1
|
Sedran L, Bonnet X, Thomas-Pohl M, Loiret I, Martinet N, Pillet H, Paysant J. Quantification of push-off and collision work during step-to-step transition in amputees walking at self-selected speed: Effect of amputation level. J Biomech 2024; 163:111943. [PMID: 38244403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.111943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining forward walking during human locomotion requires mechanical joint work, mainly provided by the ankle-foot in non-amputees. In lower-limb amputees, their metabolic overconsumption is generally attributed to reduced propulsion. However, it remains unclear how altered walking patterns resulting from amputation affect energy exchange. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the impact of self-selected walking speed (SSWS) on mechanical works generated by the ankle-foot and by the entire lower limbs depending on the level of amputation. 155 participants, including 47 non-amputees (NAs), 40 unilateral transtibial amputees (TTs) and 68 unilateral transfemoral amputees (TFs), walked at their SSWS. Positive push-off work done by the trailing limb (WStS+) and its associated ankle-foot (Wankle-foot+), as well as negative collision work done by the leading limb (WStS-) were analysed during the transition from prosthetic limb to contralateral limb. An ANCOVA was performed to assess the effect of amputation level on mechanical works, while controlling for SSWS effect. After adjusting for SSWS, NAs produce more push-off work with both their biological ankle-foot and trailing limb than amputees do on prosthetic side. Using the same type of prosthetic feet, TTs and TFs can generate the same amount of prosthetic Wankle-foot+, while prosthetic WStS+ is significantly higher for TTs and remains constant with SSWS for TFs. Surprisingly and contrary to theoretical expectations, the lack of propulsion at TFs' prosthetic limb did not affect their contralateral WStS-, for which a difference is significant only between NAs and TTs. Further studies should investigate the relationship between the TFs' inability to increase prosthetic limb push-off work and metabolic expenditure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Sedran
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Paris, France; Proteor, Recherche & Développement, Dijon, France.
| | - X Bonnet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Paris, France
| | - M Thomas-Pohl
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France; Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - I Loiret
- Centre de médecine physique et de réadaptation Louis Pierquin IRR-UGECAM, Nord-Est 54042 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - N Martinet
- Centre de médecine physique et de réadaptation Louis Pierquin IRR-UGECAM, Nord-Est 54042 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - H Pillet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Paris, France
| | - J Paysant
- Centre de médecine physique et de réadaptation Louis Pierquin IRR-UGECAM, Nord-Est 54042 Nancy Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bech N, Nivelle D, Caron S, Ballouard JM, Arnal V, Arsovski D, Golubović A, Bonnet X, Montgelard C. Extent of introgressive hybridization in the Hermann’s tortoise (Testudo hermanni hermanni) from the south of France. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-022-01585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
3
|
Golubović A, Anđelković M, Tomović L, Arsovski D, Gvozdenović S, Šukalo G, Ajtić R, Bonnet X. Death‐feigning propensity varies within dice snake populations but not with sex or colour morph. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Golubović
- Institute of Zoology Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - M. Anđelković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” National Institute of Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - L. Tomović
- Institute of Zoology Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - D. Arsovski
- Macedonian Ecological Society Skopje North Macedonia
| | | | - G. Šukalo
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics University of Banja Luka Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - R. Ajtić
- Natural History Museum in Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - X. Bonnet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fougeron N, Bonnet X, Panhelleux B, Rose JL, Rohan PY, Pillet H. Prediction of muscle forces in residual limb during walking: comparison of transfemoral and Gritti–Stokes amputations. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1812857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Fougeron
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Paristech, Paris, France
- Proteor, Recherche et développement, Dijon, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Paristech, Paris, France
| | - B. Panhelleux
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Paristech, Paris, France
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J.-L. Rose
- Proteor, Recherche et développement, Dijon, France
| | - P.-Y. Rohan
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Paristech, Paris, France
| | - H. Pillet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Paristech, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duraffourg C, Bonnet X, Djian F, Pillet H. Passive prosthesis control strategy for downhill ambulation. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1812171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Duraffourg
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
- Proteor, St Apollinaire, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | | | - H. Pillet
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
François PM, Bonnet X, Kosior J, Adam J, Khonsari RH. 3D-printed contact-free devices designed and dispatched against the COVID-19 pandemic: The 3D COVID initiative. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 122:381-385. [PMID: 32599093 PMCID: PMC7318987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Direct contact with devices such as elevator buttons, beepers, telephones, computer mice and keyboards can contribute to spread viral diseases. Here, we report our experience in designing, producing and dispatching three 3D-printed objected intending to lower the risks of COVID-19 contamination by limiting direct contacts: (1) fixed hand-free door openers, (2) door hooks and (3) button pushers. These devices were produced in industrial quantities and made available for free for Greater Paris University Hospitals and various state institutions as part of the 3D COVID project. In this short technical note, we describe the sequential organisation of the design and production and highlight the advantages of additive manufacturing in dealing with specific aspects of sanitary crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - X Bonnet
- Institut de biomécanique humaine George-Charpak, Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | | | | | - R H Khonsari
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et chirurgie plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Centre de Références Maladies Rares Fentes et Malformations Faciales MAFACE, Centre de Références Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou; Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Menad R, Fernini M, Lakabi L, Soudani N, Smaï S, Bonnet X, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM. G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1, oestrogen receptors and androgen receptor in the sand rat (Psammomys obesus) efferent ducts. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 79:756-766. [PMID: 32459366 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efferent ducts are mainly involved in the reabsorption of the seminiferous tubular fluid. Testosterone and oestrogens regulate efferent ducts functions via their receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper presents an experimental investigation on the location of the P450 aromatase, the 17-b oestradiol (E2), the androgen receptor (AR), the oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), the oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) and the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in the efferent ducts using Psammomys obesus as an animal model to highlight the effect of the season on the histology and the distribution of these receptors. RESULTS We observed a proliferation of the connective tissue, decreasing in the height of the epithelium during the resting season compared to the breeding season. Ciliated cells expressed P450 aromatase, AR, E2, ESR1, ESR2 and GPER1 during both seasons. Basal cells showed a positive staining for the ESR1 and the GPER1 during both season, the AR and E2 during the breeding season and ESR2 during the resting season. CONCLUSIONS Our result shows that the expression of androgen receptor and oestrogen receptors in the efferent ducts vary by season witch suggest that they are largely involved in the regulation of the efferent ducts functions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
- A. Bacher
- Arts et Metiers, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - A. Nerot
- Arts et Metiers, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | | | - A. Thouze
- Decathlon Sports Lab, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Arts et Metiers, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thomas-Pohl M, Villa C, Davot J, Bonnet X, Facione J, Lapeyre E, Bascou J, Pillet H. Microprocessor prosthetic ankles: comparative biomechanical evaluation of people with transtibial traumatic amputation during standing on level ground and slope. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2019; 16:17-26. [PMID: 31535903 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2019.1629112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The compensations occurrence due to the alteration of the posture and the gait of persons with lower limb amputation is still an issue in prosthetic fitting. Recently, prosthetic feet designed to reproduce the physiological behaviour of the ankle using a microprocessor control have been commercialized to address this issue. OBJECTIVES Investigate the relevance of these microprocessor prosthetic ankles (MPAs) in the ability of standing on both level and inclined surfaces. METHODS Six persons with transtibial amputation usually fitted with energy storing and returning (ESR) foot tested three MPAs: Elan® Endolite (MPA1), Meridium® Ottobock (MPA2), ProprioFoot® Ossur (MPA3). Each MPA data acquisition was preceded of a 2 weeks adaptation period at home and followed by a 3-weeks wash-out period with their ESR. Lower limb angular position and moment, Centre of Pressure (CoP) position, Ground Reaction Forces (GRF) and functional scores were collected in static, on level ground and 12% inclined slope. RESULTS MPAs allowed a better posture and a reduction of residual knee moment on positive and/or negative slope compared to ESR. Results also reflect that the MPA2 allows the best control of the CoP in all situations. CONCLUSIONS An increased ankle mobility is associated with a better posture and balance on slope. Gait analysis would complete these outcomes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study compares three MPAs to ESR analysing static posture. Static analysis on level ground and slope represents the challenging conditions people with amputation have to cope with in their daily life, especially outdoors. Having a better understanding of the three MPAs behaviour could help to adequately fit the prosthesis to each patient. Implications for rehabilitation This is a study comparing three MPAs. The static analysis in standard and constraining conditions (slope) reflects the balance of people with amputation in their daily life, especially outdoors. Having a better understanding of the behaviour of each foot could help to adequately fit the prosthesis to each patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Thomas-Pohl
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital D'Instruction Des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
| | - C Villa
- INI, Centre D'étude et de Recherche Sur L'appareillage Des Handicapés (CERAH), Créteil, France.,Arts et Metiers Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - J Davot
- INI, Centre D'étude et de Recherche Sur L'appareillage Des Handicapés (CERAH), Créteil, France
| | - X Bonnet
- Arts et Metiers Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - J Facione
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital D'Instruction Des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
| | - E Lapeyre
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital D'Instruction Des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
| | - J Bascou
- INI, Centre D'étude et de Recherche Sur L'appareillage Des Handicapés (CERAH), Créteil, France.,Arts et Metiers Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - H Pillet
- Arts et Metiers Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Panhelleux B, Fourgeron N, Ruyssen N, Rohan PY, Bonnet X, Pillet H. Femoral residuum/socket kinematics using fusion between 3D motion capture and stereo radiography. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1714257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N. Ruyssen
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, IBHGC, Paris, France
| | - P. Y. Rohan
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, IBHGC, Paris, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, IBHGC, Paris, France
| | - H. Pillet
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, IBHGC, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Barbraud
- Centre d’études biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS ULR Villiers en Bois France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Centre d’études biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS ULR Villiers en Bois France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ribout C, Bech N, Briand MJ, Guyonnet D, Letourneur Y, Brischoux F, Bonnet X. A lack of spatial genetic structure of Gymnothorax chilospilus (moray eel) suggests peculiar population functioning. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Ribout
- CEBC, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - N Bech
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Equipe ‘Ecologie, Evolution, Symbiose’, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - M J Briand
- Institut Méditerranéen d’Océanologie (MIO), UMR CNRS 7294, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex, France
| | - D Guyonnet
- Signalisation et transports ioniques membranaires (STIM), ERL 7368/EA-7349, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Y Letourneur
- Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut ISEA - EA 7484 and LabEx « Corail », Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia
| | - F Brischoux
- CEBC, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - X Bonnet
- CEBC, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, Villiers en Bois, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Arsovski D, Olivier A, Bonnet X, Drilholle S, Tomović L, Béchet A, Golubović A, Besnard A. Covariates streamline age‐specific early life survival estimates of two chelonian species. J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Arsovski
- CEBC UMR‐7372 CNRS ULR Villiers en Bois France
| | - A. Olivier
- Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat Arles France
| | - X. Bonnet
- CEBC UMR‐7372 CNRS ULR Villiers en Bois France
| | - S. Drilholle
- Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat Arles France
| | - L. Tomović
- Institute of Zoology Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - A. Béchet
- Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat Arles France
| | - A. Golubović
- Institute of Zoology Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - A. Besnard
- EPHE, CNRS, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA UMR 5175 CEFE PSL Research University Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bonnet X, El Hassani MS, Lecq S, Michel CL, El Mouden EH, Michaud B, Slimani T. Blood mixtures: impact of puncture site on blood parameters. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 186:787-800. [PMID: 27146147 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-0993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Various puncture routes, veins, arteries, heart, are used to take blood in animals. For anatomical reasons, differences in blood composition are expected among puncture sites. However, this issue has been rarely assessed and contrasted results have been reported: strong effects of puncture site versus a lack of effect. We captured free-ranging freshwater turtles from different locations to compare the mean concentrations of 12 blood parameters (metabolites, hormone, ions, and enzyme) among three puncture sites: (1) a lateral branch of the jugular vein, (2) a dorsal subcarapacial cervical plexus (sometimes incorrectly referred as the 'cervical sinus' in the literature), and (3) a caudal plexus site (sometimes incorrectly referred as the 'caudal sinus'). Because we used very small syringes (27-30G), we were able to separate lymph, blood, or blood-lymph mixtures. Our results show very strong effects of puncture site and of mixture level (mean maximal difference between sites was 250 %). We also found strong sex and geographical effects. Typically, there were differences in concentrations of blood solutes sampled from the lateral jugular vein and subcarapacial plexus, mainly due to sampling a mixture of blood and lymph from the 'blood' at the subcarapacial site and pure blood from the lateral jugular site, and likewise, samples from the caudal site were highly variable due to often sampling a mixture of blood and lymph. These results have technical and fundamental implications, especially when performing comparative analyses. Further, by selecting precise puncture sites, physiological differences between lymph and blood compartments could be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Bonnet
- Centre d'Etude Biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - M S El Hassani
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP: 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - S Lecq
- Centre d'Etude Biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- , 17 rue Denis Diderot, 44600, Saint Nazaire, France
| | - C L Michel
- Centre d'Etude Biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- , 6 Routes des Maures, 83660, Carnoules, France
| | - E H El Mouden
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP: 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - B Michaud
- Centre d'Etude Biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - T Slimani
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP: 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ballouard JM, Bonnet X, Gravier C, Ausanneau M, Caron S. Artificial water ponds and camera trapping of tortoises, and other vertebrates, in a dry Mediterranean landscape. Wildl Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/wr16035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Mediterranean areas offer a mosaic of favourable microhabitats to reptiles (e.g. open zones, thorny bushes) and are considered as biodiversity hotspots for these organisms. However, in these dry and hot environments, reptiles remain sheltered most of the time. They generally escape observation, posing difficulties to perform inventories. Trap sampling or rock-turning surveys commonly used to detect reptiles entail important logistical constraints, may perturb fragile microhabitats, and are not appropriate for chelonians. Alternative simple and cost-effective methods are desired.
Aims
We tested the efficiency of camera trapping in a dry Mediterranean landscape, notably to detect threatened Hermann’s tortoises. We tested whether small artificial freshwater ponds could attract animals in the field of view of the cameras to increase detectability. We also tested whether sand tracks survey around ponds could improve the method.
Methods
We used a small number of cameras with ponds (5 in 2011, 7 in 2012), thereby maintaining low logistical costs. We randomly filled three ponds and emptied three ponds every 7 days. We set the time-lapse function of each camera with an interval of 5 min and inspected the sand tracks every 2 or 3 days. We used information from 39 radio-tracked tortoises to better estimate the detectability performances of the camera–pond system.
Key results
This technique was effective to detect tortoises (n = 348 observations) and five other reptiles (among the 11 species present in the study area). Large numbers of birds and mammals were observed (n = 4232, n = 43 species at least), thereby increasing the biodiversity list of the surveyed area. We detected 28% of the radio-tracked tortoises present in the monitored area. Filled ponds were more attractive and sand track survey completed camera monitoring.
Conclusions
Camera trapping associated with small ponds represent a useful tool to perform rapid inventories of the fauna in Mediterranean habitats, especially to detect the emblematic Hermann’s tortoise and other cryptic reptiles (e.g. snakes).
Implications
The low cost–efficiency ratio of this method allows performing multiple counting surveys, and thus may help collect robust data necessary to justify the protection of key habitats that are coveted by property developers.
Collapse
|
16
|
Villa C, Dauriac B, Bascou J, Bonnet X, Fodé P, Pillet H. Whole limb push-off work in people with transtibial amputation during slope ascent. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18 Suppl 1:2078-9. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1069631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Villa
- INI, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur l’Appareillage des Handicapés, Woippy Cedex, France
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - B. Dauriac
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
- PROTEOR R&D, Seurre, France
| | - J. Bascou
- INI, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur l’Appareillage des Handicapés, Woippy Cedex, France
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | | | - P. Fodé
- INI, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur l’Appareillage des Handicapés, Woippy Cedex, France
| | - H. Pillet
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cook TR, Bonnet X, Fauvel T, Shine R, Brischoux F. Foraging behaviour and energy budgets of sea snakes: insights from implanted data loggers. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. R. Cook
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Evolutionary Ecophysiology Team; University Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris France
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch South Africa
| | - X. Bonnet
- Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé; UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR; Villiers-en-Bois France
| | - T. Fauvel
- Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé; UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR; Villiers-en-Bois France
| | - R. Shine
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - F. Brischoux
- Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé; UMR 7372 CNRS-ULR; Villiers-en-Bois France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dauriac B, Bonnet X, Villa C, Pillet H, Lavaste F. Foot-flat period estimation during daily living situations of asymptomatic and lower limb amputee subjects. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18 Suppl 1:1920-1. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1072415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Dauriac
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, LBM/Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
- Proteor, Département recherche et développement, Seurre, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Proteor, Département recherche et développement, Seurre, France
| | - C. Villa
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, LBM/Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
- CERAH, Institution Nationale des Invalides, Woippy, France
| | - H. Pillet
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, LBM/Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - F. Lavaste
- Arts et Metiers ParisTech, LBM/Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Drevelle X, Villa C, Bonnet X, Bascou J, Loiret I, Pillet H. Analysis of ankle stiffness for asymptomatic subjects and transfemoral amputees in daily living situations. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2014; 17 Suppl 1:80-1. [PMID: 25074174 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2014.931146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X Drevelle
- a INI, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Appareillage des Handicapés , BP 50719 57147 , Woippy Cedex , France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lepeigneul O, Ballouard JM, Bonnet X, Beck E, Barbier M, Ekori A, Buisson E, Caron S. Immediate response to translocation without acclimation from captivity to the wild in Hermann’s tortoise. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-014-0857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Pillet H, Drevelle X, Bonnet X, Villa C, Martinet N, Sauret C, Bascou J, Loiret I, Djian F, Rapin N, Mille J, Thoreux P, Fodé P, Paysant J, Guérit P, Lavaste F. APSIC: Training and fitting amputees during situations of daily living. Ing Rech Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
Briand MJ, Letourneur Y, Bonnet X, Wafo E, Fauvel T, Brischoux F, Guillou G, Bustamante P. Spatial variability of metallic and organic contamination of anguilliform fish in New Caledonia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:4576-4591. [PMID: 24338069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New Caledonia is one of the main hot spots of biodiversity on the planet. Large amounts of contaminants are discharged into the lagoon as a result of increasing anthropogenic activities such as intense mining, urbanization, and industrialization. Concentrations of 14 trace elements and 26 persistent organic pollutants (POPs: PCBs and pesticides) were measured in the muscles of two anguilliform fish species, over a coast to barrier reef gradient in two lagoon areas differently exposed to anthropic disturbances. This study emphasizes the high trace element contamination status of anguilliform fish and also highlights slight but perceptible organic pollution. The contamination extends throughout the lagoon, from coast to barrier reef, even in areas remote from emission points. High levels of trace elements, especially those linked to mining activities (i.e., Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni), were detected in coastal sites. Furthermore, the large dispersion of most POPs throughout the entire lagoon poses the question of their potential toxicity on marine organisms from numerous habitats. Our results underline the need for long-term monitoring of various contaminants over large spatial and time scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Briand
- Laboratoire LIVE and LABEX «CORAIL», Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, BP R4, 98851, Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lecq S, Ballouard JM, Caron S, Livoreil B, Seynaeve V, Matthieu LA, Bonnet X. Body condition and habitat use by Hermann's tortoises in burnt and intact habitats. Conserv Physiol 2014; 2:cou019. [PMID: 27293640 PMCID: PMC4732473 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cou019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In Mediterranean regions, fires threaten terrestrial tortoises. Nevertheless, varying proportions of adults survive fire; these surviving individuals can play a central role for population recovery. The regions devastated by fire often include important habitat of Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni hermanni), so assessing the ability of survivors to persist is essential for conserving the species. Body-condition indices provide an integrative estimate of how well individuals cope with environmental variations and impacts, including fires. Between 2002 and 2009, we monitored Hermann's tortoises in intact and burnt habitats in southeastern France. In summer 2003, a strong fire ravaged half of the surveyed zone, providing an opportunity to compare body condition of tortoises between intact and burnt areas over time. Six years later, the impact of fire on vegetation was still marked; large trees were abundant in the intact area, whereas open shrub vegetation prevailed in the burnt area. In both areas, the mean body condition of tortoises fluctuated over time; however, there were no differences between the two areas. A radio-tracking experiment demonstrated that individuals from each area were residents, and not vagrants commuting between areas. We also assessed changes in body condition and microhabitat use in radio-tracked individuals. We found no significant differences between the tortoises living in the burnt and intact areas, despite subtle differences in habitat use. IN CONCLUSION (i) surviving tortoises in an area ravaged by fire can maintain their body condition like individuals living in an intact area, and thus, individuals from burnt areas should not be translocated to supposedly better areas; and (ii) depopulated burnt areas are likely to be appropriate for population-augmentation programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Lecq
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CEBC-CNRS UPR 1934, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - J.-M. Ballouard
- Station d'Observation et de Protection des Tortues et de leurs Milieux, Centre de Recherche et de Conservation des Chéloniens (CRCC), 83590 Gonfaron, France
| | - S. Caron
- Station d'Observation et de Protection des Tortues et de leurs Milieux, Centre de Recherche et de Conservation des Chéloniens (CRCC), 83590 Gonfaron, France
| | - B. Livoreil
- FRB, 195 rue Saint Jacques, 75005 Paris, France
| | - V. Seynaeve
- Station d'Observation et de Protection des Tortues et de leurs Milieux, Centre de Recherche et de Conservation des Chéloniens (CRCC), 83590 Gonfaron, France
| | - L.-A. Matthieu
- Station d'Observation et de Protection des Tortues et de leurs Milieux, Centre de Recherche et de Conservation des Chéloniens (CRCC), 83590 Gonfaron, France
| | - X. Bonnet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CEBC-CNRS UPR 1934, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
- Corresponding author: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CEBC-CNRS UPR 1934, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France. Tel: +33 549 097 879.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- A. Golubović
- Faculty of Biology; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | | | - S. Djordjević
- Faculty of Biology; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - M. Djurakic
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Novi Sad Serbia
| | - L. Tomović
- Faculty of Biology; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
- Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Michel CL, Chastel O, Bonnet X. Ambient temperature and pregnancy influence cortisol levels in female guinea pigs and entail long-term effects on the stress response of their offspring. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 171:275-82. [PMID: 21334340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mammals generally respond to the important metabolic requirements imposed by thermoregulation and pregnancy by increasing plasma concentrations of glucocorticoid that promote the mobilization of body reserves and enhance energy use by tissues. This study examined the impact of distinct ambient temperatures and reproductive status on cortisol plasma levels in female guinea pigs (Cavia aperea f. porcellus). We also examined cortisol profiles of their offspring. Forty adult females were placed in individual boxes, 20 were exposed to a neutral thermal regime (mean ambient temperature 22.1 ± 1.5 °C) and 20 were maintained under a cool thermal regime (15.1 ± 1.5 °C). Within each treatment, 12 females were pregnant and 8 were non-pregnant. Pregnancy generated a marked elevation of baseline cortisol. Ambient temperature also affected cortisol concentrations. Compared to the pregnant females from the neutral thermal regime, pregnant females maintained under cool conditions exhibited lower baseline levels of cortisol, were less active, but they displayed a greater stress response (i.e. rapid increase of plasma cortisol) following handling. Thermal treatment did not influence reproductive output, reproductive effort, or offspring characteristics. This suggests that pregnant female guinea pigs cope with cool (but not extreme) thermal conditions by reducing activity and baseline cortisol levels, possibly to save energy via an adaptive response. Interestingly, the greater amplitude of the stress response of the cool regime females was also observed in their offspring 2 months after parturition, suggesting that hormonal ambience experienced by the individuals in utero shaped their stress response long after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Michel
- CEBC CNRS, UPR 1934, Villiers en Bois, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lelièvre H, Blouin-Demers G, Pinaud D, Lisse H, Bonnet X, Lourdais O. Contrasted thermal preferences translate into divergences in habitat use and realized performance in two sympatric snakes. J Zool (1987) 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Pillet H, Bonnet X, Vogel C, Logut L, Fode P, Skalli W, Lavaste F. Kinematic and kinetic analysis of asymptomatic subjects walking on a sloped surface. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2010.494043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
28
|
Bonnet X, Pillet H, Fode P, Skalli W, Lavaste F. Internal power assessment during transfemoral amputee gait: effect of walking speed. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2010.491944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
Reading CJ, Luiselli LM, Akani GC, Bonnet X, Amori G, Ballouard JM, Filippi E, Naulleau G, Pearson D, Rugiero L. Are snake populations in widespread decline? Biol Lett 2010; 6:777-80. [PMID: 20534600 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term studies have revealed population declines in fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. In birds, and particularly amphibians, these declines are a global phenomenon whose causes are often unclear. Among reptiles, snakes are top predators and therefore a decline in their numbers may have serious consequences for the functioning of many ecosystems. Our results show that, of 17 snake populations (eight species) from the UK, France, Italy, Nigeria and Australia, 11 have declined sharply over the same relatively short period of time with five remaining stable and one showing signs of a marginal increase. Although the causes of these declines are currently unknown, we suspect that they are multi-faceted (such as habitat quality deterioration, prey availability), and with a common cause, e.g. global climate change, at their root.
Collapse
|
30
|
Azmy C, Guérard S, Bonnet X, Gabrielli F, Skalli W. EOS orthopaedic imaging system to study patellofemoral kinematics: assessment of uncertainty. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2010; 96:28-36. [PMID: 20170853 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcot.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate knowledge of knee joint kinematics, especially patellofemoral joint kinematics,is essential for prosthetic evaluation so as to further improve total knee arthroplasty performances. Improving the evaluation of the functioning of the extensor apparatus appears,in this respect, particularly important in this optimization effort. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to propose a new experimental setup for the analysis of knee joint kinematics and to validate its relevance in terms of accuracy and uncertainty.The technique developed herein combines 3D reconstruction imaging with the use of a motion capture system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight pairs of fresh-frozen cadaver specimens with no evidence of previous knee surgery were studied using a new test rig where the femur remains fixed and the tibia is free to rotate. The flexion-extension cycles were executed using computer-controlled traction of the quadriceps tendon combined with an antagonist force applied to the distal part of the tibia. Knee joint kinematics were tracked using an optoelectronic motion capture system after a preliminary stage of data acquisition of bone geometry and markers position. This stage was carried out using a new digital stereophotogrammetric system, EOS, combined with specific 3D reconstruction software that also determined the coordinate system used in the kinematic analysis. The resulting uncertainty was assessed as was its impact on the estimated kinematics. RESULTS Test results on eight knees validated the setup designed for the analysis of knee joint kinematics during the flexion-extension cycle. More specifically, the statistical results show that measurement uncertainty for rotations and translations remains below 0.4 and 1.8 mm,respectively, for the tibia and 0.4 and 1.2 mm for the patella (+/- 2 S.D. for all four measurements). DISCUSSION The combination of 3D imaging and motion capture enables the proposed method to track the real-time motion of any bone segment during knee flexion-extension cycle. In particular,the new test rig introduced in this paper allows in vitro measurements of the patello femoral and tibiofemoral kinematics with a good level of accuracy. Moreover, this personalized experimental analysis can provide a more objective approach to the evaluation of knee implants as well as the validation of the finite-elements-based models of the patellofemoral joint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Azmy
- Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, 40, allée de la source, 94195 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pillet H, Bonnet X, Fodé P, Pawlowski A, El Fettahi N, Lavaste F. Stair descent of patients with transfemoral amputation. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840903093409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
32
|
Schlatterer B, Suedhoff I, Bonnet X, Catonne Y, Maestro M, Skalli W. Skeletal landmarks for TKR implantations: evaluation of their accuracy using EOS imaging acquisition system. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2009; 95:2-11. [PMID: 19251231 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lower extremity alignment remains one essential objective during total knee replacement. Implants positioning analysis requires selecting reliable skeletal landmarks. Our objective was to in vivo evaluate the precision of the implemented skeletal landmarks. This evaluation was based on multiple three-dimensional (3D) computer reconstructions of the lower extremity derived from an EOS biplanar low-dose X-ray system acquisition. A 3D angle measurement protocol was used. HYPOTHESIS Currently defined landmarks carry a tolerable uncertainty margin, which can still probably be further improved. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nine lower extremity 3D computer reconstructions were obtained from an EOS protocol based on seven simultaneous A-P and lateral views performed in standing position. A database was established by four operators; finally, building up a total of 99 in vivo 3D reconstructions of these nine lower extremities. Specific algorithms were used for such 3D reconstructions of lower extremities based on bone points and pre-identified contours on X-ray. Four femoral landmarks and four tibial landmarks were thus defined. For each bone and each landmark studied, a mean landmark for the 11 consecutive series elements was established. The deviation from each constructed landmark to the corresponding mean landmark was calculated based on the anteroposterior (x), longitudinal (y) and mediolateral axes (z), in translation (Tx, Ty, Tz) and in rotation (Rx, Ry, Rz). Uncertainty was estimated by the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS The landmarks located at the middle of the segment joining the center of each posterior condyle and at the barycenter of the plateaux showed a greater reliability; these landmarks uncertainty (95% CI) of Tx, Ty, Tz was less than 1, 0.5, 1.5 mm for the femur and 1.5, 0.6, 0.6 mm for the tibia, respectively. The femoral landmarks using the center or posterior edge of the posterior condyles to define the mediolateral axis were retained; for rotations Rx, Ry, and Rz, uncertainty remained less than 0.3, 4, and 0.5 degrees. All of the tibial landmarks had a comparable reliability in rotation, 95% of the Rx and Rz deviations were under 0.5 and 1.3 degrees, respectively, with a mean error less than 1 degrees . For the tibial rotation Ry, the mean error was greater (4 degrees), with uncertainty (95% CI) at 11.2 degrees. All tibial translations showed a mean error of 1 mm. The 3D implantation angles were measured on two patients using preoperative 3D skeletal reconstructions and 3D geometric models of the implants repositioned on postoperative EOS knee X-rays. DISCUSSION The posterior condyles are rarely involved in the arthritic wear process, making them an anatomic landmark of choice in the analysis of the femoral component positioning. The femoral landmarks using the posterior condyles were sufficiently reliable for clinical use. However, the posterior contours of the tibial plateaux were less precise. The knees should be staggered from an anteroposterior perspective on the EOS lateral images so that they can be visualized separately. The anatomic zones on which the skeletal landmarks are based are usually removed by the bone cuts, making it preferable to save the preoperative computer reconstructions to analyze the postimplantation 3D reconstruction. CONCLUSION The lower extremity skeletal landmarks precision relates to the quality of the corresponding 3D reconstructions. Except for tibial rotation, all the translation and rotation parameters were estimated within a mean error margin inferior to 1.2 mm and 1.3 degrees, respectively. Making the reconstruction algorithms more robust would render certain anatomic zones even more precise. Biplanar low-dose EOS X-ray system is a tool of the future to generate 3D knee X-rays that can improve the evaluation and follow-up of total knee arthroplasty patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Schlatterer
- Monaco Sportsmedicine and Surgery Institute, 11, avenue d'Ostende, 98000 Monaco, Monaco.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lagarde F, Guillon M, Dubroca L, Bonnet X, Ben Kaddour K, Slimani T, El mouden E. Slowness and acceleration: a new method to quantify the activity budget of chelonians. Anim Behav 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
34
|
Affiliation(s)
- F Brischoux
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé- CNRS, Villiers en Bois, FranceUniversité François Rabelais, 3 rue des Tanneurs, Tours, Cedex 1, FranceBiological Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - X Bonnet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé- CNRS, Villiers en Bois, FranceUniversité François Rabelais, 3 rue des Tanneurs, Tours, Cedex 1, FranceBiological Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T R Cook
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé- CNRS, Villiers en Bois, FranceUniversité François Rabelais, 3 rue des Tanneurs, Tours, Cedex 1, FranceBiological Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R Shine
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé- CNRS, Villiers en Bois, FranceUniversité François Rabelais, 3 rue des Tanneurs, Tours, Cedex 1, FranceBiological Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Goujon H, Bonnet X, Sautreuil P, Maurisset M, Darmon L, Fode P, Lavaste F. A functional evaluation of prosthetic foot kinematics during lower-limb amputee gait. Prosthet Orthot Int 2006; 30:213-23. [PMID: 16990231 DOI: 10.1080/03093640600805134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a functional evaluation of prosthetic feet based on gait analysis. The aim is to analyse prosthetic feet behaviour under loads applied during gait in order to quantify user benefits for each foot. Ten traumatic amputees (six trans-tibial and four trans-femoral) were tested using their own prosthetic foot. An original protocol is presented to calculate the forefoot kinematics together with the overall body kinematics and ground reaction forces during gait. In this work, sagittal motion of the prosthetic ankle and the forefoot, time-distance parameters and ground reaction forces were examined. It is shown that an analysis of not only trans-tibial but also trans-femoral amputees provides an insight in the performance of prosthetic feet. Symmetry and prosthetic propulsive force were proved to be mainly dependant on amputation level. In contrast, the flexion of the prosthetic forefoot and several time-distance parameters are highly influenced by foot design. Correlations show influential of foot and ankle kinematics on other parameters. These results suggest that prosthetic foot efficiency depends simultaneously on foot design and gait style. The evaluation, proposed in this article, associated to clinical examination should help to achieve the best prosthetic foot match to a patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Goujon
- Laboratoire de Biomécanique de l'Ensam, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lourdais O, Shine R, Bonnet X, Brischoux F. Sex differences in body composition, performance and behaviour in the Colombian rainbow boa (
Epicrates cenchria maurus
, Boidae). J Zool (1987) 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, Villiers en Bois, France
- Conseil Général des Deux Sèvres, Niort, France
| | - R. Shine
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - X. Bonnet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - F. Brischoux
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, Villiers en Bois, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Shine R, Bonnet X, Elphick MJ, Barrott EG. A novel foraging mode in snakes: browsing by the sea snake Emydocephalus annulatus (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae). Funct Ecol 2004. [DOI: 10.1046/j.0269-8463.2004.00803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Bonnet X, Naulleau G, Shine R, Lourdais O. Short-term versus long-term effects of food intake on reproductive output in a viviparous snake, Vipera aspis. OIKOS 2003. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
40
|
|
41
|
Lourdais O, Bonnet X, DeNardo D, Naulleau G. Do sex divergences in reproductive ecophysiology translate into dimorphic demographic patterns? POPUL ECOL 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s101440200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
42
|
Pearson D, Shine R, Bonnet X, Williams A, Jennings B, Lourdais O. Ecological notes on Crowned SnakesElapognathus coronatusfrom the Archipelago of the Recherche in southwestern Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.7882/az.2001.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
43
|
Bonnet X, Naulleau G, Bradshaw D, Shine R. Changes in plasma progesterone in relation to vitellogenesis and gestation in the viviparous snake Vipera aspis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2001; 121:84-94. [PMID: 11161773 DOI: 10.1006/gcen.2000.7574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Viviparity has arisen from oviparity on more than 100 independent occasions in squamate reptiles, providing an unique opportunity to investigate the ways in which endocrine control of gestation length has been modified by natural selection during this major transition in reproductive modes. Intuitively, the evolution of viviparity might be expected to involve an increasingly important role for the steroid hormone progesterone, rather than estradiol. Unfortunately, published data on this topic in snakes are scarce and often contradictory. Females of the viviparous snake Vipera aspis reproduce with a lower than annual frequency, providing the opportunity to examine steroid profiles simultaneously in vitellogenic, pregnant, and postparturient versus nonreproductive females. From 1990 to 1994, more than 500 blood samples were collected from more than 100 females. Progesterone, estradiol-17beta, and several plasma metabolites were assayed by radioimmunoassay and spectrophotometry. In contrast to earlier studies, we found significant differences between plasma progesterone levels in reproducing (10.5 +/- 9.1 ng ml(-1), N = 168) and nonreproducing (5.1 +/- 4.2 ng ml(-1), N = 121) females. Estradiol reached high levels during vitellogenesis (4.8 +/- 4.0 ng ml(-1), N = 16), and progesterone levels increased during gestation (from 3.7 ng ml(-1) before gestation to 18.7 ng ml(-1) at midgestation). However, experimental elevation of plasma progesterone levels with implants (up to 44.4 ng ml(-1)) did not modify plasma metabolite levels or delay parturition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Bonnet
- Conseil Général des Deux-Sèvres, Niort, 79000, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Bonnet X, Naulleau G, Shine R, Lourdais O. What is the appropriate timescale for measuring costs of reproduction in a `capital breeder' such as the aspic viper? Evol Ecol 1999. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1006712713698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
46
|
Bonnet X, Naulleau G, Mauget R. The influence of body condition on 17-beta estradiol levels in relation to vitellogenesis in female Vipera aspis (Reptilia, Viperidae). Gen Comp Endocrinol 1994; 93:424-37. [PMID: 8194742 DOI: 10.1006/gcen.1994.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-six wild Vipera aspis females were caught over 3 years and placed in outdoor enclosures; 39 reproduced and 37 did not. Almost all the reproductive females had a body condition index (BCI) greater than 0.70 when vitellogenesis began. Monthly blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture. The main plasma parameters of vitellogenesis were measured by spectrophotometry: total plasma calcium, phosphorus, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, proteins, and albumin. Plasma 17-beta estradiol levels were determined by RIA. Vitellogenesis started soon after hibernation in reproductive females with very high 17-beta estradiol concentrations (average of 4.00 ng/ml) and there was a marked mobilization of maternal reserves (fat bodies, liver, and vertebral bone) associated with very high values of plasma calcium, phosphorus, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, and proteins. The kinetics of the main plasma components were described throughout the vitellogenesis period (from March to early June), when all plasma parameters differed markedly between reproductive and nonreproductive females. After ovulation, the differences between the two groups of females disappeared except in the case of albumin, which remained at a very low level in reproductive females for 6 months. All nonreproductive females had low 17-beta estradiol plasma levels during vitellogenesis (average of 0.08 ng/ml) and there was no suggestion of mobilization of maternal reserves. After vitellogenesis plasma concentrations of estradiol were low in reproductive (an average of 0.08 ng/ml) and in nonreproductive animals (0.06 ng/ml). Five nonreproductive females kept in the laboratory were estrogenized by 17-beta estradiol silastic implants. The 17-beta estradiol concentrations were close to those measured in reproductive females during vitellogenesis. Maternal reserves were mobilized, with almost all metabolic parameters exhibiting the vitellogenic pattern. When the silastic implants were removed, 17-beta estradiol concentrations dropped sharply to a basal level, but the other components were maintained near the vitellogenic values for several months. In contrast to previous studies on viviparous snakes, these results suggest that in V. aspis 17-beta estradiol levels are linked strictly to vitellogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Bonnet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Villiers en Bois, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bonnet X, Naulleau G. [Use of a body condition index (BCI) for the study of the reproduction in snakes]. C R Acad Sci III 1994; 317:34-41. [PMID: 7987689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A body condition index (BCI = actual body mass/optimal theoritical body mass of the studied animal) was estimated in females of 3 species of snake. From dissections of 88 Vipera aspis and 18 Coluber viridiflavus, strong relationships between body reserves (such as mass of fat bodies and liver) and BCI were found. Furthermore, BCI explained most of the variance in the mass of the fat bodies and in the mass of the liver; however BCI and body length together increased the percentage of variation explained. Thus, a satisfactory estimation of body reserves in relation to body length is possible in living snakes. We have studied reproductive parameters (clutch size and litter size) in Vipera aspis (Viperidae) and Elaphe longissima (Colubridae) during a 3 year period. In the two species positive relationships between maternal body length and number of offspring were found. At the beginning of vitellogenesis, litter size is related to the BCI level in V. aspis but not in E. longissima. In both species, BCI must exceed a threshold value for reproduction to take place. However this threshold value is much lower in E. longissima (0.55) than in V. aspis (0.70). This indicates that in the latter species, large body reserves are necessary for the induction of vitellogenesis. In E. longissima, maternal body length is an important determinant of reproductive success, body reserves playing a minor role. In contrast, in female V. aspis the reproductive success is related to BCI and to a lesser extent to body length.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Bonnet
- CNRS, Centre d'Etudes biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | | |
Collapse
|