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Luo KY, Su JQ, Zhao CL. Morphological and molecular identification for four new wood-inhabiting species of Trechispora (Basidiomycota) from China. MycoKeys 2024; 105:155-178. [PMID: 38783906 PMCID: PMC11112168 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.105.120438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Four new wood-inhabiting fungi, Trechisporaalbofarinosa, T.bisterigmata, T.pileata and T.wenshanensisspp. nov., are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Trechisporaalbofarinosa is characterized by the farinose basidiomata with flocculence hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and ellipsoid, warted basidiospores. Trechisporabisterigmata is characterized by the membranous basidiomata with odontioid hymenial surface, rhizomorphic sterile margin, barrelled basidia and subglobose to broad ellipsoid, smooth basidiospores. Trechisporapileata is characterized by the laterally contracted base, solitary or imbricate basidiomata, fan shaped pileus, radially striate-covered surface with appressed scales, odontioid hymenophore surface, and subglobose to broad ellipsoid, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores. Trechisporawenshanensis is characterized by a cottony basidiomata with a smooth hymenial surface, and ellipsoid, thin-walled, warted basidiospores. Sequences of ITS and LSU marker of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic tree inferred from the ITS+nLSU sequences highlighted that four new species were grouped into the genus Trechispora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jiang-Qing Su
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Chang-Lin Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina
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Sun C, Liu YF, Liang YM, Wang L. Four new species of Puccinia from herbaceous plants in China. Mycologia 2024; 116:309-321. [PMID: 38252498 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2289697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Members of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae, Pucciniales) are known as plant pathogens worldwide, which are characterized by their morphology, host association, and molecular data of various genes. In the present study, 10 specimens of Puccinia were collected from four herbaceous plants (Anaphalis hancockii, Anthriscus sylvestris, Halenia elliptica, and Pilea pumila) in China and identified based on morphology and phylogeny. As a result, 10 samples represent four undescribed species of Puccinia, viz., P. apdensia, P. decidua, P. dermatis, and P. lianchengensis, spp. nov. P. apdensia is characterized by its smooth teliospores with thickened apex. P. decidua represents the first Puccinia species inhabiting the host Anaphalis hancockii and is distinguished from the other Puccinia species by its telia and uredinia surrounded by the epidermis. P. dermatis from Halenia elliptica differs from the other Puccinia species on the host genus Halenia by the telia that have epidermis and teliospores with sparsely irregular granulated protrusions. P. lianchengensis is characterized by its teliospore surface with fishnet ornamentation and urediniospores without prominent caps. All of the new species are described and illustrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying-Mei Liang
- Museum of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing 100050, China
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3
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Wu N, Dissanayake AJ, Du HZ, Liu JK. Morpho-Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals Novel Species and New Records of Botryosphaeriaceae in China and Thailand. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1051. [PMID: 37998857 PMCID: PMC10671917 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Species in the Botryosphaeriaceae are common plant pathogens, endophytes, and saprobes found on a variety of mainly woody hosts. Botryosphaeriaceae is a high-profile fungal family whose genera have been subjected to continuous revisions in recent years. Surveys conducted during 2019 and 2020 on several decaying woody hosts (from dead arial twigs, branches, stems, bark, and seed pods) in China and Thailand revealed a high diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi. Identification of 16 Botryosphaeriaceae isolates was carried out based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, tef1-α, and tub2 sequence data. Four novel species (Dothiorella ovata, Do. rosacearum, Do. septata, and Lasiodiplodia delonicis) and seven previously known species (Botryosphaeria fujianensis, Diplodia mutila, Di. seriata, L. crassispora, L. mahajangana, Macrophomina euphorbiicola and Sphaeropsis eucalypticola) were identified while new hosts and geographical records were reported. This study indicates that the fungal family Botryosphaeriaceae seems to be common and widespread on a broad range of hosts in China and Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (N.W.); (A.J.D.); (H.-Z.D.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Asha J. Dissanayake
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (N.W.); (A.J.D.); (H.-Z.D.)
| | - Hong-Zhi Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (N.W.); (A.J.D.); (H.-Z.D.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jian-Kui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (N.W.); (A.J.D.); (H.-Z.D.)
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Lambert C, Schweizer L, Matio Kemkuignou B, Anoumedem EGM, Kouam SF, Marin-Felix Y. Four new endophytic species of Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) isolated from Cameroon. MycoKeys 2023; 99:319-362. [PMID: 37915461 PMCID: PMC10616871 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.99.110043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) is a large group of fungi frequently reported as phytopathogens, with ubiquitous distribution across the globe. Diaporthe have traditionally been characterized by the morphology of their ana- and teleomorphic state, revealing a high degree of heterogeneity as soon as DNA sequencing was utilized across the different members of the group. Their relevance for biotechnology and agriculture attracts the attention of taxonomists and natural product chemists alike in context of plant protection and exploitation for their potential to produce bioactive secondary metabolites. While more than 1000 species are described to date, Africa, as a natural habitat, has so far been under-sampled. Several endophytic fungi belonging to Diaporthe were isolated from different plant hosts in Cameroon over the course of this study. Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene, and partial fragments of the calmodulin, beta-tubulin, histone and the translation elongation factor 1-α genes, demonstrated that these isolates represent four new species, i.e. D.brideliae, D.cameroonensis, D.pseudoanacardii and D.rauvolfiae. Moreover, the description of D.isoberliniae is here emended, now incorporating the morphology of beta and gamma conidia produced by two of our endophytic isolates, which had never been documented in previous records. Moreover, the paraphyletic nature of the genus is discussed and suggestions are made for future revision of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lambert
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, GermanyMolecular Cell Biology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lena Schweizer
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Blondelle Matio Kemkuignou
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Elodie Gisèle M. Anoumedem
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 47, CameroonUniversity of Yaoundé IYaoundeCameroon
| | - Simeon F. Kouam
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 47, CameroonUniversity of Yaoundé IYaoundeCameroon
| | - Yasmina Marin-Felix
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
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Tian W, Su P, Chen Y, Maharachchikumbura SSN. Four New Species of Torula (Torulaceae, Pleosporales) from Sichuan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9. [PMID: 36836265 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Torula is an asexual and hyphomycetous genus in the family Torulaceae. Torula species are generally saprophytic. They have a worldwide distribution and abound in humid or freshwater habitats. In order to better understand this genus, we carried out several field collections from Sichuan, China. As a result, we obtained nine Torula isolates from dead woody substrates in terrestrial and freshwater habitats. Based on a biphasic approach of morphological examination and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB2), these collections were identified as belonging to seven Torula species. Four of them were new species (Torula chinensis, T. longiconidiophora, T. sichuanensis and T. submersa), and the other three belonged to existing species, though one was found for the first time in China (T. masonii). Morphological and updated phylogenetic delamination of the new discoveries is also discussed. This study provides further insights into our understanding of wood-based Torula species in China.
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Viner I, Spirin V, Larsson KH, Miettinen O. Systematic placement of Lagarobasidium cymosum and description of two new species. Mycologia 2023; 115:122-134. [PMID: 36480244 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2146978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lagarobasidium cymosum is a rare corticioid species with characteristic morphology different from other Lagarobasidium species. We used nuc 5.8S rDNA, nuc 28S rDNA, and mt 12S rDNA loci to infer the phylogenetic position of L. cymosum. Our analyses suggest that it belongs to Xylodon but is not closely related to any of the other taxa referred to Lagarobasidium. Molecular and morphological information shows that the traditional concept of L. cymosum covers at least three species: Xylodon acuminatus from the Neotropics, X. cymosus from North America, and X. subtilissimus distributed in both Europe and North America. Lagarobasidium calongei is transferred to Xylodon, and DNA barcodes for Lyomyces incrustatus and Xylodon hjortstamii are published for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Viner
- Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Viacheslav Spirin
- Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Karl-Henrik Larsson
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, Blindern, 0318, Norway.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 461, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden
| | - Otto Miettinen
- Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
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Akhmetova GK, Knapp DG, Özer G, O'Donnell K, Laraba I, Kiyas A, Zabolotskich V, Kovács GM, Molnár O. Multilocus molecular phylogenetic-led discovery and formal recognition of four novel root-colonizing Fusarium species from northern Kazakhstan and the phylogenetically divergent Fusarium steppicola lineage. Mycologia 2023; 115:16-31. [PMID: 36441982 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2119761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, DNA sequence data were used to characterize 290 Fusarium strains isolated during a survey of root-colonizing endophytic fungi of agricultural and nonagricultural plants in northern Kazakhstan. The Fusarium collection was screened for species identity using partial translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) gene sequences. Altogether, 16 different Fusarium species were identified, including eight known and four novel species, as well as the discovery of the phylogenetically divergent F. steppicola lineage. Isolates of the four putatively novel fusaria were further analyzed phylogenetically with a multilocus data set comprising partial sequences of TEF1, RNA polymerase II largest (RPB1) and second-largest (RPB2) subunits, and calmodulin (CaM) to assess their genealogical exclusivity. Based on the molecular phylogenetic and comprehensive morphological analyses, four new species are formally described herein: F. campestre, F. kazakhstanicum, F. rhizicola, and F. steppicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galiya K Akhmetova
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Soil and Crop Management, A.I. Barayev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming, 021601 Shortandy, Kazakhstan
| | - Dániel G Knapp
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Turkey
| | - Kerry O'Donnell
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604
| | - Imane Laraba
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Peoria, Illinois 61604
| | - Aldabergen Kiyas
- Department of Soil and Crop Management, A.I. Barayev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming, 021601 Shortandy, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Zabolotskich
- Department of Soil and Crop Management, A.I. Barayev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming, 021601 Shortandy, Kazakhstan
| | - Gábor M Kovács
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Molnár
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
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Guterres DC, Dos Santos MDDM, Furlanetto C, Pinho DB, Barreto RW, Dianese JC. Filling a gap in the taxonomy of phyllachoroid fungi: Proposition of Neopolystigma, gen. nov., and the new family Neopolystigmataceae. Mycologia 2022; 114:900-913. [PMID: 35929963 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2092365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A Polystigma-like found on an herbaceous to shrubby species of Fabaceae (Andira humilis) in the Brazilian Cerrado was morphologically close to Polystigma pusillum, a leaf parasite on Andira inermis collected in Central America and Brazil. Phylogenetic analyses using a combination of the rDNA 28S, 18S, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions placed both fungi in the Phyllachorales, and not in Polystigamataceae/Xylariales, where Polystigma species belong, and characteristically found on members of the Rosaceae, causing red leaf blotch containing bright-colored fungal stromata spread on the lesions. This disease prevails in orchards in the Northern Hemisphere, infecting Amygdalus, Cerasus, Padus, and Prunus species, but never in the Tropics. Polystigma species infecting other botanical families have been reallocated in different families, orders, and even classes in Ascomycota. In our phylogenetic analyses, the two species on Andira were allocated in Phyllachorales but separated in a well-supported cluster from Phyllachoraceae and Phaeochoraceae. In relation to Telimenaceae, the statistical support is not strong; however, considering that its type genus, Telimena, was never sequenced, we choose to accept Neopolystigma (type N. saraivae) as the type genus of a new family, Neopolystigmataceae. The sister species of N. saraivae, Polystigma pusillum found on A. inermis, was recombined into N. pusillum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora C Guterres
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36576-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cléber Furlanetto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Danilo B Pinho
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Robert W Barreto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36576-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José C Dianese
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
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Abstract
The Roseinae clade is a lineage of the genus Russula primarily composed of species of Russula subsect. Roseinae. Species in this morphologically distinct clade possess a white to pale cream spore print, mild taste, positive reaction to sulfovanillin, and primordial hyphae with acid-resistant crystals in the pileipellis. Here, we present a morphological and phylogenetic assessment that distinguishes seven eastern North American species of the core Roseinae lineage and a new subsection, Russula subsection Albidinae, to accommodate members of the Albida clade. We assign the previously described species R. peckii, R. rubellipes, and R. pseudopeckii to three species-level clades, and three other species, R. cardinalis, R. cordata, and R. rheubarbarina, are described as new. Comparative morphological analyses reveal differences in the conformation of terminal elements in the pileipellis, spore size, hymenial cystidia contents, and pigmentation on the stipe surface as key features to recognize species in the group. Based on the analysis of publicly available data, we recognize a potential total of nine temperate North American species within R. subsect. Roseinae, in addition to four from Central America, two from Europe, and 14 from Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Looney
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610
| | - Cathrin Manz
- Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P Brandon Matheny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Slavomír Adamčík
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Mycology, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 84523 Slovakia
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10
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Kaishian P, Weir A. New species of Laboulbenia (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) on Heteroptera (Hemiptera, Insecta) from South America. Mycologia 2021; 113:988-994. [PMID: 34348087 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.1926170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Four new species of Laboulbenia are described, adding substantially to the known species recorded from Heteroptera hosts. Previously, only 12 species of Laboulbenia and only 96 of the approximate 2325 known species of Laboulbeniales have been recorded on the Heteroptera. The addition of these four new species of Laboulbenia, occurring on two genera within Veliidae, brings the total number to 100 species. These species are recorded on the genera Paravelia and Oiovelia collected from Brazil, Suriname, and Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kaishian
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 241 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210.,Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Alex Weir
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 241 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210
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11
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Alvarado P, Cabero J, Moreno-Mateos D, Vizzini A, Alonso J, Lebeuf R, Siquier JL, Vidal JM. Phylogenetic relationships among false truffle genera of Paxillaceae- Alpova, Melanogaster, Neoalpova, and Paralpova, gen. nov. Mycologia 2021; 113:828-841. [PMID: 34110972 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.1911552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A phylogenetic analysis of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), nuc rDNA 28S domains D1-D2 (28S), and the region between conserved domains 6 and 7 of RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) from multiple species of Alpova and Melanogaster revealed four major clades, proposed here as distinct genera: Melanogaster, Alpova s. str. containing the type species A. cinnamomeus, Neoalpova for the species around N. rubescens, and the new genus Paralpova, proposed here for P. artikutzensis, sp. nov. Alpova, Neoalpova, and Paralpova form a monophyletic lineage of hypogeous fungi with a pseudoparenchymatic structure in their peridium (at least in the inner layer) that could be interpreted as a single genus, but they are separated due to distinct morphological and ecological traits. Alpova s. str. is employed for species strictly associated with Alnus, lacking a conspicuous odor, and producing relatively small basidiomata and basidiospores <10 µm long. Neoalpova and Paralpova occur under other hosts, present a conspicuous odor, have larger basidiomata and basidiospores than Alpova, and have a prosenchymatic peridiopellis. Finally, Paralpova is characterized by the yellowish gleba, monosporic or bisporic basidia, and basidiospores >15 µm long with a mean length/width ratio (Qm) of <2.0. In addition, two new species of Neoalpova are proposed: N. arenicola, associated with Mediterranean forests in sandy soils and with spores slightly smaller and wider than those of N. rubescens, and N. montecchii, a cryptic species very similar to N. rubescens but for its putatively smaller peridiopellis elements and its genetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Alvarado
- Alvalab, Calle Dr. Fernando Bongera, Severo Ochoa S1.04, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - J Cabero
- Calle Barrio del Carmen 13, E-49800 Toro, Zamora, Spain
| | - D Moreno-Mateos
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Harvard University, 48 Quincy Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.,Department of Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 28 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.,Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Parque Científico Universidad del País Vasco, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - A Vizzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - J Alonso
- Department of Crop Production and Engineering Projects, Higher Polytechnic Engineering School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Benigno Ledo, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | | | - J L Siquier
- Carrer Major 19, 07300 Inca, Illes Balears, Spain
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12
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Konta S, Hyde KD, Karunarathna SC, Mapook A, Senwanna C, Dauner LAP, Nanayakkara CM, Xu J, Tibpromma S, Lumyong S. Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Haplohelminthosporium gen. nov. and Helminthosporiella gen. nov. Associated with Palms in Thailand and A Checklist for Helminthosporium Reported Worldwide. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050454. [PMID: 34069619 PMCID: PMC8161214 DOI: 10.3390/life11050454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palms (Arecaceae) are substrates for a highly diverse range of fungi. Many species are known as saprobes and many are important plant pathogens. Over the course of our studies of micro-fungi from palms in Thailand, two new taxa were discovered. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, and tef1-α sequence data revealed their taxonomic positions within Massarinaceae. There are currently ten genera identified and accepted in Massarinaceae, with the addition of the two new genera of Haplohelminthosporium and Helminthosporiella, that are introduced in this paper. Each new genus is provided with a full description and notes, and each new taxon is provided with an illustration for the holotype. A list of identified and accepted species of Helminthosporium with morphology, host information, locality, sequence data, and related references of Helminthosporium reported worldwide is provided based on records in Species Fungorum 2021. This work provides a micro-fungi database of Haplohelminthosporium, Helminthosporiella, and Helminthosporium which can be modified and validated as new data come to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinapa Konta
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
| | - Ausana Mapook
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Chanokned Senwanna
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Lucas A. P. Dauner
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
| | | | - Jianchu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (S.K.); (K.D.H.); (S.C.K.); (L.A.P.D.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (S.L.)
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (S.L.)
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13
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Palacio M, Drechsler Dos Santos ER, Menolli N, da Silveira RMB. An overview of Favolus from the Neotropics, including four new species. Mycologia 2021; 113:759-775. [PMID: 33945432 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.1878797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Favolus is a monophyletic genus of polypores that causes white rot of various woody plants. The genus has a worldwide distribution and is ecologically and economically important. Several taxa have been described or reported from the Neotropics, and F. brasiliensis, described originally from Brazil, is the type species for the genus. Based on molecular investigations, F. brasiliensis is now known to represent a species complex. The species is morphologically and phylogenetically circumscribed and epitypified here, and F. rugulosus is proposed as a new related species. Favolus grammocephalus and Polyporus philippinensis, initially described from Asia, have also recently been recorded from the Neotropics, so these taxa were included in this investigation employing morphological and multigene (mitochondrial, ribosomal, and protein-coding regions) phylogenetic analyses. These latter two species do not occur in the Neotropics, but the misapplied names actually represent three new species: F. pseudogrammocephalus, F. radiatifibrillosus, and F. yanomami. Nine species of Favolus are documented now for the Neotropics. Detailed descriptions of F. brasiliensis and all new taxa are provided, along with comments, illustrations, a map of potential distribution, and a key for neotropical species of Favolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Palacio
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43.433, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Nelson Menolli
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), Câmpus São Paulo (SPO), Departamento de Ciências da Natureza e Matemática (DCM), Subárea de Biologia (SAB), Rua Pedro Vicente 625, 01109-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 3005, 01031-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43.433, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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14
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Feng Y, Liu JKJ, Lin CG, Chen YY, Xiang MM, Liu ZY. Additions to the Genus Arthrinium (Apiosporaceae) From Bamboos in China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:661281. [PMID: 33936017 PMCID: PMC8086194 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.661281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrinium has a widespread distribution occurring in various substrates (e.g., air, soil debris, plants, lichens, marine algae and even human tissues). It is characterized by the basauxic conidiogenesis in the asexual morph, with apiospores in the sexual morph. In this study, seventeen isolates of Arthrinium were collected in China. Based on their morphology and phylogenetic characterization, four new species (A. biseriale, A. cyclobalanopsidis, A. gelatinosum, and A. septatum) are described and seven known species (A. arundinis, A. garethjonesii, A. guizhouense, A. hydei, A. neosubglobosa, A. phyllostachium and A. psedoparenchymaticum) are identified, of which the sexual morph of three species (A. guizhouense, A. phyllostachium and A. psedoparenchymaticum) and asexual morph of A. garethjonesii are reported for the first time. The detailed descriptions, illustrations and comparisons with related taxa of these new collections are provided. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, TUB2, and TEF sequence data support their placements in the genus Arthrinium and justify the new species establishments and identifications of known species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Feng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian-Kui Jack Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan-Gen Lin
- Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Ya-Ya Chen
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Mei-Mei Xiang
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Yi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
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15
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Abstract
Sequestrate fungi have enclosed hypogeous, subhypogeous, or epigeous basidiomes and have lost the ability to actively discharge their spores. They can be distinguished as gasteroid (basidiome fully enclosed with a loculated hymenophore) or secotioid (basidiome with some agaricoid or pileate-stipitate features, but the lamellae are misshapen and unexposed or mostly unexposed at maturity). There are only four reports of sequestrate taxa within the ectomycorrhizal family Inocybaceae, three from Australia and one from western North America. Recent field work in Nothofagaceae forests in the Chilean coastal range revealed novel sequestrate forms of Inocybe. We examined specimens using a combination of morphological and molecular data from nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and portions of nuc 28S rDNA (28S) and the gene encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2). Here, we describe four new sequestrate Inocybe species, I. ranunculiformis, I. anfractuosa, I. illariae, and I. nahuelbutensis. Results of our phylogenetic analysis resolved the four new species as distinct species-level clades with strong support, suggesting that these fungi have convergently evolved sequestrate forms independently. The species described here were all placed along with members of the "smooth-spored temperate austral clade," which includes almost exclusively Australasian and South American species of Inocybe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos V Caiafa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | | | - P Brandon Matheny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | | | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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16
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Gómez-Zapata PA, Haelewaters D, Quijada L, Pfister DH, Aime MC. Notes on Trochila (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes), with new species and combinations. MycoKeys 2021; 78:21-47. [PMID: 36761369 PMCID: PMC9849072 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.78.62046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of Trochila (Leotiomycetes, Helotiales, Cenangiaceae) are scarce. Here, we describe two new species based on molecular phylogenetic data and morphology. Trochilabostonensis was collected at the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area, Massachusetts. It was found on the stem of Asclepiassyriaca, representing the first report of any Trochila species from a plant host in the family Apocynaceae. Trochilaurediniophila is associated with the uredinia of the rust fungus Ceroteliumfici. It was discovered during a survey for rust hyperparasites conducted at the Arthur Fungarium, in a single sample from 1912 collected in Trinidad. Macro- and micromorphological descriptions, illustrations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses are presented. The two new species are placed in Trochila with high support in both our six-locus (SSU, ITS, LSU, rpb1, rpb2, tef1) and two-locus (ITS, LSU) phylogenetic reconstructions. In addition, two species are combined in Trochila: Trochilacolensoi (formerly placed in Pseudopeziza) and T.xishuangbanna (originally described as the only species in Calycellinopsis). This study reveals new host plant families, a new ecological strategy, and a new country record for the genus Trochila. Finally, our work emphasizes the importance of specimens deposited in biological collections such as fungaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Gómez-Zapata
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USAPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteUnited States of America
| | - Danny Haelewaters
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USAPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteUnited States of America
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States of America
- Farlow Herbarium and Reference Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAHarvard University HerbariaCambridgeUnited States of America
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech RepublicUniversity of South BohemiaČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Luis Quijada
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States of America
- Farlow Herbarium and Reference Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAHarvard University HerbariaCambridgeUnited States of America
| | - Donald H. Pfister
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States of America
- Farlow Herbarium and Reference Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAHarvard University HerbariaCambridgeUnited States of America
| | - M. Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USAPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteUnited States of America
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17
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Abstract
Agaricus subgenus Spissicaules is widely distributed in the world. In this study, 114 specimens were included in multigene phylogenetic analyses that allowed a better circumscription of the four sections in A. subg. Spissicaules. Three new species from China, A. brunneovariabilis, A. beijingensis, and A. planiceps, are described and placed in different sections. The invalidly described A. catenariocystidiosus is validated here as an additional new species. Comparisons between the sequences of the three closely related species A. thiersii, A. parasubrutilescens, and A. linzhiensis support the distinction between these three species despite the paraphyly of A. linzhiensis, which results from its high intraspecific variability with numerous heteromorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lin Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 100408, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Liang Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, People's Republic of China
| | - Luis A Parra
- Avda. Miranda do Douro 7, 5ºG, 09400 Aranda de Duero, Spain
| | - André De Kesel
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Philippe Callac
- Mycologie et sécurité des aliments, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, CS 20032, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Bin Cao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 100408, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Qiang He
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 100408, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 100408, People's Republic of China
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18
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Abstract
Four new Talaromyces species without any close relatives are reported here, namely, T. aureolinus (ex-type AS3.15865 T), T. bannicus (ex-type AS3.15862 T), T. penicillioides (ex-type AS3.15822 T), and T. sparsus (ex-type AS3.16003 T). Morphologically, T. aureolinus is unique in producing orange-yellow mycelium and gymnothecia, singly borne asci, and ellipsoidal, spiny ascospores. Talaromyces bannicus is characterized by the slow growth rate, polymorphic conidiophores, inconsistent stipe lengths, and pyriform to ellipsoidal, echinulate conidia. Talaromyces penicillioides is distinguished by good growth and sporulation on malt extract agar (MEA) and yeast extract sucrose agar (YES) media, resembling the colony appearances of certain Penicillium species, and appressed biverticillate and occasionally monoverticillate penicilli bearing globose to ellipsoidal, echinulate conidia. Talaromyces sparsus has wide, submerged colony margins with sparse aerial mycelium, and conidial areas overlaid with yellow-green, sterile hyphae on MEA medium. These four new species are well supported by individual phylogenetic trees based on β-tubulin (BENA), calmodulin (CALM), DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) gene sequences and the tree of the concatenated BENA-CALM-RPB2 sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhu Wei
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiuli Xu
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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19
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Karunarathna SC, Dong Y, Karasaki S, Tibpromma S, Hyde KD, Lumyong S, Xu J, Sheng J, Mortimer PE. Discovery of novel fungal species and pathogens on bat carcasses in a cave in Yunnan Province, China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 9:1554-1566. [PMID: 32573334 PMCID: PMC7473127 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1785333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Virulent infectious fungal diseases, in natural and managed landscapes, are increasing. Fungal diseases in humans, animals and plants have caused die-off and extinction events and have become a threat to food security. A caving expedition in Yunnan Province, China, revealed two bat carcasses covered in fungal mycelia. Eleven fungal isolates were obtained from these bat carcasses, and morphological observations and multigene phylogenetic analyses revealed they were Fusarium incarnatum, Mucor hiemalis and Trichoderma harzianum and four new species, Mortierella rhinolophicola, M. multispora, M. yunnanensis and Neocosmospora pallidimors. One of the more alarming findings is that a number of infections related to Neocosmospora, previously associated with human and animal mycotoxicoses, are reported to be increasing, and here we present a new species from this genus, isolated from dead bats. Due to the ecosystem services provided by bats, and the close relationship between bats and humans, future research should focus on the impacts and significance of N. pallidimors to human and animal health, examining its pathogenicity and secondary metabolites. Taxonomic descriptions, color images of the habitat, in situ samples, microstructures and cultures are presented. SEM photographs of microstructures and phylogenetic trees showing the placement of new and known species are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Chandranath Karunarathna
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Research Institute for Local Plateau Agriculture and Industry, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Seigi Karasaki
- Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kevin David Hyde
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chinag Rai, Thailand
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jianchu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Research Institute for Local Plateau Agriculture and Industry, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Edward Mortimer
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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20
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Abstract
Erysiphe species (powdery mildews) on Corylus and Ostrya hosts (Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae) in Asia and North America are widespread pathogens on these economically and ecologically valuable nut crops. An improved understanding of their phylogeny and taxonomy is of ecological and applied importance. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological reexaminations conducted in this study revealed a higher degree of diversity and cryptic speciation than reflected in earlier species concepts. North American collections on C. cornuta, which were previously assigned to E. corylacearum, proved to constitute a species of its own and are herein introduced as E. cornutae, sp. nov. Two additional North American species, E. coryli-americanae, sp. nov. and E. ostryae, sp. nov., have been detected on C. americana and O. virginiana and are described. They are morphologically similar to E. cornutae, but genetically distinct. Based on phylogenetic analyses, E. corylacearum is an Asian species confined to various Asian Corylus species. Sequence data retrieved from Japanese type material of E. corylicola revealed that this species clusters with sequences from E. elevata on Catalpa species, distant from all other Erysiphe species on Corylus. Morphologically similar, yet distinct, specimens on C. sieboldiana, which were previously assigned to E. corylicola, form a distinct, distant clade. The species involved is described herein as E. pseudocorylacearum, sp. nov. Additionally, an unusual infection of C. sieboldiana in Japan by E. syringae has been shown by means of sequence data. The phylogeny and taxonomy of Erysiphe species belonging to the Corylioideae are discussed in detail, and a key to the species concerned is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bradshaw
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Uwe Braun
- Herbarium, Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität, Neuwerk 21, Halle (Saale) 06099, Germany
| | - Jamjan Meeboon
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsu, Mie 514-2392, Japan
| | - Patrick Tobin
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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21
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Walsh E, Luo J, Khiste S, Scalera A, Sajjad S, Zhang N. Pygmaeomycetaceae, a new root-associated family in Mucoromycotina from the pygmy pine plains. Mycologia 2020; 113:134-145. [PMID: 33085937 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1803649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A new genus, Pygmaeomyces, and two new species are described based on phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic and ecological characters. The species delimitation was based on concordance of gene genealogies. The Pygmaeomyces cultures were isolated from the roots of mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) and pitch pine (Pinus rigida) from the acidic and oligotrophic New Jersey pygmy pine plains; however, they likely have a broader distribution because their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences have high similarity to a number of environmental sequences from multiple independent studies. Based on the phylogeny and phenotypic characters, a new family, Pygmaeomycetaceae, is proposed to accommodate this new lineage in Mucoromycotina. Pygmaeomycetaceae corresponds to Clade GS23, which was identified based on a sequence-only soil fungal survey and was believed to be a distinct new class. Compared with the culture-based methods, we observed that sequence-only analyses tend to overestimate the taxonomic level. Results from this work will facilitate ecological and evolutionary studies on root-associated fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Walsh
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Swapneel Khiste
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Adam Scalera
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Sana Sajjad
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, 201 Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, 76 Lipman Drive, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
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22
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Abstract
Gymnosporangium is a group of plant fungal pathogens that cause rust diseases on many economically important fruit trees. Most Gymnosporangium are heteroecious and demicyclic, producing four morphologically diverse spore stages on two taxonomically unrelated host plants, the Cupressaceae and Rosaceae. The complex life cycle and heteroecism make it difficult to investigate the species within Gymnosporangium. To determine the taxonomy, phylogeny, and species diversity of Gymnosporangium in China, a large collection of 672 specimens were analyzed using a combination of morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses. In total, 27 Gymnosporangium species from China are documented here, including 22 known species, one new combination, one new record, and three new species. The study also documents a novel aeciospore surface structure with an irregular surface that is described here as "surfy."
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Tao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
| | - Makoto Kakishima
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China.,Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ying-Mei Liang
- Museum of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China
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23
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Liu M, Overy DP, Cayouette J, Shoukouhi P, Hicks C, Bisson K, Sproule A, Wyka SA, Broders K, Popovic Z, Menzies JG. Four phylogenetic species of ergot from Canada and their characteristics in morphology, alkaloid production, and pathogenicity. Mycologia 2020; 112:974-988. [PMID: 32936061 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1797372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Four ergot species (Claviceps ripicola, C. quebecensis, C. perihumidiphila, and C. occidentalis) were recognized based on analyses of DNA sequences from multiple loci, including two housekeeping genes, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α), and a single-copy ergot alkaloid synthesis gene (easE) encoding chanoclavine I synthase oxidoreductase. Morphological features, ergot alkaloid production, and pathogenicity on five common cereal crops of each species were evaluated and presented in taxonomic descriptions. A synoptic key was also provided for identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - David P Overy
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Jacques Cayouette
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Parivash Shoukouhi
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Carmen Hicks
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Kassandra Bisson
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Amanda Sproule
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Stephen A Wyka
- Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Kirk Broders
- Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Zlatko Popovic
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 101 Route 100, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada
| | - Jim G Menzies
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 101 Route 100, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada
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24
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Tchoumi JMT, Coetzee MPA, Rajchenberg M, Roux J. Poroid Hymenochaetaceae associated with trees showing wood-rot symptoms in the Garden Route National Park of South Africa. Mycologia 2020; 112:722-741. [PMID: 32574523 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1753160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Poroid Hymenochaetaceae associated with wood rots of trees in three timber-harvesting compartments of the Garden Route National Park (GRNP), South Africa, were investigated using multilocus phylogenetic analyses and morphology of the basidiomes. Results revealed the presence of 10 species belonging to five genera. Six of the species are known, but four are described as new. The known species include Fomitiporia capensis, Fuscoporia gilva, Sanghuangporus microcystideus, Tropicoporus tropicalis, Inonotus rickii, and Inonotus setuloso-croceus. The new species are described as Fomitiporia tsitsikamensis, Fulvifomes elaeodendri, Fuscoporia pulviniformis, and Phellinus guttiformis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Michel Tchotet Tchoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria , Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Martin Petrus Albertus Coetzee
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria , Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Mario Rajchenberg
- Protección Forestal, Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico , 9200 Esquel, Argentina.,National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jolanda Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria , Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
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25
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Voitk A, Saar I, Lodge DJ, Boertmann D, Berch SM, Larsson E. New species and reports of Cuphophyllus from northern North America compared with related Eurasian species. Mycologia 2020; 112:438-452. [PMID: 32074023 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1703476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study describes four gray or brown species of Cuphophyllus (Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales), two of them new species, restricted to arctic-alpine and northern boreal zones of North America, and relates them morphologically and phylogenetically using multigene and nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS (ITS barcode) analyses to their similar, known counterparts. Cuphophyllus cinerellus, epitypified here, is shown to be a pan-palearctic species with sequence-confirmed collections from Fennoscandia and easternmost Asia. Occupying a similar habitat in the Nearctic is its sister species, the morphologically similar but novel C. esteriae, so far known only from eastern North America, including Greenland. Sister to the C. cinerellus-C. esteriae lineage, and known only from boreal raised Sphagnum bogs in Newfoundland, is a new medium-sized light cinereous brown species, C. lamarum. It has a yellow stipe but is phylogenetically distant from the yellow-stiped European C. flavipes and its North American sister species, Hygrophorus pseudopallidus. As cryptic speciation was discovered within C. flavipes, we lecto- and epitypify the name and transfer H. pseudopallidus to Cuphophyllus based on ITS analysis of the holotype. We also transfer the small European Hygrocybe comosa to Cuphophyllus based on morphology. Cuphophyllus hygrocyboides is reported from North America with the first sequence-confirmed collections from arctic-alpine British Columbia and Greenland. In addition, sequencing the holotype of C. subviolaceus identifies it as the sister species to the putative C. lacmus. Both species seem to have an intercontinental distribution. In total, we add new sequences to GenBank from 37 Cuphophyllus collections, including the holotypes of C. hygrocyboides and C. subviolaceus, the two new epitypes, and the two novel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrus Voitk
- Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, 13 Maple Street, Humber Village, NL A2H 2N2, Canada
| | - Irja Saar
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila Street 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - D Jean Lodge
- Department of Plant Pathology, 2105 Miller Plant Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30606
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Shannon M Berch
- British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Victoria, BC V8W 9M1, Canada
| | - Ellen Larsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 461, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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26
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Hilário S, Amaral IA, Gonçalves MFM, Lopes A, Santos L, Alves A. Diaporthe species associated with twig blight and dieback of Vaccinium corymbosum in Portugal, with description of four new species. Mycologia 2020; 112:293-308. [PMID: 32074022 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1698926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry, an increasingly cultivated fruit crop in Portugal, is known to be susceptible to twig blight and dieback caused by species of Diaporthe. The diversity of Diaporthe species associated with symptomatic and asymptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum plants in Portugal was assessed. A multilocus sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), β-tubulin (tub2), calmodulin (cal), and histone 3 (his3) genes revealed the presence of Diaporthe foeniculina, Diaporthe rudis, and four new species, which are described as Diaporthe crousii, Diaporthe phillipsii, Diaporthe rossmaniae, and Diaporthe vacuae. These new species were characterized in terms of their morphology, mating strategies, and temperature growth requirements. In artificial inoculation trials of V. corymbosum cv. Bluecrop plants, all Diaporthe species caused minor symptoms. Further, no differences in aggressiveness were apparent between species. This study provides the first survey of Diaporthe species associated with blueberry twig blight and dieback in Portugal. It disclosed the occurrence of a diverse assemblage of Diaporthe species, whose status and impact as pathogens of blueberry is not yet fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hilário
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês A Amaral
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Micael F M Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anabela Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Liliana Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Abstract
Inocybe (Inocybaceae) is one of the most diverse ectomycorrhizal genera in arctic and alpine habitats where the primary hosts are Salix, Betula, and Dryas. Subgenus Inocybe is common in these habitats and typically characterized by the presence of thick-walled pleurocystidia. Here, we focus on species that have angular or nodulose spores. Historically, over 30 taxa from this group have been reported from arctic and alpine habitats. Many names have been synonymized, whereas molecular analysis has revealed new species. Nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) sequence data of 26 type specimens in this group now allow for further taxonomic clarification and comparison across continents of disjunct populations. Here, we compare ITS sequence data and the D1-D2 portion of nuc 28S rDNA (28S) from Rocky Mountain specimens with those of types and European reference material. We report 10 species from the Rocky Mountain alpine zone, all of which are conspecific with known European boreal, montane, or alpine species, and four are described as new; all have intercontinental distributions. Nodulose-spored Inocybe taxa that occur in the Rocky Mountain alpine zone include I. alpinomarginata, sp. nov., I. arctica, I. giacomi, I. leonina, I. murina, sp. nov., I. occulta, I. paragiacomi, sp. nov., I. phaeocystidiosa, I. purpureobadia, and I. subgiacomi, sp. nov. Remarkably, these species occur at elevations up to 4000 m and at latitudes as low as 36°N, hundreds of miles from the Arctic, the European alpine, and original type localities. Distributions are explained in part by host distributions and historical glaciation patterns. A key and full descriptions for Rocky mountain species are provided to promote species recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy L Cripps
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, 119 Plant Biosciences Building, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Ellen Larsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jukka Vauras
- Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Herbarium, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
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28
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Abstract
Species of Septoria are commonly associated with leaf spot diseases of a broad range of plant hosts worldwide. During our investigation of fungi associated with leaf spot diseases in northern and northwestern Iran, several Septoria isolates were recovered from symptomatic leaves on different herbaceous and woody plants in the Asteraceae, Betulaceae, and Salicaceae families. These isolates were studied by applying a polyphasic approach including morphological and cultural data and a multigene phylogeny using a combined data set of partial sequences of the 28S nuc rRNA gene (large subunit [28S]), internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nuc rRNA gene (ITS) of the nuc rDNA operon, actin (actA), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1), calmodulin (cmdA), β-tubulin (tub2), and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2). Four novel species are proposed, namely, Septoria eclipticola on Eclipta prostrata, Septoria firouraghina on Cirsium arvense, Septoria guilanensis on Populus deltoides, and Septoria taleshana on Alnus subcordata. All species are illustrated, and their morphology and phylogenetic relationships with other Septoria species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounes Bakhshi
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Arzanlou
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166614766, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasoul Zare
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Johannes Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.,Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Droevendaalsesteeg, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Leontyev DV, Schnittler M, Stephenson SL, Novozhilov YK. Systematic revision of the Tubifera casparyi-T. dictyoderma complex: Resurrection of the genus Siphoptychium and introduction of the new genus Thecotubifera. Mycologia 2019; 111:981-997. [PMID: 31613722 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1660842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The genus Siphoptychium is resurrected on the basis of comparative morphology and phylogeny of partial nuc 18S rDNA (18S) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1A) nucleotide sequences. The genus is characterized by the firm upper surface of the pseudoaethalium, accreted but easily separable sporothecae, a tubular or fibrous columella, and spores with a reticulate ornamentation consisting of 7-9 meshes across the diameter. In addition to the currently known single species S. casparyi (= Tubifera casparyi), two new members of Siphoptychium are described: S. violaceum from coniferous forests of Europe, east Asia, and southeast Asia, and S. reticulatum from temperate and subarctic regions of North America and alpine regions of Europe. A second genus, Thecotubifera, is described to accommodate Tubifera dictyoderma. The fruiting body of this species is transitional between a pseudoaethalium and a true aethalium. It is covered by a contiguous membranous cortex formed by the fused tips of the sporothecae, a feature typical for aethalia. However, the inner portions of sporothecae remain discernible, a feature more typical for pseudoaethalia. Columellae of Th. dictyoderma are formed by perforated plates, and the spores have a reticulate ornamentation consisting of 2-5 meshes across the diameter. For Th. dictyoderma, we could confirm records only for tropical regions and Japan, whereas all studied European specimens, including those mentioned in current monographs, represent species of Siphoptychium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Leontyev
- Department of Botany, H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Valentynivs'ka 2, Kharkiv 61168, Ukraine
| | - Martin Schnittler
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Soldmannstr. 15, Greifswald, Germany D-17487
| | - Steven L Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - Yuri K Novozhilov
- V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov St. 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
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30
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Flakus A, Etayo J, Pérez-Ortega S, Kukwa M, Palice Z, Rodriguez-Flakus P. A new genus, Zhurbenkoa, and a novel nutritional mode revealed in the family Malmideaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota). Mycologia 2019; 111:593-611. [PMID: 31136256 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1603500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lichen-inhabiting fungi are highly specialized mycoparasites, commensals or rarely saprotrophs, that are common components of almost every ecosystem, where they develop obligate associations with lichens. Their relevance, however, contrasts with the relatively small number of these fungi described so far. Recent estimates and ongoing studies indicate that a significant fraction of their diversity remains undiscovered and may be expected in tropical regions, in particular in hyperdiverse fog-exposed montane forests. Here, we introduce the new genus Zhurbenkoa, from South America and Europe, for three lichenicolous fungi growing on thalli of the widespread lichen genus Cladonia (Lecanorales). Phylogenetic analyses based on combined sequence data of mt and nuc rDNA obtained from Andean populations (Bolivia) placed Zhurbenkoa as a member of Malmideaceae, a recently introduced family of lichen-forming fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. Zhurbenkoa is closely related to the genera Savoronala and Sprucidea. The new genus is characterized by the development of grayish brown to almost black apothecia lacking an evident margin, an epihymenium interspersed with crystals (often seen as pruina), a strongly conglutinated hymenium made of noncapitate and sparsely branched paraphyses, a colorless exciple composed of radially arranged hyphae, a Lecanora/Micarea-like ascus type, and aseptate or 1-septate ellipsoidal colorless ascospores. Zhurbenkoa includes two Neotropical (Z. cladoniarum, Z. latispora) and one widespread (Z. epicladonia) species. The lichenicolous trophic mode is documented for the first time in the Malmideaceae, which until now included only lichen-forming associations between fungi and green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Flakus
- a Department of Lichenology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences , Lubicz 46 , PL-31-512 Krakow , Poland
| | - Javier Etayo
- b Navarro Villoslada 16 , 3° dcha ., E-31003 Pamplona , Navarra , Spain
| | | | - Martin Kukwa
- d Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk , Wita Stwosza 59 , PL-80-308 Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Zdeněk Palice
- e Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences , CZ-25243 Průhonice , Czech Republic
| | - Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus
- f Laboratory of Molecular Analyses, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences , Lubicz 46 , PL-31512 Krakow , Poland
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31
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Pastor N, Chiapella J, Kuhar F, Mujic AB, Crespo EM, Nouhra ER. Unveiling new sequestrate Cortinarius species from northern Patagonian Nothofagaceae forests based on molecular and morphological data. Mycologia 2019; 111:103-117. [PMID: 30676893 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1537350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of systematic sampling campaigns in the northern Patagonian Nothofagaceae forests of Argentina, several specimens of sequestrate fungi were collected. Some of those collections showed phylogenetic affinities and morphological similarities to members of the formerly recognized sequestrate genus Thaxterogaster, currently a synonym of Cortinarius on the basis of molecular data. Comparisons of macro- and micromorphological features and sequences of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions have revealed that these collections belong to formerly undescribed species. The sequences of the four new taxa presented here, Cortinarius flavopurpureus, C. translucidus, C. nahuelhuapensis, and C. infrequens, were combined into a data set including additional sequences generated from herbarium collections and retrieved from public gene databases and analyzed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The four new species were resolved as distinct clades with strong support; at the same time, they showed unique morphological characteristics (hypogeous to subhypogeous habit, complete gasteromycetation, and spore shape and ornamentation) that separate them from previously described Cortinarius species. In addition, several undescribed and/or not previously sequenced species from these forests were detected through phylogenetic analysis of ectomycorrhizal root tip sequences. A key of characters to identify the sequestrate Cortinarius from Patagonia is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Pastor
- a Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , CC495, 5000 , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Jorge Chiapella
- a Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , CC495, 5000 , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Francisco Kuhar
- a Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , CC495, 5000 , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Alija Bajro Mujic
- b Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611
| | - Esteban M Crespo
- c Cátedra de Diversidad Vegetal I, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis , CP5700 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Eduardo R Nouhra
- a Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , CC495, 5000 , Córdoba , Argentina
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32
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Marin-Felix Y, Guarro J, Ano-Lira JF, García D, Iller AN, Stchigel AM. Melanospora (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) and its relatives. MycoKeys 2018:81-122. [PMID: 30598621 PMCID: PMC6306512 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.44.29742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The order Melanosporales comprises a large group of ascomycetes, most of them mycoparasites, characterized by the production of usually ostiolate, translucent ascomata, unitunicate asci, and unicellular, pigmented ascospores with germ pores or germ slits. The most studied taxa are Melanospora and Sphaerodes, but the boundaries with other morphologically closely related genera are not well resolved. In this study, the taxonomy of Melanospora and related taxa have been re-evaluated based on the analysis of nuclear rDNA, actin and elongation factor genes sequences of fresh isolates and numerous type and reference strains. The genus Melanospora has been restricted to species with ostiolate ascoma whose neck is composed of intermixed hyphae, and with a phialidic asexual morph. Microthecium has been re-established for species of Melanospora and Sphaerodes without a typical ascomatal neck or, if present, being short and composed of angular cells similar to those of the ascomatal wall, and usually producing bulbils. Three new genera have been proposed: Dactylidispora, possessing ascospores with a raised rim surrounding both terminal germ pores; Echinusitheca, with densely setose, dark ascomata; and Pseudomicrothecium, characterized by ascospores with indistinct germ pores. Dichotomous keys to identify the accepted genera of the Melanosporales, and keys to discriminate among the species of Melanospora and Microthecium, as well as a brief description of the accepted species of both genera, are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Marin-Felix
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain.,Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 CT Utrecht, Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Josep Guarro
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - José F Ano-Lira
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Dania García
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
| | - Andrew N Iller
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, Illinois, USA 61820 University of Illinois Champaign United States of America
| | - Alberto M Stchigel
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Spain
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33
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Abstract
Four new species of Prolixandromyces (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) found on Veliidae (Heteroptera) from Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela are described and illustrated. These four species, Prolixandromyces anseris, P. tritici, P. blackwelliae, and P. bromelicola, represent the first records of this genus from South America, and their discovery requires emendation of the original generic circumscription. The newly described fungi are compared with known species, and a new key to identification is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kaishian
- a Department of Environmental and Forest Biology , College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York , 241 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse , New York 13210
| | - Alex Weir
- a Department of Environmental and Forest Biology , College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York , 241 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse , New York 13210
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White MM, Guàrdia Valle L, Lichtwardt RW, Siri A, Strongman DB, William RT, Gause WJ, Tretter ED. New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist. Mycologia 2018; 110:147-178. [PMID: 29863986 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1448198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We consolidate and present data for the sexual stages of five North American species of Orphella, fungal members of trichomycetes previously classified within Harpellales. Three species emendations accommodate the newly recognized characters, including not only the coiled zygospores and accompanying cells but also other morphological traits not provided in the original descriptions for O. avalonensis, O. haysii, and O. hiemalis. We describe three new species, Orphella cataloochensis from both the Smoky Mountains in USA and two provinces in Canada as well as O. pseudoavalonensis and O. pseudohiemalis, both from the Cascade Range, in Oregon, USA. Key morphological features for all known species are summarized and reviewed, with illustrations of some of the North American taxa to update and supplement the literature. The entire suite of morphological characters is discussed, with emphasis on species relationships and hypotheses on possible vicariant origins. We also present a molecular phylogeny based on nuc rDNA 18S and 28S, which supports Orphella as a lineage distinct from Harpellales, and we establish a new order, Orphellales, for it. With the combination of sexual features, now known for 12 of the 14 species of Orphella, and new molecular data, the group is now better characterized, facilitating and hopefully also promoting future studies toward a better understanding of their relationships, origins, and evolutionary history as stonefly gut-dwelling fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin M White
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Laia Guàrdia Valle
- b Botanical Unit, Department of Animal and Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biosciences , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193-Bellaterra , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Robert W Lichtwardt
- c Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045-7534
| | - Augusto Siri
- d Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA)/CONICET-CCT-La Plata/UNLP , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Douglas B Strongman
- e Department of Biology , Saint Mary's University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada B3H 3C3
| | - Robert T William
- e Department of Biology , Saint Mary's University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada B3H 3C3
| | - W Justin Gause
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Eric D Tretter
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725-1515
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Abstract
Species of Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Basidiomycota) are important in forest ecosystems as ectomycorrhizal fungi. Nine of the 75 described Laccaria species worldwide been reported from Korea. Most of these have European and North American names, and their identities are based solely on morphological features. To evaluate the taxonomy of Korean Laccaria, we used 443 specimens collected between 1981 and 2016 in a phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data from nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA (ITS) region, nuc 28S rDNA (28S), RNA polymerase II subunit 2 (rpb2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Ten Laccaria species were identified. Three of these were previously reported from Korea: L. bicolor, L. tortilis, and L. vinaceoavellanea. Laccaria alba, L. japonica, and L. murina are confirmed as new reports from Korea. Lastly, four new Laccaria species are described: L. araneosa, L. parva, L. torosa, and L. versiforma. This study supports the general contention that Asian species of ectomycorrhizal fungi may not be conspecific with morphologically similar species from Europe and North America. Furthermore, identification based on morphology alone is often unreliable in Laccaria due to considerable overlap of characters among species. Thus, use of molecular methods is necessary for effective identification. Illustrations of the four newly described species and a taxonomic key to species of Laccaria in Korea are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Cho
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Oh
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew W Wilson
- b Sam Mitchel Herbarium of Fungi, Denver Botanic Gardens , 909 York Street, Denver , Colorado 80206
| | - Gregory M Mueller
- c Plant Science and Conservation , Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe , Illinois 60022
| | - Young Woon Lim
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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36
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Yan X, Cao J, Fan L. Four new Tuber species added to the Rufum group from China based on morphological and molecular evidence. Mycologia 2018; 110:771-779. [PMID: 30207872 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1490120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Four new species, Tuber crassitunicatum, T. lishanense, T. piceatum, and T. wanglangense, are described and illustrated based on both morphological and molecular data. Morphologically, T. crassitunicatum is diagnosed by its brown ascomata and ellipsoidal ascospores ornamented by crowded spiny reticulum with more than 10 meshes across the spore width. Tuber lishanense can be recognized by its whitish to pale brown ascomata with a basal cavity, and very broadly ellipsoidal to subglobose ascospores ornamented by densely isolated spines. Tuber piceatum differs in its pale white ascomata and ellipsoidal ascospores with isolated spines, whereas T. wanglangense is characterized by its broad ellipsoidal ascospores with short spines that are connected by lower ridges when examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Phylogenetic analyses inferred the four new species in the Rufum group. Each species had less than 96% similarity in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) nuc rDNA ITS sequence to other Tuber species and represented a unique terminal clade in the phylogenetic tree. Our research did not confirm the occurrence in China of the European T. rufum and T. nitidum and the North American T. lyonii, although they are often reported in the literature on Chinese Tuber species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Yan
- a College of Life Science, Capital Normal University , Beijing , 100048 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhong Cao
- b Institute of Mycology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fan
- a College of Life Science, Capital Normal University , Beijing , 100048 , People's Republic of China
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37
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Abstract
Three new species of Harpellales, collected on Mt. Tsukuba, Kanto Plain on Honshu Island, are described. Stachylina philoricola, derived from midgut of Philorus sp. (Blephariceridae: Diptera), and Lancisporomyces tsukubaensis, derived from the hindgut of Amphinemura sp. (Nemouridae: Plecoptera) nymphs, are described. Blephariceridae is newly added to the host insect families of Harpellales. A new genus, Zygopolaropsis, is proposed to accommodate the new species Z. sphaerica, derived from the hindgut of Baetis thermicus (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) nymphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- a Department of Forest Entomology , Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute , 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba Ibaraki , 305-8687 , Japan
| | - Yousuke Degawa
- b Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center , University of Tsukuba , Sugadaira-Kogen, Ueda, Nagano 386-2204 , Japan
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