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Germ cell cysts, a fetal feature in mammals, are constitutively present in the adult armadillo. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 87:91-101. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Modulation of neonatal host defense against infection. J Reprod Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Perioperative Factors Predicting Poor Outcome in Elderly Patients Following Emergency General Surgery: A Multivariate Analysis Study. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Canadian Surgery Forum1 Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy a reasonable stand-alone procedure for super morbidly obese patients?2 Postoperative monitoring requirements of patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing bariatric surgery3 Role of relaparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of bariatric complications in the early postoperative period4 Changes of active and total ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY following restrictive bariatric surgery and their impact on satiety: comparison of sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding5 Prioritization and willingness to pay for bariatric surgery: the patient perspective6 Ventral hernia at the time of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery: Should it be repaired?7 Linear stapled gastrojejunostomy with transverse handsewn enterotomy closure significantly reduces strictures for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y bypass8 Laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch as second stage for super super morbidly obese patients. Do all patients benefit?9 Sleeve gastrectomy in the super super morbidly obese (BMI > 60 kg/m2): a Canadian experience10 Laparoscopic gastric bypass for the treatment of refractory idiopathic gastroparesis: a report of 2 cases11 Duodeno-ileal switch as a primary bariatric and metabolic surgical option for the severely obese patient with comorbidities: review of a single-institution case series of duodeno-ileal intestinal bypass12 Management of large paraesophageal hernias in morbidly obese patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case series13 Early results of the Ontario bariatric surgical program: using the bariatric registry14 Improving access to bariatric surgical care: Is universal health care the answer?15 Early and liberal postoperative exploration can reduce morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bariatric surgery16 Withdrawn17 Identification and assessment of technical errors in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass18 A valid and reliable tool for assessment of surgical skill in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass19 Psychiatric predictors of presurgery drop-out following suitability assessment for bariatric surgery20 Predictors of outcomes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at The Ottawa Hospital21 Prophylactic management of cholelithiasis in bariatric patients: Is routine cholecystectomy warranted?22 Early outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in a publicly funded obesity program23 Similar incidence of gastrojejunal anastomotic stricture formation with hand-sewn and 21 mm circular stapler techniques during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass24 (CAGS Basic Science Award) Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 improves clinical, morphological and histological outcomes of intestinal adaptation in a distal-intestinal resection piglet model of short bowel syndrome25 (CAGS Clinical Research Award) Development and validation of a comprehensive curriculum to teach an advanced minimally invasive procedure: a randomized controlled trial26 Negative-pressure wound therapy (iVAC) on closed, high-risk incisions following abdominal wall reconstruction27 The impact of seed granting on research in the University of British Columbia Department of Surgery28 Quality of surgical care is inadequate for elderly patients29 Recurrence of inguinal hernia in general and hernia specialty hospitals in Ontario, Canada30 Oncostatin M receptor deficiency results in increased mortality in an intestinal ischemia reperfusion model in mice31 Laparoscopic repair of large paraesophageal hernias with anterior gastropexy: a multicentre trial32 Response to preoperative medical therapy predicts success of laparoscopic splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura33 Perioperative sepsis, but not hemorrhagic shock, promotes the development of cancer metastases in a murine model34 Measuring the impact of implementing an acute care surgery service on the management of acute biliary disease35 Patient flow and efficiency in an acute care surgery service36 The relationship between treatment factors and postoperative complications after radical surgery for rectal cancer37 Risk of ventral hernia after laparoscopic colon surgery38 Urinary metabolomics as a tool for early detection of Barrett’s and esophageal cancer39 Construct validity of individual and summary performance metrics associated with a computer-based laparo-scopic simulator40 Impact of a city-wide health system reorganization on emergency department visits in hospitals in surrounding communities41 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for the nonoperative management of aortic stenosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis42 Breast cancer: racial differences in age of onset. A potential confounder in Canadian screening recommendations43 Risk taking in surgery: in and out of the comfort zone44 A tumour board in the office: Track those cancer patients!45 Increased patient BMI is not associated with advanced colon cancer stage or grade on presentation: a retrospective chart review46 Consensus statements regarding the multidisciplinary care of limb amputation patients in disasters or humanitarian emergencies. Report of the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit Surgical Working Group on amputations following disasters or conflict47 Learning the CanMEDS role of professional: a pilot project of supervised discussion groups addressing the hidden curriculum48 Assessing the changing scope of training in Canadian general surgery programs: expected versus actual experience49 Predicting need for surgical management for massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage50 International health care experience: using CanMEDS to evaluate learning outcomes following a surgical mission in Mampong, Ghana51 The open abdomen: risk factors for mortality and rates of closure52 How surgeons think: an exploration of mental practice in surgical preparation53 The surgery wiki: a novel method for delivery of under-graduate surgical education54 Understanding surgical residents’ postoperative practices before implementing an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guideline at the University of Toronto55 From laparoscopic transabdominal to posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy: a paradigm shift in operative approach56 A retrospective audit of outcomes in patients over the age of 80 undergoing acute care abdominal surgery57 Canadian general surgery residents’ perspectives on work-hour regulations58 Timing of surgical intervention and its outcomes in acute appendicitis59 Preparing surgical trainees to deal with adverse events. An outline of learning issues60 Acute care surgical service: surgeon agreement at the time of handover61 Predicting discharge of elderly patients to prehospitalization residence following emergency general surgery62 Morbidity and mortality after emergency abdominal surgery in octo- and nonagenarians63 The impact of acute abdominal illness and urgent admission to hospital on the living situation of elderly patients64 A comparison of laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for antral gastric adenocarcinoma: a North American perspective65 Minimally invasive excision of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas66 Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic hernia repair in a tertiary care centre: a single institution’s experience67 Evaluation of a student-run, practical and didactic curriculum for preclerkship medical students68 Joseph Lister: Father of Modern Surgery69 Comparisons of melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsy prediction nomograms in a cohort of Canadian patients70 Local experience with myocutaneous flaps after extensive pelvic surgery71 The treatment of noncirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: Is anticoagulation enough?72 Implementation of an acute care surgery service does not affect wait-times for elective cancer surgeries: an institutional experience73 Use of human collagen mesh for closure of a large abdominal wall defect, after colon cancer surgery, a case report74 The role of miR-200b in pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia75 Systematic review and meta-analysis of electrocautery versus scalpel for incising epidermis and dermis76 Accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy for early breast cancer in the community setting in St. John’s, New-foundland: results of a retrospective review77 Acute surgical outcomes in the 80 plus population78 The liberal use of platelets transfusions in the acute phase of trauma resuscitation: a systematic review79 Implementation of an acute care surgical on call program in a Canadian community hospital80 Short-term outcomes following paraesophageal hernia repair in the elderly patient81 First experience with single incision surgery: feasibility in the pediatric population and cost evaluation82 The impact of the establishment of an acute care surgery unit on the outcomes of appendectomies and cholecystectomies83 Description and preliminary evaluation of a low-cost simulator for training and evaluation of flexible endoscopic skills84 Tumour lysis syndrome in metastatic colon cancer: a case report85 Acute care surgery service model implementation study at a single institution86 Colonic disasters approached by emergent subtotal and total colectomy: lessons learned from 120 consecutive cases87 Acellular collagen matrix stent to protect bowel anastomoses88 Lessons we learned from preoperative MRI-guided wire localization of breast lesions: the University Health Network (UHN) experience89 Interim cost comparison for the use of platinum micro-coils in the operative localization of small peripheral lung nodules90 Routine barium esophagram has minimal impact on the postoperative management of patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer91 Iron deficiency anemia is a common presenting issue with giant paraesophageal hernia and resolves following repair92 A randomized comparison of different ventilation strategies during thoracotomy and lung resection93 The Canadian Lung Volume Reduction Surgery study: an 8-year follow-up94 A comparison of minimally invasive versus open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy95 A new paradigm in the follow-up after curative resection for lung cancer: minimal-dose CT scan allows for early detection of asymptomatic cancer activity96 Predictors of lymph node metastasis in early esophageal adenocarcinoma: Is endoscopic resection worth the risk?97 How well can thoracic surgery residents operate? Comparing resident and program director opinions98 The impact of extremes of age on short- and long-term outcomes following surgical resection of esophageal malignancy99 Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gold nanoparticles for the enhanced radiation treatment of non–small cell lung cancer100 Laparoscopic Heller myotomy results in excellent outcomes in all subtypes of achalasia as defined by the Chicago classification101 Neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus surgery in managing esophageal cancer102 Quality of life postesophagectomy for cancer!103 The implementation, evolution and translocation of standardized clinical pathways can improve perioperative outcomes following surgical treatment of esophageal cancer104 A tissue-mimicking phantom for applications in thoracic surgical simulation105 Sublobar resection compared with lobectomy for early stage non–small cell lung cancer: a single institution study106 Not all reviews are equal: the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in thoracic surgery107 Do postoperative complications affect health-related quality of life after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for patients with lung cancer? A cohort study108 Thoracoscopic plication for palliation of dyspnea secondary to unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis: A worthwhile venture?109 Thoracic surgery experience in Canadian general surgery residency programs110 Perioperative morbidity and pathologic response rates following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma111 An enhanced recovery pathway reduces length of stay after esophagectomy112 Predictors of dysplastic and neoplastic progression of Barrett’s esophagus113 Recurrent esophageal cancer complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula: management by means of palliative airway stenting114 Pancreaticopleural fistula-induced empyema thoracis: principles and results of surgical management115 Prognostic factors of early postoperative mortality following right extended hepatectomy116 Optimizing steatotic livers for transplantation using a cell-penetrating peptide CPP-fused heme oxygenase117 Video outlining the technical steps for a robot-assisted laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy118 Establishment of a collaborative group to conduct innovative clinical trials in Canada119 Hepatic resection for metastatic malignant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis120 Acellular normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion for donor liver preservation121 Pancreatic cancer and predictors of survival: comparing the CA 19–9/bilirubin ratio with the McGill Brisbane Scoring System122 Staged liver resections for bilobar hepatic colorectal metastases: a single centre experience123 Economic model of observation versus immediate resection of hepatic adenomas124 Resection of colorectal liver metastasis in the elderly125 Acceptable long-term survival in patients undergoing liver resection for metastases from noncolorectal, non-neuroendocrine, nonsarcoma malignancies126 Patient and clinicopathological features and prognosis of CK19+ hepatocellular carcinomas: a case–control study127 The management of blunt hepatic trauma in the age of angioembolization: a single centre experience128 Liver resections for noncolorectal and non-neuroendocrine metastases: an evaluation of oncologic outcomes129 Developing an evidence-based clinical pathway for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy130 Hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant: a 20 year experience131 The effect of medication on the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis132 Temporal trends in the use of diagnostic imaging for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) conditions: How much ionizing radiation are we really using?196 A phase II study of aggressive metastasectomy for intra-and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal cancer133 Why do women choose mastectomy for breast cancer treatment? A conceptual framework for understanding surgical decision-making in early-stage breast cancer134 Synoptic operative reporting: documentation of quality of care data for rectal cancer surgery135 Learning curve analysis for cytoreductive surgery: a useful application of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method136 Pancreatic cancer is strongly associated with a unique urinary metabolomic signature137 Concurrent neoadjuvant chemo/radiation in locally advanced breast cancer138 Impact of positron emission tomography on clinical staging of newly diagnosed rectal cancer: a specialized single centre retrospective study139 An evaluation of intraoperative Faxitron microradiography versus conventional specimen radiography for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions140 Comparison of breast cancer treatment wait-times in the Southern Interior of British Columbia in 2006 and 2010141 Factors affecting lymph nodes harvest in colorectal carcinoma142 Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases143 You have a message! Social networking as a motivator for fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) training144 The evaluation and validation of a rapid diagnostic and support clinic for women assessment for breast cancer145 Oncoplastic breast surgery: oncologic benefits and limitations146 A qualitative study on rectal cancer patients’ preferences for location of surgical care147 The effect of surgery on local recurrence in young women with breast cancer148 Elevated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in tumour microenvironment is not associated with increased serum levels in humans with Pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma149 Conversion from laparoscopic to open approach during gastrectomy: a population-based analysis150 A scoping review of surgical process improvement tools (SPITs) in cancer surgery151 Splenectomy during gastric cancer surgery: a population-based study152 Defining the polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) interactome in cancer cell protrusions153 Neoadjuvant imatinib mesylate for locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours154 Implementing results from ACOSOG Z0011: Practice-changing or practice-affirming?155 Should lymph node retrieval be a surgical quality indicator in colon cancer?156 Long-term outcomes following resection of retroperitoneal recurrence of colorectal cancer157 Clinical research in surgical oncology: an analysis of clinicaltrials.gov158 Radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery: When are we missing the mark?159 The accuracy of endorectal ultrasound in staging rectal lesions in patients undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery160 Quality improvement in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: expert panel recommendations for priority research areas161 Factors influencing the quality of local management of ductal carcinoma in situ: a cohort study162 Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Does size matter?163 Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for extremity soft tissue sarcomas: systematic review of clinical efficacy and quality assessment of reported trials164 Adherence to antiestrogen therapy in seniors with breast cancer: How well are we doing?165 Parathyroid carcinoma: Challenging the surgical dogma?166 A qualitative assessment of the journey to delayed breast reconstruction195 The role of yoga therapy in breast cancer patients167 Outcomes reported in comparative studies of surgical interventions168 Enhanced recovery pathways decrease length of stay following colorectal surgery, but how quickly do patients actually recover?169 The impact of complications on bed utilization after elective colorectal resection170 Impact of trimodal prehabilitation program on functional recovery after colorectal cancer surgery: a pilot study171 Complex fistula-in-ano: Should the plug be abandoned in favour of the LIFT or BioLIFT?172 Prognostic utility of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by colon and rectal cancer173 Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision provides acceptable perioperative outcomes but is complex and time-consuming: analysis of learning curves for a novice minimally invasive surgeon174 Intraoperative quality assessment following double stapled circular colorectal anastomosis175 Improving patient outcomes through quality assessment of rectal cancer care176 Are physicians willing to accept a decrease in treatment effectiveness for improved functional outcomes for low rectal cancer?177 Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis for the treatment of distal rectal cancer: a prospective cohort study178 Preoperative high-dose rate brachytherapy in preparation for sphincter preservation surgery for patients with advanced cancer of the lower rectum179 Impact of an enhanced recovery program on short-term outcomes after scheduled laparoscopic colon resection180 The clinical results of the Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis: a systematic review181 Is a vertical rectus abdominus flap (VRAM) necessary? An analysis of perineal wound complications182 Fistula plug versus endorectal anal advancement flap for the treatment of high transsphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis183 Maternal and neonatal outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery184 Transanal drainage to treat anastomotic leaks after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a valuable option185 Trends in colon cancer in Ontario: 2002–2009186 Validation of electronically derived short-term outcomes in colorectal surgery187 A population-based assessment of transanal and endoscopic resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum188 Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the emergency setting: trends in the province of Ontario from 2002 to 2009189 Prevention of perineal hernia after laparoscopic and robotic abdominoperineal resection: review with case series of internal hernia through pelvic mesh which was placed in attempt to prevent perineal hernia190 Effect of rectal cancer treatments on quality of life191 The use of antibacterial sutures as an adjunctive preventative strategy for surgical site infection in Canada: an economic analysis192 Impact of socioeconomic status on colorectal cancer screening and stage at presentation: preliminary results of a population-based study from an urban Canadian centre193 Initial perioperative results of the first transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) program in the province of Quebec194 Use of negative pressure wound therapy decreases perineal wound infections following abdominal perineal resection. Can J Surg 2012; 55:S63-S135. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.016712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Book Reviews. Eur J Histochem 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract 329: Identification of the breakpoints of two chromosome translocations involving chromosomes 4 and 7 observed in two murine mammary carcinomas. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The translocation between chromosomes 4 and 7, T(4;7), was observed in two different mammary carcinomas from the medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) mouse breast cancer model which have acquired a hormone independent (HI) phenotype (C7-2-HI and C4-HI). We had developed a cell line from the C7-2-HI tumor, the MC7-L2A cells, which retain the chromosome translocation T(4;7), and provide an easy tool to obtain metaphases. G-banding analysis showed that the breakpoint on chromosome 4 is located on the band 4E in the C7-2-HI tumor, whereas in the C4-HI tumor, it is located on the region 4C4-4D3. However, the breakpoint on chromosome 7 is located near the centromere in both tumors. Further experiments using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in MC7-L2A cells have shown that the breakpoint of the translocation involved the chromosome bands 4E2 and 7A1-A2. The aim of this project is to elucidate whether these breakpoints are involving new gene rearrangements that might participate in the acquisition of hormone independency. In this study we focused in determining if the break in chromosome 7 is located on the same band in both HI tumors. A detailed analysis in MC7-L2A cells using FISH with different DNA probes, spanning the region 7A1-7A2, showed that the breakpoint is located on chromosome 7A1 and not on band 7A2. However, a different picture was observed in metaphases obtained from C4-HI tumor cells, in which the probes corresponding to region 7A1-7B1 hybridized only to normal chromosome 7, but not to the translocation T(4;7). These results indicate that the breakpoints on chromosomes 4 and 7, although involving the same chromosomes, are located on different regions in the T(4;7) translocations, suggesting that they may be random breakpoints. Even though we could not associate this breakpoint with the hormone-independent phenotype, the identification of the sites of chromosome breaks may be relevant to understand the biology of each HI tumor.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 329.
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Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is an important signaling enzyme in the activation and regulation of T lymphocytes. T-cell-mediated destruction of beta-cells is a characteristic feature of autoimmune (Type 1) diabetes. Here we explore the ability of PKC inhibition, using the PKC inhibitor AEB-071 (AEB), to reduce disease in two animal models of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes (non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and biobreeding rat (BB)). NOD mice were treated with AEB for 4 weeks, starting at either 4 weeks of age (prior to the development of insulitis) or at 8 weeks of age, once insulitis is present. Animals treated with AEB during the effector phase of the disease (treatment onset at 8 weeks of age), showed a 2-week delay in diabetes onset (p < 0.05). In these animals, the extent of insulitis was lower than in vehicle-treated controls; however, neither serum autoimmune anti-GAD65 antibody levels nor pancreatic insulin content were different between experimental groups. Overall, inhibition of PKC can mildly reduce lymphocytic infiltrate of pancreatic islets and modestly delay onset of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. AEB, a T-cell-targeted immunosuppressive strategy, is only sufficient as a monothereapy to modestly delay onset of autoimmune disease in the NOD mouse.
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Sotrastaurin. DRUG FUTURE 2009. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2009.34.8.1401067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the first report of successful pancreatic islet transplantation to reverse hyperglycaemia in diabetic rodents, there has been great interest in determining the optimal site for implantation. Although the portal vein remains the most frequently used site clinically, it is not ideal. About half of the islets introduced into the liver die during or shortly after transplantation. Although many patients achieve insulin independence after portal vein infusion of islets, in the long term most resume insulin injections. METHODS This review considers possible sites and techniques of islet transplantation in small and large animal models, and in humans. Metabolic, immunological and technical aspects are discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Many groups have sought an alternative site that might offer improved engraftment and long-term survival, together with reduced procedure-related complications. The spleen, pancreas, kidney capsule, peritoneum and omental pouch have been explored. The advantages and disadvantages of various sites are discussed in order to define the most suitable for clinical use and to direct future research.
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The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on glucose metabolism and diabetes. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1937-46. [PMID: 18612626 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in many inflammatory reactions and disorders, and it has become evident that it also affects glucose homeostasis. The protein is produced by pancreatic beta cells and can promote the release of insulin. It also modulates glucose uptake, glycolysis and insulin resistance in insulin target cells such as the adipocyte, myocyte and cardiomyocyte. Possessing both immunological and endocrinological properties, MIF has been associated with the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and it may be important in the setting of islet transplantation. The present review summarises our current knowledge, based on clinical and research data, on the impact of MIF on both physiological and pathological aspects of glucose metabolism.
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Liraglutide, a long-acting human glucagon-like peptide 1 analog, improves glucose homeostasis in marginal mass islet transplantation in mice. Endocrinology 2008; 149:4322-8. [PMID: 18511515 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The current scarcity of high-quality deceased pancreas donors prevents widespread application of islet transplantation for treatment of labile type 1 diabetes mellitus. Opportunities for the improvement of current techniques include optimization of islet isolation and purification, use of culture with pharmacological insulinotropic agents, strategies to reduce graft rejection and inflammation, and the search for alternative insulin producing tissue. Here, we report our findings on the efficacy of the long-acting human glucagon-like peptide 1 analog, liraglutide, in a mouse model of marginal mass islet transplantation. Liraglutide was administered (200 microg/kg sc twice daily) after a marginal mass syngeneic islet transplant in streptozotocin-induced diabetic BALB/c mice. Time-to-normoglycemia was significantly shorter in liraglutide-treated animals (median 1 vs. 7 d; P = 0.0003), even in recipients receiving sirolimus (median 1 vs. 72.5 d; P < 0.0001). Liraglutide-treated animals also demonstrated improved glucose tolerance as assessed by an ip glucose tolerance test. Liraglutide discontinuation at postoperative d 90 resulted in diminished glucose tolerance during the ip glucose tolerance test, whereas a late-start liraglutide therapy 90 d after transplant resulted in no improvement. These findings suggest that liraglutide therapy mediates early and late insulinotropic effects. In accord with this hypothesis, insulin/terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick end labeling fluorescence microscopy showed reduced transplanted beta-cell apoptosis in liraglutide-treated recipients 48 h after transplant. In addition, liraglutide resulted in improved glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Overall, our data show that liraglutide has a beneficial impact on the engraftment and function of syngeneic islet transplants in mice, when administered continuously starting on the day of transplant.
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Combined coinhibitory and costimulatory modulation with anti-BTLA and CTLA4Ig facilitates tolerance in murine islet allografts. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:2663-74. [PMID: 17983390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01996.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Complex interactions between positive and negative cosignaling receptors ultimately determine the fate of the immune response. The recently identified coinhibitory receptor, B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), contributes to regulation of autoimmune and potentially alloimmune responses. We investigated the role of BTLA in a fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched mouse islet transplant model. We report that anti-BTLA mAb (6F7) alone does not accelerate graft rejection. Rather, while CTLA4Ig alone improved allograft survival, the addition of anti-BTLA mAb to CTLA4Ig led to indefinite (>100 days) allograft survival. Immediately after treatment with anti-BTLA mAb and CTLA4Ig, islet allografts showed intact islets and insulin production despite a host cellular response, with local accumulation of Foxp3+ cells. We clearly demonstrate that combined therapy with anti-BTLA mAb and CTLA4Ig mice induced donor-specific tolerance, since mice accepted a second donor-specific islet graft without further treatment and rejected third party grafts. CTLA4Ig and anti-BTLA mAb limited the initial in vivo proliferation of CFSE-labeled allogeneic lymphocytes, and anti-BTLA mAb enhanced the proportion of PD-1 expressing T cells while depleting pathogenic BTLA+ lymphocytes. We conclude that targeting the BTLA pathway in conjunction with CTLA4Ig costimulatory blockade may be a useful strategy for promoting immunological tolerance in murine islet allografts.
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Abstract
Clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus currently requires potent immunosuppressive drugs, which limits the procedure to the most severe forms of the disease, and many of the drugs are directly beta-cell toxic. A class of compounds called sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators has been explored in transplantation and shown to be highly effective in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune conditions. While FTY720, the first drug in this class, may not move forward initially in transplantation, this class requires detailed investigation to assess direct impact upon human beta-cell function and survival. We set out to evaluate the effects of FTY720 on human islets in vitro by investigating glucose-stimulated insulin and apoptosis; and in vivo, after transplantation into immunodeficient mice with chemically induced diabetes, by examining blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance tests and stimulated human C-peptide over a 50-day follow-up period. Our data showed that neither in vitro, nor in vivo human islet function was impaired by FTY720 exposure. Since FTY720 demonstrated no detrimental effects on human islet function in vitro or in vivo, emerging S1PR modulators may prove to be useful adjuncts in clinical islet transplantation through lack of diabetogenicity and potent immunological protection.
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Cytogenetic findings, Trp53 mutations, and hormone responsiveness in a medroxyprogesterone acetate induced murine breast cancer model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 161:130-9. [PMID: 16102583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 01/28/2005] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-induced mammary carcinomas express high levels of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and when transplanted in syngeneic mice they show a progestin-dependent (PD) growth pattern. By successive transplantation, progestin-independent (PI) variants were generated and showed a different response to antihormone therapy. A diploid chromosome number (2n=40) was found in three of five PD tumors, with numbers in the triploid to tetraploid range in the other two. Some PI tumors were diploid, but most were aneuploid (8 of 12 tumors). The most frequent alterations found in PD and PI tumors were gains of chromosomes 3, 4, and 6 and losses of chromosomes 16 and X. Chromosomes 4 and 7 were involved in translocations in three of the four tumor families studied. single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis revealed a point mutation on the Trp53 gene in one of the PD tumors; this showed a stable diploid karyotype, suggesting that mutated Trp53 is not uniquely involved in chromosome instability. We have shown that hormone independence may be acquired without changes in ploidy, suggesting that the increase in ploidy is favored by successive transplantation. In our model, diploid tumors responded to hormone treatment but aneuploid tumors were either responsive or not.
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Abstract
Topical literature and Web site databases provide genome sizes for approximately 4,000 animal species, invertebrates and vertebrates, 330 of which are mammals. We provide the genome size for 67 mammalian species, including 51 never reported before. Knowledge of genome size facilitates sequencing projects. The data presented here encompassed 5 Metatheria (order Didelphimorphia) and 62 Eutheria: 15 Xenarthra, 24 Euarchontoglires (Rodentia), as well as 23 Laurasiatheria (22 Chiroptera and 1 species from Perissodactyla). Already available karyotypes supplement the haploid nuclear DNA contents of the respective species. Thus, we established the first comprehensive set of genome size measurements for 15 Xenarthra species (armadillos) and for 12 house-mouse species; each group was previously represented by only one species. The Xenarthra exhibited much larger genomes than the modal 3 pg DNA known for mammals. Within the genus Mus, genome sizes varied between 2.98 pg and 3.68 pg. The 22 bat species we measured support the low 2.63 pg modal value for Chiroptera. In general, the genomes of Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria were found being smaller than those of (Afrotheria and) Xenarthra. Interspecific variation in genome sizes is discussed with particular attention to repetitive elements, which probably promoted the adaptation of extant mammals to their environment.
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Establishment of two hormone-responsive mouse mammary carcinoma cell lines derived from a metastatic mammary tumor. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2004; 83:233-44. [PMID: 14758093 DOI: 10.1023/b:brea.0000014044.02728.ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the establishment of two mouse mammary cancer cell lines, MC7-2A and MC7-2B obtained from a mouse mammary carcinoma induced by medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and maintained by syngeneic transplantation in BALB/c mice. They are epithelial (express cytokeratins) and express both estrogen receptors alpha (ERalpha) and progesterone receptors (PRs) isoforms A and B (western blots). In vitro, MPA inhibited 3H-thymidine uptake, starting from concentrations as low as 10(-13) M in MC7-2A and 10(10) M in MC7-2B; the antiprogestin RU 486 exerted a stimulatory effect at 10(-14) M in both cell lines; 17-beta-estradiol (E2) also exerted a stimulatory effect starting at 10(-10) M in MC7-2A and at 10(-13) M in MC7-2B. When transplanted in syngeneic mice, both cell lines originated adenocarcinomas that gave rise to lung metastases within 3 months. In in vivo studies, in MC7-2A, the antiprogestin inhibited completely tumor growth, E2 induced a slight although significant ( p < 0.05) stimulatory effect and MPA stimulated tumor growth while MC7-2B cells were unresponsive to all treatments. ER and PR were also expressed in tumors as assessed by immunohistochemistry. Two marker chromosomes were identified by FISH as translocations between chromosomes 4 and 7, and between chromosomes X and 2; the third marker chromosome remains unidentified. All these markers were also present in the parental tumor. A new marker, a centric fusion of chromosomes 2, was acquired in both cell lines. Considering that there are very few murine breast carcinoma responsive cell lines, these cells represent new tools in which the regulatory effect of hormones can be studied.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Markers
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/veterinary
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Metastasis/physiopathology
- Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
- Receptors, Estrogen/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Karyotypic evolution of four novel mouse mammary carcinoma cell lines. Identification of marker chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2003; 142:36-45. [PMID: 12660031 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the karyotypes of four different mammary carcinoma cell lines derived from a medroxy-progesterone acetate (MPA)-induced mouse mammary carcinoma using G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization. All the cell lines showed the same four marker chromosomes (M1-M4) as the parental tumor and also acquired new markers. M1 and M2 are Robertsonian translocations between chromosomes 1 and 10 and 2 and 17. M3 is an acrocentric marker derived from chromosomes 4, 5, and 12; M4 is derived from chromosomes 6 and 8. The parental tumor disclosed a modal number of 39, with a trisomy of chromosomes 3, 4, 10, and 11 and monosomies of 9, 13, and 16. MC4-L1 and MC4-L3 lines had a chromosome number similar to that of the parental tumor in early passages, which increased to the triploid range in late passages. MC4-L5 showed a near-diploid modal number in both early and late passages. MC4-L2 cells had a high chromosome number even in early passages. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which a complete characterization of the cytogenetics of murine mammary carcinoma cell lines and of their parental tumor is described. No associations between changes in ploidy, invasiveness, or hormone dependence were found. Conversely, the presence of one exclusive marker chromosome, a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 18 (M5), in the most aggressive and in vivo hormone-independent line suggests that this rearrangement may be associated with these biologic features. The constant presence of common marker chromosomes in both the parental tumor and the derived cell lines suggests that they are involved in the maintenance of this tumor phenotype.
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Chromosome studies of murine T-cell lymphoid leukemia and derived cell lines. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2001; 130:62-7. [PMID: 11672776 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several cell lines were previously established from a spontaneous murine T-cell leukemia (LB). The aim of this study was to analyze the G- and C-banded karyotypes of the parental LB tumor cells and the derived cell lines. A sensitive cell line (LBL) from which two sublines originated, as well as Vincristine (LBR-V160) and Doxorubicin (LBR-D160) resistant cell lines, were used. Our results showed that LB cells had a pseudo-diploid karyotype with 40 acrocentric chromosomes in which trisomy of chromosome 14 was the most relevant alteration. The sensitive cell line showed this alteration in all metaphases studied; no changes in karyotypes were observed in either subline, despite their dissimilar morphology and growth patterns. In contrast, both resistant lines displayed a more heterogeneous karyotype with no common markers, except for the finding that chromosome 5 was involved in a trisomy in LBR-V160 and in a translocation with chromosome 12 in LBR-D160. Taking into account that the mdr genes are located in chromosome 5, these results suggest a possible association between such alterations and the acquisition of drug resistance.
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Five novel hormone-responsive cell lines derived from murine mammary ductal carcinomas: in vivo and in vitro effects of estrogens and progestins. Cancer Res 2001; 61:293-302. [PMID: 11196177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an experimental model of mammary carcinogenesis in which the administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) to female BALB/c mice induces progestin-dependent ductal metastatic mammary tumors with high levels of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). Through selective transplants in untreated mice, we have obtained progestin-independent variants, still expressing high levels of ER and PR. Primary cultures of the MPA-induced carcinomas C4-HD and C7-HI were set up, and after 3-4 months, several different cell lines were obtained. Four of these, MC4-L1, MC4-L2, MC4-L3, and MC4-L5 were established from C4-HD and a fifth, MC7-L1, from C7-HI. All cells were of epithelial origin, as demonstrated by electron microscopy and by immunocytochemical identification of cytokeratin and cadherin. In vitro MC4-L1, MC4-L3, and MC4-L5 showed a typical epithelial morphology; when transplanted in vivo, they originated metastatic carcinomas with different degrees of differentiation. MC4-L2 and MC7-L1 deviated from the standard epithelial picture; they disclosed a spindle-shaped morphology in vitro and in vivo gave rise to a biphasic spindle cell/tubular carcinoma and an anaplastic carcinoma, respectively; both lines gave rise to metastases. This differential morphology correlated with a higher degree of aggressiveness, as compared with MC4-L1, MC4-L3, and MC4-L5. ERs and PRs were detected by binding, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot. In vitro, MC4-L2 and MC7-L1 were stimulated by MPA (nM to microM) and 17beta-estradiol (nM and 10 nM); no significant stimulation was observed in MC4-L1, MC4-L3, and MC4-L5 under the same experimental conditions. In vivo, MPA significantly stimulated tumor growth in all epithelioid lines but not in MC4-L2 and MC7-L1. A progestin-dependent growth pattern was confirmed for MC4-L1, MC4-L3, and MC4-L5 in successive transplants, whereas MC4-L2 and MC7-L1 behaved as progestin independent. This is the first description of mouse mammary carcinoma cell lines expressing ER and PR. The different in vitro hormone responses as compared with in vivo and the differential effects of 17beta-estradiol in the parental tumors and in cell lines render these lines useful tools for the in vitro and in vivo study of hormone regulation of tumor growth and metastases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Division/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Female
- Immunohistochemistry
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Electron
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/pathology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Sensitivity to CCK-4 in women with and without premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) during their follicular and luteal phases. Neuropsychopharmacology 1999; 20:81-91. [PMID: 9885787 DOI: 10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The authors determined whether women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) exhibit a heightened sensitivity to the panicogenic effects of CCK-4 administration and whether this enhanced sensitivity to CCK-4 would vary with the phase of the menstrual cycle at the time of CCK-4 injection. Twenty-one normal controls and 18 PMDD women were randomly assigned to receive the first and second CCK-4 injection during the follicular phase and the luteal phase or vice versa. PMDD women showed a greater anxiety and panic response to CCK-4. These preliminary results suggest that the CCK-B system may play a role in the pathophysiology of PMDD.
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Effect of oral ondansetron on total cholecystokinin plasma levels following CCK-4 panic challenge procedure in healthy men. J Psychiatry Neurosci 1998; 23:298-304. [PMID: 9846035 PMCID: PMC1188958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain insight into whether ondansetron treatment induces changes in total cholecystokinin (CCKT) plasma levels before and after administration of the cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) panic challenge procedure in healthy men. METHODS Thirty-eight volunteers received a 50-microgram bolus of CCK-4 60 minutes after a single oral dose (acute treatment) and multiple oral doses (chronic treatment) of ondansetron or placebo. RESULTS Results showed no difference in CCKT plasma levels of CCKT elimination rate constant between the ondansetron and the placebo groups after either acute or chronic treatment. CONCLUSION Results from this study suggest that total CCK plasma levels are not influenced by either acute or chronic treatment with ondansetron. However, the effect of ondansetron on the different CCK component fractions still needs exploration.
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Abstract
Cholecystokinin is a gastrointestinal and neuropeptide which has been implicated in a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes. We have developed a sensitive and specific assay system to measure the various forms of cholecystokinin (CCK) in human plasma. This 3-step system involves i) extraction of CCK fragments from plasma using reverse phase chromatography; ii) separation of peptides by high performance liquid chromatography; and iii) detection and quantification of peptides with a double-antibody radioimmunoassay, using an antibody raised against cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) coupled to thyroglobulin and 125I Bolton-Hunter CCK-4 as tracer. The antibody detects CCK-4, sulfated CCK-8 (CCK-8S) and nonsulfated CCK-8 (CCK-8ns) with equal affinity. The lower limit of detection is 2.7 fmol, with an ED50 of 10.6 +/- 2.2 fmol. Mean CCK-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) in the plasma of 12 healthy subjects was determined to be 12.9 +/- 2.1 pM CCK-4 equivalents. Concentrations of each individual peptide in plasma were determined to be 1.0 +/- 0.2 pM, 3.4 +/- 0.8 pM and 1.9 +/- 0.4 pM for CCK-4, CCK-8s and CCK-8ns respectively.
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The sex-determining zinc finger sequences in XY females of Akodon azarae (Rodentia, Cricetidae). CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS 1989; 52:162-6. [PMID: 2698322 DOI: 10.1159/000132869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Wild populations of Akodon azarae comprise females with a karyotype indistinguishable from that of males. These individuals were formerly assumed to be Xx, the x being an X chromosome with a deletion of most of its long arm. By using a DNA probe derived from the testis-determining region of the human Y chromosome (comprising a candidate gene for the testis-determining factor, Y-linked zinc finger [ZFY]), we demonstrate that A. azarae gonosomally variant females are XY and not Xx. The ZFY sequences in A. azarae are amplified and located in two different families of EcoRI fragments derived from Y-chromosome DNA. No rearrangement or change in the state of methylation of ZFY or ZFX (X-linked zinc finger) sequences were found in XY females. We propose that sex reversal in A. azarae may be mediated by a gene or genes other than ZFX or ZFY.
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Abstract
To determine the role of T lymphocytes in adult mice infected with Junin virus, 60-day-old athymic (nu/nu) mice and their immunocompetent (nu/+) littermates were inoculated intracerebrally with 10(3) TCD50 of the XJ strain. None of them exhibited neurologic illness during a 6-month observation period, and mortality was 3% for nu/nu and 7% for nu/+ animals. The main features in infected nu/nu mice were: high viral titers in brain, reaching a late peak (6.5 log/ml) 32 days postinoculation and persisting at least 6 months; low, late viremia appearing simultaneously with the viral peak in the central nervous system (CNS) and persisting up to 3 months after infection; absence of signs of neurologic disease or histologic lesions in brain and almost no mortality; and lack of detectable circulating antibodies either in IgM or in other immunoglobulins (Igs). Circulating anti-Junin antibodies were demonstrated in IgM and other Igs in immunocompetent mice, although no infectious virus or histologic lesions could be detected. These results show an important role for T lymphocytes in the clearance of Junin virus in the CNS, as demonstrated by viral persistence induced in adult athymic mice.
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Storage of tetracycline solutions for peritoneal lavage. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF EDINBURGH 1984; 29:379-80. [PMID: 6527324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Cytogenetics of the South American Akodont rodents (Cricetidae) X. Akodon mollis: a species with XY females and B chromosomes. Genetica 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00056483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cytogenetics of South American akodont rodents (Cricetidae). V. Segregation of chromosome No. 1 polymorphism in Akodon molinae. EXPERIENTIA 1979; 35:1438-9. [PMID: 510469 DOI: 10.1007/bf01962770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Akodon molinae is polymorphic with 2n=42, 43, 44, where the metacentric autosome No. 1 is homologous to 2 acrocentrics 1a and 1b. Matings between 2n=43 heterozygotes 1/1a, 1b gave a surplus of 1/1 offspring, a moderate reduction of heterozygous and a strong reduction of homozygous 1a, 1b/1a, 1b offspring. The latter type also has a highly reduced fertility.
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Cytogenetics of the South American akodont rodents (Cricetidae). IV. Interspecific crosses between Akodon dolores × Akodon molinae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402060305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
The bone marrow cells of BALB/c mice with T2 murine leukemia were analyzed cytogenetically. Of 98 leukemia metaphases, 16.3% were hypodiploid, 4.1% hyperdiploid, and 79.5% diploid. The distribution of G bands in diploid metaphases indicated that almost half of them were pseudodiploid, with chromosome abnormalities such as trisomies, monosomies, nullisomies, unidentified chromosomes, translocations, deletions, or duplications. Since all mouse chromosomes are acrocentric and can be identified only tentatively most of the anomalies detected with G-banding procedures would have passed unnoticed with conventional cytogenetic techniques. The C-banding pattern of leukemia cells did not differ from that of normal controls. However, a considerable number of leukemia cell metaphases had bridges connecting the centromeric C bands of two or more chromosomes. This phenomenon probably indicates an increased stickiness of the heterochromatin, which may produce mitotic nondisjunction and the appearance of monosomies and trisomies.
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A technique for chromosome analysis of small rodents without sacrificing the animal. EXPERIENTIA 1975; 31:698-9. [PMID: 1095392 DOI: 10.1007/bf01944637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mortality induced by adoptive immunity in Junin virus-infected athymic mice. Intervirology 1988; 29:61-7. [PMID: 2842272 DOI: 10.1159/000150030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of normal or sensitized spleen cell transfer from syngeneic euthymic mice to Junin virus-infected suckling athymic mice was studied. Transfer was performed 1 or 7 days after infection. In both cases, an acute lethal disease developed 6-11 days after transfer. The mortality reached 100% in all infected groups receiving normal or sensitized splenocytes, while it was negligible for different control groups of athymic mice. Transfer of normal or sensitized splenocytes was unable to significantly modify brain viral titers, as compared with infected nontransferred athymic mice killed after a 25-day observation period. Brain lesions were demonstrated in about half of the infected athymic mice transferred with sensitized splenocytes and in all euthymic infected mice. These results show that splenocyte transfer from immunocompetent donors is able to change the normal course of persistent Junin virus infection in nude mice to a lethal acute disease, thus pointing to a main role for T cells in its pathogenesis.
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