1
|
Effinger D, Hirschberger S, Yoncheva P, Schmid A, Heine T, Newels P, Schütz B, Meng C, Gigl M, Kleigrewe K, Holdt LM, Teupser D, Kreth S. A ketogenic diet substantially reshapes the human metabolome. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1202-1212. [PMID: 37270344 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western dietary habits (WD) have been shown to promote chronic inflammation, which favors the development of many of today's non-communicable diseases. Recently, ketogenic diets (KD) have emerged as an immune-regulating countermeasure for WD-induced metaflammation. To date, beneficial effects of KD have been solely attributed to the production and metabolism of ketone bodies. Given the drastic change in nutrient composition during KD, it is reasonable to assume that there are widespread changes in the human metabolome also contributing to the impact of KD on human immunity. The current study was conducted to gain insight into the changes of the human metabolic fingerprint associated with KD. This could allow to identify metabolites that may contribute to the overall positive effects on human immunity, but also help to recognize potential health risks of KD. METHODS We conducted a prospective nutritional intervention study enrolling 40 healthy volunteers to perform a three-week ad-libitum KD. Prior to the start and at the end of the nutritional intervention serum metabolites were quantified, untargeted mass spectrometric metabolome analyses and urine analyses of the tryptophan pathway were performed. RESULTS KD led to a marked reduction of insulin (-21.45% ± 6.44%, p = 0.0038) and c-peptide levels (-19.29% ± 5.45%, p = 0.0002) without compromising fasting blood glucose. Serum triglyceride concentration decreased accordingly (-13.67% ± 5.77%, p = 0.0247), whereas cholesterol parameters remained unchanged. LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed a profound shift of the human metabolism towards mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, comprising highly elevated levels of free fatty acids and acylcarnitines. The serum amino acid (AA) composition was rearranged with lower abundance of glucogenic AA and an increase of BCAA. Furthermore, an increase of anti-inflammatory fatty acids eicosatetraenoic acid (p < 0.0001) and docosahexaenoic acid (p = 0.0002) was detected. Urine analyses confirmed higher utilization of carnitines, indicated by lower carnitine excretion (-62.61% ± 18.11%, p = 0.0047) and revealed changes to the tryptophan pathway depicting reduced quinolinic acid (-13.46% ± 6.12%, p = 0.0478) and elevated kynurenic acid concentrations (+10.70% ± 4.25%, p = 0.0269). CONCLUSIONS A KD fundamentally changes the human metabolome even after a short period of only three weeks. Besides a rapid metabolic switch to ketone body production and utilization, improved insulin and triglyceride levels and an increase in metabolites that mediate anti-inflammation and mitochondrial protection occurred. Importantly, no metabolic risk factors were identified. Thus, a ketogenic diet could be considered as a safe preventive and therapeutic immunometabolic tool in modern medicine. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register; DRKS-ID: DRKS00027992 (www.drks.de).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Effinger
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Polina Yoncheva
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Schmid
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Till Heine
- Biovis Diagnostik MVZ GmbH, Limburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
| | - Michael Gigl
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
| | - Lesca-Miriam Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Anaesthesiology, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Critically ill patients often suffer from a complex and severe immunological dysfunction. The differentiation and function of human immune cells are fundamentally controlled through metabolic processes. New concepts of immunonutrition therefore try to use enteral and parenteral nutrition to positively impact on the immune function of intensive care unit patients. This review article concisely presents the currently available evidence on the commonly used isolated supplements (anti-oxidative substances, amino acids, essential fatty acids) and difficulties related to their clinical use. The second part presents new and more comprehensive concepts of immunonutrition to influence the intestinal microbiome and to modulate the macronutrient composition. Immunonutrition of critically ill patients bears enormous potential and could become a valuable clinical tool for modulation of the immunometabolism of intensive care unit patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hirschberger
- Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, LMU Klinikum München, München, Deutschland
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Marchioninistr. 68, 81377, München, Deutschland
| | - Annika Schmid
- Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, LMU Klinikum München, München, Deutschland
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Marchioninistr. 68, 81377, München, Deutschland
| | - Simone Kreth
- Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, LMU Klinikum München, München, Deutschland.
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Marchioninistr. 68, 81377, München, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tomasi S, Li L, Hinske LC, Tomasi R, Amini M, Strauß G, Müller MB, Hirschberger S, Peterss S, Effinger D, Pogoda K, Kreth S, Hübner M. A Functional Network Driven by MicroRNA-125a Regulates Monocyte Trafficking in Acute Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810684. [PMID: 36142632 PMCID: PMC9503790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the onset of acute inflammation, rapid trafficking of leukocytes is essential to mount appropriate immune responses towards an inflammatory insult. Monocytes are especially indispensable for counteracting the inflammatory stimulus, neutralising the noxa and reconstituting tissue homeostasis. Thus, monocyte trafficking to the inflammatory sites needs to be precisely orchestrated. In this study, we identify a regulatory network driven by miR-125a that affects monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis by the direct targeting of two adhesion molecules, i.e., junction adhesion molecule A (JAM-A), junction adhesion molecule-like (JAM-L) and the chemotaxis-mediating chemokine receptor CCR2. By investigating monocytes isolated from patients undergoing cardiac surgery, we found that acute yet sterile inflammation reduces miR-125a levels, concomitantly enhancing the expression of JAM-A, JAM-L and CCR2. In contrast, TLR-4-specific stimulation with the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) LPS, usually present within the perivascular inflamed area, resulted in dramatically induced levels of miR-125a with concomitant repression of JAM-A, JAM-L and CCR2 as early as 3.5 h. Our study identifies miR-125a as an important regulator of monocyte trafficking and shows that the phenotype of human monocytes is strongly influenced by this miRNA, depending on the type of inflammatory stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tomasi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lei Li
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig Christian Hinske
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstrasse 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Roland Tomasi
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Amini
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Bernhard Müller
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Peterss
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kristin Pogoda
- Physiology, Institute for Theoretical Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hirschberger S, Gellert L, Effinger D, Muenchhoff M, Herrmann M, Briegel JM, Zwißler B, Kreth S. Ketone Bodies Improve Human CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Cell Immune Response During COVID-19 Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:923502. [PMID: 35783654 PMCID: PMC9243504 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.923502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 is characterized by profound CD8+ T-cell dysfunction, which cannot be specifically treated to date. We here investigate whether metabolic CD8+ T-cell reprogramming by ketone bodies could be a promising strategy to overcome the immunoparalysis in COVID-19 patients. This approach was triggered by our recent pioneering study, which has provided evidence that CD8+ T-cell capacity in healthy subjects could be significantly empowered by a Ketogenic Diet. These improvements were achieved by immunometabolic rewiring toward oxidative phosphorylation. We here report similar strengthening of CD8+ T cells obtained from severely diseased COVID-19 patients: Flow cytometry and ELISA revealed elevated cytokine expression and secretion (up to + 24%) upon ketone treatment and enhanced cell lysis capacity (+ 21%). Metabolic analyses using Seahorse technology revealed upregulated mitochondrial respiratory chain activity (+ 25%), enabling both superior energy supply (+ 44%) and higher mitochondrial reactive oxygen species signaling. These beneficial effects of ketones might represent evolutionary conserved mechanisms to strengthen human immunity. Our findings pave the road for metabolic treatment studies in COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hirschberger
- Research Unit Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Gellert
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Research Unit Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Muenchhoff
- Faculty of Medicine, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- COVID-19 Registry of the LMU Munich (CORKUM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Herrmann
- COVID-19 Registry of the LMU Munich (CORKUM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Josef-Maria Briegel
- Research Unit Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- COVID-19 Registry of the LMU Munich (CORKUM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Zwißler
- Research Unit Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- COVID-19 Registry of the LMU Munich (CORKUM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Research Unit Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Simone Kreth,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Müller MB, Hübner M, Li L, Tomasi S, Ließke V, Effinger D, Hirschberger S, Pogoda K, Sperandio M, Kreth S. Cell-Crossing Functional Network Driven by microRNA-125a Regulates Endothelial Permeability and Monocyte Trafficking in Acute Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826047. [PMID: 35401562 PMCID: PMC8986987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Opening of the endothelial barrier and targeted infiltration of leukocytes into the affected tissue are hallmarks of the inflammatory response. The molecular mechanisms regulating these processes are still widely elusive. In this study, we elucidate a novel regulatory network, in which miR-125a acts as a central hub that regulates and synchronizes both endothelial barrier permeability and monocyte migration. We found that inflammatory stimulation of endothelial cells induces miR-125a expression, which consecutively inhibits a regulatory network consisting of the two adhesion molecules VE-Cadherin (CDH5) and Claudin-5 (CLDN5), two regulatory tyrosine phosphatases (PTPN1, PPP1CA) and the transcription factor ETS1 eventually leading to the opening of the endothelial barrier. Moreover, under the influence of miR-125a, endothelial expression of the chemokine CCL2, the most predominant ligand for the monocytic chemokine receptor CCR2, was strongly enhanced. In monocytes, on the other hand, we detected markedly repressed expression levels of miR-125a upon inflammatory stimulation. This induced a forced expression of its direct target gene CCR2, entailing a strongly enhanced monocyte chemotaxis. Collectively, cell-type-specific differential expression of miR-125a forms a synergistic functional network controlling monocyte trafficking across the endothelial barrier towards the site of inflammation. In addition to the known mechanism of miRNAs being shuttled between cells via extracellular vesicles, our study uncovers a novel dimension of miRNA function: One miRNA, although disparately regulated in the cells involved, directs a biologic process in a synergistic and mutually reinforcing manner. These findings provide important new insights into the regulation of the inflammatory cascade and may be of great use for future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bernhard Müller
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Lei Li
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Tomasi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU): Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valena Ließke
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Kristin Pogoda
- Physiology, Institute for Theoretical Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München, Faculty of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Simone Kreth,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hirschberger S, Strauß G, Effinger D, Marstaller X, Ferstl A, Müller MB, Wu T, Hübner M, Rahmel T, Mascolo H, Exner N, Heß J, Kreth FW, Unger K, Kreth S. Very-low-carbohydrate diet enhances human T-cell immunity through immunometabolic reprogramming. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14323. [PMID: 34151532 PMCID: PMC8350890 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Very-low-carbohydrate diet triggers the endogenous production of ketone bodies as alternative energy substrates. There are as yet unproven assumptions that ketone bodies positively affect human immunity. We have investigated this topic in an in vitro model using primary human T cells and in an immuno-nutritional intervention study enrolling healthy volunteers. We show that ketone bodies profoundly impact human T-cell responses. CD4+ , CD8+ , and regulatory T-cell capacity were markedly enhanced, and T memory cell formation was augmented. RNAseq and functional metabolic analyses revealed a fundamental immunometabolic reprogramming in response to ketones favoring mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. This confers superior respiratory reserve, cellular energy supply, and reactive oxygen species signaling. Our data suggest a very-low-carbohydrate diet as a clinical tool to improve human T-cell immunity. Rethinking the value of nutrition and dietary interventions in modern medicine is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hirschberger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - David Effinger
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Xaver Marstaller
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Alicia Ferstl
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Martin B Müller
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Tingting Wu
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Tim Rahmel
- Department of AnesthesiaIntensive Care Medicine and Pain TherapyUniversity Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus BochumBochumGermany
| | - Hannah Mascolo
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Nicole Exner
- Metabolic BiochemistryBiomedical Center (BMC)Faculty of MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Julia Heß
- Helmholtz Center MunichResearch Unit Radiation CytogeneticsNeuherbergGermany
- Department of Radiation OncologyLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Friedrich W Kreth
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Helmholtz Center MunichResearch Unit Radiation CytogeneticsNeuherbergGermany
- Department of Radiation OncologyLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineResearch Unit Molecular MedicineLMU University HospitalLudwig‐Maximilian‐University München (LMU)MunichGermany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tomasi R, Tariq M, Hübner M, Strauss G, Längin M, Zeuzem-Lampert C, Vandewiele S, Kreth S, Abicht JM. T-Cell Response in a Cardiac Xenotransplant Model. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2021; 19:708-716. [PMID: 34085920 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2020.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the advances in preclinical cardiac xenotransplantation, the immune reactions caused by species differences are not fully understood. Hyperacute rejection can now be avoided using genetically engineered donor organs, but cellmediated rejection by the adaptive immune response has not been addressed successfully. Here we investigated the initial human pan-T-cell reaction using a pig-human blood working heart model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Porcine wild-type hearts (n = 7) were perfused with human blood in a biventricular working heart system for 3 hours. As control, blood from the same human donors was circulated without a pig heart. Pan-T cells were selectively extracted from blood taken before and at the end of the perfusion cycle. The relative mRNA expression of selected target genes (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and the expression of microRNAs were determined. RESULTS After xenogeneic organ perfusion, there was a moderate upregulation of several CD4+ marker cytokines (interleukin 2, interleukin 4, interferon γ) compared with control. We found a distinct increase in the mRNA expression of granzyme B and perforin, key markers of cytotoxic T cells. No differences in the marker genes of regulatory T cells were evident. Levels of the anti-inflammatory microRNAs miR-16 and miR-93 were significantly higher in the xenoperfused group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that contact of human blood with pig endothelium activates cytotoxic T cells within the first few hours, indicating acute rejection processes. This is accompanied by upregulation of anti-inflammatory microRNAs, which may represent compensatory anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Tomasi
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,From the Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rahmel T, Hübner M, Koos B, Wolf A, Willemsen KM, Strauß G, Effinger D, Adamzik M, Kreth S. Impact of carbohydrate-reduced nutrition in septic patients on ICU: study protocol for a prospective randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038532. [PMID: 32641340 PMCID: PMC7348645 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is defined as detrimental immune response to an infection. This overwhelming reaction often abolishes a normal reconstitution of the immune cell homeostasis that in turn increases the risk for further complications. Recent studies revealed a favourable impact of ketone bodies on resolution of inflammation. Thus, a ketogenic diet may provide an easy-to-apply and cost-effective treatment option potentially alleviating sepsis-evoked harm. This study is designed to assess the feasibility, efficiency and safety of a ketogenic diet in septic patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This monocentric study is a randomised, controlled and open-label trial, which is conducted on an intensive care unit of a German university hospital. As intervention enteral nutrition with reduced amount of carbohydrates (ketogenic) or standard enteral nutrition (control) is applied. The primary endpoint is the detection of ketone bodies in patients' blood and urine samples. As secondary endpoints, the impact on important safety-relevant issues (eg, glucose metabolism, lactate serum concentration, incidence of metabolic acidosis, thyroid function and 30-day mortality) and the effect on the immune system are analysed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received the following approvals: Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum (No. 18-6557-BR). Results will be made available to critical care survivors, their caregivers, the funders, the critical care societies and other researchers by publication in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00017710); Universal Trial Number (U1111-1237-2493).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Rahmel
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Faculty of Medicine - LMU, Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München, Germany
| | - Björn Koos
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Wolf
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katrin-Maria Willemsen
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Faculty of Medicine - LMU, Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Faculty of Medicine - LMU, Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München, Germany
| | - Michael Adamzik
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Faculty of Medicine - LMU, Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kunz M, Albert NL, Unterrainer M, la Fougere C, Egensperger R, Schüller U, Lutz J, Kreth S, Tonn JC, Kreth FW, Thon N. Dynamic 18F-FET PET is a powerful imaging biomarker in gadolinium-negative gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:274-284. [PMID: 29893965 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to elucidate the place of dynamic O-(2-[18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) PET in prognostic models of gadolinium (Gd)-negative gliomas. METHODS In 98 patients with Gd-negative gliomas undergoing 18F-FET PET guided biopsy, time activity curves (TACs) of each tumor were qualitatively categorized as either increasing or decreasing. Additionally, post-hoc quantitative analyses were done using minimal time-to-peak (TTPmin) measurements. Prognostic factors were obtained from multivariate hazards models. The fit of the biospecimen- and imaging-derived models was compared. RESULTS A homogeneous increasing, mixed, and homogeneous decreasing TAC pattern was seen in 51, 19, and 28 tumors, respectively. Mixed TAC tumors exhibited both increasing and decreasing TACs. Corresponding adjusted 5-year survival was 85%, 47%, and 19%, respectively (P < 0.001). Qualitative and quantitative TAC measurements were highly intercorrelated (P < 0.0001). TTPmin was longest (shortest) in the homogeneous increasing (decreasing) TAC group and in between in the mixed TAC group. TTPmin was longer in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant tumors (P < 0.001). Outcome was similarly precisely predicted by biospecimen- and imaging-derived models. In the biospecimen model, World Health Organization (WHO) grade (P < 0.0001) and IDH status (P < 0.001) were predictors for survival. Outcome of homogeneous increasing (homogeneous decreasing) TAC tumors was nearly identical, with both TTPmin > 25 min (TTPmin ≤ 12.5 min) tumors and IDH-mutant grade II (IDH-wildtype) gliomas. Outcome of mixed TAC tumors matched that of both intermediate TTPmin (>12.5 min and ≤25 min) and IDH-mutant, grade III gliomas. Each of the 3 prognostic clusters differed significantly from the other ones of the respective models (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION TAC measurements constitute a powerful biomarker independent from tumor grade and IDH status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Kunz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie Lisa Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Christian la Fougere
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Egensperger
- Center for Neuropathology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Center for Neuropathology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juergen Lutz
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg-Christian Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, partner site Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hübner M, Moellhoff N, Effinger D, Hinske CL, Hirschberger S, Wu T, Müller MB, Strauß G, Kreth FW, Kreth S. MicroRNA-93 acts as an "anti-inflammatory tumor suppressor" in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa047. [PMID: 32642700 PMCID: PMC7282490 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is an important driver of malignant glioma disease. Inflammatory mediators are not only produced by immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, but also by glioblastoma (GBM) cells themselves creating a mutually reinforcing loop. We here aimed at identifying an “anti-inflammatory switch” that allows to dampen inflammation in GBM. Methods We used human GBM specimens, primary cultures, and cell lines. The response of GBM cells toward inflammatory stimuli was tested by incubation with supernatant of stimulated human immune cells. Expression levels were measured by whole transcriptome microarrays and qRT-PCR, and protein was quantified by LUMINEX and SDS-PAGE. MicroRNA binding to 3′UTRs was analyzed by luciferase assays. Proliferation rates were determined by flow cytometry, and invasion and angiogenesis were studied using migration and endothelial tube formation assays. Results We demonstrated GBM cells to secrete high amounts of proinflammatory mediators in an inflammatory microenvironment. We found miR-93 as a potential “anti-inflammatory tumor suppressor” dramatically downregulated in GBM. Concordantly, cytokine secretion dropped after miR-93 re-expression. Transfection of miR-93 in GBM cells led to down-regulation of hubs of the inflammatory networks, namely, HIF-1α and MAP3K2 as well as IL-6, G-CSF, IL-8, LIF, IL-1β, COX2, and CXCL5. We showed only COX2 and CXCL5 to be indirectly regulated by miR-93 while all other genes are true targets. Phenotypically, re-expression of miR-93 in GBM cells substantially suppressed proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Conclusions Alleviating GBM-derived inflammation by re-expression of miR-93 may be a powerful tool to mitigate these tumors’ aggressiveness and holds promise for new clinical approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Hübner
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Moellhoff
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simon Hirschberger
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tingting Wu
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Bernhard Müller
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hübner M, Effinger D, Wu T, Strauß G, Pogoda K, Kreth FW, Kreth S. The IL-1 Antagonist Anakinra Attenuates Glioblastoma Aggressiveness by Dampening Tumor-Associated Inflammation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E433. [PMID: 32069807 PMCID: PMC7072290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra-currently approved for the treatment of autoinflammatory diseases-blocks IL-1β-mediated inflammatory signaling. As inflammation is a major driver of cancer, we hypothesized that anakinra might be able to mitigate glioblastoma (GBM) aggressiveness. METHODS Primary GBM or T98G cells were incubated alone or with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and were subsequently treated with IL-1β and/or anakinra. T cells were obtained by magnetic bead isolation. Protein and mRNA expression were quantified by SDS-PAGE, qRT-PCR, and ELISA, respectively. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed via flow cytometry. Chemotaxis was studied via time-lapse microscopy. RESULTS Upon IL-1β stimulation, anakinra attenuated proinflammatory gene expression in both GBM cells and PBMCs, and mitigated tumor migration and proliferation. In a more lifelike model replacing IL-1β stimulation by GBM-PBMC co-culture, sole presence of PBMCs proved sufficient to induce a proinflammatory phenotype in GBM cells with enhanced proliferation and migration rates and attenuated apoptosis. Anakinra antagonized these pro-tumorigenic effects and, moreover, reduced inflammatory signaling in T cells without compromising anti-tumor effector molecules. CONCLUSION By dampening the inflammatory crosstalk between GBM and immune cells, anakinra mitigated GBM aggressiveness. Hence, counteracting IL-1β-mediated inflammation might be a promising strategy to pursue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.H.); (D.E.); (T.W.); (G.S.)
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - David Effinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.H.); (D.E.); (T.W.); (G.S.)
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.H.); (D.E.); (T.W.); (G.S.)
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.H.); (D.E.); (T.W.); (G.S.)
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Kristin Pogoda
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.H.); (D.E.); (T.W.); (G.S.)
- Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Effinger D, Hübner M, Wu T, Thon N, Kreth FW, Kreth S. TMIC-44. IL-1 ANTAGONIST ANAKINRA INHIBITS GLIOBLASTOMA PROLIFERATION BY ANTAGONIZING THE PROINFLAMMATORY MICROENVIRONMENT. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
The recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra prevents binding of IL-1 to its receptor and blocks IL-1β-mediated proinflammatory signaling. It is currently used in the treatment of autoinflammatory diseases. As inflammation is a major driver of malignancy, we hypothesized that anakinra – by ameliorating the inflammatory tumor environment – might be capable to mitigate glioblastoma (GBM) progression.
METHODS
T98G GBM cells were cultivated with PBMC, separated by cell culture inserts with or without anakinra and incubated 48h in 5% O2 mimicking the GBM microenvironment. T-cells were obtained by magnetic bead isolation. mRNA expression levels were measured by quantitative Real-Time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Cytokine production was assessed by ELISA. Cell proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometric quantification of Ki-67 protein expression. Anakinra has been provided by Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (Sweden). Results are presented as mean±SEM, p-Values were calculated using Student’s t-test.
RESULTS
After administration of anakinra, mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory and proangiogenic genes IL-1β, COX-2, CCL2 and IL-8 were reduced in T98G (-64%±19.1%, -56.2%±21.3%, -87.1%±28.8%, -91.7%±27.2%, n=7, p< 0.05). Surprisingly, no changes of these targets were detectable in PBMC. However, in T-cells, anakinra induced mRNA expression of Th2 transcription factor GATA3 and the antiinflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 (+6,7%±4,6%, +36,1%±22,9%, +69,1%32,8%, n=10, p< 0.05). The expression of the protumorigenic genes IL-22, IL-17 as well as IFNγ was dramatically repressed (-63.2%±21.9%, -88.1%±21.7%, -85.6%±45.2%, n=10, p< 0.05), protein secretion of IL-22 and IFNγ was strongly blocked (-36.3%±9.1%, -13.9%±0.5%, n=6, p< 0.05). Importantly, treatment with anakinra markedly attenuated GBM cell proliferation (-20.1%±5%, n=4, p< 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Anakinra indeed puts the brake on proinflammatory signaling pathways in GBM cells and simultaneously promotes a shift towards an anti-inflammatory T-cell phenotype. As a result, GBM proliferation is diminished. Hence, administration of anakinra might be an interesting and novel therapeutic approach to reduce Glioblastoma aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Effinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hirschberger S, Hübner M, Strauß G, Effinger D, Bauer M, Weis S, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kreth S. Identification of suitable controls for miRNA quantification in T-cells and whole blood cells in sepsis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15735. [PMID: 31672997 PMCID: PMC6823537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex immune dysregulation is a hallmark of sepsis. The occurring phases of immunosuppression and hyperinflammation require rapid detection and close monitoring. Reliable tools to monitor patient’s immune status are yet missing. Currently, microRNAs are being discussed as promising new biomarkers in sepsis. However, no suitable internal control for normalization of miRNA expression by qPCR has been validated so far, thus hampering their potential benefit. We here present the first evaluation of endogenous controls for miRNA analysis in human sepsis. Novel candidate reference miRNAs were identified via miRNA microArray. TaqMan qPCR assays were performed to evaluate these microRNAs in T-cells and whole blood cells of sepsis patients and healthy controls in two independent cohorts. In T-cells, U48 and miR-320 proved suitable as endogenous controls, while in whole blood cells, U44 and miR-942 provided best stability values for normalization of miRNA quantification. Commonly used snRNA U6 exhibited worst stability in all sample groups. The identified internal controls have been prospectively validated in independent cohorts. The critical importance of housekeeping gene selection is emphasized by exemplary quantification of imuno-miR-150 in sepsis patients. Use of appropriate internal controls could facilitate research on miRNA-based biomarker-use and might even improve treatment strategies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hirschberger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Strauß
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Heun Y, Pircher J, Czermak T, Bluem P, Hupel G, Bohmer M, Kraemer BF, Pogoda K, Pfeifer A, Woernle M, Ribeiro A, Hübner M, Kreth S, Claus RA, Weis S, Ungelenk L, Krötz F, Pohl U, Mannell H. Inactivation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 drives vascular dysfunction in Sepsis. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:120-132. [PMID: 30905847 PMCID: PMC6491420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis, the most severe form of infection, involves endothelial dysfunction which contributes to organ failure. To improve therapeutic prospects, elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial vascular failure is of essence. Methods Polymicrobial contamination induced sepsis mouse model and primary endothelial cells incubated with sepsis serum were used to study SHP-2 in sepsis-induced endothelial inflammation. SHP-2 activity was assessed by dephosphorylation of pNPP, ROS production was measured by DCF oxidation and protein interactions were assessed by proximity ligation assay. Vascular inflammation was studied in the mouse cremaster model and in an in vitro flow assay. Findings We identified ROS-dependent inactivation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 to be decisive for endothelial activation in sepsis. Using in vivo and in vitro sepsis models, we observed a significant reduction of endothelial SHP-2 activity, accompanied by enhanced adhesion molecule expression. The impaired SHP-2 activity was restored by ROS inhibitors and an IL-1 receptor antagonist. SHP-2 activity inversely correlated with the adhesive phenotype of endothelial cells exposed to IL-1β as well as sepsis serum via p38 MAPK and NF-κB. In vivo, SHP-2 inhibition accelerated IL-1β-induced leukocyte adhesion, extravasation and vascular permeability. Mechanistically, SHP-2 directly interacts with the IL-1R1 adaptor protein MyD88 via its tyrosine 257, resulting in reduced binding of p85/PI3-K to MyD88. Interpretation Our data show that SHP-2 inactivation by ROS in sepsis releases a protective break, resulting in endothelial activation. Fund German Research Foundation, LMU Mentoring excellence and FöFoLe Programme, Verein zur Förderung von Wissenschaft und Forschung, German Ministry of Education and Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonn Heun
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Joachim Pircher
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Czermak
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Philipp Bluem
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Georg Hupel
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Monica Bohmer
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Bjoern F Kraemer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Kristin Pogoda
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biomedical Center University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Markus Woernle
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstr.1, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Andrea Ribeiro
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstr.1, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, München 81377, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, München 81377, Germany
| | - Ralf A Claus
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany; Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Luisa Ungelenk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Florian Krötz
- Interventional Cardiology, Starnberg Community Hospital, Oßwaldstr. 1, Starnberg 82319, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pohl
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Mannell
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr 27, München 81377, Germany; Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg 82152, Germany; Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistraße 15, München 81377, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hübner M, Effinger D, Hinske C, Möllhoff N, Kreth FW, Kreth S. TMIC-24. TUMOR-SUPPRESSIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY microRNA-93 IS DECREASED IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Möllhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hübner M, Hinske C, Effinger D, Kreth FW, Kreth S. CSIG-16. INTRONIC miR-744 INHIBITS GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION THROUGH INHIBITION OF MAPK-, SMAD- AND BETA-CATENIN SIGNALING. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Effinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Möhnle P, Hirschberger S, Hinske LC, Briegel J, Hübner M, Weis S, Dimopoulos G, Bauer M, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kreth S. MicroRNAs 143 and 150 in whole blood enable detection of T-cell immunoparalysis in sepsis. Mol Med 2018; 24:54. [PMID: 30332984 PMCID: PMC6191918 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, no suitable clinical marker for detection of septic immunosuppression is available. We aimed at identifying microRNAs that could serve as biomarkers of T-cell mediated immunoparalysis in sepsis. Methods RNA was isolated from purified T-cells or from whole blood cells obtained from septic patients and healthy volunteers. Differentially regulated miRNAs were identified by miRNA Microarray (n = 7). Validation was performed via qPCR (n = 31). Results T-cells of septic patients revealed characteristics of immunosuppression: Pro-inflammatory miR-150 and miR-342 were downregulated, whereas anti-inflammatory miR-15a, miR-16, miR-93, miR-143, miR-223 and miR-424 were upregulated. Assessment of T-cell effector status showed significantly reduced mRNA-levels of IL2, IL7R and ICOS, and increased levels of IL4, IL10 and TGF-β. The individual extent of immunosuppression differed markedly. MicroRNA-143, − 150 and − 223 independently indicated T-cell immunoparalysis and significantly correlated with patient’s IL7R-/ICOS-expression and SOFA-scores. In whole blood, composed of innate and adaptive immune cells, both traits of immunosuppression and hyperinflammation were detected. Importantly, miR-143 and miR-150 – both predominantly expressed in T-cells – retained strong power of discrimination also in whole blood samples. Conclusions These findings suggest miR-143 and miR-150 as promising markers for detection of T-cell immunosuppression in whole blood and may help to develop new approaches for miRNA-based diagnostic in sepsis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s10020-018-0056-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Möhnle
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - S Hirschberger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - L C Hinske
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - J Briegel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Hübner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - S Weis
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - G Dimopoulos
- 2nd Department of Critical Care Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Bauer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - E J Giamarellos-Bourboulis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hirschberger S, Hinske LC, Kreth S. MiRNAs: dynamic regulators of immune cell functions in inflammation and cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:11-21. [PMID: 29800684 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNA molecules, have emerged as important regulators of almost all cellular processes. By binding to specific sequence motifs within the 3'- untranslated region of their target mRNAs, they induce either mRNA degradation or translational repression. In the human immune system, potent miRNAs and miRNA-clusters have been discovered, that exert pivotal roles in the regulation of gene expression. By targeting cellular signaling hubs, these so-called immuno-miRs have fundamental regulative impact on both innate and adaptive immune cells in health and disease. Importantly, they also act as mediators of tumor immune escape. Secreted by cancer cells and consecutively taken up by immune cells, immuno-miRs are capable to influence immune functions towards a blunted anti-tumor response, thus shaping a permissive tumor environment. This review provides an overview of immuno-miRs and their functional impact on individual immune cell entities. Further, implications of immuno-miRs in the amelioration of tumor surveillance are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hirschberger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Neudecker V, Brodsky KS, Clambey ET, Schmidt EP, Packard TA, Davenport B, Standiford TJ, Weng T, Fletcher AA, Barthel L, Masterson JC, Furuta GT, Cai C, Blackburn MR, Ginde AA, Graner MW, Janssen WJ, Zemans RL, Evans CM, Burnham EL, Homann D, Moss M, Kreth S, Zacharowski K, Henson PM, Eltzschig HK. Neutrophil transfer of miR-223 to lung epithelial cells dampens acute lung injury in mice. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/408/eaah5360. [PMID: 28931657 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah5360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular transfer of microRNAs can mediate communication between critical effector cells. We hypothesized that transfer of neutrophil-derived microRNAs to pulmonary epithelial cells could alter mucosal gene expression during acute lung injury. Pulmonary-epithelial microRNA profiling during coculture of alveolar epithelial cells with polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) revealed a selective increase in lung epithelial cell expression of microRNA-223 (miR-223). Analysis of PMN-derived supernatants showed activation-dependent release of miR-223 and subsequent transfer to alveolar epithelial cells during coculture in vitro or after ventilator-induced acute lung injury in mice. Genetic studies indicated that miR-223 deficiency was associated with severe lung inflammation, whereas pulmonary overexpression of miR-223 in mice resulted in protection during acute lung injury induced by mechanical ventilation or by infection with Staphylococcus aureus Studies of putative miR-223 gene targets implicated repression of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in the miR-223-dependent attenuation of lung inflammation. Together, these findings suggest that intercellular transfer of miR-223 from neutrophils to pulmonary epithelial cells may dampen acute lung injury through repression of PARP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Neudecker
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kelley S Brodsky
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric T Clambey
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Program in Translational Lung Research, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Thomas A Packard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Bennett Davenport
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Theodore J Standiford
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tingting Weng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ashley A Fletcher
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lea Barthel
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Glenn T Furuta
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chunyan Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adit A Ginde
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael W Graner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - William J Janssen
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Christopher M Evans
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ellen L Burnham
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dirk Homann
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marc Moss
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter M Henson
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Koeppen M, Lee JW, Seo SW, Brodsky KS, Kreth S, Yang IV, Buttrick PM, Eckle T, Eltzschig HK. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha-dependent induction of amphiregulin dampens myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2018; 9:816. [PMID: 29483579 PMCID: PMC5827027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to the stabilization of the transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha) and hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2-alpha). While previous studies implicate HIF1-alpha in cardioprotection, the role of HIF2-alpha remains elusive. Here we show that HIF2-alpha induces the epithelial growth factor amphiregulin (AREG) to elicit cardioprotection in myocardial IRI. Comparing mice with inducible deletion of Hif1a or Hif2a in cardiac myocytes, we show that loss of Hif2-alpha increases infarct sizes. Microarray studies in genetic models or cultured human cardiac myocytes implicate HIF2-alpha in the myocardial induction of AREG. Likewise, AREG increases in myocardial tissues from patients with ischemic heart disease. Areg deficiency increases myocardial IRI, as does pharmacologic inhibition of Areg signaling. In contrast, treatment with recombinant Areg provides cardioprotection and reconstitutes mice with Hif2a deletion. These studies indicate that HIF2-alpha induces myocardial AREG expression in cardiac myocytes, which increases myocardial ischemia tolerance. Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury stabilizes the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2-alpha. Here, the authors show that HIF2-alpha protects the heart from injury via induction of the epidermal growth factor amphiregulin, and that amphiregulin administration is cardioprotective in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Koeppen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Muenchen, Germany.
| | - Jae W Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kelley S Brodsky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Science and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter M Buttrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Hinske LC, Dos Santos FRC, Ohara DT, Ohno-Machado L, Kreth S, Galante PAF. MiRIAD update: using alternative polyadenylation, protein interaction network analysis and additional species to enhance exploration of the role of intragenic miRNAs and their host genes. Database (Oxford) 2018; 2017:4060447. [PMID: 29220447 PMCID: PMC5569676 DOI: 10.1093/database/bax053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have established their role as potent regulators of the epigenome. Interestingly, most miRNAs are located within protein-coding genes with functional consequences that have yet to be fully investigated. MiRIAD is a database with an interactive and user-friendly online interface that has been facilitating research on intragenic miRNAs. In this article, we present a major update. First, data for five additional species (chimpanzee, rat, dog, cow and frog) were added to support the exploration of evolutionary aspects of the relationship between host genes and intragenic miRNAs. Moreover, we integrated data from two different sources to generate a comprehensive alternative polyadenylation dataset. The miRIAD interface was therefore redesigned and provides a completely new gene model representation, including an interactive visualization of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) with alternative polyadenylation sites, corresponding signals and potential miRNA binding sites. Furthermore, we expanded on functional host gene network analysis. Although the previous version solely reported protein interactions, the update features a separate network analysis view that can either be accessed through the submission of a list of genes of interest or directly from a gene’s list of protein interactions. In addition to statistical properties of the submitted gene set, the interaction network graph is presented and miRNAs with seed site over- and underrepresentation are identified. In summary, the update of miRIAD provides novel datasets and bioinformatics resources with a significant increase in functionality to facilitate intragenic miRNA research in a user-friendly and interactive way. Database URL:http://www.miriad-database.org
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig C Hinske
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felipe R C Dos Santos
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo SP 01308-060, Brazil.,Inter Unidades em Bioinformática, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel T Ohara
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo SP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 93093, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo SP 01308-060, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schmieder S, Weißpflog J, Danz N, Hübner M, Kreth S, Klotzbach U, Sonntag F. Ultrasensitive SPR detection of miRNA-93 using antibody-enhanced and enzymatic signal amplification. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:1264-1270. [PMID: 32624754 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules. They play important gene-regulatory roles by binding to the mRNA of target genes thereby leading to either transcript degradation or translational repression. In virtually all diseases, distinct alterations of miRNA expression profiles have been found thus suggesting miRNAs as interesting biomarkers. Here, we present an SPR biosensor that utilizes disposable, injection-molded sensor chip/microfluidic hybrids combined with a lateral imaging optical system for parallel analysis of three one-dimensional spot arrays to detect miRNA-93. To increase the sensitivity of the biosensor we used two different amplification strategies. By adding an RNA-DNA-hybrid antibody for primary signal amplification, a limit of detection of 10 pmol/L was achieved. Based on that method we demonstrate the detection of miRNA-93 in total RNA lysate from HEK-293 cells. Utilizing an enzymatic signal amplification with Poly(A) polymerase, the sensitivity could be increased even further leading to a limit of detection of 1 fmol/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmieder
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Janek Weißpflog
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Norbert Danz
- Microoptical Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Jena Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany
| | - Udo Klotzbach
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Frank Sonntag
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hinske LC, Heyn J, Hübner M, Rink J, Hirschberger S, Kreth S. Intronic miRNA-641 controls its host Gene's pathway PI3K/AKT and this relationship is dysfunctional in glioblastoma multiforme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 489:477-483. [PMID: 28576488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have established their role as important regulators of the epigenome. A considerable number of human miRNA genes are found in intronic regions of protein-coding host genes, in many cases adopting their regulatory circuitry. However, emerging evidence foreshadows an unprecedented importance for this relationship: Intronic miRNAs may protect the cell from overactivation of the respective host pathway, a setting that may trigger tumor development. AKT2 is a well-known proto-oncogene central to the PI3K/AKT pathway. This pathway is known to promote tumor growth and survival, especially in glioblastoma. Its intronic miRNA, hsa-miR-641, is scarcely investigated, however. We hypothesized that miR-641 regulates its host AKT2 and that this regulation may become dysfunctional in glioblastoma. We found that indeed miR-641 expression differs significantly between GBM tissue and normal brain samples, and that transfection of glioma cells with miR-641 antagonizes the PI3K/AKT pathway. Combining clinical samples, cell cultures, and biomolecular methods, we could show that miR-641 doesn't affect AKT2's expression levels, but down-regulates kinases that are necessary for AKT2-activation, thereby affecting its functional state. We also identified NFAT5 as a miR-641 regulated central factor to trigger the expression of these kinases and subsequently activate AKT2. In summary, our study is the first that draws a connecting line between the proto-oncogene AKT2 and its intronic miRNA miR-641 with implication for glioblastoma development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Christian Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Jens Heyn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Jessica Rink
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; Walter-Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Luchting B, Hinske LCG, Rachinger-Adam B, Celi LA, Kreth S, Azad SC. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1: a potential biomarker for pain intensity in chronic pain patients. Biomark Med 2017; 11:265-276. [PMID: 28240097 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Pain therapy is strongly guided by patients' self-reporting. However, when self-reporting is not an option, pain assessment becomes a challenge and may lead to undertreatment of painful conditions. Pain is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon. Recent work has connected pain pathophysiology also with the inflammatory system. We therefore hypothesized that pain intensity could be predicted by cytokine-levels. PATIENTS & METHODS In this observational, single-center study, we investigated 30 serum cytokines to predict pain intensity in a screening/follow-up set of 95 chronic pain patients and controls. We then prospectively validated soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)'s discriminatory capability (n = 21). RESULTS & CONCLUSION sICAM-1 was significantly associated with patient-reported pain intensity and yielded differential serum levels in patients of varying degrees of pain intensity. Changes in pain ratings over time correlated with changes in sICAM-1 levels. Our findings suggest the possibility of a clinical use of sICAM-1 as a potential biomarker for pain intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Luchting
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany
| | | | - Banafscheh Rachinger-Adam
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany
| | - Leo Anthony Celi
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science & Technology, Boston, MA 02139, USA.,Intensive Care Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany
| | - Shahnaz Christina Azad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Heyn J, Luchting B, Hinske LC, Hübner M, Azad SC, Kreth S. miR-124a and miR-155 enhance differentiation of regulatory T cells in patients with neuropathic pain. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:248. [PMID: 27646435 PMCID: PMC5029065 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that neuropathic pain is a neuro-immune disorder with enhanced activation of the immune system. Recent data provided proof that neuropathic pain patients exhibit increased numbers of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), which may represent an endogenous attempt to limit inflammation and to reduce pain levels. We here investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations. METHODS Our experimental approach includes functional analyses of primary human T cells, 3'-UTR reporter assays, and expression analyses of neuropathic pain patients' samples. RESULTS We demonstrate that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the differentiation of Tregs in neuropathic pain. We identify miR-124a and miR-155 as direct repressors of the histone deacetylase sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in primary human CD4(+) cells. Targeting of SIRT1 by either specific siRNA or by these two miRNAs results in an increase of Foxp3 expression and, consecutively, of anti-inflammatory Tregs (siRNA: 1.7 ± 0.4; miR-124a: 1.5 ± 0.4; miR-155: 1.6 ± 0.4; p < 0.01). As compared to healthy volunteers, neuropathic pain patients exhibited an increased expression of miR-124a (2.5 ± 0.7, p < 0.05) and miR-155 (1.3 ± 0.3; p < 0.05) as well as a reduced expression of SIRT1 (0.5 ± 0.2; p < 0.01). Moreover, the expression of these two miRNAs was inversely correlated with SIRT1 transcript levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in neuropathic pain, enhanced targeting of SIRT1 by miR-124a and miR-155 induces a bias of CD4(+) T cell differentiation towards Tregs, thereby limiting pain-evoking inflammation. Deciphering miRNA-target interactions that influence inflammatory pathways in neuropathic pain may contribute to the discovery of new roads towards pain amelioration. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00005954.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Heyn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Luchting
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig C Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Shahnaz C Azad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Luchting B, Heyn J, Woehrle T, Rachinger-Adam B, Kreth S, Hinske LC, Azad SC. Differential expression of P2X7 receptor and IL-1β in nociceptive and neuropathic pain. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:100. [PMID: 27145808 PMCID: PMC4857287 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite substantial progress, pathogenesis and therapy of chronic pain are still the focus of many investigations. The ATP-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has previously been shown to play a central role in animal models of nociceptive inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Recently, we found that the adaptive immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic nociceptive and neuropathic pain in humans. So far, data regarding P2X7R expression patterns on cells of the adaptive immune system of pain patients are scarce. We therefore analyzed the P2X7R expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes, as well as serum levels of IL-1β in patients suffering from chronic nociceptive and neuropathic pain in comparison to healthy volunteers in order to identify individuals who might benefit from a P2X7R modulating therapy. METHODS P2X7R messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were determined in patients with either chronic nociceptive low back pain (CLBP) or neuropathic pain (NeP), and in healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and by fluorescence-assisted cell-sorting (FACS), respectively. IL-1β serum levels were measured with a multiplex cytokine assay. RESULTS Compared to healthy volunteers, P2X7R mRNA (1.6-fold, p = 0.038) and protein levels were significantly increased on monocytes (NeP: 24.6 ± 6.2, healthy volunteers: 17.0 ± 5.4; p = 0.002) and lymphocytes (NeP: 21.8 ± 6.5, healthy volunteers: 15.6 ± 5.2; p = 0.009) of patients with NeP, but not in patients with CLBP. Similarly, IL-1β serum concentrations were significantly elevated only in NeP patients (1.4-fold, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS A significant upregulation of P2X7R and increased IL-1β release seems to be a particular phenomenon in patients with NeP. P2X7R inhibitors may therefore represent a potential option for the treatment of this frequently intractable type of pain. German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS): Registration Trial DRKS00005954.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Luchting
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Heyn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Tobias Woehrle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Banafscheh Rachinger-Adam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig C Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Shahnaz C Azad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, LMU-Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Reinwand S, Kreth S, Beiras A, Moritz A, Werner I. Modulation of Nesfatin, Visfatin and Resistin in Patients Undergoing Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
29
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Rothkopf J, Kreth S, Kornberger A, Stock U, Beiras A, Moritz A, Werner I. Myocardial Expression of Neuregulin-1 and Its Receptor ErbB4 in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Hübner M, Strauss G, Effinger D, Pohla H, Kreth FW, Kreth S. IMPS-15PDT-TREATED GBM CELLS INCREASE EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN CD8+ T-CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov217.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
31
|
Hinske LC, Galante PAF, Limbeck E, Möhnle P, Parmigiani RB, Ohno-Machado L, Camargo AA, Kreth S. Alternative polyadenylation allows differential negative feedback of human miRNA miR-579 on its host gene ZFR. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121507. [PMID: 25799583 PMCID: PMC4370670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
About half of the known miRNA genes are located within protein-coding host genes, and are thus subject to co-transcription. Accumulating data indicate that this coupling may be an intrinsic mechanism to directly regulate the host gene's expression, constituting a negative feedback loop. Inevitably, the cell requires a yet largely unknown repertoire of methods to regulate this control mechanism. We propose APA as one possible mechanism by which negative feedback of intronic miRNA on their host genes might be regulated. Using in-silico analyses, we found that host genes that contain seed matching sites for their intronic miRNAs yield longer 32UTRs with more polyadenylation sites. Additionally, the distribution of polyadenylation signals differed significantly between these host genes and host genes of miRNAs that do not contain potential miRNA binding sites. We then transferred these in-silico results to a biological example and investigated the relationship between ZFR and its intronic miRNA miR-579 in a U87 cell line model. We found that ZFR is targeted by its intronic miRNA miR-579 and that alternative polyadenylation allows differential targeting. We additionally used bioinformatics analyses and RNA-Seq to evaluate a potential cross-talk between intronic miRNAs and alternative polyadenylation. CPSF2, a gene previously associated with alternative polyadenylation signal recognition, might be linked to intronic miRNA negative feedback by altering polyadenylation signal utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Christian Hinske
- Research Group Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Elisabeth Limbeck
- Molecular Oncology Center, Sírio Libanês Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrick Möhnle
- Research Group Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Simone Kreth
- Research Group Molecular Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Möhnle P, Schütz SV, van der Heide V, Hübner M, Luchting B, Sedlbauer J, Limbeck E, Hinske LC, Briegel J, Kreth S. MicroRNA-146a controls Th1-cell differentiation of human CD4+ T lymphocytes by targeting PRKCε. Eur J Immunol 2014; 45:260-72. [PMID: 25308712 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
T-cell functions must be tightly controlled to keep the balance between vital proinflammatory activity and detrimental overactivation. MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) has been identified as a key negative regulator of T-cell responses in mice. Its role in human T cells and its relevance to human inflammatory disease, however, remains poorly defined. In this study, we have characterized miR-146a-driven pathways in primary human T cells. Our results identify miR-146a as a critical gatekeeper of Th1-cell differentiation processes acting via molecular mechanisms not uncovered so far. MiR-146a targets protein kinase C epsilon (PRKCε), which is part of a functional complex consisting of PRKCε and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4). Within this complex, PRKCε phosphorylates STAT4, which in turn is capable of promoting Th1-cell differentiation processes in human CD4(+) T lymphocytes. In addition, we observed that T cells of sepsis patients had reduced levels of miR-146a and an increased PRKCε expression in the initial hyperinflammatory phase of the disease. Collectively, our results identify miR-146a as a potent inhibitor of Th1-cell differentiation in human T cells and suggest that dysregulation of miR-146a contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Möhnle
- Research Group Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thon N, Kunz M, Lemke L, Jansen NL, Eigenbrod S, Kreth S, Lutz J, Egensperger R, Giese A, Herms J, Weller M, Kretzschmar H, Tonn JC, la Fougère C, Kreth FW. Dynamic 18F-FET PET in suspected WHO grade II gliomas defines distinct biological subgroups with different clinical courses. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2132-45. [PMID: 25311315 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In suspected grade II gliomas, three distinct patterns of time-activity curves (TAC) on O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-1-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) positron emission tomography (PET) have been delineated (i) increasing TAC homogeneously throughout the tumor, and decreasing TAC, (ii) either homogeneously throughout the tumor or (iii) only focally within otherwise increasing TAC patterns. Increasing TAC was associated with low-grade histology and decreasing TAC with high-grade histology. This prospective study analyzed whether these patterns correlate with distinct biological tumor subtypes and differential outcome. (18)F-FET PET-guided biopsies were used for stepwise histopathological evaluation. Molecular-genetic evaluation included O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) mutational and 1p/19q codeletion status. Progression-free survival (PFS) was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were obtained from multivariate regression models. 98 adult patients were included. Homogeneous increasing, focal decreasing and homogeneous decreasing TAC were seen in 51, 19 and 28 patients. The corresponding 1-year (2-years) PFS were 92% (85%), 89% (51%) and 50% (28%; p = 0.002). IDH1/2 mutations were more frequent in tumors with homogeneous increasing (90%) and focal decreasing (79%) TAC, but were rare in those exhibiting homogeneous decreasing TAC (25%; p < 0.001). Overall, TAC patterns, IDH1/2 mutational and 1p/19q codeletion status were powerful and independent prognostic factors. Dynamic (18)F-FET PET might be an important and independent imaging biomarker for patients with suspected WHO grade II gliomas and offers perspectives for stratified diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Tumors with focal decreasing TAC need highly targeted surgical interventions to avoid undergrading and undertreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hinske LC, França GS, Torres HAM, Ohara DT, Lopes-Ramos CM, Heyn J, Reis LFL, Ohno-Machado L, Kreth S, Galante PAF. miRIAD-integrating microRNA inter- and intragenic data. Database (Oxford) 2014; 2014:bau099. [PMID: 25288656 PMCID: PMC4186326 DOI: 10.1093/database/bau099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (∼22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by interacting with target mRNAs. A majority of miRNAs is located within intronic or exonic regions of protein-coding genes (host genes), and increasing evidence suggests a functional relationship between these miRNAs and their host genes. Here, we introduce miRIAD, a web-service to facilitate the analysis of genomic and structural features of intragenic miRNAs and their host genes for five species (human, rhesus monkey, mouse, chicken and opossum). miRIAD contains the genomic classification of all miRNAs (inter- and intragenic), as well as classification of all protein-coding genes into host or non-host genes (depending on whether they contain an intragenic miRNA or not). We collected and processed public data from several sources to provide a clear visualization of relevant knowledge related to intragenic miRNAs, such as host gene function, genomic context, names of and references to intragenic miRNAs, miRNA binding sites, clusters of intragenic miRNAs, miRNA and host gene expression across different tissues and expression correlation for intragenic miRNAs and their host genes. Protein–protein interaction data are also presented for functional network analysis of host genes. In summary, miRIAD was designed to help the research community to explore, in a user-friendly environment, intragenic miRNAs, their host genes and functional annotations with minimal effort, facilitating hypothesis generation and in-silico validations. Database URL:http://www.miriad-database.org
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo S França
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo A M Torres
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Daniel T Ohara
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Camila M Lopes-Ramos
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Jens Heyn
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luiz F L Reis
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Division of Medial Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 93093-0505, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP 01308-060, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Möhnle P, Schütz SV, Schmidt M, Hinske C, Hübner M, Heyn J, Beiras-Fernandez A, Kreth S. MicroRNA-665 is involved in the regulation of the expression of the cardioprotective cannabinoid receptor CB2 in patients with severe heart failure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:516-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
36
|
Luchting B, Rachinger-Adam B, Zeitler J, Egenberger L, Möhnle P, Kreth S, Azad SC. Disrupted TH17/Treg balance in patients with chronic low back pain. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104883. [PMID: 25122126 PMCID: PMC4133258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability and costs in health care systems worldwide. Despite extensive research, the exact pathogenesis of CLBP, particularly the individual risk of chronification remains unclear. To investigate a possible role of the adaptive immune system in the pathophysiology of CLBP, we analyzed T cell related cytokine profiles, T cell related mRNA expression patterns and the distribution of T cell subsets in 37 patients suffering from nonspecific CLBP before and after multimodal therapy in comparison to 25 healthy controls. Serum patterns of marker cytokines were analyzed by Luminex technology, mRNA expression of cytokines and specific transcription factors was measured by real-time PCR, and distribution of TH1-, TH2-, TH17- and regulatory T cell (Tregs) subsets was determined by multicolor flow cytometry. We found that CLBP patients exhibit an increased number of anti-inflammatory Tregs, while pro-inflammatory TH17 cells are decreased, resulting in an altered TH17/Treg ratio. Accordingly, FoxP3 and TGF-β-mRNA expression was elevated, while expression of IL-23 was reduced. Serum cytokine analyses proved to be unsuitable to monitor the adaptive immune response in CLBP patients. We further show that even after successful therapy with lasting reduction of pain, T cell subset patterns remained altered after a follow-up period of 6 months. These findings suggest an involvement of TH17/Treg cells in the pathogenesis of CLBP and emphasize the importance of these cells in the crosstalk of pain and immune response. Trial Registration German Clinical Trial Register: Registration Trial DRKS00005954.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Luchting
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Banafscheh Rachinger-Adam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Zeitler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Egenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Möhnle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Shahnaz Christina Azad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The identification of molecular genetic biomarkers considerably increased our current understanding of glioma genesis, prognostic evaluation, and treatment planning. In glioblastoma, the most malignant intrinsic brain tumor entity in adults, the promoter methylation status of the gene encoding for the repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) indicates increased efficacy of current standard of care, which is concomitant and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide. In the elderly, MGMT promoter methylation status has recently been introduced to be a predictive biomarker that can be used for stratification of treatment regimes. This review gives a short summery of epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and treatment aspects of patients who are currently diagnosed with glioblastoma. The most important molecular genetic markers and epigenetic alterations in glioblastoma are summarized. Special focus is given to the physiological function of DNA methylation-in particular, of the MGMT gene promoter, its clinical relevance, technical aspects of status assessment, its correlation with MGMT mRNA and protein expressions, and its place within the management cascade of glioblastoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kreth S, Limbeck E, Hinske LC, Schütz SV, Thon N, Hoefig K, Egensperger R, Kreth FW. In human glioblastomas transcript elongation by alternative polyadenylation and miRNA targeting is a potent mechanism of MGMT silencing. Acta Neuropathol 2013; 125:671-81. [PMID: 23340988 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Favorable outcome after chemotherapy of glioblastomas cannot unequivocally be linked to promoter hypermethylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene encoding a DNA repair enzyme associated with resistance to alkylating agents. This indicates that molecular mechanisms determining MGMT expression have not yet been fully elucidated. We here show that glioblastomas are capable to downregulate MGMT expression independently of promoter methylation by elongation of the 3'-UTR of the mRNA, rendering the alternatively polyadenylated transcript susceptible to miRNA-mediated suppression. While the elongated transcript is poorly expressed in normal brain, its abundance in human glioblastoma specimens is inversely correlated with MGMT mRNA expression. Using a bioinformatically guided experimental approach, we identified miR-181d, miR-767-3p, and miR-648 as significant post-transcriptional regulators of MGMT in glioblastomas; the first two miRNAs induce MGMT mRNA degradation, the latter affects MGMT protein translation. A regression model including the two miRNAs influencing MGMT mRNA expression and the MGMT methylation status reliably predicts The Cancer Genome Atlas MGMT expression data. Responsivity of MGMT expressing T98G glioma cells to temozolomide was significantly enhanced after transfection of miR-181d, miR-767-3p, and miR-648. Taken together, our results uncovered alternative polyadenylation of the MGMT 3'-UTR and miRNA targeting as new mechanisms of MGMT silencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kreth
- Research Group Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Munich (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81337, Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Ledderose C, Weis F, Beiras A, Kreth S. miRNA Modulation of Adiponectin Receptor 2 in Myocardium of Patients with End-Stage Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
40
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Weis F, Ledderose C, Kaczmarek I, Beiras A, Kreth S. Modulation of adiponectin receptor 2 through MiRNA150 in the myocardium of patients with end-stage heart failure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1332599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
41
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Weis F, Rothkopf J, Kaczmarek I, Ledderose C, Dick A, Keller T, Beiras A, Kreth S. Local expression of myocardial galectin-3 does not correlate with its serum levels in patients undergoing heart transplantation. Ann Transplant 2013; 18:643-50. [DOI: 10.12659/aot.889396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Weis
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Rothkopf
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kaczmarek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Ledderose
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Dick
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Till Keller
- Department of Cardiology, JW Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andres Beiras
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
In the recent past, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained significant attention as potent regulators of gene expression. These small noncoding RNA molecules are currently of major interest when investigating regulatory circuits of the cell. After identification of potential miRNA-target gene interactions (e.g., using computational algorithms), biomolecular validation is necessary. In the current chapter, we present a protocol for validation of an miRNA target interaction implying cloning of a dual-luciferase miRNA target expression vector, transfection of cells with this vector and a precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), and the subsequent luciferase assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Heyn
- Clinic of Anesthesiology, Clinic of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Möhnle P, Ledderose C, Briegel J, Kreth S. Corticosteroid resistance in sepsis is influenced by microRNA-124-induced downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor-α. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3504900 DOI: 10.1186/cc11786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
44
|
Ledderose C, Kreth S, Beiras-Fernandez A. Ghrelin, a novel peptide hormone in the regulation of energy balance and cardiovascular function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:1-6. [PMID: 22074572 DOI: 10.2174/187221411794351897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a peptide hormone predominantly produced by the stomach, is a potent stimulator of growth hormone release, food intake and weight gain. Besides its functions in regulating energy homeostasis, ghrelin has pronounced cardioprotective effects and was shown to improve cardiac performance in chronic heart failure (CHF). The multifunctional nature of ghrelin makes it an interesting pharmacological target for various diseases. Inhibition of ghrelin could be a promising approach in obesity-related disorders, while an enhancement of the ghrelin response is considered beneficial in several pathologic conditions marked by malnutrition, wasting and cachexia, including CHF, cancer, chronic pulmonary disease or chronic infections. In particular, patients suffering from CHF could possibly benefit from ghrelin based compounds that do not only help to reverse cardiac cachexia - by inducing a positive energy balance - but also enhance the direct cardioprotective effects of ghrelin. This review highlights the role of ghrelin in the regulation of energy balance and cardiovascular function and summarizes the most recent patents, developments and strategies in ghrelin-based pharmacotherapy for the treatment of pathologic conditions associated with obesity, cachexia or cardiovascular dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carola Ledderose
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Beiras-Fernandez A, Rothkopf J, Reinwand S, Kaczmarek I, Kreth S, Weis F. 190 Local Expression of Myocardial Galectin-3 Does Not Correlate with Its Serum Levels in Patients Undergoing Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
46
|
Rothkopf J, Weis F, Kaczmarek I, Kreth S, Beiras-Fernandez A. 191 Modulation of the Myocardial Expression of Neuregulin-1 and Its Receptor ErbB4 in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
47
|
Heyn J, Hinske C, Möhnle P, Luchting B, Beiras-Fernandez A, Kreth S. MicroRNAs as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2012; 9:733-40. [PMID: 21619546 DOI: 10.2174/157016111797484143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In spite of enormous efforts, myocardial infarction is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathological myocardial alterations in affected patients are not fully elucidated. Recent studies have uncovered an important regulatory role for microRNAs (miRNAs), a family of small non-coding RNA molecules which - by translational repression or messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation - primarily act as negative regulators of gene expression. MiRNAs have been identified as regulatory key players during cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Recent work has unveiled an important impact of miRNAs on the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction and consecutive myocardial alterations, including arrhythmia, remodelling processes, cardiac fibrosis, and hypertrophia. Additionally, specific miRNAs have been identified to be either elevated or decreased in the blood plasma after myocardial infarction. Determination of miRNA expression levels therefore offers a potential prognostic and/or predictive value. Future therapeutic concepts aiming at attenuation of ischemia-induced harm and reduction of maladaptive changes may include strategies to influence altered miRNA expression patterns. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the modulating role of miRNAs in pathological alterations occurring in myocardial infarction as well as currently available data concerning miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Heyn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Rothkopf J, Reinwand S, Kreth S, Weis F, Dick A, Kaczmarek I, Beiras-Fernandez A. Expression of myocardial Galectin-3 does not correlate with its serum levels in patients with chronic heart failure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
49
|
Prithviraj GK, Sommers SR, Jump RL, Halmos B, Chambless LB, Parker SL, Hassam-Malani L, McGirt MJ, Thompson RC, Chambless LB, Parker SL, Hassam-Malani L, McGirt MJ, Thompson RC, Hunter K, Chamberlain MC, Le EM, Lee ELT, Chamberlain MC, Sadighi ZS, Pearlman ML, Slopis JM, Vats TS, Khatua S, DeVito NC, Yu M, Chen R, Pan E, Cloughesy T, Raizer J, Drappatz J, Gerena-Lewis M, Rogerio J, Yacoub S, Desjardin A, Groves MD, DeGroot J, Loghin M, Conrad CA, Hess K, Ni J, Ictech S, Hunter K, Yung WA, Porter AB, Dueck AC, Karlin NJ, Chamberlain MC, Olson J, Silber J, Reiner AS, Panageas KS, Iwamoto FM, Cloughesy TF, Aldape KD, Rivera AL, Eichler AF, Louis DN, Paleologos NA, Fisher BJ, Ashby LS, Cairncross JG, Roldan GB, Wen PY, Ligon KL, Shiff D, Robins HI, Rocque BG, Chamberlain MC, Mason WP, Weaver SA, Green RM, Kamar FG, Abrey LE, DeAngelis LM, Jhanwar SC, Rosenblum MK, Lassman AB, Cachia D, Alderson L, Moser R, Smith T, Yunus S, Saito K, Mukasa A, Narita Y, Tabei Y, Shinoura N, Shibui S, Saito N, Flechl B, Ackerl M, Sax C, Dieckmann K, Crevenna R, Widhalm G, Preusser M, Marosi C, Marosi C, Ay C, Preusser M, Dunkler D, Widhalm G, Pabinger I, Dieckmann K, Zielinski C, Belongia M, Jogal S, Schlingensiepen KH, Bogdahn U, Stockhammer G, Mahapatra AK, Venkataramana NK, Oliushine V, Parfenov V, Poverennova I, Hau P, Jachimczak P, Heinrichs H, Mammoser AG, Shonka NA, de Groot JF, Shibahara I, Sonoda Y, Kumabe T, Saito R, Kanamori M, Yamashita Y, Watanabe M, Ishioka C, Tominaga T, Silvani A, Gaviani P, Lamperti E, Botturi A, DiMeco F, Broggi G, Fariselli L, Solero CL, Salmaggi A, Green RM, Woyshner EA, Cloughesy TF, Shu F, Oh YS, Iganej S, Singh G, Vemuri SL, Theeler BJ, Ellezam B, Gilbert MR, Aoki T, Kobayashi H, Takano S, Nishikawa R, Shinoura N, Nagane M, Narita Y, Muragaki Y, Sugiyama K, Kuratsu J, Matsutani M, Sadighi ZS, Khatua S, Langford LA, Puduvalli VK, Shen D, Chen ZP, Zhang JP, Chen ZP, Bedekar D, Rand S, Connelly J, Malkin M, Paulson E, Mueller W, Schmainda K, Gallego O, Benavides M, Segura PP, Balana C, Gil M, Berrocal A, Reynes G, Garcia JL, Murata P, Bague S, Quintana MJ, Vasishta VG, Nagane M, Kobayashi K, Tanaka M, Tsuchiya K, Shiokawa Y, Bavle AA, Ayyanar K, Puduvalli VK, Prado MP, Hess KR, Hunter K, Ictech S, Groves MD, Gilbert MR, Liu V, Conrad CA, de Groot J, Loghin ME, Colman H, Levin VA, Alfred Yung WK, Hackney JR, Palmer CA, Markert JM, Cure J, Riley KO, Fathallah-Shaykh H, Nabors LB, Saria MG, Corle C, Hu J, Rudnick J, Phuphanich S, Mrugala MM, Lee LK, Fu BD, Bota DA, Kim RY, Brown T, Feely H, Hu A, Drappatz J, Wen PY, Lee JW, Carter B, Kesari S, Fu BD, Kong XT, Bota DA, Fu BD, Bota DA, Sparagana S, Belousova E, Jozwiak S, Korf B, Frost M, Kuperman R, Kohrman M, Witt O, Wu J, Flamini R, Jansen A, Curtalolo P, Thiele E, Whittemore V, De Vries P, Ford J, Shah G, Cauwel H, Edrich P, Sahmoud T, Franz D, Khasraw M, Brown C, Ashley DM, Rosenthal MA, Jiang X, Mou YG, Chen ZP, Oh M, kim E, Chang J, Juratli TA, Kirsch M, Schackert G, Krex D, Gilbert MR, Wang M, Aldape KD, Stupp R, Hegi M, Jaeckle KA, Armstrong TS, Wefel JS, Won M, Blumenthal DT, Mahajan A, Schultz CJ, Erridge SC, Brown PD, Chakravarti A, Curran WJ, Mehta MP, Hofland KF, Hansen S, Sorensen M, Schultz H, Muhic A, Engelholm S, Ask A, Kristiansen C, Thomsen C, Poulsen HS, Lassen UN, Zalatimo O, Weston C, Zoccoli C, Glantz M, Rahmanuddin S, Shiroishi MS, Cen SY, Jones J, Chen T, Pagnini P, Go J, Lerner A, Gomez J, Law M, Ram Z, Wong ET, Gutin PH, Bobola MS, Alnoor M, Silbergeld DL, Rostomily RC, Chamberlain MC, Silber JR, Martha N, Jacqueline S, Thaddaus G, Daniel P, Hans M, Armin M, Eugen T, Gunther S, Hutterer M, Tseng HM, Zoccoli CM, Glantz M, Zalatimo O, Patel A, Rizzo K, Sheehan JM, Sumrall AL, Vredenburgh JJ, Desjardins A, Reardon DA, Friiedman HS, Peters KB, Taylor LP, Stewart M, Blondin NA, Baehring JM, Foote T, Laack N, Call J, Hamilton MG, Walling S, Eliasziw M, Easaw J, Shirsat NV, Kundar R, Gokhale A, Goel A, Moiyadi AA, Wang J, Mutlu E, Oyan A, Yan T, Tsinkalovsky O, Jacobsen HK, Talasila KM, Sleire L, Pettersen K, Miletic H, Andersen S, Mitra S, Weissman I, Li X, Kalland KH, Enger PO, Sepulveda J, Belda C, Balana C, Segura PP, Reynes G, Gil M, Gallego O, Berrocal A, Blumenthal DT, Sitt R, Phishniak L, Bokstein F, Philippe M, Carole C, Andre MDP, Marylin B, Olivier C, L'Houcine O, Dominique FB, Philippe M, Isabelle NM, Olivier C, Frederic F, Stephane F, Henry D, Marylin B, L'Houcine O, Dominique FB, Errico MA, Kunschner LJ, Errico MA, Kunschner LJ, Soffietti R, Trevisan E, Ruda R, Bertero L, Bosa C, Fabrini MG, Lolli I, Jalali R, Julka PK, Anand AK, Bhavsar D, Singhal N, Naik R, John S, Mathew BS, Thaipisuttikul I, Graber J, DeAngelis LM, Shirinian M, Fontebasso AM, Jacob K, Gerges N, Montpetit A, Nantel A, Albrecht S, Jabado N, Mammoser AG, Shah K, Conrad CA, Di K, Linskey M, Bota DA, Thon N, Eigenbrod S, Kreth S, Lutz J, Tonn JC, Kretzschmar H, Peraud A, Kreth FW, Muggeri AD, Alderuccio JP, Diez BD, Jiang P, Chao Y, Gallagher M, Kim R, Pastorino S, Fogal V, Kesari S, Rudnick JD, Bresee C, Rogatko A, Sakowsky S, Franco M, Hu J, Lim S, Lopez A, Yu L, Ryback K, Tsang V, Lill M, Steinberg A, Sheth R, Grimm S, Helenowski I, Rademaker A, Raizer J, Nunes FP, Merker V, Jennings D, Caruso P, Muzikansky A, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Plotkin S, Spalding AC, Vitaz TW, Sun DA, Parsons S, Welch MR, Omuro A, DeAngelis LM, Omuro A, Beal K, Correa D, Chan T, DeAngelis L, Gavrilovic I, Nolan C, Hormigo A, Lassman AB, Kaley T, Mellinghoff I, Grommes C, Panageas K, Reiner A, Barradas R, Abrey L, Gutin P, Lee SY, Slagle-Webb B, Glantz MJ, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Schlimper CA, Schlag H, Stoffels G, Weber F, Krueger DA, Care MM, Holland K, Agricola K, Tudor C, Byars A, Sahmoud T, Franz DN, Raizer J, Rice L, Rademaker A, Chandler J, Levy R, Muro K, Grimm S, Nayak L, Iwamoto FM, Rudnick JD, Norden AD, Omuro A, Kaley TJ, Thomas AA, Fadul CE, Meyer LP, Lallana EC, Colman H, Gilbert M, Alfred Yung WK, Aldape K, De Groot J, Conrad C, Levin V, Groves M, Loghin M, Chris P, Puduvalli V, Nagpal S, Feroze A, Recht L, Rangarajan HG, Kieran MW, Scott RM, Lew SM, Firat SY, Segura AD, Jogal SA, Kumthekar PU, Grimm SA, Avram M, Patel J, Kaklamani V, McCarthy K, Cianfrocca M, Gradishar W, Mulcahy M, Von Roenn J, Helenowski I, Rademaker A, Raizer J, Galanis E, Anderson SK, Lafky JM, Kaufmann TJ, Uhm JH, Giannini C, Kumar SK, Northfelt DW, Flynn PJ, Jaeckle KA, Buckner JC, Omar AI, Panageas KS, Iwamoto FM, Cloughesy TF, Aldape KD, Rivera AL, Eichler AF, Louis DN, Paleologos NA, Fisher BJ, Ashby LS, Cairncross JG, Roldan GB, Wen PY, Ligon KL, Schiff D, Robins HI, Rocque BG, Chamberlain MC, Mason WP, Weaver SA, Green RM, Kamar FG, Abrey LE, DeAngelis LM, Jhanwar SC, Rosenblum MK, Lassman AB, Delios A, Jakubowski A, DeAngelis L, Grommes C, Lassman AB, Theeler BJ, Melguizo-Gavilanes I, Shonka NA, Qiao W, Wang X, Mahajan A, Puduvalli V, Hashemi-Sadraei N, Bawa H, Rahmathulla G, Patel M, Elson P, Stevens G, Peereboom D, Vogelbaum M, Weil R, Barnett G, Ahluwalia MS, Alvord EC, Rockne RC, Rockhill JK, Mrugala MM, Rostomily R, Lai A, Cloughesy T, Wardlaw J, Spence AM, Swanson KR, Zadeh G, Alahmadi H, Wilson J, Gentili F, Lassman AB, Wang M, Gilbert MR, Aldape KD, Beumer JJ, Wright J, Takebe N, Puduvalli VK, Hormigo A, Gaur R, Werner-Wasik M, Mehta MP, Gupta AJ, Campos-Gines A, Le K, Arango C, Richards M, Landeros M, Juan H, Chang JH, Kim JS, Cho JH, Seo CO, Baldock AL, Rockne R, Canoll P, Born D, Yagle K, Swanson KR, Alexandru D, Bota D, Linskey ME, Nabeel S, Raval SN, Raizer J, Grimm S, Rice L, Rosenow J, Levy R, Bredel M, Chandler J, New PZ, Plotkin SR, Supko JG, Curry WT, Chi AS, Gerstner ER, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Batchelor TT, Ahluwalia MS, Hashemi N, Rahmathulla G, Patel M, Chao ST, Peereboom D, Weil RJ, Suh JH, Vogelbaum MA, Stevens GH, Barnett GH, Corwin D, Holdsworth C, Stewart R, Rockne R, Swanson K, Graber JJ, Kaley T, Rockne RC, Anderson AR, Swanson KR, Jeyapalan S, Goldman M, Boxerman J, Donahue J, Elinzano H, Evans D, O'Connor B, Puthawala MY, Oyelese A, Cielo D, Blitstein M, Dargush M, Santaniello A, Constantinou M, DiPetrillo T, Safran H, Plotkin SR, Halpin C, Merker V, Barker FG, Maher EA, Ganji S, DeBerardinis R, Hatanpaa K, Rakheja D, Yang XL, Mashimo T, Raisanen J, Madden C, Mickey B, Malloy C, Bachoo R, Choi C, Ranjan T, Yono N, Zalatimo O, Zoccoli C, Glantz M, Han SJ, Sun M, Berger MS, Aghi M, Gupta N, Parsa AT. MEDICAL AND NEURO-ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
50
|
Thon N, Eigenbrod S, Kreth S, Lutz J, Tonn JC, Kretzschmar H, Peraud A, Kreth FW. IDH1 mutations in grade II astrocytomas are associated with unfavorable progression-free survival and prolonged postrecurrence survival. Cancer 2011; 118:452-60. [PMID: 21717448 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The favorable prognostic impact of mutations in the IDH1 gene is well documented for malignant gliomas; its influence on World Health Organization (WHO) grade II astrocytomas, however, is still under debate. METHODS A previously published database of 127 predominantly surgically treated patients harboring WHO grade II astrocytomas was revisited. Patients were screened for TP53 mutations (sequencing analysis), IDH1 mutations (pyrosequencing), and MGMT promoter methylation (methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing). Endpoints were overall survival, progression-free survival (PFS), time to malignant transformation, and postrecurrence survival. Radiotherapy was usually withheld until tumor progression/malignant transformation occurred. RESULTS IDH1 mutations, TP53 mutations, and methylated MGMT promoters were seen in 78.1%, 51.2%, and 80.0% of the analyzed tumors, respectively. IDH1 mutations, which were significantly associated with TP53 mutations and/or MGMT promoter methylation (P < .001), resulted in shortened PFS (median, 47 vs 84 months; P = .004); postrecurrence survival, however, was significantly increased in those patients undergoing malignant transformation (median, 49 vs 13.5 months; P = .006). Overall survival was not affected by IDH1. A similar pattern of influence was seen for MGMT promoter methylation. Methylated tumors did significantly worse (better) in terms of PFS (postrecurrence survival); a low number of unmethylated tumors, however, limited the power of this analysis. Conversely, TP53 mutations were stringently associated with a worse prognosis throughout the course of the disease. CONCLUSIONS IDH1 mutations are associated with a Janus headlike phenomenon; unfavorable prognostic influence on PFS turns into favorable impact on postrecurrence survival. A similar pattern of influence might exist for MGMT methylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|