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Lechner M, Liu J, Counsell N, Gillespie D, Chandrasekharan D, Ta NH, Jumani K, Gupta R, Rocke J, Williams C, Tetteh A, Amnolsingh R, Khwaja S, Batterham RL, Yan CH, Treibel TA, Moon JC, Woods J, Brunton R, Boardman J, Hatter M, Abdelwahab M, Holsinger FC, Capasso R, Nayak JV, Hwang PH, Patel ZM, Paun S, Eynon-Lewis N, Kumar BN, Jayaraj S, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Lund VJ. The burden of olfactory dysfunction during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Rhinology 2023; 61:93-96. [PMID: 36286227 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Lechner
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK; ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - J Liu
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Counsell
- CRUK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Gillespie
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Chandrasekharan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - N H Ta
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - K Jumani
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Gupta
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Rocke
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - C Williams
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - A Tetteh
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Amnolsingh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Khwaja
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - R L Batterham
- Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, UK; Bariatric Centre for Weight Management and Metabolic Surgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - C H Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, USA
| | - T A Treibel
- National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - J C Moon
- National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - J Woods
- The Norfolk Smell and Taste Clinic, Norfolk and Waveney ENT Service, UK
| | - R Brunton
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - M Hatter
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M Abdelwahab
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - F C Holsinger
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - R Capasso
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J V Nayak
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - P H Hwang
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Z M Patel
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - S Paun
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Eynon-Lewis
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - B N Kumar
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - S Jayaraj
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - C Hopkins
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; The Norfolk Smell and Taste Clinic, Norfolk and Waveney ENT Service, UK
| | - V J Lund
- Royal National ENT Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
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Lechner M, Liu J, Counsell N, Gillespie D, Chandrasekharan D, Ta NH, Jumani K, Gupta R, Rao-Merugumala S, Rocke J, Williams C, Tetteh A, Amnolsingh R, Khwaja S, Batterham RL, Yan CH, Treibel TA, Moon JC, Woods J, Brunton R, Boardman J, Paun S, Eynon-Lewis N, Kumar BN, Jayaraj S, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Lund VJ. The COVANOS trial - insight into post-COVID olfactory dysfunction and the role of smell training. Rhinology 2022; 60:188-199. [PMID: 35901492 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory dysfunction is a cardinal symptom of COVID-19 infection, however, studies assessing long-term olfactory dysfunction are limited and no randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) of early olfactory training have been conducted. METHODOLOGY We conducted a prospective, multi-centre study consisting of baseline psychophysical measurements of smell and taste function. Eligible participants were further recruited into a 12-week RCT of olfactory training versus control (safety information). Patient-reported outcomes were measured using an electronic survey and BSIT at baseline and 12 weeks. An additional 1-year follow-up was open to all participants. RESULTS 218 individuals with a sudden loss of sense of smell of at least 4-weeks were recruited. Psychophysical smell loss was observed in only 32.1%; 63 participants were recruited into the RCT. The absolute difference in BSIT improvement after 12 weeks was 0.45 higher in the intervention arm. 76 participants completed 1-year follow-up; 10/19 (52.6%) of participants with an abnormal baseline BSIT test scored below the normal threshold at 1-year, and 24/29 (82.8%) had persistent parosmia. CONCLUSIONS Early olfactory training may be helpful, although our findings are inconclusive. Notably, a number of individuals who completed the 1-year assessment had persistent smell loss and parosmia at 1-year. As such, both should be considered important entities of long-Covid and further studies to improve management are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lechner
- ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK; Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Liu
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Counsell
- CRUK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Gillespie
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - N H Ta
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - K Jumani
- ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - R Gupta
- ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - J Rocke
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - C Williams
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - A Tetteh
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Amnolsingh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Khwaja
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - R L Batterham
- Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, UK; Bariatric Centre for Weight Management and Metabolic Surgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - C H Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, USA
| | - T A Treibel
- National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - J C Moon
- National Institute for Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - J Woods
- The Norfolk Smell and Taste Clinic, Norfolk
| | - R Brunton
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - S Paun
- ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - B N Kumar
- ENT Department, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - S Jayaraj
- ENT Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Hopkins
- ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; The Norfolk Smell and Taste Clinic, Norfolk and Waveney ENT Service, UK
| | - V J Lund
- Royal National ENT Hospital, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Kalaiselvan N, Glivin G, Bakthavatsalam AK, Mariappan V, Premalatha M, Raveendran PS, Jayaraj S, Sekhar SJ. A waste to energy technology for Enrichment of biomethane generation: A review on operating parameters, types of biodigesters, solar assisted heating systems, socio economic benefits and challenges. Chemosphere 2022; 293:133486. [PMID: 35016951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is one of the promising wastestoenergy (WtE) technologies that convert organic wastes to useful gaseous fuel (biogas). In this process methane is produced in the presence of methanogens (bacteria). The survival and activities of methanogens are based on several parameters such as pH, temperature, organic loading rate, types of biodigester. Moreover, these parameters influence the production of biogas in terms of yield and composition. Maintaining an appropriate temperaturefor AD is highly critical and energy intensive. This study reviews the various hybrid technologies assistedbio gas production schemes particularly from renewable energy sources. Also discuss the direct and indirect solar assisted bio-digester impacts and recommendation to improve its performance. In addition, the performance analysis Solar Photovoltaic (PV) and thermal collector assisted bio gas plants; besides their impact on the performance of anaerobic digesters. Since opportunities of solar energy are attractive, the effective utilization of the same is selected for the discussion. Besides, the various constraints that affect the yield and composition of biogas are also evaluated along with the current biogas technologies and the biodigesters. The environmental benefits, challenges and socio-economic factors are also discussed for the successful implementation of various technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kalaiselvan
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Godwin Glivin
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - A K Bakthavatsalam
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V Mariappan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Premalatha
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Saji Raveendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - S Joseph Sekhar
- Department of Engineering, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Shinas, PC 324, Oman
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Lechner M, Chandrasekharan D, Jumani K, Liu J, Gane S, Lund VJ, Philpott C, Jayaraj S. Anosmia as a presenting symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers - A systematic review of the literature, case series, and recommendations for clinical assessment and management. Rhinology 2020; 58:394-399. [PMID: 32386285 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers are at the forefront of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and are at high risk for both the contraction and subsequent spread of virus. Understanding the role of anosmia as an early symptom of infection may improve monitoring and management of SARS-CoV2 infection. METHODOLOGY We conducted a systematic review of the literature of SARS-CoV2 infection/COVID-19 and anosmia to help inform management of anosmia in healthcare works. We report a case series of healthcare workers, who presented with a loss of sense of smell secondary to COVID-19 infection to demonstrate management principles. RT-PCR was used to confirm COVID-19 positivity and psychophysical testing of olfaction was performed using the British version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, UPSIT. RESULTS The systematic literature search returned 31 articles eligible for inclusion in the study and informed our recommendations for clinical assessment and management. All three healthcare professionals who presented with loss of sense of smell subsequently tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Psychophysical testing of olfaction using the UPSIT confirmed mild and moderate microsmia in two, respectively, and normosmia at day 17 in one. CONCLUSIONS Olfactory (± gustatory) dysfunction is indicative of COVID-19 infection and thus has important implications in the context of healthcare workers, or key workers in general, who work in close contact with others if not recognised as suffering from COVID. This leads to a potentially higher likelihood of spreading the virus. In conjunction with our literature review these findings have helped with creating recommendations on the assessment and management of olfactory dysfunction during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, both for healthcare workers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lechner
- Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - K Jumani
- Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, UK
| | - J Liu
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Gane
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V J Lund
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Philpott
- The Norfolk Smell and Taste Clinic, Norfolk and Waveney ENT Service, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - S Jayaraj
- Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, UK
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Jayaraj S, Egodage SM, Walpalage S. New approach for preparation of dry natural rubber nanocomposites through acid-free co-coagulation: Effect of organoclay content. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jayaraj
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; University of Moratuwa; Moratuwa 10400 Sri Lanka
| | - S. M. Egodage
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; University of Moratuwa; Moratuwa 10400 Sri Lanka
| | - S. Walpalage
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; University of Moratuwa; Moratuwa 10400 Sri Lanka
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Ashmi M, George TT, Jayaraj S, Sivanandan KS. A Comparative Study on Neural Network, Fuzzy Logic and Neuro-Fuzzy Technique for the Human Locomotion Angle Prediction. J Med Imaging Hlth Inform 2016. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2016.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Deepanraj B, Sivasubramanian V, Jayaraj S. Kinetic study on the effect of temperature on biogas production using a lab scale batch reactor. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 121:100-104. [PMID: 25963808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, biogas production from food waste through anaerobic digestion was carried out in a 2l laboratory-scale batch reactor operating at different temperatures with a hydraulic retention time of 30 days. The reactors were operated with a solid concentration of 7.5% of total solids and pH 7. The food wastes used in this experiment were subjected to characterization studies before and after digestion. Modified Gompertz model and Logistic model were used for kinetic study of biogas production. The kinetic parameters, biogas yield potential of the substrate (B), the maximum biogas production rate (Rb) and the duration of lag phase (λ), coefficient of determination (R(2)) and root mean square error (RMSE) were estimated in each case. The effect of temperature on biogas production was evaluated experimentally and compared with the results of kinetic study. The results demonstrated that the reactor with operating temperature of 50°C achieved maximum cumulative biogas production of 7556ml with better biodegradation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Deepanraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India.
| | - V Sivasubramanian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - S Jayaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Awad Z, Jayaraj S. Re: Flap retraction during septoplasty. Clin Otolaryngol 2010; 35:239-40; author reply 240-1. [PMID: 20636751 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2010.02122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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KSrividhya P, Tamizharasan T, Jayaraj S, Muralledharan C. Characterization and Gasification using- Jatropha Curcas Seed Cake. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5958/j.0976-3015.1.1.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sankaranarayanan R, Jayaraj S. Sterility-inducing effects of antibiotics and Sulphanilamide on the gourd fruitfly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq. (Trypetidae, Diptera). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1975.tb02323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides has affected humans and their environment and contributed significantly to reduced productivity of crops. With the increasing realization of the importance of sustainable agriculture, the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) for sustainable agriculture has emerged. In the recent past entomologists and the farmers have identified methods of pest management that are ecologically non-disruptive and stable. Concurrently indigenous crop varieties with resistance to pests and diseases have been developed and cultivated. According to the principle of 'organic farming', several non-chemical methods have become popular among the local farmers. Simple cultural practices like increasing the seed rate to compensate for pest damage, adjusting the time of sowing to avoid pest damage, mulching, intercropping, trap cropping and crop rotation have been found to provide adequate protection from pest damage with no additional cost and without harmful effects on the environment. The age-old method of catch and kill is still being practised by farmers, particularly for cotton. Mechanical methods like the bow trap for control of rats and provision of tin sheets around coconut tree trunks to prevent rats damaging the nuts are still being adopted. The use of botanical materials such as the neem products for pest management has been well received almost all over the world. Biological control using the natural enemies of insect pests has become very popular among the farmers in the 1980s. The farmers who clamoured for chemical pesticides in the 1960s and 1970s are now disillusioned with these poisonous eco-destabilizing substances; they want sensible, biologically rational methods of IPM. Pest surveillance and monitoring play an important role in IPM for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jayaraj
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
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Gane S, East C, Jayaraj S, Andrews P. Rolled auricular cartilage grafts for dorsal augmentation rhinoplasty. J Laryngol Otol 2006; 121:387-9. [PMID: 17052363 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215106003483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We present a technique, which has not been previously described in the literature, of using rolled autogenous conchal cartilage for dorsal augmentation via an endonasal or external rhinoplasty approach. This technique gives greater dorsal height compared with the more common layering techniques. It is most appropriate in the minimally or moderately saddled nose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gane
- The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK.
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Narayanan K, Jayaraj S. Mass production of polyhedral occlusion bodies of NPV of Helicoverpa armigera in relation to dose, age and larval weight. Indian J Exp Biol 2002; 40:846-9. [PMID: 12597558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
A significant difference was noticed in the yield of polyhedral occlusion bodies (POBs) in various larval instars of H. armigera when three different doses of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) were administered. The yield of POBs from a single larva ranged from 0.35 x 10(6) to 25033.33 x 10(6) with a mean of 18422.33 x 10(6) for fourth instar inoculated. Positive correlation existed between larval weight and number of POBs recovered. The regression analysis indicated POBs recovered responded with predictable manner to the weight of different larval instars and the various concentration of virus administered. The medium lethal time increased in the instars of the larva advanced with a minimum of 3.5 and maximum of 8 days in the first and fifth instars respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Narayanan
- Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag 2491, H.A. Farm (Post), Bangalore 560 024, India.
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McPartlin DW, Ghufoor K, Patel SK, Jayaraj S. A rare case of cutaneous kaposiform haemangioendothelioma. Int J Clin Pract 1999; 53:562-3. [PMID: 10692745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm with a wide anatomical distribution. We describe an unusual case arising in the post-auricular skin of a male infant overlying a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W McPartlin
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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Abstract
Although the application of a topical local anaesthetic before fibreoptic nasendoscopy is routine practice in many otolaryngological outpatients, the actual benefit to the patient of this procedure remains in doubt. Eighty-two patients were recruited in this double-blind randomized control trial which compared the patients' experiences of fibreoptic nasendoscopy with nasal preparations of Xylocaine (lidocaine), normal saline, and no spray to the nose and throat. A visual analogue scoring system was used to determine scores for the overall unpleasantness of procedure, receiving a spray, and taste of the spray, and pain. This study has shown significantly worse overall experience (P = 0.001) and pain (P = 0.048) scores for Xylocaine spray versus no spray. It is concluded that the routine use of topical local anaesthetics within the nose before routine fibreoptic nasendoscopy is not only of no value, but actually makes the experience worse for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Frosh
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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Abstract
We evaluated a worksite smoking cessation program that employed multicomponents including support groups, incentives, and competition. The combination of incentives and other components increased participation rates to over 80%. Forty-two percent of smokers were abstinent at six months, compared to 13 percent of a control group (difference 29 percent, 95% CI 9, 49).
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Jason
- DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614-3298
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Easwaramoorthy S, Jayaraj S. Interaction between the tachinid parasite,Sturmiopsis inferens and granulosis virus in the sugarcane shoot borer,Chilo infuscatellus [Lep.: Crambidae]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02372595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Easwaramoorthy S, Jayaraj S. Vertical transmission of granulosis virus of sugarcane shoot borer,Chilo infuscatellusSnell.†. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/09670878909371401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rabindra R, Jayaraj S, Balasubramanian M. Farinocystis tribolii-induced susceptibility to some insecticides in Tribolium castaneum larvae. J Invertebr Pathol 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(88)90050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rabindra RJ, Balasubramanian M, Jayaraj S. The susceptibility ofTribolium castaneum [Col.: Tenchrionidae] toFarinocystis tribolii [Protozoa: Schizogregarinida]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02372099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Rabindra R, Balasubramanian M, Jayaraj S. The effects of Farinocystis tribolii on the growth and development of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. J Invertebr Pathol 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(81)90100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Easwaramoorthy S, Jayaraj S. Effectiveness of the white halo fungus, Cephalosporium lecanii, against field populations of coffee green bug, Coccus viridis. J Invertebr Pathol 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(78)90178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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28
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Narayanan K, Jayaraj S, Govindarajan R. Further observations on the mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis on Papilio demoleus and Spodoptera litura. J Invertebr Pathol 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(76)90134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Govindarajan R, Jayaraj S, Narayanan K. Observations on the nature of resistance in Spodoptera litura (F.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) to infection by Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. Indian J Exp Biol 1975; 13:548-50. [PMID: 1218923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Jayaraj S, Chinnarajan AM. Effect of oxytetracycline and sulphanilamide on the reproductive organs and fecundity of melon fly, dacus cucurbitae coq. Hindustan Antibiot Bull 1975; 17:111-4. [PMID: 1233354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Sankaranarayanan R, Jayaraj S. Effect of terramycin and sulphanilamide on the reproduction and longevity of the gourd fruit fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq. (Trypetidae: Diptera). Hindustan Antibiot Bull 1974; 17:19-23. [PMID: 4466819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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32
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Chinnarajan AM, Jayaraj S, Sankaranarayanan R. Effect of terramycin and sulphanilamide on the mineral content of melonfly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq. (Trypetidae: Diptera). Hindustan Antibiot Bull 1973; 15:151-3. [PMID: 4763652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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33
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Narayanan K, Jayaraj S, Subramaniam TR. Sensitivity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner to two antibiotics and a sulphanilamide. Hindustan Antibiot Bull 1972; 15:14-5. [PMID: 4665126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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34
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Chinnarajan AM, Jayaraj S, Narayanan K. Destruction of endosymbionts with oxytetracycline and sulphanilamide in the gourd fruitfly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq. (Trypetidae, Diptera). Hindustan Antibiot Bull 1972; 15:16-22. [PMID: 4665127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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35
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Jayaraj S, Ehrhardt P, Schmutterer H. The effect of certain antibiotics on reproduction of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae scop. Ann Appl Biol 1967; 59:13-21. [PMID: 6044887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1967.tb04412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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36
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Jayaraj S. The effect of leafhopper infestation on the respiration of castor bean varieties in relation to their resistance toEmpoasca flavescens (F.) (Homoptera: Jassidae). Cell Mol Life Sci 1966. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01900973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Jayaraj S. Organic acid contents in castor bean varieties in relation to their preference by the leafhopper,Empoasca flavescens (F.). Naturwissenschaften 1966. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00623010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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