1
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Rajadevan N, Flinkier A, Saunders H, Lee YC, Scott C, Khaw P, Allan P, Davies C, Andrews J, Wilson M, Lombard JM, Harrison M, Nesfield H, DeFazio A, Meniawy T, Gorringe KL. Mucinous ovarian carcinoma: A survey of practice in Australia and New Zealand. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2024. [PMID: 38299485 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare ovarian cancer with limited evidence to support clinical care. AIMS We undertook a clinician survey to better understand current practice in treating MOC in Australia and New Zealand, and to determine any features associated with variation in care. In addition, we aimed to understand future research priorities. METHODS A RedCap survey was distributed to clinician members of the Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group (ANZGOG). Questions included respondent demographics, three case studies and future research priorities. Clinicians were asked questions specific to their speciality. RESULTS Respondents (n = 47) were commonly experienced gynae-oncology specialists, most often surgical (38%) or medical (30%) oncologists. There was good consensus for surgical approaches for stage I disease; however, variation in practice was noted for advanced or recurrent MOC. Variation was also observed for medical oncologists; in early-stage disease there was no clear consensus on whether to offer chemotherapy, or which regimen to recommend. For advanced and recurrent disease a wide range of chemotherapy options was considered, with a trend away from an ovarian-type toward gastrointestinal (GI)-type regimens in advanced MOC. This practice was reflected in future research priorities, with 'Is a GI chemotherapy regimen better than an ovarian regimen?' the most highly ranked option, followed by 'Should stage 1C patients receive chemotherapy?' CONCLUSIONS Although the number of respondents limited the analyses, it was clear that chemotherapy selection was a key point of divergence for medical oncologists. Future research is needed to establish well-evidenced guidelines for clinical care of MOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveditha Rajadevan
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ariane Flinkier
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hugo Saunders
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yeh Chen Lee
- Prince of Wales Hospital and Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare Scott
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pearly Khaw
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prue Allan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claire Davies
- Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Andrews
- Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Wilson
- Auckland City Hospital and The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Heshani Nesfield
- Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna DeFazio
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tarek Meniawy
- St John of God Hospital and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Takano EA, Younes MM, Meehan K, Spalding L, Yan M, Allan P, Fox SB, Redfern A, Clouston D, Giles GG, Christie EL, Anderson RL, Zethoven M, Phillips KA, Gorringe K, Britt KL. Estrogen receptor beta expression in triple negative breast cancers is not associated with recurrence or survival. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:459. [PMID: 37208678 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative BCa (TNBC) is defined by a lack of expression of estrogen (ERα), progesterone (PgR) receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as assessed by protein expression and/or gene amplification. It makes up ~ 15% of all BCa and often has a poor prognosis. TNBC is not treated with endocrine therapies as ERα and PR negative tumors in general do not show benefit. However, a small fraction of the true TNBC tumors do show tamoxifen sensitivity, with those expressing the most common isoform of ERβ1 having the most benefit. Recently, the antibodies commonly used to assess ERβ1 in TNBC have been found to lack specificity, which calls into question available data regarding the proportion of TNBC that express ERβ1 and any relationship to clinical outcome. METHODS To confirm the true frequency of ERβ1 in TNBC we performed robust ERβ1 immunohistochemistry using the specific antibody CWK-F12 ERβ1 on 156 primary TNBC cancers from patients with a median of 78 months (range 0.2-155 months) follow up. RESULTS We found that high expression of ERβ1 was not associated with increased recurrence or survival when assessed as percentage of ERβ1 positive tumor cells or as Allred > 5. In contrast, the non-specific PPG5-10 antibody did show an association with recurrence and survival. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that ERβ1 expression in TNBC tumours does not associate with prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Takano
- Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Melissa M Younes
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Research Division 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Katie Meehan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- The University of Western Australia (M504), 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Lisa Spalding
- The University of Western Australia (M504), 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Max Yan
- South Eastern Area Laboratory Services, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Prue Allan
- Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Stephen B Fox
- Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Andy Redfern
- The University of Western Australia (M504), 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - David Clouston
- TissuPath, 32 Ricketts Rd, Mount Waverley, VIC, 3149, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- 7a Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3012, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L Christie
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Magnus Zethoven
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Peter Mac, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie Gorringe
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kara L Britt
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Research Division 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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3
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Norreys PA, Ceurvorst L, Sadler JD, Spiers BT, Aboushelbaya R, Mayr MW, Paddock R, Ratan N, Savin AF, Wang RHW, Glize K, Trines RMGM, Bingham R, Hill MP, Sircombe N, Ramsay M, Allan P, Hobbs L, James S, Skidmore J, Fyrth J, Luis J, Floyd E, Brown C, Haines BM, Olson RE, Yi SA, Zylstra AB, Flippo K, Bradley PA, Peterson RR, Kline JL, Leeper RJ. Preparations for a European R&D roadmap for an inertial fusion demo reactor. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200005. [PMID: 33280565 PMCID: PMC7741006 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A European consortium of 15 laboratories across nine nations have worked together under the EUROFusion Enabling Research grants for the past decade with three principle objectives. These are: (a) investigating obstacles to ignition on megaJoule-class laser facilities; (b) investigating novel alternative approaches to ignition, including basic studies for fast ignition (both electron and ion-driven), auxiliary heating, shock ignition, etc.; and (c) developing technologies that will be required in the future for a fusion reactor. A brief overview of these activities, presented here, along with new calculations relates the concept of auxiliary heating of inertial fusion targets, and provides possible future directions of research and development for the updated European Roadmap that is due at the end of 2020. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- UKRI-STFC Central Laser Facility, Didcot, UK
| | - L. Ceurvorst
- CELIA, Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Talence, France
| | - J. D. Sadler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - B. T. Spiers
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - M. W. Mayr
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R. Paddock
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N. Ratan
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A. F. Savin
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R. H. W. Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K. Glize
- UKRI-STFC Central Laser Facility, Didcot, UK
| | | | - R. Bingham
- UKRI-STFC Central Laser Facility, Didcot, UK
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - M. P. Hill
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - N. Sircombe
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - M. Ramsay
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - P. Allan
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - L. Hobbs
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - S. James
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Skidmore
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Fyrth
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Luis
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - E. Floyd
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - C. Brown
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - B. M. Haines
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - R. E. Olson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - S. A. Yi
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - K. Flippo
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | | | - J. L. Kline
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - R. J. Leeper
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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4
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Spiers BT, Hill MP, Brown C, Ceurvorst L, Ratan N, Savin AF, Allan P, Floyd E, Fyrth J, Hobbs L, James S, Luis J, Ramsay M, Sircombe N, Skidmore J, Aboushelbaya R, Mayr MW, Paddock R, Wang RHW, Norreys PA. Whole-beam self-focusing in fusion-relevant plasma. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200159. [PMID: 33280566 PMCID: PMC7741010 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fast ignition inertial confinement fusion requires the production of a low-density channel in plasma with density scale-lengths of several hundred microns. The channel assists in the propagation of an ultra-intense laser pulse used to generate fast electrons which form a hot spot on the side of pre-compressed fusion fuel. We present a systematic characterization of an expanding laser-produced plasma using optical interferometry, benchmarked against three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. Magnetic fields associated with channel formation are probed using proton radiography, and compared to magnetic field structures generated in full-scale particle-in-cell simulations. We present observations of long-lived, straight channels produced by the Habara-Kodama-Tanaka whole-beam self-focusing mechanism, overcoming a critical barrier on the path to realizing fast ignition. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. T. Spiers
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M. P. Hill
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - C. Brown
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - L. Ceurvorst
- CELIA, Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Talence, France
| | - N. Ratan
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A. F. Savin
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P. Allan
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - E. Floyd
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Fyrth
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - L. Hobbs
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - S. James
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Luis
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - M. Ramsay
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - N. Sircombe
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | - J. Skidmore
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK
| | | | - M. W. Mayr
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R. Paddock
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R. H. W. Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P. A. Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- UKRI-STFC Central Laser Facility, Didcot, UK
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5
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Kang EY, Cheasley D, LePage C, Wakefield MJ, da Cunha Torres M, Rowley S, Salazar C, Xing Z, Allan P, Bowtell DDL, Mes-Masson AM, Provencher DM, Rahimi K, Kelemen LE, Fasching PA, Doherty JA, Goodman MT, Goode EL, Deen S, Pharoah PDP, Brenton JD, Sieh W, Mateoiu C, Sundfeldt K, Cook LS, Le ND, Anglesio MS, Gilks CB, Huntsman DG, Kennedy CJ, Traficante N, DeFazio A, Kaufmann S, Churchman M, Gourley C, Stephens AN, Meagher NS, Ramus SJ, Antill YC, Campbell I, Scott CL, Köbel M, Gorringe KL. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:194-206. [PMID: 32724153 PMCID: PMC9704519 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
TP53 mutations are implicated in the progression of mucinous borderline tumors (MBOT) to mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC). Optimized immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TP53 has been established as a proxy for the TP53 mutation status in other ovarian tumor types. We aimed to confirm the ability of TP53 IHC to predict TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors and to evaluate the association of TP53 mutation status with survival among patients with MBOT and MOC. Tumor tissue from an initial cohort of 113 women with MBOT/MOC was stained with optimized IHC for TP53 using tissue microarrays (75.2%) or full sections (24.8%) and interpreted using established criteria as normal or abnormal (overexpression, complete absence, or cytoplasmic). Cases were considered concordant if abnormal IHC staining predicted deleterious TP53 mutations. Discordant tissue microarray cases were re-evaluated on full sections and interpretational criteria were refined. The initial cohort was expanded to a total of 165 MBOT and 424 MOC for the examination of the association of survival with TP53 mutation status, assessed either by TP53 IHC and/or sequencing. Initially, 82/113 (72.6%) cases were concordant using the established criteria. Refined criteria for overexpression to account for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation improved concordance to 93.8% (106/113). In the expanded cohort, 19.4% (32/165) of MBOT showed evidence for TP53 mutation and this was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, disease-specific death, and all-cause mortality (overall survival: HR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.3, p = 0.0087). Within MOC, 61.1% (259/424) harbored a TP53 mutation, but this was not associated with survival (overall survival, p = 0.77). TP53 IHC is an accurate proxy for TP53 mutation status with refined interpretation criteria accounting for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation in ovarian mucinous tumors. TP53 mutation status is an important biomarker to identify MBOT with a higher risk of mortality.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Australia
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/genetics
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/mortality
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/pathology
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/therapy
- North America
- Observer Variation
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/mortality
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Reproducibility of Results
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Tissue Array Analysis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dane Cheasley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cecile LePage
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew J Wakefield
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle da Cunha Torres
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone Rowley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carolina Salazar
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhongyue Xing
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Prue Allan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David D L Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Diane M Provencher
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kurosh Rahimi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cancer Prevention and Genetics Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Suha Deen
- Department of Histopathology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Constantina Mateoiu
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda S Cook
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael S Anglesio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine J Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadia Traficante
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Kaufmann
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael Churchman
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlie Gourley
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Nicola S Meagher
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yoland C Antill
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, Australia
- Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare L Scott
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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6
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Cheasley D, Nigam A, Zethoven M, Hunter S, Etemadmoghadam D, Semple T, Allan P, Carey MS, Fernandez ML, Dawson A, Köbel M, Huntsman DG, Le Page C, Mes-Masson AM, Provencher D, Hacker N, Gao Y, Bowtell D, deFazio A, Gorringe KL, Campbell IG. Genomic analysis of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma to identify key drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities. J Pathol 2020; 253:41-54. [PMID: 32901952 DOI: 10.1002/path.5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is associated with a poor response to existing chemotherapy, highlighting the need to perform comprehensive genomic analysis and identify new therapeutic vulnerabilities. The data presented here represent the largest genetic study of LGSOCs to date (n = 71), analysing 127 candidate genes derived from whole exome sequencing cohorts to generate mutation and copy-number variation data. Additionally, immunohistochemistry was performed on our LGSOC cohort assessing oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, TP53, and CDKN2A status. Targeted sequencing identified 47% of cases with mutations in key RAS/RAF pathway genes (KRAS, BRAF, and NRAS), as well as mutations in putative novel driver genes including USP9X (27%), MACF1 (11%), ARID1A (9%), NF2 (4%), DOT1L (6%), and ASH1L (4%). Immunohistochemistry evaluation revealed frequent oestrogen/progesterone receptor positivity (85%), along with CDKN2A protein loss (10%) and CDKN2A protein overexpression (6%), which were linked to shorter disease outcomes. Indeed, 90% of LGSOC samples harboured at least one potentially actionable alteration, which in 19/71 (27%) cases were predictive of clinical benefit from a standard treatment, either in another cancer's indication or in LGSOC specifically. In addition, we validated ubiquitin-specific protease 9X (USP9X), which is a chromosome X-linked substrate-specific deubiquitinase and tumour suppressor, as a relevant therapeutic target for LGSOC. Our comprehensive genomic study highlighted that there is an addiction to a limited number of unique 'driver' aberrations that could be translated into improved therapeutic paths. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane Cheasley
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Abhimanyu Nigam
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Magnus Zethoven
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Bioinformatics Consulting Core, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sally Hunter
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dariush Etemadmoghadam
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy Semple
- Molecular Genomics Core, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Prue Allan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark S Carey
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marta L Fernandez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amy Dawson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cécile Le Page
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Diane Provencher
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Neville Hacker
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yunkai Gao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Bowtell
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hunter SM, Dall GV, Doyle MA, Lupat R, Li J, Allan P, Rowley SM, Bowtell D, Campbell IG, Gorringe KL. Molecular comparison of pure ovarian fibroma with serous benign ovarian tumours. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:349. [PMID: 32698852 PMCID: PMC7376903 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian fibromas and adenofibromas are rare ovarian tumours. They are benign tumours composed of spindle-like stromal cells (pure fibroma) or a mixture of fibroblast and epithelial components (adenofibroma). We have previously shown that 40% of benign serous ovarian tumours are likely primary fibromas due to the neoplastic alterations being restricted to the stromal compartment of these tumours. We further explore this finding by comparing benign serous tumours to pure fibromas. RESULTS Performing copy number aberration (CNA) analysis on the stromal component of 45 benign serous tumours and 8 pure fibromas, we have again shown that trisomy of chromosome 12 is the most common aberration in ovarian fibromas. CNAs were more frequent in the pure fibromas than the benign serous tumours (88% vs 33%), however pure fibromas more frequently harboured more than one CNA event compared with benign serous tumours. As these extra CNA events observed in the pure fibromas were unique to this subset our data indicates a unique tumour evolution. Gene expression analysis on the two cohorts was unable to show gene expression changes that differed based on tumour subtype. Exome analysis did not reveal any recurrently mutated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally M Hunter
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve V Dall
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maria A Doyle
- Bioinformatics Core Facility Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Lupat
- Bioinformatics Core Facility Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason Li
- Bioinformatics Core Facility Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prue Allan
- Anatomical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simone M Rowley
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Bowtell
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia.,The Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Ian G Campbell
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia.,The Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia. .,The Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. .,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. .,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia.
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Patel P, Fragkos K, Keane N, Mountford C, Wilkinson D, Johnson A, Naghibi M, Chan D, Roberts B, Neild P, Yalcin M, Allan P, Fitzpatrick M, Gomez M, Williams S, Kok K, Sharkey L, Swfit C, Forbes A, Mehta S, Rahman F, Di Caro S. MON-PO399: Nutritional Care Pathways of Patients with Malignant Bowel Obstruction: Preliminary Findings from 8 UK Centres. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Patel P, Fragkos K, Keane N, Mountford C, Wilkinson D, Johnson A, Naghibi M, Chan D, Roberts B, Neild P, Yalcin M, Allan P, Fitzpatrick M, Gomez M, Williams S, Kok K, Sharkey L, Swfit C, Forbes A, Mehta S, Rahman F, Di Caro S. MON-PO400: Parenteral Nutrition in Patients with Malignant Bowel Obstruction: Preliminary Findings from 8 UK Centres: Are all Patients Referred Appropriately? Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Patel PS, Fragkos K, Keane N, Mountford C, Wilkinson D, Johnson A, Naghibi M, Chan D, Roberts B, Neild P, Metin Devrim Y, Allan P, Fitzpatrick M, Gomez M, Williams S, Kok K, Sharkey L, Swift C, Forbes A, Mehta S, Rahman F, Di Caro S. OWE-17 Nutritional care pathways of patients with malignant bowel obstruction: preliminary findings from 8 UK Centres. Nutrition 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-bsgabstracts.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ravindran RP, McGuire J, Patel M, Loo L, Patel M, Vokes L, Holdaway L, Smith A, Vrakas G, Reddy S, Friend P, Shine B, Allan P. PWE-095 Serum micronutrients levels are maintained post-intestinal transplant in keeping with graft function. Nutrition 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314472.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Von Seth M, Hillered L, Otterbeck A, Hanslin K, Larsson A, Sjölin J, Lipcsey M, Cove ME, Chew NS, Vu LH, Lim RZ, Puthucheary Z, Hanslin K, Wilske F, Skorup P, Tano E, Sjölin J, Lipcsey M, Derese I, Thiessen S, Derde S, Dufour T, Pauwels L, Bekhuis Y, Van den Berghe G, Vanhorebeek I, Khan M, Dwivedi D, Zhou J, Prat A, Seidah NG, Liaw PC, Fox-Robichaud AE, Von Seth M, Skorup P, Hillered L, Larsson A, Sjölin J, Lipcsey M, Otterbeck A, Hanslin K, Lipcsey M, Larsson A, Von Seth M, Correa T, Pereira J, Takala J, Jakob S, Skorup P, Maudsdotter L, Tano E, Lipcsey M, Castegren M, Larsson A, Sjölin J, Xue M, Xu JY, Liu L, Huang YZ, Guo FM, Yang Y, Qiu HB, Kuzovlev A, Moroz V, Goloubev A, Myazin A, Chumachenko A, Pisarev V, Takeyama N, Tsuda M, Kanou H, Aoki R, Kajita Y, Hashiba M, Terashima T, Tomino A, Davies R, O’Dea KP, Soni S, Ward JK, O’Callaghan DJ, Takata M, Gordon AC, Wilson J, Zhao Y, Singer M, Spencer J, Shankar-Hari M, Genga KR, Lo C, Cirstea MS, Walley KR, Russell JA, Linder A, Boyd JH, Sedlag A, Riedel C, Georgieff M, Barth E, Debain A, Jonckheer J, Moeyersons W, Van zwam K, Puis L, Staessens K, Honoré PM, Spapen HD, De Waele E, de Garibay APR, Bracht H, Ende-Schneider B, Schreiber C, Kreymann B, Bini A, Votino E, Giuliano G, Steinberg I, Vetrugno L, Trunfio D, Sidoti A, Essig A, Brogi E, Forfori F, Conroy M, Marsh B, O’Flynn J, Henne-Bruns D, Gebhard F, Orend K, Halatsch M, Weiss M, Chase M, Freinkman E, Uber A, Liu X, Cocchi MN, Donnino MW, Peetermans M, Liesenborghs L, Claes J, Vanassche T, Hoylaerts M, Jacquemin M, Vanhoorelbeke K, De Meyer S, Verhamme P, Vögeli A, Ottiger M, Meier M, Steuer C, Bernasconi L, Huber A, Christ-Crain M, Henzen C, Hoess C, Thomann R, Zimmerli W, Müller B, Schütz P, Hoppensteadt D, Walborn A, Rondina M, Tsuruta K, Fareed J, Tachyla S, Ikeda T, Ono S, Ueno T, Suda S, Nagura T, Damiani E, Domizi R, Scorcella C, Tondi S, Pierantozzi S, Ciucani S, Mininno N, Adrario E, Pelaia P, Donati A, Andersen MS, Lu S, Lopez G, Lassen AT, Ghiran I, Shapiro NI, Trahtemberg U, Sviri S, Beil M, Agur Z, Van Heerden P, Jahaj E, Vassiliou A, Mastora Z, Orfanos SE, Kotanidou A, Wirz Y, Sager R, Amin D, Amin A, Haubitz S, Hausfater P, Huber A, Kutz A, Mueller B, Schuetz P, Sager RS, Wirz YW, Amin DA, Amin AA, Hausfater PH, Huber AH, Haubitz S, Kutz A, Mueller B, Schuetz P, Gottin L, Dell’amore C, Stringari G, Cogo G, Ceolagraziadei M, Sommavilla M, Soldani F, Polati E, Meier M, Baumgartner T, Zurauskaité G, Gupta S, Mueller B, Devendra A, Schuetz P, Mandaci D, Eren G, Ozturk F, Emir N, Hergunsel O, Azaiez S, Khedher S, Maaoui A, Salem M, Chernevskaya E, Beloborodova N, Bedova A, Sarshor YU, Pautova A, Gusarov V, Öveges N, László I, Forgács M, Kiss T, Hankovszky P, Palágyi P, Bebes A, Gubán B, Földesi I, Araczki Á, Telkes M, Ondrik Z, Helyes Z, Kemény Á, Molnár Z, Spanuth E, Ebelt H, Ivandic B, Thomae R, Werdan K, El-Shafie M, Taema K, El-Hallag M, Kandeel A, Tayeh O, Taema K, Eldesouky M, Omara A, Winkler MS, Holzmann M, Nierhaus A, Mudersbach E, Schwedhelm E, Daum G, Kluge S, Zoellner C, Greiwe G, Sawari H, Schwedhelm E, Nierhaus A, Kluge S, Kubitz J, Jung R, Daum G, Reichenspurner H, Zoellner C, Winkler MS, Groznik M, Ihan A, Andersen LW, Chase M, Holmberg MJ, Wulff A, Cocchi MN, Donnino MW, Balci C, Haliloglu M, Bilgili B, Bilgin H, Kasapoglu U, Sayan I, Süzer M, Mulazımoglu L, Cinel I, Patel V, Shah S, Parulekar P, Minton C, Patel J, Ejimofo C, Choi H, Costa R, Caruso P, Nassar P, Fu J, Jin J, Xu Y, Kong J, Wu D, Yaguchi A, Klonis A, Ganguly S, Kollef M, Burnham C, Fuller B, Mavrommati A, Chatzilia D, Salla E, Papadaki E, Kamariotis S, Christodoulatos S, Stylianakis A, Alamanos G, Simoes M, Trigo E, Silva N, Martins P, Pimentel J, Baily D, Curran LA, Ahmadnia E, Patel BV, Adukauskiene D, Cyziute J, Adukauskaite A, Pentiokiniene D, Righetti F, Colombaroli E, Castellano G, Wilske F, Skorup P, Lipcsey M, Hanslin K, Larsson A, Sjölin J, Man M, Shum HP, Chan YH, Chan KC, Yan WW, Lee RA, Lau SK, Dilokpattanamongkol P, Thirapakpoomanunt P, Anakkamaetee R, Montakantikul P, Tangsujaritvijit V, Sinha S, Pati J, Sahu S, Adukauskiene D, Valanciene D, Dambrauskiene A, Adukauskiene D, Valanciene D, Dambrauskiene A, Hernandez K, Lopez T, Saca D, Bello M, Mahmood W, Hamed K, Al Badi N, AlThawadi S, Al Hosaini S, Salahuddin N, Cilloniz CC, Ceccato AC, Bassi GLL, Ferrer MF, Gabarrus AG, Ranzani OR, Jose ASS, Vidal CGG, de la Bella Casa JPP, Blasi FB, Torres AT, Adukauskiene D, Ciginskiene A, Dambrauskiene A, Simoliuniene R, Giuliano G, Triunfio D, Sozio E, Taddei E, Brogi E, Sbrana F, Ripoli A, Bertolino G, Tascini C, Forfori F, Fleischmann C, Goldfarb D, Schlattmann P, Schlapbach L, Kissoon N, Baykara N, Akalin H, Arslantas MK, Gavrilovic SG, Vukoja MV, Hache MH, Kashyap RK, Dong YD, Gajic OG, Ranzani O, Shankar-Hari M, Harrison D, Rabello L, Rowan K, Salluh J, Soares M, Markota AM, Fluher JF, Kogler DK, Borovšak ZB, Sinkovic AS, László I, Öveges N, Forgács M, Kiss T, Hankovszky P, Palágyi P, Bebes A, Gubán B, Földesi I, Araczki Á, Telkes M, Ondrik Z, Helyes Z, Kemény Á, Molnár Z, Fareed J, Siddiqui Z, Aggarwal P, Iqbal O, Hoppensteadt D, Lewis M, Wasmund R, Abro S, Raghuvir S, Tsuruta K, Barie PS, Fineberg D, Radford A, Tsuruta K, Casazza A, Vilardo A, Bellazzi E, Boschi R, Ciprandi D, Gigliuto C, Preda R, Vanzino R, Vetere M, Carnevale L, Kyriazopoulou E, Pistiki A, Routsi C, Tsangaris I, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Kyriazopoulou E, Tsangaris I, Routsi C, Pnevmatikos I, Vlachogiannis G, Antoniadou E, Mandragos K, Armaganidis A, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Allan P, Oehmen R, Luo J, Ellis C, Latham P, Newman J, Pritchett C, Pandya D, Cripps A, Harris S, Jadav M, Langford R, Ko B, Park H, Beumer CM, Koch R, Beuningen DV, Oudelashof AM, Vd Veerdonk FL, Kolwijck E, VanderHoeven JG, Bergmans DC, Hoedemaekers C, Brandt JB, Golej J, Burda G, Mostafa G, Schneider A, Vargha R, Hermon M, Levin P, Broyer C, Assous M, Wiener-Well Y, Dahan M, Benenson S, Ben-Chetrit E, Faux A, Sherazi R, Sethi A, Saha S, Kiselevskiy M, Gromova E, Loginov S, Tchikileva I, Dolzhikova Y, Krotenko N, Vlasenko R, Anisimova N, Spadaro S, Fogagnolo A, Remelli F, Alvisi V, Romanello A, Marangoni E, Volta C, Degrassi A, Mearelli F, Casarsa C, Fiotti N, Biolo G, Cariqueo M, Luengo C, Galvez R, Romero C, Cornejo R, Llanos O, Estuardo N, Alarcon P, Magazi B, Khan S, Pasipanodya J, Eriksson M, Strandberg G, Lipsey M, Larsson A, Rajput Z, Hiscock F, Karadag T, Uwagwu J, Jain S, Molokhia A, Barrasa H, Soraluce A, Uson E, Rodriguez A, Isla A, Martin A, Fernández B, Fonseca F, Sánchez-Izquierdo JA, Maynar FJ, Kaffarnik M, Alraish R, Frey O, Roehr A, Stockmann M, Wicha S, Shortridge D, Castanheira M, Sader HS, Streit JM, Flamm RK, Falsetta K, Lam T, Reidt S, Jancik J, Kinoshita T, Yoshimura J, Yamakawa K, Fujimi S, Armaganidis A, Torres A, Zakynthinos S, Mandragos C, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Ramirez P, De la Torre-Prados M, Rodriguez A, Dale G, Wach A, Beni L, Hooftman L, Zwingelstein C, François B, Colin G, Dequin PF, Laterre PF, Perez A, Welte R, Lorenz I, Eller P, Joannidis M, Bellmann R, Lim S, Chana S, Patel S, Higuera J, Cabestrero D, Rey L, Narváez G, Blandino A, Aroca M, Saéz S, De Pablo R, Thiessen S, Vanhorebeek I, Derde S, Derese I, Dufour T, Albert CN, Langouche L, Goossens C, Peersman N, Vermeersch P, Vander Perre S, Holst J, Wouters P, Van den Berghe G, Liu X, Uber AU, Holmberg M, Konanki V, McNaughton M, Zhang J, Donnino MW, Demirkiran O, Byelyalov A, Luengo C, Guerrero J, Cariqueo M, Scorcella C, Domizi R, Damiani E, Tondi S, Pierantozzi S, Rossini N, Falanga U, Monaldi V, Adrario E, Pelaia P, Donati A, Cole O, Scawn N, Balciunas M, Blascovics I, Vuylsteke A, Salaunkey K, Omar A, Salama A, Allam M, Alkhulaifi A, Verstraete S, Vanhorebeek I, Van Puffelen E, Derese I, Ingels C, Verbruggen S, Wouters P, Joosten K, Hanot J, Guerra G, Vlasselaers D, Lin J, Van den Berghe G, Haines R, Zolfaghari P, Hewson R, Offiah C, Prowle J, Park H, Ko B, Buter H, Veenstra JA, Koopmans M, Boerma EC, Veenstra JA, Buter H, Koopmans M, Boerma EC, Taha A, Shafie A, Hallaj S, Gharaibeh D, Hon H, Bizrane M, El Khattate AA, Madani N, Abouqal R, Belayachi J, Kongpolprom N, Sanguanwong N, Sanaie S, Mahmoodpoor A, Hamishehkar H, Biderman P, Van Heerden P, Avitzur Y, Solomon S, Iakobishvili Z, Carmi U, Gorfil D, Singer P, Paisley C, Patrick-Heselton J, Mogk M, Humphreys J, Welters I, Pierantozzi S, Scorcella C, Domizi R, Damiani E, Tondi S, Casarotta E, Bolognini S, Adrario E, Pelaia P, Donati A, Holmberg MJ, Moskowitz A, Patel P, Grossestreuer A, Uber A, Andersen LW, Donnino MW, Malinverni S, Goedeme D, Mols P, Langlois PL, Szwec C, D’Aragon F, Heyland DK, Manzanares W, Manzanares W, Szwec C, Langlois P, Aramendi I, Heyland D, Stankovic N, Nadler J, Uber A, Holmberg M, Sanchez L, Wolfe R, Chase M, Donnino M, Cocchi M, Atalan HK, Gucyetmez B, Kavlak ME, Aslan S, Kargi A, Yazici S, Donmez R, Polat KY, Piechota M, Piechota A, Misztal M, Bernas S, Pietraszek-Grzywaczewska I, Saleh M, Hamdy A, Hamdy A, Elhallag M, Atar F, Kundakci A, Gedik E, Sahinturk H, Zeyneloglu P, Pirat A, Popescu M, Tomescu D, Van Gassel R, Baggerman M, Schaap F, Bol M, Nicolaes G, Beurskens D, Damink SO, Van de Poll M, Horibe M, Sasaki M, Sanui M, Iwasaki E, Sawano H, Goto T, Ikeura T, Hamada T, Oda T, Mayumi T, Kanai T, Kjøsen G, Horneland R, Rydenfelt K, Aandahl E, Tønnessen T, Haugaa H, Lockett P, Evans L, Somerset L, Ker-Reid F, Laver S, Courtney E, Dalton S, Georgiou A, Robinson K, Lam T, Haas B, Reidt S, Bartlett K, Jancik J, Bigwood M, Hanley R, Morgan P, Marouli D, Chatzimichali A, Kolyvaki S, Panteli A, Diamantaki E, Pediaditis E, Sirogianni P, Ginos P, Kondili E, Georgopoulos D, Askitopoulou H, Zampieri FG, Liborio AB, Besen BA, Cavalcanti AB, Dominedò C, Dell’Anna AM, Monayer A, Grieco DL, Barelli R, Cutuli SL, Maddalena AI, Picconi E, Sonnino C, Sandroni C, Antonelli M, Gucyetmez B, Atalan HK, Tuzuner F, Cakar N, Jacob M, Sahu S, Singh YP, Mehta Y, Yang KY, Kuo S, Rai V, Cheng T, Ertmer C, Czempik P, Hutchings S, Watts S, Wilson C, Burton C, Kirkman E, Drennan D, O’Prey A, MacKay A, Forrest R, Oglinda A, Ciobanu G, Casian M, Oglinda C, Lun CT, Yuen HJ, Ng G, Leung A, So SO, Chan HS, Lai KY, Sanguanwit P, Charoensuk W, Phakdeekitcharoen B, Batres-Baires G, Kammerzell I, Lahmer T, Mayr U, Schmid R, Huber W, Spanuth E, Bomberg H, Klingele M, Thomae R, Groesdonk H, Bernas S, Piechota M, Mirkiewicz K, Pérez AG, Silva J, Ramos A, Acharta F, Perezlindo M, Lovesio L, Antonelli PG, Dogliotti A, Lovesio C, Baron J, Schiefer J, Baron DM, Faybik P, Shum HP, Yan WW, Chan TM, Marouli D, Chatzimichali A, Kolyvaki S, Panteli A, Diamantaki E, Pediaditis E, Sirogianni P, Ginos P, Kondili E, Georgopoulos D, Askitopoulou H, Vicka V, Gineityte D, Ringaitiene D, Sipylaite J, Pekarskiene J, Beurskens DM, Van Smaalen TC, Hoogland P, Winkens B, Christiaans MH, Reutelingsperger CP, Van Heurn E, Nicolaes GA, Schmitt FS, Salgado ES, Friebe JF, Fleming TF, Zemva JZ, Schmoch TS, Uhle FU, Kihm LK, Morath CM, Nusshag CN, Zeier MZ, Bruckner TB, Mehrabi AM, Nawroth PN, Weigand MW, Hofer SH, Brenner TB, Fotopoulou G, Poularas I, Kokkoris S, Brountzos E, Zakynthinos S, Routsi C, Saleh M, Elghonemi M, Nilsson KF, Sandin J, Gustafsson L, Frithiof R, Skorniakov I, Varaksin A, Vikulova D, Shaikh O, Whiteley C, Ostermann M, Di Lascio G, Anicetti L, Bonizzoli M, Fulceri G, Migliaccio ML, Sentina P, Cozzolino M, Peris A, Khadzhynov D, Halleck F, Staeck O, Lehner L, Budde K, Slowinski T, Slowinski T, Kindgen-Milles D, Khadzhynov D, Huysmans N, Laenen MV, Helmschrodt A, Boer W. 37th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (part 3 of 3). Crit Care 2017. [PMCID: PMC5374592 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Bentley C, Allan P, Brent K, Bruce N, Hoarty D, Meadowcroft A, Percival J, Opie C. Calibration of X-ray spectrometers for opacity experiments at the Orion laser facility (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D505. [PMID: 27910635 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurately calibrated and characterised x-ray diagnostics are a key requirement in the fielding of experiments on the Orion laser where absolute measurements of x-ray emission are used to underpin the validity of models of emissivity and opacity. Diffraction crystals are used in spectrometers on Orion to record the dispersed spectral features emitted by the laser produced plasma to obtain a measurement of the plasma conditions. The ability to undertake diffraction crystal calibrations supports the successful outcome of these Orion experiments. This paper details the design and commissioning of a system to undertake these calibrations in the energy range 2.0 keV to approximately 8.5 keV. Improvements to the design are detailed which will extend the commissioned range of energies to below 1 keV.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bentley
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - P Allan
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - K Brent
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - N Bruce
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - D Hoarty
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - A Meadowcroft
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - J Percival
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
| | - C Opie
- Plasma Physics Group, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, England
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Abstract
We studied the value of carrying out urethral samples in women to diagnose gonorrhoea. All cases of genital gonorrhoea in women were identified (between 1 October 2000 and 30 September 2001) at the Whittall Street Clinic and the genitourinary medicine department at the Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital. Two hundred and twenty-four cases of female urethral gonorrhoea were identified. In 20 cases (6.3%) the urethra was the sole site of the infection. At the Whittall Street Clinic, we had to carry out 643 urethral samples in order to treat one additional case of gonorrhoea. On the other hand, 1204 urethral samples were requested to treat one additional case of female gonorrhoea at the Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital. In both units, use of the Gram-stained urethral smear permitted early treatment in only 1.8% of cases of genital gonorrhoea. Units with low prevalence of gonorrhoea should consider abandoning urethral samples for the diagnosis of gonorrhoea in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ghanem
- Whittall Street Clinic, Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Whittall Street, Birmingham B4 6DH, UK.
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Beiersdorfer P, Magee EW, Brown GV, Chen H, Emig J, Hell N, Bitter M, Hill KW, Allan P, Brown CRD, Hill MP, Hoarty DJ, Hobbs LMR, James SF. Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:063501. [PMID: 27370448 DOI: 10.1063/1.4952748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a high-resolution x-ray spectrometer for measuring the shapes of spectral lines produced from laser-irradiated targets on the Orion laser facility. The instrument utilizes a spherically bent crystal geometry to spatially focus and spectrally analyze photons from foil or microdot targets. The high photon collection efficiency resulting from its imaging properties allows the instrument to be mounted outside the Orion chamber, where it is far less sensitive to particles, hard x-rays, or electromagnetic pulses than instruments housed close to the target chamber center in ten-inch manipulators. Moreover, Bragg angles above 50° are possible, which provide greatly improved spectral resolution compared to radially viewing, near grazing-incidence crystal spectrometers. These properties make the new instrument an ideal lineshape diagnostic for determining plasma temperature and density. We describe its calibration on the Livermore electron beam ion trap facility and present spectral data of the K-shell emission from highly charged sulfur produced by long-pulse as well as short-pulse beams on the Orion laser in the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beiersdorfer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E W Magee
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G V Brown
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H Chen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Emig
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Hell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Bitter
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - K W Hill
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - P Allan
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - C R D Brown
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - M P Hill
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - D J Hoarty
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - L M R Hobbs
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - S F James
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
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Allan P, Newman M, Collinson J, Bond L, English W. Use of an electronic medical record system to improve antimicrobial stewardship. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4470861 DOI: 10.1186/cc14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Syme D, Popovichev S, Conroy S, Lengar I, Snoj L, Sowden C, Giacomelli L, Hermon G, Allan P, Macheta P, Plummer D, Stephens J, Batistoni P, Prokopowicz R, Jednorog S, Abhangi M, Makwana R. Fusion yield measurements on JET and their calibration. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Allan P, Nixon E, Sidhu S, Teubner A, Abraham A, Carlson G, Lal S. PP152-SUN: Development and Outcome of Intestinal Failure in Crohn’s Disease: 3 Decades of Experience. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reilly DJ, Volchek M, Ting JWC, Allan P, Findlay MW. Rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in metastatic melanoma: making sense of a rare but complex form of mimicry. Int J Surg Pathol 2013; 22:520-4. [PMID: 24275885 DOI: 10.1177/1066896913510031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A case of melanoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation is presented in the context of the previously reported cases. The emerging literature seeking to identify the molecular basis of rhabdoid and rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, as well as their poor prognosis, is reviewed. The combination of a diverse range of morphology and the potential for spontaneous primary tumor regression, despite metastasis, makes the accurate diagnosis of melanoma challenging. Histopathology review is often recommended in these cases, as is referral to a specialized cancer center for discussion in a multidisciplinary meeting. Improved recognition of this rare pattern of melanoma morphology may provide the means for omics-based techniques to identify novel therapeutic targets to improve the prognostic outlook for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Reilly
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mila Volchek
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Prue Allan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael W Findlay
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Campbell I, Hunter S, Mathew W, Antill Y, Bae S, Ananda S, Topp M, Lipton L, Liauw W, Jobling T, Boussioutas A, Christie M, Allan P, Friedlander M, Fox S, Defazio A, Bowtell D, Pyman J, Scott C, Gorringe K. Abstract A3: Mucinous ovarian tumors: Are they all the same? Clin Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ovca13-a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Mucinous adenocarcinomas (MC) comprise a distinct group of neoplasms that can arise in multiple organs, such as the ovary, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, but are relatively understudied. Mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC) are a distinct histological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, with late stage and high-grade MOC often resistant to standard platinum-based ovarian chemotherapeutic regimens. Controversy exists over whether high-grade MOC arise in the ovary or represent metastases from distant sites with secondary ovarian involvement. This study aims to determine if differences exist at the molecular level that distinguish low- and high-grade MOC, mucinous tumours of extra-ovarian origin (EOM) and primary MC from other sites, as this has significant implications for treatment strategies.
Methods: We are identifying cases of low- and high-grade MOC from CART-WHEEL.org, the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study and national and international tissue banks. High-resolution molecular characterization of these cases using whole-exome sequencing, copy number arrays and RNAseq will be compared to similar data generated for mucinous cystadenomas and borderline ovarian tumours (the putative precursors to MOC), and cases of EOM, pseudomyxoma peritonei and primary MC from other sites.
Results: Copy number analysis and mutation screening (KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, TP53, CDKN2A) of 22 cystadenomas, 22 borderline tumours and 31 MOC has identified activating RAS/RAF pathway mutations concurrent with CDKN2A loss by homozygous deletion, inactivating mutations and loss of heterozygosity as common to all mucinous ovarian tumours, while TP53 mutations were largely restricted to MOC. Exome sequencing of selected cases has revealed additional genes recurrently targeted by deleterious mutations.
Conclusions: Preliminary findings demonstrate that the majority of MOC share genomic events with their putative precursors, supporting a cystadenoma-borderline-carcinoma progression for both low- and high-grade MOC. Intriguingly, exome sequencing suggests a significant overlap of mutated genes with mucinous tumours arising from other organ sites, although it remains to be seen whether gene expression analysis can distinguish site of origin for tumours with a mucinous histology.
Citation Format: Ian Campbell, Sally Hunter, Wakefield Mathew, Yoland Antill, Susie Bae, Sumitra Ananda, Monique Topp, Lara Lipton, Winston Liauw, Thomas Jobling, Alex Boussioutas, Michael Christie, Prue Allan, Michael Friedlander Michael Friedlander, Stephen Fox, Anna Defazio, David Bowtell, Jan Pyman, Study Australian Ovarian Cancer, Clare Scott, Kylie Gorringe. Mucinous ovarian tumors: Are they all the same? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Campbell
- 1Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia,
| | - Sally Hunter
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia,
| | - Wakefield Mathew
- 3Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,
| | | | - Susie Bae
- 5Biogrid, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | | | - Monique Topp
- 3Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,
| | - Lara Lipton
- 7Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
| | | | | | | | | | - Prue Allan
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia,
| | | | - Stephen Fox
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia,
| | | | - David Bowtell
- 1Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia,
| | - Jan Pyman
- 6Royal Womens Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Clare Scott
- 3Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,
| | - Kylie Gorringe
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia,
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Crofts O, Allan P, Raimbach J, Tesini A, Choi CH, Damiani C, Van Uffelen M. Applying remote handling attributes to the ITER neutral beam cell monorail crane. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hoarty DJ, Allan P, James SF, Brown CRD, Hobbs LMR, Hill MP, Harris JWO, Morton J, Brookes MG, Shepherd R, Dunn J, Chen H, Von Marley E, Beiersdorfer P, Chung HK, Lee RW, Brown G, Emig J. Observations of the effect of ionization-potential depression in hot dense plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:265003. [PMID: 23848885 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.265003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The newly commissioned Orion laser system has been used to study dense plasmas created by a combination of short pulse laser heating and compression by laser driven shocks. Thus the plasma density was systematically varied between 1 and 10 g/cc by using aluminum samples buried in plastic foils or diamond sheets. The aluminum was heated to electron temperatures between 500 and 700 eV allowing the plasma conditions to be diagnosed by K-shell emission spectroscopy. The K-shell spectra show the effect of the ionization potential depression as a function of density. The data are compared to simulated spectra which account for the change in the ionization potential by the commonly used Stewart and Pyatt prescription and an alternative due to Ecker and Kröll suggested by recent x-ray free-electron laser experiments. The experimental data are in closer agreement with simulations using the model of Stewart and Pyatt.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hoarty
- Directorate of Research and Applied Science, AWE plc, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
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Loving A, Allan P, Sykes N, Collins S, Murcutt P. Development and application of high volume remote handling systems in support of JET and ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Allan P, Uitte de Willige S, Abou-Saleh RH, Connell SD, Ariëns RAS. Evidence that fibrinogen γ' directly interferes with protofibril growth: implications for fibrin structure and clot stiffness. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:1072-80. [PMID: 22463367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen contains an alternatively spliced γ-chain (γ'), which mainly exists as a heterodimer with the common γA-chain (γA/γ'). Fibrinogen γ' has been reported to inhibit thrombin and modulate fibrin structure, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underpinning the influence of γ' on fibrin polymerization, structure and viscoelasticity. METHODS γA/γA and γA/γ' fibrinogens were separated using anion exchange chromatography. Cross-linking was controlled with purified FXIIIa and a synthetic inhibitor. Fibrin polymerization was analyzed by turbidity and gel-point time was measured using a coagulometer. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to image protofibril formation while final clot structure was assessed by confocal and scanning electron microscopy. Clot viscoelasticity was measured using a magnetic microrheometer. RESULTS γA/γ' fibrin formed shorter oligomers by AFM than γA/γA, which in addition gelled earlier. γA/γ' clots displayed a non-homogenous arrangement of thin fibers compared with the uniform arrangements of thick fibers for γA/γA clots. These differences in clot structure were not due to thrombin inhibition as demonstrated in clots made with reptilase. Non-cross-linked γA/γA fibrin was approximately 2.7 × stiffer than γA/γ'. Cross-linking by FXIIIa increased the stiffness of both fibrin variants; however, the difference in stiffness increased to approximately 4.6 × (γA/γA vs. γA/γ'). CONCLUSIONS Fibrinogen γ' is associated with the formation of mechanically weaker, non-uniform clots composed of thin fibers. This is caused by direct disruption of protofibril formation by γ'.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Allan
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Forbes S, Taylor-Robinson SD, Patel N, Allan P, Walker BR, Johnston DG. Increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in European women with a history of gestational diabetes. Diabetologia 2011; 54:641-7. [PMID: 21153530 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-2009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in type 2 diabetes but it is unknown whether NAFLD is prevalent in European women at risk of type 2 diabetes. We studied the prevalence of, and risk factors for, NAFLD in European women with previous gestational diabetes (GDM) at high risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS A total of 110 women with previous GDM and 113 without previous GDM, with non-diabetic glucose tolerance were recruited retrospectively from antenatal databases. Participants underwent liver ultrasound scan examination, anthropometry and blood sampling for liver function tests and to determine levels of fasting lipids, NEFA and insulin and glucose concentrations in order to derive insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion indices (HOMA%S and HOMA%B, respectively). RESULTS There was no significant difference in BMI in women with previous GDM compared with those without previous GDM (28.9 ± 0.6 vs. 27.9 ± 0.6 kg/m(2), respectively; p = 0.12). Women with previous GDM had higher fasting and 2 h glucose concentrations following a 75 g OGTT ([mean ± SEM] fasting glucose 5.3 ± 0.1 vs. 5.1 ± 0.1 mmol/l, p = 0.02; 2 h glucose 6.8 ± 0.2 vs. 5.8 ± 0.3 mmol/l, p = 0.02), dyslipidaemia (LDL-cholesterol 3.3 ± 0.1 vs. 2.8 ± 0.1 mmol/l; HDL-cholesterol [median {interquartile range}] 1.3 [1.2-1.6] vs. 1.8 [1.5-1.9] mmol/l; triacylglycerol 1.3 [0.9-1.6] vs. 1.0 [0.7-1.7] mmol/l, all p ≤ 0.03), higher insulin secretion and lower insulin sensitivity. NAFLD prevalence was greater in women with previous GDM compared with those without previous GDM: 38% (95% CI 28-47%) vs. 17% (95% CI 10-24%), p = 0.001. In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower insulin sensitivity and raised serum alanine transaminase concentrations were associated with NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION NAFLD is prevalent in European women with previous GDM. Impaired insulin sensitivity and increased liver transaminase activity are closely associated with NAFLD in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Forbes
- Endocrinology Unit, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Allan P, Bevis M. Deformation processes in thin melt-cast films of high-density polyethylene† II. Deformation processes in the non-equatorial regions of spherulites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618008239333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- G Browne
- Department of Renal Medicine, Lothian University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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Praseedom RK, Jalan R, Allan P, McGilchrist A, Roddie H, Madhavan KK. Combined hepatic artery and segmental portal vein occlusion in antiphospholipid syndrome. Dig Surg 2001; 17:405-6. [PMID: 11053952 DOI: 10.1159/000018888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome can have various clinical presentations, two of the most common being arterial and venous thrombosis. It is, however, unusual for them to occur in combination. We report here a case of combined hepatic artery and segmental portal venous occlusion in a 32-year-old patient who was shown to have a lupus anticoagulant. There have been no previous reports of thrombosis occurring simultaneously in the coeliac axis and the portal vein. Computerised tomography, Doppler ultrasound scanning and selective visceral angiography were used to demonstrate the anatomical lesions. The patient was treated medically with unfractionated heparin leading to a favourable clinical outcome. The diagnosis and management of this case is discussed with reference to the current literature on visceral thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Praseedom
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, UK.
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Bradbury A, Evans CJ, Allan P, Lee AJ, Ruckley CV, Fowkes FG. The relationship between lower limb symptoms and superficial and deep venous reflux on duplex ultrasonography: The Edinburgh Vein Study. J Vasc Surg 2000; 32:921-31. [PMID: 11054224 DOI: 10.1067/mva.2000.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work from this group has demonstrated the relationships between lower limb symptoms and the presence and severity of trunk varicose veins as seen on clinical examination to be generally weak, symptom specific, and gender dependent. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to investigate the relationships in the general population between lower limb symptoms and the presence of superficial or deep venous reflux. METHODS A cross-sectional study was made of an age-stratified random sample of 1566 subjects (699 men and 867 women) aged 18 to 64 selected from 12 general practices in Edinburgh, Scotland. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding symptoms (heaviness/tension, a feeling of swelling, aching, restless legs, cramps, itching, tingling) and underwent duplex ultrasound examination of the superficial and deep venous systems of both legs. Reflux of 0.5 seconds or greater was considered pathologic. Deep venous reflux was defined as reflux in at least the popliteal vein. RESULTS There was a significant positive relationship between isolated superficial reflux and the presence of heaviness/tension (P <.025, both legs) and itching (P =.002, left leg) in women. Isolated superficial reflux in men was not significantly positively associated with any symptom. Isolated deep venous reflux was not significantly related to any symptom in either leg in either sex. Combined reflux was related to a feeling of swelling (P =.018, right leg; P =.0022, left leg), cramps (P =.0049, left leg) and itching (P =.0043, left leg) in men, and aching (P =.03, right leg) and cramps (P =.026, left leg) in women. CONCLUSION In the general population, only certain lower limb symptoms were related to the presence of reflux on duplex ultrasound scanning. The strongest relationships were observed in the left legs of men with combined superficial and deep reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bradbury
- University Department of Vascular Surgery, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, England, UK.
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Gadi VK, Alexander SD, Kudlow JE, Allan P, Parker WB, Sorscher EJ. In vivo sensitization of ovarian tumors to chemotherapy by expression of E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase in a small fraction of cells. Gene Ther 2000; 7:1738-43. [PMID: 11083495 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This report examines a major barrier to suicide gene therapy in cancer and other diseases: namely, bystander cell killing. Existing vectors for in vivo gene delivery are inefficient and often transduce or transfect less than 1% of target cells. The E. coli PNP gene brings about cellular necrosis under conditions when 1 in 100 to 1 in 1000 cells express the gene product in vitro. In vivo bystander killing at or near this magnitude has not been reported previously. In the present experiments, transfection of cells with the E. coli PNP gene controlled by a SV40 promoter resulted in 30 nmol 6-methyl purine deoxyriboside (MeP-dR) converted per milligram tumor cell extract per hour (or conversion units (CU)). This level of expression led to elimination of entire populations of tumor cells in vitro after treatment with MeP-dR. Much earlier killing was observed using a tat transactivated E. coli PNP vector (approximately seven-fold higher activity, 230 CU). In vivo effects on tumor growth were next examined. Human ovarian tumors transfected with E. coli PNP were excised 5 days after i.p. implantation from the peritoneal cavities of mice in order to determine both E. coli PNP enzymatic activity and the fraction of cells expressing the gene. PNP activity at 5 days after gene transfer was approximately 170 CU and was expressed in approximately 0.1% of the tumor cells as judged by in situ hybridization. The expression of E. coli PNP at this level produced a 30% increase in life span (P < 0.001) and 49% reduction in tumor size (P < 0.005) after MeP-dR treatment, as compared with control tumors. Our observations lead to the conclusion that pronounced bystander killing by E. coli PNP is conferred in vivo, and that vectors capable of transgene expression in as few as one in 1000 cells can produce substantial antitumor effects if expression on a per cell basis is very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Gadi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0005, USA
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Lammie GA, Wardlaw J, Allan P, Ruckley CV, Peek R, Signorini DF. What pathological components indicate carotid atheroma activity and can these be identified reliably using ultrasound? Eur J Ultrasound 2000; 11:77-86. [PMID: 10781655 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-8266(99)00076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this project was to determine whether histological features of 'active' plaque as described in the coronary circulation following acute myocardial infarction were similar in the carotid circulation, and whether these factors could be detected ultrasonically. METHOD Endarterectomy specimens were prospectively collected, and examined histologically and assessed by two observers for ulceration, inflammation, size of necrotic core, thickness of fibrous cap, haemorrhage and luminal thrombosis. Ultrasound of the plaque obtained preoperatively was similarly coded (blind to pathology) and compared with the pathology. RESULTS In 42 endarterectomy specimens, there was a highly significant relationship between a thin fibrous cap and a large necrotic core (P<0.002), irregular plaque contour (P<0.05) and ulceration (P<0.01) and between a large necrotic core (P<0.002) and ulceration and inflammation (P<0.05). Increasing amounts of necrosis were associated with more surface thrombosis (P<0.02). Ultrasound detected the thickness of the fibrous cap and 'any necrosis or haemorrhage' with some reliability (kappas are 0.53 and 0.5, respectively), but not ulceration, necrosis or haemorrhage on their own. CONCLUSION Features corresponding to active atheromatous plaque are similar in the carotid and coronary arteries, and some of these, namely lucent areas in the plaque (corresponding to necrosis or haemorrhage) and the thickness of the fibrous cap, can be determined reliably with ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Lammie
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Laboratory, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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Allan P. Antioxidants: the elixir of life? Nurs N Z 2000; 6:20-1. [PMID: 12012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Bradbury A, Evans C, Allan P, Lee A, Ruckley CV, Fowkes FG. What are the symptoms of varicose veins? Edinburgh vein study cross sectional population survey. BMJ 1999; 318:353-6. [PMID: 9933194 PMCID: PMC27720 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.318.7180.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the relations between age, sex, lower limb symptoms, and the presence of trunk varicose veins on clinical examination. DESIGN Cross sectional population study. SETTING 12 general practices with catchment areas geographically and socioeconomically distributed throughout Edinburgh. PARTICIPANTS An age stratified random sample of 1566 people (699 men and 867 women) aged 18-64 selected from the computerised age-sex registers of participating practices. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self administered questionnaire on the presence of lower limb symptoms and physical examination to determine the presence and severity of varicose veins. RESULTS Women were significantly more likely than men to report lower limb symptoms such as heaviness or tension, swelling, aching, restless legs, cramps, and itching. The prevalence of symptoms tended to increase with age in both sexes. In men, only itching was significantly related to the presence and severity of trunk varices (linear test for trend, P=0.011). In women there was a significant relation between trunk varices and the symptoms of heaviness or tension (P</=0.001), aching (P</=0.001), and itching (P</=0.005). However, the level of agreement between the presence of symptoms and trunk varices was too low to be of clinical value, especially in men. CONCLUSIONS Even in the presence of trunk varices, most lower limb symptoms probably have a non-venous cause. Surgical extirpation of trunk varices is unlikely to ameliorate such symptoms in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bradbury
- Vascular Surgery Unit, University Department of Surgical and Clinical Sciences, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW
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Butt Z, O'Brien C, McKillop G, Aspinall P, Allan P. Color Doppler imaging in untreated high- and normal-pressure open-angle glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38:690-6. [PMID: 9071223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate ocular blood flow velocity indices in untreated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal pressure glaucoma (NPG). METHODS Twenty-five untreated patients with NPG, 23 untreated patients with POAG, and 26 age-matched normal control subjects underwent color Doppler imaging for the measurement of blood flow velocity in the central retinal and ophthalmic arteries. Neither the patients nor the control subjects were using systemic beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers. After log transformation of non-normal data, group differences were compared with a one-way analysis of variance followed by unpaired t-test with the Bonferroni correction. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The central retinal artery end diastolic velocity was significantly lower in patients with POAG than in normal subjects. The ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity (PSV) was significantly greater in patients with POAG than in those with NPG and normal subjects. The resistance index (RI) of both the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries was significantly greater in patients with POAG than in normal subjects, and the central retinal artery RI was significantly greater in those with NPG than in normal subjects. Systemic pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure were significantly greater in patients with POAG compared with normal subjects. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant relation between ophthalmic artery PSV and intraocular pressure (but not with any of the cardiovascular parameters) in the POAG group. Chi-square analysis found significantly more systemic vascular disease in patients with NPG and POAG compared with that of normal subjects. CONCLUSIONS There was an increased resistance to blood flow in the central retinal artery of untreated patients with NPG and POAG and also in the ophthalmic artery of patients with POAG. The ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity was elevated in untreated patients with POAG. Altered ocular circulation (with different patterns of presentation) appears to be common to patients with NPG and patients with POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Butt
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Scotland
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Naylor AR, John T, Howlett J, Gillespie I, Allan P, Ruckley CV. Surveillance imaging of the operated artery does not alter clinical outcome following carotid endarterectomy. Br J Surg 1996; 83:522-6. [PMID: 8665249 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800830430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Clinical outcome was studied in 243 patients undergoing 260 carotid endarterectomies; 166 of these patients underwent serial postoperative surveillance imaging. Including perioperative events, cumulative freedom from ipsilateral stroke was 86 and 82 per cent at 5 and 10 years respectively; the mean incidence of ipsilateral stroke was 1.8 per cent per annum. Twenty patients (8 per cent) suffered cerebral ischaemic events in the hemisphere of the operated side during follow-up: eight transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) and 12 strokes (only two preceded by TIA). Two symptomatic patients were found to have occluded the operated artery but the remainder had no evidence of significant recurrent disease. Cumulative freedom from occlusion or severe (greater than 70 per cent) recurrent stenosis was 87 and 78 per cent at 5 and 10 years respectively; the mean incidence of recurrence of significant disease was 2.2 per cent per annum. No revisional surgery was performed on the operated arteries. In its current format, neither clinical nor surveillance imaging could have prevented any of the strokes observed during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Naylor
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The ovary is conspicuous for the wide diversity of histologic tumor types that it contains. Unusual or rare tumors may present diagnostic difficulty on cytologic examination. CASE A 36-year-old woman presented with an 80-mm cystic lesion in the left ovary. Fine needle aspiration provided 30 ml of transparent, light yellow fluid. On cytologic examination, numerous clusters and rosettes of benign cells, resembling choroid plexus cells, were seen. Surgical resection confirmed the presence of an ependymal cyst adjacent to a mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst). CONCLUSION We report this unique case in order to alert cytologists unfamiliar with cerebrospinal fluid cytopathology to the rare entity of ovarian ependymal cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Mulvany
- Department of Cytology, Royal Women's Hospital and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
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Walker L, Kulomaa MS, Bebok Z, Parker WB, Allan P, Logan J, Huang Z, Reynolds RC, King S, Sorscher EJ. Development of drug targeting based on recombinant expression of the chicken avidin gene. J Drug Target 1996; 4:41-9. [PMID: 8798877 DOI: 10.3109/10611869609046259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry required for covalent biotinylation of drugs, radiopharmaceuticals and other ligands is highly developed, and a large number of biotinylated reagents can be readily synthesized. In order to investigate whether expression of avidin cDNA in mammalian cells might be useful as part of a drug targeting strategy, we transiently expressed the avidin gene in two human tumor cell lines (the cervical carcinoma cell line, HeLa, and the liver derived line, Hep G2). Avidin protein as detected by either immunohistochemistry or binding of streptavidin-biotin complexes was present and functional following transient expression. This result indicated that the mechanisms underlying avidin oligomerization which are necessary for proper protein folding are present within mammalian carcinoma cell lines. Next, we generated a producer cell line (derived from psi2) capable of releasing a recombinant retrovirus encoding chicken avidin, and a tumorigenic murine breast cancer cell line (16/C) with stable avidin expression. We show that these cell lines are suitable for conferring functional expression of avidin in vitro. These experiments establish a means by which avidin gene expression can be explored as a mechanism for targeted gene delivery of biotin-derivitized drugs in vitro, and have important implications for utilization of this strategy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Redgrave
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, St Peter's Hospital, London, UK
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Butt Z, McKillop G, O'Brien C, Allan P, Aspinall P. Measurement of ocular blood flow velocity using colour Doppler imaging in low tension glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 1995; 9 ( Pt 1):29-33. [PMID: 7713247 DOI: 10.1038/eye.1995.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the velocity of blood flow and vascular resistance measured by colour Doppler imaging in the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries in 34 eyes of 34 patients (mean age 68.1 years) with low tension glaucoma (LTG) and 17 eyes of 17 age-matched normal controls (mean age 65.2 years). The Acuson 128 machine (using a 7.5 MHz probe) was used to measure peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI). The EDV of the ophthalmic artery (OA) in the LTG was significantly (p = 0.04) less than in the normal control group. There was a significant (p = 0.02) increase in the vascular RI of both the OA and central retinal artery in the LTG group compared with the normal controls. The OA RI increased with age (r = 0.61, p = 0.0001), and the OA EDV decreased with age (r = -0.50, p = 0.003), in the LTG group but not in the normal control group. The results suggest an increased resistance to blood flow in the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries of LTG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Butt
- Radiology Department, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, UK
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Abstract
The long-term fate of the non-operated internal carotid artery (ICA) in 219 patients undergoing contralateral carotid endarterectomy was studied; 151 patients underwent serial postoperative imaging of the vessel. Cumulative freedom from stroke in the non-operated hemisphere was 99, 96 and 86 per cent at 1, 5 and 10 years respectively, giving a mean incidence of stroke of 1 per cent per annum. Only one stroke was preceded by a transient ischaemic attack and no stroke was associated with severe (70 per cent or greater) stenosis of the ICA. Ten patients (7 per cent) with initially mild or moderate disease of the non-operated ICA progressed to severe stenosis during follow-up, but only three became symptomatic and, in each case, the onset of symptoms preceded recognition of disease progression. The long-term risk of stroke in the non-operated ICA territory is very small. Of practical importance is that none of the observed strokes could have been prevented by postoperative surveillance of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Naylor
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
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Abstract
Two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the maxilla are reported. The tumours were excised via a combined temporal and intra-oral approach in order to gain adequate surgical access and minimise the aesthetic deformity. One patient required orbital exenteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Besly
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
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Allan P, George AP, Nissen RJ, Rasmussen TS. Effects of girdling time on growth, yield, and fruit maturity of the low chill peach cultivar Flordaprince. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1071/ea9930781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Low chill Flordaprince peach trees in subtropical Australia were trunk-girdled at 1 of 3 times during fruit development: pre stone hardening (pre SH), post stone hardening (post SH), and 2 weeks before expected first harvest (BFH). Measures were made of fruit and shoot growth, harvest data, and starch levels in different tree parts. The pre SH girdling gave the greatest (P<0.05) increase in fruit size during stage 2 of fruit development, and pre and post SH girdling treatments gave progressively earlier (P<0.05) and shorter (10 days v. 24 days for control) main harvest period. Girdling resulted in greater numbers of fruit of larger, desirable marketable size (>90 g) than the control, although the latter caught up in average yield because of longer development period and some variability in numbers of fruit per tree. Split pip was not a problem. Fruit sugar content was significantly (P<0.05) higher with post SH and BFH girdling treatments than with control or pre SH treatment. Girdling temporarily increased starch levels in the leaves and shoots and reduced shoot growth.
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McGinn FP, Uglow M, McMahon AJ, O’Dwyer PJ, Russell IT, Baxter JN, O’Sullivan ST, O’Sullivan GC, Kirwan WO, Majeed AW, Reed MWR, Johnson AG, Kelly SB, Rowlands BJ, Miles WFA, Bradley J, Turnbull L, Allan P, Garden OJ, McEntee G, Vougas V, Rela M, Hadjimarcou A, Mohammed R, Zobolas V, Heaton N, Tan KC. Hepatobiliary. Ir J Med Sci 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02943717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ng T, Hockin J, Stratton F, Allan P. Low measles vaccine failure in a school outbreak--Newfoundland. Can Dis Wkly Rep 1990; 16:53-7. [PMID: 2346983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Ng
- Field Epidemiology Division, Newfoundland Department of Health
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Scott S, Allan P. Enrolled nurses: your questions answered. Nurs Stand 1989; 3:18-9. [PMID: 2521155 DOI: 10.7748/ns.3.48.18.s47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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