1
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Morace A, Abe Y, Honrubia JJ, Iwata N, Arikawa Y, Nakata Y, Johzaki T, Yogo A, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Ma T, Mariscal D, Sakagami H, Norimatsu T, Tsubakimoto K, Kawanaka J, Tokita S, Miyanaga N, Shiraga H, Sakawa Y, Nakai M, Azechi H, Fujioka S, Kodama R. Super-strong magnetic field-dominated ion beam dynamics in focusing plasma devices. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6876. [PMID: 35477961 PMCID: PMC9046386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High energy density physics is the field of physics dedicated to the study of matter and plasmas in extreme conditions of temperature, densities and pressures. It encompasses multiple disciplines such as material science, planetary science, laboratory and astrophysical plasma science. For the latter, high energy density states can be accompanied by extreme radiation environments and super-strong magnetic fields. The creation of high energy density states in the laboratory consists in concentrating/depositing large amounts of energy in a reduced mass, typically solid material sample or dense plasma, over a time shorter than the typical timescales of heat conduction and hydrodynamic expansion. Laser-generated, high current–density ion beams constitute an important tool for the creation of high energy density states in the laboratory. Focusing plasma devices, such as cone-targets are necessary in order to focus and direct these intense beams towards the heating sample or dense plasma, while protecting the proton generation foil from the harsh environments typical of an integrated high-power laser experiment. A full understanding of the ion beam dynamics in focusing devices is therefore necessary in order to properly design and interpret the numerous experiments in the field. In this work, we report a detailed investigation of large-scale, kilojoule-class laser-generated ion beam dynamics in focusing devices and we demonstrate that high-brilliance ion beams compress magnetic fields to amplitudes exceeding tens of kilo-Tesla, which in turn play a dominant role in the focusing process, resulting either in a worsening or enhancement of focusing capabilities depending on the target geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - J J Honrubia
- ETSI Aeronautica y del Espacio, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Nakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - T Johzaki
- Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - A Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - T Ma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
| | - D Mariscal
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
| | - H Sakagami
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - K Tsubakimoto
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - J Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - S Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - N Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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2
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Morace A, Iwata N, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Arikawa Y, Yogo A, Andreev A, Tosaki S, Vaisseau X, Abe Y, Kojima S, Sakata S, Hata M, Lee S, Matsuo K, Kamitsukasa N, Norimatsu T, Kawanaka J, Tokita S, Miyanaga N, Shiraga H, Sakawa Y, Nakai M, Nishimura H, Azechi H, Fujioka S, Kodama R. Enhancing laser beam performance by interfering intense laser beamlets. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2995. [PMID: 31278266 PMCID: PMC6611939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the laser energy absorption into energetic particle beams represents a longstanding quest in intense laser-plasma physics. During the interaction with matter, part of the laser energy is converted into relativistic electron beams, which are the origin of secondary sources of energetic ions, γ-rays and neutrons. Here we experimentally demonstrate that using multiple coherent laser beamlets spatially and temporally overlapped, thus producing an interference pattern in the laser focus, significantly improves the laser energy conversion efficiency into hot electrons, compared to one beam with the same energy and nominal intensity as the four beamlets combined. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations support the experimental results, suggesting that beamlet interference pattern induces a periodical shaping of the critical density, ultimately playing a key-role in enhancing the laser-to-electron energy conversion efficiency. This method is rather insensitive to laser pulse contrast and duration, making this approach robust and suitable to many existing facilities. Enhanced coupling of laser energy to the target particles is a fundamental issue in laser-plasma interactions. Here the authors demonstrate increased photon absorption leading into higher laser to electron and proton energy transfer through the interference of multiple coherent beamlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - N Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Andreev
- Max Born Institute for non-linear optics and short pulse spectroscopy, Berlin, 12489, Germany.,St. Petersburg State University, Sankt-Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - S Tosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - X Vaisseau
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Sakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Hata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Lee
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Matsuo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Kamitsukasa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
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3
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Nakai S, Nakatsuka M, Fujita H, Miyanaga N, Jitsuno T, Kanabe T, Izawa Y, Norimatsu T, Takagi M, Yamanaka T, Kato Y, Azechi H, Nishimura H, Shiraga H, Nakai M, Tanaka K, Kodama R, Takabe H, Nishihara K, Mima K, Kitagawa Y, Sakabe S, Yamanaka M, Kosaki Y, Yamanaka C, Sasaki T, Mori Y, Miyazaki K, Nishikawa M, Kan H, Hiruma T, Soman Y, Ito H, Perlado J, Alonso E, Munoz E, Sanz J. Laser Fusion Research at Ile Osaka University. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst96-a11963008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nakatsuka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Fujita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Jitsuno
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Kanabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Izawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Takagi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kato
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K.A. Tanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - R. Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Takabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Nishihara
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kitagawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - S. Sakabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - C. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Sasaki
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Mori
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Miyazaki
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nishikawa
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Kan
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 5000 Hirakuchi, Hamakita, Shizuoka 434 Japan
| | - T. Hiruma
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 5000 Hirakuchi, Hamakita, Shizuoka 434 Japan
| | - Y. Soman
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Ltd. 1-1-1 Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe 562 Japan
| | - H. Ito
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Ltd. 2-4-25 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136 Japan
- Members of Laser Fusion Reactor Committee of Laser Society of Japan
| | - J.M. Perlado
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - E. Alonso
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - E. Munoz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - J. Sanz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
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4
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Endo T, Shibata K, Kobayashi N, Yasuda M, Fujima Y, Norimatsu T. Experimental Characterization of Cooling-Induced Deformation of Polystyrene Shells. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst02-a17908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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5
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Iwano K, Iwamoto A, Asahina T, Yamanoi K, Arikawa Y, Nagatomo H, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Azechi H. Assessing infrared intensity using the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen inside a cryogenic integrating sphere for laser fusion targets. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:075103. [PMID: 28764534 DOI: 10.1063/1.4993617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) heating processes have been studied to form a deuterium layer in an inertial confinement fusion target. To understand the relationship between the IR intensity and the fuel layering time constant, we have developed a new method to assess the IR intensity during irradiation. In our method, a glass flask acting as a dummy target is filled with liquid hydrogen (LH2) and is then irradiated with 2-μm light. The IR intensity is subsequently calculated from the time constant of the LH2 evaporation rate. Although LH2 evaporation is also caused by the heat inflow from the surroundings and by the background heat, the evaporation rate due to IR heating can be accurately determined by acquiring the time constant with and without irradiation. The experimentally measured IR intensity is 0.66 mW/cm2, which agrees well with a value estimated by considering the IR photon energy balance. Our results suggest that the present method can be used to measure the IR intensity inside a cryogenic system during IR irradiation of laser fusion targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iwano
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Iwamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T Asahina
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Yamanoi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nagatomo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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6
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Homma H, Kadota H, Hosokawa H, Nagata M, Fujimura T, Nagai K, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Azechi H. Recent Developments in Fabrication of New Conceptual Gold Cone and Machining of Polystyrene Shell for Fast Ignition Target. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a11537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Homma
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Kadota
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Hosokawa
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M. Nagata
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Fujimura
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Chemical Resources Laboratory, 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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7
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Norimatsu T, Saika H, Homma H, Nakai M, Fukada S, Sagara A, Azechi H. Leakage Control of Tritium Through Heat Cycles of Conceptual-Design, Laser-Fusion Reactor KOYO-F. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - H. Saika
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - H. Homma
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - S. Fukada
- Dept. of Advanced Energy Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Kasugakohen, Kasuga 8168580 Japan
| | - A. Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshicho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871 Japan
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8
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Iwamoto A, Maekawa R, Mito T, Sakagami H, Motojima O, Nakai M, Nagai K, Fujimura T, Norimatsu T, Azechi H, Mima K. Preliminary Results of Fuel Layering on the Cryogenic Target for the FIREX Project. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Iwamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Fujimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Iwamoto A, Fujimura T, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Nagai K, Maekawa R, Sakagami H, Mito T, Motojima O, Azechi H, Mima K. Temperature Control in a Cryogenic Target with a Conical Laser Guide for Fuel Layering. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a8939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Iwamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Fujimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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10
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Norimatsu T, Shimada Y, Furukawa H, Kunugi T, Nakajima H, Kajimura Y, Tsuji R, Yoshida H, Mima K. Activities on the Laser Fusion Reactor KOYO-F in Japan. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a8928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- ILE, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan,
| | - Y. Shimada
- Institute for Laser Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Furukawa
- Institute for Laser Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Kunugi
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Nakajima
- Department of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y. Kajimura
- Department of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R. Tsuji
- Department of Engineering, Ibaraki University, Japan
| | - H. Yoshida
- Department of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- ILE, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan,
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11
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Mima K, Azechi H, Johzaki Y, Kitagawa Y, Kodama R, Kozaki Y, Miyanaga N, Nagai K, Nagatomo H, Nakai M, Nishimura H, Norimatsu T, Shiraga H, Tanaka KA, Izawa Y, Nakao Y, Sakagami H. Present Status of Fast Ignition Research and Prospects of FIREX Project. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Johzaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Kitagawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - R. Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Kozaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Nagatomo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. A. Tanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Izawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Nakao
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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12
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Muroga T, Sze DK, Okuno K, Terai T, Kimura A, Kurtz RJ, Sagara A, Nygren R, Ueda Y, Doerner RP, Sharpe JP, Kunugi T, Morley NB, Hatano Y, Sokolov MA, Yamamoto T, Hasegawa A, Katoh Y, Ohno N, Tokunaga K, Konishi S, Fukada S, Calderoni P, Yokomine T, Messadek K, Oya Y, Hashimoto N, Hinoki T, Hashizume H, Norimatsu T, Shikama T, Stoller RE, Tanaka KA, Tillack MS. Midterm Summary of Japan-US Fusion Cooperation Program TITAN. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Okuno
- Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T. Terai
- University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Y. Ueda
- Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N. Ohno
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Y. Oya
- Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
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13
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Norimatsu T, Harding D, Stephens R, Nikroo A, Petzoldt R, Yoshida H, Nagai K, Izawa Y. Fabrication, Injection, and Tracking of Fast Ignition Targets: Status and Future Prospects. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - D. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Stephens
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-560
| | - A. Nikroo
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-560
| | - R. Petzoldt
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-560
| | - H. Yoshida
- Gifu University, Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Y. Izawa
- Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
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14
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Norimatsu T, Kawanaka J, Miyanaga M, Azechi H, Mima K, Furukawa H, Kozaki Y, Tomabechi K. Conceptual Design of Fast Ignition Power Plant KOYO-F Driven by Cooled Yb:YAG Ceramic Laser. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst52-893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - J. Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - M. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - H. Furukawa
- Institute for Laser Engineering, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 5500004, Japan
| | - Y. Kozaki
- Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan
| | - K. Tomabechi
- IFE Forum, Institute for Laser Engineering, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 5500004, Japan
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15
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Yogo A, Mima K, Iwata N, Tosaki S, Morace A, Arikawa Y, Fujioka S, Johzaki T, Sentoku Y, Nishimura H, Sagisaka A, Matsuo K, Kamitsukasa N, Kojima S, Nagatomo H, Nakai M, Shiraga H, Murakami M, Tokita S, Kawanaka J, Miyanaga N, Yamanoi K, Norimatsu T, Sakagami H, Bulanov SV, Kondo K, Azechi H. Boosting laser-ion acceleration with multi-picosecond pulses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42451. [PMID: 28211913 PMCID: PMC5304168 DOI: 10.1038/srep42451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Using one of the world most powerful laser facility, we demonstrate for the first time that high-contrast multi-picosecond pulses are advantageous for proton acceleration. By extending the pulse duration from 1.5 to 6 ps with fixed laser intensity of 1018 W cm-2, the maximum proton energy is improved more than twice (from 13 to 33 MeV). At the same time, laser-energy conversion efficiency into the MeV protons is enhanced with an order of magnitude, achieving 5% for protons above 6 MeV with the 6 ps pulse duration. The proton energies observed are discussed using a plasma expansion model newly developed that takes the electron temperature evolution beyond the ponderomotive energy in the over picoseconds interaction into account. The present results are quite encouraging for realizing ion-driven fast ignition and novel ion beamlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photon Industries, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-1202, Japan
| | - N. Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Tosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Johzaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Y. Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Sagisaka
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Matsuo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Kamitsukasa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Nagatomo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - M. Murakami
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - J. Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - K. Yamanoi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. V. Bulanov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Abe Y, Hosoda H, Arikawa Y, Nagai T, Kojima S, Sakata S, Inoue H, Iwasa Y, Iwano K, Yamanoi K, Fujioka S, Nakai M, Sarukura N, Shiraga H, Norimatsu T, Azechi H. Characterizing a fast-response, low-afterglow liquid scintillator for neutron time-of-flight diagnostics in fast ignition experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E126. [PMID: 25430305 DOI: 10.1063/1.4896957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of oxygen-enriched liquid scintillators with very low afterglow are investigated and optimized for application to a single-hit neutron spectrometer for fast ignition experiments. It is found that 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene has better characteristics as a liquid scintillator solvent than the conventional solvent, p-xylene. In addition, a benzophenon-doped BBQ liquid scintillator is shown to demonstrate very rapid time response, and therefore has potential for further use in neutron diagnostics with fast time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Hosoda
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Sakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Inoue
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Iwasa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Iwano
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Yamanoi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Sarukura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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17
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Sakawa Y, Kuramitsu Y, Morita T, Kato T, Tanji H, Ide T, Nishio K, Kuwada M, Tsubouchi T, Ide H, Norimatsu T, Gregory C, Woolsey N, Schaar K, Murphy C, Gregori G, Diziere A, Pelka A, Koenig M, Wang S, Dong Q, Li Y, Park HS, Ross S, Kugland N, Ryutov D, Remington B, Spitkovsky A, Froula D, Takabe H. High-power laser experiments to study collisionless shock generation. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135915001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Shiraga H, Fujioka S, Nakai M, Watari T, Nakamura H, Arikawa Y, Hosoda H, Nagai T, Koga M, Kikuchi H, Ishii Y, Sogo T, Shigemori K, Nishimura H, Zhang Z, Tanabe M, Ohira S, Fujii Y, Namimoto T, Sakawa Y, Maegawa O, Ozaki T, Tanaka K, Habara H, Iwawaki T, Shimada K, Key M, Norreys P, Pasley J, Nagatomo H, Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Murakami M, Sakagami H, Taguchi T, Norimatsu T, Homma H, Fujimoto Y, Iwamoto A, Miyanaga N, Kawanaka J, Kanabe T, Jitsuno T, Nakata Y, Tsubakimoto K, Sueda K, Kodama R, Kondo K, Morio N, Matsuo S, Kawasaki T, Sawai K, Tsuji K, Murakami H, Sarukura N, Shimizu T, Mima K, Azechi H. Implosion and heating experiments of fast ignition targets by Gekko-XII and LFEX lasers. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135901008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Iwamoto A, Fujimura T, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Shiraga H, Azechi H, Fujimoto Y, Machi S, Sakagami H. Recent progress of fuel layering study for FIREX cryogenic target. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135912002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Nishio K, Sakawa Y, Kuramitsu Y, Morita T, Ide T, Kuwada M, Koga M, Kato T, Norimatsu T, Gregory C, Woolsey N, Murphy C, Gregori G, Schaar K, Diziere A, Koenig M, Pelka A, Wang S, Dong Q, Li Y, Takabe H. Laboratory experiments on plasma jets in a magnetic field using high-power lasers. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135915005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Morita T, Sakawa Y, Kuramitsu Y, Ide T, Nishio K, Kuwada M, Ide H, Tsubouchi K, Yoneda H, Nishida A, Namiki T, Norimatsu T, Tomita K, Nakayama K, Inoue K, Uchino K, Nakatsutsumi M, Pelka A, Koenig M, Dong Q, Yuan D, Gregori G, Takabe H. High Mach-number collisionless shock driven by a laser with an external magnetic field. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135915004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Nagai T, Arikawa Y, Hosoda H, Ioka Y, Hasegawa A, Wada K, Takaoku S, Takata M, Noritake K, Minami Y, Watanabe K, Yamanoi K, Nakamura H, Watari T, Cadatal-Raduban M, Shimizu T, Sarukura N, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Azechi H. Development of time-of-flight neutron detector with fast-decay and low-afterglow scintillator for fast ignition experiment. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135913012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Arikawa Y, Hosoda H, Nagai T, Watanabe K, Yamanoi K, Cadatal-Raduban M, Shimizu T, Sarukura N, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Azechi H, Izumi N, Murata T, Suyama T, Yoshikawa A, Kamada K, Usuki Y, Satoh N, Kan H. Multichannel down-scattered neutron detector for areal density measurement. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135913011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Osaki M, Tatsuki K, Hashikawa T, Norimatsu T, Chiba K, Motokawa S, Furuichi I, Doiguchi Y, Aoyagi K, Shindo H. Beneficial effect of risedronate for preventing recurrent hip fracture in the elderly Japanese women. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:695-703. [PMID: 21394496 PMCID: PMC3261386 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY A 36-month observational study compared the incidence of unaffected side hip fracture in Japanese female osteoporosis patients with a history of hip fracture between 173 patients receiving risedronate and 356 risedronate-untreated controls. New hip fractures were significantly less frequent in the risedronate group, suggesting a preventive effect in high-risk patients. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of risedronate on second hip fracture immediately following a first hip fracture in Japanese female osteoporosis patients with unilateral hip fracture. METHODS We conducted a prospective matched cohort study in 184 patients treated with risedronate and 445 patients not receiving risedronate after discharge from hospital. Both groups were followed-up for 36 months, and the incidence of unaffected side hip fracture and the frequency of adverse events were assessed. RESULTS Efficacy could be investigated in 173 patients from the risedronate group and 356 patients from the control group. Hip fracture was detected in 5 and 32 patients, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 36-month fracture incidence were 4.3% in the risedronate group and 13.1% in the control group (P = 0.010, log-rank test). The hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) obtained by univariate and multivariate analysis were 0.310 (0.121-0.796) and 0.218 (0.074-0.639), respectively, indicating a significantly lower incidence of unaffected side hip fracture in the risedronate group. Adverse events occurred in 38 patients (48 events) from the risedronate group and 94 patients (108 events) from the control group, with serious adverse events in 21 patients (26 events) and 78 patients (88 events), respectively. CONCLUSIONS No significant differences were observed between the two groups. The incidence of unaffected side hip fracture was significantly lower in the risedronate group. Accordingly, risedronate may have a preventive effect on hip fracture in high-risk Japanese female osteoporosis patients for fracture with a history of unilateral hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
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25
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Kawara Z, Yamamoto K, Kunugi T, Norimatsu T. Investigation of liquid-film formation along first wall of laser-fusion reactor. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Arikawa Y, Yamanoi K, Nakazato T, Estacio ES, Shimizu T, Sarukura N, Nakai M, Hosoda H, Norimatsu T, Hironaka Y, Azechi H, Izumi N, Murata T, Fujino S, Yoshida H, Kamada K, Usuki Y, Suyama T, Yoshikawa A, Satoh N, Kan H. Down-scattered neutron imaging detector for areal density measurement of inertial confinement fusion. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D303. [PMID: 21033829 DOI: 10.1063/1.3475535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A custom developed (6)Li glass scintillator (APLF80+3Pr) for down-scattered neutron diagnostics in inertial confinement fusion experiments is presented. (6)Li provides an enhanced sensitivity for down-scattered neutrons in DD fusion and its experimentally observed 5-6 ns response time fulfills the requirement for down-scattered neutron detectors. A time-of-flight detector operating in the current mode using the APLF80+3Pr was designed and its feasibility observing down-scattered neutrons was demonstrated. Furthermore, a prototype design for a down-scattered neutron imaging detector was also demonstrated. This material promises viability as a future down-scattered neutron detector for the National Ignition Facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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27
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Sakawa Y, Nakamura H, Oshima S, Hatakeyama M, Kageiwa N, Hino S, Tanimoto S, Tanabe M, Habara H, Homma H, Norimatsu T, Jitsuno T, Cai H, Zhou W, Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Nagatomo H, Nishimura H, Tanaka KA, Mima K, Azechi H. A model experiment of a double-cone target using a gap target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Iwamoto A, Fujimura T, Nakai M, Nagai K, Norimatsu T, Azechi H, Maekawa R, Sakagami H. Study on possible fuel layering sequence for FIREX target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Fujimura T, Nakai M, Iwamoto A, Hayashi N, Tanabe M, Izawa YU, Nagai K, Homma H, Nishimura H, Norimatsu T, Azechi H. Laser machining for fabrication of targets used in the FIREX-I project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Azechi H, Sakaiya T, Watari T, Karasik M, Saito H, Ohtani K, Takeda K, Hosoda H, Shiraga H, Nakai M, Shigemori K, Fujioka S, Murakami M, Nagatomo H, Johzaki T, Gardner J, Colombant DG, Bates JW, Velikovich AL, Aglitskiy Y, Weaver J, Obenschain S, Eliezer S, Kodama R, Norimatsu T, Fujita H, Mima K, Kan H. Experimental evidence of impact ignition: 100-fold increase of neutron yield by impactor collision. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:235002. [PMID: 19658942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.235002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We performed integrated experiments on impact ignition, in which a portion of a deuterated polystyrene (CD) shell was accelerated to about 600 km/s and was collided with precompressed CD fuel. The kinetic energy of the impactor was efficiently converted into thermal energy generating a temperature of about 1.6 keV. We achieved a two-order-of-magnitude increase in the neutron yield by optimizing the timing of the impact collision, demonstrating the high potential of impact ignition for fusion energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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31
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Nakamura H, Chrisman B, Tanimoto T, Borghesi M, Kondo K, Nakatsutsumi M, Norimatsu T, Tampo M, Tanaka KA, Yabuuchi T, Sentoku Y, Kodama R. Superthermal and efficient-heating modes in the interaction of a cone target with ultraintense laser light. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:045009. [PMID: 19257436 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.045009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between a relativistic-intensity laser pulse and a cone-wire target are studied by changing the focusing point of the pulse. The pulse, when focused on the sidewall of the cone, produced superthermal electrons with an energy >10 MeV, whereas less energetic electrons approximately 1 MeV were produced by the pulse when focused on the cone tip. Efficient heating of the wire was indicated by significant neutron signals observed when the pulse was focused on the tip. Particle-in-cell simulation results show reduced heating of the wire due to energetic electrons produced by specularly reflected light at the sidewall.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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32
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Kunugi T, Nakai T, Kawara Z, Norimatsu T, Kozaki Y. Investigation of cascade-type falling liquid-film along first wall of laser-fusion reactor. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Fukada S, Edao Y, Yamaguti S, Norimatsu T. Tritium recovery system for Li–Pb loop of inertial fusion reactor. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Rassuchine J, d'Humières E, Baton S, Fuchs J, Guillou P, Koenig M, Kodama R, Nakatsutsumi M, Norimatsu T, Batani D, Morace A, Redaelli R, Gremillet L, Rousseaux C, Dorchies F, Fourment C, Santos JJ, Adams J, Korgan G, Malekos S, Sentoku Y, Cowan TE. Enhanced energy localization and heating in high contrast ultra-intense laser produced plasmas via novel conical micro-target design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/112/2/022050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Nakamura H, Sentoku Y, Matsuoka T, Kondo K, Nakatsutsumi M, Norimatsu T, Shiraga H, Tanaka KA, Yabuuchi T, Kodama R. Fast heating of cylindrically imploded plasmas by petawatt laser light. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:165001. [PMID: 18518210 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We produced cylindrically imploded plasmas, which have the same density-radius product of the imploded plasma rhoR with the compressed core in the fast ignition experiment and demonstrated efficient fast heating of cylindrically imploded plasmas with an ultraintense laser light. The coupling efficiency from the laser to the imploded column was 14%-21%, implying strong collimation of energetic electrons over a distance of 300 microm of the plasma. Particle-in-cell simulation shows confinement of the energetic electrons by self-generated magnetic and electrostatic fields excited along the imploded plasmas, and the efficient fast heating in the compressed region.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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36
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Lei AL, Pukhov A, Kodama R, Yabuuchi T, Adumi K, Endo K, Freeman RR, Habara H, Kitagawa Y, Kondo K, Kumar GR, Matsuoka T, Mima K, Nagatomo H, Norimatsu T, Shorokhov O, Snavely R, Yang XQ, Zheng J, Tanaka KA. Relativistic laser channeling in plasmas for fast ignition. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 76:066403. [PMID: 18233928 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental observation suggesting plasma channel formation by focusing a relativistic laser pulse into a long-scale-length preformed plasma. The channel direction coincides with the laser axis. Laser light transmittance measurement indicates laser channeling into the high-density plasma with relativistic self-focusing. A three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation reproduces the plasma channel and reveals that the collimated hot-electron beam is generated along the laser axis in the laser channeling. These findings hold the promising possibility of fast heating a dense fuel plasma with a relativistic laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Lei
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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37
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Lei AL, Tanaka KA, Kodama R, Kumar GR, Nagai K, Norimatsu T, Yabuuchi T, Mima K. Optimum hot electron production with low-density foams for laser fusion by fast ignition. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:255006. [PMID: 16907316 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.255006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a foam cone-in-shell target design aiming at optimum hot electron production for the fast ignition. A thin low-density foam is proposed to cover the inner tip of a gold cone inserted in a fuel shell. An intense laser is then focused on the foam to generate hot electrons for the fast ignition. Element experiments demonstrate increased laser energy coupling efficiency into hot electrons without increasing the electron temperature and beam divergence with foam coated targets in comparison with solid targets. This may enhance the laser energy deposition in the compressed fuel plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Lei
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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38
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Dezulian R, Canova F, Barbanotti S, Orsenigo F, Redaelli R, Vinci T, Lucchini G, Batani D, Rus B, Polan J, Kozlová M, Stupka M, Praeg AR, Homer P, Havlicek T, Soukup M, Krousky E, Skala J, Dudzak R, Pfeifer M, Nishimura H, Nagai K, Ito F, Norimatsu T, Kilpio A, Shashkov E, Stuchebrukhov I, Vovchenko V, Chernomyrdin V, Krasuyk I. Hugoniot data of plastic foams obtained from laser-driven shocks. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 73:047401. [PMID: 16711961 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.047401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2005] [Revised: 11/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present Hugoniot data for plastic foams obtained with laser-driven shocks. Relative equation-of-state data for foams were obtained using Al as a reference material. The diagnostics consisted in the detection of shock breakout from double layer Al/foam targets. The foams [poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) with density 130 > rho > 60 mg/cm3] were produced at the Institute of Laser Engineering of Osaka University. The experiment was performed using the Prague PALS iodine laser working at 0.44 microm wavelength and irradiances up to a few 10(14) W/cm2. Pressures as high as 3.6 Mbar (previously unreached for such low-density materials) where generated in the foams. Samples with four different values of initial density were used, in order to explore a wider region of the phase diagram. Shock acceleration when the shock crosses the Al/foam interface was also measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dezulian
- Dipartimento di Fisica G. Occhialini, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
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39
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Iwamoto A, Maekawa R, Mito T, Okamoto M, Motojima O, Sugito S, Okada K, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Nagai K. Cool-down performance of the apparatus for the cryogenic target of the FIREX project. Fusion Engineering and Design 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Kodama R, Sentoku Y, Chen ZL, Kumar GR, Hatchett SP, Toyama Y, Cowan TE, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Izawa Y, Key MH, Kitagawa Y, Kondo K, Matsuoka T, Nakamura H, Nakatsutsumi M, Norreys PA, Norimatsu T, Snavely RA, Stephens RB, Tampo M, Tanaka KA, Yabuuchi T. Plasma devices to guide and collimate a high density of MeV electrons. Nature 2005; 432:1005-8. [PMID: 15616556 DOI: 10.1038/nature03133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2004] [Accepted: 10/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of ultra-intense lasers has facilitated new studies in laboratory astrophysics and high-density nuclear science, including laser fusion. Such research relies on the efficient generation of enormous numbers of high-energy charged particles. For example, laser-matter interactions at petawatt (10(15) W) power levels can create pulses of MeV electrons with current densities as large as 10(12) A cm(-2). However, the divergence of these particle beams usually reduces the current density to a few times 10(6) A cm(-2) at distances of the order of centimetres from the source. The invention of devices that can direct such intense, pulsed energetic beams will revolutionize their applications. Here we report high-conductivity devices consisting of transient plasmas that increase the energy density of MeV electrons generated in laser-matter interactions by more than one order of magnitude. A plasma fibre created on a hollow-cone target guides and collimates electrons in a manner akin to the control of light by an optical fibre and collimator. Such plasma devices hold promise for applications using high energy-density particles and should trigger growth in charged particle optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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41
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Habara H, Lancaster KL, Karsch S, Murphy CD, Norreys PA, Evans RG, Borghesi M, Romagnani L, Zepf M, Norimatsu T, Toyama Y, Kodama R, King JA, Snavely R, Akli K, Zhang B, Freeman R, Hatchett S, MacKinnon AJ, Patel P, Key MH, Stoeckl C, Stephens RB, Fonseca RA, Silva LO. Ion acceleration from the shock front induced by hole boring in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 70:046414. [PMID: 15600537 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.70.046414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2003] [Revised: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ion-acceleration processes have been studied in ultraintense laser plasma interactions for normal incidence irradiation of solid deuterated targets via neutron spectroscopy. The experimental neutron spectra strongly suggest that the ions are preferentially accelerated radially, rather than into the bulk of the material from three-dimensional Monte Carlo fitting of the neutron spectra. Although the laser system has a 10(-7) contrast ratio, a two-dimensional magnetic hydrodynamics simulation shows that the laser pedestal generates a 10 mum scale length in the coronal plasma with a 3 mum scale-length plasma near the critical density. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, incorporating this realistic density profile, indicate that the acceleration of the ions is caused by a collisionless shock formation. This has implications for modeling energy transport in solid density plasmas as well as cone-focused fast ignition using the next generation PW lasers currently under construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Habara
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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42
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Zheng J, Tanaka KA, Sato T, Yabuuchi T, Kurahashi T, Kitagawa Y, Kodama R, Norimatsu T, Yamanaka T. Study of hot electrons by measurement of optical emission from the rear surface of a metallic foil irradiated with ultraintense laser pulse. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:165001. [PMID: 15169237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hot electrons and optical emission are measured from the rear surface of a metallic foil. The spectra of the optical emission in the near infrared region have a sharp spike around the wavelength of the incident laser pulse. The optical emission is ascribed to coherent transition radiation due to microbunching in the hot electron beam. It is found that the optical emission closely correlates with the hot electrons accelerated in resonance absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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43
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Okihara S, Esirkepov TZ, Nagai K, Shimizu S, Sato F, Hashida M, Iida T, Nishihara K, Norimatsu T, Izawa Y, Sakabe S. Ion generation in a low-density plastic foam by interaction with intense femtosecond laser pulses. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 69:026401. [PMID: 14995560 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.69.026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Energetic proton generation in low-density plastic (C5H10) foam by intense femtosecond laser pulse irradiation has been studied experimentally and numerically. Plastic foam was successfully produced by a sol-gel method, achieving an average density of 10 mg/cm(3). The foam target was irradiated by 100 fs pulses of a laser intensity 1 x 10(18) W/cm(2). A plateau structure extending up to 200 keV was observed in the energy distribution of protons generated from the foam target, with the plateau shape well explained by Coulomb explosion of lamella in the foam. The laser-foam interaction and ion generation were studied qualitatively by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, which indicated that energetic protons are mainly generated by the Coulomb explosion. From the results, the efficiency of energetic ion generation in a low-density foam target by Coulomb explosion is expected to be higher than in a gas-cluster target.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Okihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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44
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Goodin D, Nobile A, Hoffer J, Nikroo A, Besenbruch G, Brown L, Maxwell J, Meier W, Norimatsu T, Pulsifer J, Rickman W, Steckle W, Stephens E, Tillack M. Addressing the issues of target fabrication and injection for inertial fusion energy. Fusion Engineering and Design 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(03)00168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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45
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Izumi N, Sentoku Y, Habara H, Takahashi K, Ohtani F, Sonomoto T, Kodama R, Norimatsu T, Fujita H, Kitagawa Y, Mima K, Tanaka KA, Yamanaka T. Observation of neutron spectrum produced by fast deuterons via ultraintense laser plasma interactions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:036413. [PMID: 11909268 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.036413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the first precise spectral measurement of fast neutrons produced in a deuterated plastic target irradiated by an ultraintense sub-picosecond laser pulse. The 500-fs, 50-J, 1054-nm laser pulse was focused on the deuterated polystyrene target with an intensity of 2 x 10(19) W/cm(2). The neutron spectra were observed at 55 degrees and 90 degrees to the rear target normal. The neutron emission was 7 x 10(4) per steradian for each detector. The observed neutron spectra prove the acceleration of deuterons and neutron production by d(d,n)3He reactions in the target. The neutron spectra were compared with Monte Carlo simulation results and the deuteron's directional anisotropy and energy spectrum were studied. We conclude that 2% of the laser energy was converted to deuterons, which has an energy range of 30 keV up to 3 MeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Izumi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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46
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Kang YG, Nishihara K, Nishimura H, Takabe H, Sunahara A, Norimatsu T, Nagai K, Kim H, Nakatsuka M, Kong HJ, Zabusky NJ. Blast-wave-sphere interaction using a laser-produced plasma: an experiment motivated by supernova 1987A. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:047402. [PMID: 11690182 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.047402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present x-ray shadowgraphs from a high Mach number ( approximately 20) laboratory environment that simulate outward flowing ejecta matter from supernovae that interact with ambient cloud matter. Using a laser-plastic foil interaction, we generate a "complex" blast wave (a supersonic flow containing forward and reverse shock waves and a contact discontinuity between them) that interacts with a high-density (100 times ambient) sphere. The experimental results, including vorticity localization, compare favorably with two-dimensional axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Kang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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47
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Norimatsu T, Nagai K, Takaki T, Yamanaka T. Issues in capsule fabrication and injection into a wet-walled IFE reactor. Fusion Engineering and Design 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(01)00182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Kodama R, Norreys PA, Mima K, Dangor AE, Evans RG, Fujita H, Kitagawa Y, Krushelnick K, Miyakoshi T, Miyanaga N, Norimatsu T, Rose SJ, Shozaki T, Shigemori K, Sunahara A, Tampo M, Tanaka KA, Toyama Y, Yamanaka T, Zepf M. Fast heating of ultrahigh-density plasma as a step towards laser fusion ignition. Nature 2001; 412:798-802. [PMID: 11518960 DOI: 10.1038/35090525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Modern high-power lasers can generate extreme states of matter that are relevant to astrophysics, equation-of-state studies and fusion energy research. Laser-driven implosions of spherical polymer shells have, for example, achieved an increase in density of 1,000 times relative to the solid state. These densities are large enough to enable controlled fusion, but to achieve energy gain a small volume of compressed fuel (known as the 'spark') must be heated to temperatures of about 108 K (corresponding to thermal energies in excess of 10 keV). In the conventional approach to controlled fusion, the spark is both produced and heated by accurately timed shock waves, but this process requires both precise implosion symmetry and a very large drive energy. In principle, these requirements can be significantly relaxed by performing the compression and fast heating separately; however, this 'fast ignitor' approach also suffers drawbacks, such as propagation losses and deflection of the ultra-intense laser pulse by the plasma surrounding the compressed fuel. Here we employ a new compression geometry that eliminates these problems; we combine production of compressed matter in a laser-driven implosion with picosecond-fast heating by a laser pulse timed to coincide with the peak compression. Our approach therefore permits efficient compression and heating to be carried out simultaneously, providing a route to efficient fusion energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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49
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Nagai K, Nakajima M, Norimatsu T, Izawa Y, Yamanaka T. Solvent removal during curing process of highly spheric and monodispersed-sized polystyrene capsules from density-matched emulsions composed of water and benzene/1,2-dichloroethane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0518(20000915)38:18<3412::aid-pola210>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Norimatsu T, Izawa Y, Mima K, Gresho PM. Modeling of the Centering Force in a Compound Emulsion to Make Uniform Plastic Shells for Laser Fusion Targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.13182/fst99-a11963918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- ILE, Osaka University 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan (81)-6-879-8779
| | - Y. Izawa
- ILE, Osaka University 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan (81)-6-879-8722
| | - K. Mima
- ILE, Osaka University 2-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan (81)-6-879-8700
| | - P. M. Gresho
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, L-481 Livermore, CA 94550, USA 925-422-1812
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