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Emery-Corbin SJ, Yousef JM, Adhikari S, Sumardy F, Nhu D, van Delft MF, Lessene G, Dziekan J, Webb AI, Dagley LF. Improved drug target deconvolution with PISA-DIA using an extended, overlapping temperature gradient. Proteomics 2024:e2300644. [PMID: 38766901 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) is a powerful tool for drug target deconvolution. Recently, data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) approaches have demonstrated significant improvements to depth and missingness in proteome data, but traditional TPP (a.k.a. CEllular Thermal Shift Assay "CETSA") workflows typically employ multiplexing reagents reliant on data-dependent acquisition (DDA). Herein, we introduce a new experimental design for the Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration via label-free DIA approach (PISA-DIA). We highlight the proteome coverage and sensitivity achieved by using multiple overlapping thermal gradients alongside DIA-MS, which maximizes efficiencies in PISA sample concatenation and safeguards against missing protein targets that exist at high melting temperatures. We demonstrate our extended PISA-DIA design has superior proteome coverage as compared to using tandem-mass tags (TMT) necessitating DDA-MS analysis. Importantly, we demonstrate our PISA-DIA approach has the quantitative and statistical rigor using A-1331852, a specific inhibitor of BCL-xL. Due to the high melt temperature of this protein target, we utilized our extended multiple gradient PISA-DIA workflow to identify BCL-xL. We assert our novel overlapping gradient PISA-DIA-MS approach is ideal for unbiased drug target deconvolution, spanning a large temperature range whilst minimizing target dropout between gradients, increasing the likelihood of resolving the protein targets of novel compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Emery-Corbin
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jumana M Yousef
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fransisca Sumardy
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ACRF Chemical Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Duong Nhu
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ACRF Chemical Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark F van Delft
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guillaume Lessene
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ACRF Chemical Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jerzy Dziekan
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew I Webb
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura F Dagley
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Barbhuiya MH, Cassak PA, Adhikari S, Parashar TN, Liang H, Argall MR. Higher-order nonequilibrium term: Effective power density quantifying evolution towards or away from local thermodynamic equilibrium. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:015205. [PMID: 38366463 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.015205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
A common approach to assess the nature of energy conversion in a classical fluid or plasma is to compare power densities of the various possible energy conversion mechanisms. A leading research area is quantifying energy conversion for systems that are not in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), as is common in a number of fluid and plasma systems. Here we introduce the "higher-order nonequilibrium term" (HORNET) effective power density, which quantifies the rate of change of departure of a phase space density from LTE. It has dimensions of power density, which allows for quantitative comparisons with standard power densities. We employ particle-in-cell simulations to calculate HORNET during two processes, magnetic reconnection and decaying kinetic turbulence in collisionless magnetized plasmas, that inherently produce non-LTE effects. We investigate the spatial variation of HORNET and the time evolution of its spatial average. By comparing HORNET with power densities describing changes to the internal energy (pressure dilatation, Pi-D, and divergence of the vector heat flux density), we find that HORNET can be a significant fraction of these other measures (8% and 35% for electrons and ions, respectively, for reconnection; up to 67% for both electrons and ions for turbulence), meaning evolution of the system towards or away from LTE can be dynamically important. Applications to numerous plasma phenomena are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hasan Barbhuiya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Paul A Cassak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Tulasi N Parashar
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Gate 7, Kelburn Parade, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Haoming Liang
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Matthew R Argall
- Space Science Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space and University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
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3
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Shi P, Scime EE, Barbhuiya MH, Cassak PA, Adhikari S, Swisdak M, Stawarz JE. Using Direct Laboratory Measurements of Electron Temperature Anisotropy to Identify the Heating Mechanism in Electron-Only Guide Field Magnetic Reconnection. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:155101. [PMID: 37897764 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.155101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic electron heating during electron-only magnetic reconnection with a large guide magnetic field is directly measured in a laboratory plasma through in situ measurements of electron velocity distribution functions. Electron heating preferentially parallel to the magnetic field is localized to one separatrix, and anisotropies of 1.5 are measured. The mechanism for electron energization is identified as the parallel reconnection electric field because of the anisotropic nature of the heating and spatial localization. These characteristics are reproduced in a 2D particle-in-cell simulation and are also consistent with numerous magnetosheath observations. A measured increase in the perpendicular temperature along both separatrices is not reproduced by our 2D simulations. This work has implications for energy partition studies in magnetosheath and laboratory reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08542, USA
| | - Earl E Scime
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - M Hasan Barbhuiya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Paul A Cassak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - M Swisdak
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Julia E Stawarz
- Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
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Adhikari S, Mandal RN, Paul BN, Hoque F, Das A, Hussan A, Chattopadhyay DN, Chakrabarti PP, Saha GS, Sahoo PK. Environmental Consequences of Intensive Aquaculture Practices at Moyna Purba Medinipur West Bengal India with Special Reference to Carbon Footprint and Carbon Sequestration. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 111:44. [PMID: 37715801 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Moyna of Purba Medinipur district is widely known as an aquaculture hub of West Bengal, India. Though very good production is achievable from this fish culture system, management practices are inappropriate, which could create the sustainability problem of this culture system. The present study was thus undertaken for the estimation of plankton population, water quality, carbon footprint and carbon sequestration of this intensive aquaculture practices. Information on spawn to fry, fry to fingerlings and grow-out culture were collected through the structured questionnaire from the fish farmers. The plankton density, primary productivity, carbon footprint and carbon sequestration were analyzed using standard procedures. The phytoplankton, zooplankton and primary productivity were maximum at the stocking period and minimum during the middle of culture period. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was noticed with the minimum amount of feed applied in the pond. The CO2-e emission ranged from 0.56 to 4.89 kg CO2-e/kg fish (av. 2.13) for the production levels of 5.0 to 10.7 t/ha/yr. The pond water developed salinity and ammonium-N increased from 0.01 to 0.50 mg/l. The ponds with high feed loading (28 to 32 t/ha/yr) had the highest average sediment accumulation rate (11.0 ± 3.0 cm/yr) and carbon sequestration (704 ± 30 g C/m2/yr).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adhikari
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India.
| | - R N Mandal
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | - B N Paul
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | - F Hoque
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | - A Das
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | - A Hussan
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | | | - P P Chakrabarti
- Regional Research center, ICAR-CIFA, Rahara, Kolkata, 700118, India
| | - G S Saha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751 002, India
| | - P K Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751 002, India
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Adhikari S, Li J, Wang Y, Ruijs L, Liu J, Koopmans B, Orrit M, Lavrijsen R. Optical Monitoring of the Magnetization Switching of Single Synthetic-Antiferromagnetic Nanoplatelets with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy. ACS Photonics 2023; 10:1512-1518. [PMID: 37215319 PMCID: PMC10197163 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic antiferromagnetic nanoplatelets (NPs) with a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (SAF-PMA NPs) have a large potential in future local mechanical torque-transfer applications for e.g., biomedicine. However, the mechanisms of magnetization switching of these structures at the nanoscale are not well understood. Here, we have used a simple and relatively fast single-particle optical technique that goes beyond the diffraction limit to measure photothermal magnetic circular dichroism (PT MCD). This allows us to study the magnetization switching as a function of applied magnetic field of single 122 nm diameter SAF-PMA NPs with a thickness of 15 nm. We extract and discuss the differences between the switching field distributions of large ensembles of NPs and of single NPs. In particular, single-particle PT MCD allows us to address the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the magnetic switching fields of the NPs at the single-particle level. We expect this new insight to help understand better the dynamic torque transfer, e.g., in biomedical and microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J. Li
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Y. Wang
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
- School
of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - L. Ruijs
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - J. Liu
- School
of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - B. Koopmans
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M. Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R. Lavrijsen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Adhikari NP, Adhikari S. First report on the bacterial community composition, diversity, and functions in Ramsar site of Central Himalayas, Nepal. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:573. [PMID: 37060391 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Wetland bacterial communities are highly sensitive to altered hydrology and the associated change in water physicochemical and biological properties leading to shifts in community composition and diversity, hence affecting the ecological roles. However, relevant studies are lacking in the wetlands of central Himalayas Nepal. Thus, we aimed to explore the variation of bacterial communities, diversity, and ecologic functions in the wet and dry periods of a wetland (designed as Ramsar site, Ramsar no 2257) by using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We reported a pronounced variation in water physicochemical and biological properties (temperature, pH, Chla, DOC, and TN), bacterial diversity, and community composition. Bacterial communities in the dry season harbored significantly higher alpha diversity, while significantly higher richness and abundance were reflected in the wet season. Our results uncovered the effect of nutrients on bacterial abundance, richness, and community composition. Fourteen percent of the total OTUs were shared in two hydrological periods, and the largest portion of unique OTUs (58%) was observed in the dry season. Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes dominated the wet season exclusive OTUs; meanwhile, Actinobacteria dominated the dry season exclusive OTUs. Bacteria in these wetlands exhibited divergent ecological functions during the dry and wet seasons. By disclosing the variation of water bacterial communities in different hydrologic periods and their relationship with environmental factors, this first-hand work in the Ramsar site of Nepal will develop a baseline dataset for the scientific community that will assist in understanding the wetland's microbial ecology and biogeography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Paudel Adhikari
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Policy and Planning Commission, Government of Gandaki Province, Pokhara, 33700, Nepal.
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Rende U, Ahn SB, Adhikari S, Moh ESX, Pollock CA, Saad S, Guller A. Deciphering the Kidney Matrisome: Identification and Quantification of Renal Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Healthy Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032827. [PMID: 36769148 PMCID: PMC9917693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise characterization of a tissue's extracellular matrix (ECM) protein composition (matrisome) is essential for biomedicine. However, ECM protein extraction that requires organ-specific optimization is still a major limiting factor in matrisome studies. In particular, the matrisome of mouse kidneys is still understudied, despite mouse models being crucial for renal research. Here, we comprehensively characterized the matrisome of kidneys in healthy C57BL/6 mice using two ECM extraction methods in combination with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), protein identification, and label-free quantification (LFQ) using MaxQuant. We identified 113 matrisome proteins, including 22 proteins that have not been previously listed in the Matrisome Database. Depending on the extraction approach, the core matrisome (structural proteins) comprised 45% or 73% of kidney ECM proteins, and was dominated by glycoproteins, followed by collagens and proteoglycans. Among matrisome-associated proteins, ECM regulators had the highest LFQ intensities, followed by ECM-affiliated proteins and secreted factors. The identified kidney ECM proteins were primarily involved in cellular, developmental and metabolic processes, as well as in molecular binding and regulation of catalytic and structural molecules' activity. We also performed in silico comparative analysis of the kidney matrisome composition in humans and mice based on publicly available data. These results contribute to the first reference database for the mouse renal matrisome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Rende
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Seong Beom Ahn
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Edward S. X. Moh
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Department of Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Department of Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Anna Guller
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Guleria A, Aishwarya J, Kunwar A, Neogy S, Debnath AK, Rath MC, Adhikari S, Tyagi AK. Solvated electron-induced synthesis of cyclodextrin-coated Pd nanoparticles: mechanistic, catalytic, and anticancer studies. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1036-1051. [PMID: 36602081 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, using in situ generated solvated electrons in the reaction media, a highly time-efficient, one-pot green approach has been employed to synthesize palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with a molecular assembly of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD). The appearance of a shoulder peak at 280 nm in the UV-Vis absorption spectra indicated the formation of Pd NPs, which was further confirmed from their cubic phase XRD pattern. The nanomorphology varied considerably as a function of the dose rate, wherein sphere-shaped NPs (average size ∼ 7.6 nm) were formed in the case of high dose rate electron-beam assisted synthesis, while nanoflakes self-assembled to form nanoflower-shaped morphologies in a γ-ray mediated approach involving a low dose rate. The formation kinetics of NPs was investigated by pulse radiolysis which revealed the formation of Pd-based transients by the solvated electron-induced reaction. Importantly, no interference of α-CD was observed in the kinetics of the transient species, rather it played the role of a morphology directing agent in addition to a biocompatible stabilizing agent. The catalytic studies revealed that the morphology of the NPs has a significant effect on the reduction efficiency of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Another important highlight of this work is the demonstration of the morphology-dependent anticancer efficacy of Pd NPs against lung and brain cancer cells. Notably, flower-shaped Pd NPs exhibited significantly higher cancer cell killing as compared to spherical NPs, while being less toxic towards normal lung fibroblasts. Nonetheless, these findings show the promising potential of Pd NPs in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guleria
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - J Aishwarya
- ACTREC (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - S Neogy
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A K Debnath
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - M C Rath
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - S Adhikari
- Scientific Information Resource Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
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Adhikari S, Zeng C, Zhang F, Paudel Adhikari N, Gao J, Ahmed N, Quaiyum Bhuiyan MA, Ahsan MA, Rahaman Khan MH. Atmospheric wet deposition of trace elements in Bangladesh: A new insight into spatiotemporal variability and source apportionment. Environ Res 2023; 217:114729. [PMID: 36343718 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between water vapor and natural/anthropogenic airborne particles deposits a massive amount of trace elements in the ecosystem. As the principal source region of the Indian monsoon originated from the Bay of Bengal, atmospheric trace elements in Bangladesh have impacted atmospheric wet deposition along the pathway, even reaching the headwaters in the Asian water tower. However, no study reports the atmospheric wet deposition of trace elements at the spatiotemporal scale. Thus, this study investigated the concentration, sources, and deposition of eighteen trace elements (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, and Pb) from 232 precipitation samples at four sites in Bangladesh. Results showed that the VWM concentrations of the eighteen measured trace elements ranged from 0.03 to 535.6 μg L-1. Zn, Fe, and Al were the principal elements of the atmosphere at four sites with mean values of 207.9 ± 227.8, 18.2 ± 9.3, and 16.3 ± 6.8 μg L-1, respectively. Besides, the eighteen trace elements showed significant variation in spatial scale with distinct seasonality. Enrichment factors of Zn, Sb, and Cd indicated serious anthropogenic influences. The major sources of trace elements were fossil fuel combustion, brick kilns, crustal dust, fugitive Pb, metal smelters, and battery recycling. Both the concentration and precipitation amount played a pivotal role in the deposition. Most of the air masses during the monsoon season came from marine sources passing over southern India and Sri Lanka. Meanwhile, the air masses during the non-monsoon season were from West Asia and the northwestern Indian subcontinent. The air masses are transported over a long range and deposit massive amounts of particulate matter in the Third Pole Himalayan region. This first-hand work on spatiotemporal variation provides a reference dataset for future targeting of the scientific community and policymakers for the development of strategies and action plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Adhikari
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Policy and Planning Commission, Gandaki Province, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
| | - Chen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Namita Paudel Adhikari
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nasir Ahmed
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar 1340, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Quaiyum Bhuiyan
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar 1340, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ariful Ahsan
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar 1340, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hafijur Rahaman Khan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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Brzycki R, Groy T, Tsung J, Adhikari S. 124 Utility of Point-of-Care Ocular Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Periorbital and Orbital Infections. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Regmee P, Adhikari S, Sulu S, Rimal J, Maharjan IK. Incidence and Pattern of Patient-Perceived Oral Medicine Emergencies during Lockdown: Experience of Tertiary Health Care Centre of Eastern Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:514-517. [PMID: 37795734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background There has been a significant drop in the number of patients seeking oral medicine care during the lockdown period. Objective To find the incidence and pattern of patient perceived oral medicine emergencies in the tertiary healthcare centre of eastern Nepal, during the lockdown period. Method The clinical profile of patients seeking oral medicine care between 30th April 2021 to 25th June 2021 (period of strict lockdown in Sunsari district) was recorded. Data were recorded in an excel sheet and transferred to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 11.5. Frequency and proportion were calculated. Result During the lockdown, 300 patients had visited the hospital with different oral diseases seeking the care of an oral physician. The average number of patients seeking oral medicine care per day was approximately six. Of the total patients, 110 patients had pain as their chief complaint, 48 had wound and 34 had a burning sensation in the mouth. Among them 82% perceived their complaint as an emergency. The provisional diagnosis was temporomandibular disorders in 40 patients, trigeminal neuralgia in 38 patients and 34 had carcinoma. Conclusion Patients seeking oral medicine care during the lockdown period had decreased by about one-third. Pertaining to oral medicine, pain in any orofacial area was the most common patient perceived emergency condition followed by wound and burning sensation. Maximum number of patients visiting the department perceived their complain as an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Regmee
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Sulu
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - J Rimal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - I K Maharjan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Prasad JN, Adhikari S, Singh SN, Subedi A, Thapa P, Guddy KM, Sarraf DP. Study of Two Different Volumes of 0.75% Ropivacaine for Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block on Successful Blockade and Diaphragmatic Motility. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:406-411. [PMID: 37795713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Use of ultrasound guidance during supraclavicular brachial plexus block allows the usage of a lower anesthetics dose and minimizing unwanted effects of the anesthesia. Objective To compare the success of sensory blockade and the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic dysfunction in patients receiving two different volume of 0.75% Ropivacaine for ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Method A prospective randomized double-blinded comparative study was conducted. Group A patients (n=30) received 20 ml and Group B (n=30) received 25 ml of 0.75% Ropivacaine for ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Hemodynamic parameters, oxygen saturation, diaphragmatic excursion, onset of sensory blockade and time for completion of blockade were measured. Independent t-test, Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data at p value of less than 0.05 using Statistical Package for Social sciences (version 11.5). Result At 30 minutes, 29 (96.67%) patients in group B and 27 (90.0%) patients in group A had no sensation in median, radial, ulnar, musculocutaneous and medial cutaneous nerves teritories; however, it was not significant statistically (p value > 0.05). At 30 minutes in Group A, 25 (83.33%) patients had no diaphragmatic hemiparesis and five (16.67%) patients had partial diaphragmatic hemiparesis. However, three (10%) patients had no diaphragmatic hemiparesis in Group B, 25 (83.33%) patients had partial and two (6.67%) patients had complete diaphragmatic hemiparesis and it was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Age and sex had no effect on diaphragmatic hemiparesis in both groups (p value > 0.05). Conclusion The patients receiving lower volume of Ropivacaine had less incidence of hemidiaphragmatic dysfunction with similar sensory blockade as compared to the patients receiving higher volume of Ropivacaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Prasad
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Mechi Zonal Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | - S N Singh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - A Subedi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - P Thapa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - K M Guddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Golden Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | - D P Sarraf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Sharma SK, Adhikari S, Shah N, Aebischer Perone S, Lab B, Heller O, Chappuis F. Familial hypercholesterolemia in community-based KHDC Nepal program-baseline data. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): HUG and Republic and Canton of Geneva – Service de solidarité internationaleBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is either underdiagnosed or diagnosed after primary coronary events. Although homozygous variant of FH is considered rare, heterozygous FH is estimated to occur in about 1 in 200 to 300 individuals. There is no study pertaining to prevalence of FH in Nepal which could be a factor influencing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
We present a baseline data of FH in an ongoing in participants of community-based cardiovascular and kidney diseases preventive (KHDC Nepal) program in Mechinagar municipality in Eastern Nepal.
KHDC is a program to collaborate among health post, primary health center or equivalent, and local government along with community representatives created to educate, screen, and intervene for selective NCDs. This program is in alignment with the World Health Organization’s Package of Essential Noncommunicable (WHO PEN) disease interventions for primary health care in low-resource settings. General health status and lifestyle habits, physical examination, and blood pressure were assessed. Blood tests done included fasting lipid profile, serum creatinine, FBS, and HbA1c. A mechanism was developed to follow-up screened positive persons in the primary health centers. Referrals were made to the tertiary care center as needed.
We analyzed initial 7289 participants, 20 years or above, who were enrolled in KHDC program in the year 2020. We assessed for FH using Dutch Lipid Clinic Network(DLCN), Simon Broome and AHA criteria. Participants were categorized as definite, probable, possible, or no FH based on the scores of DLCN criteria; as definite and probable based on Simon Broome criteria and as clinically diagnosed FH based on AHA criteria.
The median age of the patient was 54 years, the majority being females (62.7%). A total of 70(0.96%) of the participants had elevated LDL-C levels of more than 190mg/dl detected during the screening and had no secondary cause for hyperlipidemia. According to DLCN criteria, 65(0.89%) participants were grouped under possible FH, 5(0.06%) were grouped under probable FH while none of them could be delineated as definite FH. According to Simon Broome criteria, 14(0.2%) participants were grouped under probable and none of them could be delineated as definite. According to AHA criteria, 10 (0.13%) participants were categorized as clinically diagnosed FH. DNA analysis was not available in our setup. Clinically manifested atherosclerotic disease was recorded in 5 participants. None of the participants were aware of the FH.
This community-based program of the adult population help create baseline data of FH in Nepal. Larger study with genetic analysis is likely to reveal true prevalence of FH in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - N Shah
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | | | - B Lab
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O Heller
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Chappuis
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Shrestha A, Shrestha P, Shrestha T, Shrestha RM, Sujakhu D, Dhakal K, Thapa G, Adhikari S, Karki S, Poudel L. Awareness and Knowledge of Glaucoma and their Associated Factors among Staffs in a Tertiary-level Hospital in Central Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:161-165. [PMID: 37017159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Since glaucoma-related blindness may only be prevented with early identification and treatment, finding asymptomatic individuals in the target population is critical. It is thus important to determine the awareness and knowledge on glaucoma. Objective To determine the knowledge and awareness on glaucoma among the staff of a tertiary level hospital in central Nepal. Method This was a cross sectional study among the staffs of Dhulikhel Hospital who participated voluntarily in the study. The data was collected through the administration of semi-structured questionnaires. R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10) was used for the data analysis. Categorical variables are presented as frequency (percentages) and the numerical ones are presented as mean (standard deviation). Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval were estimated through logistic regression analysis for determining factors associated with awareness and knowledge of glaucoma. Result A total of 107 (89.2%) participants had heard about glaucoma of which 93 (86.9%) had good knowledge and 14(13.1%) had poor knowledge on glaucoma. The mean score of knowledge was 64.1±16.9. Only 47.7% of the participants said that glaucoma also has an asymptomatic course. We could not find an association of awareness and knowledge of glaucoma with any of the selected sociodemographic variables. Conclusion Although there was a fairly good glaucoma related awareness and knowledge among hospital staff, we found lack of understanding on some critical issues on glaucoma, mainly related to its asymptomatic nature. There is thus room for improvement in educating about glaucoma even in healthcare settings. Given the necessity of expanding glaucoma awareness in the public, hospital staff might potentially serve as messengers to the communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - T Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - R M Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D Sujakhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - K Dhakal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - G Thapa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Karki
- Department of Public Health and Community, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - L Poudel
- Department of Public Health and Community, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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15
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Diehl S, Kim A, Angelini G, Joo K, Adhikari S, Amaryan M, Arratia M, Atac H, Avakian H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bastami S, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Brooks W, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest T, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu Z, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Moran P, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Nanda S, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Prokudin A, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Roberts CD, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Segarra EP, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tezgin K, Thornton A, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Xu SS, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J. Multidimensional, High Precision Measurements of Beam Single Spin Asymmetries in Semi-inclusive π^{+} Electroproduction off Protons in the Valence Region. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:062005. [PMID: 35213183 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.062005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High precision measurements of the polarized electron beam-spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) from the proton have been performed using a 10.6 GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. We report here a high precision multidimensional study of single π^{+} SIDIS data over a large kinematic range in Bjorken x, fractional energy, and transverse momentum of the hadron as well as photon virtualities Q^{2} ranging from 1-7 GeV^{2}. In particular, the structure function ratio F_{LU}^{sinϕ}/F_{UU} has been determined, where F_{LU}^{sinϕ} is a twist-3 quantity that can reveal novel aspects of emergent hadron mass and quark-gluon correlations within the nucleon. The data's impact on the evolving understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms and their kinematic variation is explored using theoretical models for the different contributing transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Arratia
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Bastami
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-T Brinkmann
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Lu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Moran
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Prokudin
- Science Division, Penn State University Berks, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - C D Roberts
- School of Physics and Institute for Nonperturbative Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Tezgin
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Thornton
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S-S Xu
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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Bishwakarma K, Wang GX, Zhang F, Adhikari S, Karki K, Ghimire A. Hydrochemical characterization and irrigation suitability of the Ganges Brahmaputra River System: review and assessment. J Mt Sci 2022; 19:388-402. [PMID: 35154292 PMCID: PMC8819201 DOI: 10.1007/s11629-021-6834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The hydrochemical characterization and irrigation suitability assessment of the Ganges-Brahmaputra River System (GBRS) has immense importance for the livelihoods of people and ecosystem sustainability in the region. This study aims to assess the hydrochemical characteristics and evaluate the irrigation suitability of water in the GBRS by reviewing published literature of the major tributaries. The studied rivers were categorized into two groups namely Group-1 and Group-2 considering the similarities of climatic patterns, hydrochemical attributes, and drainage characteristics. The hydrochemistry of the river water was characterized by the Piper diagram, Gibbs plot, mixing plots, and ionic ratios. Furthermore, irrigation water qualities were evaluated by electrical conductivity (EC), sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium hazard (MH), and Wilcox diagram. The results indicated that the hydrochemistry of the GBRS was slightly alkaline to alkaline (7.42-8.78) in nature. The average concentrations of most of the chemical attributes showed higher in Group-1, whereas the average concentrations of K+ and NO3 - were found higher in Group-2. The average concentration of the major ions followed the dominancy order Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ for cations and HCO3 - >SO4 2- > Cl- > NO3 - for anions in both groups. Gibbs plot and mixing plot indicated that carbonate rock weathering dominates the hydrochemical process, which was further confirmed by the Piper diagram and the ionic ratios. From the analyses of irrigational water quality, almost all the rivers (except Gomti River in terms of MH and Rangit River in terms of Na%) in the GBRS were found to be suitable based on EC, SAR, Na%, MH, and Wilcox diagram. Finally, the majority of river systems in the GBRS were characterized by carbonate dominated lithology and irrigational water quality is mostly suitable for utilization. This study could be useful for water quality management in the glacial-fed Himalayan river under the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bishwakarma
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Guan-xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Provincial Policy and Planning Commission, Gandaki Province, Pokhara, 33700 Nepal
| | - Kabita Karki
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- Department of Mines and Geology, Kathmandu, 44618 Nepal
| | - Archana Ghimire
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085 China
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Adhikari S, Marcelo-Silva J, Rajakaruna N, Siebert SJ. Influence of land use and topography on distribution and bioaccumulation of potentially toxic metals in soil and plant leaves: A case study from Sekhukhuneland, South Africa. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150659. [PMID: 34597555 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic metal (PTM) enrichment of the soil-plant system in ultramafic and mining regions is a global concern as it affects the food chain. With expanding mining industry, it is important to assess if anthropogenic factors (i.e., land use practices) have a greater influence in this regard compared to natural factors (i.e., topography). Localities in Sekhukhuneland, South Africa, were selected along an altitudinal gradient (i.e., topography: upper slope, footslope, valley and valley bottom) and a land use profile (i.e., rangelands, gardens, tailings and wastelands) to investigate the distribution of Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sr and Zn of natural (i.e., ultramafic geology) and anthropogenic (i.e., mining) origin in surface soil and plant leaf tissue. Plant life form was considered as an additional factor to evaluate PTM accumulation in leaves. Findings revealed a wider distribution range for Cr and Ni in the surface soil. Co, Cu, Mg, Mo, Sr and Zn were accumulated (bioaccumulation factor, BAF > 1) in leaf tissue of 74% of the evaluated plants of which 83% were indigenous. Grasses, forbs, dwarf shrubs and shrubs showed the highest accumulation levels. Despite an observed trend in the distribution of PTMs in soils and plant leaves along the altitudinal gradient, no significant differences were determined among the topographic positions. Land use practices, however, differed significantly indicating anthropogenic interference as a predominant determinant of PTM enrichment of soil-plant systems. Metal tolerant dominant plants in Sekhukhuneland could be classified as metallophytes. Indigenous species, accumulators and excluders, showed prospects for phytoremediation and rehabilitation of metal contaminated sites, respectively. Concentrations of Cr and Co in food and medicinal plant leaves exceeded the international permissible limits, which highlighted the necessity to estimate human health risks for PTMs in metalliferous sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adhikari
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - J Marcelo-Silva
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - N Rajakaruna
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, United States
| | - S J Siebert
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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18
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Adhikari S, Parashar TN, Shay MA, Matthaeus WH, Pyakurel PS, Fordin S, Stawarz JE, Eastwood JP. Energy transfer in reconnection and turbulence. Phys Rev E 2022; 104:065206. [PMID: 35030942 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.065206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Reconnection and turbulence are two of the most commonly observed dynamical processes in plasmas, but their relationship is still not fully understood. Using 2.5D kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of both strong turbulence and reconnection, we compare the cross-scale transfer of energy in the two systems by analyzing the generalization of the von Kármán Howarth equations for Hall magnetohydrodynamics, a formulation that subsumes the third-order law for steady energy transfer rates. Even though the large scale features are quite different, the finding is that the decomposition of the energy transfer is structurally very similar in the two cases. In the reconnection case, the time evolution of the energy transfer also exhibits a correlation with the reconnection rate. These results provide explicit evidence that reconnection dynamics fundamentally involves turbulence-like energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - T N Parashar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.,School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - M A Shay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.,Bartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - W H Matthaeus
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.,Bartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P S Pyakurel
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Fordin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J E Stawarz
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J P Eastwood
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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19
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Shrestha A, Shrestha P, Shrestha T, Shrestha RM, Sujakhu D, Dhakal K, Thapa G, Adhikari S, Karki S, Adhikari B. Awareness and Knowledge of Glaucoma and their Associated Factors among People Visiting a Tertiary Level Hospital in Central Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:56-60. [PMID: 36273292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Glaucoma is one of the major causes of irreversible blindness globally. Almost 60 million people globally are affected by glaucoma making it the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Diagnosis of glaucoma early on is vital for timely management and prevention of blindness. However, it is challenging to diagnose it early because it is asymptomatic in the initial stage, and there is also the dearth of appropriate screening tools. Awareness, knowledge, and beliefs are believed to influence the treatment-seeking behavior of people as well as their uptake of services. Objective To assess the awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among general patients and patient attendants visiting Dhulikhel Hospital. Method We conducted a cross sectional quantitative study among general patients visiting Dhulikhel Hospital. We collected data using face-to-face interviews with semistructured questionnaires. We analyzed data in R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10). We presented numerical variables as mean and standard deviation whereas categorical variables as frequency and percentage. We determined factors associated with awareness and knowledge of glaucoma using logistic regression analysis and estimated adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval. Result Of 379 participants, a total of 214 (56.5%) participants had heard about glaucoma. Out of the participants who heard about glaucoma, the mean knowledge score was 48.3±21.7 and 53.3% had good knowledge on glaucoma. The odds of having heard about glaucoma were two percent lower (AOR=0.98; 95%CI: 0.97-0.99; p-value 0.036) in the older participants compared to one year younger participant, 1.98 (95%CI:1.01-3.86; p-value 0.046) times higher among literates and 2.79 (95%CI: 1.76- 4.41; p-value < 0.001) times among participants with previous ocular examination. The odds of having good knowledge was 1.94 (95%CI: 1.10-3.42; p value 0.021) times among participants with previous ocular examinations. Conclusion The knowledge and awareness regarding glaucoma in a hospital-visiting population in central Nepal was low. Half of the participants were unaware of the disease glaucoma and half of the participants who heard of the glaucoma had poor knowledge on glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - T Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - R M Shrestha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D Sujakhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - K Dhakal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - G Thapa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Karki
- Department of Public Health and Community, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - B Adhikari
- Department of Public Health and Community, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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20
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Acharya R, Panthee A, Basnet R, Adhikari S, Ghimire N. Preterm Birth, Exasperation to the South Asian Countries. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:102-106. [PMID: 36273301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
When a child is born before 37 weeks or 259 days of pregnancy, it is termed as preterm birth. Pre-term birth is prevalent in both developed and developing country. However, difference lies in their survival. In lower and middle income countries, most preterm babies die due to lack of even simple interventions. India ranks top in the world for deaths due to complications of preterm birth. Similarly, other South Asian countries, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Nepal rank 3rd, 6th, 9th and 20th in the same. The aim of this review paper is to provide a landscape analysis on the burden of pre-term birth and challenges in the context of South Asian region. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched from 2000 to 2020 and 27 articles are included in the study. It was found that pre-term birth causes huge burden in the form of morbidity, mortality as well as socio economic losses. Preterm birth was associated with increased sepsis, cardiovascular disease, respiratory illness, hypothermia, neurological and gastrointestinal complications. South Asian countries have distinct challenges in eliminating or reducing preterm births which are: poor quality health surveillance data, inadequate trained health workforce, insufficient finance and funding, service delivery and other methodological challenges. Ending pre-term birth is important as it is directly related to Sustainable Development Goal 3. Therefore, there should be increase in priority given to increase financing, quality data gathering, adopting innovative measures as well as joint efforts of all the sectors to control the pre-term birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Acharya
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Panthee
- Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R Basnet
- Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N Ghimire
- Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
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21
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Slingerland-Boot H, Adhikari S, Mensink M, van Zanten A. Comparison of the Beacon and Quark indirect calorimetry devices to measure resting energy expenditure in ventilated ICU patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:370-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Tolia S, Khan M, Khan S, Alexander D, Soltys M, Kamba K, Brennan S, Adhikari S, Hussain S, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Narang N, Pillarella J, Cotts W, Andrade A. Mortality and long-term outcomes of palliative inotropes in ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Palliative inotropes are frequently utilized for symptom management in patients with end stage heart failure who are unable to undergo durable advanced heart failure therapies. With the advent of improved medical management and early intervention, palliative inotropes may allow for improved patient outcomes than seen previously. In this study, we aim to investigate the survival and outcomes of palliative inotrope therapy and its impacts on ischemic versus non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 220 patients with American Heart Association Stage D heart failure who were discharged with palliative inotrope therapy after January 1, 2010. Patients who underwent mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or those who underwent heart transplant were excluded. Those with a history of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, history of percutaneous intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting were assigned to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), while patients without these findings were assigned to non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). Statistical analysis was completed using Chi-Square and Student's t-tests, wherein p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of the 220 patients, 87 had NICM as opposed to 133 with ICM. Mean age was found to be higher among patients with ICM (70 [62–79]) compared to NICM (65 [55–72], p-value <0.01). No significant difference was seen in total days on inotrope therapy (p=0.6). While more patients in both groups were placed on milrinone as opposed to dobutamine, there was no difference between patients with ischemic and NICM (p=0.66 and 0.51 respectively). Although a greater number of patients with NICM had been lost to follow up, admitted to hospice, or expired at 2 years (p<0.01), survival at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years showed no difference between both groups. No difference was seen in number of hospitalizations or clinic visits in one year. Both groups had similar complication rates with intravenous-access related PICC line infections and new arrhythmias. (See Table).
Conclusion
Despite more frequent use of durable mechanical support devices, many patients who are deemed unsuitable for invasive measures are treated with palliative inotrope therapy. We have found that there is no significant difference in survival, complications, and outcomes of patients on palliative inotropes among ischemic and NICM. These findings show the versatility of palliative inotrope therapy in end stage heart failure. Further studies with larger populations need to be evaluated.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tolia
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Khan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Khan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - D Alexander
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Soltys
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - K Kamba
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Brennan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Adhikari
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Hussain
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Joshi
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - C Sciamanna
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - N Narang
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - J Pillarella
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - W Cotts
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Andrade
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
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23
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Karmacharya S, Sah SK, Adhikari S. Epidermoid Cyst of the Ear Lobule in Adult. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:531-533. [PMID: 36259203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An epidermoid cyst is one of the most common benign cysts of the skin. The cyst is filled with keratin flakes and its wall is composed of keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium. Epidermoid cysts can occur anywhere on the body, usually along the lines of embryonic fusion and mostly on the face, scalp, neck, chest, and upper back. Around 80% of the epidermoid cysts are seen in ovaries and testicles whereas, in the head and neck, they account for only about 7% and 1.6% of epidermoid cysts are reported in the oral cavity. The condition can be congenital or acquired. Congenital causes are rare and may be caused by the entrapment of ectodermal elements intradermally or subcutaneously during embryogenesis. Acquired causes of an epidermoid cyst may result from traumatic or iatrogenic implantation of epithelial cells into the dermal layer or from obstruction of a pilosebaceous unit in the hair follicle. Surgical excision completes the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karmacharya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and neck surgery, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Ramdaiya, Janakpur, Nepal
| | - S K Sah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and neck surgery, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Ramdaiya, Janakpur, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Ramdaiya, Janakpur, Nepal
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24
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Chapgain RH, Adhikari S, Pandey A, Sharma S, Pokhrel S, Devkota N, Shrestha NJ, Upadhaya D, Acharay J, Dharel M. Knowledge and Practices of Child Protection among the School Health Nurses of Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:460-466. [PMID: 36259189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Child protection is burning issues in developing countries including Nepal. Child protection is one of the key works of the school health nurses. Objective To find out about the existing knowledge and practices of child protection among the school health nurses. Method This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 school health nurses working in different schools throughout Nepal. The participants were selected using purposive sampling technique and were invited to participate via various online networks. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Duration of data collection was 20 December 2020 to 10 February 2021. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze and interpret the data. Result Among the 130 Participants, 88.5% belonged to less than 29 years age group and 67.7% had Proficiency Certificate Level in Nursing education. None of them has received training related to child protection recognition and response and 90.8% had work experience of less than 5 years. Eighty percent and 96.9% participants had knowledge regarding the meaning of child right and child abuse respectively. But 45.4% had knowledge on meaning of child neglect; 53.1% and 72.3% had the knowledge of physical abuse and noncontact sexual abuse respectively. Majority (86.9%) of the participants reported as relatives were the abuser and 63.8% replied as home is the common place for abuse. Similarly, 85.4% had received the information regarding child protection via television radio and newspaper. Only 36.1% has already been involved in child protection. The participants who went to local government (Palika), police and Non-government Organizations for coordination for child right issues were 9(19.1%), 7(14.8%) and 8(17.0%) respectively. Conclusion Most of the school health nurses are young without having experience of childhood abuse and received any child protection training before joining the job. They have good knowledge of child right, physical, sexual abuse except child neglect and existing legal arrangements. There is gap in knowledge and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Chapgain
- Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- KantiChildren's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Pandey
- Birgunj Nursing Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal
| | - S Sharma
- Scheer Memorial Hospital, Banepa, Nepal
| | - S Pokhrel
- KantiChildren's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N Devkota
- KantiChildren's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N J Shrestha
- KantiChildren's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - D Upadhaya
- Cumbria Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Acharay
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Dharel
- National Child Right Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Pant RR, Qaiser FUR, Wang G, Adhikari S, Bishwakarma K, Baral U, Rimal B, Bhatta YR, Rijal K. Hydrochemical appraisal and solute acquisitions in Seti River Basin, Central Himalaya, Nepal. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:656. [PMID: 34532822 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The chemical characterization and assessment of the water quality in the headwater areas of the Himalaya are necessary for securing the water in the future. This study aims to assess the hydrochemistry and water quality concerning drinking and irrigational uses in the Seti River Basin (SRB), Nepal. A total of 45 water samples were collected in 2016 from the SRB during pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons, and pH, EC, TDS, and DO were measured on-site, whereas Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, and dissolved Si were analyzed in the laboratory. The results revealed mildly alkaline pH (8.40 ± 0.43) with the pattern of average ionic dominancy: Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ and HCO3- > SO42- > Cl- > NO3- for cations and anions, respectively. Gibbs diagram implied that the lithogenic weathering mainly controlled the solute acquisition process, which was further confirmed by the Piper diagram, exhibiting Ca-HCO3 as the governing hydrochemical facies (91%). The average molar ratios were 0.88, 8.33, and 6.86 of (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/TZ+, (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/(Na+ + K+), and HCO3-/(Na+ + K+), respectively, which specified that the carbonate weathering largely controlled the solute acquisition processes with a minor contribution of silicates. The mass budget calculation also confirmed the dominance of carbonate weathering (72.0%, 78.9%, and 62.0% in Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon, and Post-Monsoon, respectively) and the high monsoon rainfall's dilution effect to anthropogenic input of cations. Principal component analysis and correlation matrix exhibited that the major sources of ions in the basin were geogenic with minor anthropic signatures. Furthermore, water quality in connection to drinking and irrigation uses revealed that the basin has mostly retained its natural water quality. This investigation suggests that regular monitoring and assessment are essential for maintaining the water quality and ecological integrity in the Himalayan river basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Raj Pant
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Faizan Ur Rehman Qaiser
- Department of Earth Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Guanxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Provincial Policy and Planning Commission, Gandaki Province, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Kiran Bishwakarma
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Upendra Baral
- Kathmandu Center for Research and Education, CAS-TU, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bhagawat Rimal
- College of Applied Sciences (CAS)-Nepal, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Youb Raj Bhatta
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kedar Rijal
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Shrestha R, Khatri B, Adhikari S, Poudyal P. Anxiety, Depression and Functional Impairment among Health Care Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Crosssectional Online Survey. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:351-355. [PMID: 36254423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The number of cases and dramatic loss of human life worldwide created psychological problems among general public, including health care workers. Objective To determine the burden of anxiety, depression, and functional impairment among health care workers in the early days of lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Nepal. Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among all the employees of Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Bhaktapur during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown from April 3, 2020 to May 2, 2020 using an online questionnaire. The tools used were adopted from Nepali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Nepali version of WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). Result The mean age (SD) of the participants (n=86) was 32.53 (7.92) years. Male and female participants were equal in number. The point prevalence of anxiety and depression was 25.6% and 14.0%, respectively. Females had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (39.5% vs 11.6%, p < 0.01) and depression (18.6% vs 9.3%, p=0.351). Clinical and nonclinical staff both had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (31.0% and 20.5%, p=0.265) and depression (16.7% and 11.4%, p=0.478). The mean functional impairment score (WHODAS 2.0) among all participants and participants with anxiety and depression was 19.47 (95% CI: 18.13-20.80), 21.27 (95% CI: 18.08-24.46), and 19.92 (95% CI: 15.28- 24.56), respectively. Conclusion Anxiety and depression during the first lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic were highly prevalent in clinical and non-clinical employees. Besides controlling the outbreak, special consideration should be given to mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shrestha
- BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Lokanthali, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - B Khatri
- BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Lokanthali, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - P Poudyal
- BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Lokanthali, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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Abstract
Elastic instability such as the buckling of cellular materials plays a pivotal role in their analysis and design. Despite extensive research, the quantifi- cation of critical stresses leading to elastic instabi- lities remains challenging due to the inherent nonlinearities. We develop an analytical approach considering the spectral decomposition of the elasticity matrix of two-dimensional hexagonal lattice materials. The necessary and sufficient condition for the buckling is established through the zeros of the eigenvalues of the elasticity matrix. Through the analytical solution of the eigenvalues, the conditions involving equivalent elastic properties of the lattice were directly connected to the mathematical requirement of buckling. The equivalent elastic properties are expressed in closed form using geometric properties of the lattice and trigonometric functions of a non-dimensional axial force parameter. The axial force parameter was identified for four different stress cases, namely, compressive stress in the longitudinal and transverse directions separately and together and torsional stress. By solving the resulting nonlinear equations, we derive exact analytical expressions of critical eigenbuckling stresses for these four cases. Crucial parameter combinations leading to minimum buckling stresses are derived analytically. The exact closed-form analytical expressions derived in the paper can be used for quick engineering design calculations and benchmarking related experimental and numerical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adhikari
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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Mukhopadhyay T, Naskar S, Gupta KK, Kumar R, Dey S, Adhikari S. Probing the Stochastic Dynamics of Coronaviruses: Machine Learning Assisted Deep Computational Insights with Exploitable Dimensions. Adv Theory Simul 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India
| | - S. Naskar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
| | - K. K. Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar India
| | - S. Dey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar India
| | - S. Adhikari
- College of Engineering Swansea University Swansea United Kingdom
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Hayward TB, Dilks C, Vossen A, Avakian H, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Arratia M, Atac H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondì M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dupre R, Dugger M, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest TA, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Nanda S, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Segarra EP, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Thornton A, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Wood MH, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J. Observation of Beam Spin Asymmetries in the Process ep→e^{'}π^{+}π^{-}X with CLAS12. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:152501. [PMID: 33929247 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.152501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The observation of beam spin asymmetries in two-pion production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off an unpolarized proton target is reported. The data presented here were taken in the fall of 2018 with the CLAS12 spectrometer using a 10.6 GeV longitudinally spin-polarized electron beam delivered by CEBAF at JLab. The measured asymmetries provide the first opportunity to extract the parton distribution function e(x), which provides information about the interaction between gluons and quarks, in a collinear framework that offers cleaner access than previous measurements. The asymmetries also constitute the first ever signal sensitive to the helicity-dependent two-pion fragmentation function G_{1}^{⊥}. A clear sign change is observed around the ρ mass that appears in model calculations and is indicative of the dependence of the produced pions on the helicity of the fragmenting quark.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - M Arratia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondì
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich 52428, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Thornton
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208-1098, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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30
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Ahn SB, Kamath KS, Mohamedali A, Noor Z, Wu JX, Pascovici D, Adhikari S, Cheruku HR, Guillemin GJ, McKay MJ, Nice EC, Baker MS. Use of a Recombinant Biomarker Protein DDA Library Increases DIA Coverage of Low Abundance Plasma Proteins. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2374-2389. [PMID: 33752330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Credible detection and quantification of low abundance proteins from human blood plasma is a major challenge in precision medicine biomarker discovery when using mass spectrometry (MS). In this proof-of-concept study, we employed a mixture of selected recombinant proteins in DDA libraries to subsequently identify (not quantify) cancer-associated low abundance plasma proteins using SWATH/DIA. The exemplar DDA recombinant protein spectral library (rPSL) was derived from tryptic digestion of 36 recombinant human proteins that had been previously implicated as possible cancer biomarkers from both our own and other studies. The rPSL was then used to identify proteins from nondepleted colorectal cancer (CRC) EDTA plasmas by SWATH-MS. Most (32/36) of the proteins used in the rPSL were reliably identified from CRC plasma samples, including 8 proteins (i.e., BTC, CXCL10, IL1B, IL6, ITGB6, TGFα, TNF, TP53) not previously detected using high-stringency protein inference MS according to PeptideAtlas. The rPSL SWATH-MS protocol was compared to DDA-MS using MARS-depleted and postdigestion peptide fractionated plasmas (here referred to as a human plasma DDA library). Of the 32 proteins identified using rPSL SWATH, only 12 could be identified using DDA-MS. The 20 additional proteins exclusively identified using the rPSL SWATH approach were almost exclusively lower abundance (i.e., <10 ng/mL) proteins. To mitigate justified FDR concerns, and to replicate a more typical library creation approach, the DDA rPSL library was merged with a human plasma DDA library and SWATH identification repeated using such a merged library. The majority (33/36) of the low abundance plasma proteins added from the rPSL were still able to be identified using such a merged library when high-stringency HPP Guidelines v3.0 protein inference criteria were applied to our data set. The MS data set has been deposited to ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository (PXD022361).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Karthik S Kamath
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Abidali Mohamedali
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Zainab Noor
- ProCan, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Jemma X Wu
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Harish R Cheruku
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Matthew J McKay
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mark S Baker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
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31
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Carver M, Celentano A, Hicks K, Marsicano L, Mathieu V, Pilloni A, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Atac H, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Gevorgyan N, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Holtrop M, Huang Q, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim CW, Klein FJ, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munevar E, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Photoproduction of the f_{2}(1270) Meson Using the CLAS Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:082002. [PMID: 33709753 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.082002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quark structure of the f_{2}(1270) meson has, for many years, been assumed to be a pure quark-antiquark (qq[over ¯]) resonance with quantum numbers J^{PC}=2^{++}. Recently, it was proposed that the f_{2}(1270) is a molecular state made from the attractive interaction of two ρ mesons. Such a state would be expected to decay strongly to final states with charged pions due to the dominant decay ρ→π^{+}π^{-}, whereas decay to two neutral pions would likely be suppressed. Here, we measure for the first time the reaction γp→π^{0}π^{0}p, using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer detector at Jefferson Lab for incident beam energies between 3.6 and 5.4 GeV. Differential cross sections, dσ/dt, for f_{2}(1270) photoproduction are extracted with good precision due to low backgrounds and are compared to theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carver
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mathieu
- Departamento de Fsica Terica and IPARCOS, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*) and Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Strada delle Tavarnelle 286, Villazzano (Trento) I-38123, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, PO Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Q Huang
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - M E McCracken
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Munevar
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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32
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Mirazita M, Avakian H, Courtoy A, Pisano S, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Atac H, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary B, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Forest TA, Ghandilyan Y, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Huang Q, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joo K, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Mullen C, Camacho CM, Neupane K, Niculescu G, O'Connell T, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pocanic D, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts D, Wei K, Wei X, Wood MH, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Beam Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Electroproduction of Hadron Pairs. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:062002. [PMID: 33635681 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A first measurement of the longitudinal beam spin asymmetry A_{LU} in the semi-inclusive electroproduction of pairs of charged pions is reported. A_{LU} is a higher-twist observable and offers the cleanest access to the nucleon twist-3 parton distribution function e(x). Data have been collected in the Hall-B at Jefferson Lab by impinging a 5.498-GeV electron beam on a liquid-hydrogen target, and reconstructing the scattered electron and the pion pair with the CLAS detector. One-dimensional projections of the A_{LU}^{sinϕ_{R}} moments are extracted for the kinematic variables of interest in the valence quark region. The understanding of dihadron production is essential for the interpretation of observables in single-hadron production in semi-inclusive DIS, and pioneering measurements of single-spin asymmetries in dihadron production open a new avenue in studies of QCD dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Courtoy
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado Postal 20-364, Ciudad de México 01000, Mexico
| | - S Pisano
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - Fatiha Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, PO Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G Gavalian
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Q Huang
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Mullen
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - T O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Pocanic
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich 52428, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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33
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Bhattacharjee D, Buzarbaruah N, Mohanty SR, Adhikari S. Kinetic characteristics of ions in an inertial electrostatic confinement device. Phys Rev E 2021; 102:063205. [PMID: 33465992 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.063205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic analyses are quite important when it comes to understanding the particle behavior in any device as they start to deviate from a continuum nature. In the present study, kinetic simulations are performed using the particle-in-cell method to analyze the behavior of ions inside a cylindrical inertial electrostatic confinement fusion (IECF) device which is being developed as a tabletop neutron source. Here, the lighter ions, like deuterium, are accelerated by applying an electrostatic field between the chamber wall (anode) and the cathode (cylindrical gridded wire), placed at the center of the device. The plasma potential profiles obtained from the simulated results indicate the formation of multiple potential well structures inside the cathode grid depending upon the applied cathode potential (from -1 to -5 kV). The ion density at the core region of the device is found to be of the order of 10^{16}m^{-3}, which closely resembles the experimental observations. Spatial variation of ion energy distribution function has been measured in order to observe the characteristics of ions at different cathode voltages. Finally, the simulated results are compared and found to be in good agreement with the experimental profiles. The present analysis can serve as a reference guide to optimize the technological parameters of the discharge process in IECF devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bhattacharjee
- Centre of Plasma Physics - Institute for Plasma Research, Sonapur, Kamrup-782402, India
| | - N Buzarbaruah
- Centre of Plasma Physics - Institute for Plasma Research, Sonapur, Kamrup-782402, India
| | - S R Mohanty
- Centre of Plasma Physics - Institute for Plasma Research, Sonapur, Kamrup-782402, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400094, India
| | - S Adhikari
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1048 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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34
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Diehl S, Joo K, Kim A, Avakian H, Kroll P, Park K, Riser D, Semenov-Tian-Shansky K, Tezgin K, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Asryan G, Atac H, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Filippi A, Forest TA, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Extraction of Beam-Spin Asymmetries from the Hard Exclusive π^{+} Channel off Protons in a Wide Range of Kinematics. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:182001. [PMID: 33196236 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.182001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have measured beam-spin asymmetries to extract the sinϕ moment A_{LU}^{sinϕ} from the hard exclusive e[over →]p→e^{'}nπ^{+} reaction above the resonance region, for the first time with nearly full coverage from forward to backward angles in the center of mass. The A_{LU}^{sinϕ} moment has been measured up to 6.6 GeV^{2} in -t, covering the kinematic regimes of generalized parton distributions (GPD) and baryon-to-meson transition distribution amplitudes (TDA) at the same time. The experimental results in very forward kinematics demonstrate the sensitivity to chiral-odd and chiral-even GPDs. In very backward kinematics where the TDA framework is applicable, we found A_{LU}^{sinϕ} to be negative, while a sign change was observed near 90° in the center of mass. The unique results presented in this Letter will provide critical constraints to establish reaction mechanisms that can help to further develop the GPD and TDA frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Kroll
- Fachbereich Physik, Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | | | - K Tezgin
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - G Asryan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77705, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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Tran MD, Lee SG, Jeon S, Kim ST, Kim H, Nguyen VL, Adhikari S, Woo S, Park HC, Kim Y, Kim JH, Lee YH. Decelerated Hot Carrier Cooling in Graphene via Nondissipative Carrier Injection from MoS 2. ACS Nano 2020; 14:13905-13912. [PMID: 32813494 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One key to improve the performance of advanced optoelectronic devices and energy harvesting in graphene is to understand the predominant carrier scattering via optical phonons. Nevertheless, low light absorbance in graphene yields a limited photoexcited carrier density, hampering the hot carrier effect, which is strongly correlated to the hot optical phonon bottleneck effect as the energy-loss channel. Here, by integrating graphene with monolayer MoS2 possessing stronger light absorbance, we demonstrate an efficient interfacial hot carrier transfer between graphene and MoS2 in their heterostructure with a prolonged relaxation time using broadband transient differential transmittance spectroscopy. We observe that the carrier relaxation time of graphene in the heterostructure is 4 times slower than that of bare graphene. This is explained by nondissipative interlayer transfer from MoS2 to graphene, which is attributed to the enhanced hot optical phonon bottleneck effect of graphene in the heterostructure by an increased photoexcited carrier population. A significant reduction of both amplitude and relaxation time in A- and B-excitons is another evidence of the interlayer transfer from MoS2 to graphene. The nondissipative interlayer charge transfer from MoS2 to graphene is confirmed by density functional calculations. This provides a different platform to further study the photoinduced hot carrier effect in graphene heterostructures for photothermoelectric detectors or hot carrier solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Dao Tran
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunam Jeon
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Luan Nguyen
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjong Woo
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex System, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chul Park
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex System, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkuk Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Adhikari S, Nice EC, Deutsch EW, Lane L, Omenn GS, Pennington SR, Paik YK, Overall CM, Corrales FJ, Cristea IM, Van Eyk JE, Uhlén M, Lindskog C, Chan DW, Bairoch A, Waddington JC, Justice JL, LaBaer J, Rodriguez H, He F, Kostrzewa M, Ping P, Gundry RL, Stewart P, Srivastava S, Srivastava S, Nogueira FCS, Domont GB, Vandenbrouck Y, Lam MPY, Wennersten S, Vizcaino JA, Wilkins M, Schwenk JM, Lundberg E, Bandeira N, Marko-Varga G, Weintraub ST, Pineau C, Kusebauch U, Moritz RL, Ahn SB, Palmblad M, Snyder MP, Aebersold R, Baker MS. A high-stringency blueprint of the human proteome. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5301. [PMID: 33067450 PMCID: PMC7568584 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) launched the Human Proteome Project (HPP) in 2010, creating an international framework for global collaboration, data sharing, quality assurance and enhancing accurate annotation of the genome-encoded proteome. During the subsequent decade, the HPP established collaborations, developed guidelines and metrics, and undertook reanalysis of previously deposited community data, continuously increasing the coverage of the human proteome. On the occasion of the HPP's tenth anniversary, we here report a 90.4% complete high-stringency human proteome blueprint. This knowledge is essential for discerning molecular processes in health and disease, as we demonstrate by highlighting potential roles the human proteome plays in our understanding, diagnosis and treatment of cancers, cardiovascular and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Adhikari
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Eric W Deutsch
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Lydie Lane
- Faculty of Medicine, SIB-Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2218, USA
| | - Stephen R Pennington
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Young-Ki Paik
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center, 50 Yonsei-ro, Sudaemoon-ku, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea
| | | | - Fernando J Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Proteored-ISCIII, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindskog
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Amos Bairoch
- Faculty of Medicine, SIB-Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - James C Waddington
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joshua L Justice
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Joshua LaBaer
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Markus Kostrzewa
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Microbiology and Diagnostics, Fahrenheitstrasse, 428359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Peipei Ping
- Cardiac Proteomics and Signaling Laboratory, Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebekah L Gundry
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Peter Stewart
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Suite 5E136, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Fabio C S Nogueira
- Proteomics Unit and Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av Athos da Silveria Ramos, 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Proteomics Unit and Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av Athos da Silveria Ramos, 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yves Vandenbrouck
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-BGE, U1038, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Maggie P Y Lam
- Departments of Medicine-Cardiology and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sara Wennersten
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Juan Antonio Vizcaino
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marc Wilkins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Emma Lundberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0404, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0404, USA
| | | | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, UT Health, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Charles Pineau
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IREST, UMR_S 1085, F-35042, Rennes, France
| | - Ulrike Kusebauch
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Robert L Moritz
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Seong Beom Ahn
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Magnus Palmblad
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark S Baker
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Adhikari S, Wesley A, Ratesic A, Kelley R, Rizvi O. 354 Diagnostic Utility of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ivins ER, Caron L, Adhikari S, Larour E, Scheinert M. A linear viscoelasticity for decadal to centennial time scale mantle deformation. Rep Prog Phys 2020; 83:106801. [PMID: 32629433 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aba346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extended Burgers material (EBM) model provides a linear viscoelastic theory for interpreting a variety of rock deformation phenomena in geophysics, playing an increasingly important role in parameterizing laboratory data, providing seismic wave velocity and attenuation interpretations, and in analyses of solid planetary tidal dispersion and quality factor Q. At the heart of the EBM approach is the assumption of a distribution of relaxation spectra tied to rock grain boundary and interior granular mobility. Furthermore, the model incorporates an asymptotic long-term limiting behavior that is Maxwellian. Here we use the extensively developed linear theory of viscoelasticity to isolate those parameters of EBM that apply to both post-seismic relaxation processes involving flow of olivine rich upper mantle material and to studies of tides, where periods of forcing range from 12 h to 18.6 years. The isolated EBM parameters should also apply to theoretical and geodetic studies of glacial isostatic adjustment, especially when the initiation of continuous cryospheric surface unloading dates to the 20th or 21st century. Using analytical Laplace transformed solutions of Boussinesq's half-space load problem, we show that the effects of EBM transient rheology may have substantial influence on geodetic interpretations of unloading induced crustal motions even on time scales that are sub-decadal.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Ivins
- Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA, 91109
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Mukhopadhyay T, Mahata A, Naskar S, Adhikari S. Probing the Effective Young's Modulus of ‘Magic Angle’ Inspired Multi‐Functional Twisted Nano‐Heterostructures. Adv Theory Simul 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India
| | - A. Mahata
- School of Engineering Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA
| | - S. Naskar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Bombay India
| | - S. Adhikari
- College of Engineering Swansea University Swansea UK
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Shen YP, Guo B, deBoer RJ, Li ZH, Li YJ, Tang XD, Pang DY, Adhikari S, Basu C, Su J, Yan SQ, Fan QW, Liu JC, Chen C, Han ZY, Li XY, Lian G, Ma TL, Nan W, Nan WK, Wang YB, Zeng S, Zhang H, Liu WP. Constraining the External Capture to the ^{16}O Ground State and the E2 S Factor of the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O Reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:162701. [PMID: 32383943 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O reaction is one of the most crucial reactions in nuclear astrophysics. The E2 external capture to the ^{16}O ground state (GS) has not been emphasized in previous analyses but may make a significant contribution to the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O cross section depending on the value of the GS asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC). In the present work, we determine this ANC to be 337±45 fm^{-1/2} through the ^{12}C(^{11}B,^{7}Li)^{16}O reaction using a high-precision magnetic spectrograph. This sheds light on the existing large discrepancy of more than 2 orders of magnitude between the previously reported ANC values. Based on the new ANC, we experimentally constrain the GS external capture and show that through interference with the high energy tail of the 2^{+} subthreshold state, a substantial enhancement in the GS S_{E2}(300) factor can be obtained (70±7 keV b) compared to that of a recent review (45 keV b), resulting in an increase of the total S factor from 140 to 162 keV b, which is now in good agreement with the value obtained by reproducing supernova nucleosynthesis calculations with the solar-system abundances. This work emphasizes that the external capture contribution for the ground state transition cannot be neglected in future analyses of the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Shen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - B Guo
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - R J deBoer
- The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Z H Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Y J Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - X D Tang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - D Y Pang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S Adhikari
- Physics Department, Techno India University, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - C Basu
- Nuclear Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata-700064, India
| | - J Su
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - S Q Yan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Q W Fan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - J C Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - C Chen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Z Y Han
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - X Y Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - G Lian
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - T L Ma
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W K Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Y B Wang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - S Zeng
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - H Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W P Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
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Chandra Y, Mukhopadhyay T, Adhikari S, Figiel Ł. Size-dependent dynamic characteristics of graphene based multi-layer nano hetero-structures. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:145705. [PMID: 31842003 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nano hetero-structures are receiving increasing attention due their ability in multi-synchronous modulation of a range of mechanical and other critically desirable properties. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of two different graphene based heterostructures, graphene-hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), are explored based on atomistic finite element approach. Such vibrational characteristics of nanostructures are of utmost importance in order to access their suitability as structural members for adoption in various nano-scale devices and systems. In the current analysis, the developed atomistic finite element model for nano-heterostructures is extensively validated first with the results available in literature considering elastic responses and natural frequencies. Thereafter a range of insightful new results are presented for the dynamic behaviour of various configurations of graphene-hBN and graphene-MoS2 heterostructures including their size, chirality and boundary dependence. The investigation of tunable vibrational properties along with simultaneous modulation of other mechanical, electronic, optical, thermal and chemical attributes of such nano-heterostructures would accelerate their application as prospective candidates for manufacturing nanosensors, electromechanical resonators, and a wide range of other devices and systems across the length-scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chandra
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
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Khan M, Saadi T, Adhikari S, Hussain S, Asghar M, Kamba K, Soltys M, Morreale C, Glowacki N, Joshi A, Pauwaa S, Sciamanna C, Dia M, Macaluso G, Andrade A, Cotts W. The Association of BMI and Diabetes Mellitus with Mortality in End Stage Heart Failure Patients on Inotropes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Adhikari S, Khadka S, Sapkota S, Sharma BR, Ghimire A, Chalise M, Gurung D, Kunwar S. Multi-drug Resistant and Extended Spectrum β-lactamase Producing Salmonella Species Isolated from Fresh Chicken Liver Samples. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:23-27. [PMID: 33582683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Emergence of antibiotic resistance among microbes contaminating the fresh meat products is a global public health concern as they can be easily transmitted to humans through their consumption and contact. Objective The current study was conducted to determine the distribution of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella species isolated from fresh chicken liver samples with special emphasis on extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. Method A total of 200 fresh chicken liver samples were cultivated for the isolation of Salmonella and further subcultivated to detect extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among them. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was done by disk diffusion method using a panel of 7 antimicrobials. Result Out of 200 samples analyzed, 61 (30.5%) samples harbored Salmonella species out of which 15 (7.5%) samples showed the presence of Salmonella Typhi. A significant association was noted in the incidence of Salmonella with various factors pertaining to the butchers, such as age, sex, literacy rate, practices of washing knives and chopping board, wearing aprons and gloves and type of water used (p < 0.05). Salmonella isolates were highly sensitive to amikacin (82.0%) and least sensitive to tetracycline (3.3%). All the isolates were resistant to colistin. Sixty (98.4%) isolates were identified as multi-drug resistant (MDR). The total number of extended spectrum betalactamase producers reported among Salmonella isolates was 29 (47.5%). Conclusion The results indicate that the fresh chicken liver samples sold in Bharatpur Metropolis are reservoirs of multi-drug resistant Salmonella, including extended spectrum betalactamase producers, that could potentially be transmitted to the humans by direct contact or through inadequate cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adhikari
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - S Khadka
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P.R. China
| | - S Sapkota
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal. State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - B R Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - A Ghimire
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - M Chalise
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - D Gurung
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - S Kunwar
- Department of Microbiology, Birendra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
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Paul B, Das A, Mandal R, Singh P, Adhikari S, Ghosh K, Chowdhury D, Chakrabarti P, Giri S. Protein requirement of Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1794) larvae. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2020.00046.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Adhikari S, Gascó G, Méndez A, Surapaneni A, Jegatheesan V, Shah K, Paz-Ferreiro J. Influence of pyrolysis parameters on phosphorus fractions of biosolids derived biochar. Sci Total Environ 2019; 695:133846. [PMID: 31416032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transforming biosolids into biochar, through pyrolysis, could result in more sustainable waste management. Influence of pyrolysis conditions (temperature, heating rate and residence time) on physico-chemical properties of biosolids (collected at Mount Martha Water Recycling Plant, Melbourne), phosphorus fractions and phosphorus forms was investigated. Twelve different biochar samples were produced at 400, 500 and 600 °C, at two heating rates (5 and 20 °C/min) and at two residence times (30 and 120 min). Biochar yield, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), elements (C, H and N) and BET surface area were analysed. Sequential extraction of P in biosolids and resultant biochars was done using Hedley method. Characterization was completed with SEM images and results from 31P liquid state NMR. Increased temperatures would not only increase the alkalinity, decrease EC and increase the adsorption capacity by increasing the surface area but also convert the readily available P to a less available pool. Therefore, this nutrient might be released to soil slowly over a longer period of time. The results showed that temperature, along with residence time and heating rate, had a significant effect on the characteristics observed. Therefore, all these factors need to be carefully considered when preparing biochar for use as a soil amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adhikari
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001 VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Gascó
- Department of Agricultural Production, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Méndez
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Surapaneni
- South East Water Corporation, Waters Edge, 101 Wells Street, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia
| | - V Jegatheesan
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001 VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Shah
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001 VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001 VIC, Melbourne, Australia.
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Valenzuela J, Stilson B, Amini R, Patanwala A, Adhikari S. 378 Prevalence and Follow-Up of Incidental Findings in Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma Examinations. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nikfarjam S, Ghorbani M, Adhikari S, Karlsson AJ, Jouravleva EV, Woehl TJ, Anisimov MA. Irreversible Nature of Mesoscopic Aggregates in Lysozyme Solutions. Colloid J 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x19050090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ahn SB, Mohamedali A, Pascovici D, Adhikari S, Sharma S, Nice EC, Baker MS. Proteomics Reveals Cell‐Surface Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Expression Impacts Most Hallmarks of Cancer. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900026. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Abidali Mohamedali
- Department of Molecular Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Samridhi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Mark S. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
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Ahn SB, Sharma S, Mohamedali A, Mahboob S, Redmond WJ, Pascovici D, Wu JX, Zaw T, Adhikari S, Vaibhav V, Nice EC, Baker MS. Potential early clinical stage colorectal cancer diagnosis using a proteomics blood test panel. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:34. [PMID: 31467500 PMCID: PMC6712843 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most significant challenges in colorectal cancer (CRC) management is the use of compliant early stage population-based diagnostic tests as adjuncts to confirmatory colonoscopy. Despite the near curative nature of early clinical stage surgical resection, mortality remains unacceptably high-as the majority of patients diagnosed by faecal haemoglobin followed by colonoscopy occur at latter stages. Additionally, current population-based screens reliant on fecal occult blood test (FOBT) have low compliance (~ 40%) and tests suffer low sensitivities. Therefore, blood-based diagnostic tests offer survival benefits from their higher compliance (≥ 97%), if they can at least match the sensitivity and specificity of FOBTs. However, discovery of low abundance plasma biomarkers is difficult due to occupancy of a high percentage of proteomic discovery space by many high abundance plasma proteins (e.g., human serum albumin). METHODS A combination of high abundance protein ultradepletion (e.g., MARS-14 and an in-house IgY depletion columns) strategies, extensive peptide fractionation methods (SCX, SAX, High pH and SEC) and SWATH-MS were utilized to uncover protein biomarkers from a cohort of 100 plasma samples (i.e., pools of 20 healthy and 20 stages I-IV CRC plasmas). The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using ANOVA and pairwise t-tests (p < 0.05; fold-change > 1.5), and further examined with a neural network classification method using in silico augmented 5000 patient datasets. RESULTS Ultradepletion combined with peptide fractionation allowed for the identification of a total of 513 plasma proteins, 8 of which had not been previously reported in human plasma (based on PeptideAtlas database). SWATH-MS analysis revealed 37 protein biomarker candidates that exhibited differential expression across CRC stages compared to healthy controls. Of those, 7 candidates (CST3, GPX3, CFD, MRC1, COMP, PON1 and ADAMDEC1) were validated using Western blotting and/or ELISA. The neural network classification narrowed down candidate biomarkers to 5 proteins (SAA2, APCS, APOA4, F2 and AMBP) that had maintained accuracy which could discern early (I/II) from late (III/IV) stage CRC. CONCLUSION MS-based proteomics in combination with ultradepletion strategies have an immense potential of identifying diagnostic protein biosignature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Samridhi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Abidali Mohamedali
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Sadia Mahboob
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - William J. Redmond
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Jemma X. Wu
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Thiri Zaw
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Subash Adhikari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Vineet Vaibhav
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Mark S. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 1, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
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Hattawy M, Baltzell NA, Dupré R, Bültmann S, De Vita R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Egiyan H, Girod FX, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Jenkins D, Liuti S, Perrin Y, Stepanyan S, Torayev B, Voutier E, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Brooks W, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Ehrhart M, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest TA, Fradi A, Garçon M, Gavalian G, Gevorgyan N, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Harrison N, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, L Kabir M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Montgomery RA, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Ostrovidov AI, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Exploring the Structure of the Bound Proton with Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:032502. [PMID: 31386486 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, deeply virtual Compton scattering of electrons has been successfully used to advance our knowledge of the partonic structure of the free proton and investigate correlations between the transverse position and the longitudinal momentum of quarks inside the nucleon. Meanwhile, the structure of bound nucleons in nuclei has been studied in inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering experiments off nuclear targets, showing a significant difference in longitudinal momentum distribution of quarks inside the bound nucleon, known as the EMC effect. In this Letter, we report the first beam spin asymmetry (BSA) measurement of exclusive deeply virtual Compton scattering off a proton bound in ^{4}He. The data used here were accumulated using a 6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam incident on a pressurized ^{4}He gaseous target placed within the CLAS spectrometer in Hall-B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The azimuthal angle (ϕ) dependence of the BSA was studied in a wide range of virtual photon and scattered proton kinematics. The Q^{2}, x_{B}, and t dependencies of the BSA on the bound proton are compared with those on the free proton. In the whole kinematical region of our measurements, the BSA on the bound proton is smaller by 20% to 40%, indicating possible medium modification of its partonic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - S Liuti
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Y Perrin
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | | | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Gavalian
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | | | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Universitá di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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