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Mahapatra S, Hebbale M, Mhapuskar A, Halli R, Jadhav S. The efficacy of Punica granatum extract gel in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus in an Indian population: A clinical study. Indian J Pharmacol 2024; 56:84-90. [PMID: 38687311 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_107_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The autoimmune disorder, oral lichen planus (OLP), primarily affects oral mucous membranes. Current drug treatments are only palliative and have serious side effects. Pomegranate has been used as a potential herbal remedy for the treatment of OLP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of a sample size of 30 individuals who were diagnosed with symptomatic OLP based on both clinical and histological evidence and were equally assigned to Group A (4% topical Punica granatum seed extract gel, which has been customized for this particular study purpose only) and Group B (0.1% topical steroid). All patients were evaluated for the outcome criteria of pain, burning sensation, and lesion size. RESULTS In the present study, results were highly statistically significant (P = 0.001) in intragroup observation for both Group A and Group B from baseline to the end of 30 days of follow-up for all three parameters. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for each week of follow-up. CONCLUSION P. granatum has been used in very few studies, but this is one of the few where a gel made from P. granatum seed extract is used as an oral gel. In conclusion, it can be said that topical P. granatum extract gel is as good as topical corticosteroids at getting rid of the signs and symptoms of OLP, so it can be used as an alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subharina Mahapatra
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manjula Hebbale
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Mhapuskar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajshekhar Halli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Dey S, Anne S, Rath S, Nandhana R, Gulia S, Menon S, Rekhi B, Tandon S, Sable N, Baheti A, Popat P, Lavanya G. N, Jadhav S, Chopra S, Shylasree T, Deodhar K, Maheshwari A, Ghosh J, Gupta S. 67P Survival and reproductive outcomes of patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors, a retrospective analysis from a tertiary care center in India. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Chadha M, Prabhakaran AO, Choudhary ML, Biswas D, Koul P, Kaveri K, Dar L, Mamta CS, Jadhav S, Bhardwaj SD, Laserson K, Saha S, Potdar V. Multisite surveillance for influenza and other respiratory viruses in India: 2016-2018. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0001001. [PMID: 36962617 PMCID: PMC10022084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is limited surveillance and laboratory capacity for non-influenza respiratory viruses in India. We leveraged the influenza sentinel surveillance of India to detect other respiratory viruses among patients with acute respiratory infection. Six centers representing different geographic areas of India weekly enrolled a convenience sample of 5-10 patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) between September 2016-December 2018. Staff collected nasal and throat specimens in viral transport medium and tested for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), human meta-pneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (AdV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis of influenza and RSV was done. We enrolled 16,338 including 8,947 ARI and 7,391 SARI cases during the study period. Median age was 14.6 years (IQR:4-32) in ARI cases and 13 years (IQR:1.3-55) in SARI cases. We detected respiratory viruses in 33.3% (2,981) of ARI and 33.4% (2,468) of SARI cases. Multiple viruses were co-detected in 2.8% (458/16,338) specimens. Among ARI cases influenza (15.4%) were the most frequently detected viruses followed by HRV (6.2%), RSV (5%), HMPV (3.4%), PIV (3.3%) and AdV (3.1%),. Similarly among SARI cases, influenza (12.7%) were most frequently detected followed by RSV (8.2%), HRV (6.1%), PIV (4%), HMPV (2.6%) and AdV (2.1%). Our study demonstrated the feasibility of expanding influenza surveillance systems for surveillance of other respiratory viruses in India. Influenza was the most detected virus among ARI and SARI cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Chadha
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Dipankar Biswas
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Parvaiz Koul
- Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - K. Kaveri
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Lalit Dar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chawla Sarkar Mamta
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Sumit Dutt Bhardwaj
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Kayla Laserson
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (India Office), New Delhi, India
| | - Siddhartha Saha
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (India Office), New Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Potdar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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Marimuthu V, Khamitkar Shankar Rao S, Jadhav S, Nayak MH, Alur N. Management of Iatrogenic External Iliac Artery Perforation With a Self-Made Covered Stent. Cureus 2022; 14:e28460. [PMID: 36176840 PMCID: PMC9511436 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage (RPH) following transfemoral arterial access is a dreaded complication needing immediate management. A 70-year-old female with inferior wall myocardial infarction developed hemodynamic instability following transfemoral percutaneous coronary intervention. The evaluation revealed an RPH due to an iatrogenic guidewire-related perforation of the external iliac artery. This was successfully managed with the deployment of a custom, a self-made covered stent. In this report, we describe our method of creating and deploying this self-made stent and discuss potential issues compared to commercially available covered stent systems.
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Mate V, Smolek T, Kazmerova ZV, Jadhav S, Brezovakova V, Jurkanin B, Uhrinova I, Basheer N, Zilka N, Katina S, Novak P. Enriched environment ameliorates propagation of tau pathology and improves cognition in rat model of tauopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:935973. [PMID: 35966785 PMCID: PMC9363241 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.935973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The typical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are cognitive impairment, disrupted spatial orientation, behavioral and psychiatric abnormalities, and later motor deficits. Neuropathologically, AD is characterized by deposits of pathological forms of endogenous proteins – amyloid-β, and neurofibrillary tau protein pathology. The latter closely correlates with brain atrophy and clinical impairment. Pharmacological therapies for these pathologies are largely absent, raising the question whether non-pharmacological interventions could be efficacious. Environmental factors can play a role in the manifestation of AD. It is unknown whether enriched environment (EE) can ameliorate the propagation of protein aggregates or their toxic components. Methods We injected insoluble tau extracts from human brains with AD (600 or 900 ng per animal) into hippocampi of SHR72 transgenic rats that express non-mutated truncated human tau 151-391/4R, but usually do not develop hippocampal tangles. The rats had either standard housing, or could access an EE 5×/week for 3 months. Behavioral analysis included the Morris Water Maze (MWM). Histological analysis was used to assess the propagation of tau pathology. Results Animals exposed to EE performed better in the MWM (spatial acquisition duration and total distance, probe test); unexposed animals improved over the course of acquisition trials, but their mean performance remained below that of the EE group. Enriched environment abrogated tau propagation and hippocampal tangle formation in the 600 ng group; in the 900 ng group, tangle formation was ∼10-fold of the 600 ng group, and unaffected by EE. Conclusion Even a small difference in the amount of injected human AD tau can cause a pronounced difference in the number of resulting tangles. EE leads to a noticeably better spatial navigation performance of tau-injected animals. Furthermore, EE seems to be able to slow down tau pathology progression, indicating the possible utility of similar interventions in early stages of AD where tangle loads are still low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Mate
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Neuroimunology Institute, n.p.o., Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Vince Kazmerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Ivana Uhrinova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Neha Basheer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Katina
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Axon Neuroscience CRM Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Axon Neuroscience CRM Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Petr Novak,
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Potdar V, Brijwal M, Lodha R, Yadav P, Jadhav S, Choudhary ML, Choudhary A, Vipat V, Gupta N, Deorari AK, Dar L, Abraham P. Identification of Human Case of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Infection, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1269-1273. [PMID: 35608874 PMCID: PMC9155886 DOI: 10.3201/eid2806.212246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A 11-year-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia was brought for treatment of severe acute respiratory infection in the National Capital Region, New Delhi, India. Avian influenza A(H5N1) infection was laboratory confirmed. Complete genome analysis indicated hemagglutinin gene clade 2.3.2.1a. We found the strain to be susceptible to amantadine and neuraminidase inhibitors.
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Brezovakova V, Sykova E, Jadhav S. Astrocytes Derived from Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease iPSCs Show Altered Calcium Signaling and Respond Differently to Misfolded Protein Tau. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091429. [PMID: 35563735 PMCID: PMC9101114 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes regulate important functions in the brain, and their dysregulation has been linked to the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The role of astroglia in human AD remains enigmatic, owing to the limitations of animal models, which, while recreating some pathological aspects of the disease, do not fully mirror its course. In addition, the recognition of major structural and functional differences between human and mouse astrocytes has also prompted research into human glial cells. In the current study, astrocytes were generated using human iPSCs from patients with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (sAD), familial Alzheimer’s disease (fAD) and non-demented controls (NDC). All clones gained astrocyte-specific morphological and proteomic characteristics upon in vitro differentiation, without considerable inter-clonal variances. In comparison to NDC, AD astrocytes displayed aberrant calcium dynamics in response to glutamate. When exposed to monomeric and aggregated tau, AD astrocytes demonstrated hypertrophy and elevated GFAP expression, differential expression of select signaling and receptor proteins, and the enhanced production of metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, astrocytic secretomes were able to degrade tau in both monomeric and pathologically aggregated forms, which was mediated by MMP-2 and -9. The capacity to neutralize tau varied considerably between clones, with fAD astrocytes having the lowest degradability relative to sAD and healthy astrocytes. Importantly, when compared to aggregated tau alone, astrocytic secretome pretreatment of tau differentially reduced its detrimental effects on neurons. Our results show crucial differences in sporadic and familial AD astrocytes and suggests that these cells may play distinctive roles in the pathogenesis of early and late onset Alzheimer’s disease.
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Csicsatkova N, Szalay P, Matyasova K, Mate V, Cente M, Smolek T, Brezovakova V, Kawecka L, Zilka N, Jadhav S. Transcriptomic signature of Alzheimer's disease tau seed-induced pathology. Gen Physiol Biophys 2021; 40:541-549. [PMID: 34897025 DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2021022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spreading of tau pathology to anatomical distinct regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with progression of the disease. Studies in recent decade have strived to understand the processes involved in this characteristic spread. We recently showed that AD-derived insoluble tau seeds are able to initiate neurofibrillary pathology in transgenic rodent model of tauopathy. In the present study, we pursued to identify the molecular changes that govern the induction and propagation of tau pathology on the transcriptomic level. We first show that microglia in vicinity to AD-Tau-induced pathology has phagocytic morphology when compared to PBS-injected group. On transcriptomic level, we observed deregulation of 15 genes 3-month post AD-Tau seeds inoculation. Integrated bioinformatic analysis identified 31 significantly enriched pathways. Amongst these, the inflammatory signalling pathway mediated by cytokine and chemokine networks, along with, toll-like receptor and JAK-STAT signalling were the most dominant. Furthermore, the enriched signalling also involved the regulation of autophagy, mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. To our best of knowledge, the study is the first to investigate the transcriptomic profile of AD-Tau seed-induced pathology in hippocampus of transgenic model of tauopathy.
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Abstract
Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic, initiated in Wuhan, China, had devastating effects on the dental industry world-wide. The mode of transmission of SARS Cov-2, causative agent of Covid-19, was through aerosol and saliva contamination putting dentists at high risk of contracting Covid-19. The measures taken to contain the spread of virus had financial repercussion on the dental industry. The survey was conducted to understand the mental health of dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic.
Aim: To analyse the concerns and anxiety faced by dental surgeons regarding vaccination and the psychological and socio-economic impact Covid-19 pandemic had on dental setups.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months. A sample size of 300 dentists belonging to age group of 25years to 45years was analysed. The dentists included in the sample practiced in Maharashtra, India. A questionnaire was formulated in Google forms and circulated through social media platform. The result was analysed and demonstrated in pie-charts.
Results: The survey analysed that majority of dentists were apprehensive to carry out dental procedures. Along with the risk of contracting and being a source of transmission of Covid-19, dentists had huge financial burden of clinic rents, EMI loan pending bills, the cost of preventive kits and reduced patient flow.
Conclusion: The survey was successful in analysing the monetary and safety concerns faced by dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic. The survey also pointed out the mental stress dentists had to overcome to practice dental procedures.
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Joshi S, Tilak MA, Jadhav S. SIGNIFICANCE OF DETECTION OF FREE/TOTAL PSA RATIO AND OTHER BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH BPH, CARCINOMA PROSTATE AND ITS CLINICOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATION. IJMMR 2021. [DOI: 10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2021.1.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can raise prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels two to three times higher than the normal level. An increased PSA level does not indicate Prostate Cancer (PCa), but the higher the PSA level, the higher the chance of having PCa. Detection and treatment have been profoundly affected by the advent of Free/Total PSA ratio testing.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to estimate free, total PSA levels and its ratio for serum levels of calcium, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in patients with BPH and PCa; to correlate clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings in the above patients.
Methods. PSA levels were detected by Chemiluminescent assay; serum calcium – by Modified Arsenazo method; serum acid phosphatase – by Doumas et al method; and Alkaline phosphatase – by Lowry et al method.
Results. Present study found high levels of total PSA in BPH and PCa. Levels of free PSA were high in BPH as compared to PCa rate. Free/Total PSA ratio is reduced considerably in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably higher in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum calcium levels did not show significant difference in control and study groups.
Conclusions. It was established that patients with PCa have a greater fraction of bound PSA and a lower percentage of free PSA than in those without PCa. Therefore, in clinical practice Free/Total PSA ratio helps clinicians to decide if a biopsy is necessary.
Objectives: The study was carried out with the following objectives: to estimate free, total PSA levels and calculate Free/Total PSA ratio in patients with BPH and Carcinoma Prostate, to study the serum levels of calcium, acid phosphates, and alkaline phosphatase in patients with BPH and PCa. and to correlate clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings in the above patients.
Methods. Free and total PSA levels were detected by Chemiluminescent assay; Serum Calcium was detected by Modified Arsenazo method. Serum acid phosphatase was detected by Doumas et al method and Alkaline phosphatase were detected by Lowry et al method
Results: Present study found high levels of Total PSA in BPH and PCa. Levels of free PSA were high in BPH as compared to PCa ate. Free /Total PSA ratio is reduced considerably in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were slightly raised in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum calcium levels did not show a significant difference in control and study groups.
Conclusion: We concluded that patients with PCa have a greater fraction of bound PSA and a lower percentage of free PSA than in men without PCa. There was a negative correlation found between the free/total PSA ratio and the histopathologic findings. The lower the ratio higher is the grade of malignancy. Therefore in clinical practice Free/Total PSA ratio helps clinicians to decide if a biopsy is necessary
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Abstract
Plant-derived phytoconstituents are well known for their therapeutic potential. It has been experimentally demonstrated that whole-plant extract or isolated phytoconstituents reveal various therapeutic potentials like hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, antitumor, antioxidant, skin protectives, etc. Although these phytoconstituents have potential therapeutic benefits, their use is limited due to their poor bioavailability, stability in biological fluids, and authentication issues. These continue to be an open problem that affects the application of these valuable ancient herbal herbs in the effective treatment and management of various disease conditions. A potential solution to these difficult problems could be the loading of phytoactives in phospholipid-based vesicular systems. Phospholipid-based vesicles like liposomes, phytosomes, ethosomes as well as transfersomes were effectively utilized recently to solve drawbacks and for effective delivery of phytoactives. Several landmark studies observed better therapeutic efficacy of phytoactive loaded vesicles compared to conventional drug delivery. Thus phospholipid-based vesicles mediated phytoactive delivery is a recently developed promising and attractive strategy for better therapeutic control on disease conditions. The present short review highlights recent advances in herbal bioactive loaded phospholipid-based vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
| | - Vipul Sansare
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Santosh Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVPM'S College of Pharmacy, Malegaon, India
| | - Prashant Gurav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indira Institute of Pharmacy, Sadavali, India
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Tan JH, Teoh TK, Ivanova J, Jadhav S, Varcoe R, Baig K, Gunarathne A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) service: a United Kingdom tertiary centre experience. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Untreated, symptomatic, severe aortic stenosis carries significant mortality and morbidity. Timely intervention is pivotal to ensure patient safety. The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges to the UK's National Health Service (NHS), resulting in the deferral of all elective work, including TAVI services from March 2020.
Purpose
To evaluate clinical outcomes and time delays in patients undergoing TAVI during the pandemic period compared to an age and risk factor-matched cohort of patients prior to COVID-19. We hypothesized that there were significant time delays, more emergency procedures and related adverse outcomes in patients who underwent TAVI during the pandemic period.
Methods
We analysed prospectively collected data (patient characteristics, procedural details, complications and in-hospital outcomes) of 210 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI between March 2019 and February 2021 in a tertiary centre in the UK (The centre serves for a population of 2.5 million and provided in-patient treatment for 5590 COVID-positive patients over a 12 month period). We compared time-lags from an initial referral to outpatient review, CT aortograms, valve implantation and 30-day mortality between patients who underwent TAVI between March 2019 and Feburary 2020 (N=134) and those who underwent TAVI between March 2020 and February 2021 (COVID Group=76).
Results
The mean age of the cohort was 81.4±6.6 years and majority were females (51%) and were in moderate risk category (EuroSCORE II=4.55±5.5). Of the total cohort, 4 (5.3%) patients acquired COVID-19 pneumonia during the hospital stay. The age, cardiovascular comorbidities and risk scores were comparable between the control group and the COVID cohort. (Table 1). There were no significant differences in procedural complications in the control group compared to the COVID-19 group (Table 1). The median waiting time from referral to TAVI clinic was significantly shorter in the COVID-19 group (33 (8–66) vs. 51 (17–89) days (P=0.04)) and there was no significant difference in time delays for CT aortogram, MDT or TAVI procedure between the two groups. The median length of stay (2 (2–4) vs 2.5 (2–9) days) and 30 day mortality (1.4% vs 5.3%) was comparable between the two groups (Table 1).
Conclusion
Contrary to our hypothesis, our analysis demonstrated that there were no significant time delays, excess complications or mortality in TAVI procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic period despite the excess burden imposed on our local health services. More importantly, very few TAVI patients acquired COVID-19 infection during in-hospital stay. This is likely due to prompt identification of innovative ways of re-configuring an existing local patient pathway, by the TAVI team, to deliver safe and uninterrupted TAVI services during this unprecedented pandemic setting.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1. Referral times
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Tan
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - T K Teoh
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - J Ivanova
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Jadhav
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Varcoe
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Baig
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Gunarathne
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Potdar V, Vipat V, Jadhav S, Saha U, Jadhav SY, Bhardwaj S, Choudhary ML, Cherian S, Abraham P. Correction to: Detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 variants in India from UK returnees. Infection 2021; 49:1361. [PMID: 34331264 PMCID: PMC8323960 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-021-01660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Potdar
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India.
| | - V Vipat
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Jadhav
- Bioinformatics Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - U Saha
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Y Jadhav
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Bhardwaj
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - M L Choudhary
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Cherian
- Bioinformatics Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - P Abraham
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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Cherian S, Potdar V, Jadhav S, Yadav P, Gupta N, Das M, Rakshit P, Singh S, Abraham P, Panda S, Team NIC. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutations, L452R, T478K, E484Q and P681R, in the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1542. [PMID: 34361977 PMCID: PMC8307577 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic expands, genomic epidemiology and whole genome sequencing are being used to investigate its transmission and evolution. Against the backdrop of the global emergence of "variants of concern" (VOCs) during December 2020 and an upsurge in a state in the western part of India since January 2021, whole genome sequencing and analysis of spike protein mutations using sequence and structural approaches were undertaken to identify possible new variants and gauge the fitness of the current circulating strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that newly identified lineages B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 were predominantly circulating. The signature mutations possessed by these strains were L452R, T478K, E484Q, D614G and P681R in the spike protein, including within the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Of these, the mutations at residue positions 452, 484 and 681 have been reported in other globally circulating lineages. The structural analysis of RBD mutations L452R, T478K and E484Q revealed that these may possibly result in increased ACE2 binding while P681R in the furin cleavage site could increase the rate of S1-S2 cleavage, resulting in better transmissibility. The two RBD mutations, L452R and E484Q, indicated decreased binding to select monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and may affect their neutralization potential. Further in vitro/in vivo studies would help confirm the phenotypic changes of the mutant strains. Overall, the study revealed that the newly emerged variants were responsible for the second wave of COVID-19 in Maharashtra. Lineage B.1.617.2 has been designated as a VOC delta and B.1.617.1 as a variant of interest kappa, and they are being widely reported in the rest of the country as well as globally. Continuous monitoring of these and emerging variants in India is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cherian
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Varsha Potdar
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Pragya Yadav
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (N.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Mousumi Das
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Partha Rakshit
- National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi 110054, India; (P.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Sujeet Singh
- National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi 110054, India; (P.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Priya Abraham
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India; (S.C.); (V.P.); (S.J.); (P.Y.); (M.D.)
| | - Samiran Panda
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (N.G.); (S.P.)
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15
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Potdar V, Vipat V, Jadhav S, Saha U, Jadhav SY, Bhardwaj S, Choudhary ML, Cherian S, Abraham P. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in India from UK returnees. Infection 2021; 49:1355-1359. [PMID: 34160788 PMCID: PMC8220361 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-021-01617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Potdar
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India.
| | - V Vipat
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Jadhav
- Bioinformatics Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - U Saha
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Y Jadhav
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Bhardwaj
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - M L Choudhary
- Influenza Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Cherian
- Bioinformatics Group, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - P Abraham
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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16
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Tripathy AS, Sharma M, Thorat NC, Jadhav S, Koshatwar KA. An outbreak of hepatitis E in Yavatmal, India, 2019. J Med Virol 2021; 93:3761-3768. [PMID: 33617043 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis E, a public health concern in developing countries, frequently presents in epidemic, as well as in sporadic forms. This study investigated an outbreak of viral hepatitis at Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India in March 2019. Blood samples from 10 patients were received at Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune to test for the presence of enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses. Subsequently, 49 suspected cases were screened for anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV)/hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, alanine amino-transferase levels and HEV RNA. Water samples were screened for HEV and HAV RNA followed by phylogenetic analysis. Overall 32 of 49 (65.3%) suspected cases had recent acute HEV infection, while dual infection with HAV was noted in one case (2.04%). Forty-eight of 49 suspected cases were positive for anti-HAV IgG antibodies indicative of previously acquired immunity against HAV. Water samples had evidence of HEV contamination as detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing of HEV RNA from both patients (n = 2) and water samples (n = 5) indicated HEV genotype 1 to be the etiological agent of this outbreak. Serological and molecular evidence confirmed HEV as the etiology. Mixing of contaminated drain water with the domestic water supply may have triggered this outbreak. Subsequent changing of the defaulted water pipelines and its segregation from drain pipelines by the health authorities resulted in progressive decline of this outbreak. Despite the limitations, periodic surveillance of HEV exposure pattern and reporting of small outbreaks would supplement to the global disease burden data of hepatitis E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha S Tripathy
- Hepatitis Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meenal Sharma
- Hepatitis Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neeta C Thorat
- Hepatitis Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Hepatitis Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Stozicka Z, Korenova M, Uhrinova I, Cubinkova V, Cente M, Kovacech B, Babindakova N, Matyasova K, Vargova G, Novak M, Novak P, Zilka N, Jadhav S. Environmental Enrichment Rescues Functional Deficit and Alters Neuroinflammation in a Transgenic Model of Tauopathy. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:951-964. [PMID: 32116255 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent neurodegenerative disorder, affecting over 44 million people worldwide. There are no effective pharmaco-therapeutic options for prevention and treatment of AD. Non-pharmacological approaches may help patients suffering from AD to significantly ameliorate disease progression. In this study, we exposed a transgenic rat model (tg) of human tauopathy to enriched environment for 3 months. Behavioral testing at 6 months of age revealed improvement in functional deficits of tg rats reared under enriched conditions, while sedentary tg rats remained severely impaired. Interestingly, enriched environment did not reduce tau pathology. Analysis of neurotrophic factors revealed an increase of nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the hippocampus of both enriched groups (tg and non-tg rats), reflecting a known effect of enriched environment on the hippocampal formation. On the contrary, NGF levels decreased markedly in the brainstem of enriched groups. The non-pharmacological treatment also reduced levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 in the brainstem of transgenic rats. Expression analysis of inflammatory pathways revealed upregulation of microglial markers, such as MHC class II and Cd74, whereas levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines remained unaffected by enriched environment. Our results demonstrate that exposure to enriched environment can rescue functional impairment in tau transgenic rats without reducing tau pathology. We speculate that non-pharmacological treatment modulates the immune response to pathological tau protein inclusions, and thus reduces the damage caused by neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Stozicka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Korenova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Uhrinova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Cubinkova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Cente
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Kovacech
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nikoleta Babindakova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Matyasova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Greta Vargova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience SE, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience CRM Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Potdar V, Vipat V, Ramdasi A, Jadhav S, Pawar-Patil J, Walimbe A, Patil SS, Choudhury ML, Shastri J, Agrawal S, Pawar S, Lole K, Abraham P, Cherian S. Phylogenetic classification of the whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from India & evolutionary trends. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:166-174. [PMID: 33818474 PMCID: PMC8184080 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3418_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Several phylogenetic classification systems have been devised to trace the viral lineages of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, inconsistency in the nomenclature limits uniformity in its epidemiological understanding. This study provides an integration of existing classifications and describes evolutionary trends of the SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating in India. METHODS The whole genomes of 330 SARS-CoV-2 samples were sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of a total of 3014 Indian SARS-CoV-2 sequences from 20 different States/Union Territories (January to September 2020) from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database was performed to observe the clustering of Nextstrain and Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak LINeages (Pangolin) lineages with the GISAID clades. The identification of mutational sites under selection pressure was performed using Mixed Effects Model of Evolution and Single-Likelihood Ancestor Counting methods available in the Datamonkey server. RESULTS Temporal data of the Indian SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed that except for Uttarakhand, West Bengal and Haryana that showed the circulation of GISAID clade O even after July 2020, the rest of the States showed a complete switch to GR/GH clades. Pangolin lineages B.1.1.8 and B.1.113 identified within GR and GH clades, respectively, were noted to be indigenous evolutions. Sites identified to be under positive selection pressure within these clades were found to occur majorly in the non-structural proteins coded by ORF1a and ORF1b. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS This study interpreted the geographical and temporal dominance of SARS-CoV-2 strains in India over a period of nine months based on the GISAID classification. An integration of the GISAID, Nextstrain and Pangolin classifications is also provided. The emergence of new lineages B.1.1.8 and B.1.113 was indicative of host-specific evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 strains in India. The hotspot mutations such as those driven by positive selection need to be further characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Potdar
- Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Veena Vipat
- Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwini Ramdasi
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Atul Walimbe
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sucheta S. Patil
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Department of Microbiology, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachee Agrawal
- Department of Microbiology, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh Pawar
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Mumbai Unit, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kavita Lole
- Hepatitis Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priya Abraham
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sarah Cherian
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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19
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Das B, Palit R, Donthi R, Kundu A, Laskar SR, Dey P, Negi D, Babra FS, Jadhav S, Naidu BS, Vazhappilly AT. Development of a position-sensitive fast scintillator (LaBr 3(Ce)) detector setup for gamma-ray imaging application. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202125311005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have characterized a Cerium doped Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr3(Ce) ) crystal coupled with the position-sensitive photo-multiplier system for the gamma-ray imaging application. One can use this detector set-up for the scanning of high purity germanium detectors for pulse shape analysis in gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments and the image formation of an object by Compton back-scattering . The sensor has been tested for energy, timing and position information of the gamma-rays interacting within the detector crystal. The GEANT4 simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. We have reconstructed the image of irradiation spots in different positions throughout the detector crystal. Position resolution is found to be around 3.5 mm with the 2 mm collimated gamma-rays. The 2-d image of hexagonal Bismuth Germanate (BGO) crystal and a cylindrical LaBr3(Ce) crystal have been reconstructed in coincidence technique. The performance of the detector for imaging application has been investigated by coincidence technique in GEANT4 simulation and compared with the experimental data. We have reconstructed the 2-d images of objects with various geometrical shapes by Compton back-scattered events of the gamma-rays. This position-sensitive detector can be used as an absorber of a Compton camera for the image reconstruction of an extended radioactive source. One can also use this kind of set-up as in radiation imaging and many other applications where the energy and source position of the gamma-ray is the main interest.
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20
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Jadhav S. Expression of mannose receptor in vaginal epithelial cells of serodiscordant women and its association with pathogenesis of HIV. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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21
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Ghosh J, Agarwal P, Kapoor A, Philip D, Choudhary V, Bajpai J, Gulia S, Rath S, Maheshwari A, Chopra S, Mahantshetty U, Sable N, Popat P, Shetty N, Thakur M, Kulkarni S, Menon S, Rekhi B, Deodhar K, Jadhav S, Balsarkar G, Bansal V, Gupta S. Clinical, socioeconomic characteristics, treatment and reproductive outcomes of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at a tertiary care hospital in India. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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H S NS, S S, Patil R, Jadhav S, M C Y, Reddy B, Kharge J, Raghu TR, Shankar S, Raj S, N C, M N, Manjunath CN. Combined cardiac anomalies in Noonan syndrome: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 72:32-36. [PMID: 32506025 PMCID: PMC7276397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Noonan syndrome is the second most common syndromic cause of CHD. We present a rare case of Noonan syndrome having a combination of ASD, PS and HCM. Patient underwent balloon valvotomy for pulmonary stenosis. The patient is under regular follow-up and awaiting heart transplant.
Introduction Noonan syndrome is the second most common syndromic cause of congenital heart disease. Most patients have an autosomal dominant inheritance, but some cases may be sporadic. Pulmonary stenosis is the most common cardiac manifestation in Noonan syndrome, associated with the atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A combination of these three is present only in 5% of patients. Presentation of case We report a case of a 21-year-old female who presented to our hospital concomitant cardiac lesions associated with pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This combination of cardiac defects is an infrequent manifestation of Noonan syndrome. The patient presented with complaints of exertion syncope over the past two years. 2D-Echocardiography showed biventricular hypertrophy, dysplastic pulmonary valve, severe pulmonary stenosis, asymmetric septal hypertrophy and large atrial septal defect. The genetic analysis report showed autosomal dominant inheritance with Ras/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) Positive. Discussion Due to the wide spectrum of symptoms and presentations in Noonan cases, accurate clinical and genetic diagnosis, and comprehensive management of the disorder are strongly recommended. Conclusion We have described a case of rare combination of cardiovascular defects in Noonan Syndrome with a view to achieve better insight into the disease course and advantages of timely treatment and follow up. Our patient is currently in follow-up after treatment with percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty, has improved symptoms, and is awaiting heart transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natraj Setty H S
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
| | - Shankar S
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Patil
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Yeriswamy M C
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Babu Reddy
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayashree Kharge
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - T R Raghu
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Shankar
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sathwik Raj
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chethan N
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nithin M
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - C N Manjunath
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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23
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Deepa J, Narahari A, Karuthapandi M, Jadhav S, Shankar CS. Notes on Ptilomera agriodes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Eastern Ghats, India. J Threat Taxa 2020. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.4745.12.4.15510-15513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports an aquatic hemipteran species Ptilomera agriodes (Schmidt, 1926) distributed in different streams and waterfalls of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for the first time.
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24
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Newase P, More A, Patil J, Patil P, Jadhav S, Alagarasu K, Shah P, Parashar D, Cherian SS. Chikungunya phylogeography reveals persistent global transmissions of the Indian Ocean Lineage from India in association with mutational fitness. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 82:104289. [PMID: 32198074 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the resurgence of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in India in 2005, the Indian subcontinent sublineage of the Indian Ocean lineage (IOL) has continued transmission in India and also radiation from India causing additional outbreaks in surrounding countries. This study was undertaken for an in-depth understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of the IOL, the global transmission routes in the Indian context and possible association with mutational fitness. The whole genome sequencing of Indian isolates representing CHIKV outbreaks (2014-2018) from selected States of India was carried out, followed by phylogeography analysis of the IOL using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method and selection pressure analysis. Phylogeography analysis of IOL strains revealed indigenous evolution in India at least at three time points, with specific mutations that conferred viral fitness in the Aedes vector species. Further dispersal of the strains from India was noted to neighbouring and distant countries with multiple exportations to Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and China. The study reveals India as an endemic reservoir for CHIKV and persistent global transmissions from India. Though natural selection does not appear to play a major role in establishment of the IOL, sustainable efforts towards vector control can help address the issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Newase
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India; Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Ashwini More
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Jayashri Patil
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Poonam Patil
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Kalichamy Alagarasu
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Paresh Shah
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Deepti Parashar
- Dengue & Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India
| | - Sarah S Cherian
- Bioinformatics & Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India.
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25
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Smolek T, Cubinkova V, Brezovakova V, Valachova B, Szalay P, Zilka N, Jadhav S. Corrigendum: Genetic Background Influences the Propagation of Tau Pathology in Transgenic Rodent Models of Tauopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:30. [PMID: 32132920 PMCID: PMC7040485 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Cubinkova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Peter Szalay
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Brezovakova V, Jadhav S. Identification of Lyve-1 positive macrophages as resident cells in meninges of rats. J Comp Neurol 2020; 528:2021-2032. [PMID: 32003471 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Meningeal immunity along with its associated lymphatic vasculatures is widely discussed recently. Lymphatic vessels in meninges drain interstitial fluid into the deep-cervical lymph nodes. The vessels are composed of cells that express the cardinal marker for lymphatic endothelium-the lymphatic vessel hyaluronan receptor-1 (Lyve-1). However, studies also show the presence of nonendothelial Lyve-1 expressing cells in certain tissues. Therefore, we were curious if nonendothelial Lyve-1+ cells are also present in dura mater of meninges. We show that Lyve-1+ endothelial cells are distributed adjacent to the blood vessels in the brain dura mater of rats. We did not observe any lymphatic vessels in spinal dura mater. Interestingly, we also observed isolated population of nonlymphatic Lyve-1+ cells in both brain and spinal dura mater. Morphologically, the Lyve-1+ cells were extensively pleomorphic, sometimes elongated or round. Surprisingly, the thoracolumbal meningeal Lyve-1+ cells were predominantly round in morphology. Using endothelial specific marker VEGFR3 and macrophage markers CD68 and CD169, we observed that the isolated Lyve-1+ cells lacked endothelial cell signature, but were either CD68+ or CD169+ macrophages. Moreover, we observed that the Lyve-1+ cells colocalized with collagen fibers in the meninges, and some of Lyve-1+ cells had intracellular collagen. The study for the first time demonstrates the presence of Lyve-1 positive macrophages in the lymphatic and nonlymphatic regions in the meninges of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Brezovakova
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Patil S, Chatterjee M, Setty N, Jadhav S. Clinical profile and angiographic patterns of patients undergoing treatment for in-stent restenosis and outcomes associated with the treatment. Res Cardiovasc Med 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/rcm.rcm_21_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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28
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Smolek T, Cubinkova V, Brezovakova V, Valachova B, Szalay P, Zilka N, Jadhav S. Genetic Background Influences the Propagation of Tau Pathology in Transgenic Rodent Models of Tauopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:343. [PMID: 31920624 PMCID: PMC6917578 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common tauopathy, is an age-dependent, progressive neurodegenerative disease. Epidemiological studies implicate the role of genetic background in the onset and progression of AD. Despite mutations in familial AD, several risk factors have been implicated in sporadic AD, of which the onset is unknown. In AD, there is a sequential and hierarchical spread of tau pathology to other brain areas. Studies have strived to understand the factors that influence this characteristic spread. Using transgenic rat models with different genetic backgrounds, we reported that the genetic background may influence the manifestation of neurofibrillary pathology. In this study we investigated whether genetic background has an influence in the spread of tau pathology, using hippocampal inoculations of insoluble tau from AD brains in rodent models of tauopathy with either a spontaneously hypertensive (SHR72) or Wistar-Kyoto (WKY72) genetic background. We observed that insoluble tau from human AD induced AT8-positive neurofibrillary structures in the hippocampus of both lines. However, there was no significant difference in the amount of neurofibrillary structures, but the extent of spread was prominent in the W72 line. On the other hand, we observed significantly higher levels of AT8-positive structures in the parietal and frontal cortical areas in W72 when compared to SHR72. Interestingly, we also observed that the microglia in these brain areas in W72 were predominantly phagocytic in morphology (62.4% in parietal and 47.3% in frontal), while in SHR72 the microglia were either reactive or ramified (67.2% in parietal and 84.7% in frontal). The microglia in the hippocampus and occipital cortex in both lines were reactive or ramified structures. Factors such as gender or age are not responsible for the differences observed in these animals. Put together, our results, for the first time, show that the immune response modulating genetic variability is one of the factors that influences the propagation of tau neurofibrillary pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Cubinkova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Peter Szalay
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Tadmor R, Baksi A, Gulec S, Jadhav S, N'guessan HE, Sen K, Somasi V, Tadmor M, Wasnik P, Yadav S. Drops That Change Their Mind: Spontaneous Reversal from Spreading to Retraction. Langmuir 2019; 35:15734-15738. [PMID: 31436428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A liquid drop may spread faster on surfaces when surfactants are added. Here we show that after some time the spreading in such systems can, under certain conditions, spontaneously reverse to retraction and the droplet pulls itself back, receding from areas it has just recently wetted, elevating its center of mass in a jerklike motion. The duration from drop placement to the onset of retraction ranges from hours to less than a second primarily as a function of surfactant concentration. When the retraction is asymmetric, it results in drop motion, and when it is symmetric, the mass of the drop collects itself on its spot. This phenomenon, which was predicted theoretically in 2014, is apparently a general one for drops with surfactants; however, other factors, such as evaporation and contamination, prevented its observance so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tadmor
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Ben Gurion University , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - A Baksi
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - S Gulec
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - S Jadhav
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - H E N'guessan
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - K Sen
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - V Somasi
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - M Tadmor
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - P Wasnik
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
| | - S Yadav
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering , Lamar University , Beaumont , Texas 77710 , United States
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Mourya DT, Yadav PD, Ullas P, Bhardwaj SD, Sahay RR, Chadha MS, Shete AM, Jadhav S, Gupta N, Gangakhedkar RR, Khasnobis P, Singh SK. Emerging/re-emerging viral diseases & new viruses on the Indian horizon. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:447-467. [PMID: 31411169 PMCID: PMC6676836 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1239_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain as the major causes of human and animal morbidity and mortality leading to significant healthcare expenditure in India. The country has experienced the outbreaks and epidemics of many infectious diseases. However, enormous successes have been obtained against the control of major epidemic diseases, such as malaria, plague, leprosy and cholera, in the past. The country's vast terrains of extreme geo-climatic differences and uneven population distribution present unique patterns of distribution of viral diseases. Dynamic interplays of biological, socio-cultural and ecological factors, together with novel aspects of human-animal interphase, pose additional challenges with respect to the emergence of infectious diseases. The important challenges faced in the control and prevention of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases range from understanding the impact of factors that are necessary for the emergence, to development of strengthened surveillance systems that can mitigate human suffering and death. In this article, the major emerging and re-emerging viral infections of public health importance have been reviewed that have already been included in the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P.T. Ullas
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, Pune, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Raman R. Gangakhedkar
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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31
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Talapatra K, Raturi V, Vadgaonkar R, Jadhav S, Chadha P, Mhatre V, Pilakkal S. EP-1341 Evaluation of tumor motion variability with and without abdominal compression plate in lung SBRT. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Stoyanovsky DA, Tyurina YY, Shrivastava I, Bahar I, Tyurin VA, Protchenko O, Jadhav S, Bolevich SB, Kozlov AV, Vladimirov YA, Shvedova AA, Philpott CC, Bayir H, Kagan VE. Iron catalysis of lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis: Regulated enzymatic or random free radical reaction? Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:153-161. [PMID: 30217775 PMCID: PMC6555767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Duality of iron as an essential cofactor of many enzymatic metabolic processes and as a catalyst of poorly controlled redox-cycling reactions defines its possible biological beneficial and hazardous role in the body. In this review, we discuss these two "faces" of iron in a newly conceptualized program of regulated cell death, ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a genetically programmed iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by enhanced lipid peroxidation and insufficient capacity of thiol-dependent mechanisms (glutathione peroxidase 4, GPX4) to eliminate hydroperoxy-lipids. We present arguments favoring the enzymatic mechanisms of ferroptotically engaged non-heme iron of 15-lipoxygenases (15-LOX) in complexes with phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1 (PEBP1) as a catalyst of highly selective and specific oxidation reactions of arachidonoyl- (AA) and adrenoyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (PE). We discuss possible role of iron chaperons as control mechanisms for guided iron delivery directly to their "protein clients" thus limiting non-enzymatic redox-cycling reactions. We also consider opportunities of loosely-bound iron to contribute to the production of pro-ferroptotic lipid oxidation products. Finally, we propose a two-stage iron-dependent mechanism for iron in ferroptosis by combining its catalytic role in the 15-LOX-driven production of 15-hydroperoxy-AA-PE (HOO-AA-PE) as well as possible involvement of loosely-bound iron in oxidative cleavage of HOO-AA-PE to oxidatively truncated electrophiles capable of attacking nucleophilic targets in yet to be identified proteins leading to cell demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Stoyanovsky
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Y Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - I Shrivastava
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - I Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - V A Tyurin
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - O Protchenko
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - S Jadhav
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - S B Bolevich
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics and Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - A V Kozlov
- L Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics and Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - Y A Vladimirov
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics and Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - A A Shvedova
- Exposure Assessment Branch, NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C C Philpott
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - H Bayir
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - V E Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Heath, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics and Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation; Departments of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
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Jadhav S, Avila J, Schöll M, Kovacs GG, Kövari E, Skrabana R, Evans LD, Kontsekova E, Malawska B, de Silva R, Buee L, Zilka N. A walk through tau therapeutic strategies. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:22. [PMID: 30767766 PMCID: PMC6376692 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau neuronal and glial pathologies drive the clinical presentation of Alzheimer's disease and related human tauopathies. There is a growing body of evidence indicating that pathological tau species can travel from cell to cell and spread the pathology through the brain. Throughout the last decade, physiological and pathological tau have become attractive targets for AD therapies. Several therapeutic approaches have been proposed, including the inhibition of protein kinases or protein-3-O-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)-L-serine/threonine Nacetylglucosaminyl hydrolase, the inhibition of tau aggregation, active and passive immunotherapies, and tau silencing by antisense oligonucleotides. New tau therapeutics, across the board, have demonstrated the ability to prevent or reduce tau lesions and improve either cognitive or motor impairment in a variety of animal models developing neurofibrillary pathology. The most advanced strategy for the treatment of human tauopathies remains immunotherapy, which has already reached the clinical stage of drug development. Tau vaccines or humanised antibodies target a variety of tau species either in the intracellular or extracellular spaces. Some of them recognise the amino-terminus or carboxy-terminus, while others display binding abilities to the proline-rich area or microtubule binding domains. The main therapeutic foci in existing clinical trials are on Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and non-fluent primary progressive aphasia. Tau therapy offers a new hope for the treatment of many fatal brain disorders. First efficacy data from clinical trials will be available by the end of this decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jesus Avila
- Centro de Biologia Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones, Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolas Cabrera, 1. Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative, Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Schöll
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of, Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4J, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1097, Vienna, Austria
| | - Enikö Kövari
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rostislav Skrabana
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lewis D Evans
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Eva Kontsekova
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Luc Buee
- Universite of Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, UMRS1172, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, Place de Verdun, 59045, Lille cedex, France.
| | - Norbert Zilka
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvorakovo nabrezie 10, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Passi D, Metha S, Mhapuskar A, Marathe S, Metha S, Jadhav S, Thakare S. Assessment of efficacy of ultrasonography in cervical lymphadenopathy in oral malignancies. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:544-549. [PMID: 30984670 PMCID: PMC6436247 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_440_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: To substantiate the use of ultrasonography in diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy in oral malignancies and to assess if ultrasonographic examination done prior to lymph node (LN) biopsy can yield important information regarding the diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects with histopathologically confirmed oral malignant lesions with clinically palpable and untreated cervical LNs included into study. These patients were subjected to clinical examination (number of LNs, shape, size, location, overlying temperature, overlying skin, tenderness, consistency, and fixity to the underlying structures), and ultrasonographic evaluation (number of LNs, shape, size (mm), location, borders, matting, peripheral halo, hilum, calcification, necrosis, reticulation, and echogenicity) of the LNs, and finally, histological assessment was done after surgical excision during the course of treatment. Results: Predominantly male (65%) patients were having with malignant LN involvement with age group of 60–69 years, i.e., 35%. Ultrasonogram is superior to clinical examination as it detected additional 49 nodes. Malignant nodes tend to have longest axial diameter (17 mm with standard deviation of 8.7 mm). Over all 52 malignant nodes were round, whereas 35 nodes were oval in shape. Most of the nodes were detected in submandibular region. Around 61 (70.9%) nodes had sharp borders and 26 (29.9%) had smooth borders. Loss of echogenic hilus is a common feature of malignancy showing 70% sensitivity and 67% specificity. Most of malignant nodes were hypoechoic. Around 51 (58.6%) of nodes showed intranodal necrosis, whereas it was absent in 36 (41.4%) nodes. Matting and edema were present 25 (28.7%) nodes. Intranodal calcification was present in 37 nodes. Sensitivity of USG was 90%, whereas specificity was 100%. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic examination of cervical LNs can yield important information regarding the diagnosis. Ultrasound examination should be done prior to FNAC and ideally an ultrasound-guided FNAC.
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Modak R, Mhapuskar A, Hiremutt D, Jadhav S, Hebbale M, Varpe H. Gender determination using mandibular canine index in general population. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_75_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cubinkova V, Valachova B, Uhrinova I, Brezovakova V, Smolek T, Jadhav S, Zilka N. Alternative hypotheses related to Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 119:210-216. [PMID: 29663818 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2018_039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease represents the most common form of dementia and belongs to the group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive loss of neurons in the central nervous system. In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease several etiologic and pathogenic factors exist, which lead to the dysfunction of neurotransmitter systems and consequent cognitive decline. Last three decades have delivered a crucial progress leading to better understanding of Alzheimer's disease, however, the exact mechanisms of pathology remain unclear. In this review, we summarize some hypotheses such as amyloid and tau hypotheses, inflammatory processes, prion-like hypothesis, the hypothesis of oxidative stress, vascular and cholesterol hypothesis, the hypothesis of metal accumulation in the brain, cell cycle hypothesis, the hypothesis of impaired insulin signalization and another, which were proposed to explain the pathogenesis of this severe disorder (Ref. 115).
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Jadhav S. Possible transmission of HIV Infection due to human bite. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Skrabana R, Kovacech B, Filipcik P, Zilka N, Jadhav S, Smolek T, Kontsekova E, Novak M. Neuronal Expression of Truncated Tau Efficiently Promotes Neurodegeneration in Animal Models: Pitfalls of Toxic Oligomer Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 58:1017-1025. [PMID: 28527208 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of neurodegeneration induced by neuronal expression of truncated tau protein emerge as an important tool for understanding the pathogenesis of human tauopathies and for therapy development. Here we highlight common features of truncated tau models and make a critical assessment of possible pitfalls in their analysis. Particularly, the amount of soluble tau oligomers, which are suspected to be neurotoxic agents participating on the spreading of pathology inside the brain, may be overestimated due to a post-lysis oxidative tau oligomerization. Using a mouse brain lysate spiked with recombinant truncated and full length tau forms, we show that tau oligomers might inadvertently be produced during the isolation procedure. This finding is further corroborated by the analysis of brain lysates originated from a mouse model expressing truncated tau variant. Our results underline the necessity of thiol-protecting conditions during the analysis of tau oligomers involved in the etiopathogenesis of various tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostislav Skrabana
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Kovacech
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Filipcik
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Smolek
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kontsekova
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,AXON Neuroscience SE, Larnaca, Cyprus
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Smolek T, Jadhav S, Brezovakova V, Cubinkova V, Valachova B, Novak P, Zilka N. First-in-Rat Study of Human Alzheimer's Disease Tau Propagation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:621-631. [PMID: 29770957 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the key features of misfolded tau in human neurodegenerative disorders is its propagation from one brain area into many others. In the last decade, in vivo tau spreading has been replicated in several mouse transgenic models expressing mutated human tau as well as in normal non-transgenic mice. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that insoluble tau isolated from human AD brain induces full-blown neurofibrillary pathology in a sporadic rat model of tauopathy expressing non-mutated truncated tau protein. By using specific monoclonal antibodies, we were able to monitor the spreading of tau isolated from human brain directly in the rat hippocampus. We found that exogenous human AD tau was able to spread from the area of injection and induce tau pathology. Interestingly, solubilisation of insoluble AD tau completely abolished the capability of tau protein to induce and spread of neurofibrillary pathology in the rat brain. Our results show that exogenous tau is able to induce and drive neurofibrillary pathology in rat model for human tauopathy in a similar way as it was described in various mouse transgenic models. Rat tau spreading model has many advantages over mouse and other organisms including size and complexity, and thus is highly suitable for identification of pathogenic mechanism of tau spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Brezovakova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Cubinkova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Bernadeta Valachova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience CRM Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Dubravska 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. .,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Valachova B, Brezovakova V, Bugos O, Jadhav S, Smolek T, Novak P, Zilka N. A comparative study on pathological features of transgenic rat lines expressing either three or four repeat misfolded tau. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:1777-1789. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadeta Valachova
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Brezovakova
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Ondrej Bugos
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Smolek
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Petr Novak
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders; Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE; Bratislava Slovak Republic
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Yergolkar PN, Cherian SS, Jadhav S, Raut CG, Mourya DT. Genetic characterization of dengue virus types 1 and 2 in India, with emphasis on the viruses circulating in Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 2018; 146:662-665. [PMID: 29512610 PMCID: PMC5861479 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_452_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna N Yergolkar
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Bengaluru Unit, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sarah S Cherian
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - C G Raut
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Bengaluru Unit, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Devendra T Mourya
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 001, Maharashtra, India
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Zimova I, Brezovakova V, Hromadka T, Weisova P, Cubinkova V, Valachova B, Filipcik P, Jadhav S, Smolek T, Novak M, Zilka N. Human Truncated Tau Induces Mature Neurofibrillary Pathology in a Mouse Model of Human Tauopathy. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 54:831-43. [PMID: 27567836 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Several animal models have been developed in order to test pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease and to predict effects of pharmacological interventions. Here we examine the molecular and behavioral features of R3m/4 transgenic mice expressing human non-mutated truncated tau protein (3R tau, aa151-391) that were previously used for efficacy testing of passive tau vaccine. The mouse model reliably recapitulated crucial histopathological features of human AD, such as pre-tangles, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuropil threads. The pathology was predominantly located in the brain stem. Transgenic mice developed mature sarkosyl insoluble tau complexes consisting of mouse endogenous and human truncated and hyperphosphorylated forms of tau protein. The histopathological and biochemical features were accompanied by significant sensorimotor impairment and reduced lifespan. The sensorimotor impairment was monitored by a highly sensitive, fully-automated tool that allowed us to assess early deficit in gait and locomotion. We suggest that the novel transgenic mouse model can serve as a valuable tool for analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of tau vaccines for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Zimova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Brezovakova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Hromadka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Veronika Cubinkova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Bernadeta Valachova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Filipcik
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Axon Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Varpe H, Mhapuskar A, Jadhav S, Hiremutt D, Gaikwad S, Deshmukh A. Lobulated capillary hemangioma: A series of 3 cases with review of literature. J Dent Allied Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jdas.jdas_38_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
This paper considers testing for no effect of functional covariates on response variables in multivariate regression. We use generalized estimating equations to determine the underlying parameters and establish their joint asymptotic normality. This is then used to test the significance of the effect of predictors on the vector of response variables. Simulations demonstrate the importance of considering existing correlation structures in the data. To explore the effect of treating genetic data as a function, we perform a simulation study using gene sequencing data and find that the performance of our test is comparable to that of another popular method used in sequencing studies. We present simulations to explore the behaviour of our test under varying sample size, cluster size and dimension of the parameter to be estimated, and an application where we are able to confirm known associations between nicotine dependence and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jadhav
- Department of Statistics & Probability, Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A
| | - H L Koul
- Department of Statistics & Probability, Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Michigan State University, B601West Fee Hall, 909 Fee Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A
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Cubinková V, Valachová B, Brezováková V, Szabó R, Zimová I, Kostecká Z, Jadhav S. Next generation tau models in Alzheimer's disease research - virus based gene delivery systems. Acta Virol 2017; 61:13-21. [PMID: 28105850 DOI: 10.4149/av_2017_01_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) the most common form of dementia is characterized by cognitive decline and progressive loss of neurons in the central nervous system. Despite huge scientific progress, there are only few animal models that recapitulate at least majority of the AD pathology and related symptomatology. Therefore, alternative methods to develop animal models for neurodegenerative diseases are constantly explored. Recently, recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are widely used viral vectors in development of novel models for neurodegenerative diseases. AAV vectors expressing full length, mutant or truncated forms of tau demonstrate early and robust pathology characterized by AT8 positivity, NFT formation, motor and cognitive deficits. Furthermore, AAVs have been used in expression of tau in amyloid rodent models thus developing both lesions of amyloid and tau therefore recapitulating AD like features. Major advantage of AAV as a delivery system is the site specific expression of tau, mostly in hippocampus and cortex, and thus elimination of unwanted ectopic transgene expression. These novel models may help in better understanding of AD etiopathogenesis and provide a platform for development and testing of disease modifying drugs in preclinical efficacy studies.
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Patil S, Jadhav S, Shetty N, Kharge J, Puttegowda B, Ramalingam R, Cholenahally MN. Assessment of inferior vena cava diameter by echocardiography in normal Indian population: A prospective observational study. Indian Heart J 2016; 68 Suppl 3:S26-S30. [PMID: 28038721 PMCID: PMC5198879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of the IVC diameter is self explanatory for evaluation of the individuals' volume status. Studies regarding IVC diameter estimation in normal individuals are scarce. AIM The present study aimed to define normal criteria of size and dynamics of the inferior vena cava (IVC) by M-mode echocardiography in normal individuals. METHODS This was a prospective, single-center, observational study carried out at Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research between December 2011 and April 2014. A total of 4126 consecutive individuals were enrolled. Normal IVC diameter was measured both during inspiration and expiration by M-mode echocardiography in subcostal view. RESULTS The IVC diameter varied from 0.46 to 2.26cm in the study individuals. The IVC diameter ranged from 0.97 to 2.26cm during expiration and from 0.46 to 1.54cm during inspiration. A strong correlation was observed between IVC diameter and height, weight and BMI of the individuals, calculated using Pearson correlation. The correlation coefficients for expiratory and inspiratory IVC diameters as a function of BMI were 0.686 and 0.7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings corroborate the correlations between height, weight and BMI with IVC diameter. Future studies could be focused to bring about a steadfast formula for calculating IVC diameter based on demographic parameters of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand Patil
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Natraj Shetty
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayashree Kharge
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Beeresha Puttegowda
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rangraj Ramalingam
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Yadav PD, Patil DY, Shete AM, Kokate P, Goyal P, Jadhav S, Sinha S, Zawar D, Sharma SK, Kapil A, Sharma DK, Upadhyay KJ, Mourya DT. Nosocomial infection of CCHF among health care workers in Rajasthan, India. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:624. [PMID: 27809807 PMCID: PMC5094004 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ever since Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever [CCHF] discovered in India, several outbreaks of this disease have been recorded in Gujarat State, India. During the year 2011 to 2015 several districts of Gujarat and Rajasthan state (Sirohi) found to be affected with CCHF including the positivity among ticks and livestock. During these years many infected individuals succumbed to this disease; which subsequently led to nosocomial infections. Herein, we report CCHF cases recorded from Rajasthan state during January 2015. This has affected four individuals apparently associated with one suspected CCHF case admitted in a private hospital in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. CASE PRESENTATION A 30-year-old male was hospitalized in a private hospital in Jodhpur, Rajasthan State, who subsequently had developed thrombocytopenia and showed hemorrhagic manifestations and died in the hospital. Later on, four nursing staff from the same hospital also developed the similar symptoms (Index case and Case A, B, C). Index case succumbed to the disease in the hospital at Jodhpur followed by the death of the case A that was shifted to AIIMS hospital, Delhi due to clinical deterioration. Blood samples of the index case and Case A, B, C were referred to the National institute of Virology, Pune, India for CCHF diagnosis from the different hospitals in Rajasthan, Delhi and Gujarat. However, a sample of deceased suspected CCHF case was not referred. Subsequently, blood samples of 5 nursing staff and 37 contacts (Case D was one of them) from Pokhran area, Jaisalmer district were referred to NIV, Pune. CONCLUSIONS It clearly indicated that nursing staff acquired a nosocomial infection while attending the suspected CCHF case in an Intensive Care Unit of a private hospital in Jodhpur. However, one case was confirmed from the Pokhran area where the suspected CCHF case was residing. This case might have got the infection from suspected CCHF case or through other routes. CCHF strain associated with these nosocomial infections shares the highest identity with Afghanistan strain and its recent introduction from Afghanistan cannot be ruled out. However, lack of active surveillance, unawareness among health care workers leads to such nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya D. Yadav
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | - Deepak Y. Patil
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | - Anita M. Shete
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | - Prasad Kokate
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | - Pulkit Goyal
- Goyal Hospital and Research Center, Jodhpur, Rajasthan India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Zawar
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
| | | | - Arti Kapil
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D. K. Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Devendra T. Mourya
- National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin Code: 411001 India
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Yadav P, Sarkale P, Patil D, Shete A, Kokate P, Kumar V, Jain R, Jadhav S, Basu A, Pawar S, Sudeep A, Gokhale M, Lakra R, Mourya D. Isolation of Tioman virus from Pteropus giganteus bat in North-East region of India. Infect Genet Evol 2016; 45:224-229. [PMID: 27619056 PMCID: PMC7106170 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bat-borne viral diseases are a major public health concern among newly emerging infectious diseases which includes severe acute respiratory syndrome, Nipah, Marburg and Ebola virus disease. During the survey for Nipah virus among bats at North-East region of India; Tioman virus (TioV), a new member of the Paramyxoviridae family was isolated from tissues of Pteropus giganteus bats for the first time in India. This isolate was identified and confirmed by RT-PCR, sequence analysis and electron microscopy. A range of vertebrate cell lines were shown to be susceptible to Tioman virus. Negative electron microscopy study revealed the "herringbone" morphology of the nucleocapsid filaments and enveloped particles with distinct envelope projections a characteristic of the Paramyxoviridae family. Sequence analysis of Nucleocapsid gene of TioV demonstrated sequence identity of 99.87% and 99.99% nucleotide and amino acid respectively with of TioV strain isolated in Malaysia, 2001. This report demonstrates the first isolation of Tioman virus from a region where Nipah virus activity has been noticed in the past and recent years. Bat-borne viruses have become serious concern world-wide. A Survey of bats for novel viruses in this region would help in recognizing emerging viruses and combating diseases caused by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Yadav
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Prasad Sarkale
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Deepak Patil
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Anita Shete
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Prasad Kokate
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Vimal Kumar
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Rajlaxmi Jain
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Atanu Basu
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Shailesh Pawar
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Anakkathil Sudeep
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Mangesh Gokhale
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Rajen Lakra
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India
| | - Devendra Mourya
- National Institute of Virology, Pune, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra Pin 411001, India.
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Natraj Setty HSS, Hebbal VP, Channabasappa YM, Jadhav S, Ravindranath KS, Patil SS, Swamy K, Manjunath CN. Assessment of RV function following Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC) for rheumatic mitral stenosis. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2016. [DOI: 10.5530/jcdr.2016.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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50
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Katwate U, Jadhav S, Kumkar P, Raghavan R, Dahanukar N. Pethia sanjaymoluri, a new species of barb (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the northern Western Ghats, India. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:2027-2050. [PMID: 27098090 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pethia sanjaymoluri, a new cyprinid, is described from the Pavana and Nira tributaries of Bhima River, Krishna drainage, Maharashtra, India. It can be distinguished from congeners by a combination of characteristics that includes an incomplete lateral line, absence of barbels, upper lip thick and fleshy, 23-25 lateral series scales, 7-12 lateral-line pored scales, 10 predorsal scales, 11-14 prepelvic scales, 17-20 pre-anal scales, 4½ scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, four scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin, 8-15 pairs of serrae on distal half of dorsal-fin spine, 12-14 branched pectoral-fin rays, 4 + 26 total vertebrae, 4 + 5 predorsal vertebrae, 4 + 13 abdominal vertebrae, 13 caudal vertebrae and a unique colour pattern comprising a humeral spot positioned below the lateral line and encompassing the third and fourth lateral-line scales and one scale below, one caudal spot on 17th-21st lateral-line scales with a yellow hue on its anterior side and apical half of dorsal fin studded with melanophores making the fin tip appear black. Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence suggests that the species is distinct from other known species of Pethia for which data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Katwate
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp. Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai, 400 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Jadhav
- Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Western Regional Center, Akurdi, Pune, 411 044, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Kumkar
- Department of Zoology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 053, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Raghavan
- Center for Taxonomy of Aquatic Animals, Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, 682 506, Kerala, India
| | - N Dahanukar
- Systematics, Ecology & Conservation Laboratory, Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), 96 Kumudham Nagar, Vilankurichi Road, Coimbatore, 641 035, Tamil Nadu, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, G1 Block, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India
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