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Fall S, Watts A, Nielsen-Gammon J, Jones E, Niyogi D, Christy JR, Pielke RA. Analysis of the impacts of station exposure on the U.S. Historical Climatology Network temperatures and temperature trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Crompton RP, McAneney KJ, Chen K, Pielke RA, Haynes K. Influence of Location, Population, and Climate on Building Damage and Fatalities due to Australian Bushfire: 1925–2009. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1175/2010wcas1063.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study reevaluates the history of building damage and loss of life due to bushfire (wildfire) in Australia since 1925 in light of the 2009 Black Saturday fires in Victoria in which 173 people lost their lives and 2298 homes were destroyed along with many other structures. Historical records are normalized to estimate building damage and fatalities had events occurred under the societal conditions of 2008/09. There are relationships between normalized building damage and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean dipole phenomena, but there is no discernable evidence that the normalized data are being influenced by climatic change due to the emission of greenhouse gases. The 2009 Black Saturday fires rank second in terms of normalized fatalities and fourth in terms of normalized building damage. The public safety concern is that, of the 10 years with the highest normalized building damage, the 2008/09 bushfire season ranks third, behind the 1925/26 and 1938/39 seasons, in terms of the ratio of normalized fatalities to building damage. A feature of the building damage in the 2009 Black Saturday fires in some of the most affected towns—Marysville and Kinglake—is the large proportion of buildings destroyed either within bushland or at very small distances from it (<10 m). Land use planning policies in bushfire-prone parts of this country that allow such development increase the risk that bushfires pose to the public and the built environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Crompton
- Risk Frontiers, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K. John McAneney
- Risk Frontiers, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keping Chen
- Risk Frontiers, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger A. Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Katharine Haynes
- Risk Frontiers, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Klotzbach PJ, Pielke RA, Pielke RA, Christy JR, McNider RT. Correction to “An alternative explanation for differential temperature trends at the surface and in the lower troposphere”. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Klotzbach PJ, Pielke RA, Pielke RA, Christy JR, McNider RT. An alternative explanation for differential temperature trends at the surface and in the lower troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd011841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pielke RA. Decarbonization figures for India and China unconvincing. Nature 2009; 462:158-9. [DOI: 10.1038/462158d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ray DK, Pielke RA, Nair US, Welch RM, Lawton RO. Importance of land use versus atmospheric information verified from cloud simulations from a frontier region in Costa Rica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado/CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Rockel B, Castro CL, Pielke RA, von Storch H, Leoncini G. Dynamical downscaling: Assessment of model system dependent retained and added variability for two different regional climate models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Matsui T, Beltrán-Przekurat A, Niyogi D, Pielke RA, Coughenour M. Aerosol light scattering effect on terrestrial plant productivity and energy fluxes over the eastern United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lo JCF, Yang ZL, Pielke RA. Assessment of three dynamical climate downscaling methods using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pielke RA, Davey CA, Niyogi D, Fall S, Steinweg-Woods J, Hubbard K, Lin X, Cai M, Lim YK, Li H, Nielsen-Gammon J, Gallo K, Hale R, Mahmood R, Foster S, McNider RT, Blanken P. Unresolved issues with the assessment of multidecadal global land surface temperature trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pielke RA. Future economic damage from tropical cyclones: sensitivities to societal and climate changes. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2007; 365:2717-29. [PMID: 17666386 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2007.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines future economic damages from tropical cyclones under a range of assumptions about societal change, climate change and the relationship of climate change to damage in 2050. It finds in all cases that efforts to reduce vulnerability to losses, often called climate adaptation, have far greater potential effectiveness to reduce damage related to tropical cyclones than efforts to modulate the behaviour of storms through greenhouse gas emissions reduction policies, typically called climate mitigation and achieved through energy policies. The paper urges caution in using economic losses of tropical cyclones as justification for action on energy policies when far more potentially effective options are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado, 1333 Grandview Avenue, Campus Box 488, Boulder, CO 80309-0488, USA.
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Strack JE, Pielke RA, Liston GE. Arctic tundra shrub invasion and soot deposition: Consequences for spring snowmelt and near-surface air temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jg000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Strack
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Roger A. Pielke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Glen E. Liston
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Eberhard Faust
- Geo Risks Research Department, Munich Re, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Höppe
- Geo Risks Research Department, Munich Re, Munich, Germany
| | - Roger A. Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Matsui T, Beltrán-Przekurat A, Pielke RA, Niyogi D, Coughenour MB. Continental-scale multiobservation calibration and assessment of Colorado State University Unified Land Model by application of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface albedo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jg000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ray DK, Nair US, Lawton RO, Welch RM, Pielke RA. Impact of land use on Costa Rican tropical montane cloud forests: Sensitivity of orographic cloud formation to deforestation in the plains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Matsui T, Masunaga H, Kreidenweis SM, Pielke RA, Tao WK, Chin M, Kaufman YJ. Satellite-based assessment of marine low cloud variability associated with aerosol, atmospheric stability, and the diurnal cycle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Since the record impact of Hurricane Katrina, attention has focused on understanding trends in hurricanes and their destructive potential. Emanuel reports a marked increase in the potential destructiveness of hurricanes based on identification of a trend in an accumulated annual index of power dissipation in the North Atlantic and western North Pacific since the 1970s. If hurricanes are indeed becoming more destructive over time, then this trend should manifest itself in more destruction. However, my analysis of a long-term data set of hurricane losses in the United States shows no upward trend once the data are normalized to remove the effects of societal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado, Campus Box 488, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0488, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Peters DPC, Pielke RA, Bestelmeyer BT, Allen CD, Munson-McGee S, Havstad KM. Cross-scale interactions, nonlinearities, and forecasting catastrophic events. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:15130-5. [PMID: 15469919 PMCID: PMC523446 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0403822101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catastrophic events share characteristic nonlinear behaviors that are often generated by cross-scale interactions and feedbacks among system elements. These events result in surprises that cannot easily be predicted based on information obtained at a single scale. Progress on catastrophic events has focused on one of the following two areas: nonlinear dynamics through time without an explicit consideration of spatial connectivity [Holling, C. S. (1992) Ecol. Monogr. 62, 447-502] or spatial connectivity and the spread of contagious processes without a consideration of cross-scale interactions and feedbacks [Zeng, N., Neeling, J. D., Lau, L. M. & Tucker, C. J. (1999) Science 286, 1537-1540]. These approaches rarely have ventured beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries. We provide an interdisciplinary, conceptual, and general mathematical framework for understanding and forecasting nonlinear dynamics through time and across space. We illustrate the generality and usefulness of our approach by using new data and recasting published data from ecology (wildfires and desertification), epidemiology (infectious diseases), and engineering (structural failures). We show that decisions that minimize the likelihood of catastrophic events must be based on cross-scale interactions, and such decisions will often be counterintuitive. Given the continuing challenges associated with global change, approaches that cross disciplinary boundaries to include interactions and feedbacks at multiple scales are needed to increase our ability to predict catastrophic events and develop strategies for minimizing their occurrence and impacts. Our framework is an important step in developing predictive tools and designing experiments to examine cross-scale interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra P C Peters
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, 1371 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Thomas N. Chase
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) and Department of Geography, Campus, Box 216, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Pielke RA, Chase TN. Response to Comment on "Contributions of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcing to Recent Tropopause Height Changes". Science 2004; 303:1771; author reply 1771. [PMID: 15031480 DOI: 10.1126/science.1092441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, 1371 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis H Marshall
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
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Abstract
Our Final Hour
A Scientist's Warning; How Terror, Error, and Environmental Disaster Threaten Humankind's Future in This Century--On Earth and Beyond. by Martin Rees. Basic Books (Perseus), New York, 2003. 238 pp. $25, C$39. ISBN 0-465-06862-6.
Our Final Century
The 50/50 Threat to Humanity's Survival. by Martin Rees. William Heinemann, London, 2003. 238 pp. £17.99. ISBN 0-434-00809-5.
Exploring reasons why the prospects for human survival on Earth may be dire, Rees provides a calm consideration of apocalyptic scenarios that science and technology have made possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Pielke
- The reviewer is at the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado/CIRES, 1333 Grandview Avenue, Campus Box 488, Boulder, CO 80309-0488, USA
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Alley RB, Marotzke J, Nordhaus WD, Overpeck JT, Peteet DM, Pielke RA, Pierrehumbert RT, Rhines PB, Stocker TF, Talley LD, Wallace JM. Abrupt climate change. Science 2003; 299:2005-10. [PMID: 12663908 DOI: 10.1126/science.1081056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Large, abrupt, and widespread climate changes with major impacts have occurred repeatedly in the past, when the Earth system was forced across thresholds. Although abrupt climate changes can occur for many reasons, it is conceivable that human forcing of climate change is increasing the probability of large, abrupt events. Were such an event to recur, the economic and ecological impacts could be large and potentially serious. Unpredictability exhibited near climate thresholds in simple models shows that some uncertainty will always be associated with projections. In light of these uncertainties, policy-makers should consider expanding research into abrupt climate change, improving monitoring systems, and taking actions designed to enhance the adaptability and resilience of ecosystems and economies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Alley
- Department of Geosciences and EMS Environment Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Pielke RA, Marland G, Betts RA, Chase TN, Eastman JL, Niles JO, Niyogi DDS, Running SW. The influence of land-use change and landscape dynamics on the climate system: relevance to climate-change policy beyond the radiative effect of greenhouse gases. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2002; 360:1705-1719. [PMID: 12460493 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2002.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Our paper documents that land-use change impacts regional and global climate through the surface-energy budget, as well as through the carbon cycle. The surface-energy budget effects may be more important than the carbon-cycle effects. However, land-use impacts on climate cannot be adequately quantified with the usual metric of 'global warming potential'. A new metric is needed to quantify the human disturbance of the Earth's surface-energy budget. This 'regional climate change potential' could offer a new metric for developing a more inclusive climate protocol. This concept would also implicitly provide a mechanism to monitor potential local-scale environmental changes that could influence biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Pielke
- Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado/CIRES, 1333 Grandview Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0488, USA
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Abstract
Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) depend on predictable, frequent, and prolonged immersion in cloud. Clearing upwind lowland forest alters surface energy budgets in ways that influence dry season cloud fields and thus the TMCF environment. Landsat and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite imagery show that deforested areas of Costa Rica's Caribbean lowlands remain relatively cloud-free when forested regions have well-developed dry season cumulus cloud fields. Further, regional atmospheric simulations show that cloud base heights are higher over pasture than over tropical forest areas under reasonable dry season conditions. These results suggest that land use in tropical lowlands has serious impacts on ecosystems in adjacent mountains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Lawton
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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Eugster W, Rouse WR, Pielke RA, Mcfadden JP, Baldocchi DD, Kittel TGF, Chapin FS, Liston GE, Vidale PL, Vaganov E, Chambers S. Land-atmosphere energy exchange in Arctic tundra and boreal forest: available data and feedbacks to climate. Glob Chang Biol 2000; 6:84-115. [PMID: 35026939 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.06015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper summarizes and analyses available data on the surface energy balance of Arctic tundra and boreal forest. The complex interactions between ecosystems and their surface energy balance are also examined, including climatically induced shifts in ecosystem type that might amplify or reduce the effects of potential climatic change. High latitudes are characterized by large annual changes in solar input. Albedo decreases strongly from winter, when the surface is snow-covered, to summer, especially in nonforested regions such as Arctic tundra and boreal wetlands. Evapotranspiration (QE ) of high-latitude ecosystems is less than from a freely evaporating surface and decreases late in the season, when soil moisture declines, indicating stomatal control over QE , particularly in evergreen forests. Evergreen conifer forests have a canopy conductance half that of deciduous forests and consequently lower QE and higher sensible heat flux (QH ). There is a broad overlap in energy partitioning between Arctic and boreal ecosystems, although Arctic ecosystems and light taiga generally have higher ground heat flux because there is less leaf and stem area to shade the ground surface, and the thermal gradient from the surface to permafrost is steeper. Permafrost creates a strong heat sink in summer that reduces surface temperature and therefore heat flux to the atmosphere. Loss of permafrost would therefore amplify climatic warming. If warming caused an increase in productivity and leaf area, or fire caused a shift from evergreen to deciduous forest, this would increase QE and reduce QH . Potential future shifts in vegetation would have varying climate feedbacks, with largest effects caused by shifts from boreal conifer to shrubland or deciduous forest (or vice versa) and from Arctic coastal to wet tundra. An increase of logging activity in the boreal forests appears to reduce QE by roughly 50% with little change in QH , while the ground heat flux is strongly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Eugster
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wayne R Rouse
- School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Roger A Pielke
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Joseph P Mcfadden
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | | | | | - F Stuart Chapin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
| | - Glen E Liston
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Pier Luigi Vidale
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371, USA
| | - Eugene Vaganov
- Institute of Forestry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
| | - Scott Chambers
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000, USA
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Abstract
Disasters and Democracy
The Politics of Extreme Natural Events. Rutherford Platt
et al
. Island Press, Washington, DC, 1999. 343 pp. Paper, $35. ISBN 1-55963-696-3.
Platt and his co-authors discuss how and why the United States has come to federalize the costs of natural disasters. Their comprehensive overview is reinforced through three case studies: coastal erosion on Fire Island, New York; flooding in St. Charles County, Missouri; and earthquakes and fires in the San Francisco Bay area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Pielke
- The author is in the Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Post Office Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
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Takle ES, Gutowski WJ, Arritt RW, Pan Z, Anderson CJ, da Silva RR, Caya D, Chen SC, Giorgi F, Christensen JH, Hong SY, Juang HMH, Katzfey J, Lapenta WM, Laprise R, Liston GE, Lopez P, McGregor J, Pielke RA, Roads JO. Project to Intercompare Regional Climate Simulations (PIRCS): Description and initial results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chase TN, Pielke RA, Kittel TGF, Baron JS, Stohlgren TJ. Potential impacts on Colorado Rocky Mountain weather due to land use changes on the adjacent Great Plains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Pielke
- Environmental and Societal Impacts Group,National Center for Atmospheric Research,Boulder, CO 80301, USA
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Vidale PL, Pielke RA, Steyaert LT, Barr A. Case study modeling of turbulent and mesoscale fluxes over the BOREAS region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pielke RA, Byerly R. Response
: Effective U.S. Science Continued. Science 1996. [DOI: 10.1126/science.271.5253.1218-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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