1
|
Axfors C, Schmitt AM, Janiaud P, Van't Hooft J, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdo EF, Abella BS, Akram J, Amaravadi RK, Angus DC, Arabi YM, Azhar S, Baden LR, Baker AW, Belkhir L, Benfield T, Berrevoets MAH, Chen CP, Chen TC, Cheng SH, Cheng CY, Chung WS, Cohen YZ, Cowan LN, Dalgard O, de Almeida E Val FF, de Lacerda MVG, de Melo GC, Derde L, Dubee V, Elfakir A, Gordon AC, Hernandez-Cardenas CM, Hills T, Hoepelman AIM, Huang YW, Igau B, Jin R, Jurado-Camacho F, Khan KS, Kremsner PG, Kreuels B, Kuo CY, Le T, Lin YC, Lin WP, Lin TH, Lyngbakken MN, McArthur C, McVerry BJ, Meza-Meneses P, Monteiro WM, Morpeth SC, Mourad A, Mulligan MJ, Murthy S, Naggie S, Narayanasamy S, Nichol A, Novack LA, O'Brien SM, Okeke NL, Perez L, Perez-Padilla R, Perrin L, Remigio-Luna A, Rivera-Martinez NE, Rockhold FW, Rodriguez-Llamazares S, Rolfe R, Rosa R, Røsjø H, Sampaio VS, Seto TB, Shahzad M, Soliman S, Stout JE, Thirion-Romero I, Troxel AB, Tseng TY, Turner NA, Ulrich RJ, Walsh SR, Webb SA, Weehuizen JM, Velinova M, Wong HL, Wrenn R, Zampieri FG, Zhong W, Moher D, Goodman SN, Ioannidis JPA, Hemkens LG. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1075. [PMID: 38316844 PMCID: PMC10844287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Axfors
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas M Schmitt
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Perrine Janiaud
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janneke Van't Hooft
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ehab F Abdo
- Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Benjamin S Abella
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Javed Akram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vice Chancellor, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Derek C Angus
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- the UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yaseen M Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehnoor Azhar
- Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Lindsey R Baden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur W Baker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Leila Belkhir
- Infectious Diseases Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Marvin A H Berrevoets
- Department of Internal Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Pin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsing Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Olav Dalgard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marcus V G de Lacerda
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane - ILMD, FIOCRUZ-AM, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Gisely C de Melo
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Lennie Derde
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Intensive Care Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Dubee
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Anthony C Gordon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care Medicine, Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Carmen M Hernandez-Cardenas
- Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Thomas Hills
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andy I M Hoepelman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Felipe Jurado-Camacho
- Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Khalid S Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of Granada, Hospital Real, Avenida del Hospicio, Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benno Kreuels
- Department of Medicine, Division of Tropical Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Pu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Colin McArthur
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan J McVerry
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Wuelton M Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Ahmad Mourad
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mark J Mulligan
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- University of British Columbia School of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Susanna Naggie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shanti Narayanasamy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alistair Nichol
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lewis A Novack
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean M O'Brien
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Rogelio Perez-Padilla
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Arantxa Remigio-Luna
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Frank W Rockhold
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Robert Rolfe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Helge Røsjø
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Vanderson S Sampaio
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Todd B Seto
- University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaimaa Soliman
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Jason E Stout
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ireri Thirion-Romero
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea B Troxel
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas A Turner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Ulrich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen R Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steve A Webb
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Jesper M Weehuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hon-Lai Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rebekah Wrenn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Fernando G Zampieri
- Research Institute, HCor-Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, BRICNet-Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network, São Paulo, Brazil
- IDor Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven N Goodman
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars G Hemkens
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao YJ, Yang CR, Tseng TY, Chang HJ, Lin TJ, Luo GL, Hou FJ, Wu YC, Chang-Liao KS. High-Performance P- and N-Type SiGe/Si Strained Super-Lattice FinFET and CMOS Inverter: Comparison of Si and SiGe FinFET. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1310. [PMID: 37110895 PMCID: PMC10145376 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This research presents the optimization and proposal of P- and N-type 3-stacked Si0.8Ge0.2/Si strained super-lattice FinFETs (SL FinFET) using Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD) epitaxy. Three device structures, Si FinFET, Si0.8Ge0.2 FinFET, and Si0.8Ge0.2/Si SL FinFET, were comprehensively compared with HfO2 = 4 nm/TiN = 80 nm. The strained effect was analyzed using Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction reciprocal space mapping (RSM). The results show that Si0.8Ge0.2/Si SL FinFET exhibited the lowest average subthreshold slope (SSavg) of 88 mV/dec, the highest maximum transconductance (Gm, max) of 375.2 μS/μm, and the highest ON-OFF current ratio (ION/IOFF), approximately 106 at VOV = 0.5 V due to the strained effect. Furthermore, with the super-lattice FinFETs as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverters, a maximum gain of 91 v/v was achieved by varying the supply voltage from 0.6 V to 1.2 V. The simulation of a Si0.8Ge0.2/Si super-lattice FinFET with the state of the art was also investigated. The proposed Si0.8Ge0.2/Si strained SL FinFET is fully compatible with the CMOS technology platform, showing promising flexibility for extending CMOS scaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Yao
- College of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Ru Yang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Heng-Jia Chang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Tsai-Jung Lin
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Guang-Li Luo
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (F.-J.H.)
| | - Fu-Ju Hou
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan; (G.-L.L.); (F.-J.H.)
| | - Yung-Chun Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Kuei-Shu Chang-Liao
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-R.Y.); (T.-Y.T.); (H.-J.C.); (T.-J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Axfors C, Schmitt AM, Janiaud P, van’t Hooft J, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdo EF, Abella BS, Akram J, Amaravadi RK, Angus DC, Arabi YM, Azhar S, Baden LR, Baker AW, Belkhir L, Benfield T, Berrevoets MAH, Chen CP, Chen TC, Cheng SH, Cheng CY, Chung WS, Cohen YZ, Cowan LN, Dalgard O, de Almeida e Val FF, de Lacerda MVG, de Melo GC, Derde L, Dubee V, Elfakir A, Gordon AC, Hernandez-Cardenas CM, Hills T, Hoepelman AIM, Huang YW, Igau B, Jin R, Jurado-Camacho F, Khan KS, Kremsner PG, Kreuels B, Kuo CY, Le T, Lin YC, Lin WP, Lin TH, Lyngbakken MN, McArthur C, McVerry BJ, Meza-Meneses P, Monteiro WM, Morpeth SC, Mourad A, Mulligan MJ, Murthy S, Naggie S, Narayanasamy S, Nichol A, Novack LA, O’Brien SM, Okeke NL, Perez L, Perez-Padilla R, Perrin L, Remigio-Luna A, Rivera-Martinez NE, Rockhold FW, Rodriguez-Llamazares S, Rolfe R, Rosa R, Røsjø H, Sampaio VS, Seto TB, Shahzad M, Soliman S, Stout JE, Thirion-Romero I, Troxel AB, Tseng TY, Turner NA, Ulrich RJ, Walsh SR, Webb SA, Weehuizen JM, Velinova M, Wong HL, Wrenn R, Zampieri FG, Zhong W, Moher D, Goodman SN, Ioannidis JPA, Hemkens LG. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3001. [PMID: 33990619 PMCID: PMC8121133 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Axfors
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department for Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas M. Schmitt
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Department of Medical Oncology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Perrine Janiaud
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janneke van’t Hooft
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.7177.60000000084992262Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ehab F. Abdo
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XTropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Benjamin S. Abella
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Javed Akram
- grid.412956.dDepartment of Internal Medicine, Vice Chancellor, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Ravi K. Amaravadi
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Derek C. Angus
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000the UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Yaseen M. Arabi
- grid.412149.b0000 0004 0608 0662Intensive Care Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehnoor Azhar
- grid.412956.dDepartment of Public Health, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Lindsey R. Baden
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Arthur W. Baker
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Leila Belkhir
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XInfectious Diseases Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Benfield
- grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Marvin A. H. Berrevoets
- grid.416373.4Department of Internal Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Pin Chen
- grid.454740.6Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chia Chen
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsing Cheng
- grid.454740.6Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- grid.454740.6Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Chung
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Lisa N. Cowan
- grid.417555.70000 0000 8814 392XSanofi, Bridgewater, NJ USA
| | - Olav Dalgard
- grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marcus V. G. de Lacerda
- grid.418153.a0000 0004 0486 0972Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM Brazil ,Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane – ILMD, FIOCRUZ-AM, Manaus, AM Brazil
| | - Gisely C. de Melo
- grid.418153.a0000 0004 0486 0972Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM Brazil ,grid.412290.c0000 0000 8024 0602Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM Brazil
| | - Lennie Derde
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands ,grid.7692.a0000000090126352Intensive Care Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Dubee
- grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Anthony C. Gordon
- grid.417895.60000 0001 0693 2181Department of Surgery and Cancer, Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care Medicine, Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Carmen M. Hernandez-Cardenas
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Thomas Hills
- grid.415117.70000 0004 0445 6830Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand ,grid.414055.10000 0000 9027 2851Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andy I. M. Hoepelman
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Bruno Igau
- grid.417555.70000 0000 8814 392XSanofi, Bridgewater, NJ USA
| | - Ronghua Jin
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Felipe Jurado-Camacho
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Khalid S. Khan
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of Granada, Hospital Real, Avenida del Hospicio, Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Peter G. Kremsner
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.452268.fCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon ,grid.452463.2German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benno Kreuels
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Medicine, Division of Tropical Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.424065.10000 0001 0701 3136Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Le
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- grid.454740.6Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Pu Lin
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Lin
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDivision of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Colin McArthur
- grid.415117.70000 0004 0445 6830Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand ,grid.414055.10000 0000 9027 2851Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Bryan J. McVerry
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | | | - Wuelton M. Monteiro
- grid.418153.a0000 0004 0486 0972Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM Brazil ,grid.412290.c0000 0000 8024 0602Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM Brazil
| | - Susan C. Morpeth
- grid.415534.20000 0004 0372 0644Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ahmad Mourad
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Mark J. Mulligan
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830University of British Columbia School of Medicine, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Susanna Naggie
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Shanti Narayanasamy
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Alistair Nichol
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.267362.40000 0004 0432 5259Department of Intensive Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.412751.40000 0001 0315 8143Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lewis A. Novack
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sean M. O’Brien
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC USA
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | | | - Rogelio Perez-Padilla
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Arantxa Remigio-Luna
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Frank W. Rockhold
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC USA
| | - Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Robert Rolfe
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Rossana Rosa
- grid.430652.60000 0004 0396 2096UnityPoint Health, Des Moines, IA USA
| | - Helge Røsjø
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDivision of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Vanderson S. Sampaio
- grid.418153.a0000 0004 0486 0972Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM Brazil ,Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, AM Brazil
| | - Todd B. Seto
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI USA ,grid.415594.8The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- grid.412956.dDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Shaimaa Soliman
- grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Public Health and Community Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Jason E. Stout
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ireri Thirion-Romero
- grid.419179.30000 0000 8515 3604Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea B. Troxel
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas A. Turner
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Robert J. Ulrich
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Stephen R. Walsh
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Steve A. Webb
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.460013.0St. John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA Australia
| | - Jesper M. Weehuizen
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hon-Lai Wong
- grid.454740.6Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rebekah Wrenn
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - Fernando G. Zampieri
- grid.477370.00000 0004 0454 243XResearch Institute, HCor-Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil ,Research Institute, BRICNet - Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network, São Paulo, Brazil ,IDor Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wu Zhong
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - David Moher
- grid.412687.e0000 0000 9606 5108Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Steven N. Goodman
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - John P. A. Ioannidis
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.484013.aMeta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars G. Hemkens
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.484013.aMeta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Axfors C, Schmitt AM, Janiaud P, Van't Hooft J, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdo EF, Abella BS, Akram J, Amaravadi RK, Angus DC, Arabi YM, Azhar S, Baden LR, Baker AW, Belkhir L, Benfield T, Berrevoets MAH, Chen CP, Chen TC, Cheng SH, Cheng CY, Chung WS, Cohen YZ, Cowan LN, Dalgard O, de Almeida E Val FF, de Lacerda MVG, de Melo GC, Derde L, Dubee V, Elfakir A, Gordon AC, Hernandez-Cardenas CM, Hills T, Hoepelman AIM, Huang YW, Igau B, Jin R, Jurado-Camacho F, Khan KS, Kremsner PG, Kreuels B, Kuo CY, Le T, Lin YC, Lin WP, Lin TH, Lyngbakken MN, McArthur C, McVerry BJ, Meza-Meneses P, Monteiro WM, Morpeth SC, Mourad A, Mulligan MJ, Murthy S, Naggie S, Narayanasamy S, Nichol A, Novack LA, O'Brien SM, Okeke NL, Perez L, Perez-Padilla R, Perrin L, Remigio-Luna A, Rivera-Martinez NE, Rockhold FW, Rodriguez-Llamazares S, Rolfe R, Rosa R, Røsjø H, Sampaio VS, Seto TB, Shahzad M, Soliman S, Stout JE, Thirion-Romero I, Troxel AB, Tseng TY, Turner NA, Ulrich RJ, Walsh SR, Webb SA, Weehuizen JM, Velinova M, Wong HL, Wrenn R, Zampieri FG, Zhong W, Moher D, Goodman SN, Ioannidis JPA, Hemkens LG. Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2349. [PMID: 33859192 PMCID: PMC8050319 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aim to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. We present a rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.io/QESV4/ ). We systematically identified unpublished RCTs (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Cochrane COVID-registry up to June 11, 2020), and published RCTs (PubMed, medRxiv and bioRxiv up to October 16, 2020). All-cause mortality has been extracted (publications/preprints) or requested from investigators and combined in random-effects meta-analyses, calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Prespecified subgroup analyses include patient setting, diagnostic confirmation, control type, and publication status. Sixty-three trials were potentially eligible. We included 14 unpublished trials (1308 patients) and 14 publications/preprints (9011 patients). Results for hydroxychloroquine are dominated by RECOVERY and WHO SOLIDARITY, two highly pragmatic trials, which employed relatively high doses and included 4716 and 1853 patients, respectively (67% of the total sample size). The combined OR on all-cause mortality for hydroxychloroquine is 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.20; I² = 0%; 26 trials; 10,012 patients) and for chloroquine 1.77 (95%CI: 0.15, 21.13, I² = 0%; 4 trials; 307 patients). We identified no subgroup effects. We found that treatment with hydroxychloroquine is associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients, and there is no benefit of chloroquine. Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Axfors
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas M Schmitt
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Perrine Janiaud
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janneke Van't Hooft
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ehab F Abdo
- Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Benjamin S Abella
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Javed Akram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vice Chancellor, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Derek C Angus
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- the UPMC Health System Office of Healthcare Innovation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yaseen M Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehnoor Azhar
- Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Lindsey R Baden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur W Baker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Leila Belkhir
- Infectious Diseases Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Marvin A H Berrevoets
- Department of Internal Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Pin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsing Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Olav Dalgard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marcus V G de Lacerda
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane - ILMD, FIOCRUZ-AM, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Gisely C de Melo
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Lennie Derde
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Intensive Care Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Dubee
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Anthony C Gordon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care Medicine, Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Carmen M Hernandez-Cardenas
- Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Thomas Hills
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andy I M Hoepelman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Felipe Jurado-Camacho
- Critical Care Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Khalid S Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of Granada, Hospital Real, Avenida del Hospicio, Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benno Kreuels
- Department of Medicine, Division of Tropical Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Pu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Colin McArthur
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan J McVerry
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Wuelton M Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Ahmad Mourad
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mark J Mulligan
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- University of British Columbia School of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Susanna Naggie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shanti Narayanasamy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alistair Nichol
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lewis A Novack
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean M O'Brien
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Rogelio Perez-Padilla
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Arantxa Remigio-Luna
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Frank W Rockhold
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Robert Rolfe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Helge Røsjø
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Vanderson S Sampaio
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Todd B Seto
- University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaimaa Soliman
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Jason E Stout
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ireri Thirion-Romero
- Department of Smoking and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea B Troxel
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas A Turner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Ulrich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen R Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steve A Webb
- School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Jesper M Weehuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hon-Lai Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rebekah Wrenn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Fernando G Zampieri
- Research Institute, HCor-Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, BRICNet - Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network, São Paulo, Brazil
- IDor Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven N Goodman
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars G Hemkens
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen CP, Lin YC, Chen TC, Tseng TY, Wong HL, Kuo CY, Lin WP, Huang SR, Wang WY, Liao JH, Liao CS, Hung YP, Lin TH, Chang TY, Hsiao CF, Huang YW, Chung WS, Cheng CY, Cheng SH. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine and a retrospective study in adult patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242763. [PMID: 33264337 PMCID: PMC7710068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a retrospective study. Methods Subjects admitted to 11 designated public hospitals in Taiwan between April 1 and May 31, 2020, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by pharyngeal real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, were randomized at a 2:1 ratio and stratified by mild or moderate illness. HCQ (400 mg twice for 1 d or HCQ 200 mg twice daily for 6 days) was administered. Both the study and control group received standard of care (SOC). Pharyngeal swabs and sputum were collected every other day. The proportion and time to negative viral PCR were assessed on day 14. In the retrospective study, medical records were reviewed for patients admitted before March 31, 2020. Results There were 33 and 37 cases in the RCT and retrospective study, respectively. In the RCT, the median times to negative rRT-PCR from randomization to hospital day 14 were 5 days (95% CI; 1, 9 days) and 10 days (95% CI; 2, 12 days) for the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively (p = 0.40). On day 14, 81.0% (17/21) and 75.0% (9/12) of the subjects in the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively, had undetected virus (p = 0.36). In the retrospective study, 12 (42.9%) in the HCQ group and 5 (55.6%) in the control group had negative rRT-PCR results on hospital day 14 (p = 0.70). Conclusions Neither study demonstrated that HCQ shortened viral shedding in mild to moderate COVID-19 subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Pin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Lai Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Pu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sz-Rung Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Miaoli General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hung Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shin Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chia Yi Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pin Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tz-Yan Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Fu Hsiao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Hua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Service Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsing Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Axfors C, Schmitt AM, Janiaud P, van ’t Hooft J, Abd-elsalam S, Abdo EF, Abella BS, Akram J, Amaravadi RK, Angus DC, Arabi YM, Azhar S, Baden LR, Baker AW, Belkhir L, Benfield T, Berrevoets MA, Chen C, Chen T, Cheng S, Cheng C, Chung W, Cohen YZ, Cowan LN, Dalgard O, de Almeida e Val FF, de Lacerda MV, de Melo GC, Derde L, Dubee V, Elfakir A, Gordon AC, Hernandez-cardenas CM, Hills T, Hoepelman AI, Huang Y, Igau B, Jin R, Jurado-camacho F, Khan KS, Kremsner PG, Kreuels B, Kuo C, Le T, Lin Y, Lin W, Lin T, Lyngbakken MN, Mcarthur C, Mcverry BJ, Meza-meneses P, Monteiro WM, Morpeth SC, Mourad A, Mulligan MJ, Murthy S, Naggie S, Narayanasamy S, Nichol A, Novack LA, O’brien SM, Okeke NL, Perez L, Perez-padilla R, Perrin L, Remigio-luna A, Rivera-martinez NE, Rockhold FW, Rodriguez-llamazares S, Rolfe R, Rosa R, Røsjø H, Sampaio VS, Seto TB, Shehzad M, Soliman S, Stout JE, Thirion-romero I, Troxel AB, Tseng T, Turner NA, Ulrich RJ, Walsh SR, Webb SA, Weehuizen JM, Velinova M, Wong H, Wrenn R, Zampieri FG, Zhong W, Moher D, Goodman SN, Ioannidis JP, Hemkens LG. Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19: an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials.. [DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.16.20194571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundSubstantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aimed to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. Methods: Rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.io/QESV4/). We systematically identified published and unpublished RCTs by September 14, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, PubMed, Cochrane COVID-19 registry). All-cause mortality was extracted (publications/preprints) or requested from investigators and combined in random-effects meta-analyses, calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately for hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine. Prespecified subgroup analyses included patient setting, diagnostic confirmation, control type, and publication status.ResultsSixty-two trials were potentially eligible. We included 16 unpublished trials (1596 patients) and 10 publications/preprints (6317 patients). The combined summary OR on all-cause mortality for hydroxychloroquine was 1.08 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.18; I2=0%; 24 trials; 7659 patients) and for chloroquine 1.77 (95%CI: 0.15, 21.13, I2=0%; 4 trials; 307 patients). We identified no subgroup effects.ConclusionsWe found no benefit of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine on the survival of COVID-19 patients. For hydroxychloroquine, the confidence interval is compatible with increased mortality (OR 1.18) or negligibly reduced mortality (OR 0.99). Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar D, Tseng TY. High Performance Resistive Switching Characteristics of SiN Films with a Cu/Ta/SiN/Cu/SiN/TiN Multilayer Structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/281/1/012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
8
|
Hu SF, Huang YH, Lin CP, Liu LYD, Hong SF, Yang CY, Lo HF, Tseng TY, Chen WY, Lin SS. Development of a Mild Viral Expression System for Gain-Of-Function Study of Phytoplasma Effector In Planta. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130139. [PMID: 26076458 PMCID: PMC4468105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PHYL1 and SAP54 are orthologs of pathogenic effectors of Aster yellow witches'-broom (AYWB) phytoplasma and Peanut witches'-broom (PnWB) phytoplasma, respectively. These effectors cause virescence and phyllody symptoms (hereafter leafy flower) in phytoplasma-infected plants. T0 lines of transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the PHYL1 or SAP54 genes (PHYL1 or SAP54 plants) show a leafy flower phenotype and result in seedless, suggesting that PHYL1 and SAP54 interfere with reproduction stage that restrict gain-of-function studies in the next generation of transgenic plants. Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) mild strain (TuGK) has an Arg182Lys mutation in the helper-component proteinase (HC-ProR182K) that blocks suppression of the miRNA pathway and prevents symptom development in TuGK-infected plants. We exploited TuGK as a viral vector for gain-of-function studies of PHYL1 and SAP54 in Arabidopsis plants. TuGK-PHYL1- and TuGK-SAP54-infected Arabidopsis plants produced identical leafy flower phenotypes and similar gene expression profiles as PHYL1 and SAP54 plants. In addition, the leafy flower formation rate was enhanced in TuGK-PHYL1- or TuGK-SAP54-infected Arabidopsis plants that compared with the T0 lines of PHYL1 plants. These results provide more evidence and novel directions for further studying the mechanism of PHYL1/SAP54-mediated leafy flower development. In addition, the TuGK vector is a good alternative in transgenic plant approaches for rapid gene expression in gain-of-function studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Fen Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Huang
- Departement of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Pin Lin
- Departement of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Daisy Liu
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syuan-Fei Hong
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yin Yang
- Departement of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Feng Lo
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Joint Center for Instruments and Researches, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shun Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The wide-gap semiconductor ZnO with nanostructures such as nanoparticle, nanorod, nanowire, nanobelt, nanotube has high potential for a variety of applications. This article reviews the fundamentals of one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures, including processing, structure, property, application and their processing-microstructure-property correlation. Various fabrication methods of the ZnO nanostructures including vapor-liquid-solid process, vapor-solid growth, solution growth, solvothermal growth, template-assisted growth and self-assembly are introduced. The characterization and properties of the ZnO nanostructures are described. The possible applications of these nanostructures are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Jayadevan
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
A series of anatase phase Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles are prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Spontaneous Raman spectroscopy is utilized to characterize the crystal structures of these nanoparticles and investigate their structural transformation under the exposure of a 532 nm green laser. The anatase phase of TiO2 can be effectively converted into the rutile phase with the assistance of Fe doping. It is found that the critical laser intensity for phase transformation decreases with increasing the Fe content. We ascribe this tendency to the enhanced optical absorption and the photo-induced thermal heating effect, which can be associated with the defect structure within the bandgap of Fe- TiO2 nanoparticles. Our study demonstrates an all-optical approach to pump and probe the phase transformation of metal-doped TiO2 nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Lee
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yao CY, Chen GJ, Tseng TY. Preparation and characterizations of ZnO nanotubes by acidic etching nanowires. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:4432-4435. [PMID: 19049037 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Single crystalline ZnO nanowires were synthesized by hydrothermal process and then formed nano-tubes by acidic etching these nanowires in acetic solution at 85 degrees C. The nanotube diameter can be easily controlled by dividing the nanowires growth and etching process. The ZnO nanotubes remain single crystalline hexagonal structure after the etching process. The defects existed in the nanowires and the dangling bonds of the nanowires' surface play the important roles for the etching process. An etching model for forming ZnO nanotubes is proposed, which can be proved by our experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Yao
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen YS, Tseng TY. Optical properties of Ce-doped ZnO nanowires directionally grown by hydrothermal method. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:4514-4519. [PMID: 19049049 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Well directionally grown Ce-doped ZnO nanowires were successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The Ce dopant plays a key role in evolving the morphology, affecting the crystalline size, and forming the uniform nanostructure of the ZnO nanowires. The amount of Ce dopant in the ZnO nanowires also affects the regions of blue-shift in the UV and green emission peaks and the intensities of emission peaks based on the cathodoluminescence spectra of the nanowires. Moreover, the effect of Ce doping amount on the microstructure of the nanowires is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Chen
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hsu CH, Tsai TH, Kao YH, Hwang KC, Tseng TY, Chou P. Effect of green tea extract on obese women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2008; 27:363-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
14
|
Ke MW, Jiang YN, Li YH, Tseng TY, Kung MS, Huang CS, Cheng WTK, Hsu JT, Ju YT. Development and Characterization of a Specific Anti-Caveolin-1 Antibody for Caveolin-1 Functional Study in Human, Goat and Mouse. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2007.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
15
|
Yang KY, Lin LC, Tseng TY, Wang SC, Tsai TH. Oral bioavailability of curcumin in rat and the herbal analysis from Curcuma longa by LC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 853:183-9. [PMID: 17400527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a validated liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure curcumin in rat plasma and provide curcuminoids analysis from the extract of Curcumin longa L. This method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in a freely moving rat. The analytes were separated by a reversed phase C18 column (150x4.6 mm I.D., particle size 5 microm) and eluted with acetonitrile-1mM HCOOH mobile phase (70:30, v/v) with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min in rat plasma and herbal extracts. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to monitor the transition of the deprotonated molecule m/z of 367 [M-H]- to the product ion 217 for curcumin, a m/z of 337-217 for demethoxycurcumin and a m/z of 265-224 for honokiol (internal standard) analysis. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of curcumin in the rat plasma were 1 and 5 ng/ml, respectively. The method was linear in the range of 5-1000 ng/ml with a coefficient of correlation greater than 0.996 in the rat plasma. After curcumin (500 mg/kg, p.o.) administration, the maximum concentration (Cmax) and the time to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) were 0.06+/-0.01 microg/ml and 41.7+/-5.4 min, respectively. The elimination half-life (t1/2,beta) were 28.1+/-5.6 and 44.5+/-7.5 min for curcumin (500 mg/kg, p.o.) and curcumin (10 mg/kg, i.v.), respectively. The oral bioavailability was about 1%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Yi Yang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, and Ho-Ping Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang YN, Li YH, Ke MW, Tseng TY, Tang YB, Huang MC, Cheng WTK, Ju YT. Caveolin-1 sensitizes rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cells to bromocriptine induced apoptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2007; 7:1. [PMID: 17331262 PMCID: PMC1832175 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-7-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolactinoma is the most frequent pituitary tumor in humans. The dopamine D2 receptor agonist bromocriptine has been widely used clinically to treat human breast tumor and prolactinoma through inhibition of hyperprolactinemia and induction of tumor cell apoptosis, respectively, but the molecular mechanism of bromocriptine induction of pituitary tumor apoptosis remains unclear. Caveolin-1 is a membrane-anchored protein enriched on caveolae, inverted flask-shaped invaginations on plasma membranes where signal transduction molecules are concentrated. Currently, caveolin-1 is thought to be a negative regulator of cellular proliferation and an enhancer of apoptosis by blocking signal transduction between cell surface membrane receptors and intracellular signaling protein cascades. Rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cells, which express endogenous caveolin-1, exhibit increased apoptosis and shrinkage after exposure to bromocriptine. Hence, the GH3 cell line is an ideal model for studying the molecular action of bromocriptine on prolactinoma. RESULTS The expression of endogenous caveolin-1 in GH3 cells was elevated after bromocriptine treatment. Transiently expressed mouse recombinant caveolin-1 induced apoptosis in GH3 cells by enhancing the activity of caspase 8. Significantly, caveolin-1 induction of GH3 cell apoptosis was sensitized by the administration of bromocriptine. Phosphorylation of caveolin-1 at tyrosine 14 was enhanced after bromocriptine treatment, suggesting that bromocriptine-induced phosphorylation of caveolin-1 may contribute to sensitization of apoptosis in GH3 cells exposed to bromocriptine. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that caveolin-1 increases sensitivity for apoptosis induction in pituitary adenoma GH3 cells and may contribute to tumor shrinkage after clinical bromocriptine treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Nian Jiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Li
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Ke
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Tseng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Bih Tang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Chiou Huang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Ten Ju
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lin LC, Wang MN, Tseng TY, Sung JS, Tsai TH. Pharmacokinetics of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in conscious and freely moving rats and its brain regional distribution. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:1517-24. [PMID: 17256961 DOI: 10.1021/jf062816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) electrospray ionization was used to measure (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in rat plasma. This method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of EGCG in a conscious and freely moving rat by an automated blood sampling device. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to monitor the transition of the deprotonated molecule m/z of 457 [M - H]- to the product ion 169 for EGCG and the m/z of 187 to 164 for the internal standard. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of EGCG in rat plasma was determined to be 5 ng/mL, and the linear range was 5-5000 ng/mL. The protein binding of EGCG in rat plasma was 92.4 +/- 2.5%. The brain distribution result indicated that EGCG may potentially penetrate through the blood-brain barrier at a lower rate. The disposition of EGCG in the rat blood was fitted well by the two-compartmental model after intravenous administration (10 mg/kg, iv). The elimination half-life of EGCG was 62 +/- 11 and 48 +/- 13 min for intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (100 mg/kg) administration, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data indicate that the oral bioavailability of EGCG in a conscious and freely moving rat was about 4.95%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Chwen Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Li-Nong Street Section 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kübler HR, Szukala SA, Madden JF, Tseng TY, Paulson DF, Vieweg J, Dahm P. Apical soft tissue biopsies predict biochemical failure in radical perineal prostatectomy patients with apical cancer involvement. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2006; 10:72-6. [PMID: 17179978 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to prospectively assess the role of apical soft tissue biopsies in radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP) patients with documented apical prostate cancer (PCA) involvement. Between June 1998 and May 1999, 77 consecutive men with localized PCA and documented invasion of the prostatic apex underwent RPP by a single surgeon. Soft tissue biopsies were systematically obtained from the prostatic fossa overlying the apex at the time of surgery. Time to biochemical failure was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The rates of positive apical margins and positive apical soft tissue biopsies were 23.4% (18/77) and 15.6% (12/77). The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of positive apical margins for residual apical disease as determined by apical soft tissue biopsy were 41.7, 80, and 28%, respectively. The overall biochemical failure rate was 28.6% (22/77) with a median follow-up of 51 months (range 3-73 months). The 36-month biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 55.9+/-14.9% for patients with positive apical biopsies and 78.7+/-5.3% for those with negative biopsies (P=0.023). In conclusion, positive apical soft tissue biopsy is an independent predictor of biochemical failure in patients with apical PCA who undergo RPP. Positive apical surgical margins poorly predict residual apical disease that is frequently identifiable by apical soft tissue biopsy. Apical soft tissue biopsies should therefore be obtained in patients with known extensive apical cancer involvement at the time of RPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Kübler
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tseng TY, Sevilla DW, Moul JW, Maloney KE. Prostatic carcinosarcoma 15 years after combined external beam radiation and brachytherapy for prostatic adenocarcinoma: a case report. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2006; 9:195-7. [PMID: 16568146 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 65-year-old man with a history of combined pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy for prostatic adenocarcinoma 15 years prior underwent total pelvic exenteration for presumed rectal sarcoma with prostatic invasion. Pathology revealed carcinosarcoma of prostatic origin. This patient exhibited the longest reported interval between initial presentation with prostatic adenocarcinoma and development of carcinosarcoma. This case is also the first reported case of prostatic carcinosarcoma occurring after combined EBRT and brachytherapy. The increasing use of such combination high-dose radiation therapy may potentially lead to an increased incidence of secondary malignancies such as prostatic carcinosarcoma in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Y Tseng
- Division of Urologic Surgery and Duke Prostate Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructures of cadmium chalcogenides (Il-VI: CdSe, CdTe), InP and GaAs (III-V), and the ternary chalcopyrites CulnS2, CulnSe2, and CulnTe2 (I-III-VI2) are the candidate semiconductors of interest as absorber layers in solar cells. In the confinement regime (approximately 1-10 nm) of these 1-D nanostructures, the electronic energy levels are quantized so that the oscillator strength and the resultant absorption of solar energy are enhanced. Moreover, the discrete energy levels effectively separate the electrons and holes at the two electrodes or at the interfaces with a polymer in a hybrid structure, so that an oriented and 1-D nanostructured absorber layer is expected to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells. The intrinsic anisotropy of Il-VI and l-lll-VI2 crystal lattices and the progress in various growth processes are assessed to derive suitable morphological features of these 1-D semiconductor nanostructures. The present status of research in nanorod-based solar cells is reviewed and possible routes are identified to improve the performance of nanorod-based solar cells. Finally, the characteristics of nanorod-based solar cells are compared with the dye-sensitized and organic solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Jayadevan
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang SC, Tseng TY, Huang CM, Tsai TH. Gardenia herbal active constituents: applicable separation procedures. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 812:193-202. [PMID: 15556498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2004] [Accepted: 08/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gardenia herb has been used as alternative drug for thousand years. They may provide therapeutic or cause toxic effect. Recently, large scale of biological screen, phytochemical separation, isolation, and identification were widely performed. Quality control of the active ingredients should be concern for the application of Gardenia herbs. Many systems have been developed for the determination of herbal ingredients. This article reviews some of the plants and their active constituents that have been used for medicinal applications. The sample preparation, separation, and determination of Gardenia herbal ingredients were discussed. Based on the separation, the method of gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shau-Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tseng TY, Tsai TH. Measurement of unbound geniposide in blood, liver, brain and bile of anesthetized rats: an application of pharmacokinetic study and its influence on acupuncture. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
23
|
Tsai TR, Tseng TY, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Identification and determination of geniposide contained in Gardenia jasminoides and in two preparations of mixed traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr A 2002; 961:83-8. [PMID: 12186394 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of the geniposide concentration in Gardenia fruit and preparations of traditional Chinese medicine using a mobile phase of acetonitrile-methanol-5 mM monosodium phosphate (pH 4.6) (5:15:80, v/v/v). Intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or = 10% in the range of 0.1 through 50 microg/ml. The presence of geniposide in the medicinal herb and its preparations was ascertained by retention time, spiking with an authentic standard, change of detection wavelength and change of the composition of the mobile phase. The concentration of geniposide in the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. grandiflora Nakai is higher than that in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. The concentration of geniposide in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine preparations, Huang-Lian-Jiee-Dwu-Tang (66.27 +/- 1.98 mg/g) and In-Chern-Hau-Tang (68.54 +/- 2.62 mg/g) was less than in the herb Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (73.44 +/- 2.62 mg/g) itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Rong Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lue HT, Tseng TY. Application of on-wafer TRL calibration on the measurement of microwave properties of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2001; 48:1640-1647. [PMID: 11800126 DOI: 10.1109/58.971716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of Al/Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3(BST)/sapphire multi-layered coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines of different geometries and thin-film configurations was fabricated. We employed an accurate on-wafer Through-Line-Reflect (TRL) calibration technique and quasi-TEM analysis to measure the dielectric constant, loss tangent, and tunability of BST thin films using this CPW structure. Experimental results show that the overall insertion loss is less than 3 dB/cm even at frequencies as high as 20 GHz, which is the lowest obtained to date for metal/BST CPW devices. This result indicates that, with optimized impedance matching, normal conductors are also possibly suitable for fabricating low-loss tunable phase-shifter devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H T Lue
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The gene for the DNA primase encoded by Salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage SP6 has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and its 74-kDa protein product purified to homogeneity. The SP6 primase is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that synthesizes short oligoribonucleotides containing each of the four canonical ribonucleotides. GTP and CTP are both required for the initiation of oligoribonucleotide synthesis. In reactions containing only GTP and CTP, SP6 primase incorporates GTP at the 5'-end of oligoribonucleotides and CMP at the second position. On synthetic DNA templates, pppGpC dinucleotides are synthesized most rapidly in the presence of the sequence 5'-GCA-3'. This trinucleotide sequence, containing a cryptic dA at the 3'-end, differs from other known bacterial and phage primase recognition sites. SP6 primase shares some properties with the well-characterized E. colibacteriophage T7 primase. The T7 DNA polymerase can use oligoribonucleotides synthesized by SP6 primase as primers for DNA synthesis. However, oligoribonucleotide synthesis by SP6 primase is not stimulated by either the E. coli- or the T7-encoded ssDNA binding protein. An amino acid sequence alignment of the SP6 and T7 primases, which share only 22.4% amino acid identity, indicates amino acids likely critical for oligoribonucleotide synthesis as well as a putative Cys(3)His zinc finger motif that may be involved in DNA binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Y Tseng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Chen JL, Tseng TY. Interaction between a two-dimensional pancake vortex and a circular nonsuperconducting defect. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:502-506. [PMID: 9984287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Chen FH, Tai MF, Horng WC, Tseng TY. Interpretation of the anomalous field-cooled-magnetization behavior of high-temperature granular superconductors at low magnetic field. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:1258-1265. [PMID: 10007990 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|