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Liu X, Li H, Hastings MH, Xiao C, Damilano F, Platt C, Lerchenmüller C, Zhu H, Wei XP, Yeri A, Most P, Rosenzweig A. miR-222 inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:262-272. [PMID: 38084908 PMCID: PMC10939454 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Physiological cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to exercise and can protect against pathological stress. In contrast, pathological hypertrophy occurs in disease and often precedes heart failure. The cardiac pathways activated in physiological and pathological hypertrophy are largely distinct. Our prior work demonstrated that miR-222 increases in exercised hearts and is required for exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyogenesis. Here, we sought to define the role of miR-222 in pathological hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that miR-222 also increased in pathological hypertrophy induced by pressure overload. To assess its functional significance in this setting, we generated a miR-222 gain-of-function model through cardiac-specific constitutive transgenic miR-222 expression (TgC-miR-222) and used locked nucleic acid anti-miR specific for miR-222 to inhibit its effects. Both gain- and loss-of-function models manifested normal cardiac structure and function at baseline. However, after transverse aortic constriction (TAC), miR-222 inhibition accelerated the development of pathological hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. Conversely, miR-222-overexpressing mice had less pathological hypertrophy after TAC, as well as better cardiac function and survival. We identified p53-up-regulated modulator of apoptosis, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, and the transcription factors, Hmbox1 and nuclear factor of activated T-cells 3, as direct miR-222 targets contributing to its roles in this context. CONCLUSION While miR-222 is necessary for physiological cardiac growth, it inhibits cardiac growth in response to pressure overload and reduces adverse remodelling and cardiac dysfunction. These findings support the model that physiological and pathological hypertrophy are fundamentally different. Further, they suggest that miR-222 may hold promise as a therapeutic target in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Margaret H Hastings
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC Building 25, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - Chunyang Xiao
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Federico Damilano
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Colin Platt
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Heart and Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Han Zhu
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xin Paul Wei
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ashish Yeri
- Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patrick Most
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC Building 25, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
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Ratliff M, Karimian-Jazi K, Hoffmann DC, Rauschenbach L, Simon M, Hai L, Mandelbaum H, Schubert MC, Kessler T, Uhlig S, Dominguez Azorin D, Jung E, Osswald M, Solecki G, Maros ME, Venkataramani V, Glas M, Etminan N, Scheffler B, Wick W, Winkler F. Individual glioblastoma cells harbor both proliferative and invasive capabilities during tumor progression. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:2150-2162. [PMID: 37335907 PMCID: PMC10708941 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are characterized by aggressive and infiltrative growth, and by striking heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor cell proliferation and invasion are interrelated, or rather distinct features of different cell populations. METHODS Tumor cell invasion and proliferation were longitudinally determined in real-time using 3D in vivo 2-photon laser scanning microscopy over weeks. Glioblastoma cells expressed fluorescent markers that permitted the identification of their mitotic history or their cycling versus non-cycling cell state. RESULTS Live reporter systems were established that allowed us to dynamically determine the invasive behavior, and previous or actual proliferation of distinct glioblastoma cells, in different tumor regions and disease stages over time. Particularly invasive tumor cells that migrated far away from the main tumor mass, when followed over weeks, had a history of marked proliferation and maintained their proliferative capacity during brain colonization. Infiltrating cells showed fewer connections to the multicellular tumor cell network, a typical feature of gliomas. Once tumor cells colonized a new brain region, their phenotype progressively transitioned into tumor microtube-rich, interconnected, slower-cycling glioblastoma cells. Analysis of resected human glioblastomas confirmed a higher proliferative potential of tumor cells from the invasion zone. CONCLUSIONS The detection of glioblastoma cells that harbor both particularly high proliferative and invasive capabilities during brain tumor progression provides valuable insights into the interrelatedness of proliferation and migration-2 central traits of malignancy in glioma. This contributes to our understanding of how the brain is efficiently colonized in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ratliff
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kianush Karimian-Jazi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk C Hoffmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laurèl Rauschenbach
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, DKTK Partner Site, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bethel Clinic, University of Bielefeld Medical Center, OWL, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ling Hai
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henriette Mandelbaum
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc C Schubert
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- FlowCore Mannheim and Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Dominguez Azorin
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erik Jung
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Osswald
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gergely Solecki
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Máté E Maros
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at the Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health (CPD-BW), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, DKTK Partner Site, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nima Etminan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, DKTK Partner Site, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and Neurooncology Program and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Falter J, Lohmeier A, Eberl P, Stoerr EM, Koskimäki J, Falter L, Rossmann J, Mederer T, Schmidt NO, Proescholdt M. CXCR2-Blocking Has Context-Sensitive Effects on Rat Glioblastoma Cell Line Outgrowth (S635) in an Organotypic Rat Brain Slice Culture Depending on Microglia-Depletion (PLX5622) and Dexamethasone Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16803. [PMID: 38069130 PMCID: PMC10706712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In glioblastoma (GBM), the interplay of different immune cell subtypes, cytokines, and/or drugs shows high context-dependencies. Interrelations between the routinely applied dexamethasone (Dex) and microglia remain elusive. Here, we exploited rat organotypic brain slice co-cultures (OBSC) to examine the effects on a rat GBM cell line (S635) outgrowth resulting from the presence of Dex and pretreatment with the colony-stimulating factor receptor 1 (CSF1-R) inhibitor PLX5622: in native OBSC (without PLX5622-pretreatment), a diminished S635 spheroid outgrowth was observable, whereas Dex-treatment enhanced outgrowth in this condition compared to PLX5622-pretreated OBSC. Screening the supernatants of our model with a proteome profiler, we found that CXCL2 was differentially secreted in a Dex- and PLX5622-dependent fashion. To analyze causal interrelations, we interrupted the CXCL2/CXCR2-axis: in the native OBSC condition, CXCR2-blocking resulted in increased outgrowth, in combination with Dex, we found potentiated outgrowth. No effect was found in the PLX5622-pretreated. Our method allowed us to study the influence of three different factors-dexamethasone, PLX5622, and CXCL2-in a well-controlled, simplified, and straight-forward mechanistic manner, and at the same time in a more realistic ex vivo scenario compared to in vitro studies. In our model, we showed a GBM outgrowth enhancing synergism between CXCR2-blocking and Dex-treatment in the native condition, which was levelled by PLX5622-pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Falter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Annette Lohmeier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Eberl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Stoerr
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Janne Koskimäki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 25, 90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Lena Falter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Caritas Hospital St. Josef Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Rossmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Mederer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nils Ole Schmidt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
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Winkelmann M, Blumenberg V, Rejeski K, Quell C, Bücklein V, Ingenerf M, Unterrainer M, Schmidt C, Dekorsy FJ, Bartenstein P, Ricke J, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Subklewe M, Kunz WG. Modification of Lugano criteria by pre-infusion tumor kinetics improves early survival prediction for patients with lymphoma under chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006659. [PMID: 37880181 PMCID: PMC10603350 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CART) is effective for patients with refractory or relapsed lymphoma with prolongation of survival. We aimed to improve the prediction of Lugano criteria for overall survival (OS) at 30-day follow-up (FU1) by including the pre-infusion tumor growth rate (TGRpre-BL) and its early change to 30-day FU1 imaging (TGRpost-BL). METHODS Consecutive patients with pre-baseline (pre-BL), baseline (BL) and FU1 imaging with CT or positron emission tomography/CT before CART were included. TGR was defined as change of Lugano criteria-based tumor burden between pre-BL, BL and FU1 examinations in relation to days between imaging examinations. Overall response and progression-free survival were determined based on Lugano criteria. Proportional Cox regression analysis studied association of TGR with OS. For survival analysis, OS was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS Fifty-nine out of 81 patients met the inclusion criteria. At 30-day FU1 8 patients (13.6%) had a complete response (CR), 25 patients (42.4%) a partial response (PR), 15 patients (25.4%) a stable disease (SD), and 11 patients (18.6%) a progressive disease (PD) according to CT-based Lugano criteria. The median TGRpre-BL was -0.6 mm2/day, 24.4 mm2/day, -5.1 mm2/day, and 18.6 mm2/day and the median TGRpost-BL was -16.7 mm2/day, -102.0 mm2/day, -19.8 mm2/day and 8.5 mm2/day in CR, PR, SD, and PD patients, respectively. PD patients could be subclassified into a cohort with an increase in TGR (7 of 11 patients (64%), PD TGRpre-to-post-BL INCR) and a cohort with a decrease in TGR (4 of 11 patients (36%), PD TGRpre-to-post-BL DECR) from pre-BL to post-BL. PD TGRpre-to-post-BL DECR patients exhibited similar OS to patients classified as SD, while PD TGRpre-to-post-BL INCR patients had significantly shorter OS (65 days vs 471 days, p<0.001). CONCLUSION In the context of CART, the additional use of TGRpre-BL and its change to TGRpost-BL determined at 30-day FU1 showed better OS prognostication for patients with overall PD according to Lugano criteria. Therefore, this modification of the Lugano classification should be explored as a potential novel imaging biomarker of early response and should be validated prospectively in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Winkelmann
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria Blumenberg
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Rejeski
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Quell
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit Bücklein
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Ingenerf
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidt
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bartenstein
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Ricke
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Munich Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang G Kunz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
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Puetzler J, Hasselmann J, Nonhoff M, Fobker M, Niemann S, Theil C, Gosheger G, Schulze M. On-Demand Release of Anti-Infective Silver from a Novel Implant Coating Using High-Energy Focused Shock Waves. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2179. [PMID: 37765150 PMCID: PMC10537269 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Implant-related infections are a significant concern in orthopedic surgery. A novel anti-infective implant coating made of bioresorbable polymer with silver nitrate was developed. A controlled release of silver ions into the vicinity of the prosthesis can be triggered on-demand by extracorporeal shock waves to effectively combat all clinically relevant microorganisms. Microscopy techniques were used to examine the effects of shock wave application on coated titanium discs. Cytotoxicity was measured using a fibroblast proliferation assay. The anti-infective effect was assessed by monitoring the growth curves of three bacterial strains and by conventional culture. Microscopic analysis confirmed surface disruption of the coatings, with a complete release of silver in the focus area after shock wave application. Spectrometry detected an increase in silver concentration in the surrounding of the discs that surpassed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for both S. epidermidis RP62A and E. coli ATCC 25922. The released silver demonstrated an anti-infective effect, significantly inhibiting bacterial growth, especially at 6% and 8% silver concentrations. Cytotoxicity testing showed decreasing fibroblast viability with increasing silver concentration in the coating, with 6% silver maintaining viability above 25%. Compared to a commonly used electroplated silver coating on the market, the new coating demonstrated superior antimicrobial efficacy and lower cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Puetzler
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Julian Hasselmann
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Muenster, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Melanie Nonhoff
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Manfred Fobker
- Central Laboratory, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Muenster University Hospital, Domagkstraße 10, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Christoph Theil
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Gosheger
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Martin Schulze
- Department of General Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, Muenster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Braun LT, Vogel F, Zopp S, Marchant Seiter T, Rubinstein G, Berr CM, Künzel H, Beuschlein F, Reincke M. Whom Should We Screen for Cushing Syndrome? The Endocrine Society Practice Guideline Recommendations 2008 Revisited. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3723-e3730. [PMID: 35730067 PMCID: PMC9387700 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cushing syndrome (CS) is a rare and serious disease with high mortality. Patients are often diagnosed late in the course of the disease. OBJECTIVE This work investigated whether defined patient populations should be screened outside the at-risk populations defined in current guidelines. METHODS As part of the prospective German Cushing registry, we studied 377 patients with suspected CS. The chief complaint for CS referral was documented. Using urinary free cortisol, late-night salivary cortisol, and the 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test as well as long-term clinical observation, CS was confirmed in 93 patients and ruled out for the remaining 284. RESULTS Patients were referred for 18 key symptoms, of which 5 were more common in patients with CS than in those in whom CS was ruled out: osteoporosis (8% vs 2%; P = .02), adrenal incidentaloma (17% vs 8%, P = 0.01), metabolic syndrome (11% vs 4%; P = .02), myopathy (10% vs 2%; P < .001), and presence of multiple symptoms (16% vs 1%; P < .001). Obesity was more common in patients in whom CS was ruled out (30% vs 4%, P < .001), but recent weight gain was prominent in those with CS. A total of 68 of 93 patients with CS (73%) had typical chief complaints, as did 106 of 284 of patients with ruled-out CS status (37%) according to the Endocrine Society practice guideline 2008. CONCLUSION The 2008 Endocrine Society Practice guideline for screening and diagnosis of CS defined at-risk populations that should undergo testing. These recommendations are still valid in 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah T Braun
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Frederick Vogel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zopp
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Marchant Seiter
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - German Rubinstein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina M Berr
- Department of Endocrinology, I. Medical Clinic, University Hospital, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Heike Künzel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ) und Universität Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Reincke
- Correspondence: Martin Reincke, MD, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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7
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Zimmer-Bensch G, Zempel H. DNA Methylation in Genetic and Sporadic Forms of Neurodegeneration: Lessons from Alzheimer's, Related Tauopathies and Genetic Tauopathies. Cells 2021; 10:3064. [PMID: 34831288 PMCID: PMC8624300 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and sporadic forms of tauopathies, the most prevalent of which is Alzheimer's Disease, are a scourge of the aging society, and in the case of genetic forms, can also affect children and young adults. All tauopathies share ectopic expression, mislocalization, or aggregation of the microtubule associated protein TAU, encoded by the MAPT gene. As TAU is a neuronal protein widely expressed in the CNS, the overwhelming majority of tauopathies are neurological disorders. They are characterized by cognitive dysfunction often leading to dementia, and are frequently accompanied by movement abnormalities such as parkinsonism. Tauopathies can lead to severe neurological deficits and premature death. For some tauopathies there is a clear genetic cause and/or an epigenetic contribution. However, for several others the disease etiology is unclear, with few tauopathies being environmentally triggered. Here, we review current knowledge of tauopathies listing known genetic and important sporadic forms of these disease. Further, we discuss how DNA methylation as a major epigenetic mechanism emerges to be involved in the disease pathophysiology of Alzheimer's, and related genetic and non-genetic tauopathies. Finally, we debate the application of epigenetic signatures in peripheral blood samples as diagnostic tools and usages of epigenetic therapy strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch
- Functional Epigenetics in the Animal Model, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses-MultiScales, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Zempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Seier JA, Reinhardt J, Saraf K, Ng SS, Layer JP, Corvino D, Althoff K, Giordano FA, Schramm A, Fischer M, Hölzel M. Druggable epigenetic suppression of interferon-induced chemokine expression linked to MYCN amplification in neuroblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001335. [PMID: 34016720 PMCID: PMC8141444 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is a molecular hallmark of aggressive neuroblastoma (NB), a childhood cancer of the sympathetic nervous system. There is evidence that MYCN promotes a non-inflamed and T-cell infiltration-poor ('cold') tumor microenvironment (TME) by suppressing interferon signaling. This may explain, at least in part, why patients with NB seem to have little benefit from single-agent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Targeting MYCN or its effectors could be a strategy to convert a cold TME into a 'hot' (inflamed) TME and improve the efficacy of ICB therapy. METHODS NB transcriptome analyses were used to identify epigenetic drivers of a T-cell infiltration-poor TME. Biological and molecular responses of NB cells to epigenetic drugs and interferon (IFN)-γ exposure were assessed by proliferation assays, immunoblotting, ELISA, qRT-PCR, RNA-seq and ChIP-qPCR as well as co-culture assays with T cells. RESULTS We identified H3K9 euchromatic histone-lysine methyltransferases EHMT2 and EHMT1, also known as G9a and GLP, as epigenetic effectors of the MYCN-driven malignant phenotype and repressors of IFN-γ transcriptional responses in NB cells. EHMT inhibitors enhanced IFN-γ-induced expression of the Th1-type chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, key factors of T-cell recruitment into the TME. In MYCN-amplified NB cells, co-inhibition of EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homologue 2), a H3K27 histone methyltransferase cooperating with EHMTs, was needed for strong transcriptional responses to IFN-γ, in line with histone mark changes at CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokine gene loci. EHMT and EZH2 inhibitor response gene signatures from NB cells were established as surrogate measures and revealed high EHMT and EZH2 activity in MYCN-amplified high-risk NBs with a cold immune phenotype. CONCLUSION Our results delineate a strategy for targeted epigenetic immunomodulation of high-risk NBs, whereby EHMT inhibitors alone or in combination with EZH2 inhibitors (in particular, MYCN-amplified NBs) could promote a T-cell-infiltrated TME via enhanced Th1-type chemokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna A Seier
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Reinhardt
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kritika Saraf
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanna S Ng
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian P Layer
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dillon Corvino
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina Althoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank A Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Nyberg J, Gustavsson S, Linde M, Åberg ND, Rohmann JL, Åberg M, Kurth T, Waern M, Kuhn GH. Cardiovascular fitness and risk of migraine: a large, prospective population-based study of Swedish young adult men. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029147. [PMID: 31473616 PMCID: PMC6719773 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the longitudinal relationship between cardiovascular fitness in young adult men and future risk of migraine and to estimate eventual differential effects among categories of body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure. DESIGN National, prospective, population-based cohort study. SETTING Sweden 1968-2014. PARTICIPANTS 18-year-old Swedish men (n=1 819 828) who underwent mandatory military conscription examinations during the years 1968-2005. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES The primary outcome was the first dispensation of prescribed migraine-specific medication, identified using the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. The secondary outcome was documented migraine diagnosis from the Swedish National Hospital Register. RESULTS During follow-up, 22 533 men filled a prescription for migraine-specific medication. After confounding adjustment, compared with high cardiovascular fitness, low and medium fitness increased the risk of migraine-specific medication (risk ratio (RR)low: 1.29, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.35; population attributable fraction: 3.6%, 95% CI 1.7% to 5.3% and RRmedium: 1.15, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.19; population attributable fraction: 8.0%, 95% CI 4.0% to 11.7%). To assess potential effect measure modification, stratified analyses of these association by levels of BMI and blood pressure showed that lower fitness levels increased risk of migraine across all groups except among underweight men or men with high diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Young men with a lower cardiovascular fitness had a higher long-term risk of developing pharmacological prescription-requiring migraine. This study contributes with information regarding risk factors for migraine in men, an understudied population in migraine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Nyberg
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Gustavsson
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mattias Linde
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Norwegian Advisory Unit on Headache, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - N David Åberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jessica L Rohmann
- Institute of Public Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Åberg
- Department of Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Närhälsan, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margda Waern
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Georg Hans Kuhn
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Stroke Research and Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Voigt
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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