1
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Gillies N, Martín López LM, den Ouden OFC, Assink JD, Basille M, Clay TA, Clusella-Trullas S, Joo R, Weimerskirch H, Zampolli M, Zeyl JN, Patrick SC. Albatross movement suggests sensitivity to infrasound cues at sea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218679120. [PMID: 37812719 PMCID: PMC10589618 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218679120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The ways in which seabirds navigate over very large spatial scales remain poorly understood. While olfactory and visual information can provide guidance over short distances, their range is often limited to 100s km, far below the navigational capacity of wide-ranging animals such as albatrosses. Infrasound is a form of low-frequency sound that propagates for 1,000s km in the atmosphere. In marine habitats, its association with storms and ocean surface waves could in effect make it a useful cue for anticipating environmental conditions that favor or hinder flight or be associated with profitable foraging patches. However, behavioral responses of wild birds to infrasound remain untested. Here, we explored whether wandering albatrosses, Diomedea exulans, respond to microbarom infrasound at sea. We used Global Positioning System tracks of 89 free-ranging albatrosses in combination with acoustic modeling to investigate whether albatrosses preferentially orientate toward areas of 'loud' microbarom infrasound on their foraging trips. We found that in addition to responding to winds encountered in situ, albatrosses moved toward source regions associated with higher sound pressure levels. These findings suggest that albatrosses may be responding to long-range infrasonic cues. As albatrosses depend on winds and waves for soaring flight, infrasonic cues may help albatrosses to identify environmental conditions that allow them to energetically optimize flight over long distances. Our results shed light on one of the great unresolved mysteries in nature, navigation in seemingly featureless ocean environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Gillies
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL3 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Lucía Martina Martín López
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL3 5DA, United Kingdom
- Ipar Perspective Asociación Karabiondo Kalea, Bilbao48600, Spain
| | - Olivier F. C. den Ouden
- Research and Development Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Utrecht3731GA, Netherlands
- Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Jelle D. Assink
- Research and Development Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Utrecht3731GA, Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL33314
| | - Thomas A. Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL3 5DA, United Kingdom
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA95064
| | | | - Rocío Joo
- Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC20036
| | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Ecology of Marine Birds and Mammals, Centre d’Étude Biologique de Chizé, Villiers-en-Bois79360, France
| | - Mario Zampolli
- International Monitoring System Division, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, Vienna1400, Austria
| | - Jeffrey N. Zeyl
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town7602, South Africa
| | - Samantha C. Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL3 5DA, United Kingdom
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2
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Gillies N, Weimerskirch H, Thorley J, Clay TA, Martín López LM, Joo R, Basille M, Patrick SC. Boldness predicts plasticity in flight responses to winds. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:1730-1742. [PMID: 37365766 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural plasticity can allow populations to adjust to environmental change when genetic evolution is too slow to keep pace. However, its constraints are not well understood. Personality is known to shape individual behaviour, but its relationship to behavioural plasticity is unclear. We studied the relationship between boldness and behavioural plasticity in response to wind conditions in wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans). We fitted multivariate hidden Markov models to an 11-year GPS dataset collected from 294 birds to examine whether the probability of transitioning between behavioural states (rest, prey search and travel) varied in response to wind, boldness and their interaction. We found that movement decisions varied with boldness, with bolder birds showing preferences for travel, and shyer birds showing preferences for search. For females, these effects depended on wind speed. In strong winds, which are optimal for movement, females increased time spent in travel, while in weaker winds, shyer individuals showed a slight preference for search, while bolder individuals maintained preference for travel. Our findings suggest that individual variation in behavioural plasticity may limit the capacity of bolder females to adjust to variable conditions and highlight the important role of behavioural plasticity in population responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Gillies
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d'Étude Biologique de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7273, Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Jack Thorley
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thomas A Clay
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Lucía Martina Martín López
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Ipar Perspective Asociación, Sopela, Spain
| | - Rocío Joo
- Global Fishing Watch, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, Florida, USA
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, Florida, USA
| | - Samantha C Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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3
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Roux J, Bez N, Rochet P, Joo R, Mahévas S. Graphlet correlation distance to compare small graphs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281646. [PMID: 36791120 PMCID: PMC9931116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Graph models are standard for representing mutual relationships between sets of entities. Often, graphs deal with a large number of entities with a small number of connections (e.g. social media relationships, infectious disease spread). The distances or similarities between such large graphs are known to be well established by the Graphlet Correlation Distance (GCD). This paper deals with small graphs (with potentially high densities of connections) that have been somewhat neglected in the literature but that concern important fora like sociology, ecology and fisheries, to mention some examples. First, based on numerical experiments, we study the conditions under which Erdős-Rényi, Fitness Scale-Free, Watts-Strogatz small-world and geometric graphs can be distinguished by a specific GCD measure based on 11 orbits, the GCD11. This is done with respect to the density and the order (i.e. the number of nodes) of the graphs when comparing graphs with the same and different orders. Second, we develop a randomization statistical test based on the GCD11 to compare empirical graphs to the four possible null models used in this analysis and apply it to a fishing case study where graphs represent pairwise proximity between fishing vessels. The statistical test rules out independent pairing within the fleet studied which is a standard assumption in fisheries. It also illustrates the difficulty to identify similarities between real-world small graphs and graph models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Roux
- UMR DECOD, IFREMER, BP 21105, Nantes Cedex, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicolas Bez
- MARBEC, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, INRAE, Sète, France
| | | | - Rocío Joo
- Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Zeyl JN, Snelling EP, Joo R, Clusella-Trullas S. Scaling of ear morphology across 127 bird species and its implications for hearing performance. Hear Res 2023; 428:108679. [PMID: 36587457 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The dimensions of auditory structures among animals of varying body size can have implications for hearing performance. Larger animals often have a hearing range focused on lower frequencies than smaller animals, which may be explained by several anatomical mechanisms in the ear and their scaling relationships. While the effect of size on ear morphology and hearing performance has been explored in some mammals, anurans and lizards, much less is known about the scaling relationships for the single-ossicle, internally-coupled ears of birds. Using micro- and nano-CT scans of the tympanic middle and inner ears of 127 ecologically and phylogenetically diverse bird species, spanning more than 400-fold in head mass (2.3 to 950 g), we undertook phylogenetically-informed scaling analyses to test whether 12 morphological traits, of functional importance to hearing, maintain their relative proportions with increasing head mass. We then extended our analysis by regressing these morphological traits with measures of hearing sensitivity and range to better understand morphological underpinnings of hearing performance. We find that most auditory structures scale together in equal proportions, whereas columella length increases disproportionately. We also find that the size of several auditory structures is associated with increased hearing sensitivity and frequency hearing limits, while head mass did not explain these measures. Although both birds and mammals demonstrate proportional scaling between auditory structures, the consequences for hearing in each group may diverge due to unique morphological predictors of auditory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey N Zeyl
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Edward P Snelling
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Research, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Rocío Joo
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL, USA; Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC 20036, USA
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Kroodsma DA, Hochberg T, Davis PB, Paolo FS, Joo R, Wong BA. Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21004. [PMID: 36470894 PMCID: PMC9722684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Because many vessels use the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to broadcast GPS positions, recent advances in satellite technology have enabled us to map global fishing activity. Understanding of human activity at sea, however, is limited because an unknown number of vessels do not broadcast AIS. Those vessels can be detected by satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, but this technology has not yet been deployed at scale to estimate the size of fleets in the open ocean. Here we combine SAR and AIS for large-scale open ocean monitoring, developing methods to match vessels with AIS to vessels detected with SAR and estimate the number of non-broadcasting vessels. We reveal that, between September 2019 and January 2020, non-broadcasting vessels accounted for about 35% of the longline activity north of Madagascar and 10% of activity near French Polynesia and Kiribati's Line Islands. We further demonstrate that this method could monitor half of the global longline activity with about 70 SAR images per week, allowing us to track human activity across the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pete B. Davis
- grid.512016.1Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC 20036 USA
| | | | - Rocío Joo
- grid.512016.1Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC 20036 USA
| | - Brian A. Wong
- grid.512016.1Global Fishing Watch, Washington, DC 20036 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC USA ,SkyTruth, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA
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Joo R, Sánchez-Tapia A, Mortara S, Bellini Saibene Y, Turner H, Hug Peter D, Morandeira NS, Bannert M, Almazrouq B, Hare E, Ación L, Narváez-Gómez JP, Alfaro Córdoba M, Marini F, Giordano R, Canelón S, Ebou A, Upadhya AR, Chávez J, Ravi J. Ten simple rules to host an inclusive conference. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010164. [PMID: 35862309 PMCID: PMC9302732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conferences are spaces to meet and network within and across academic and technical fields, learn about new advances, and share our work. They can help define career paths and create long-lasting collaborations and opportunities. However, these opportunities are not equal for all. This article introduces 10 simple rules to host an inclusive conference based on the authors’ recent experience organizing the 2021 edition of the useR! statistical computing conference, which attracted a broad range of participants from academia, industry, government, and the nonprofit sector. Coming from different backgrounds, career stages, and even continents, we embraced the challenge of organizing a high-quality virtual conference in the context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and making it a kind, inclusive, and accessible experience for as many people as possible. The rules result from our lessons learned before, during, and after the organization of the conference. They have been written mainly for potential organizers and selection committees of conferences and contain multiple practical tips to help a variety of events become more accessible and inclusive. We see this as a starting point for conversations and efforts towards building more inclusive conferences across the world. * Translated versions of the English abstract and the list of rules are available in 10 languages in S1 Text: Arabic, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Tamil, and Thai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Joo
- Global Fishing Watch, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RJ); (JR)
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Tapia
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara Mortara
- International Institute for Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yanina Bellini Saibene
- rOpenSci, Berkeley, CA, United States of America; Universidad Nacional Guillermo Brown, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Anguil, La Pampa, Argentina; R-Ladies, California, United States of America
- MetaDocencia, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Heather Turner
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorothea Hug Peter
- Mountain Hydrology and Mass Movements, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Soledad Morandeira
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de San Martín—Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, General San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matt Bannert
- KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Batool Almazrouq
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elizabeth Hare
- Dog Genetics LLC, Astoria, New York, United States of America
| | - Laura Ación
- MetaDocencia, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Cálculo, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires—Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Narváez-Gómez
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela Alfaro Córdoba
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Federico Marini
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rita Giordano
- Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House (290), Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Canelón
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anicet Ebou
- Bioinformatics Team, Département de Formation et de Recherche Agriculture et Ressources Animales, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
| | | | - Joselyn Chávez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Janani Ravi
- Departments of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RJ); (JR)
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Joo R, Picardi S, Boone ME, Clay TA, Patrick SC, Romero-Romero VS, Basille M. Recent trends in movement ecology of animals and human mobility. Mov Ecol 2022; 10:26. [PMID: 35614458 PMCID: PMC9134608 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Movement is fundamental to life, shaping population dynamics, biodiversity patterns, and ecosystem structure. In 2008, the movement ecology framework (MEF Nathan et al. in PNAS 105(49):19052-19059, 2008) introduced an integrative theory of organismal movement-linking internal state, motion capacity, and navigation capacity to external factors-which has been recognized as a milestone in the field. Since then, the study of movement experienced a technological boom, which provided massive quantities of tracking data of both animal and human movement globally and at ever finer spatio-temporal resolutions. In this work, we provide a quantitative assessment of the state of research within the MEF, focusing on animal movement, including humans and invertebrates, and excluding movement of plants and microorganisms. Using a text mining approach, we digitally scanned the contents of [Formula: see text] papers from 2009 to 2018 available online, identified tools and methods used, and assessed linkages between all components of the MEF. Over the past decade, the publication rate has increased considerably, along with major technological changes, such as an increased use of GPS devices and accelerometers and a majority of studies now using the R software environment for statistical computing. However, animal movement research still largely focuses on the effect of environmental factors on movement, with motion and navigation continuing to receive little attention. A search of topics based on words featured in abstracts revealed a clustering of papers among marine and terrestrial realms, as well as applications and methods across taxa. We discuss the potential for technological and methodological advances in the field to lead to more integrated and interdisciplinary research and an increased exploration of key movement processes such as navigation, as well as the evolutionary, physiological, and life-history consequences of movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Joo
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
- Global Fishing Watch, Washington DC, USA
| | - Simona Picardi
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
- Jack H. Berryman Institute and Department of Wildland Resources, S.J. & Jessie E. Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT USA
| | - Matthew E. Boone
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
| | - Thomas A. Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | | | - Vilma S. Romero-Romero
- Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
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8
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Patrick SC, Assink JD, Basille M, Clusella-Trullas S, Clay TA, den Ouden OFC, Joo R, Zeyl JN, Benhamou S, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Evers LG, Fayet AL, Köppl C, Malkemper EP, Martín López LM, Padget O, Phillips RA, Prior MK, Smets PSM, van Loon EE. Infrasound as a Cue for Seabird Navigation. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.740027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seabirds are amongst the most mobile of all animal species and spend large amounts of their lives at sea. They cross vast areas of ocean that appear superficially featureless, and our understanding of the mechanisms that they use for navigation remains incomplete, especially in terms of available cues. In particular, several large-scale navigational tasks, such as homing across thousands of kilometers to breeding sites, are not fully explained by visual, olfactory or magnetic stimuli. Low-frequency inaudible sound, i.e., infrasound, is ubiquitous in the marine environment. The spatio-temporal consistency of some components of the infrasonic wavefield, and the sensitivity of certain bird species to infrasonic stimuli, suggests that infrasound may provide additional cues for seabirds to navigate, but this remains untested. Here, we propose a framework to explore the importance of infrasound for navigation. We present key concepts regarding the physics of infrasound and review the physiological mechanisms through which infrasound may be detected and used. Next, we propose three hypotheses detailing how seabirds could use information provided by different infrasound sources for navigation as an acoustic beacon, landmark, or gradient. Finally, we reflect on strengths and limitations of our proposed hypotheses, and discuss several directions for future work. In particular, we suggest that hypotheses may be best tested by combining conceptual models of navigation with empirical data on seabird movements and in-situ infrasound measurements.
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10
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Clay TA, Joo R, Weimerskirch H, Phillips RA, den Ouden O, Basille M, Clusella-Trullas S, Assink JD, Patrick SC. Sex-specific effects of wind on the flight decisions of a sexually dimorphic soaring bird. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1811-1823. [PMID: 32557603 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In a highly dynamic airspace, flying animals are predicted to adjust foraging behaviour to variable wind conditions to minimize movement costs. Sexual size dimorphism is widespread in wild animal populations, and for large soaring birds which rely on favourable winds for energy-efficient flight, differences in morphology, wing loading and associated flight capabilities may lead males and females to respond differently to wind. However, the interaction between wind and sex has not been comprehensively tested. We investigated, in a large sexually dimorphic seabird which predominantly uses dynamic soaring flight, whether flight decisions are modulated to variation in winds over extended foraging trips, and whether males and females differ. Using GPS loggers we tracked 385 incubation foraging trips of wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans, for which males are c. 20% larger than females, from two major populations (Crozet and South Georgia). Hidden Markov models were used to characterize behavioural states-directed flight, area-restricted search (ARS) and resting-and model the probability of transitioning between states in response to wind speed and relative direction, and sex. Wind speed and relative direction were important predictors of state transitioning. Birds were much more likely to take off (i.e. switch from rest to flight) in stronger headwinds, and as wind speeds increased, to be in directed flight rather than ARS. Males from Crozet but not South Georgia experienced stronger winds than females, and males from both populations were more likely to take-off in windier conditions. Albatrosses appear to deploy an energy-saving strategy by modulating taking-off, their most energetically expensive behaviour, to favourable wind conditions. The behaviour of males, which have higher wing loading requiring faster speeds for gliding flight, was influenced to a greater degree by wind than females. As such, our results indicate that variation in flight performance drives sex differences in time-activity budgets and may lead the sexes to exploit regions with different wind regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rocío Joo
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d'Étude Biologique de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7273, Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Richard A Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier den Ouden
- R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Susana Clusella-Trullas
- Department of Botany and Zoology and Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Jelle D Assink
- R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha C Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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11
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Joo R, Boone ME, Clay TA, Patrick SC, Clusella-Trullas S, Basille M. Navigating through the r packages for movement. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:248-267. [PMID: 31587257 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The advent of miniaturized biologging devices has provided ecologists with unprecedented opportunities to record animal movement across scales, and led to the collection of ever-increasing quantities of tracking data. In parallel, sophisticated tools have been developed to process, visualize and analyse tracking data; however, many of these tools have proliferated in isolation, making it challenging for users to select the most appropriate method for the question in hand. Indeed, within the r software alone, we listed 58 packages created to deal with tracking data or 'tracking packages'. Here, we reviewed and described each tracking package based on a workflow centred around tracking data (i.e. spatio-temporal locations (x, y, t)), broken down into three stages: pre-processing, post-processing and analysis, the latter consisting of data visualization, track description, path reconstruction, behavioural pattern identification, space use characterization, trajectory simulation and others. Supporting documentation is key to render a package accessible for users. Based on a user survey, we reviewed the quality of packages' documentation and identified 11 packages with good or excellent documentation. Links between packages were assessed through a network graph analysis. Although a large group of packages showed some degree of connectivity (either depending on functions or suggesting the use of another tracking package), one third of the packages worked in isolation, reflecting a fragmentation in the r movement-ecology programming community. Finally, we provide recommendations for users when choosing packages, and for developers to maximize the usefulness of their contribution and strengthen the links within the programming community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Joo
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Matthew E Boone
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Thomas A Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Samantha C Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Susana Clusella-Trullas
- Department of Botany and Zoology and Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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Joo R, Díaz E. Tamaño óptimo de muestra para estimar la distribución de tallas y proporción de juveniles de anchoveta por lance a bordo de la flota de cerco peruana. Rev peru biol 2017. [DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v24i1.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
La distribución de tallas de las capturas es una fuente de información esencial para la estimación del crecimiento y la dinámica espacio-temporal de las cohortes. La distribución de tallas de las capturas se estima a partir de muestras de individuos capturados en los lances. Este trabajo estudia la cantidad óptima de individuos a muestrear en cada lance para obtener una muestra representativa de las tallas del lance, y de la proporción de juveniles en el lance. Para ello, se utilizan datos de tallas de diferentes lances en la pesca de anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens) registrados por observadores a bordo del Programa Bitácoras de Pesca del Insti-tuto del Mar del Perú, y remuestreos a partir de esos datos. Finalmente proponemos un tamaño de muestra óptimo que permite obtener estimaciones robustas de tallas y proporción de juveniles. Aunque este trabajo se aplicó a la pesca de anchoveta, el procedimiento es aplicable a cualquier pesquería, para muestreos bio-métricos a bordo o en tierra.
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Joo R, Grados D, Bouchon M, Díaz E. Tamaño óptimo de muestra del programa de observadores a bordo de la flota dirigida a la explotación de la anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens). Rev peru biol 2016. [DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v23i2.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
El monitoreo de la pesquería de anchoveta en el Perú es de suma importancia para la sostenibilidad del ecosistema de Humboldt. El Programa de observadores a bordo Bitácoras de Pesca constituye una rica plataforma de recolección de datos de las embarcaciones durante sus viajes de pesca, y donde se recopila información acerca de las capturas en cada lance, distribuciones de tallas, descartes, captura incidental, captura por unidad de esfuerzo, entre otros. Para que los indicadores obtenidos a partir de esta información tengan robustez es preciso contar con un método de solidez estadística para el cálculo del número necesario de viajes a muestrear. Este trabajo presenta un método con estas características, para calcular el número óptimo de viajes de manera independiente para cada una de las variables y a diferentes escalas de tiempo. Se muestra que, dependiendo del objetivo y de la escala temporal, la cantidad óptima de viajes a muestrear varía. A partir de estos resultados, se proporcionan recomendaciones prácticas sobre el tamaño de muestra para el Programa Bitácoras de Pesca. También se discute la aplicabilidad de esta metodología para otros recursos pelágicos.
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Abstract
How organisms move and disperse is crucial to understand how population dynamics relates to the spatial heterogeneity of the environment. Random walk (RW) models are typical tools to describe movement patterns. Whether Lévy or alternative RW better describes forager movements is keenly debated. We get around this issue using the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD). GPD includes as specific cases Normal, exponential and power law distributions, which underlie Brownian, Poisson-like and Lévy walks respectively. Whereas previous studies typically confronted a limited set of candidate models, GPD lets the most likely RW model emerge from the data. We illustrate the wide applicability of the method using GPS-tracked seabird foraging movements and fishing vessel movements tracked by Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), both collected in the Peruvian pelagic ecosystem. The two parameters from the fitted GPD, a scale and a shape parameter, provide a synoptic characterization of the observed movement in terms of characteristic scale and diffusive property. They reveal and quantify the variability, among species and individuals, of the spatial strategies selected by predators foraging on a common prey field. The GPD parameters constitute relevant metrics for (1) providing a synthetic and pattern–oriented description of movement, (2) using top predators as ecosystem indicators and (3) studying the variability of spatial behaviour among species or among individuals with different personalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bertrand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR212 EME, Centre de Recherche Halieutique Méditerranéenne et Tropicale, Avenue Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète Cedex, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Rocío Joo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR212 EME, Centre de Recherche Halieutique Méditerranéenne et Tropicale, Avenue Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète Cedex, France
- IMARPE, Esquina Gamarra y General Valle S/N Chucuito, Callao, Lima, Peru
| | - Ronan Fablet
- Institut TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UMR CNRS 3192 Lab-STICC, Technopôle Brest Iroise CS 83818, 29238 Brest cedex, France
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Maufroy A, Chassot E, Joo R, Kaplan DM. Large-Scale Examination of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Drifting Fish Aggregating Devices (dFADs) from Tropical Tuna Fisheries of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128023. [PMID: 26010151 PMCID: PMC4444087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1990s, massive use of drifting Fish Aggregating Devices (dFADs) to aggregate tropical tunas has strongly modified global purse-seine fisheries. For the first time, a large data set of GPS positions from buoys deployed by French purse-seiners to monitor dFADs is analysed to provide information on spatio-temporal patterns of dFAD use in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans during 2007-2011. First, we select among four classification methods the model that best separates “at sea” from “on board” buoy positions. A random forest model had the best performance, both in terms of the rate of false “at sea” predictions and the amount of over-segmentation of “at sea” trajectories (i.e., artificial division of trajectories into multiple, shorter pieces due to misclassification). Performance is improved via post-processing removing unrealistically short “at sea” trajectories. Results derived from the selected model enable us to identify the main areas and seasons of dFAD deployment and the spatial extent of their drift. We find that dFADs drift at sea on average for 39.5 days, with time at sea being shorter and distance travelled longer in the Indian than in the Atlantic Ocean. 9.9% of all trajectories end with a beaching event, suggesting that 1,500-2,000 may be lost onshore each year, potentially impacting sensitive habitat areas, such as the coral reefs of the Maldives, the Chagos Archipelago, and the Seychelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maufroy
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR MARBEC (CNRS/IRD/Ifremer/UM2), Avenue Jean Monnet, Sète Cédex France
- * E-mail:
| | - Emmanuel Chassot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR MARBEC (CNRS/IRD/Ifremer/UM2), SFA, Fishing Port, Victoria, Seychelles
| | - Rocío Joo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR MARBEC (CNRS/IRD/Ifremer/UM2), Avenue Jean Monnet, Sète Cédex France
- IMARPE, Esquina Gamarra y General Valle S/N Chucuito, Callao, Lima, Peru
| | - David Michael Kaplan
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR MARBEC (CNRS/IRD/Ifremer/UM2), Avenue Jean Monnet, Sète Cédex France
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, United States
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé; CNRS; 79360; Villiers en Bois; France
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