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Dupieux C, Descours G, Verhoeven P, Grattard F, Benito Y, Vandenesch F, Cazorla C, Ferry T, Lustig S, Boyer B, Boisset S, Carricajo A, Laurent F, PIRLA investigator group /. Optimized decision algorithm for the microbiological diagnosis of osteoarticular infections in adults using synovial fluid samples: a prospective study in two French hospitals including 423 samples of synovial fluid. J Bone Jt Infect 2024; 9:37-48. [PMID: 38600997 PMCID: PMC11004666 DOI: 10.5194/jbji-9-37-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
No consensus exists about the techniques to use for microbiological diagnosis of bone and joint infections (BJIs). The objective herein was to define an algorithm to optimize BJI diagnosis in adults using various bacteriological methods on synovial fluid samples. This prospective multi-center study included 423 synovial fluids collected from adult patients with suspected BJIs. Culture (using five solid media, an enrichment broth, and blood culture bottles), universal 16S rRNA PCR followed by Sanger sequencing, and seven specific bacterial PCRs were systematically performed. Combinations of methods were compared to arrive at the optimized algorithm. Among 423 synovial fluids, 242 infections were diagnosed (57.2 %): 213 mono- and 29 poly-microbial for a total of 284 bacteria (staphylococci at 54.6 %, streptococci-enterococci at 16.5 %, Gram-negative bacilli at 15.5 %, anaerobic species at 8.8 %). Comparing culture techniques, blood culture bottles had the highest sensitivity (67.6 % for pediatric and 63.9 % for anaerobic bottles) but are not sufficient alone and require being combined with solid media. The 16S rDNA PCR detected only 52.3 % of the bacteria, whereas specific PCRs had a higher sensitivity (Staphylococcus spp. at 66.2 %, S. aureus at 85.2 %, Streptococcus spp. at 91.2 %). Based on these results, an algorithm was proposed associating three solid media; inoculation into blood culture bottles; and 16S, Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. PCRs, which would have detected 90.5 % of bacteria in the present cohort versus 79.2 % using all culture techniques on synovial fluid. This prospective study shows that a combination of culture and molecular methods on synovial fluids allows the optimization of bacterial detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Dupieux
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Ghislaine Descours
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Paul Verhoeven
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, 42055, France
| | - Florence Grattard
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, 42055, France
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Céline Cazorla
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, 42055, France
| | - Tristan Ferry
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Sébastien Lustig
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Bertrand Boyer
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, 42055, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, 42055, France
| | - Frédéric Laurent
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69004, France
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Maurin M, Pondérand L, Hennebique A, Pelloux I, Boisset S, Caspar Y. Tularemia treatment: experimental and clinical data. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1348323. [PMID: 38298538 PMCID: PMC10827922 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1348323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tularemia is a zoonosis caused by the Gram negative, facultative intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis. This disease has multiple clinical presentations according to the route of infection, the virulence of the infecting bacterial strain, and the underlying medical condition of infected persons. Systemic infections (e.g., pneumonic and typhoidal form) and complications are rare but may be life threatening. Most people suffer from local infection (e.g., skin ulcer, conjunctivitis, or pharyngitis) with regional lymphadenopathy, which evolve to suppuration in about 30% of patients and a chronic course of infection. Current treatment recommendations have been established to manage acute infections in the context of a biological threat and do not consider the great variability of clinical situations. This review summarizes literature data on antibiotic efficacy against F. tularensis in vitro, in animal models, and in humans. Empirical treatment with beta-lactams, most macrolides, or anti-tuberculosis agents is usually ineffective. The aminoglycosides gentamicin and streptomycin remain the gold standard for severe infections, and the fluoroquinolones and doxycycline for infections of mild severity, although current data indicate the former are usually more effective. However, the antibiotic treatments reported in the literature are highly variable in their composition and duration depending on the clinical manifestations, the age and health status of the patient, the presence of complications, and the evolution of the disease. Many patients received several antibiotics in combination or successively. Whatever the antibiotic treatment administered, variable but high rates of treatment failures and relapses are still observed, especially in patients treated more then 2-3 weeks after disease onset. In these patients, surgical treatment is often necessary for cure, including drainage or removal of suppurative lymph nodes or other infectious foci. It is currently difficult to establish therapeutic recommendations, particularly due to lack of comparative randomized studies. However, we have attempted to summarize current knowledge through proposals for improving tularemia treatment which will have to be discussed by a group of experts. A major factor in improving the prognosis of patients with tularemia is the early administration of appropriate treatment, which requires better medical knowledge and diagnostic strategy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Maurin
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble, France
| | - Léa Pondérand
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Aurélie Hennebique
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Pelloux
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Caspar
- Centre National de Référence Francisella tularensis, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
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Degabriel M, Valeva S, Boisset S, Henry T. Pathogenicity and virulence of Francisella tularensis. Virulence 2023; 14:2274638. [PMID: 37941380 PMCID: PMC10653695 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2274638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tularaemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium, Francisella tularensis. Depending on its entry route into the organism, F. tularensis causes different diseases, ranging from life-threatening pneumonia to less severe ulceroglandular tularaemia. Various strains with different geographical distributions exhibit different levels of virulence. F. tularensis is an intracellular bacterium that replicates primarily in the cytosol of the phagocytes. The main virulence attribute of F. tularensis is the type 6 secretion system (T6SS) and its effectors that promote escape from the phagosome. In addition, F. tularensis has evolved a peculiar envelope that allows it to escape detection by the immune system. In this review, we cover tularaemia, different Francisella strains, and their pathogenicity. We particularly emphasize the intracellular life cycle, associated virulence factors, and metabolic adaptations. Finally, we present how F. tularensis largely escapes immune detection to be one of the most infectious and lethal bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Degabriel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, LYON, France
| | - Stanimira Valeva
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, LYON, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, LYON, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, UMR5075, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, LYON, France
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Richarme C, Pavese P, Rubens-Duval B, Seurat O, Le Marechal M, Boisset S. Diagnostic performances and therapeutic impact of the Unyvero Implant and Tissue Infection multiplex PCR in periprosthetic joint infections. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:723-734. [PMID: 37526180 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We evaluated the diagnostic performances of Unyvero Implant and Tissue Infection multiplex PCR (mPCR) (Curetis) and the clinical impact of this PCR on therapeutic decisions. Materials & methods: A mPCR was performed on 33 joint fluids in addition to standard culture. A group of experts analyzed a posteriori the impact of the mPCR in the patient management. Results: The rate of concordance with culture was 74% (20/27). The sensitivity of the PCR was 59% and the specificity 90%. Clinicians would have started an appropriate treatment sooner for six patients (from 2 to 22 days earlier). Conclusion: The PCR would improve the management of 22% of the patients. For other patients, mPCR results have to be completed with the culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Richarme
- Laboratoire de bactériologie-hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Patricia Pavese
- Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Brice Rubens-Duval
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie du sport, Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Olivier Seurat
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Marion Le Marechal
- Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de bactériologie-hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38043, France
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, 38044, France
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Ponderand L, Guimard T, Lazaro E, Dupuy H, Peuchant O, Roch N, Deroche P, Ferry T, Maurin M, Hennebique A, Boisset S, Pelloux I, Caspar Y. Case Studies and Literature Review of Francisella tularensis-Related Prosthetic Joint Infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1118-1126. [PMID: 37209668 DOI: 10.3201/eid2906.221395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tularemia is a zoonotic infection caused by Francisella tularensis. Its most typical manifestations in humans are ulceroglandular and glandular; infections in prosthetic joints are rare. We report 3 cases of F. tularensis subspecies holarctica-related prosthetic joint infection that occurred in France during 2016-2019. We also reviewed relevant literature and found only 5 other cases of Francisella-related prosthetic joint infections worldwide, which we summarized. Among those 8 patients, clinical symptoms appeared 7 days to 19 years after the joint placement and were nonspecific to tularemia. Although positive cultures are typically obtained in only 10% of tularemia cases, strains grew in all 8 of the patients. F. tularensis was initially identified in 2 patients by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; molecular methods were used for 6 patients. Surgical treatment in conjunction with long-term antimicrobial treatment resulted in favorable outcomes; no relapses were seen after 6 months of follow-up.
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Hennebique A, Caspar Y, Maurin M, Boisset S, Pelloux I, Gallego-Hernanz MP, Burucoa C, Cazenave-Roblot F, Plouzeau C, Rammaert B. Ulceroglandular Infection and Bacteremia Caused by Francisella salimarina in Immunocompromised Patient, France. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:465-467. [PMID: 35076000 PMCID: PMC8798692 DOI: 10.3201/eid2802.211380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Francisella tularensis is a well-known, highly virulent bacterium that causes tularemia in humans, other Francisella species have been associated with sporadic human infections. We describe a human cutaneous infection with bacteremia caused by F. salimarina, a Francisella species recently identified from seawater and fishes, in an immunocompromised patient in France.
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Alcaraz JP, Le Coq L, Pourchez J, Thomas D, Chazelet S, Boudry I, Barbado M, Silvent S, Dessale C, Antoine F, Guimier-Pingault C, Cortella L, Rouif S, Bardin-Monnier N, Charvet A, Dufaud O, Leclerc L, Montigaud Y, Laurent C, Verhoeven P, Joubert A, Bouhanguel A, Andres Y, Gaffé J, Martin DK, Huet C, Boisset S, Maurin M, Rumeau P, Charlot F, Richaud E, Moreau-Gaudry A, Bonneterre V, Cinquin P, Landelle C. Reuse of medical face masks in domestic and community settings without sacrificing safety: Ecological and economical lessons from the Covid-19 pandemic. Chemosphere 2022; 288:132364. [PMID: 34600007 PMCID: PMC8491628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The need for personal protective equipment increased exponentially in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. To cope with the mask shortage during springtime 2020, a French consortium was created to find ways to reuse medical and respiratory masks in healthcare departments. The consortium addressed the complex context of the balance between cleaning medical masks in a way that maintains their safety and functionality for reuse, with the environmental advantage to manage medical disposable waste despite the current mask designation as single-use by the regulatory frameworks. We report a Workflow that provides a quantitative basis to determine the safety and efficacy of a medical mask that is decontaminated for reuse. The type IIR polypropylene medical masks can be washed up to 10 times, washed 5 times and autoclaved 5 times, or washed then sterilized with radiations or ethylene oxide, without any degradation of their filtration or breathability properties. There is loss of the anti-projection properties. The Workflow rendered the medical masks to comply to the AFNOR S76-001 standard as "type 1 non-sanitory usage masks". This qualification gives a legal status to the Workflow-treated masks and allows recommendation for the reuse of washed medical masks by the general population, with the significant public health advantage of providing better protection than cloth-tissue masks. Additionally, such a legal status provides a basis to perform a clinical trial to test the masks in real conditions, with full compliance with EN 14683 norm, for collective reuse. The rational reuse of medical mask and their end-of-life management is critical, particularly in pandemic periods when decisive turns can be taken. The reuse of masks in the general population, in industries, or in hospitals (but not for surgery) has significant advantages for the management of waste without degrading the safety of individuals wearing reused masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Alcaraz
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Le Coq
- IMT Atlantique, GEPEA, CNRS UMR 6144, CS 20722, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Jérémie Pourchez
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7274 LRGP, 54001, Nancy, France
| | - Sandrine Chazelet
- INRS Département Ingénierie des Procédés, 1 rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Boudry
- Clinical Investigation Center-Technological Innovation 1406 (CIC-IT), Department of Public Health, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Maud Barbado
- Clinical Investigation Center-Technological Innovation 1406 (CIC-IT), Department of Public Health, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Silvent
- Clinical Investigation Center-Technological Innovation 1406 (CIC-IT), Department of Public Health, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Dessale
- CIC Inserm 1433 Innovation Technologiques, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Fabienne Antoine
- CIC Inserm 1433 Innovation Technologiques, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Laurent Cortella
- ARC-Nucleart, CEA Grenoble, 17, rue des Martyrs, Cedex 9, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rouif
- Ionisos SAS, 13 Chemin du Pontet, 69380, Civrieux-d'Azergues, France
| | | | - Augustin Charvet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7274 LRGP, 54001, Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Dufaud
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7274 LRGP, 54001, Nancy, France
| | - Lara Leclerc
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Yoann Montigaud
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Coralie Laurent
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Paul Verhoeven
- CIRI (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie), Equipe GIMAP (team 15), INSERM U1111, CNRS, ENS, UCBL1, Université Jean Monnet, Université de Lyon, 42000, Saint-Etienne, France; Service des Agents Infectieux et d'Hygiène, CHU de St-Etienne, 42000, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Aurélie Joubert
- IMT Atlantique, GEPEA, CNRS UMR 6144, CS 20722, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Ala Bouhanguel
- IMT Atlantique, GEPEA, CNRS UMR 6144, CS 20722, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Yves Andres
- IMT Atlantique, GEPEA, CNRS UMR 6144, CS 20722, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Joël Gaffé
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Donald K Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Huet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Pascal Rumeau
- Institut Français Textile Et Habillement, 93 Chemin des Mouilles, 69130, Ecully, France
| | - Frédéric Charlot
- CMTC, Grenoble INP, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Richaud
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Laboratoire de Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux (PIMM), CNRS, CNAM, UMR, 8006, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Moreau-Gaudry
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Clinical Investigation Center-Technological Innovation 1406 (CIC-IT), Department of Public Health, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Bonneterre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Philippe Cinquin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Caroline Landelle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France.
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Hennebique A, Peyroux J, Brunet C, Martin A, Henry T, Knezevic M, Santic M, Boisset S, Maurin M. Amoebae can promote the survival of Francisella species in the aquatic environment. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:277-290. [PMID: 33538648 PMCID: PMC7919924 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1885999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Francisella tularensis, a tier 1 select agent, is the causative bacterium of tularemia, a zoonosis with a large animal reservoir. However, F. tularensis, like many other Francisella species, is assumed to have an aquatic reservoir. The mechanisms of Francisella species persistence in surface water remain poorly characterized. In this study, we deeply investigated the long-term interactions of the tularemia agent F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, F. novicida or F. philomiragia with amoebae of the Acanthamoeba species. In amoeba plate screening tests, all the Francisella species tested resisted the attack by amoebae. In in vitro infection models, intra-amoebic growth of Francisella varied according to the involved bacterial species and strains, but also the amoeba culture medium used. In co-culture models, the amoebae favoured Francisella survival over 16 days, which was likely dependent on direct contact between bacteria and amoebae for F. novicida and on amoeba-excreted compounds for F. novicida and for F. tularensis. In a spring water co-culture model, amoebae again enhanced F. novicida survival and preserved bacterial morphology. Overall, our results demonstrate that amoebae likely promote Francisella survival in aquatic environments, including the tularemia agent F. tularensis. However, bacteria-amoebae interactions are complex and depend on the Francisella species considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Hennebique
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Peyroux
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Brunet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France
| | - Amandine Martin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France
| | - Masa Knezevic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marina Santic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France
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Pouderoux C, Ginevra C, Descours G, Ranc AG, Beraud L, Boisset S, Magand N, Conrad A, Bergeron-Lafaurie A, Jarraud S, Ader F. Slowly or Nonresolving Legionnaires' Disease: Case Series and Literature Review. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 70:1933-1940. [PMID: 31242293 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rarely, Legionnaires' disease (LD) can progress into a slowly or nonresolving form. METHODS A nationwide retrospective study was conducted by the French National Reference Center for Legionella (2013-2017) including cases of slowly or nonresolving LD defined as persistent clinical symptoms, computed tomography (CT) scan abnormalities, and Legionella detection in lower respiratory tract specimens by culture and/or real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) >30 days after symptom onset. RESULTS Twelve cases of community-acquired slowly or nonresolving LD were identified among 1686 cases of culture-positive LD. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 63 (29-82) years. Ten (83.3%) patients had ≥1 immunosuppressive factor. Clinically, 9 patients transiently recovered before further deterioration (median [IQR] symptom-free interval, 30 [18-55] days), 3 patients had uniformly persistent symptoms (median [IQR] time, 48 [41.5-54] days). Two patients had >2 recurrences. CT scan imagery found lung abscess in 5 (41.6%) cases. Slowly or nonresolving LD was diagnosed on positive Legionella cultures (n = 10, 83.3%) at 49.5 (IQR, 33.7-79) days. Two cases were documented through positive Legionella RT PCR at 52 and 53 days (cycle threshold detection of 21.5 and 33.7, respectively). No genomic microevolution and no Legionella resistance to antibiotics were detected. The median (IQR) duration of treatment was 46.5 (21-92.5) days. Two empyema cases required thoracic surgery. At a median (IQR) follow-up of 26 (14-41.5) months, LD-attributable mortality was 16.6% (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Slowly or nonresolving LD may occur in immunocompromised patients, possibly leading to lung abscess and empyema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Pouderoux
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Ginevra
- Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Ghislaine Descours
- Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Ranc
- Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Beraud
- Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Magand
- Service de Radiologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Anne Conrad
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
| | | | - Sophie Jarraud
- Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Florence Ader
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Paris, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Paris, France
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10
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Kolenda C, Ranc AG, Boisset S, Caspar Y, Carricajo A, Souche A, Dauwalder O, Verhoeven PO, Vandenesch F, Laurent F. Assessment of Respiratory Bacterial Coinfections Among Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Positive Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Units Using Conventional Culture and BioFire, FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus Assay. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa484. [PMID: 33204762 PMCID: PMC7654374 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 15% of patients infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) present with severe forms of the disease and require hospitalization in intensive care units, which has been associated with high mortality rates. The prevalence of bacterial infections in these patients is not well established, and more data are needed to guide empiric antibiotic therapy and improve patient outcomes. Methods In this prospective multicenter study, we assessed bacterial coinfections identified in culture from 99 French patients infected by SARS-Cov-2 and hospitalized in intensive care units. We concomitantly evaluated an innovative molecular diagnostic technology technique, the BioFire, FilmArray Pneumonia Panel plus (FA-pneumo) assay, to identify these coinfections at an early stage, and its concordance with conventional culture. Results We showed that a bacterial coinfection was detected in 15% of patients based on conventional culture. Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae were the most prevalent pathogens. The sensitivity of FA-pneumo compared with culture was 100%. In contrast, the specificity varied between 88.4% and 100% according to the pathogen, and our results highlighted that 60.5% of bacterial targets reported using this assay were not recovered by culture; 76.9% of discordant results corresponded to bacteria belonging to commensal oral flora and/or reported with ≤105 copies/mL bacterial nucleic acids. Conclusions Based on its excellent sensitivity, the FA-pneumo assay is useful to rule out bacterial coinfections in the context of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and avoid the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. However, positive tests should be interpreted carefully, taking into consideration deoxyribonucleic acid bacterial load and all clinical and biological signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Kolenda
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Ranc
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Caspar
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Laboratoire des Agents Infectieux et d'Hygiène, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Aubin Souche
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Dauwalder
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul O Verhoeven
- Laboratoire des Agents Infectieux et d'Hygiène, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Laurent
- Département de Bactériologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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11
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Forget V, Fauconnier J, Boisset S, Pavese P, Vermorel C, Bosson JL, Saragaglia D, Tonetti J, Mallaret MR, Landelle C. Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections after orthopaedic and trauma surgery in a French university hospital. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 229:113585. [PMID: 32781428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical site infections (SSI) after orthopaedic surgery are responsible for reduced quality of life, increased length of hospital stay and costs. The most commonly identified organism is Staphylococcus aureus but risk factors for S. aureus SSI are not well-known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence rate trend of S. aureus SSI over the years and risk factors of these infections in a French University Hospital. METHODS SSI rates were expressed as cumulative incidence rates per year. A case-control study nested within a prospective cohort of patients undergoing orthopaedic or trauma surgery from January 1st, 2012 to April 30th, 2015 was performed. Cases were patients with S. aureus SSI; controls were patients without SSI. Risk factors of S. aureus SSI were identified by univariate and multivariable analysis. RESULTS Of 7438 interventions, 50 (0.7%) S. aureus SSI were identified, without significant increase by years. A total of 46 S. aureus SSI was matched to 91 controls. Risk factors for S. aureus SSI were smoking (odds-ratio (OR) = 8.4, 95%CI 1.2-59.6) and National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System score (NNISS) ≥1 (OR = 5.8, 95%CI 1.8-19.1). Having 1 or 2 preoperative antiseptic showers (OR = 0.3, 95%CI 0.1-0.7) was a protective factor. CONCLUSION The rate of S. aureus SSI is not negligible after orthopaedic and trauma surgery. It seems imperative to strengthen smoking cessation recommendations, and to recall the importance of preoperative antiseptic showers. Systematic screening and decolonization for S. aureus carriage before orthopaedic and trauma surgery could be a means to prevent these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérôme Fauconnier
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France; Medical Information, Public Health Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia Pavese
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Vermorel
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bosson
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
| | - Dominique Saragaglia
- Department of Osteoarthritis and Sport Surgery, South Teaching Hospital, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jérôme Tonetti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Reine Mallaret
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France; Infection Control Unit, Public Health Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Landelle
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France; Infection Control Unit, Public Health Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
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12
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Regoui S, Hennebique A, Girard T, Boisset S, Caspar Y, Maurin M. Optimized MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification of Francisella tularensis Subsp. holarctica. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081143. [PMID: 32731606 PMCID: PMC7464108 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a tier 1 agent causing the zoonosis tularemia. This highly infectious Gram-negative bacterium is occasionally isolated from human samples (especially blood samples) in routine clinical microbiology laboratories. A rapid and accurate method for identifying this pathogen is needed in order to optimize the infected patient’s healthcare management and prevent contamination of the laboratory personnel. MALDI TOF mass spectrometry has become the gold standard for the rapid identification of most human pathogens. However, F. tularensis identification using such technology and commercially available databases is currently considered unreliable. Real-time PCR-based methods for rapid detection and accurate identification of F. tularensis are not available in many laboratories. As a national reference center for tularemia, we developed a MALDI TOF database allowing accurate identification of the species F. tularensis and its differentiation from the closely related neighbor species F. tularensis subsp. novicida and F. philomiragia. The sensitivity and specificity of this database were validated by testing 71 F. tularensis strains and 165 strains from 63 species not belonging to the Francisella genus. We obtained accurate identification at the species level and differentiation of all the tested bacterial strains. In particular, F. tularensis could be accurately differentiated from other small Gram-negative bacilli occasionally isolated from human samples, including species of the HACEK group and Brucella melitensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Regoui
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
| | - Aurélie Hennebique
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Girard
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Caspar
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; (S.R.); (A.H.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (Y.C.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-476-769-594
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13
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Kosacki J, Boisset S, Maurin M, Cornut PL, Thuret G, Hubanova R, Vandenesch F, Carricajo A, Aptel F, Chiquet C. Specific PCR and Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Ocular Samples from Acute and Delayed-Onset Postoperative Endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 212:34-42. [PMID: 31770517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rapid identification of virulent pathogens is essential to strengthen the therapeutic strategy of acute endophthalmitis. OBJECTIVES This study sought to compare the contribution of a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests to culture methods, in patients with postoperative endophthalmitis. DESIGN Prospective multicenter study diagnostic evaluation. METHODS Setting: university referral centers. PARTICIPANTS 153 consecutive patients presenting with acute or delayed-onset postoperative endophthalmitis, between 2008 and 2015. There were a total of 284 aqueous humor (AH) and/or vitreous fluid (VF) samples. Outcomes and measurements: microbiological tests of intraocular samples included bacterial culturing of pediatric blood culture bottles; 16SrDNA amplification and sequencing (panbacterial PCR) for detection and identification of all bacterial species; real-time PCR (qPCR) assays targeting the femA or lytA gene for detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) or Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), respectively; and a qPCR assay targeting the tuf gene for detection and quantification of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). RESULTS At the time of admission, the rate of detection of microorganisms by PCR-based tests was not significantly different than that by culturing (38% versus 30% in AH samples [n = 69]; 66% versus 63% in VF samples [n = 82], respectively). In contrast, after 1 intravitreal injection (IVI) of antibiotics, the identification rate by PCR-based tests was higher than that in VF by culturing (62% vs 48%, respectively; n = 94; P = 0.05). Bacteria were identified in 70% of patients, with a predominance of Gram-positive bacteria (93%). Specific qPCR tests targeting S. aureus and S. pneumoniae did not provide additional diagnoses but provided earlier results. The S. epidermidis load in vitreous at the time of patients' admission was higher in cases of final visual acuity (VA) of <20/40 (127,118 ± 125,848 DNA copies/mL) in patients with a VA of ≥20/40 (40350,000 ± 46,912 DNA copies/mL; P = 0.09). No significant changes in S. epidermidis load was found after one IVI. CONCLUSIONS Patients with acute or delayed-onset endophthalmitis should benefit from microbiological identification in vitreous samples by combined analysis using bacterial cultures in pediatric blood culture bottles and panbacterial PCR. The last test was more effective than cultures in vitreous samples collected after an IVI of antibiotics. The qPCR tests targeting S. aureus and S. pneumoniae gave earlier results than culture and panbacterial PCR but did not provide additional diagnoses. As for S. epidermidis infections, determination of bacterial load using the qPCR test targeting the tuf gene could help evaluation of the visual prognosis of patients. Its role in the follow-up of patients after antibiotic treatment needs further investigation.
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14
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Genestet C, Paret R, Pichat C, Berland JL, Jacomo V, Carret G, Fredenucci I, Hodille E, Rasigade JP, Boisset S, Carricajo A, Lina G, Ronnaux-Baron AS, Mornex JF, Grando J, Sénéchal A, Ader F, Dumitrescu O. Routine survey of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates reveals nosocomial transmission. Eur Respir J 2019; 55:13993003.01888-2019. [PMID: 31806715 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01888-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Genestet
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Equally contributed to this work
| | - Raphael Paret
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Equally contributed to this work
| | - Catherine Pichat
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Berland
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France
| | | | - Gerard Carret
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Fredenucci
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Hodille
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rasigade
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble, Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525 CNRS-UJF, UFR de Médecine, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Laboratoire des Agents Infectieux et d'Hygiène, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Gérard Lina
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Agathe Sénéchal
- Département de Pneumologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Ader
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Département des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Oana Dumitrescu
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Observatoire Rhône-Alpes des Mycobactéries, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France .,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR 5308, Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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15
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Siebert C, Lindgren H, Ferré S, Villers C, Boisset S, Perard J, Sjöstedt A, Maurin M, Brochier-Armanet C, Couté Y, Renesto P. Francisella tularensis: FupA mutation contributes to fluoroquinolone resistance by increasing vesicle secretion and biofilm formation. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:808-822. [PMID: 31164053 PMCID: PMC6566608 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1615848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is the causative agent in tularemia for which the high prevalence of treatment failure and relapse is a major concern. Directed-evolution experiments revealed that acquisition of fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance was linked to factors in addition to mutations in DNA gyrase. Here, using F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) as a model, we demonstrated that FupA/B (Fer-Utilization Protein) expression is linked to FQ susceptibility, and that the virulent strain F. tularensis subsp. tularensis SCHU S4 deleted for the homologous FupA protein exhibited even higher FQ resistance. In addition to an increased FQ minimal inhibitory concentration, LVSΔfupA/B displayed tolerance toward bactericidal compounds including ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Interestingly, the FupA/B deletion was found to promote increased secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic characterization of vesicles from LVS and LVS∆fupA/B identified 801 proteins, including a subset of 23 proteins exhibiting differential abundance between both strains which may therefore contribute to the reduced antibiotic susceptibility of the FupA/B-deleted strain. We also demonstrated that OMVs are key structural elements of LVSΔfupA/B biofilms providing protection against FQ. These results provide a new basis for understanding and tackling antibiotic resistance and/or persistence of Francisella and other pathogenic members of the Thiotrichales class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Siebert
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Helena Lindgren
- c Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Sabrina Ferré
- d Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE , Grenoble , France
| | - Corinne Villers
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,e Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 U2RM , Caen , France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Julien Perard
- f Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, BIG-LCBM , Grenoble , France
| | - Anders Sjöstedt
- c Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Max Maurin
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Céline Brochier-Armanet
- g Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558 , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Yohann Couté
- d Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE , Grenoble , France
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Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative, intracellular bacterium causing the zoonosis tularemia. This highly infectious microorganism is considered a potential biological threat agent. Humans are usually infected through direct contact with the animal reservoir and tick bites. However, tularemia cases also occur after contact with a contaminated hydro-telluric environment. Water-borne tularemia outbreaks and sporadic cases have occurred worldwide in the last decades, with specific clinical and epidemiological traits. These infections represent a major public health and military challenge. Human contaminations have occurred through consumption or use of F. tularensis-contaminated water, and various aquatic activities such as swimming, canyoning and fishing. In addition, in Sweden and Finland, mosquitoes are primary vectors of tularemia due to infection of mosquito larvae in contaminated aquatic environments. The mechanisms of F. tularensis survival in water may include the formation of biofilms, interactions with free-living amoebae, and the transition to a 'viable but nonculturable' state, but the relative contribution of these possible mechanisms remains unknown. Many new aquatic species of Francisella have been characterized in recent years. F. tularensis likely shares with these species an ability of long-term survival in the aquatic environment, which has to be considered in terms of tularemia surveillance and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Hennebique
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Centre National de Référence des Francisella, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
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Chiquet C, Musson C, Aptel F, Boisset S, Maurin M. Genetic and Phenotypic Traits of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Strains Causing Postcataract Endophthalmitis Compared to Commensal Conjunctival Flora. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 191:76-82. [PMID: 29654738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the virulence and antibiotic resistance traits of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains causing acute postcataract endophthalmitis to those isolated from the conjunctiva of uninfected control patients. DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS We isolated an S epidermidis strain from each of the 22 endophthalmitis patients, and from 43 of the 72 controls. Species identification was confirmed using both Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and tuf gene amplification and sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibilities were evaluated using the AST-P631 card and the Vitek II automated system. The S epidermidis strains were tested for the presence of 7 virulence genes (icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, atlE, aap, and capA), the insertion sequence IS256, and the mecA gene. RESULTS The S epidermidis strains from the endophthalmitis patients displayed higher prevalence rates for aap, atlE, and mecA gene carriage compared to those of the control group (77% vs 42%, P = .007; 100% vs 79%, P = .02; and 54% vs 11%, P < .001, respectively). They also harbored the combination of the mecA and icaA genes more frequently compared to the control group (13% vs 2%, P = .01). They were significantly more resistant than control strains to methicillin, fluoroquinolones, and the aminoglycosides. CONCLUSIONS A higher capacity of adhesion to the intraocular lens and formation of biofilms as well as greater resistance to antibiotics were found in S epidermidis strains causing postcataract endophthalmitis. The usefulness of such virulence and antibiotic resistance markers warrants further evaluation for prevention, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of S epidermidis endophthalmitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Chiquet
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; Department of Microbiology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
| | - Cécile Musson
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Florent Aptel
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Department of Microbiology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Department of Microbiology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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Lioliou E, Fechter P, Caldelari I, Jester BC, Dubrac S, Helfer AC, Boisset S, Vandenesch F, Romby P, Geissmann T. Erratum. RNA Biol 2017; 14:1827. [PMID: 29243975 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2016.1184436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Efthimia Lioliou
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Pierre Fechter
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Isabelle Caldelari
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Brian C Jester
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Sarah Dubrac
- b Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris , France
| | - Anne-Catherine Helfer
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- c CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
| | - François Vandenesch
- c CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
| | - Pascale Romby
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg , France
| | - Thomas Geissmann
- c CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
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Maubon D, Girard T, Boisset S, Rey M, Jullien L, Ariba T, Rey JF, Glaizal S, Sophie SD, Maurin M, Cornet M. Implémentation des prélèvements de mycologie sur une chaîne automatisée permettant l’ensemencement, l’incubation et la lecture des cultures : l’expérience grenobloise. J Mycol Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Rasigade JP, Barbier M, Dumitrescu O, Pichat C, Carret G, Ronnaux-Baron AS, Blasquez G, Godin-Benhaim C, Boisset S, Carricajo A, Jacomo V, Fredenucci I, Pérouse de Montclos M, Flandrois JP, Ader F, Supply P, Lina G, Wirth T. Strain-specific estimation of epidemic success provides insights into the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45326. [PMID: 28349973 PMCID: PMC5368603 DOI: 10.1038/srep45326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission dynamics of tuberculosis involves complex interactions of socio-economic and, possibly, microbiological factors. We describe an analytical framework to infer factors of epidemic success based on the joint analysis of epidemiological, clinical and pathogen genetic data. We derive isolate-specific, genetic distance-based estimates of epidemic success, and we represent success-related time-dependent concepts, namely epidemicity and endemicity, by restricting analysis to specific time scales. The method is applied to analyze a surveillance-based cohort of 1,641 tuberculosis patients with minisatellite-based isolate genotypes. Known predictors of isolate endemicity (older age, native status) and epidemicity (younger age, sputum smear positivity) were identified with high confidence (P < 0.001). Long-term epidemic success also correlated with the ability of Euro-American and Beijing MTBC lineages to cause active pulmonary infection, independent of patient age and country of origin. Our results demonstrate how important insights into the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis can be gained from active surveillance data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Rasigade
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Laboratoire Biologie Intégrative des Populations, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, University of Lyon, France.,Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Barbier
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Laboratoire Biologie Intégrative des Populations, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Oana Dumitrescu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, University of Lyon, France.,Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Pichat
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gérard Carret
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525 CNRS-UJF, UFR de Médecine, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Laboratoire des Agents Infectieux et d'Hygiène, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Flandrois
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, University of Lyon, France
| | - Florence Ader
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, University of Lyon, France.,Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philip Supply
- INSERM U1019, CNRS-UMR 8204, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gérard Lina
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, University of Lyon, France.,Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Wirth
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Laboratoire Biologie Intégrative des Populations, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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21
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Hirvonen JJ, Matero P, Siebert C, Kauppila J, Vuento R, Tuokko H, Boisset S. Novel portable platform for molecular detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in faeces: a diagnostic accuracy study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 36:783-789. [PMID: 27988815 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel portable platform for nucleic acid amplification enables rapid detection of diarrhoea causing toxigenic Clostridium difficile directly from faeces, even in resource-limited settings. We evaluated the accuracy and precision of the new commercial molecular test system. METHODS One thousand one hundred and sixty faecal samples from patients suspected of having Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) were analysed using the Orion GenRead C. difficile test system (Orion Diagnostica Oy, Espoo, Finland) and comparative methods in three teaching hospital laboratories in Finland and France. The precision of the Orion GenRead C. difficile test system was evaluated in a reproducibility study with a set of blind-coded samples. The test system is based on a new isothermal amplification technology (Strand Invasion Based Amplification, SIBA®) and detection of the tcdB gene of C. difficile. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and the overall agreement according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. FINDINGS The overall agreement of the Orion GenRead C. difficile test when compared to the comparative methods in routine use in the participating laboratories was between 96.7% and 98.8%. In the reproducibility study; the total percent agreement between three laboratories was 99.8%. INTERPRETATION The identification of toxigenic C. difficile from faeces with the light-weight portable Orion GenRead test system was highly sensitive and specific, and the results were reproducible in the participating laboratories. This platform could enable fast and accurate molecular pathogen detection even in resource-limited or point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Hirvonen
- Fimlab Laboratories, P.O. Box 66, 33101, Tampere, Finland.
| | - P Matero
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - C Siebert
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Grenoble University Hospital Centre, CHU de Grenoble CS 10217, 38 043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - J Kauppila
- NordLab Oulu, Kiviharjuntie 11, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Vuento
- Fimlab Laboratories, P.O. Box 66, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - H Tuokko
- NordLab Oulu, Kiviharjuntie 11, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - S Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Grenoble University Hospital Centre, CHU de Grenoble CS 10217, 38 043, Grenoble Cedex, France
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Mailhac A, Durand H, Boisset S, Maubon D, Berger F, Maurin M, Chiquet C, Bidart M. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for rapid diagnosis of postoperative endophthalmitis. J Proteomics 2016; 152:150-152. [PMID: 27989942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study describes an innovative strategy for rapid detection and identification of bacteria causing endophthalmitis, combining the use of an automated blood culture system with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry methodology. Using this protocol, we could identify 96% of 45 bacterial strains isolated from vitreous samples collected in acute post-operative endophthalmitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane Mailhac
- Department of Ophthalmology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France
| | | | - Sandrine Boisset
- Bacteriological Laboratory, Department of Infectious Agents, Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France
| | - Danièle Maubon
- Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Agents, Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France; TIMC-IMAG-TheREx, UMR 5525 CNRS-UGA, Grenoble Alpes University, France
| | | | - Max Maurin
- Bacteriological Laboratory, Department of Infectious Agents, Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France
| | | | - Marie Bidart
- Braintech Lab, UMR1205, Grenoble Alpes University, France; Clinical Proteomic and Transcriptomic Plateform, Research Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, France; Biochemistry and Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Toxicology and Pharmacology, Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University, France.
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Chiquet C, Aptel F, Musson C, Boisset S, Maurin M. Genetic and phenotypic traits of staphylococcus epidermidis strains causing post-cataract endophthalmitis compared to commensal conjunctival flora. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Andry F, Boisset S, Epaulard O. ENDO-03 - Isolement de staphylocoque doré dans les urines : l’endocardite infectieuse doit être recherchée. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Chiquet C, Boisset S, Pechinot A, Creuzot-Garcher C, Aptel F, Bron AM. Massilia timonae as cause of chronic endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 2016; 41:1778-80. [PMID: 26432138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This is the first report of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Massilia timonae. The gram-negative bacillus was isolated from a patient who developed chronic endophthalmitis after cataract extraction. The microorganism was cultured on brain-heart infusion broth and identified using the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Biochemically, the organism was positive for catalase and oxidase and negative for arginine dihydrolase. It was pansensitive to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but resistant to aztreonam. Massilia timonae is a new bacterium implicated in postoperative chronic endophthalmitis. Eubacterial polymerase chain reaction was useful in identifying M timonae because phenotyping testing and conventional algorithms could not identify it. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Chiquet
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France.
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France
| | - Andre Pechinot
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Creuzot-Garcher
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Aptel
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France
| | - Alain M Bron
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Chiquet, Aptel) and the Department of Microbiology (Boisset), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Université Alpes, Grenoble, and the Department of Microbiology (Pechinot) and Department of Ophthalmology (Creuzot-Garcher, Bron), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon University, Dijon, France
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Dos Santos-Schaller O, Boisset S, Seigneurin A, Epaulard O. Recurrence and death after Clostridium difficile infection: gender-dependant influence of proton pump inhibitor therapy. Springerplus 2016; 5:430. [PMID: 27104118 PMCID: PMC4828342 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
GOALS To determine whether patients with a pre-existing PPI treatment had a higher risk of poor evolution (recurrence or death) when diagnosed with a toxicogenic Clostridium difficile digestive infection. BACKGROUND Previous studies identified pump proton inhibitor (PPI) prescription as a risk factor for C. difficile infection. The influence of PPI on the outcome of C. difficile infection is controversial. STUDY This was a retrospective monocentric cohort study. All cases of patients in our center with a symptomatic infection by a toxicogenic C. difficile strain during the years 2012 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a recurrence or C. difficile infection -related death within 2 months after diagnosis. RESULTS 373 patients were included in this study (198 men and 175 women), with a mean age of 70.1 ± 18.6 years (2-100 years). Fourteen (3.7 %) patients died secondarily to C. difficile infection (median survival time 5 days), and 88 (23.6 %) experienced recurrence (after a median delay of 30 days). One hundred and ninety eight (53.1 %) patients were already receiving PPI at the time of the C. difficile infection (including 156 patients with a prescription >1 month). When analyzing separately men and women, male patients were more likely to experience recurrence or death in case of pre-existing PPI prescription [HR = 2.32 (1.26-4.27)]; this was not observed in female patients [HR = 0.62 (0.31-1.22)]. CONCLUSIONS Pre-existing PPI therapy may increase the risk of recurrence or death in male patients with a toxicogenic C. difficile infection. PPI risk-benefit ratio should be carefully assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Dos Santos-Schaller
- Infectious Disease Unit, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France ; Faculty of Medicine, Grenoble Institute of Clinical, Biological and Epidemiological Infectiology, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Faculty of Medicine, Grenoble Institute of Clinical, Biological and Epidemiological Infectiology, Grenoble, France ; Laboratory of Bacteriology, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Seigneurin
- Quality Science and Medical Evaluation Unit, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France ; Computational and Mathematical Biology, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Epaulard
- Infectious Disease Unit, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France ; Faculty of Medicine, Grenoble Institute of Clinical, Biological and Epidemiological Infectiology, Grenoble, France ; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, CHU de Grenoble, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
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Bailly S, Garnaud C, Cornet M, Pavese P, Hamidfar-Roy R, Foroni L, Boisset S, Timsit JF, Maubon D. Impact of systemic antifungal therapy on the detection of Candida species in blood cultures in clinical cases of candidemia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1023-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Lioliou E, Fechter P, Caldelari I, Jester BC, Dubrac S, Helfer AC, Boisset S, Vandenesch F, Romby P, Geissmann T. Various checkpoints prevent the synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan hydrolase LytM in the stationary growth phase. RNA Biol 2016; 13:427-40. [PMID: 26901414 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2016.1153209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In Staphylococcus aureus, peptidoglycan metabolism plays a role in the host inflammatory response and pathogenesis. Transcription of the peptidoglycan hydrolases is activated by the essential 2-component system WalKR at low cell density. During stationary growth phase, WalKR is not active and transcription of the peptidoglycan hydrolase genes is repressed. In this work, we studied regulation of expression of the glycylglycine endopeptidase LytM. We show that, in addition to the transcriptional regulation mediated by WalKR, the synthesis of LytM is negatively controlled by a unique mechanism at the stationary growth phase. We have identified 2 different mRNAs encoding lytM, which vary in the length of their 5' untranslated (5'UTR) regions. LytM is predominantly produced from the WalKR-regulated mRNA transcript carrying a short 5'UTR. The lytM mRNA is also transcribed as part of a polycistronic operon with the upstream SA0264 gene and is constitutively expressed. Although SA0264 protein can be synthesized from the longer operon transcript, lytM cannot be translated because its ribosome-binding site is sequestered into a translationally inactive secondary structure. In addition, the effector of the agr system, RNAIII, can inhibit translation of lytM present on the operon without altering the transcript level but does not have an effect on the translation of the upstream gene. We propose that this dual regulation of lytM expression, at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, contributes to prevent cell wall damage during the stationary phase of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimia Lioliou
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg , France
| | - Pierre Fechter
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg , France
| | - Isabelle Caldelari
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg , France
| | - Brian C Jester
- b Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Evry-Val-d'Essonne, CNRS FRE3561 , Evry , France
| | - Sarah Dubrac
- c Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur , 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris , France
| | - Anne-Catherine Helfer
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg , France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- d CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
| | - François Vandenesch
- d CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
| | - Pascale Romby
- a Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC , 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg , France
| | - Thomas Geissmann
- d CIRI, Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Inserm U1111 - Université Lyon 1 - Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - CNRS UMR5308 , 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, LYON cedex 07 , France
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Chiquet C, Maurin M, Altayrac J, Aptel F, Boisset S, Vandenesch F, Cornut P, Romanet J, Gain P, Carricajo A. Correlation between clinical data and antibiotic resistance in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species isolated from 68 patients with acute post-cataract endophthalmitis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:592.e1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bouchiat C, Saison J, Boisset S, Flandrois JP, Issartel B, Dauwalder O, Benito Y, Jarraud S, Grando J, Boibieux A, Dumitrescu O, Delahaye F, Farhat F, Thivolet-Bejui F, Frieh JP, Vandenesch F. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: An Underestimated Cause of Bioprosthetic Valve Infective Endocarditis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [PMID: 26213691 PMCID: PMC4511745 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
From 2010 to 2013, 5 cases of nontuberculous mycobacteria infective endocarditis (IE), exclusively from bioprosthesis, were diagnosed in three hospitals out of 370 blood culture-negative-suspected IE. The porcine origin of this underestimated etiology is questioned. Background. Atypical mycobacteria, or nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), have been barely reported as infective endocarditis (IE) agents. Methods. From January 2010 to December 2013, cardiac valve samples sent to our laboratory as cases of blood culture-negative suspected IE were analyzed by 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). When positive for NTM, hsp PCR allowed species identification. Demographic, clinical, echocardiographic, histopathological, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining data were then collected. Results. Over the study period, 6 of 370 cardiac valves (belonging to 5 patients in 3 hospitals) were positive for Mycobacterium chelonae (n = 5) and Mycobacterium lentiflavum (n = 1) exclusively on bioprosthetic material. The 5 patients presented to the hospital for heart failure without fever 7.1–18.9 months (median 13.1 months) after biological prosthetic valve implantation. Echocardiography revealed paravalvular regurgitation due to prosthesis dehiscence in all patients. Histopathological examination of the explanted material revealed inflammatory infiltrates in all specimens, 3 of which were associated with giant cells. Gram staining and conventional cultures remained negative, whereas Ziehl-Neelsen staining showed acid-fast bacilli in all patients. Allergic etiology was ruled out by antiporcine immunoglobulin E dosages. These 5 cases occurred exclusively on porcine bioprosthetic material, revealing a statistically significant association between bioprosthetic valves and NTM IE (P < .001). Conclusions. The body of evidence confirmed the diagnosis of prosthetic IE. The statistically significant association between bioprosthetic valves and NTM IE encourages systematic Ziehl-Neelsen staining of explanted bioprosthetic valves in case of early bioprosthesis dysfunction, even without an obvious sign of IE. In addition, we strongly question the cardiac bioprosthesis conditioning process after animal sacrifice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Bouchiat
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | | | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | - Jean-Pierre Flandrois
- Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive , Université Lyon 1-CNRS UMR 5558 , Bâtiment Mendel, Villeurbanne
| | | | - Olivier Dauwalder
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | - Sophie Jarraud
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | | | | | - Oana Dumitrescu
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Pierre-Bénite
| | - François Delahaye
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron
| | - Fadi Farhat
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron
| | - Françoise Thivolet-Bejui
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
| | - Jean-Philippe Frieh
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque , Clinique du Tonkin , Villeurbanne ; Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque , Infirmerie Protestante , Caluire-et-Cuire , France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Est , Hospices Civils de Lyon , Bron
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Lays C, Romilly C, Tomasini A, Caldelari I, Benito Y, Hammann P, Geissmann T, Boisset S, Romby P, Vandenesch F. L’ARN non codant RsaA favorise la persistance et atténue la virulence de Staphylococcus aureus. Med Sci (Paris) 2014; 30:839-41. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20143010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Saison J, Bouchiat C, Boisset S, Issartel B, Thivolet F, Frieh JP, Vandenesch F. S-04: Endocardites infectieuses à mycobactéries atypiques sur bioprothèse porcine : une étiologie méconnue. Med Mal Infect 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(14)70329-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Boisset S, Caspar Y, Sutera V, Maurin M. New therapeutic approaches for treatment of tularaemia: a review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:40. [PMID: 24734221 PMCID: PMC3975101 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic treatment of tularaemia is based on a few drugs, including the fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin), the tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline), and the aminoglycosides (streptomycin and gentamicin). Because no effective and safe vaccine is currently available, tularaemia prophylaxis following proven exposure to F. tularensis also relies on administration of antibiotics. A number of reasons make it necessary to search for new therapeutic alternatives: the potential toxicity of first-line drugs, especially in children and pregnant women; a high rate of treatment relapses and failures, especially for severe and/or suppurated forms of the disease; and the possible use of antibiotic-resistant strains in the context of a biological threat. This review presents novel therapeutic approaches that have been explored in recent years to improve tularaemia patients' management and prognosis. These new strategies have been evaluated in vitro, in axenic media and cell culture systems and/or in animal models. First, the activities of newly available antibiotic compounds were evaluated against F. tularensis, including tigecycline (a glycylcycline), ketolides (telithromycin and cethromycin), and fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, trovafloxacin and grepafloxacin). The liposome delivery of some antibiotics was evaluated. The effect of antimicrobial peptides against F. tularensis was also considered. Other drugs were evaluated for their ability to suppress the intracellular multiplication of F. tularensis. The effects of the modulation of the innate immune response (especially via TLR receptors) on the course of F. tularensis infection was characterized. Another approach was the administration of specific antibodies to induce passive resistance to F. tularensis infection. All of these studies highlight the need to develop new therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with tularaemia. Many possibilities exist, some unexplored. Moreover, it is likely that new therapeutic alternatives that are effective against this intracellular pathogen could be, at least partially, extrapolated to other human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, CNRS/UJF, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Caspar
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, CNRS/UJF, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Vivien Sutera
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, CNRS/UJF, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, CNRS/UJF, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
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Romilly C, Lays C, Tomasini A, Caldelari I, Benito Y, Hammann P, Geissmann T, Boisset S, Romby P, Vandenesch F. A non-coding RNA promotes bacterial persistence and decreases virulence by regulating a regulator in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003979. [PMID: 24651379 PMCID: PMC3961350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus produces a high number of RNAs for which the functions are poorly understood. Several non-coding RNAs carry a C-rich sequence suggesting that they regulate mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level. We demonstrate that the Sigma B-dependent RsaA RNA represses the synthesis of the global transcriptional regulator MgrA by forming an imperfect duplex with the Shine and Dalgarno sequence and a loop-loop interaction within the coding region of the target mRNA. These two recognition sites are required for translation repression. Consequently, RsaA causes enhanced production of biofilm and a decreased synthesis of capsule formation in several strain backgrounds. These phenotypes led to a decreased protection of S. aureus against opsonophagocytic killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes compared to the mutant strains lacking RsaA. Mice animal models showed that RsaA attenuates the severity of acute systemic infections and enhances chronic catheter infection. RsaA takes part in a regulatory network that contributes to the complex interactions of S. aureus with the host immune system to moderate invasiveness and favour chronic infections. It is the first example of a conserved small RNA in S. aureus functioning as a virulence suppressor of acute infections. Because S. aureus is essentially a human commensal, we propose that RsaA has been positively selected through evolution to support commensalism and saprophytic interactions with the host. Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal and an opportunistic pathogen that causes a large range of community and hospital-acquired infections. The bacteria produce an array of virulence factors, the expression of which is regulated by a set of regulators including proteins and RNAs. In recent years, a large number of small non-coding RNAs encoded by the S. aureus genome have been identified but determination of their function is still lagging behind. This study shows that RsaA, a staphylococcal conserved non-coding RNA, operates at the post-transcriptional level by repressing the translation of the master regulatory protein MgrA. The repression is based on a direct interaction of RsaA with the ribosome binding site of mgrA mRNA. Through MgrA regulation, RsaA activates biofilm formation and inhibits capsule synthesis. Using appropriate animal models, we showed that RsaA acts as a suppressor of virulence because the deletion of its gene increases the invasiveness of S. aureus in the mice sepsis model. RsaA is thus part of complex regulatory network that modify the interactions of S. aureus with the eukaryotic immune system. These findings illustrate how small RNAs can have a major impact in bacterial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Romilly
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Lays
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1111, Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Tomasini
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle Caldelari
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yvonne Benito
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1111, Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Thomas Geissmann
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1111, Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1111, Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pascale Romby
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail: (PR); (FV)
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1111, Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (PR); (FV)
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Sutera V, Caspar Y, Boisset S, Maurin M. A new dye uptake assay to test the activity of antibiotics against intracellular Francisella tularensis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:36. [PMID: 24672776 PMCID: PMC3957058 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is the aetiological agent of tularaemia. Antibiotic treatment of this zoonosis is based on the administration of a fluoroquinolone or a tetracycline for cases with mild to moderate severity, whereas an aminoglycoside (streptomycin or gentamicin) is advocated for severe cases. However, treatment failures and relapses remain frequent, especially in patients suffering from chronic lymph node suppuration. Therefore, new treatment alternatives are needed. We have developed a dye uptake assay for determination of minimal inhibitory extracellular concentrations (MIECs) of antibiotics against intracellular F. tularensis, and validated the method by comparing the results obtained using a CFU-enumerating method. We also compared MIECs with MICs of the same compounds determined using a CLSI broth microdilution method. We tested the activity of 11 antibiotics against two clinical strains of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolated in France. Both strains displayed low MICs (≤1 μg/mL) to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin), gentamicin, doxycycline and rifampicin. Higher MICs (≥8 μg/mL) were found for carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem), daptomycin and linezolid. Erythromycin MICs were 4.0 and 16.0 μg/mL, respectively, for the two clinical strains. MIECs were almost the same with the two methods used. They were concordant with MICs, except for erythromycin and linezolid (respectively, four and eight times more active against intracellular F. tularensis) and gentamicin (four to eight times less active against intracellular F. tularensis). This study validated the dye uptake assay as a new tool for determination of the activity of a large panel of antibiotics against intracellular F. tularensis. This test confirmed the intracellular activity of first-line antibiotics used for tularaemia treatment, but also revealed significant activity of linezolid against intracellular F. tularensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Sutera
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Département des Agents Infectieux, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ; CNRS, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Caspar
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Département des Agents Infectieux, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ; CNRS, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Département des Agents Infectieux, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ; CNRS, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Département des Agents Infectieux, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-Organismes, Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble 1 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ; CNRS, UMR 5163 Grenoble, France
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Caspar Y, Sutera V, Boisset S, Denis JN, Maurin M. Bis-indolic compounds as potential new therapeutic alternatives for tularaemia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:24. [PMID: 24579066 PMCID: PMC3936198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is the etiological agent of tularaemia and a CDC class A biological threat agent. Few antibiotic classes are currently useful in treating tularaemia, including the aminoglycosides gentamicin and streptomycin, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. However, treatment failures and relapses remain frequent and F. tularensis strains resistant to antibiotics have been easily selected in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the activity of new synthetic bis-indole derivatives against this pathogen. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four compounds (dcm01 to dcm04) were determined for the reference strains F. tularensis subsp. holarctica LVS NCTC10857, F. tularensis subsp. novicida CIP56.12 and F. philomiragia ATCC25015, and for 41 clinical strains of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolated in France. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined for the dcm02 and dcm04 compounds for the LVS and two clinical strains. Killing curves were also determined for the same three strains exposed to dcm04. All tested bis-indole compounds were bacteriostatic against F. tularensis subsp. holarctica strains, with a MIC90 of 8 μg/mL for dcm01, dcm02, and dcm03, and 2 μg/mL for dcm04. Only one strain was resistant to both dcm01 and dcm03, with MICs > 32 μg/mL. In contrast, F. tularensis subsp. novicida was resistant to all derivatives and F. philomiragia was only susceptible to dcm02 and dcm04, with MICs of 16 and 4 μg/mL, respectively. MBC and killing curve experiments revealed significant bactericidal activity (i.e., 3-log reduction of the bacterial inoculum) of the dcm02 and dcm04 compounds only for the LVS strain. In conclusion, we have identified novel synthetic bis-indole compounds that are active against F. tularensis subsp. holarctica. They may be drug candidates for the development of new therapeutic alternatives for tularaemia treatment. Their further characterization is needed, especially identification of their bacterial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Caspar
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes, UMR-5163 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France
| | - Vivien Sutera
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes, UMR-5163 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes, UMR-5163 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Noël Denis
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SeRCO), UMR-5250 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes, UMR-5163 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-1 Grenoble, France
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Cornut PL, Boisset S, Romanet JP, Maurin M, Carricajo A, Benito Y, Vandenesch F, Chiquet C. Principles and applications of molecular biology techniques for the microbiological diagnosis of acute post-operative endophthalmitis. Surv Ophthalmol 2013; 59:286-303. [PMID: 24359808 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The systematic microbiological evaluation of endophthalmitis allows the confirmation of the infectious nature of the disease and the possible adaptation of treatment at the individual level and, at the collective level, the epidemiological characterization of the bacterial spectrum of endophthalmitis. Long reserved for research, the use of molecular biology techniques to complement conventional culture techniques has become important for the diagnosis of endophthalmitis in recent years. These new diagnostic techniques are particularly useful for the microbiological study of bacteria that are difficult or impossible to grow because of their intrinsic properties, their presence in only a small inoculum, their sequestration on prosthetic materials, or their inactivation by prior antibiotic treatment. These techniques are based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which allows the amplification and detection of extracted bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is initially present in minute quantities in an ocular sample. In practice, these conventional or real-time PCRs allow either the a priori detection of bacterial DNA (universal PCR) or the identification of a specific DNA fragment of a bacterial genus or species (specific PCR). New techniques of PCR will allow more rapid bacterial identification and also characterization of genotypic properties, such as genes of virulence or antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Loïc Cornut
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon I, Lyon, France.
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Department of Microbiology, CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; Department of Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre, National de référence des Staphylocoques, and INSERM, U851, Bron, France
| | - Jean-Paul Romanet
- Department of Ophthalmology, CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Max Maurin
- Department of Microbiology, CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Department of Microbiology, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Université de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Department of Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre, National de référence des Staphylocoques, and INSERM, U851, Bron, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Department of Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre, National de référence des Staphylocoques, and INSERM, U851, Bron, France
| | - Christophe Chiquet
- Department of Ophthalmology, CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Brillat-Zaratzian E, Bron A, Aptel F, Romanet JP, Cornut PL, Vandenesch F, Boisset S, Maurin M, Chiquet C. FRIENDS Group: clinical and microbiological characteristics of post-filtering surgery endophthalmitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013; 252:101-7. [PMID: 24248809 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the clinical and microbiological characteristics as well as the prognostic factors for post-filtering surgery endophthalmitis. METHODS Twenty-three eyes were included in the study in four tertiary centres between 2004 and 2010. The clinical and microbiological data were collected prospectively (minimum follow-up, 6 months). Microbiological diagnosis was based on conventional cultures and panbacterial PCR (16SrDNA amplification and sequencing). RESULTS The onset of endophthalmitis was early (<6 weeks) in 22 % of the cases and delayed in 78 %. Elevated intraocular pressure and hypopyon were more frequent in delayed than in early presentations (p = 0.04). By combining the results of culture and panbacterial PCR, a bacterial species could be identified in 73.9 % of the cases, including 56.5 % of commensal species of the digestive tract such as Moraxella spp., oropharyngeal streptococci and Enterococcus faecalis. Good final visual acuity (VA ≥ 20/40) was correlated with initial VA greater than light perception (p = 0.05). Poor final VA (≤20/400) was correlated with a higher virulence of the infecting bacterial species (p = 0.006), and was noted in all patients with early-onset endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION Acute early- or delayed-onset post-filtering surgery endophthalmitis is frequently caused by bacteria of the digestive tract (e.g., Streptococcus and Enterococcus spp.). The combination of conventional cultures and panbacterial PCR allowed us to identify the causative microorganism in three-quarters of the cases, i.e., 21 % more cases than through culture alone. Despite adequate antibiotic and surgical treatment, the anatomical and visual prognosis remains poor.
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Chroboczek T, Boisset S, Rasigade JP, Tristan A, Bes M, Meugnier H, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Laurent F. Clonal complex 398 methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: a frequent unspecialized human pathogen with specific phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68462. [PMID: 24260092 PMCID: PMC3829818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal complex 398 livestok-associated-MRSA (CC398 LA-MRSA) clone is described as a major animal pathogen that can also colonize and infect humans. CC398 methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (CC398 MSSA) is less described. We identified 126 CC398 MSSA strains of human origin within 6380 S. aureus isolates gathered between 2009 and 2011, from the French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci. They were characterized using antimicrobial susceptibility testing, spa typing, DNA microarrays (Identibac S. aureus Genotyping ®, Alere), CC398-specific sequence PCR, ermT (encoding macrolides résistance) PCR. Fifty-three CC398 LA-MRSA collected from French pigs and veal were used as comparators, and phylogenetic relations between human CC398 MSSA and animal CC398 MRSA populations were explored on the basis of spa-typing and DNA microarrays. CC398 MSSA were able to induce a large spectrum of infections (especially skin, bloodstream, and pneumonias). The prevalence rate of this clone was high in MSSA population, i.e., 24.7% in a local prospective study on nasal colonization, and 7.5% in a national prospective study on infective endocarditis. CC398 MSSA isolates were frequently (89%) erythromycin resistant, due to the presence of the ermT gene, a gene not detected in erythromycin resistant CC398 LA-MRSA strains. Expression of staphylococcal complement inhibitor (scn) and the chemotaxis inhibitory protein (chp), was also specific to this population. The CC398 MRSA signature included also a panel of antibiotic resistance genes, especially a type IV or V cassette mec and tetM. CC398 MSSA and CC398 LA-MRSA populations were closely related based on spa-typing and DNA microarrays, with the MRSA strains forming the most derived lineage in phylogenic trees. Both MSSA and MRSA populations may come from common ancestors, which would have evolved in the settings of different selective pressures, explaining the acquisition of ermT, chp and scn for MSSA, and antibiotic resistance genes for MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Chroboczek
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Réanimation médicale - Pavillon N, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie - Département des Agents Infectieux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Unité Mixte de Recherche 5163, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rasigade
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Tristan
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Michele Bes
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Helene Meugnier
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Jerome Etienne
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Frederic Laurent
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon – Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
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Chroboczek T, Boisset S, Rasigade JP, Meugnier H, Akpaka PE, Nicholson A, Nicolas M, Olive C, Bes M, Vandenesch F, Laurent F, Etienne J, Tristan A. Major West Indies MRSA clones in human beings: do they travel with their hosts? J Travel Med 2013; 20:283-8. [PMID: 23992570 DOI: 10.1111/jtm.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Descriptions of the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have seldom been produced in the Caribbean, which is a major tourism destination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using DNA microarrays and spa typing, we characterized 85 MRSA isolates from human skin and soft-tissue infections from five different islands. RESULTS In the French West Indies (n = 72), the most frequently isolated clones were the same clones that are specifically isolated from mainland France [Lyon (n = 35) and Geraldine (n = 11) clones], whereas the clones that were most frequently isolated from the other islands (n = 13) corresponded with clones that have a worldwide endemic spread [Vienna/Hungarian/Brazilian (n = 5), Panton Valentine leukocidin-positive USA300 (n = 4), New York/Japan (n = 2), and pediatric (n = 1) clones]. CONCLUSION The distribution of the major MRSA clones in the French (Guadeloupe and Martinique) and non-French West Indies (Jamaica, Trinidad, and Tobago) is different, and the clones most closely resemble those found in the home countries of the travelers who visit the islands most frequently. The distribution might be affected by tourist migration, which is specific to each island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Chroboczek
- French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; INSERM U851, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
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Abstract
A pregnant woman who had oropharyngeal tularemia underwent treatment with azithromycin and lymph node resection and recovered without obstetrical complication or infection in the child. Azithromycin represents a first-line treatment option for tularemia during pregnancy in regions where the infecting strains of Francisella tularensis have no natural resistance to macrolides.
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Gagnaire J, Dauwalder O, Boisset S, Khau D, Freydière AM, Ader F, Bes M, Lina G, Tristan A, Reverdy ME, Marchand A, Geissmann T, Benito Y, Durand G, Charrier JP, Etienne J, Welker M, Van Belkum A, Vandenesch F. Detection of Staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin production by whole-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40660. [PMID: 22792394 PMCID: PMC3391297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to detect the Staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin using Whole-Cell (WC) Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS), correlate delta-toxin expression with accessory gene regulator (agr) status, and assess the prevalence of agr deficiency in clinical isolates with and without resistance to methicillin and glycopeptides. The position of the delta-toxin peak in the mass spectrum was identified using purified delta-toxin and isogenic wild type and mutant strains for agr-rnaIII, which encodes delta-toxin. Correlation between delta-toxin production and agr RNAIII expression was assessed by northern blotting. A series of 168 consecutive clinical isolates and 23 unrelated glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus strains (GISA/heterogeneous GISA) were then tested by WC-MALDI-TOF MS. The delta-toxin peak was detected at 3005±5 Thomson, as expected for the naturally formylated delta toxin, or at 3035±5 Thomson for its G10S variant. Multivariate analysis showed that chronicity of S. aureus infection and glycopeptide resistance were significantly associated with delta-toxin deficiency (p = 0.048; CI 95%: 1.01-10.24; p = 0.023; CI 95%: 1.20-12.76, respectively). In conclusion, the S. aureus delta-toxin was identified in the WC-MALDI-TOF MS spectrum generated during routine identification procedures. Consequently, agr status can potentially predict infectious complications and rationalise application of novel virulence factor-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gagnaire
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - Olivier Dauwalder
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - David Khau
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - Anne-Marie Freydière
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - Florence Ader
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Lyon, France
| | - Michèle Bes
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Gerard Lina
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Tristan
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Reverdy
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - Adrienne Marchand
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Microbiologie de l’Eau - UMR 6008 CNRS, IBMIG - UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Thomas Geissmann
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Géraldine Durand
- bioMérieux S.A, Microbiology Research & Development unit, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Charrier
- bioMérieux S.A, Technology Research Department, Technology platform, Marcy L’Etoile France
| | - Jerome Etienne
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
| | - Martin Welker
- bioMérieux S.A, Microbiology Research & Development unit, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Alex Van Belkum
- bioMérieux S.A, Microbiology Research & Development unit, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France
- INSERM U851, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Innate Immunity laboratory, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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Haenni M, Châtre P, Boisset S, Carricajo A, Bes M, Laurent F, Madec JY. Staphylococcal nasal carriage in calves: multiresistant Staphylococcus sciuri and immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 66:1927-8. [PMID: 21609981 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Dumitrescu O, Dauwalder O, Boisset S, Reverdy MÉ, Tristan A, Vandenesch F. [Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics: key points in 2010]. Med Sci (Paris) 2011; 26:943-9. [PMID: 21106176 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20102611943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus has a strong adaptive capacity and thus acquired various types of resistance to antistaphylococcal agents. More than 90% of isolates produce a penicillinase. Oxacillin remains active against these strains, but hospital associated staphylococci and more recently community acquired staphylococci have developed crossed resistance between methicillin (MRSA), oxacillin and other beta-lactams by production of a penicillin binding protein (PBP) with low affinity for beta-lactams, PBP2a. The gene encoding PBP2a, mecA is carried by a chromosomal element which also contains other resistance genes to heavy metals and other antibiotics thus explaining the multiresistant profile of hospital associated MRSA. By contrast, community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) are only resistant to kanamycin, fusidic acid and tetracycline, in addition to methicillin. This profile is specific of the European CA-MRSA ST80 clone which also encodes for a very particular virulence factor, the Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Glycopeptides, vancomycin and teicoplanin, are alternatives to oxacillin in case of resistance or intolerance. Strains with decreased susceptibility to glycopeptides have been reported. Their detection is difficult but necessary because vancomycin MIC creep seems linked to poor outcome in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Dumitrescu
- Centre national de référence des staphylocoques, INSERM U851, IFR128, Université Lyon 1, rue Guillaume Paradin, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Riegel P, Jesel-Morel L, Laventie B, Boisset S, Vandenesch F, Prévost G. Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from animals causing human endocarditis. Int J Med Microbiol 2010; 301:237-9. [PMID: 21075051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of infection with coagulase-positive Staphylococcus pseudintermedius related to the implantation of a cardioverter-defribrillator device. This species is usually isolated from infected animals, and contact with a dog was the probable source of infection in this patient. This isolate produced a leukotoxin effective against human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Riegel
- EA-4438, Physiopathologie et Médecine Translationnelle, Université Louis Pasteur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
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Vandenesch F, Couzon F, Boisset S, Benito Y, Brown EL, Lina G, Etienne J, Bowden MG. The Panton-Valentine leukocidin is a virulence factor in a murine model of necrotizing pneumonia. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:967-9; author reply 969-70. [PMID: 20170367 DOI: 10.1086/651026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Chevalier C, Boisset S, Romilly C, Masquida B, Fechter P, Geissmann T, Vandenesch F, Romby P. Staphylococcus aureus RNAIII binds to two distant regions of coa mRNA to arrest translation and promote mRNA degradation. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000809. [PMID: 20300607 PMCID: PMC2837412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus RNAIII is the intracellular effector of the quorum sensing system that temporally controls a large number of virulence factors including exoproteins and cell-wall-associated proteins. Staphylocoagulase is one major virulence factor, which promotes clotting of human plasma. Like the major cell surface protein A, the expression of staphylocoagulase is strongly repressed by the quorum sensing system at the post-exponential growth phase. Here we used a combination of approaches in vivo and in vitro to analyze the mechanism used by RNAIII to regulate the expression of staphylocoagulase. Our data show that RNAIII represses the synthesis of the protein through a direct binding with the mRNA. Structure mapping shows that two distant regions of RNAIII interact with coa mRNA and that the mRNA harbors a conserved signature as found in other RNAIII-target mRNAs. The resulting complex is composed of an imperfect duplex masking the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of coa mRNA and of a loop-loop interaction occurring downstream in the coding region. The imperfect duplex is sufficient to prevent the formation of the ribosomal initiation complex and to repress the expression of a reporter gene in vivo. In addition, the double-strand-specific endoribonuclease III cleaves the two regions of the mRNA bound to RNAIII that may contribute to the degradation of the repressed mRNA. This study validates another direct target of RNAIII that plays a role in virulence. It also illustrates the diversity of RNAIII-mRNA topologies and how these multiple RNAIII-mRNA interactions would mediate virulence regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chevalier
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- INSERM U851, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cédric Romilly
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoit Masquida
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Fechter
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Geissmann
- INSERM U851, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- INSERM U851, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (FV); (PR)
| | - Pascale Romby
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail: (FV); (PR)
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Geissmann T, Chevalier C, Cros MJ, Boisset S, Fechter P, Noirot C, Schrenzel J, François P, Vandenesch F, Gaspin C, Romby P. A search for small noncoding RNAs in Staphylococcus aureus reveals a conserved sequence motif for regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 37:7239-57. [PMID: 19786493 PMCID: PMC2790875 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatic analysis of the intergenic regions of Staphylococcus aureus predicted multiple regulatory regions. From this analysis, we characterized 11 novel noncoding RNAs (RsaA-K) that are expressed in several S. aureus strains under different experimental conditions. Many of them accumulate in the late-exponential phase of growth. All ncRNAs are stable and their expression is Hfq-independent. The transcription of several of them is regulated by the alternative sigma B factor (RsaA, D and F) while the expression of RsaE is agrA-dependent. Six of these ncRNAs are specific to S. aureus, four are conserved in other Staphylococci, and RsaE is also present in Bacillaceae. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis indicated that RsaE regulates the synthesis of proteins involved in various metabolic pathways. Phylogenetic analysis combined with RNA structure probing, searches for RsaE-mRNA base pairing, and toeprinting assays indicate that a conserved and unpaired UCCC sequence motif of RsaE binds to target mRNAs and prevents the formation of the ribosomal initiation complex. This study unexpectedly shows that most of the novel ncRNAs carry the conserved C-rich motif, suggesting that they are members of a class of ncRNAs that target mRNAs by a shared mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Geissmann
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
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Tristan A, Benito Y, Montserret R, Boisset S, Dusserre E, Penin F, Ruggiero F, Etienne J, Lortat-Jacob H, Lina G, Bowden MG, Vandenesch F. The signal peptide of Staphylococcus aureus panton valentine leukocidin LukS component mediates increased adhesion to heparan sulfates. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5042. [PMID: 19347045 PMCID: PMC2661369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia is a severe disease caused by S. aureus strains carrying the Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes (lukS-PV & lukF-PV) encoded on various bacteriophages (such as phiSLT). Clinical PVL+ strains isolated from necrotizing pneumonia display an increased attachment to matrix molecules (type I and IV collagens and laminin), a phenotype that could play a role in bacterial adhesion to damaged airway epithelium during the early stages of necrotizing pneumonia (J Infect Dis 2004; 190: 1506–15). To investigate the basis of the observed adhesion of S. aureus PVL+ strains, we compared the ability of PVL+ and their isogenic PVL− strains to attach to various immobilized matrix molecules. The expression of recombinant fragments of the PVL subunits and the addition of synthetic peptides indicated that the processed LukS-PV signal peptide (LukS-PV SP) was sufficient to significantly enhance the ability of S. aureus to attach to extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Furthermore, we showed that adhesion to ECM components was inhibited by heparin and heparan sulfates (HS) suggesting that in vivo, HS could function as a molecular bridge between the matrix and S. aureus expressing the LukS-PV signal peptide. Site directed mutagenesis, biochemical and structural analyses of the LukS-PV signal peptide indicate that this peptide is present at the S. aureus surface, binds to HS in solid phase assay, and mediates the enhanced S. aureus matrix component adhesion. Our data suggests that after its cleavage by signal peptidase, the signal peptide is released from the membrane and associates to the cell wall through its unique C-terminus sequence, while its highly positively charged N-terminus is exposed on the bacterial surface, allowing its interaction with extracellular matrix-associated HS. This mechanism may provide a molecular bridge that enhances the attachment of the S. aureus PVL+ strains to ECM components exposed at damaged epithelial sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Tristan
- Université Lyon 1, Faculté Laennec, Lyon, France.
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Ducroux E, Debarbieux S, Boibieux A, Boisset S, Roure C, Dalle S, Balme B, Thomas L. Follicular borreliosis: an atypical presentation of erythema chronicum migrans. Dermatology 2009; 219:84-5. [PMID: 19279383 DOI: 10.1159/000209229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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