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Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Soleymani F, Ravanipour M. Pesticide residues in drinking water treatment plants and human health risk assessment: a case study from Northern Iran. Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:68. [PMID: 38342781 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
These days, the presence of pesticide residues in drinking water sources is a serious concern. In drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), various methods have been proposed to remove pesticide residues. This study was designed with the objectives of monitoring the occurrence and seasonal variations of pesticides in the output of drinking water treatment plants in two Northern provinces of Iran, Gilan and Golestan, and identifying their human health risks. Seventeen pesticide residues from different chemical structures were determined by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results showed that only Alachlor, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Malathion, and Chlorpyrifos were detected. The pesticide concentrations ranged from ND to 405.3 ng/L and were higher in the first half-year period. The total non-carcinogenic human health risks was in safe range for infants, children, and adults (HI < 1). The carcinogenic human health risks of Alachlor for infants, children, and adults were in the range of 4.3 × 10-7 to 1.3 × 10-6, 2.0 × 10-7 to 9.6 × 10-7, and 1.1 × 10-7 to 5.5 × 10-7, respectively. These values do not pose health risks for adults and children, but may present a possible cancer risk for infants in two DWTPs of Golestan. In conclusion, considering the possibility of exposure to these pesticides through other routes, simultaneously, it is suggested to carry out a study that examines the level of risk by considering all exposure routes. We also propose stricter regulations for the sale and use of pesticides in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA.
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO BOX 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleymani
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Management and Economic Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ravanipour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rahimi S, Rafinejad J, Akhavan AA, Ahmadkhaniha R, Bakhtiyari M, Khamesipour A, Akbarzadeh K. The therapeutic effect of larval saliva and hemolymph of Lucilia sericata on the treatment of Leishmania major lesion in BALB/c mice946. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:72. [PMID: 36797798 PMCID: PMC9936726 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a major challenge for the public health and medical community. It has been claimed that natural compounds derived from fly larvae have anti-leishmania properties against some species of Leishmania. The present study aimed at assessing the in vitro effects of larval products of Lucilia sericata against the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania major. Also, the therapeutic effect of larval products on lesions induced by L. major infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice models. METHODS Parasite specimens and macrophage cells were exposed to varying concentrations of larval products for 24-120 h. Lesion progression and parasite load were investigated in the models to assess the therapeutic effects of the products. RESULTS The larval products displayed more potent cytotoxicity against L. major promastigotes. The IC50 values for larval saliva and hemolymph were 100.6 and 37.96 ug/ml, respectively. The IC50 of glucantime was 9.480 ug/ml. Also, the saliva and hemolymph of L. sericata exhibited higher cytotoxicity against the promastigotes of L. major but were less toxic to the macrophage cells. Treatment with leishmanicidal agents derived from larvae of L. sericata decreased the infection rate and the number of amastigotes per infected host cell at all concentrations. Lesion size was significantly (F (7, 38) = 8.54, P < 0.0001) smaller in the treated mice compared with the untreated control group. The average parasite burden in the treated mice groups (1.81 ± 0.74, 1.03 ± 0.45 and 3.37 ± 0.41) was similar to the group treated with a daily injection of glucantime (1.77 ± 0.99) and significantly lower (F (7, 16) = 66.39, P < 0.0001) than in the untreated control group (6.72 ± 2.37). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the larval products of L. sericata were effective against L. major parasites both in vivo and in vitro. However, more clinical trial studies are recommended to evaluate the effects of these larval products on human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahimi
- grid.449862.50000 0004 0518 4224Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Javad Rafinejad
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Saeidi Z, Vatandoost H, Zaim M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rassi Y, Zahraei-Ramazani A, Arandian MH, Jafari R, Galani YJH, Sanei-Dehkordi A, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Akhavan AA. Evaluation of Susceptibility Status of Phlebotomus papatasi, the Main Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, to Different WHO Recommended Insecticides in an Endemic Focus, Central Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2021; 15:366-379. [PMID: 36644307 PMCID: PMC9810583 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v15i4.10501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Among neglected zoonotic diseases, leishmaniases caused by Leishmania parasite through infected female sand fly bite, are a group of diseases found in 98 countries and territories representing a critical burden of disease worldwide. Vector management plays a crucial role in reducing the burden of vector-borne diseases by WHO's global plan. The objective of the current study was to assess the susceptibility status of wild phlebotomine sand flies from Esfahan Province, central Iran, to the recommended insecticides by WHO. Methods Sand flies were collected by mouth aspirator in Matin Abad desert Eco-resort and were tested using WHO adult mosquito test kit against Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 4%, Deltamethrin 0.05%, Malathion 5% and Propoxur 0.1%. The number of knockdown sand flies were recorded during exposure time in ten minutes interval for DDT and Deltamethrin and they were allowed to recover for 24 hours. Knockdown Time50 (KD50) and KD90 were generated for them using Probit software. They were mounted and identified by valid keys. Results Among the tested insecticides against female Phlebotomus papatasi, DDT, Deltamethrin, and Malathion recorded the highest mortality rate of 100%, followed by Propoxur with 92.2% mortality for a one-hour exposure. For DDT, KD50 and KD90 were calculated 21.87 and 42.93 and for Deltamethrin, they were 23.74 and 56.50 minutes respectively. Total sand flies exposed with DDT and Deltamethrin shed their leg(s). Conclusion It is concluded that Ph. papatasi from central Iran is susceptible to DDT, Deltamethrin, Malathion, and Propoxur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saeidi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Vatandoost
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Zaim
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yavar Rassi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Arandian
- Esfahan Research Station, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Esfahan Research Station, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Galani
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK,Section of Natural and Applied Sciences, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi, E-mail: , Dr Amir Ahmad Akhavan, E-mail:
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi, E-mail: , Dr Amir Ahmad Akhavan, E-mail:
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Rastkari N, Akbari S, Brahmand MB, Takhvar A, Ahmadkhaniha R. Synthesis and characterization of tetraethylene pentamine functionalized MIL-101(Cr) for removal of metals from water. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2021; 19:1735-1742. [PMID: 34900302 PMCID: PMC8617245 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metal contamination in water is a worldwide persistent problem. We developed a nano-adsorbent, TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) that exhibits effective removal of heavy metals from real water samples. METHODS MIL-101(Cr) was synthesized under solvo-thermal condition. Then MIL-101(Cr) was dehydrated and degassed at high temperature under vacuum to generate the coordinately unsaturated sites which are used for tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA) grafting. The structures, morphologies, and compositions of the sorbents have been characterized. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied for describing the adsorption process onto TEPA-MIL-101(Cr). RESULTS The successful grafting of TEPA on MIL-101(Cr) was verified by Fourier transform infrared. The results of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and CHN analysis show that the structure of TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) retains the original structure of MIL-101(Cr). Thermogravimetric analysis indicates thermo-stability of the adsorbent up to 300 °C. Optimal conditions for adsorption were determined as pH = 6.5 and contact time = 1 h. The adsorption capacities of TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) for Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Co(II) from aqueous samples were 227.5, 217.7, 221.4, and 215.6 mg/g respectively, which is on average more than 8 times that of MIL-101(Cr). Analysis of Langmuir and Freundlich models for describing the adsorption isotherms of TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) reveals that the metal ions were absorbed onto TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) by a favorable physical absorption process. CONCLUSIONS TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) was synthesized successfully by a simple, and cost-effective method. The removal efficiency of TEPA-MIL-101(Cr) for the metal ions achieved more than 95 % in real water samples, which in addition to its thermal stability character make it a promising candidate for water treatment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Akbari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Binesh Brahmand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azra Takhvar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151 Iran
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Izadpanah F, Rastkari N. Hemoglobin adducts as an important marker of chronic exposure to low concentration of 1, 3-butadiene. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2021; 19:1607-1611. [PMID: 34900292 PMCID: PMC8617116 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1, 3-Butadiene is a famous industrial compound which occurs in gasoline and diesel exhaust and in cigarette smoke. Based on little evidence of carcinogenicity in laboratory animals and humans, it was classified as a probable carcinogen. The potential of exposure to gasoline and diesel exhaust containing these chemical compounds is very considerable in urban areas. According to studies, in estimation of workers' chronic exposure with biological samples, analysis of the concentration of related hemoglobin adducts seems to give the most valid estimation of exposure. METHODS This study designed to determine the level of chronic exposure in gas station workers and traffic policemen during routine work shift, by an appropriate biological marker. In this regards, 25 gas station workers, 25 policemen engaged in traffic control, and 25 occupationally non-exposed persons were studied. Blood samples were obtained after the work shift from each person. The level of selected hemoglobin adduct, 1- and 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl valine (MHBVal) was determined by using GC-MS after a modified Edman degradation and a further acetylation. RESULTS There were significant differences among the mean concentrations of MHBVal in blood samples of gas station workers, policemen and occupationally non-exposed persons. The mean airborne levels of 1, 3-Butadiene over 60 days, differed significantly among different studied groups (ANOVA: p < 0.05 and Kruskal-Wallis test: p < 0.05). CONCLUSION There was a significant difference in MHBVal concentrations between job categories (p < 0.05 by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test), and gas station workers and policemen were found to be probably the most exposed groups in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Izadpanah
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Yousefian F, Rastkari N. Impact of smoking on oxidant/antioxidant status and oxidative stress index levels in serum of the university students. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2021; 19:1043-1046. [PMID: 34150292 PMCID: PMC8172765 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite frequent warnings of irreversible side effects of smoking in public media, the consumption of cigarette is increasing dramatically in both developed and developing countries. Cigarette smoke contains different kinds of chemicals, which all capable of inducing free radical production. There are studies supporting the idea that these free radicals have adverse effects in body and causing oxidative stress. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is considered as the total effect of all antioxidants and total oxidant status (TOS) shows the total effect of all oxidants existing in body fluids. Therefore, this research focused on the measurement and comparison of these markers in the serum of university students. METHODS This study designed to determine the total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels in the serum of active smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers in university students. A total of 150 participants were included in the study. The study population consisted of 50 smokers, 50 passive smokers and 50 nonsmokers. In serum samples, the levels of TAC and TOS were measured by spectrophotometric method using Rel Assay Diagnostics kit. Oxidative stress index was calculated through the TOS/TAC formula in three groups. RESULTS The mean value TAC levels in serum samples of the three groups of smokers, passive smokers and nonsmokers were 1.096, 1.220 and 1.844 mmol Trolox equivalent/L, respectively, which were significantly greater in nonsmokers than smokers and passive smokers. The mean value TOS levels in serum samples of the three groups of smokers, passive smokers and nonsmokers were 13.747, 11.099 and 7.6510 µmol H2O2 equivalent/L, respectively, which were significantly lower in nonsmokers than two other groups. OSI values in smokers and passive smokers were significantly higher than the control group. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings, the antioxidant capacity in all smokers (active and inactive) was less than the control group (non-smokers). The results of this study showed that smoking reduces the activity of the antioxidant defense system and activates the oxidative stress system in the body. Based on these findings, it can be clearly concluded that the decrease in antioxidant capacity in smokers is associated with increased production of oxidants and free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yousefian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417993359 Iran
- Center for water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rahimi S, Khamesipour A, Akhavan AA, Rafnejad J, Ahmadkhaniha R, Bakhtiyari M, Veysi A, Akbarzadeh K. Correction to: The leishmanicidal efect of Lucilia sericata larval saliva and hemolymph on in vitro Leishmania tropica. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:155. [PMID: 33722266 PMCID: PMC7962219 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahimi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Rafnejad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Alborz, University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arshad Veysi
- Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rahimi S, Khamesipour A, Akhavan AA, Rafinejad J, Ahmadkhaniha R, Bakhtiyari M, Veysi A, Akbarzadeh K. The leishmanicidal effect of Lucilia sericata larval saliva and hemolymph on in vitro Leishmania tropica. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:40. [PMID: 33430900 PMCID: PMC7798311 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leishmaniasis is a major parasitic disease worldwide, except in Australia and Antarctica, and it poses a significant public health problem. Due to the absence of safe and effective vaccines and drugs, researchers have begun an extensive search for new drugs. The aim of the current study was to investigate the in vitro leishmanicidal activity of larval saliva and hemolymph of Lucilia sericata on Leishmania tropica. Methods The effects of different concentrations of larval products on promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. tropica were investigated using the mouse cell line J774A.1 and peritoneal macrophages as host cells. The 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and direct observation and counting method were used to assess the inhibitory effects and cell cytotoxicity of the larval products. The effects of larval products on the amastigote form of L. tropica were quantitatively estimated by calculating the rate of macrophage infection, number of amastigotes per infected macrophage cell, parasite load and survival index. Results The 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) value of both larval saliva and hemolymph was 750 µg/ml, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 134 µg/ml and 60 µg/ml for larval saliva and larval hemolymph, respectively. The IC50 for Glucantime, used a positive control, was (11.65 µg/ml). Statistically significant differences in viability percentages of promastigotes were observed for different doses of both larval saliva and hemolymph when compared with the negative control (p ≤ 0.0001). Microscopic evaluation of the amastigote forms revealed that treatment with 150 µg/ml larval hemolymph and 450 µg/ml larval saliva significantly decreased the rate of macrophage infection and the number of amastigotes per infected macrophage cell. Conclusion Larval saliva and hemolymph of L. sericata have acceptable leishmanicidal properties against L. tropica. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahimi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Rafinejad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Alborz, University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arshad Veysi
- Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Ghoochani M, Rastkari N. Application of biological monitoring for exposure assessment of 1.3 Butadiene. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2020; 18:1265-1269. [PMID: 33312640 PMCID: PMC7721966 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1, 3-Butadiene is an important industrial compound. Based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in laboratory animals and humans, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, in 1999, classified 1, 3-Butadiene as a probable carcinogen to humans (group 2A). The potential for exposure to vehicle exhaust containing these chemical compounds is very noticeable in urban locations. Exposure to incomplete combustion of gasoline has been a long time concern in many occupational fields, including policemen, service stations, and the petroleum industry but in Iran has rarely been studied. METHODS This study designed to determine the exposure levels for traffic policemen and gas station workers during routine work shift, by biological monitoring. With this aim, 25 policemen engaged in traffic control, 25 gas station workers and 25 occupationally non-exposed persons were investigated. Spot urine samples were obtained prior to and at the end of the work shift from each subject. The urinary levels of selected urinary metabolites (MHBMA and DHBMA) were determined by using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS There were significant differences among the mean urinary concentrations of DHBMA in pre-shift samples of policemen, gas station workers and occupationally non-exposed persons. The mean urinary concentrations of DHBMA differed significantly among post-shift samples of policemen and gas station (ANOVA: p < 0.05 and Kruskal-Wallis test: p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant difference in DHBMA concentrations between job categories (p < 0.05 by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test), and policemen and gas station workers were found to be probably the most exposed groups in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Ghoochani
- Environmental and Occupational Health Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417993359 Iran
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khosravi M, Sotoudeh G, Ahmadkhaniha R, Majdzadeh R, Raisi F. Erythrocytes polyunsaturated fatty acids mediate relationship between dietary patterns and depression. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 90:417-424. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: This study aimed to examine the association between depression and dietary patterns via the intermediary role of erythrocytes polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Methods: In this individually matched case-control study, the dietary patterns were extracted for 330 individuals using factor analysis. Furthermore, erythrocyte PUFAs including n-3 and n-6 were assessed using a GC–Mass spectrometry analytical method for 84 people. Depression was diagnosed using the criteria mentioned in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The dietary patterns were also extracted using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: The findings showed that healthy dietary patterns were related to the risk of depression (P = 0.01, odds ratio (OR) = 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14-0.68) by the increase of ratio n-3 /n-6 PUFA (p ≤ 0.03) and decrease of ratio n-6 /n-3 PUFA (p ≤ 0.005). Moreover, the unhealthy dietary patterns were associated with the risk of depression (P = 0.02, OR = 2.7, 95%CI: 1.25-5.9) by the decrease of ratio n-3/n-6 PUFA (p ≤ 0.03) and increase of ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results, the type of dietary pattern is related to the risk of depression considering the changes in n-3 and n-6 PUFA as well as the ratio of n-3 to n-6 as the mediator variables. Of course, further studies are required in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khosravi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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11
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Mousavi L, Tamiji Z, Hajimahmoodi M, Amini M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Asadi M, Khoshayand MR. Combining chemometrics and the technique for the order of preference by similarity to ideal solution: A new approach to multiple-response optimization of HPLC compared to desirability function. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Zarghi A, Kebriaeezadeh A, Ahmadkhaniha R, Akhgari M, Rastkari N. Selective Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Fluoxetine in Plasma. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of fluoxetine (FLU) in plasma. FLU was isolated from plasma by liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic separation was performed on an analytical 250 × 3.9 mm id Novapak C18 column (4 μm particle size) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer–acetonitrile–methanol–triethylamine (58 + 30 + 10 + 2, v/v) adjusted to pH 7. Using UV detection at 226 nm, the detection limit for FLU in plasma was 3 ng/mL. No interferences were found with tricyclic antidepressant drugs, which allows this method to be used in clinical studies. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 10–200 ng/mL. The average recovery was about 80% for plasma. The inter- and intraday assay coefficients of variation were <8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Kebriaeezadeh
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhgari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Rastkari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
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Zarghi A, Kebriaeezadeh A, Ahmadkhaniha R, Akhgari M, Rastkari N. Selective Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Fluoxetine in Plasma. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of fluoxetine (FLU) in plasma. FLU was isolated from plasma by liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic separation was performed on an analytical 250 × 3.9 mm id Novapak C18 column (4 μm particle size) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer–acetonitrile–methanol–triethylamine (58 + 30 + 10 + 2, v/v) adjusted to pH 7. Using UV detection at 226 nm, the detection limit for FLU in plasma was 3 ng/mL. No interferences were found with tricyclic antidepressant drugs, which allows this method to be used in clinical studies. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 10–200 ng/mL. The average recovery was about 80% for plasma. The inter- and intraday assay coefficients of variation were <8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Kebriaeezadeh
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhgari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Rastkari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
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Zarghi A, Kebriaeezadeh A, Ahmadkhaniha R, Akhgari M, Rastkari N. Selective Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Fluoxetine in Plasma. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of fluoxetine (FLU) in plasma. FLU was isolated from plasma by liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic separation was performed on an analytical 250 × 3.9 mm id Novapak C18 column (4 μm particle size) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer–acetonitrile–methanol–triethylamine (58 + 30 + 10 + 2, v/v) adjusted to pH 7. Using UV detection at 226 nm, the detection limit for FLU in plasma was 3 ng/mL. No interferences were found with tricyclic antidepressant drugs, which allows this method to be used in clinical studies. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 10–200 ng/mL. The average recovery was about 80% for plasma. The inter- and intraday assay coefficients of variation were <8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Kebriaeezadeh
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhgari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Rastkari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Rastkari N, Jeddi MZ, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R. Effect of sunlight exposure on phthalates migration from plastic containers to packaged juices. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2018; 16:27-33. [PMID: 30258640 PMCID: PMC6148230 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-0292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acidic juices such as lemon juice, vinegar and Verjuice are popular beverages regularly consumed by both children and adults. Various brands of different acidic juices in Iran markets are packaged in disposable plastic bottles. Some evidence suggests that phthalates may immigrate from plastic bottles. METHODS In this research the influence of sunlight, type of container and storage time on the leaching of phthalates from packaging materials into selected juices was investigated, by analyzing the samples kept in different conditions, before and throughout 2, 4 and 6 months storage time. RESULTS The mean phthalate concentrations of the examined samples were determined to be between <LOD and 0.521 μg/L in verjuice, <LOD and 0.261 μg/L in lemon juice, <LOD and 0.599 μg/L in vinegar. DEP and DEHP showed the highest level of migration into acidic juices packed in plastic bottles. CONCLUSIONS Results of analyses before and after storage show that some storage conditions can increase the concentrations of DBP, DEHP and DEP in acidic juices. The results of this study indicate the possible leaching of phthalates from packages made of plastic materials into the contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Present Address: Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO BOX 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Moazzen M, Mahvi AH, Shariatifar N, Jahed Khaniki G, Nazmara S, Alimohammadi M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N, Ahmadloo M, Akbarzadeh A, Dobaradaran S, Norouzian Baghani A. Determination of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in carbonated soft drinks with MSPE/GC–MS method. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1378234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alimohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ahmadloo
- Department of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Arash Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Science Research Institute, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health Bushehr, University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Abbas Norouzian Baghani
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Nodehi RN, Rastkari N, Aghamirloo HM. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in commercial pasteurized cows' milk in Tehran, Iran. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2017; 15:15. [PMID: 28680645 PMCID: PMC5496162 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-017-0278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, despite the facts that pasteurized milk is the most consumed dairy product in Iran and its consumption has increased almost two fold during the last 10 years, no data are available concerning the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in commercial cow milk in Iran market. METHODS This study designed to determine the levels of PCBs in these products and to assess population exposure to PCBs by estimating the daily intakes. Pasteurized cows' milk samples (10 brands) were collected from local markets at two different seasons and analyzed using sensitive and reliable methods. RESULTS Based on the results all the indicator PCBs were detected and quantified in all of the samples, the mean ± SD concentration for the sum of the six congeners was 18.92 ± 14.36 ng g-1 fat. None of the samples surpassed the provisional value established by the EU of 40 ng g-1 fat. The sum of dioxin-like congeners, expressed as WHO-TEQ was 0.492 pg/g of fat which was considerably lower than the defined limit 3 pg/g fat, set for cow's milk. Furthermore, a similar DL-PCBs profile as other studies was found for analyzed samples. The results indicated that concentrations of DL-PCBs were very low, and all of milk samples were compliant with EC legislation. In addition, seasonal variations were not observed for DL- and NDL-PCBs levels (p values >0.05). CONCLUSIONS The estimated dietary intake for target population was 0.06 pg TEQ/kg of body weight/day, much smaller than the amounts declared by the World Health Organization as tolerable daily intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi
- Environmental Health Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417993359 Iran
| | - Hassan Mohammadi Aghamirloo
- Environmental Health Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N. Identification of suspected hazardous chemical contaminants in recycled pastry packaging. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2017; 16:33-41. [PMID: 28362471 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.2017.0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safe use of recycled paper and cardboard material for food packaging applications is an important area of investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine which hazardous chemi- cal pollutants were found in paper and cardboard samples used for pastry packaging, and to measure the migration of pollutants over time into the pastries. METHODS In this study, the presence of some organic pollutants in common confectionery packaging, and the effects of storage time and type of pastry on pollutant migration, were investigated. RESULTS The results of the study indicate that harmful compounds such as benzophenone, pentachlorophenol, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate are present at high concentrations in most recycled boxes used for pastry packaging. CONCLUSIONS Since the migration of some of the hazardous compounds from the packaging materials into the pastries under normal conditions was indicated, it is recommended that the procedure for preparing pastry packaging materials should be reconsidered and improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Solid Waste Research (CSWR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N. Identification of suspected hazardous chemical contaminants in recycled pastry packaging [pdf]. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2017. [DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.2017.2017.0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Izadpanah F, Rastkari N. Reduced Graphene Oxide-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite Facilitated Visible Light Photodegradation of Gaseous Toluene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2017.85039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Rastkari N, Zare Jeddi M, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R. The Effect of Storage Time, Temperature and Type of Packaging on the Release of Phthalate Esters into Packed
Acidic Liquids. Food Technol Biotechnol 2017. [PMID: 29540990 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.55.04.17.5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidic liquids such as verjuice, lemon juice and vinegar are frequently consumed in Iran. Different kinds of acidic liquids are packaged in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles. There is evidence indicating that phthalates can leach from PET and HDPE bottles into their contents. In this work the effect of storage time, temperature and bottle type on the migration of phthalates from packaging materials into acidic liquids is studied by analyzing the samples stored under different conditions, before storage and after 2, 4 and 6 months of storage. The determined mean phthalate concentrations in µg/L were: <0.04 to 0.501 in verjuice, <0.04 to 0.231 in lemon juice and <0.04 to 0.586 in vinegar. The highest concentrations of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) were found in PET and HDPE bottles, respectively. Results of analyses before and after storage indicate that under some storage conditions, the concentrations of DEP, DEHP and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) increased in acidic liquids. The possible migration of phthalic acid esters from plastic packaging materials into the contents was indicated by the results of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health,
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Hoseini M, Yunesian M, Nabizadeh R, Yaghmaeian K, Parmy S, Gharibi H, Faridi S, Hasanvand MS, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N, Mirzaei N, Naddafi K. Biomonitoring of tobacco smoke exposure and self-reported smoking status among general population of Tehran, Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:25065-25073. [PMID: 27677995 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to find a correlation between the self-reported smoking status of the residents of Tehran, Iran, and the urine cotinine as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke. The self-reported data was collected from 222 participants who were living in the urban area of Tehran. The urine samples of participants were collected for cotinine analysis. Urine cotinine was measured by an enzymatic immunoassay technique. Tobacco smoking was reported by 76 (34.23 %) participants as the self-reported data, and the number of males in this report was higher than of females (p < 0.001). By adding the number of the self-reported non-smokers with cotinine levels above the cutoff value of >100 ng/ml to self-reported smokers, the smoking prevalence increased from 34.23 % (95 % CI 28.01-40.88 %) to 36.48 % (95 % CI 30.14-43.19 %). Using the cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity of the self-reported smoking status were respectively 90.12 % (95 % CI 81.46-95.64 %) and 98 % (95 % CI 93.91-99.55 %). The levels of agreement between self-reported tobacco smoking and urinary cotinine concentrations was 95.1 % (k = 0.89, p < 0.001, 95 % CI = 0.81-0.95). Based on the results, self-reported smoking can be a valid marker for assessing the tobacco exposure, and it can be of use in large epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hoseini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute of Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Parmy
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Gharibi
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hasanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nezam Mirzaei
- Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mohammadpour I, Ahmadkhaniha R, Zare Jeddi M, Rastkari N. Heavy metals in recycled pastry packages and pastries. Acta Alimentaria 2016. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2016.45.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Sowlat MH, Lotfi S, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N. The association between bisphenol A exposure and type-2 diabetes: a world systematic review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:21125-21140. [PMID: 27650850 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to systematically review, analyze, and interpret all the relevant evidence in the literature on the possible link between exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and the risk of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We developed a comprehensive search strategy and used it to search Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar up to March 31, 2016, producing 3108 hits, of which 13 original papers were included. Findings of these studies were quite controversial; few studies indicated a significant positive association between BPA exposure and T2DM, while some other failed to detect such a relationship. Overall, it can be suggested that chance is unlikely the plausible explanation for the observed association between BPA exposure and T2DM. This was mainly because even in the negative studies some clues could be found in favor of a statistically significant relationship between BPA and T2DM. Additionally, some of the studies had shortcomings in defining the exposure and outcome measures, which, if present, might have led to underestimating the relationship between BPA exposure and T2DM. The theoretical plausibility of such a relationship found earlier in animal studies also supports this point. However, more definitive answer requires the conduct of future longitudinal studies, in which the possible association between BPA exposure and T2DM is assessed over much longer periods of time with more temporally robust BPA measurements. In addition, it would be quite beneficial if future studies be conducted in areas where data is still lacking (e.g., South America, Australia/Oceania, and Europe). Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Sowlat
- Center for Air Pollution research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Lotfi
- Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Center for Air Pollution research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Jeddi MZ, Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Yunesian M. Endocrine disruptor phthalates in bottled water: daily exposure and health risk assessment in pregnant and lactating women. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:534. [PMID: 27557841 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the consumption of water bottled in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has considerably increased, raising concerns over water quality and packaged materials. This study aims to investigate the levels of the anti-androgenic phthalates including bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), in bottled water and its corresponding health risks in pregnant and lactating women. The phthalate levels were measured in six different brands of bottled water exposed to temperatures ranging between -18 and 40 °C and sunlight for 45 days. The phthalate was quantified using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, the non-carcinogenic effects were assessed using hazard quotient (HQ) approach, and cumulative health risk assessment was performed on the basis of hazard index (HI) calculation. In order to assess the carcinogenic risk due to the possible carcinogen DEHP (group 2B), the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was used. DEHP and DBP contaminants were detected at different storage conditions in all of the bottled water samples during the storage time. BBP was only detected at high temperature (≥25 °C) and outdoor conditions. The maximum concentrations of all phthalates were observed when water samples were kept at 40 °C. In contrast, storage at freezing conditions had no significant effect on the concentration level of all phthalates. The estimated intake by women was between 0.0021 μg/kg/day for BBP and 0.07 μg/kg/day for DEHP. The highest HQ for phthalate intake via bottled water consumption was much lower than 1 (HQ < 0.004), which implies that adverse effects are very unlikely to occur. The execution of a cumulative risk assessment for combined phthalate exposure demonstrated that the HIs for anti-androgenic effect were lower than 1 in all of the conditions. Furthermore, ELCR for DEHP based on the highest detected level was found to be less than 10(-6), which is considered acceptable. Our results prove that the levels of phthalates in bottled water are not a health concern for pregnant and lactating women. Consequently, PET-bottled water is not a major contributor to phthalate intake for most individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for water quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Souri E, Mottaghi S, Zargarpoor M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Jalalizadeh H. Development of a stability-indicating HPLC method and a dissolution test for rivaroxaban dosage forms. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2016. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2016.28.3.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N. Development of a carbon nanotube-coated stir bar for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER); Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Souri E, Zargarpoor M, Mottaghi S, Ahmadkhaniha R, Kebriaeezadeh A. A Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for the Determination of Fingolimod in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. Sci Pharm 2016; 83:85-93. [PMID: 26839803 PMCID: PMC4727784 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1408-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fingolimod is an immunosuppressive agent which is used for the prophylaxis of organ transplantation rejection or multiple sclerosis treatment. In this study, systematic forced degradation studies on fingolimod bulk powder were performed to develop a stability-indicating HPLC method. Separation of fingolimod and its degradation products was achieved on a Nova-Pak C8 column. The mobile phase was a mixture of potassium dihydrogenphosphate 50 mM (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (45:55, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The proposed method was linear in the range of 0.125-20 μg mL(-1). The within-day and between-day coefficients of variation were in the range of 0.6-1.2%. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of the fingolimod amount in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Souri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141556451, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zargarpoor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141556451, Iran
| | - Siavash Mottaghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141556451, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Abbas Kebriaeezadeh
- Department of Pharmacoeconomy and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hoseini M, Yunesian M, Nabizadeh R, Yaghmaeian K, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N, Parmy S, Faridi S, Rafiee A, Naddafi K. Characterization and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban atmospheric Particulate of Tehran, Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:1820-32. [PMID: 26400241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, atmospheric concentrations of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Tehran megacity were determined to investigate the concentration, distribution, and sources of PAHs in PM10. The health risk from exposure to airborne BaPeq through inhalation pathway was also assessed. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) approach was used for quantitative risk estimate, and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was calculated. PM10 samples were collected at ten sampling locations during the summer 2013 and winter 2014 by using two independent methods of field sampling. The PM10 concentration in winter (89.55 ± 15.56 μg m(-3)) was 1.19 times higher than that in summer (75.42 ± 14.93 μg m(-3)). Sixteen PAHs were measured with the total average concentrations of PAHs ranged from 56.98 ± 15.91 to 110.35 ± 57.31 ng m(-3) in summer and from 125.87 ± 79.02 to 171.25 ± 73.94 ng m(-3) in winter which were much higher than concentrations measured in most similar studies conducted around the world. Molecular diagnostic ratios were used to identify PAH emission sources. The results indicated that gasoline-driven vehicles are the major sources of PAHs in the study area. Risk analysis showed that the mean and 90 % probability estimated inhalation ILCRs were 7.85 × 10(-6) and 16.78 × 10(-6), respectively. Results of a sensitivity analysis indicated that BaP concentration and cancer slope factor (CSF) contributed most to effect on ILCR mean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hoseini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute of Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Parmy
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ata Rafiee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zare Jeddi M, Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Yunesian M, Nabizadeh R, Daryabeygi R. A margin of exposure approach to assessment of non-cancerous risk of diethyl phthalate based on human exposure from bottled water consumption. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:19518-19528. [PMID: 26263883 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates may be present in food due to their widespread presence as environmental contaminants or due to migration from food contact materials. Exposure to phthalates is considered to be potentially harmful to human health as well. Therefore, determining the main source of exposure is an important issue. So, the purpose of this study was (1) to measure the release of diethyl phthalate (DEP) in bottled water consumed in common storage conditions specially low temperature and freezing conditions; (2) to evaluate the intake of DEP from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottled water and health risk assessment; and (3) to assess the contribution of the bottled water to the DEP intake against the tolerable daily intake (TDI) values. DEP migration was investigated in six brands of PET-bottled water under different storage conditions room temperature, refrigerator temperature, freezing conditions (40 °C ,0 °C and -18 °C) and outdoor] at various time intervals by magnetic solid extraction (MSPE) using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Eventually, a health risk assessment was conducted and the margin of exposure (MOE) was calculated. The results indicate that contact time with packaging and storage temperatures caused DEP to be released into water from PET bottles. But, when comprising the DEP concentration with initial level, the results demonstrated that the release of phthalates were not substantial in all storage conditions especially at low temperatures (<25 °C) and freezing conditions. The daily intake of DEP from bottled water was much lower than the reference value. However, the lowest MOE was estimated for high water consumers (preschooler > children > lactating women > teenagers > adults > pregnant women), but in all target groups, the MOE was much higher than 1000, thus, low risk is implied. Consequently, PET-bottled water is not a major source of human exposure to DEP and from this perspective is safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina St., Enqelab Sq., Tehran, 1417653761, Iran
- Center for water qualities Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina St., Enqelab Sq., Tehran, 1417653761, Iran.
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina St., Enqelab Sq., Tehran, 1417653761, Iran
| | - Reza Daryabeygi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jeddi MZ, Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Yunesian M. Concentrations of phthalates in bottled water under common storage conditions: Do they pose a health risk to children? Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rastkari N, Zare Jeddi M, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R. 971A: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in bottled water. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zare Jeddi M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Yunesian M, Rastkari N. Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Based on Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Determination of Phthalate Diesters in Water Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:385-91. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Mohagheghian A, Nabizadeh R, Mesdghinia A, Rastkari N, Mahvi AH, Alimohammadi M, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Nazmara S. Distribution of estrogenic steroids in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Tehran, Iran. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2014; 12:97. [PMID: 25013724 PMCID: PMC4091687 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-12-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Estrogenic steroids such as estrone (E1), 17β–estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17α–ethinylestradiol (EE2) are among the most potent endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Compared with North America, Europe and Japan there is no reliable information on the concentration of steroid hormones in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) influents and effluents in Iran. The aim of the present study was to determine the amounts of E1, E2, E3, and EE2 influents and effluents of 7 municipal WWTPs across Tehran, the capital city of Iran, in two seasons, summer and autumn, through solid-phase extraction (SPE) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results The results showed that the concentrations of E1, E2, and EE2 in influents ranged from 6.54–18.76 ng/L, 1.02–8 ng/L and 4.18–11.76 ng/L, respectively. Also, the concentrations of E1, E2, and EE2 in effluents ranged from 1.04–4.99 ng/L, 0.5–2.20 ng/L and 0.5–2.58 ng/L, respectively. The levels of E3 were below the detection limit (0.5 ng/L). The percentage removal rate of E1, E2 and EE2 ranged between 61.76–87.25%, 50.98–82.63%, and 66.3–90.25%, respectively. Results indicated no significant correlation between hormone concentrations and seasons. Conclusions The study showed that WWTP number 7 had significant differences in influent hormone concentrations compared with others. Results only showed a significant relationship between hormones and TSS removal rate, but there was no significant relationship between hormones and COD removal rate. The removal rate of hormone in WWTP number 4 and 7 were significantly different from the others. There was no significant correlation between hormone concentrations and seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Mohagheghian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdghinia
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Center for Solid Waste Research (CSWR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alimohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Yunesian
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Souri E, Farahani AD, Ahmadkhaniha R, Amini M. A stability indicating HPLC method for the determination of clobazam and its basic degradation product characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:49. [PMID: 24919821 PMCID: PMC4063431 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Clobazam is used for the treatment of different types of seizure and epilepsy. The present research is undertaken to study the systematic forced degradation of clobazam and to identify its main degradation product under basic conditions. Methods The degradation of clobazam was studied under different conditions. Clobazam and its degradation products were separated using a Nova-Pak C18 column and a mixture of KH2PO4 50 mM (pH 8.5) and acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) as the mobile phase with UV detection at 230 nm. Results The within-day and between-day precision values in the calibration range of 0.1-20 μg/ml were within 0.5-1.5%. Clobazam was relatively stable in solid from under exposure to visible and UV light and also heat. The clobazam aqueous solution of clobazam was more labile under exposure to visible and UV light. The bulk drug was significantly degraded under exposure to 2 M HCl, 0.1 M NaOH or 3% H2O2. Using the tablet powder, higher degradation rates were observed under different stress conditions. The main degradation product of clobazam under basic condition was subsequently characterized. Conclusion The developed method could be used for the determination of clobazam in the presence of its degradation products with acceptable precision and accuracy. The applicability of the proposed method was evaluated in commercial dosage forms analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Souri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran.
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Mansouri M, Yunesian M, Omidfar K, Jeddi MZ, Larijani B, Mesdaghinia A, Rastkari N. Association of urinary bisphenol a concentration with type-2 diabetes mellitus. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2014; 12:64. [PMID: 24625016 PMCID: PMC3995610 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-12-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A as an endocrine-disrupting chemical is widely used chemical in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin and has become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Human exposure to Bisphenol A is widespread and recent studies have been shown to be associated with a higher risk for self-reported adverse health outcomes that may lead to insulin resistance and the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus. In this context, we sought to confirm the association between Bisphenol A and diabetes in a community-based analysis of Bisphenol A urinary concentrations investigation in adult population of Iran. METHODS Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, Body Mass Index, serum triglyceride level and serum cholesterol level and serum creatinine concentration. Main outcomes were reported diagnoses of diabetes that defined according the latest American Diabetes Association guidelines. RESULTS The median age of the 239 participants was 51.65 years and 119 people had type-2 diabetes mellitus. Urinary Bisphenol A was categorized into two groups based on the median for Bisphenol A (≤0. 85 to >0.85 μg/L). The results of statistical analysis revealed a clear association between hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (P < 0.05). The multi variable-adjusted odds ratio for type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with the group 1 (referent), of urinary Bisphenol A was 57.6 (95% confidence interval: 21.10-157.05; P-value < 0.001). A positive correlation between HbA1c and urinary BPA concentration was observed (r = 0.63, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Urinary Bisphenol A levels are found to be associated with diabetes independent of traditional diabetes risk factors. Higher Bisphenol A exposure, reflected in higher urinary concentrations of Bisphenol A, is consistently associated with diabetes in the general adult population of the Iran. Studies to clarify the mechanisms of these associations are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Mansouri
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Center for Air Pollution Research(CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research(IER), University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Omidfar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Center for Air Pollution Research(CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research(IER), University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for water qualities Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research(CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research(IER), University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadkhaniha R. A validated HPLC method for the determination of donepezil in human plasma after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate. J Chin Pharm Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mirsaeedghazi H, Emam-Djomeh Z, Ahmadkhaniha R. Effect of frozen storage on the anthocyanins and phenolic components of pomegranate juice. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 51:382-6. [PMID: 24493900 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-011-0504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate juice's valuable nutritional components may be reduced during its processing or storage. This work examined the effect of frozen storage at -25 °C on some chemical characteristics of pomegranate juice. Total anthocyanin content of pomegranate juice, which was measured using the pH differential method, decreased by 11% after 20 days of frozen storage. Phenolic components, measured using a Folin and Ciocalteu assay by means of a UV-vis spectrophotometer, decreased by 29% after 20 days of frozen storage. Antioxidant activity, measured based on the radical scavenging properties of the juice using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method, decreased by 50% after 20 days of frozen storage. Pomegranate juice has 5 major anthocyanins, including Cyanidin 3-glucoside, Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, Delphinidin 3-glucoside, Pelargonidin 3-glucoside and Pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside are 5 major anthocyanins of pomegranate juice. They were measured using the LC-MS method and results showed that Pelargonidin 3,5- diglucoside had the greatest decrease. Also, the LC-MS method showed that ellagic acid decreased by 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mirsaeedghazi
- Department of Food Technology Engineering, Abouraihan College, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 3391653755, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Emam-Djomeh
- Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14174 Iran
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Moazzen M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Gorji ME, Yunesian M, Rastkari N. Magnetic solid-phase extraction based on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in grilled meat samples. Talanta 2013; 115:957-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Karyab H, Yunesian M, Nasseri S, Mahvi AH, Ahmadkhaniha R, Rastkari N, Nabizadeh R. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in drinking water of Tehran, Iran. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2013; 11:25. [PMID: 24499505 PMCID: PMC4176311 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-11-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Distribution and seasonal variation of sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the drinking water of Tehran, the capital of Iran. Detected single and total PAHs concentrations were in the range of 2.01-38.96 and 32.45-733.10 ng/L, respectively, which were quite high compared to the values recorded in other areas of the world. The average occurrence of PAHs with high molecular weights was 79.55%; for example, chrysene occurred in 60.6% of the samples, with a maximum concentration of 438.96 ng/L. In addition, mean carcinogen to non-carcinogen PAHs ratio was 63.84. Although the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene, as an indicator of water pollution to PAHs, was lower than the guideline value proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) as well as that of Iranian National Drinking Water Standards for all of the samples, the obtained results indicated that carcinogen PAHs present in the drinking water of Tehran can cause threats to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rastkari N, Ahmadkhaniha R. Magnetic solid-phase extraction based on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the determination of phthalate monoesters in urine samples. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1286:22-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Souri E, Eskandari M, Tehrani MB, Adib N, Ahmadkhaniha R. HPLC Determination of Pregabalin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms After Derivatization with 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2013.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sarkhail P, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R, Sarkheil P, Rastkari N. Levels of organophosphorus pesticides in medicinal plants commonly consumed in Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 20:9. [PMID: 23351610 PMCID: PMC3555721 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-20-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of pesticide residues in herbal materials was indicated by previous studies. In this study, the concentration of some of the organophosphorus pesticides including parathion, malathion, diazinon and pirimiphos methyl in different kinds of medicinal plants were determined. The samples were collected randomly from ten local markets of different areas of Iran. At the detection limit of 0.5 ng g-1, parathion and pirimiphos methyl were not detected in any of the samples. Some amounts of malathion and diazinon were found in Zataria, Matricaria chamomile, Spearmint and Cumin Seed samples while, the concentrations of target organophosphorus pesticides in Borage samples were below the detection limits of the methods which could be a result of intensive transformation of organophosphorus pesticides by Borage. In addition the organophosphorus pesticides were detected in all of the samples below the maximum residue levels (MRLs) proposed by the international organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sarkhail
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Samadi N, Abadian N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Amini F, Dalili D, Rastkari N, Safaripour E, Mohseni FA. Structural characterization and surface activities of biogenic rhamnolipid surfactants from Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate MN1 and synergistic effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2012; 57:501-8. [PMID: 22644668 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-012-0164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present work was to study chemical structures and biological activities of rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa MN1 isolated from oil-contaminated soil. The results of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed that total rhamnolipids (RLs) contained 16 rhamnolipid homologues. Di-lipid RLs containing C(10)-C(10) moieties were by far the most predominant congeners among mono-rhamnose (53.29 %) and di-rhamnose (23.52 %) homologues. Mono-rhamnolipids form 68.35 % of the total congeners in the RLs. Two major fractions were revealed in the thin layer chromatogram of produced RLs which were then purified by column chromatography. The retardation factors (R (f)) of the two rhamnolipid purple spots were 0.71 for RL1 and 0.46 for RL2. LC-MS/MS analysis proved that RL1 was composed of mono-RLs and RL2 consisted of di-RLs. RL1 was more surface-active with the critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 15 mg/L and the surface tension of 25 mN/m at CMC. The results of biological assay showed that RL1 is a more potent antibacterial agent than RL2. All methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were inhibited by RLs that were independent of their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. RLs remarkably enhanced the activity of oxacillin against MRSA strains and lowered the minimum inhibitory concentrations of oxacillin to the range of 3.12-6.25 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Samadi
- Department of Drug and Food Control and Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Samadi N, Salimi M, Sarkhail P, Rastkari N. Simultaneous determination of parathion, malathion, diazinon, and pirimiphos methyl in dried medicinal plants using solid-phase microextraction fibre coated with single-walled carbon nanotubes. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:627607. [PMID: 22645439 PMCID: PMC3354778 DOI: 10.1100/2012/627607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A reliable and sensitive headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of different organophosphorus pesticides in dried medicinal plant samples is described. The analytes were extracted by single-walled carbon nanotubes as a new solid-phase microextraction adsorbent. The developed method showed good performance. For diazinon and pirimiphos methyl calibration, curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.993) over the concentration ranges from 1.5 to 300 ng g−1, and the limit of detection at signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 0.3 ng g−1. For parathion and malathion, the linear range and limit of detection were 2.5–300 (r2 ≥ 0.991) and 0.5 ng g−1, respectively. In addition, a comparative study between the single-walled carbon nanotubes and a commercial polydimethylsiloxane fibre for the determination of target analytes was carried out. Single-walled carbon nanotubes fibre showed higher extraction capacity, better thermal stability (over 350°C), and longer lifespan (over 250 times) than the commercial polydimethylsiloxane fibre. The developed method was successfully applied to determine target organophosphorus pesticides in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14174, Iran
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Rastkari N, Mesdaghinia A, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R. Butyltin compounds in fish commonly sold in north of Iran. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 88:74-77. [PMID: 22057230 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Levels of tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products, mono (MBT) and dibutyltin (DBT), were monitored in fish commonly consumed in Iran. Samples were purchased from fish markets at seasonal intervals in 2010 along the North coast of Iran. Concentration of MBT, DBT and TBT in the muscle of these fish were in the range of n.d. -1.01 ± 0.84, n.d. -0.33 ± 0.26 and n.d. -4.31 ± 0.95 ngg(-1) (wet weight), respectively. Residue levels of butyltins were found lower than the tolerable average residue level of 100 ngg(-1) (wet weight).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hashemi Mousavi SH, Kobarfard F, Husain SW, Tehrani MS, Abroomand Azar P, Ahmadkhaniha R, Mehdizadeh A. A rapid, simple, liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization, ion trap mass spectrometry method for the determination of finasteride in human plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Iran J Pharm Res 2012; 11:59-67. [PMID: 25317185 PMCID: PMC3876561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A fast, accurate, sensitive, selective and reliable method using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the determination of finasteride in human plasma. After protein precipitation with perchloric acid, satisfactory separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse(®) C8 analytical column using a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile, 2 mM ammonium formate buffer (58:42, pH adjusted at 2.5 using formic acid); the flow rate was 0.25 mLmin(-1) and the column oven was set to 50°C. Tamoxifen citrate was used as internal standard. This method involved the use of [M +H](+) ions of finasteride and IS at m/z 373 and 372 respectively with the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.1-60 ng mL(-1). The limit of quantification for finasteride in plasma was 0.1 ng mL(-1). The intra-day and inter-day repeatability (precision) were 2.68-13.87% and 2.14-14.69% respectively. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy were 98-101.57% and 99.7-110%. The assay method has been successfully used to estimate the pharmacokinetics of finasteride after oral administration of a 5 mg tablet of finasteride in 12 healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Husain Hashemi Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Phytochemistry Research Center, SBMU, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Syed Waqif Husain
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Saber Tehrani
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parviz Abroomand Azar
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- Pharmacutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science.
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Ahmadkhaniha R, Kobarfard F, Rastkari N, Khoshayand MR, Amini M, Shafiee A. Assessment of endogenous androgen levels in meat, liver and testis of Iranian native cross-breed male sheep and bull by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 26:453-65. [PMID: 19680919 DOI: 10.1080/02652030802627475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Androgenic steroids always exist in different animal tissues at trace level, with significant numbers of interfering compounds, which makes their determination difficult. To solve some of the problems in quantification of the natural steroids in those tissues, a new GC-MS method was developed in this study. By using a surrogate analyte approach, which was developed in the authors' previous studies, and extensive sample preparation procedure, which successfully eliminates many of the interfering compounds and resulting in a cleaner extract, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and selectivity of the method for the determination of steroids in complex matrices such as meat, liver and testis were improved. By aid of this method, the levels of androgens in different tissues of Iranian native cross-breed bulls and male sheep were determined. According to the results obtained in the present study, although the androgenic profile (contents and ratios of precursors and metabolites to the main hormones) is similar between the same tissues of both animals, the total androgenic content of each tissue is higher in the bull than the same tissue in male sheep. In addition, in both animals higher amount of androgens were found in liver in comparison with meat and testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmadkhaniha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14174, Iran
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Dalili D, Fouladdel S, Rastkari N, Samadi N, Ahmadkhaniha R, Ardavan A, Azizi E. Prodigiosin, the red pigment of Serratia marcescens, shows cytotoxic effects and apoptosis induction in HT-29 and T47D cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2011; 26:2078-83. [PMID: 21985476 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.622276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a red pigment of Serratia marcescens PTCC 1111 was purified and identified for antiproliferative activities in HT-29 and T47D cancer cell lines. (1)H-NMR spectroscopy and LC/MS analysis confirmed prodigiosin structure. The antiproliferative effects of prodigiosin were determined by employing the MTT assay. The changes in cell cycle pattern were studied with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) reagent using flow cytometry assay, and Annexin V-PI method was used for apoptotic analysis. Results of MTT assay showed that HT-29 cells were more sensitive to prodigiosin than T47D cells. Prodigiosin-treated HT-29 cells showed increase in S phase and decrease in G2/M, but treated T47D cells showed cell cycle pattern relatively similar to Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI). Apoptotic effect of prodigiosin was higher than doxorubicin in HT-29 cells. The data reported here indicate that prodigiosin is a promising antineoplastic agent that triggers apoptosis in different cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dalili
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rastkari N, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R. Exposure assessment to trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene for workers in the dry cleaning industry. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2011; 86:363-367. [PMID: 21416139 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene are two particular organochloro compounds, are often used for dry-cleaning. In the present study the excretion of urinary Perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene were evaluated as biomarkers of exposure to these compounds. The mean value of Perchloroethylene in breathing zone and the total Perchloroethylene uptake during the work shift of the three groups of dry-cleaning workers according to the capacity of the dry-cleaning machine (8, 12 and 18 kg) were 31.04, 50.87 and 120.99 mg m(-3) and 11.46, 22.6 and 41.6 μg L(-1), respectively, which were significantly greater than the occupationally nonexposed groups. A good correlation (r = 0.907) between the mean values of Perchloroethylene in breathing zone and the urinary concentrations was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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