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Smutná T, Dumková J, Kristeková D, Laštovičková M, Jedličková A, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Alexa L, Kotasová H, Pelková V, Večeřa Z, Křůmal K, Petráš J, Coufalík P, Všianský D, Záchej S, Pinkas D, Vondráček J, Hampl A, Mikuška P, Buchtová M. Macrophage-mediated tissue response evoked by subchronic inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles is associated with the alteration of phospholipases C and cholesterol transporters. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:52. [PMID: 35922858 PMCID: PMC9351260 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO NPs), which are emitted to the environment by high-temperature technological processes, heavily impairs target organs. These nanoparticles pass through the lung barrier and are distributed via the blood into secondary target organs, where they cause numerous pathological alterations. Here, we studied in detail, macrophages as specialized cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response in selected target organs to unravel their potential involvement in reaction to subchronic PbO NP inhalation. In this context, we also tackled possible alterations in lipid uptake in the lungs and liver, which is usually associated with foam macrophage formation. Results The histopathological analysis of PbO NP exposed lung revealed serious chronic inflammation of lung tissues. The number of total and foam macrophages was significantly increased in lung, and they contained numerous cholesterol crystals. PbO NP inhalation induced changes in expression of phospholipases C (PLC) as enzymes linked to macrophage-mediated inflammation in lungs. In the liver, the subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs caused predominantly hyperemia, microsteatosis or remodeling of the liver parenchyma, and the number of liver macrophages also significantly was increased. The gene and protein expression of a cholesterol transporter CD36, which is associated with lipid metabolism, was altered in the liver. The amount of selected cholesteryl esters (CE 16:0, CE 18:1, CE 20:4, CE 22:6) in liver tissue was decreased after subchronic PbO NP inhalation, while total and free cholesterol in liver tissue was slightly increased. Gene and protein expression of phospholipase PLCβ1 and receptor CD36 in human hepatocytes were affected also in in vitro experiments after acute PbO NP exposure. No microscopic or serious functional kidney alterations were detected after subchronic PbO NP exposure and CD68 positive cells were present in the physiological mode in its interstitial tissues. Conclusion Our study revealed the association of increased cholesterol and lipid storage in targeted tissues with the alteration of scavenger receptors and phospholipases C after subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs and yet uncovered processes, which can contribute to steatosis in liver after metal nanoparticles exposure. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Smutná
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kristeková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Laštovičková
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adriena Jedličková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pelková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Všianský
- Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dominik Pinkas
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility of the Microscopy Centre, Institute of Molecular Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Cigánková H, Mikuška P, Hegrová J, Krajčovič J. Comparison of oxidative potential of PM1 and PM2.5 urban aerosol and bioaccessibility of associated elements in three simulated lung fluids. Sci Total Environ 2021; 800:149502. [PMID: 34388644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PM1 and PM2.5 aerosol samples collected during four seasons were analysed for bioaccessibility of 21 elements and oxidative potential (OP) determined by the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay in three simulated lung fluids (SLFs): deionised water, simulated alveoli fluid and Gamble's solution. Most elements had higher bioaccessibility in the submicron fraction than in the fine size fraction. The bioaccessibility of the element not only depends on the aerosol size fraction, but also varies between the three SLFs. In addition, the bioaccessibility of elements depends on both their chemical compound and the composition of the SLF. A very high bioaccessibility (up to 98%) was observed for As, Sb and Cd in all studied SLFs. The lowest bioaccessibility was observed for Ti, Al and Fe. The OP of urban particulate matter (PM), was studied as a relevant metric for health effects. The difference of OP value in simulated alveoli fluid and Gamble's solution compared to deionised water indicate the crucial effect of individual SLFs' composition on the OP. The complexation of elements with different ligands present in the solution can influence OPDTT depletion and, therefore, the potential health effects of inhaled aerosol. The correlation coefficients between total or bioaccessible concentrations of studied elements and volume normalised OP were calculated to examine the relationship between the elements and the OP. The strong positive correlations between some elements (i.e. Cd, Pb, As, Zn, Sn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn) and DTT activity suggest their participation in the oxidative activity of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cigánková
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - P Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Hegrová
- Division of Sustainable Transport and Road Structures Diagnostics, Transport Research Center, Líšeňská 33a, 636 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Krajčovič
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Horák J, Hopan F, Kuboňová L. Influence of boiler output and type on gaseous and particulate emissions from the combustion of coal for residential heating. Chemosphere 2021; 278:130402. [PMID: 33839387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study describes gaseous and particulate emissions from the combustion of two types of coal (hard and brown) in three types of boilers (one modern-type and two old-type boilers) used for residential heating. The importance of the heat outputs (nominal and two reduced outputs) for the emission of pollutants was also studied. Three outputs (95-108%, 58-73% and 26-50%) covered the expected operation of these boilers in real households under different outdoor air temperatures in the winter. Gaseous components (NOx, SO2, CO, CO2, OGC) and particulate organic compounds (n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hopanes) were determined in the emissions. In general, the emission factors (EFs) of the products of incomplete combustion were higher from the combustion of coal in old-type boilers than from that in the modern-type boilers. The EFs of particulate matter varied between 11.6 and 17.0 g kg-1 (hard coal, the oldest-type boiler), and 0.290 and 0.544 g kg-1 (brown coal, the modern-type boiler). The trends between the EFs of particulate organic compounds and the outputs of boilers were observed only with the automatic boiler (modern-type boiler). Similar trends for old-type boilers were not observed, probably due to the high instability of the combustion process as a result of the old construction of these boilers. Diagnostic ratios of the PAHs and the homohopane index, used for source apportionment of particulate matter in ambient air, were calculated. While the calculated homohopane indexes were similar to those reported in the literature, the calculated diagnostic ratios for PAHs related to coal combustion were different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Křůmal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Horák
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - František Hopan
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kuboňová
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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Alexa L, Mikuška P. Simultaneous Determination of Gaseous Ammonia and Particulate Ammonium in Ambient Air Using a Cylindrical Wet Effluent Diffusion Denuder and a Continuous Aerosol Sampler. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15827-15836. [PMID: 33237761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and fast method for simultaneous determination of gaseous ammonia (NH3) and particulate ammonium (NH4+) in ambient air is presented. NH3 is sampled in a cylindrical wet effluent diffusion denuder (CWEDD) and analyzed online by a continuous flow system with a fluorescence detector (FLD), while NH4+ bound to aerosol particles is sampled in parallel by a condensation growth unit-the aerosol counterflow two-jet unit (CGU-ACTJU) sampler-and analyzed online with another FLD. The sensitive fluorescence detection of ammonium in concentrates of the CWEDD and the ACTJU is based on its reaction with ortho-phthaldialdehyde and sulfite to form isoindol-1-sulfonate. The calibration curve of ammonium is linear in the concentration range of 5 × 10-9 to 2 × 10-6 M. The limit of detection (LOD = 3 s/n) values of NH3 and NH4+ are 3.52 ng m-3 (5.05 ppt) and 1.04 ng m-3, respectively. The developed method enables online measuring of distribution of NH3/NH4+ in ambient air with a time resolution of 1 s. The optimized method was used for the determination of NH3/NH4+ in urban air in Brno in two campaigns during the winter and summer of 2018. The results obtained by the developed method were compared with a reference method based on the sampling on filters and "dry" diffusion denuders coated by phosphoric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Alexa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Dumková J, Smutná T, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Kristeková D, Večeřa Z, Husáková Z, Jakešová V, Jedličková A, Mikuška P, Alexa L, Coufalík P, Tvrdoňová M, Křůmal K, Vaculovič T, Kanický V, Hampl A, Buchtová M. A Clearance Period after Soluble Lead Nanoparticle Inhalation Did Not Ameliorate the Negative Effects on Target Tissues Due to Decreased Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228738. [PMID: 33228049 PMCID: PMC7699374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhalation of metal (including lead) nanoparticles poses a real health issue to people and animals living in polluted and/or industrial areas. In this study, we exposed mice to lead(II) nitrate nanoparticles [Pb(NO3)2 NPs], which represent a highly soluble form of lead, by inhalation. We aimed to uncover the effects of their exposure on individual target organs and to reveal potential variability in the lead clearance. We examined (i) lead biodistribution in target organs using laser ablation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), (ii) lead effect on histopathological changes and immune cells response in secondary target organs and (iii) the clearance ability of target organs. In the lungs and liver, Pb(NO3)2 NP inhalation induced serious structural changes and their damage was present even after a 5-week clearance period despite the lead having been almost completely eliminated from the tissues. The numbers of macrophages significantly decreased after 11-week Pb(NO3)2 NP inhalation; conversely, abundance of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive cells, which are responsible for augmented collagen production, increased in both tissues. Moreover, the expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and selected cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), interleukin 6(IL-6), IL-1α and IL-1β , displayed a tissue-specific response to lead exposure. In summary, diminished inflammatory response in tissues after Pb(NO3)2 NPs inhalation was associated with prolonged negative effect of lead on tissues, as demonstrated by sustained pathological changes in target organs, even after long clearance period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (T.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Tereza Smutná
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (T.S.); (A.H.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Daniela Kristeková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
- Section of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Zuzana Husáková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.H.); (M.T.); (T.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Veronika Jakešová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
| | - Adriena Jedličková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Lukáš Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Michaela Tvrdoňová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.H.); (M.T.); (T.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.D.); (Z.V.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Tomáš Vaculovič
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.H.); (M.T.); (T.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Viktor Kanický
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.H.); (M.T.); (T.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (T.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (D.K.); (V.J.); (A.J.)
- Section of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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Vysloužil J, Kulich P, Zeman T, Vaculovič T, Tvrdoňová M, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z, Stráská J, Moravec P, Balcar VJ, Šerý O. Subchronic continuous inhalation exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles induces pulmonary cell response in mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126511. [PMID: 32294608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We used mice as an animal model to investigate the entry of ZnO nanoparticles from the ambient air into the lungs and other organs, subsequent changes in Zn levels and the impact on the transcription of Zn homeostasis-related genes in the lungs. METHODS The mice were exposed to two concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles; lower (6.46 × 104 particles/cm3) and higher (1.93 × 106 particles/cm3), allowed to breathe the nanoparticles in the air for 12 weeks and subjected to necropsy. Characterization of the ZnO nanoparticles was done using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to quantify ZnO nanoparticles in the lungs, brain, liver and kidney. The total zinc content in the lungs, brain, liver, kidney, red blood cells and plasma was estimated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Transcription rate of the genes was evaluated by RealTime PCR. RESULTS The two concentration of ZnO nanoparticles in the ambient air produced two different outcomes. The lower concentration resulted in significant increases in Zn content of the liver while the higher concentration significantly increased Zn in the lungs (p < 0.05). Additionally, at the lower concentration, Zn content was found to be lower in brain tissue (p < 0.05). Using TEM/EDX we detected ZnO nanoparticles inside the cells in the lungs, kidney and liver. Inhaling ZnO NP at the higher concentration increased the levels of mRNA of the following genes in the lungs: Mt2 (2.56 fold), Slc30a1 (1.52 fold) and Slc30a5 (2.34 fold). At the lower ZnO nanoparticle concentration, only Slc30a7 mRNA levels in the lungs were up (1.74 fold). Thus the two air concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles produced distinct effects on the expression of the Zn-homeostasis related genes. CONCLUSION Until adverse health effects of ZnO nanoparticles deposited in organs such as lungs are further investigated and/or ruled out, the exposure to ZnO nanoparticles in aerosols should be avoided or minimised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vysloužil
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Neurobiology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kulich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Zeman
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vaculovič
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Tvrdoňová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Stráská
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Moravec
- Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 2/135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir J Balcar
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Bosch Institute and Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Anderson Stuart Building F13, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Omar Šerý
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Neurobiology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Dumková J, Smutná T, Vrlíková L, Kotasová H, Dočekal B, Čapka L, Tvrdoňová M, Jakešová V, Pelková V, Křůmal K, Coufalík P, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z, Vaculovič T, Husáková Z, Kanický V, Hampl A, Buchtová M. Variability in the Clearance of Lead Oxide Nanoparticles Is Associated with Alteration of Specific Membrane Transporters. ACS Nano 2020; 14:3096-3120. [PMID: 32105447 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead oxide nanoparticles (PbONPs), upon their entry into the lungs via inhalation, induce structural changes in primary and secondary target organs. The fate and ultrastructural localization of PbONPs in organs is known to be dependent on the specific organ. Here, we focused on the differences in the ability to clear the inhaled PbONPs from secondary target organs and on molecular and cellular mechanisms contributing to nanoparticle removal. Mice were exposed to PbONPs in whole-body inhalation chambers. Clearance of ionic lead and PbONPs (Pb/PbONPs) from the lungs and liver was very effective, with the lead being almost completely eliminated from the lungs and the physiological state of the lung tissue conspicuously restored. Kidneys exposed to nanoparticles did not exhibit serious signs of damage; however, LA-ICP-MS uncovered a certain amount of lead located preferentially in the kidney cortex even after a clearance period. The concentration of lead in femurs, as representatives of the axial skeleton, was the highest among studied organs at all designated time points after PbONP exposure, and the clearance ability of lead from the femurs was very low in contrast to other organs. The organ-specific increase of ABC transporters expression (ABCG2 in lungs and ABCC3 in the liver) was observed in exposed animals, suggesting their involvement in removing Pb/PbONPs from tissues. Moreover, the expression of caveolins and clathrin displayed a tissue-specific response to lead exposure. Our results uncovered high variability among the organs in their ability to clear Pb/PbONPs and in the transporters involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Smutná
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Čapka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Tvrdoňová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jakešová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pelková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vaculovič
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Husáková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Kanický
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Section of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
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8
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Bláhová L, Nováková Z, Večeřa Z, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Dumková J, Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Buchtová M, Hampl A, Hilscherová K, Bláha L. The effects of nano-sized PbO on biomarkers of membrane disruption and DNA damage in a sub-chronic inhalation study on mice. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:214-231. [PMID: 31726900 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1685696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the production of engineered nanoparticles increases our knowledge of toxicity and mechanisms of bioactivity during relevant exposures is lacking. In the present study mice were exposed to PbO nanoparticles (PbONP; 192.5 µg/m3; 1.93 × 106 particles/cm3) for 2, 5 and 13 weeks through continuous inhalation. The analyses addressed Pb and PbONP distribution in organs (lung, liver, kidney, brain) using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, as well as histopathology and analyses of oxidative stress biomarkers. New LC-MS/MS methods were validated for biomarkers of lipid damage F2-isoprostanes (8-iso-prostaglandins F2-alpha and E2) and hydroxylated deoxoguanosine (8-OHdG, marker of DNA oxidation). Commonly studied malondialdehyde was also measured as TBARS by HPLC-DAD. The study revealed fast blood transport and distribution of Pb from the lung to the kidney and liver. A different Pb accumulation trend was observed in the brain, suggesting transfer of NP along the nasal nerve to the olfactory bulbs. Long-term inhalation of PbONP caused lipid peroxidation in animal brains (increased levels of TBARS and both isoprostanes). Membrane lipid damage was also detected in the kidney after shorter exposures, but not in the liver or lung. On the contrary, longer exposures to PbONP increased levels of 8-OHdG in the lung and temporarily increased lung weight after 2 and 5 weeks of exposure. The histopathological changes observed mainly in the lung and liver indicated inflammation and general toxicity responses. The present long-term inhalation study indicates risks of PbONP to both human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bláhová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nováková
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bláha
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Večeřová K, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Coufalík P, Oravec M, Dočekal B, Novotná K, Veselá B, Pompeiano A, Urban O. Temperature alters susceptibility of Picea abies seedlings to airborne pollutants: The case of CdO nanoparticles. Environ Pollut 2019; 253:646-654. [PMID: 31330356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although plants are often exposed to atmospheric nanoparticles (NPs), the mechanism of NP deposition and their effects on physiology and metabolism, and particularly in combination with other stressors, are not yet understood. Exploring interactions between stressors is particularly important for understanding plant responses in urban environments where elevated temperatures can be associated with air pollution. Accordingly, 3-year-old spruce seedlings were exposed for 2 weeks to aerial cadmium oxide (CdO) NPs of environmentally relevant size (8-62 nm) and concentration (2 × 105 cm-3). While half the seedlings were initially acclimated to high temperature (35 °C) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD; 2.81 kPa), the second half of the plants were left under non-stressed conditions (20 °C, 0.58 kPa). Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine Cd content in needles, while gas and liquid chromatography was used to determine changes in primary and secondary metabolites. Photosynthesis-related processes were explored with gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence systems. Our work supports the hypothesis that atmospheric CdO NPs penetrate into leaves but high temperature and VPD reduce such penetration due to stomatal closure. The hypothesis that atmospheric CdO NPs influences physiological and metabolic processes in plants was also confirmed. This impact strengthens with increasing time of exposure. Finally, we found evidence that plants acclimated to stress conditions have different sensitivity to CdO NPs compared to plants not so acclimated. These findings have important consequences for understanding impacts of global warming on plants and indicates that although the effects of elevated temperatures can be deleterious, this may limit other forms of plant stress associated with air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Večeřová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 967/97, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 967/97, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 967/97, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 967/97, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Novotná
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Veselá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonio Pompeiano
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Coufalík P, Matoušek T, Křůmal K, Vojtíšek-Lom M, Beránek V, Mikuška P. Content of metals in emissions from gasoline, diesel, and alternative mixed biofuels. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:29012-29019. [PMID: 31388949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of alternative fuels or biofuel blends could be a way to reduce the environmental burden of increasing traffic. The aim of this study was to compare emissions from conventional fuels and alternative biofuels for diesel and spark-ignition engines under comparable conditions, i.e., using the World Harmonized Transient Cycle for a heavy-duty diesel engine and the Artemis CADC driving cycle for automobiles powered by gasoline and alternative fuels. Total contents of Ba, Ce, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn were determined in emissions, fuels, and lubricating oils. In addition, the bioaccessibility of metals in emissions was also assessed by extraction in water and in simulated lung fluid (Gamble's solution). Total particulate mass emissions, expressed per kilogram of fuel, and total contents of metals were higher for the diesel engine than for spark-ignition engines. The highest metal contents in emissions from diesel and gasoline fuels were found for Fe, Zn, and Cu. Fe and Cu in emissions from diesel and spark-ignition engines declined with the addition of bio-components in fuels. However, there was no significant decrease in the contents of other metals in emissions from biofuels. The highest degrees of bioaccessibility were observed for Ba, Zn, Cd, and V in emissions from diesel and biodiesel (according to their solubility in water). On the basis of this study, the use of biodiesel (especially methylesters of rapeseed oil) can be recommended to reduce the total mass of particulate and metal emissions from diesel engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Coufalík
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Matoušek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vojtíšek-Lom
- Center for Sustainable Mobility, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Přílepská 1920, 252 63, Roztoky u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Beránek
- Center for Sustainable Mobility, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Přílepská 1920, 252 63, Roztoky u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Horák J, Hopan F, Krpec K. Comparison of emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants from the combustion of biomass and coal in modern and old-type boilers used for residential heating in the Czech Republic, Central Europe. Chemosphere 2019; 229:51-59. [PMID: 31075702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of emissions from old-type (an overfire boiler, a boiler with down-draft combustion) and modern-type (an automatic and a gasification boiler) boilers was compared. The boilers were operated with different fuels (brown and hard coal, wet and dry wood, wood pellets and brown coal briquettes) with reduced output (40-60%). The emissions were characterized by the contents of gaseous components (NOx, SO2, CO, CO2, OGC); and particulate organic compounds (alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, saccharides), including organic markers (monosaccharide anhydrides, diterpenoids, methoxyphenols, hopanes), which are used for source apportionment of particulate matter in ambient air. In general, emissions of the products of incomplete combustion (CO, particles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) were higher from the combustion of solid fuels in old-type boilers than from that in modern-type boilers. The modern-type (especially automatic) boilers were the most environmentally friendly. The highest concentrations of particulate matter (81.6-89.4 g kg-1) and particulate organic compounds (sum of PAHs: 225-275 mg kg-1) including organic markers were found in emissions from old-type (overfire) boilers, especially with the combustion of brown and hard coal. Characteristic ratios of selected organic compounds/markers applied for source identification were calculated. Computed characteristic ratios for monosaccharide anhydrides (biomass combustion) agreed with values in the literature. Homohopane indexes, frequently used for identification of coal combustion, and other characteristic ratios for PAHs, were different from the literature data. In our opinion, characteristic ratios for PAHs are not suitable for use in source apportionment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Horák
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - František Hopan
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Krpec
- Energy Research Center, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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12
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Kozáková J, Pokorná P, Vodička P, Ondráčková L, Ondráček J, Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Hovorka J, Moravec P, Schwarz J. The influence of local emissions and regional air pollution transport on a European air pollution hot spot. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:1675-1692. [PMID: 30448949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3670-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The EU air quality standards have been frequently exceeded in one of the European air pollution hot spots: Ostrava. The aim of this study was to perform an air quality comparison between an urban site (Radvanice), which has a nearby metallurgical complex, and a suburban site (Plesná) to estimate air pollution sources and determine their local and/or regional origins. Twenty-four hour PM1 and PM10 (particular matter) concentrations, detailed mass size distributions (MSDs) to distinguish the sources of the fine and coarse PM, and their chemical compositions were investigated in parallel at both sites during the winter of 2014. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the PM1 and PM10 chemical compositions to investigate their sources. During the measurement campaign, prevailing northeastern-southwestern (NE-SW) wind directions (WDs) were recorded. Higher average PM10 concentration was measured in Radvanice than in Plesná, whereas PM1 concentrations were similar at both sites. A source apportionment analysis revealed six and five sources for PM10 and PM1, respectively. In Radvanice, the amount of PM and the most chemical species were similar under SW and NE WD conditions. The dominant sources were industrial (43% for PM10 and 27% for PM1), which were caused by a large metallurgical complex located to the SW, and biomass burning (25% for PM10 and 36% for PM1). In Plesná, the concentrations of PM and all species significantly increased under NE WD conditions. Secondary inorganic aerosols were dominant, with the highest contributions deriving from the NE WD. Therefore, regional pollution transport from the industrial sector in Silesian Province (Poland) was evident. Biomass burning contributed 22% and 24% to PM10 and PM1, respectively. The air quality in Ostrava was influenced by local sources and regional pollution transport. The issue of poor air quality in this region is complex. Therefore, international cooperation from both states (the Czech Republic and Poland) is needed to achieve a reduction in air pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kozáková
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Pokorná
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vodička
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Ondráčková
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Ondráček
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Moravec
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Schwarz
- Department of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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13
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Coufalík P, Čmelík R, Křůmal K, Čapka L, Mikuška P. Determination of short-term changes in levoglucosan and dehydroabietic acid in aerosols with Condensation Growth Unit - Aerosol Counterflow Two-Jets Unit - LC-MS. Chemosphere 2018; 210:279-286. [PMID: 30005349 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Residential areas in urban agglomerations and also in the countryside are often burdened with high concentrations of aerosol in winter, this originating from local combustion sources. Aerosol sources can be identified by a monitoring of organic markers of biomass burning. Abundant markers of biomass and softwood burning are levoglucosan and dehydroabietic acid, respectively. The aim of this research was to develop an analytical method for the determination of levoglucosan and dehydroabietic acid in aerosol over short time periods involving aerosol sampling into liquid samples, quantitative pre-concentration of analytes, and their determination by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. A Condensation Growth Unit - Aerosol Counterflow Two-Jets Unit (CGU-ACTJU) sampler was used for the quantitative collection of aerosol directly into water. Dehydroabietic acid was pre-concentrated from the aqueous phase by solid phase extraction (C-18). Afterwards, levoglucosan in water samples was concentrated on a vacuum evaporator. The detection limits of levoglucosan and dehydroabietic acid were 28 ng m-3 and 5.5 ng m-3, respectively. The results obtained by the developed method were compared with an independent determination of both markers in aerosol by means of the sampling of aerosols on a filter and subsequent analysis by GC-MS. The developed method demonstrated sufficient agreement with the independent determination for generated standard aerosol as well as for urban aerosol over an eight-day winter campaign. The presented method allows the monitoring of concentration changes in biomass burning markers in 2-h intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Coufalík
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Richard Čmelík
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Čapka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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14
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Mikuška P, Čapka L, Večeřa Z. Aerosol sampler for analysis of fine and ultrafine aerosols. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1020:123-133. [PMID: 29655423 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new aerosol sampler based on the original version of Aerosol Counterflow Two-Jets Unit (ACTJU) is described. The ACTJU collector, connected with a water-based Condensation Growth Unit (CGU) placed upstream of the ACTJU, accomplished the quantitative collection of fine and ultrafine aerosol particles down to a few nanometers in diameter. Condensation of water vapor in the CGU enlarges nanometer sized particles to larger sizes in the supermicrometer range and the formed droplets are then collected into water in the ACTJU collector. The continuous collection of aerosols with the CGU-ACTJU sampler allows for the time-resolved measurement of changes in the concentration of particulate constituents. Coupling of the CGU-ACTJU sampler with on-line detection devices allows in-situ automated analysis of water-soluble aerosol components with high time resolution of 1 s (e.g., FIA detection for nitrite or nitrate) or 1 h (e.g., IC detection with preconcentration step for inorganic anions). Under the optimum conditions (the air flow rate of 10 L min-1 and water flow rate of 1.5 mL min-1), the limit of detection (IC including the preconcentration) for particulate fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, sulphate and phosphate is 2.53, 6.64, 24.2, 16.8, 0.12 and 5.03 ng m-3, respectively. The apparatus is sufficiently robust for its application at routine monitoring of aerosol composition in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukáš Čapka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Leoni C, Pokorná P, Hovorka J, Masiol M, Topinka J, Zhao Y, Křůmal K, Cliff S, Mikuška P, Hopke PK. Source apportionment of aerosol particles at a European air pollution hot spot using particle number size distributions and chemical composition. Environ Pollut 2018; 234:145-154. [PMID: 29175476 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ostrava in the Moravian-Silesian region (Czech Republic) is a European air pollution hot spot for airborne particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and ultrafine particles (UFPs). Air pollution source apportionment is essential for implementation of successful abatement strategies. UFPs or nanoparticles of diameter <100 nm exhibit the highest deposition efficiency in human lungs. To permit apportionment of PM sources at the hot-spot including nanoparticles, Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied to highly time resolved particle number size distributions (NSD, 14 nm-10 μm) and PM0.09-1.15 chemical composition. Diurnal patterns, meteorological variables, gaseous pollutants, organic markers, and associations between the NSD factors and chemical composition factors were used to identify the pollution sources. The PMF on the NSD reveals two factors in the ultrafine size range: industrial UFPs (28%, number mode diameter - NMD 45 nm), industrial/fresh road traffic nanoparticles (26%, NMD 26 nm); three factors in the accumulation size range: urban background (24%, NMD 93 nm), coal burning (14%, volume mode diameter - VMD 0.5 μm), regional pollution (3%, VMD 0.8 μm) and one factor in the coarse size range: industrial coarse particles/road dust (2%, VMD 5 μm). The PMF analysis of PM0.09-1.15 revealed four factors: SIA/CC/BB (52%), road dust (18%), sinter/steel (16%), iron production (16%). The factors in the ultrafine size range resolved with NSD have a positive correlation with sinter/steel production and iron production factors resolved with chemical composition. Coal combustion factor resolved with NSD has moderate correlation with SIA/CC/BB factor. The organic markers homohopanes correlate with coal combustion and the levoglucosan correlates with urban background. The PMF applications to NSD and chemical composition datasets are complementary. PAHs in PM1 were found to be associated with coal combustion factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Leoni
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Pokorná
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals CAS, Rozvojová 2/135, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Mauro Masiol
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5708, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Yongjing Zhao
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry CAS, Veveří 967/97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Steven Cliff
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry CAS, Veveří 967/97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5708, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Lebedová J, Nováková Z, Večeřa Z, Buchtová M, Dumková J, Dočekal B, Bláhová L, Mikuška P, Míšek I, Hampl A, Hilscherová K. Impact of acute and subchronic inhalation exposure to PbO nanoparticles on mice. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:290-304. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1438679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Lebedová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Z. Nováková
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Z. Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M. Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J. Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - B. Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L. Bláhová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P. Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I. Míšek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A. Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K. Hilscherová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Dumková J, Smutná T, Vrlíková L, Le Coustumer P, Večeřa Z, Dočekal B, Mikuška P, Čapka L, Fictum P, Hampl A, Buchtová M. Sub-chronic inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles revealed their broad distribution and tissue-specific subcellular localization in target organs. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:55. [PMID: 29268755 PMCID: PMC5740755 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead is well known environmental pollutant, which can cause toxic effects in multiple organ systems. However, the influence of lead oxide nanoparticles, frequently emitted to the environment by high temperature technological processes, is still concealed. Therefore, we investigate lead oxide nanoparticle distribution through the body upon their entry into lungs and determine the microscopic and ultramicroscopic changes caused by the nanoparticles in primary and secondary target organs. METHODS Adult female mice (ICR strain) were continuously exposed to lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO-NPs) with an average concentration approximately 106 particles/cm3 for 6 weeks (24 h/day, 7 days/week). At the end of the exposure period, lung, brain, liver, kidney, spleen, and blood were collected for chemical, histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analyses. RESULTS Lead content was found to be the highest in the kidney and lungs, followed by the liver and spleen; the smallest content of lead was found in brain. Nanoparticles were located in all analysed tissues and their highest number was found in the lung and liver. Kidney, spleen and brain contained lower number of nanoparticles, being about the same in all three organs. Lungs of animals exposed to lead oxide nanoparticles exhibited hyperaemia, small areas of atelectasis, alveolar emphysema, focal acute catarrhal bronchiolitis and also haemostasis with presence of siderophages in some animals. Nanoparticles were located in phagosomes or formed clusters within cytoplasmic vesicles. In the liver, lead oxide nanoparticle exposure caused hepatic remodeling with enlargement and hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes, centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes with karyomegaly, areas of hepatic necrosis, occasional periportal inflammation, and extensive accumulation of lipid droplets. Nanoparticles were accumulated within mitochondria and peroxisomes forming aggregates enveloped by an electron-dense mitochondrial matrix. Only in some kidney samples, we observed areas of inflammatory infiltrates around renal corpuscles, tubules or vessels in the cortex. Lead oxide nanoparticles were dispersed in the cytoplasm, but not within cell organelles. There were no significant morphological changes in the spleen as a secondary target organ. Thus, pathological changes correlated with the amount of nanoparticles found in cells rather than with the concentration of lead in a given organ. CONCLUSIONS Sub-chronic exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles has profound negative effects at both cellular and tissue levels. Notably, the fate and arrangement of lead oxide nanoparticles were dependent on the type of organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - T Smutná
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L Vrlíková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Le Coustumer
- Bordeaux University, UF STE, Allée G. Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France
- UMR 5254 IPREM, CNRS/UPPA, Technopole Hélioparc, 2 av P. Angot, 64053, Pau Cedex9, France
- EA 4592 Georessources & Environnement/ Bordeaux Montaigne University-IPNB ENSEGID, Allée F. Daguin, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Z Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - B Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L Čapka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Fictum
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Wei N, Hu C, Zhou S, Ma Q, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z, Gai Y, Lin X, Gu X, Zhao W, Fang B, Zhang W, Chen J, Liu F, Shan X, Sheng L. VUV photoionization aerosol mass spectrometric study on the iodine oxide particles formed from O 3-initiated photooxidation of diiodomethane (CH 2I 2). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IOPs formed from O3-initiated photooxidation of CH2I2 were investigated based on the combination of a thermal desorption/tunable vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight photoionization aerosol mass spectrometer with a flow reactor for the first time.
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Lebedová J, Bláhová L, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Dočekal B, Buchtová M, Míšek I, Dumková J, Hampl A, Hilscherová K. Impact of acute and chronic inhalation exposure to CdO nanoparticles on mice. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:24047-24060. [PMID: 27638805 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium nanoparticles can represent a risk in both industrial and environmental settings, but there is little knowledge on the impacts of their inhalation, especially concerning longer-term exposures. In this study, mice were exposed to cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles in whole body inhalation chambers for 4 to 72 h in acute and 1 to 13 weeks (24 h/day, 7 days/week) in chronic exposure to investigate the dynamics of nanoparticle uptake and effects. In the acute experiment, mice were exposed to 2.95 × 106 particles/cm3 (31.7 μg CdO/m3). The same concentration and a lower one (1.18 × 106 particles/cm3, 12.7 μg CdO/m3) were used for the chronic exposure. Transmission electron microscopy documented distribution of nanoparticles into all studied organs. Major portion of nanoparticles was retained in the lung, but longer exposure led to a greater relative redistribution into secondary organs, namely the kidney, and also the liver and spleen. Accumulation of Cd in the lung and liver occurred already after 24 h and in the brain, kidney, and spleen after 72 h of exposure, and a further increase of Cd levels was observed throughout the chronic exposure. There were significant differences in both Cd accumulation and effects between the two exposure doses. Lung weight in the higher exposure group increased up to 2-fold compared to the control. Histological analyses showed dose-dependent alterations in lung and liver morphology and damage to their tissue. Modulation of oxidative stress parameters including glutathione levels and increased lipid peroxidation occurred mainly after the greater chronic exposure. The results emphasize risk of longer-term inhalation of cadmium nanoparticles, since adverse effects occurring after shorter exposures gradually progressed with a longer exposure duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lebedová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Building A29, CZ62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L Bláhová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Building A29, CZ62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Z Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 97, CZ60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 97, CZ60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - B Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 97, CZ60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Míšek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Hilscherová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Building A29, CZ62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Večeřová K, Urban O, Pallozzi E, Večeřa Z. WITHDRAWN: Wet effluent diffusion denuder: The tool for determination of monoterpenes in forest. Talanta 2016; 158:192. [PMID: 27343594 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.032. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Večeřová
- Global Change Research Centre of the CAS, v. v. i., Bělidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Centre of the CAS, v. v. i., Bělidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Emanuele Pallozzi
- National Research Council, Institute of Agroenvironmental and Forest Biology, Via Guglielmo Marconi 2, 05010 Porano, Italy
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Večeřová K, Urban O, Pallozzi E, Večeřa Z. Wet effluent diffusion denuder: The tool for determination of monoterpenes in forest. Talanta 2016; 153:260-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Čapka L, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Šesták J, Kahle V, Bumbová A. A portable device for fast analysis of explosives in the environment. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Křůmal K, Kubátková N, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P. Antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of liquid and gaseous phases of essential oils. Chemical Papers 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2015-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe antimicrobial properties of fifteen essential oils (EOs) tested on seventeen microorganisms were determined using the vapour-agar contact method. The most effective EOs (i.e. Lavandula angustifolia, Cymbopogon nardus, Citrus aurantifolia, Juniperus communis, Myrtus communis and Cinnamomum zeylanicum), whose volatile components afforded the best antimicrobial properties, were selected for a detailed study of chemical composition. All these six EOs contained one to three main components that presented 67-91 mass % of total mass of a corresponding essential oil. The amount of other components was much lower (less than 5 mass %). The volatile components of Lavandula angustifolia exhibited the most effective antimicrobial properties because they completely inhibited the tested bacteria and fungi within 3 days and 1 week, respectively. The components of Lavandula angustifolia with the highest concentration in the gaseous phase were linalool (99.0 ppmv), eucalyptol (44.9 ppmv), linalyl acetate (25.9 ppmv), myrcene (22.2 ppmv), β-trans-ocimene (19.7 ppmv), camphor (16.7 ppmv) and limonene (14.9 ppmv).
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Coufalík P, Zvěřina O, Mikuška P, Komárek J. Seasonal variability of mercury contents in street dust in Brno, Czech Republic. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2014; 93:503-508. [PMID: 24816804 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination by mercury carries serious risks to the biosphere. Urban agglomerations burdened with traffic are characterized by substantial dust levels, including high concentrations of pollutants bound to particulate matter. In this research, the content of particulate mercury in street dust was investigated in relation to the season and traffic intensity. In total, 80 street dust samples were collected in the centre of Brno (Czech Republic) in which total and bioaccessible mercury contents were determined. Total mercury content in the samples ranged from 0.03 to 2.67 mg/kg. The content of bioaccessible mercury was below the limit of quantification in all samples. Thus, street dust did not increase the daily mercury intake by the population in studied area. A clear trend of mercury accumulation in street dust depending on traffic intensity in the investigated streets was not observed over the whole year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Coufalík
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic,
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Mikuška P, Večeřa Z, Bartošíková A, Maenhaut W. Annular diffusion denuder for simultaneous removal of gaseous organic compounds and air oxidants during sampling of carbonaceous aerosols. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 714:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zapletal M, Cudlín P, Chroust P, Urban O, Pokorný R, Edwards-Jonášová M, Czerný R, Janouš D, Taufarová K, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Paoletti E. Ozone flux over a Norway spruce forest and correlation with net ecosystem production. Environ Pollut 2011; 159:1024-1034. [PMID: 21177010 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Daily ozone deposition flux to a Norway spruce forest in Czech Republic was measured using the gradient method in July and August 2008. Results were in good agreement with a deposition flux model. The mean daily stomatal uptake of ozone was around 47% of total deposition. Average deposition velocity was 0.39 cm s(-1) and 0.36 cm s(-1) by the gradient method and the deposition model, respectively. Measured and modelled non-stomatal uptake was around 0.2 cm s(-1). In addition, net ecosystem production (NEP) was measured by using Eddy Covariance and correlations with O3 concentrations at 15 m a.g.l., total deposition and stomatal uptake were tested. Total deposition and stomatal uptake of ozone significantly decreased NEP, especially by high intensities of solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Zapletal
- Ekotoxa s.r.o.-Centre for Environment and Land Assessment, Otická 37, 746 01 Opava, Czech Republic.
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Motyka K, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z. Application of wet effluent diffusion denuder for measurement of uptake coefficient of gaseous pollutants. Talanta 2011; 84:519-23. [PMID: 21376982 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The comparison of theoretical approaches describing the collection of analyte in the cylindrical wet effluent diffusion denuder (CWEDD) with experimental data is presented. Various absorption liquids were tested for the collection of formaldehyde (distilled-deionized water, H(2)SO(4) solution), acetaldehyde (distilled-deionized water) and nitrous acid (distilled-deionized water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate solutions of various concentrations and sodium phosphate pH 6-8) in CWEDD. pH of absorption liquids significantly influences the collection of formaldehyde as well as nitrous acid. The collection efficiency of formaldehyde for 0.05 M H(2)SO(4) as absorption liquid was generally higher than for distilled-deionized water. Absorption liquid pH markedly affected the collection efficiency of HONO too (with increasing pH the collection efficiency increase). Data derived by Gormley-Kennedy equation for all investigated compounds were overestimated especially for higher flow rates of air, data calculated with respect to Henry constant are not in good agreement with experimental data and are considerably depended on a determination of the Henry constant value. The CWEDD can be alternative tool for the determination of uptake coefficient. Obtained uptake coefficients were in good agreement with data found in other literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Motyka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Holá M, Mikuška P, Hanzlíková R, Kaiser J, Kanický V. Tungsten carbide precursors as an example for influence of a binder on the particle formation in the nanosecond laser ablation of powdered materials. Talanta 2010; 80:1862-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Motyka K, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z. Continuous chemiluminescence determination of formaldehyde in air based on Trautz–Schorigin reaction. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
A simple and inexpensive laboratory generator of test aerosol is described. The generator is based on the principle of pneumatic atomization of a solution of a soluble compound by high-velocity air stream. After evaporation of solvent from produced droplets, solid particles are formed. The generator provides continuous unattended long-term operation with constant aerosol output. The performance characteristics of the generator were evaluated by spraying solutions of NaNO3 and (NH4)2SO4. The generator produced polydisperse aerosol in a fine region of particle sizes with a geometric mean diameter of 52.1 nm and a geometric standard deviation of 1.90 for the NaNO3 concentration in the sprayed solution 30 g/l. The total number concentration of the produced aerosol was 3.14 × 107 cm-3 at a nominal air flow rate 78 l/min. The number concentration of particles increased with increasing flow rate of solution, solute concentration and pressure of compressed air through the atomizer or with decreasing total air flow rate through the generator. The change in any of these variables can be used to adjust the particle number concentration. NaNO3 aerosol generation rate was 0.172 mg/min for the NaNO3 concentration in the sprayed solution 30 g/l.
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Mikuška P, Večeřa Z. Effect of complexones and tensides on selectivity of nitrogen dioxide determination in air with a chemiluminescence aerosol detector. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mikuška P, Večeřa Z. Application of gallic acid and xanthene dyes for determination of ozone in air with a chemiluminescence aerosol detector. Anal Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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