We propose that the scaling of metabolism with temperature influences neutral processes of community assembly by controlling population dynamics independently of species identities. This perspective provides new insights into the prevalence of niche and neutral processes through universal energetic constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Saito
- Environmental Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos/SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Daniel M Perkins
- Life Sciences Department, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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23
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Wilkinson CL, Chua KWJ, Fiala R, Liew JH, Kemp V, Hadi Fikri A, Ewers RM, Kratina P, Yeo DCJ. Forest conversion to oil palm compresses food chain length in tropical streams. Ecology 2020; 102:e03199. [PMID: 32969053 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In Southeast Asia, biodiversity-rich forests are being extensively logged and converted to oil palm monocultures. Although the impacts of these changes on biodiversity are largely well documented, we know addition to samples we collected in 201 little about how these large-scale impacts affect freshwater trophic ecology. We used stable isotope analyses (SIA) to determine the impacts of land-use changes on the relative contribution of allochthonous and autochthonous basal resources in 19 stream food webs. We also applied compound-specific SIA and bulk-SIA to determine the trophic position of fish apex predators and meso-predators (invertivores and omnivores). There was no difference in the contribution of autochthonous resources in either consumer group (70-82%) among streams with different land-use type. There was no change in trophic position for meso-predators, but trophic position decreased significantly for apex predators in oil palm plantation streams compared to forest streams. This change in maximum food chain length was due to turnover in identity of the apex predator among land-use types. Disruption of aquatic trophic ecology, through reduction in food chain length and shift in basal resources, may cause significant changes in biodiversity as well as ecosystem functions and services. Understanding this change can help develop more focused priorities for mediating the negative impacts of human activities on freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Wilkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Kenny W J Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Roswitha Fiala
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Jia H Liew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Arman Hadi Fikri
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Malaysia
| | - Robert M Ewers
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London-Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Darren C J Yeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore, 117377, Singapore
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24
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Bernhardt JR, Kratina P, Pereira AL, Tamminen M, Thomas MK, Narwani A. The evolution of competitive ability for essential resources. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190247. [PMID: 32200736 PMCID: PMC7133530 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Competition for limiting resources is among the most fundamental ecological interactions and has long been considered a key driver of species coexistence and biodiversity. Species' minimum resource requirements, their R*s, are key traits that link individual physiological demands to the outcome of competition. However, a major question remains unanswered-to what extent are species' competitive traits able to evolve in response to resource limitation? To address this knowledge gap, we performed an evolution experiment in which we exposed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for approximately 285 generations to seven environments in chemostats that differed in resource supply ratios (including nitrogen, phosphorus and light limitation) and salt stress. We then grew the ancestors and descendants in a common garden and quantified their competitive abilities for essential resources. We investigated constraints on trait evolution by testing whether changes in resource requirements for different resources were correlated. Competitive abilities for phosphorus improved in all populations, while competitive abilities for nitrogen and light increased in some populations and decreased in others. In contrast to the common assumption that there are trade-offs between competitive abilities for different resources, we found that improvements in competitive ability for a resource came at no detectable cost. Instead, improvements in competitive ability for multiple resources were either positively correlated or not significantly correlated. Using resource competition theory, we then demonstrated that rapid adaptation in competitive traits altered the predicted outcomes of competition. These results highlight the need to incorporate contemporary evolutionary change into predictions of competitive community dynamics over environmental gradients. This article is part of the theme issue 'Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey R. Bernhardt
- Aquatic Ecology Department, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Aaron Louis Pereira
- Aquatic Ecology Department, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Manu Tamminen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Natura, University Hill, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mridul K. Thomas
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anita Narwani
- Aquatic Ecology Department, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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25
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Kratina P, Watts TJ, Green DS, Kordas RL, O'Gorman EJ. Interactive effects of warming and microplastics on metabolism but not feeding rates of a key freshwater detritivore. Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113259. [PMID: 31563782 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are an emerging pollutant of high concern, with their prevalence in the environment linked to adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. However, our knowledge of these impacts on freshwater species is rudimentary, and there is almost no research directly testing how these effects can change under ongoing and future climate warming. Given the potential for multiple stressors to interact in nature, research on the combined impacts of microplastics and environmental temperature requires urgent attention. Thus, we experimentally manipulated environmentally realistic concentrations of microplastics and temperature to partition their independent and combined impacts on metabolic and feeding rates of a model freshwater detritivore. There was a significant increase in metabolic and feeding rates with increasing body mass and temperature, in line with metabolic and foraging theory. Experimental warming altered the effect of microplastics on metabolic rate, which increased with microplastic concentration at the lowest temperature, but decreased at the higher temperatures. The microplastics had no effect on the amount of litter consumed by the detritivores, therefore, did not result in altered feeding rates. These results show that the metabolism of important freshwater detritivores could be altered by short-term exposure to microplastics, with greater inhibition of metabolic rates at higher temperatures. The consequences of these metabolic changes may take longer to manifest than the duration of our experiments, requiring further investigation. Our results suggest little short-term impact of microplastics on litter breakdown by gammarid amphipods and highlight the importance of environmental context for a better understanding of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Tania J Watts
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Dannielle S Green
- Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB11PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Rebecca L Kordas
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom.
| | - Eoin J O'Gorman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.
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26
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Abstract
In ecological communities, especially the pelagic zones of aquatic ecosystems, certain body-size ranges are often over-represented compared to others. Community size spectra, the distributions of community biomass over the logarithmic body-mass axis, tend to exhibit regularly spaced local maxima, called “domes”, separated by steep troughs. Contrasting established theory, we explain these dome patterns as manifestations of top-down trophic cascades along aquatic food chains. Compiling high quality size-spectrum data and comparing these with a size-spectrum model introduced in this study, we test this theory and develop a detailed picture of the mechanisms by which bottom-up and top-down effects interact to generate dome patterns. Results imply that strong top-down trophic cascades are common in freshwater communities, much more than hitherto demonstrated, and may arise in nutrient rich marine systems as well. Transferring insights from the general theory of non-linear pattern formation to domes patterns, we provide new interpretations of past lake-manipulation experiments. An important question in ecology is how much species at higher trophic levels affect lower levels through top-down cascades. Here the authors show through analyses of pelagic size spectra that such cascades are strong in freshwater systems and can also arise in nutrient rich marine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel G Rossberg
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS, UK. .,Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Pakefield Rd, Lowestoft, NR33 0HT, UK. .,International Initiative for Theoretical Ecology, Unit 10, 317 Essex Road, London, N1 2EE, UK.
| | - Ursula Gaedke
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modeling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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27
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Ladino G, Ospina‐Bautista F, Estévez Varón J, Jerabkova L, Kratina P. Ecosystem services provided by bromeliad plants: A systematic review. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:7360-7372. [PMID: 31380056 PMCID: PMC6662323 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented loss of biological diversity has negative impacts on ecosystems and the associated benefits which they provide to humans. Bromeliads have high diversity throughout the Neotropics, but they have been negatively affected by habitat loss and fragmentation, climate change, invasive species, and commercialization for ornamental purpose. These plants provide direct benefits to the human society, and they also form microecosystems in which accumulated water and nutrients support the communities of aquatic and terrestrial species, thus maintaining local diversity. We performed a systematic review of the contribution of bromeliads to ecosystem services across their native geographical distribution. We showed that bromeliads provide a range of ecosystem services such as maintenance of biodiversity, community structure, nutrient cycling, and the provisioning of food and water. Moreover, bromeliads can regulate the spread of diseases, and water and carbon cycling, and they have the potential to become important sources of chemical and pharmaceutical products. The majority of this research was performed in Brazil, but future research from other Neotropical countries with a high diversity of bromeliads would fill the current knowledge gaps and increase the generality of these findings. This systematic review identified that future research should focus on provisioning, regulating, and cultural services that have been currently overlooked. This would enhance our understanding of how bromeliad diversity contributes to human welfare, and the negative consequences that loss of bromeliad plants can have on communities of other species and the healthy functioning of the entire ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Ladino
- Departamento de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad de CaldasManizalesColombia
| | | | | | | | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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28
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Lewington‐Pearce L, Narwani A, Thomas MK, Kremer CT, Vogler H, Kratina P. Temperature‐dependence of minimum resource requirements alters competitive hierarchies in phytoplankton. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Lewington‐Pearce
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary Univ. of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Anita Narwani
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Inst. of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Mridul K. Thomas
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Technical Univ. of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
| | - Colin T. Kremer
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale Univ New Haven CT USA
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State Univ Hickory Corners MI USA
| | - Helena Vogler
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Inst. of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary Univ. of London London E1 4NS UK
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29
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Pennekamp F, Iles AC, Garland J, Brennan G, Brose U, Gaedke U, Jacob U, Kratina P, Matthews B, Munch S, Novak M, Palamara GM, Rall BC, Rosenbaum B, Tabi A, Ward C, Williams R, Ye H, Petchey OL. The intrinsic predictability of ecological time series and its potential to guide forecasting. ECOL MONOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Pennekamp
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Alison C. Iles
- Oregon State University 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
- EcoNetLab – Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Dornburger‐Street 159 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Joshua Garland
- Santa Fe Institute 1399 Hyde Park Road Santa Fe New Mexico 87501 USA
| | - Georgina Brennan
- Molecular Ecology and Fisheries Genetics Laboratory School of Biological Sciences Bangor University Bangor LL57 2UW United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Brose
- EcoNetLab – Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Dornburger‐Street 159 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ursula Gaedke
- Institute for Biology University of Potsdam Am Neuen Palais 10 D‐14469 Potsdam Germany
| | - Ute Jacob
- Department of Biology University of Hamburg D‐22767 Hamburg Germany
| | - Pavel Kratina
- Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Seestrasse 79 6047 Kastanienbaum Switzerland
| | - Stephan Munch
- Fisheries Ecology Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 110 Shaffer Road Santa Cruz California 95060 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz California 95064 USA
| | - Mark Novak
- Oregon State University 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
| | - Gian Marco Palamara
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Department Systems Analysis, Integrated Assessment and Modelling Eawag Überlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Björn C. Rall
- EcoNetLab – Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Dornburger‐Street 159 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Benjamin Rosenbaum
- EcoNetLab – Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Dornburger‐Street 159 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Andrea Tabi
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Colette Ward
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Richard Williams
- Slice Technologies 800 Concar Drive San Mateo California 94402 USA
| | - Hao Ye
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida 110 Newins‐Ziegler Hall, P.O. Box 110430 Gainesville Florida 32611‐0430 USA
| | - Owen L. Petchey
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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30
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Price EL, Sertić Perić M, Romero GQ, Kratina P. Land use alters trophic redundancy and resource flow through stream food webs. J Anim Ecol 2019; 88:677-689. [PMID: 30712255 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The changes to physical and chemical ecosystem characteristics as a response to pervasive and intensifying land use have the potential to alter the consumer-resource interactions and to rewire the flow of energy through entire food webs. We investigated these structural and functional properties of food webs in stream ecosystems distributed across woodland, agricultural and urban areas in the Zagreb region of Croatia. We compared resource availability and consumer diet composition using stable isotope mixing models and tested how the isotopic variance of basal resources, primary consumers, macroinvertebrate predators and other food web characteristics change with different land-use types. Combination of increased loading and altered composition of nutrients, lower water discharge and higher light availability at urban sites likely promoted the contribution of aquatic macrophytes to diets of primary consumers. Macroinvertebrate predators shifted their diet, relying more on active filterers at urban sites relative to woodland and agricultural sites. Urban food webs also had lower trophic redundancy (i.e. fewer species at each trophic level) and a more homogenized energy flow from lower to higher trophic levels. There was no effect of land use on isotopic variation of basal resources, primary consumers or macroinvertebrate predators, but all these trophic groups at urban and agricultural sites were 15 N-enriched relative to their counterparts in woodland stream food webs. The physical and chemical ecosystem characteristics associated with intensive land use altered the resource availability, trophic redundancy and the flow of energy to other trophic levels, with potentially negative consequences for community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. These empirical findings indicate that reducing nutrient pollution, agricultural runoffs and maintaining riparian vegetation can mitigate the impacts of land use on structure and function of stream ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott L Price
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mirela Sertić Perić
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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31
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Hammill E, Hawkins CP, Greig HS, Kratina P, Shurin JB, Atwood TB. Landscape heterogeneity strengthens the relationship between β-diversity and ecosystem function. Ecology 2018; 99:2467-2475. [PMID: 30289979 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Consensus has emerged in the literature that increased biodiversity enhances the capacity of ecosystems to perform multiple functions. However, most biodiversity/ecosystem function studies focus on a single ecosystem, or on landscapes of homogenous ecosystems. Here, we investigate how increased landscape-level environmental dissimilarity may affect the relationship between different metrics of diversity (α, β, or γ) and ecosystem function. We produced a suite of simulated landscapes, each of which contained four experimental outdoor aquatic mesocosms. Differences in temperature and nutrient conditions of the mesocosms allowed us to simulate landscapes containing a range of within-landscape environmental heterogeneities. We found that the variation in ecosystem functions was primarily controlled by environmental conditions, with diversity metrics accounting for a smaller (but significant) amount of variation in function. When landscapes were more homogeneous, α, β, and γ diversity was not associated with differences in primary production, and only γ was associated with changes in decomposition. In these homogeneous landscapes, differences in these two ecosystem functions were most strongly related to nutrient and temperature conditions in the ecosystems. However, as landscape-level environmental dissimilarity increased, the relationship between α, β, or γ and ecosystem functions strengthened, with β being a greater predictor of variation in decomposition at the highest levels of environmental dissimilarity than α or γ. We propose that when all ecosystems in a landscape have similar environmental conditions, species sorting is likely to generate a single community composition that is well suited to those environmental conditions, β is low, and the efficiency of diversity-ecosystem function couplings is similar across communities. Under this low β, the effect of abiotic conditions on ecosystem function will be most apparent. However, when environmental conditions vary among ecosystems, species sorting pressures are different among ecosystems, producing different communities among locations in a landscape. These conditions lead to stronger relationships between β and the magnitude of ecosystem functions. Our results illustrate that abiotic conditions and the homogeneity of communities influence ecosystem function expressed at the landscape scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edd Hammill
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA
| | - Hamish S Greig
- School of Biology and Ecology, 5751 Murray Hall, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Jonathan B Shurin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Trisha B Atwood
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA
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32
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Céréghino R, Pillar VD, Srivastava DS, Omena PM, MacDonald AAM, Barberis IM, Corbara B, Guzman LM, Leroy C, Ospina Bautista F, Romero GQ, Trzcinski MK, Kratina P, Debastiani VJ, Gonçalves AZ, Marino NAC, Farjalla VF, Richardson BA, Richardson MJ, Dézerald O, Gilbert B, Petermann J, Talaga S, Piccoli GCO, Jocqué M, Montero G. Constraints on the functional trait space of aquatic invertebrates in bromeliads. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valério D. Pillar
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in EcologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Diane S. Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Paula M. Omena
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and BiodiversityDepartment of Animal BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - A. Andrew M. MacDonald
- ECOLABCNRSUniversité de Toulouse Toulouse France
- Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB) Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Ignacio M. Barberis
- Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasInstituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias AgrariasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Bruno Corbara
- Laboratoire Microorganismes, Génome et EnvironnementUniversité Clermont Auvergne Aubière France
| | - Laura M. Guzman
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Céline Leroy
- AMAPIRDCIRADCNRSINRAUniversité de Montpellier Montpellier France
- ECOFOG, Campus Agronomique Kourou France
| | | | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and BiodiversityDepartment of Animal BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest and Conservation SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Vanderlei J. Debastiani
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in EcologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Ana Z. Gonçalves
- Department of BotanyBiosciences InstituteUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nicholas A. C. Marino
- Departamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Vinicius F. Farjalla
- Departamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Barbara A. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTERInstitute for Tropical Ecosystem StudiesUniversity of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | - Michael J. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTERInstitute for Tropical Ecosystem StudiesUniversity of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | - Olivier Dézerald
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements ContinentauxCNRSUniversité de Lorraine Metz France
| | - Benjamin Gilbert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jana Petermann
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Stanislas Talaga
- Institut Pasteur de la GuyaneUnité d'Entomologie Médicale Cayenne France
| | - Gustavo C. O. Piccoli
- Department of Zoology and BotanyUniversity of São Paulo State São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Merlijn Jocqué
- Aquatic and Terrestrial EcologyRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Guillermo Montero
- Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
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33
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Ma A, Bohan DA, Canard E, Derocles SA, Gray C, Lu X, Macfadyen S, Romero GQ, Kratina P. A Replicated Network Approach to ‘Big Data’ in Ecology. ADV ECOL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens M. Nielsen
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Elizabeth L. Clare
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Brian Hayden
- Canadian Rivers InstituteBiology DepartmentUniversity of New Brunswick Fredericton NB Canada
| | - Michael T. Brett
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of London London UK
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35
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Kratina P, Petermann JS, Marino NAC, MacDonald AAM, Srivastava DS. Environmental control of the microfaunal community structure in tropical bromeliads. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:1627-1634. [PMID: 28261471 PMCID: PMC5330903 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological communities hosted within phytotelmata (plant compartments filled with water) provide an excellent opportunity to test ecological theory and to advance our understanding of how local and global environmental changes affect ecosystems. However, insights from bromeliad phytotelmata communities are currently limited by scarce accounts of microfauna assemblages, even though these assemblages are critical in transferring, recycling, and releasing nutrients in these model ecosystems. Here, we analyzed natural microfaunal communities in leaf compartments of 43 bromeliads to identify the key environmental filters underlying their community structures. We found that microfaunal community richness and abundance were negatively related to canopy openness and vertical height above the ground. These associations were primarily driven by the composition of amoebae and flagellate assemblages and indicate the importance of bottom‐up control of microfauna in bromeliads. Taxonomic richness of all functional groups followed a unimodal relationship with water temperature, peaking at 23–25°C and declining below and above this relatively narrow thermal range. This suggests that relatively small changes in water temperature under expected future climate warming may alter taxonomic richness and ecological structure of these communities. Our findings improve the understanding of this unstudied but crucial component of bromeliad ecosystems and reveal important environmental filters that likely contribute to overall bromeliad community structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK; Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada; Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Nicholas A C Marino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Departmento de Ecologia Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Andrew A M MacDonald
- Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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Atwood TB, Hammill E, Kratina P, Greig HS, Shurin JB, Richardson JS. Warming alters food web-driven changes in the CO2 flux of experimental pond ecosystems. Biol Lett 2017; 11:20150785. [PMID: 26631247 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows the important role biota play in the carbon cycle, and strategic management of plant and animal populations could enhance CO2 uptake in aquatic ecosystems. However, it is currently unknown how management-driven changes to community structure may interact with climate warming and other anthropogenic perturbations to alter CO2 fluxes. Here we showed that under ambient water temperatures, predators (three-spined stickleback) and nutrient enrichment synergistically increased primary producer biomass, resulting in increased CO2 uptake by mesocosms in early dawn. However, a 3°C increase in water temperatures counteracted positive effects of predators and nutrients, leading to reduced primary producer biomass and a switch from CO2 influx to efflux. This confounding effect of temperature demonstrates that climate scenarios must be accounted for when undertaking ecosystem management actions to increase biosequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Atwood
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 Department of Watershed Sciences and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - E Hammill
- Department of Watershed Sciences and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - P Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - H S Greig
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - J B Shurin
- Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - J S Richardson
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
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Petermann JS, Farjalla VF, Jocque M, Kratina P, MacDonald AAM, Marino NAC, De Omena PM, Piccoli GCO, Richardson BA, Richardson MJ, Romero GQ, Videla M, Srivastava DS. Dominant predators mediate the impact of habitat size on trophic structure in bromeliad invertebrate communities. Ecology 2015; 96:428-39. [PMID: 26240864 DOI: 10.1890/14-0304.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Local habitat size has been shown to influence colonization and extinction processes of species in patchy environments. However, species differ in body size, mobility, and trophic level, and may not respond in the same way to habitat size. Thus far, we have a limited understanding of how habitat size influences the structure of multitrophic communities and to what extent the effects may be generalizable over a broad geographic range. Here, we used water-filled bromeliads of different sizes as a natural model system to examine the effects of habitat size on the trophic structure of their inhabiting invertebrate communities. We collected composition and biomass data from 651 bromeliad communities from eight sites across Central and South America differing in environmental conditions, species pools, and the presence of large-bodied odonate predators. We found that trophic structure in the communities changed dramatically with changes in habitat (bromeliad) size. Detritivore : resource ratios showed a consistent negative relationship with habitat size across sites. In contrast, changes in predator: detritivore (prey) ratios depended on the presence of odonates as dominant predators in the regional pool. At sites without odonates, predator: detritivore biomass ratios decreased with increasing habitat size. At sites with odonates, we found odonates to be more frequently present in large than in small bromeliads, and predator: detritivore biomass ratios increased with increasing habitat size to the point where some trophic pyramids became inverted. Our results show that the distribution of biomass amongst food-web levels depends strongly on habitat size, largely irrespective of geographic differences in environmental conditions or detritivore species compositions. However, the presence of large-bodied predators in the regional species pool may fundamentally alter this relationship between habitat size and trophic structure. We conclude that taking into account the response and multitrophic effects of dominant, mobile species may be critical when predicting changes in community structure along a habitat-size gradient.
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Petermann JS, Kratina P, Marino NAC, MacDonald AAM, Srivastava DS. Resources alter the structure and increase stochasticity in bromeliad microfauna communities. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118952. [PMID: 25775464 PMCID: PMC4361661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although stochastic and deterministic processes have been found to jointly shape structure of natural communities, the relative importance of both forces may vary across different environmental conditions and across levels of biological organization. We tested the effects of abiotic environmental conditions, altered trophic interactions and dispersal limitation on the structure of aquatic microfauna communities in Costa Rican tank bromeliads. Our approach combined natural gradients in environmental conditions with experimental manipulations of bottom-up interactions (resources), top-down interactions (predators) and dispersal at two spatial scales in the field. We found that resource addition strongly increased the abundance and reduced the richness of microfauna communities. Community composition shifted in a predictable way towards assemblages dominated by flagellates and ciliates but with lower abundance and richness of algae and amoebae. While all functional groups responded strongly and predictably to resource addition, similarity among communities at the species level decreased, suggesting a role of stochasticity in species-level assembly processes. Dispersal limitation did not affect the communities. Since our design excluded potential priority effects we can attribute the differences in community similarity to increased demographic stochasticity of resource-enriched communities related to erratic changes in population sizes of some species. In contrast to resources, predators and environmental conditions had negligible effects on community structure. Our results demonstrate that bromeliad microfauna communities are strongly controlled by bottom-up forces. They further suggest that the relative importance of stochasticity may change with productivity and with the organizational level at which communities are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana S. Petermann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1–3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A. C. Marino
- Department of Ecology, Biology Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 7 Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, PO Box 68020, Brazil
| | - A. Andrew M. MacDonald
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Diane S. Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kratina
- John Muir Inst. of the Environment, Watershed Science Center, Univ. of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Monika Winder
- John Muir Inst. of the Environment, Watershed Science Center, Univ. of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences; Stockholm Univ.; SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
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DeLong JP, Gilbert B, Shurin JB, Savage VM, Barton BT, Clements CF, Dell AI, Greig HS, Harley CDG, Kratina P, McCann KS, Tunney TD, Vasseur DA, O'Connor MI. The body size dependence of trophic cascades. Am Nat 2015; 185:354-66. [PMID: 25674690 DOI: 10.1086/679735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Trophic cascades are indirect positive effects of predators on resources via control of intermediate consumers. Larger-bodied predators appear to induce stronger trophic cascades (a greater rebound of resource density toward carrying capacity), but how this happens is unknown because we lack a clear depiction of how the strength of trophic cascades is determined. Using consumer resource models, we first show that the strength of a trophic cascade has an upper limit set by the interaction strength between the basal trophic group and its consumer and that this limit is approached as the interaction strength between the consumer and its predator increases. We then express the strength of a trophic cascade explicitly in terms of predator body size and use two independent parameter sets to calculate how the strength of a trophic cascade depends on predator size. Both parameter sets predict a positive effect of predator size on the strength of a trophic cascade, driven mostly by the body size dependence of the interaction strength between the first two trophic levels. Our results support previous empirical findings and suggest that the loss of larger predators will have greater consequences on trophic control and biomass structure in food webs than the loss of smaller predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P DeLong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588
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LeCraw RM, Kratina P, Srivastava DS. Food web complexity and stability across habitat connectivity gradients. Oecologia 2014; 176:903-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vasseur DA, Fox JW, Gonzalez A, Adrian R, Beisner BE, Helmus MR, Johnson C, Kratina P, Kremer C, de Mazancourt C, Miller E, Nelson WA, Paterson M, Rusak JA, Shurin JB, Steiner CF. Synchronous dynamics of zooplankton competitors prevail in temperate lake ecosystems. Proc Biol Sci 2014; 281:20140633. [PMID: 24966312 PMCID: PMC4083788 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although competing species are expected to exhibit compensatory dynamics (negative temporal covariation), empirical work has demonstrated that competitive communities often exhibit synchronous dynamics (positive temporal covariation). This has led to the suggestion that environmental forcing dominates species dynamics; however, synchronous and compensatory dynamics may appear at different length scales and/or at different times, making it challenging to identify their relative importance. We compiled 58 long-term datasets of zooplankton abundance in north-temperate and sub-tropical lakes and used wavelet analysis to quantify general patterns in the times and scales at which synchronous/compensatory dynamics dominated zooplankton communities in different regions and across the entire dataset. Synchronous dynamics were far more prevalent at all scales and times and were ubiquitous at the annual scale. Although we found compensatory dynamics in approximately 14% of all combinations of time period/scale/lake, there were no consistent scales or time periods during which compensatory dynamics were apparent across different regions. Our results suggest that the processes driving compensatory dynamics may be local in their extent, while those generating synchronous dynamics operate at much larger scales. This highlights an important gap in our understanding of the interaction between environmental and biotic forces that structure communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Vasseur
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jeremy W Fox
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3P8
| | - Matthew R Helmus
- Department of Animal Ecology, Amsterdam Global Change Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 HV, Netherlands
| | - Catherine Johnson
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Colin Kremer
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Claire de Mazancourt
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Station d'Ecologie Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique à Moulis, Moulis 09200, France
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - William A Nelson
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Michael Paterson
- IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, 161 Portage Ave East 6th Floor, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 0Y4
| | - James A Rusak
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, Ontario, Canada P0A 1E0
| | - Jonathan B Shurin
- Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0116, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Gilbert B, Tunney TD, McCann KS, DeLong JP, Vasseur DA, Savage V, Shurin JB, Dell AI, Barton BT, Harley CD, Kharouba HM, Kratina P, Blanchard JL, Clements C, Winder M, Greig HS, O'Connor MI. A bioenergetic framework for the temperature dependence of trophic interactions. Ecol Lett 2014; 17:902-14. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gilbert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; 25 Harbord St Toronto ON M5S 3G5 Canada
| | - Tyler D. Tunney
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Kevin S. McCann
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - John P. DeLong
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - David A. Vasseur
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Yale University; New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Van Savage
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; UCLA; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Jonathan B. Shurin
- Division of Biological Sciences; University of California San Diego; San Diego CA USA
| | - Anthony I. Dell
- Systemic Conservation Biology; Department of Biology; University of Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Brandon T. Barton
- Department of Zoology; University of Wisconsin; 430 Lincoln Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Christopher D.G. Harley
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Heather M. Kharouba
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; London E1 4NS UK
| | - Julia L. Blanchard
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Buckhurst Road Silwood Park Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | | | - Monika Winder
- Department of Ecology; Environment and Plant Sciences; Stockholm University; Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
| | - Hamish S. Greig
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
| | - Mary I. O'Connor
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kratina
- John Muir Institute of the Environment; Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis CA USA
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- Institute for Applied Ecology; The University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Wim J. Kimmerer
- Romberg Tiburon Center; San Francisco State University; Tiburon CA USA
| | - James R. Thomson
- Institute for Applied Ecology; The University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Monika Winder
- John Muir Institute of the Environment; Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis CA USA
- Department of Ecology; Environment and Plant Sciences; Stockholm University; Stockholm Sweden
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Shurin JB, Clasen JL, Greig HS, Kratina P, Thompson PL. Warming shifts top-down and bottom-up control of pond food web structure and function. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 367:3008-17. [PMID: 23007089 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of global and local environmental changes are transmitted through networks of interacting organisms to shape the structure of communities and the dynamics of ecosystems. We tested the impact of elevated temperature on the top-down and bottom-up forces structuring experimental freshwater pond food webs in western Canada over 16 months. Experimental warming was crossed with treatments manipulating the presence of planktivorous fish and eutrophication through enhanced nutrient supply. We found that higher temperatures produced top-heavy food webs with lower biomass of benthic and pelagic producers, equivalent biomass of zooplankton, zoobenthos and pelagic bacteria, and more pelagic viruses. Eutrophication increased the biomass of all organisms studied, while fish had cascading positive effects on periphyton, phytoplankton and bacteria, and reduced biomass of invertebrates. Surprisingly, virus biomass was reduced in the presence of fish, suggesting the possibility for complex mechanisms of top-down control of the lytic cycle. Warming reduced the effects of eutrophication on periphyton, and magnified the already strong effects of fish on phytoplankton and bacteria. Warming, fish and nutrients all increased whole-system rates of net production despite their distinct impacts on the distribution of biomass between producers and consumers, plankton and benthos, and microbes and macrobes. Our results indicate that warming exerts a host of indirect effects on aquatic food webs mediated through shifts in the magnitudes of top-down and bottom-up forcing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Shurin
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4.
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Kratina P, Greig HS, Thompson PL, Carvalho-Pereira TSA, Shurin JB. Warming modifies trophic cascades and eutrophication in experimental freshwater communities. Ecology 2012; 93:1421-30. [PMID: 22834382 DOI: 10.1890/11-1595.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Climate warming is occurring in concert with other anthropogenic changes to ecosystems. However, it is unknown whether and how warming alters the importance of top-down vs. bottom-up control over community productivity and variability. We performed a 16-month factorial experimental manipulation of warming, nutrient enrichment, and predator presence in replicated freshwater pond mesocosms to test their independent and interactive impacts. Warming strengthened trophic cascades from fish to primary producers, and it decreased the impact of eutrophication on the mean and temporal variation of phytoplankton biomass. These impacts varied seasonally, with higher temperatures leading to stronger trophic cascades in winter and weaker algae blooms under eutrophication in summer. Our results suggest that higher temperatures may shift the control of primary production in freshwater ponds toward stronger top-down and weaker bottom-up effects. The dampened temporal variability of algal biomass under eutrophication at higher temperatures suggests that warming may stabilize some ecosystem processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kratina
- Biodiversity Research Centre and Zoology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Ingram T, Svanbäck R, Kraft NJB, Kratina P, Southcott L, Schluter D. INTRAGUILD PREDATION DRIVES EVOLUTIONARY NICHE SHIFT IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK. Evolution 2012; 66:1819-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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