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Ghazwani M, Vasudevan R, Kandasamy G, Manusri N, Devanandan P, Puvvada RC, Veeramani VP, Paulsamy P, Venkatesan K, Chidmabaram K, Dhurke R. Formulation of Intranasal Mucoadhesive Thermotriggered In Situ Gel Containing Mirtazapine as an Antidepressant Drug. Gels 2023; 9:457. [PMID: 37367128 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to develop nanoemulsion-based formulations of mirtazapine for intranasal delivery using a spray actuator to target the brain for treating depression. Research on the solubility of medications in different oils, surfactants, co-surfactants, and solvents has been done. Using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, the various ratios of the surfactant and co-surfactant mix were computed. Thermotriggered nanoemulsion was formulated using different concentrations of poloxamer 407 (i.e., 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5% up to 22%). Similarly, mucoadhesive nanoemulsion using 0.1% Carbopol and water-based plain nanoemulsions were also prepared for comparative assessment. The developed nanoemulsions were analyzed for physicochemical properties, i.e., physical appearance, pH, viscosity, and drug content. Drug-excipient incompatibility was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectral (FTIR) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vitro drug diffusion studies were conducted for optimized formulations. Among the three formulations, RD1 showed the highest percentage of drug release. Ex vivo drug diffusion studies were conducted on freshly excised sheep nasal mucosa with Franz diffusion cell simulated nasal fluid (SNF) for all three formulations up to 6 h, and the thermotriggered nanoemulsion (RD1) showed 71.42% drug release with 42.64 nm particle size and a poly dispersity index of 0.354. The zeta potential was found to be -6.58. Based on the above data, it was concluded that thermotriggered nanoemulsion (RD1) has great potential to be used as an intranasal gel for treating depression in patients. It can offer great benefits by reducing dosing frequency and improving bioavailability of mirtazapine by direct nose-to-brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naredla Manusri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Praveen Devanandan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Ranadheer Chowdary Puvvada
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Vinoth Prabhu Veeramani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Krishnaraju Venkatesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumarappan Chidmabaram
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajeshri Dhurke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
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Ghazwani M, Vasudevan R, Kandasamy G, Hani U, Niharika G, Naredla M, Devanandan P, Puvvada RC, Almehizia AA, Hakami AR, Dhurke R. Development and In Vitro Characterization of Antibiotic-Loaded Nanocarriers for Dental Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072914. [PMID: 37049683 PMCID: PMC10096469 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research work was to formulate and evaluate ciprofloxacin hydrochloride-loaded nanocarriers for treating dental infections and bone regeneration. Periodontal infection is associated with inflammation, soft tissue destruction, and bone loss. The objective of the study was to extract β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) from coral beach sand using the hydrothermal conversion method and load these nanocarriers with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. The developed drug-loaded nanocarriers were evaluated for various parameters. In vitro drug-loading studies showed the highest drug loading of 71% for F1 with a drug: carrier ratio compared to plain ciprofloxacin hydrochloride gel. β-TCP and nanocarriers were evaluated for powder characteristics and the results were found to have excellent and fair flowability. In vitro drug release studies conducted over a period of 5 days confirmed the percentage drug release of 96% at the end of 120 h. Nanocarriers were found to be effective against S. aureus and E. coli showing statistically significant antibacterial activity at (* p < 0.05) significant level as compared to plain ciprofloxacin hydrochloride gel. The particle size of β-TCP and nanocarriers was found to be 2 µm. Fourier transform infra-red studies showed good compatibility between the drug and the excipients. Differential scanning calorimetry studies revealed the amorphous nature of the nanocarriers as evident from the peak shift. It is obvious from the XRD studies that the phase intensity was reduced, which demonstrates a decrease in crystallinity. Nanocarriers released the drug in a controlled manner, hence may prove to be a better option to treat dental caries as compared to conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaddam Niharika
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Manusri Naredla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Praveen Devanandan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Ranadheer Chowdary Puvvada
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Abdulrahman A Almehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim R Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 61481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajeshri Dhurke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. Peter's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506001, Telangana, India
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Khobrani M, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Alhossan A, Chowdary Puvvada R, Devanandan P, Dhurke R, Naredla M. Impact of Vitamin B6 Deficiency on the Severity of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy – A Cross Sectional Study. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:655-658. [PMID: 37181142 PMCID: PMC10172568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy is one of the most important and significantly prevalent microvascular complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Pyridoxine is a key nutrient for protecting nerve health. The objective of this research is to study the prevalence rate of pyridoxine deficiency in Diabetic neuropathy patients, to understand the correlation between various biochemical and markers of diabetic neuropathy and pyridoxine deficiency. Results 249 patients were selected for the study based on the selection criteria participants. 51.8% prevalence of pyridoxine deficiency in Diabetic neuropathy patients. The nerve conduction velocity significantly reduced in pyridoxine deficiency cases (p < 0.05). A strong inverse relationship is observed with fasting blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin pyridoxine deficiency might contribute to impaired glucose tolerance. Conclusion There also exists a strong inverse relationship with glycemic markers. Significant direct correlation is observed with nerve conduction velocity. Pyridoxine also has properties of antioxidant which may be utilized for the management of Diabetic Neuropathy.
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Rayella C, Devanandan P, Rasuri K, Yerravelly SS, Andem S, Puvvada RC. Clinical characteristics of malaria in COVID-19: A systematic review of case reports. Trop Parasitol 2023; 13:22-27. [PMID: 37415760 PMCID: PMC10321589 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_26_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 is a viral infection that was first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in December 2019. Effects of COVID-19 infection could drastically influence other concomitant diseases like Malaria. Malaria and COVID-19 may mimic each other and share look-alike symptoms. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the clinical and biochemical characteristics of malaria and COVID-19 synergism that was based on the published case reports. Subjects and Methods An extensive literature search was carried out between May 2020 and February 2022 in PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. Our study was devised according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Results We have evaluated 16 case reports and one case series of coinfection of malaria with COVID-19. It has been observed that all the patients showed lymphopenia, fever, headache (52%), vomiting (47%), cough (38%), chills (38%), body ache (38%), myalgia (28%), and sweating (14%). Despite unprecedented times, whenever there is a suspicion, we recommend that medical practitioners should be alert to presenting plethora features of COVID-19 and confirm with polymerase chain reaction test. Conclusion We conclude that screening for COVID-19 should also be performed to mitigate missed diagnoses due to the long incubation period of novel coronavirus. Especially in vulnerable population, we should suspect other concurrent diseases and diagnoses in patients presenting with the symptoms of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Rayella
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
| | - Praveen Devanandan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
| | - Kavitha Rasuri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Sudha Yerravelly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
| | - Sanjana Andem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
| | - Ranadheer Chowdary Puvvada
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Peter’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India
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D P, Puvvada RC, M VA. Association of vitamin C status in diabetes mellitus: prevalence and predictors of vitamin C deficiency. Futur J Pharm Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Praveen D, Puvvada RC, M VA. Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib is not an ideal option for management of COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 55:105967. [PMID: 32259575 PMCID: PMC7128600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The Wuhan outbreak of novel Corona virus infection has been the global focus since December 2019. This infection has become a global pandemic. It is highly important to understand the virology of the pathogen and to explore the therapeutic options for management of this pandemic. Drug repurposing strategies are being considered for management of COVID 19. Among the identified drugs, Baricitinib has become a keen interest for researchers because of its ability to inhibit the viral assembly by the prevention of Clarithrin associated endocytosis. We tried to explore the reasons on why Baricitinib is not an ideal option for COVID 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Praveen
- Research Scholar, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, 600117, Chennai, India.
| | - Ranadheer Chowdary Puvvada
- Research Scholar, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, 600117, Chennai, India.
| | - Vijey Aanandhi M
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, India.
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