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Chen R, Meng S, Wang A, Jiang F, Yuan L, Lei L, Wang H, Fan W. The genomes of seven economic Caesalpinioideae trees provide insights into polyploidization history and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Plant Commun 2024:100944. [PMID: 38733080 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The Caesalpinioideae subfamily contains many well-known trees that are important for the sustainability of the economy and human health, but the lack of genomic resources hindered the breeding and utilization of these plants. Here, we present chromosome-level reference genomes for two food and industrial trees Gleditsia sinensis (921 Mb) and Biancaea sappan (872 Mb), three shade and ornamental trees Albizia julibrissin (705 Mb), Delonix regia (580 Mb) and Acacia confusa (566 Mb), as well as two pioneer and hedgerow trees Leucaena leucocephala (1,338 Mb) and Mimosa bimucronata (641 Mb). Phylogeny inference showed that the mimosoid clade has a much higher evolution rate than the other clades of Caesalpinioideae. Macrosynteny comparison showed that the fusion and broken of an unstable chromosome was responsible for the difference in the basic chromosome number 13 and 14 for Caesalpinioideae. After the ancient whole genome duplication shared by all Caesalpinioideae species (CWGD, ∼72.0 MYA), we found two recent successive WGD events LWGD-1 (16.2-19.5 MYA) and LWGD-2 (7.1-9.5 MYA) in L. leucocephala. Then, ∼40% gene loss and genome size contraction occurred during the diploidization process in L. leucocephala. For the secondary metabolites, we identified all the gene copies involved in mimosine metabolism for these species and revealed that the abundance of mimosine biosynthesis genes in L. leucocephala largely explains its high mimosine production. Moreover, we identified all the potential genes involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis in G. sinensis, which is more complete than the previous transcriptome-derived unigenes. Our analyzing results and the genomic resources will facilitate the biological studies of Caesalpinioideae and promote the utilization of valuable secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Sihan Meng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lihong Lei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hengchao Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China.
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2
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Ali R, Chaluvadi SR, Wang X, Hazzouri KM, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Rafi M, Al-Nuaimi M, Sasi S, Antepenko E, Bennetzen JL, Amiri KMA. Microbiome properties in the root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, a leguminous desert tree. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0361723. [PMID: 38624222 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03617-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the total microbiome and transcriptionally active microbiome communities in the roots and root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, an important leguminous tree in arid regions of many Asian countries. Mature P. cineraria trees growing in the desert did not exhibit any detected root nodules. However, we observed root nodules on the roots of P. cineraria growing on a desert farm and on young plants growing in a growth chamber, when inoculated with rhizosphere soil, including with rhizosphere soil from near desert tree roots that had no nodules. Compared to nearby soil, non-nodulated roots were enriched with Actinobacteria (e.g., Actinophytocola sp.), whereas root nodules sampled from the desert farm and growth chamber had abundant Alphaproteobacteria (e.g., Ensifer sp.). These nodules yielded many microbes in addition to such nitrogen-fixing bacteria as Ensifer and Sinorhizobium species. Significant differences exist in the composition and abundance of microbial isolates between the nodule surface and the nodule endosphere. Shotgun metagenome analysis of nodule endospheres revealed that the root nodules comprised over 90% bacterial DNA, whereas metatranscriptome analysis showed that the plant produces vastly more transcripts than the microbes in these nodules. Control inoculations demonstrated that four out of six Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, or Ensifer isolates purified from P. cineraria nodules produced nodules in the roots of P. cineraria seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The best nodulation was achieved when seedlings were inoculated with a mixture of those bacterial strains. Though root nodulation could be achieved under water stress conditions, nodule number and nodule biomass increased with copious water availability. .IMPORTANCEMicrobial communities were investigated in roots and root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, a leguminous tree species in arid Asian regions that is responsible for exceptionally important contributions to soil fertility in these dramatically dry locations. Soil removed from regions near nodule-free roots on these mature plants contained an abundance of bacteria with the genetic ability to generate nodules and fix nitrogen but did not normally nodulate in their native rhizosphere environment, suggesting a very different co-evolved relationship than that observed for herbaceous legumes. The relative over-expression of the low-gene-density plant DNA compared to the bacterial DNA in the nodules was also unexpected, indicating a very powerful induction of host genetic contributions within the nodule. Finally, the water dependence of nodulation in inoculated seedlings suggested a possible link between early seedling growth (before a deep root system can be developed) and the early development of nitrogen-fixing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Mitrix Bio., Inc., Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Khaled M Hazzouri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | | | - Mohammed Rafi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Mariam Al-Nuaimi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Shina Sasi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Eric Antepenko
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
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Casaes PA, Ferreira Dos Santos JM, Silva VC, Rhem MFK, Teixeira Cota MM, de Faria SM, Rando JG, James EK, Gross E. The radiation of nodulated Chamaecrista species from the rainforest into more diverse habitats has been accompanied by a reduction in growth form and a shift from fixation threads to symbiosomes. J Exp Bot 2024:erae134. [PMID: 38531677 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
All non-mimosoid nodulated genera in the legume subfamily Caesalpinioideae confine their rhizobial symbionts within cell wall-bound "fixation threads" (FTs). The exception is the large genus Chamaecrista in which shrubs and subshrubs house their rhizobial bacteroids more intimately within symbiosomes, whereas large trees have FTs. This study aimed to unravel the evolutionary relationships between Chamaecrista growth habit, habitat, nodule bacteroid type, and rhizobial genotype. The growth habit, bacteroid anatomy, and rhizobial symbionts of 30 nodulated Chamaecrista species native to different biomes in the Brazilian state of Bahia, a major centre of diversity for the genus, was plotted onto an ITS-TrnL-F-derived phylogeny of Chamaecrista. The bacteroids from most of the Chamaecrista species examined were enclosed in symbiosomes (SYM-type nodules), but those in arborescent species in the section Apoucouita, at the base of the genus, were enclosed in cell wall material containing homogalacturonan (HG) and cellulose (FT-type nodules). Most symbionts were Bradyrhizobium genotypes grouped according to the growth habits of their hosts, but the tree, C. eitenorum, was nodulated by Paraburkholderia. Chamaecrista has a range of growth habits that allow it to occupy several different biomes and to co-evolve with a wide range of (mainly) bradyrhizobial symbionts. FTs represent a less intimate symbiosis linked with nodulation losses, so the evolution of SYM-type nodules by most Chamaecrista species may have (a) aided the genus-wide retention of nodulation, and (b) assisted in its rapid speciation and radiation out of the rainforest into more diverse and challenging habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alves Casaes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Verônica Cordeiro Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Gastaldello Rando
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Euan K James
- The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Gross
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil
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Massaro I, Poethig RS, Sinha NR, Leichty AR. Chromosome-level genome of the transformable northern wattle, Acacia crassicarpa. G3 (Bethesda) 2024; 14:jkad284. [PMID: 38096217 PMCID: PMC10917515 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The genus Acacia is a large group of woody legumes containing an enormous amount of morphological diversity in leaf shape. This diversity is at least in part the result of an innovation in leaf development where many Acacia species are capable of developing leaves of both bifacial and unifacial morphologies. While not unique in the plant kingdom, unifaciality is most commonly associated with monocots, and its developmental genetic mechanisms have yet to be explored beyond this group. In this study, we identify an accession of Acacia crassicarpa with high regeneration rates and isolate a clone for genome sequencing. We generate a chromosome-level assembly of this readily transformable clone, and using comparative analyses, confirm a whole-genome duplication unique to Caesalpinoid legumes. This resource will be important for future work examining genome evolution in legumes and the unique developmental genetic mechanisms underlying unifacial morphogenesis in Acacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Massaro
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Neelima R Sinha
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Aaron R Leichty
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- USDA Plant Gene Expression Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
- 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
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Çiçek SS, Pfeifer Barbosa AL, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Segovia JFO, Bezerra RM, Sönnichsen F, Zidorn C, Kanzaki I, Tasdemir D. Chemical and Biological Evaluation of Amazonian Medicinal Plant Vouacapoua americana Aubl. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:99. [PMID: 36616228 PMCID: PMC9824835 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vouacapoua americana (Fabaceae) is an economically important tree in the Amazon region and used for its highly resistant heartwood as well as for medicinal purposes. Despite its frequent use, phytochemical investigations have been limited and rather focused on ecological properties than on its pharmacological potential. In this study, we investigated the phytochemistry and bioactivity of V. americana stem bark extract and its constituents to identify eventual lead structures for further drug development. Applying hydrodistillation and subsequent GC-MS analysis, we investigated the composition of the essential oil and identified the 15 most abundant components. Moreover, the diterpenoids deacetylchagresnone (1), cassa-13(14),15-dien-oic acid (2), isoneocaesalpin H (3), (+)-vouacapenic acid (4), and (+)-methyl vouacapenate (5) were isolated from the stem bark, with compounds 2 and 4 showing pronounced effects on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium, respectively. During the structure elucidation of deacetylchagresnone (1), which was isolated from a natural source for the first time, we detected inconsistencies regarding the configuration of the cyclopropane ring. Thus, the structure was revised for both deacetylchagresnone (1) and the previously isolated chagresnone. Following our works on Copaifera reticulata and Vatairea guianensis, the results of this study further contribute to the knowledge of Amazonian medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Sezai Çiçek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Roberto Messias Bezerra
- Laboratory of Bioprospection and Atomic Absorption, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. JK, Macapá 68903-419, AP, Brazil
| | - Frank Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Isamu Kanzaki
- Laboratory of Bioprospection, Darcy Ribeiro Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Pandey S, Singh L, Prakash Srivastava R, Kumar Kushwaha A, Dixit P, Saxena G, Babu Chaudhary L. Ethnomedical applications and conservation status of Leguminosae- Caesalpinioideae plants in Uttar Pradesh, India. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2022; 17:106-141. [PMID: 35747965 DOI: 10.2174/1872208316666220622230215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review highlights the folklore, ethnomedicinal uses and conservation status of Caesalpinioideae in Uttar Pradesh (India). AIMS It aims at compiling available data of traditional medicine, biological activity, phytochemical information and assessing the regional red list status of Caesalpinioideae in Uttar Pradesh. The information provided would help in formulating new drugs and medicines and addressing global conservation issues of such medicinally exploited species. METHODS The current study included an extensive and systematic review of available literature, the study of previous collections of herbarium specimens, random interviews with locals and tribals, field surveys, and GeoCAT tool-based assessment during 2016-2020. The study reports that the majority of species of Caesalpinioideae are used for curing digestive problems (about 20 species) and skin diseases (19 species). RESULT Almost all the species have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These pharmacological activities can be attributed to the presence of various types of anthraquinones in plants. CONCLUSION The regional conservation status reveals that eight species qualified for the status of regionally threatened category while two species fall under near threatened category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaraman Pandey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Government (Autonomous) Postgraduate College, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Lav Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Post Graduate Department of Botany, RD and DJ College, University of Munger, Munger-811201, Bihar, India
| | | | | | - Pooja Dixit
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dias MC, Caldeira C, Gastauer M, Ramos S, Oliveira G. Cross-species transcriptomes reveal species-specific and shared molecular adaptations for plants development on iron-rich rocky outcrops soils. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:313. [PMID: 35439930 PMCID: PMC9020022 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canga is the Brazilian term for the savanna-like vegetation harboring several endemic species on iron-rich rocky outcrops, usually considered for mining activities. Parkia platycephala Benth. and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr. naturally occur in the cangas of Serra dos Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) and the surrounding forest, indicating high phenotypic plasticity. The morphological and physiological mechanisms of the plants’ establishment in the canga environment are well studied, but the molecular adaptative responses are still unknown. To understand these adaptative responses, we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms that allow the establishment of these plants in the canga environment. Results Plants were grown in canga and forest substrates collected in the Carajás Mineral Province. RNA was extracted from pooled leaf tissue, and RNA-seq paired-end reads were assembled into representative transcriptomes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum containing 31,728 and 31,311 primary transcripts, respectively. We identified both species-specific and core molecular responses in plants grown in the canga substrate using differential expression analyses. In the species-specific analysis, we identified 1,112 and 838 differentially expressed genes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum, respectively. Enrichment analyses showed that unique biological processes and metabolic pathways were affected for each species. Comparative differential expression analysis was based on shared single-copy orthologs. The overall pattern of ortholog expression was species-specific. Even so, we identified almost 300 altered genes between plants in canga and forest substrates with conserved responses in the two species. The genes were functionally associated with the response to light stimulus and the circadian rhythm pathway. Conclusions Plants possess species-specific adaptative responses to cope with the substrates. Our results also suggest that plants adapted to both canga and forest environments can adjust the circadian rhythm in a substrate-dependent manner. The circadian clock gene modulation might be a central mechanism regulating the plants’ development in the canga substrate in the studied legume species. The mechanism may be shared as a common mechanism to abiotic stress compensation in other native species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08449-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Costa Dias
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cecílio Caldeira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Silvio Ramos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Oliveira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil.
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Choo LM, Loo AHB, Ang WF, Er KBH. A natural hybrid of Sindora (Fabaceae, Detarioideae) from Singapore. PhytoKeys 2022; 190:87-102. [PMID: 35437378 PMCID: PMC8891240 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.190.79185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sindora×changiensis L.M.Choo, Loo, W.F.Ang & K.Er is a new hybrid from the subfamily Detarioideae in Fabaceae. This is the first reported instance of natural hybridisation in Sindora. Based on population genetics analyses using ddRAD and morphological observations, this taxon represents a fertile hybrid between Sindoracoriacea and Sindoraechinocalyx. This new hybrid is so far only known to occur naturally from Changi at the north-eastern coast of Singapore. It has pods that are sparsely spiny. This is intermediate between the smooth, non-spiny pods of S.coriacea, and the densely spiny pods of S.echinocalyx. The calyx is smooth and unarmed, resembling S.coriacea. Last but not least, the ovary is entirely pubescent, different from S.coriacea and S.echinocalyx. The ovary of S.coriacea has a glabrous patch in the middle, while that of S.echinocalyx has minute spines protruding from the dense pubescence. A taxonomic description and an updated key to the Sindora of Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Min Choo
- National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, SingaporeNational Parks BoardSingaporeSingapore
| | - Adrian Hock Beng Loo
- National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, SingaporeNational Parks BoardSingaporeSingapore
| | - Wee Foong Ang
- National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, SingaporeNational Parks BoardSingaporeSingapore
| | - Kenneth Boon Hwee Er
- National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, SingaporeNational Parks BoardSingaporeSingapore
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Borges LM, Inglis PW, Simon MF, Ribeiro PG, de Queiroz LP. Misleading fruits: The non-monophyly of Pseudopiptadenia and Pityrocarpa supports generic re-circumscriptions and a new genus within mimosoid legumes. PhytoKeys 2022; 205:239-259. [PMID: 36762012 PMCID: PMC9849003 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.82275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Generic delimitation in Piptadenia and allies (mimosoid legumes) has been in a state of flux, particularly caused by over-reliance on fruit and seed morphology to segregate species out of Piptadenia into the genera Parapiptadenia, Pityrocarpa and Pseudopiptadenia. Although supporting their segregation from Piptadenia, previous phylogenetic analyses suggested that some of these segregated genera are not monophyletic. Here, we test the monophyly of Parapiptadenia, Pityrocarpa and Pseudopiptadenia with dense taxon sampling across these genera, including the type species of each genus. Our analysis recovers Parapitadenia as monophyletic, but places Pseudopiptadenia species in two distinct lineages, one of which includes all three species of Pityrocarpa. Given that the type species of both Pseudopiptadenia and Pityrocarpa are nested in the same clade, we subsume Pseudopiptadenia under the older name Pityrocarpa. The remaining Pseudopiptadenia species are assigned to the new genus Marlimorimia. Alongside high molecular phylogenetic support, recognition of Parapiptadenia, Pityrocarpa and Marlimorimia as distinct genera is also supported by combinations of morphological traits, several of which were previously overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M. Borges
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Botânica, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Peter W. Inglis
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Caixa Postal 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, BrazilEmbrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação BiológicaBrasíliaBrazil
| | - Marcelo F. Simon
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Caixa Postal 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, BrazilEmbrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação BiológicaBrasíliaBrazil
| | - Pétala Gomes Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Transnordestina s.n., Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Luciano P. de Queiroz
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Av. Transnordestina s.n., Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil
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10
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Bezerra JJL, Pinheiro AAV, Lucena RB. Phytochemistry and poisoning in ruminants by Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae): A systematic review. Toxicon 2021; 201:46-53. [PMID: 34411592 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae) is a plant widely distributed in several regions of Brazil, occurring in the phytogeographic domains of Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Caatinga. Cases of serious poisoning in cattle, goats, and sheep in the country caused by the ingestion of beans of this species have been reported by several studies. The present work aimed to carry out a systematic review of cases of poisoning by E. contortisiliquum in ruminants and list the main chemical compounds isolated from this plant. For this, searches were performed in the Google Academic, PubMed®, ScienceDirect®, and SciELO databases. A total of 26 articles published in the last 20 years (2001-2021) were included. Studies on cases of natural and experimental poisoning indicate that this species mainly causes photosensitization, abortions, digestive problems, and acute ruminal lactic acidosis in animals that ingest the pods of the plant. The main chemical compounds that occur in the species belong to the triterpene saponins, monoterpene, phenylpropene, and triterpene classes. It is likely that triterpene saponins isolated from E. contortisiliquum are associated with reported cases of photosensitization in cattle. New studies must be conducted to assess the mechanisms of action of chemical compounds isolated from this species in in vivo systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jailson Lima Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botânica, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Angel Vieira Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos - IpeFarM, Cidade Universitária, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Lucena
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia PB 079 - Km 12, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil.
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11
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Aecyo P, Marques A, Huettel B, Silva A, Esposito T, Ribeiro E, Leal IR, Gagnon E, Souza G, Pedrosa-Harand A. Plastome evolution in the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae) and its application in phylogenomics and populations genetics. Planta 2021; 254:27. [PMID: 34236509 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast genomes of Caesalpinia group species are structurally conserved, but sequence level variation is useful for both phylogenomic and population genetic analyses. Variation in chloroplast genomes (plastomes) has been an important source of information in plant biology. The Caesalpinia group has been used as a model in studies correlating ecological and genomic variables, yet its intergeneric and infrageneric relationships are not fully solved, despite densely sampled phylogenies including nuclear and plastid loci by Sanger sequencing. Here, we present the de novo assembly and characterization of plastomes from 13 species from the Caesalpinia group belonging to eight genera. A comparative analysis was carried out with 13 other plastomes previously available, totalizing 26 plastomes and representing 15 of the 26 known Caesalpinia group genera. All plastomes showed a conserved quadripartite structure and gene repertoire, except for the loss of four ndh genes in Erythrostemon gilliesii. Thirty polymorphic regions were identified for inter- or intrageneric analyses. The 26 aligned plastomes were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, revealing a well-resolved topology, and dividing the Caesalpinia group into two fully supported clades. Sixteen microsatellite (cpSSR) loci were selected from Cenostigma microphyllum for primer development and at least two were cross-amplified in different Leguminosae subfamilies by in vitro or in silico approaches. Four loci were used to assess the genetic diversity of C. microphyllum in the Brazilian Caatinga. Our results demonstrate the structural conservation of plastomes in the Caesalpinia group, offering insights into its systematics and evolution, and provides new genomic tools for future phylogenetic, population genetics, and phylogeographic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Aecyo
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - André Marques
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Tiago Esposito
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elâine Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Plant-Animal Interaction, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genetics, University of Pernambuco - Campus Petrolina, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Inara R Leal
- Laboratory of Plant-Animal Interaction, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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12
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Waheed A, Ahmad M, Ghufran MA, Jabeen A, Ozdemir FA, Zafar M, Sultana S, Shah MA, Majeed S, Khan AS. Implication of scanning electron microscopy in the seed morphology with special reference to three subfamilies of Fabaceae. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2176-2185. [PMID: 33830594 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The current research work was aimed to determine the morphological variation in the seeds of subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Papilionoideae using scanning electron microscope to investigate the different seed features including; Seed length, width, weight, hilum shape, position, fracture line pattern, pleurogram shape, texture crudeness, ornamentation wall, and surface ornamentation. A total of 12 species were collected. The study reveals that the seed types alters from psilate to rugose, pleurogram shape from lunar to U shape, hilum shape from elliptical to depressed, hilum position from terminal to subterminal, fracture line pattern from reticulate irregular ridges to psilate with regular ridges, texture crudeness from fine to coarse, surface ornamentation from reticulate to psilate, and ornamentation wall also varies from thin to thick. In all the studied species, it was found that seed surface was brown in color except in Senna alata, in which seed surface was black. Regarding the seed size, it was found that the smallest seed was observed for Sesbania sesban, while the largest seed was observed for Pongamia pinnata. The present research article indicates the taxonomic significance of seed morphology in the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosaceae, and Papilionoideae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Ghufran
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Jabeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Shehzad Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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13
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Koenen EJ, Kidner C, de Souza ÉR, Simon MF, Iganci JR, Nicholls JA, Brown GK, de Queiroz LP, Luckow M, Lewis GP, Pennington RT, Hughes CE. Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation. Am J Bot 2020; 107:1710-1735. [PMID: 33253423 PMCID: PMC7839790 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Targeted enrichment methods facilitate sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci to enhance phylogenetic resolution and elucidate why some parts of the "tree of life" are difficult (if not impossible) to resolve. The mimosoid legumes are a prominent pantropical clade of ~3300 species of woody angiosperms for which previous phylogenies have shown extensive lack of resolution, especially among the species-rich and taxonomically challenging ingoids. METHODS We generated transcriptomes to select low-copy nuclear genes, enrich these via hybrid capture for representative species of most mimosoid genera, and analyze the resulting data using de novo assembly and various phylogenomic tools for species tree inference. We also evaluate gene tree support and conflict for key internodes and use phylogenetic network analysis to investigate phylogenetic signal across the ingoids. RESULTS Our selection of 964 nuclear genes greatly improves phylogenetic resolution across the mimosoid phylogeny and shows that the ingoid clade can be resolved into several well-supported clades. However, nearly all loci show lack of phylogenetic signal for some of the deeper internodes within the ingoids. CONCLUSIONS Lack of resolution in the ingoid clade is most likely the result of hyperfast diversification, potentially causing a hard polytomy of six or seven lineages. The gene set for targeted sequencing presented here offers great potential to further enhance the phylogeny of mimosoids and the wider Caesalpinioideae with denser taxon sampling, to provide a framework for taxonomic reclassification, and to study the ingoid radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J. M. Koenen
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZollikerstrasse 107ZurichCH‐8008Switzerland
| | - Catherine Kidner
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing’s Buildings, Mayfield RoadEdinburghUK
- Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh20a Inverleith RowEdinburghEH3 5LRUK
| | - Élvia R. de Souza
- Departamento Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaAvenida Transnordestina s/n—Novo Horizonte44036‐900Feira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Marcelo F. Simon
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e BiotecnologiaParque Estação Biológica (PqEB)Avenida W5 norte70770‐917BrasíliaBrazil
| | - João R. Iganci
- Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal de PelotasCampus Universitário Capão do LeãoTravessa André Dreyfus s/nCapão do Leão96010‐900Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - James A. Nicholls
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing’s Buildings, Mayfield RoadEdinburghUK
- Australian National Insect CollectionCSIROClunies Ross StActonACT 2601Australia
| | - Gillian K. Brown
- Queensland HerbariumBrisbane Botanic GardensMount Coot‐tha, Mt Coot‐tha RoadToowong4066QueenslandAustralia
| | - Luciano P. de Queiroz
- Departamento Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaAvenida Transnordestina s/n—Novo Horizonte44036‐900Feira de SantanaBrazil
| | - Melissa Luckow
- L.H. Bailey HortoriumDepartment of Plant BiologyCornell University412 Mann Library BuildingIthacaNew York14853USA
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology DepartmentRoyal Botanic GardensKew, RichmondSurreyTW9 3AEUK
| | - R. Toby Pennington
- Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh20a Inverleith RowEdinburghEH3 5LRUK
- GeographyUniversity of ExeterAmory Building, Rennes DriveExeterEX4 4RJUK
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZollikerstrasse 107ZurichCH‐8008Switzerland
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14
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Vo PHT, Nguyen TDT, Tran HT, Nguyen YN, Doan MT, Nguyen PH, Lien GTK, To DC, Tran MH. Cytotoxic components from the leaves of Erythrophleum fordii induce human acute leukemia cell apoptosis through caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 31:127673. [PMID: 33161122 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cassaine diterpenoids as erythrofordins A-C (1-3), pseudo-erythrosuamin (4), and erythrofordin U (5) isolated from the leaves of Vietnamese Erythrophleum fordii Oliver were tested cytotoxic activity against human leukemia cancer cells. The results showed that these metabolites exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against human leukemia HL-60 and KG cells with IC50 values ranging from 15.2 ± 1.5 to 42.2 ± 3.6 µM. Treatment with erythrofordin B led to the apoptosis of HL-60 and KG cells due to the activation of caspase 3, caspase 9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Erythrofordin B significantly increased Bak protein expression, but downregulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, in HL-60 cells. In silico results demonstrated that erythrofordin B can bind to both the procaspase-3 allosteric site and the PARP-1 active site, with binding energies of -7.36 and -10.76 kcal/mol, respectively. These results indicated that the leaves of Vietnamese E. fordii, which contain cassaine diterpenoids, can induce the apoptosis of human leukemia cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Hien Thi Vo
- University of Science, Vietnam National University Hochiminh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Hochiminh City 748000, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy Duong Thi Nguyen
- Biomedical Science Department, VNUK Institute for Research & Executive Education, The University of Danang, 158A Le Loi, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Viet Nam
| | - Hoa Thanh Tran
- Biomedical Science Department, VNUK Institute for Research & Executive Education, The University of Danang, 158A Le Loi, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Viet Nam
| | - Yen Nhi Nguyen
- University of Science, Vietnam National University Hochiminh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Hochiminh City 748000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Thu Doan
- Biomedical Science Department, VNUK Institute for Research & Executive Education, The University of Danang, 158A Le Loi, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Viet Nam
| | - Phi Hung Nguyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122100, Viet Nam
| | - Giang Thi Kim Lien
- The University of Danang, 41 Le Duan, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Viet Nam
| | - Dao Cuong To
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong District, Hanoi 12116, Viet Nam; Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, 167 Hoang Ngan, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11313, Viet Nam.
| | - Manh Hung Tran
- University of Science, Vietnam National University Hochiminh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Hochiminh City 748000, Viet Nam.
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15
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Nascimento CEDS, da Silva CAD, Leal IR, Tavares WDS, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC, Tabarelli M. Seed germination and early seedling survival of the invasive species Prosopis juliflora (Fabaceae) depend on habitat and seed dispersal mode in the Caatinga dry forest. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9607. [PMID: 32953255 PMCID: PMC7474883 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biological invasion is one of the main threats to tropical biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC. (Fabales: Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) was introduced in the Caatinga dry forest of Northeast Brazil at early 1940s and successfully spread across the region. As other invasive species, it may benefit from the soils and seed dispersal by livestock. Here we examine how seed dispersal ecology and soil conditions collectively affect seed germination, early seedling performance and consequently the P. juliflora invasive potential. Methods Seed germination, early seedling survival, life expectancy and soil attributes were examined in 10 plots located across three habitats (flooding plain, alluvial terrace and plateau) into a human-modified landscape of the Caatinga dry forest (a total of 12,000 seeds). Seeds were exposed to four seed dispersal methods: deposition on the soil surface, burial in the soil, passed through cattle (Boss taurus) digestive tracts and mixed with cattle manure and passed through mule (Equus africanus asinus × Equus ferus caballus) digestive tracts and mixed with mule manure. Seeds and seedlings were monitored through a year and their performance examined with expectancy tables. Results Soils differed among habitats, particularly its nutrient availability, texture and water with finely-textured and more fertile soils in the flooding plain. Total seed germination was relatively low (14.5%), with the highest score among seeds buried in the flooding plain (47.4 ± 25.3%). Seed dispersal by cattle and mule also positively impacted seed germination. Early seedling survival rate of P. juliflora was dramatically reduced with few seedlings still alive elapsed a year. Survival rate was highest in the first 30 days and declined between 30 and 60 days with stabilization at 70 days after germination in all seed treatments and habitats. However, survival and life expectancy were higher in the flooding plain at 75 days and lower in the plateau. Prosopis juliflora seedling survival and life expectancy were higher in the case seeds were mixed with cattle manure. Synthesis Prosopis juliflora seeds and seedlings are sensitive to water stress and habitat desiccation. Therefore, they benefit from the humid soils often present across human-disturbed flooding plains. This plant also benefits from seed deposition/dispersal by livestock in these landscapes, since cattle manure represents a nutrient-rich and humid substrate for both seeds and seedlings. The quality of the seed dispersal service varies among livestock species, but this key mutualism between exotic species is due to the arillate, hard-coated and palatable seeds. Prosopis juliflora traits allow this species to take multiple benefits from human presence and thus operating as a human commensal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clóvis Eduardo de Souza Nascimento
- Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semi-Árido, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil.,Departamento de Ciências Humanas, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Carlos Alberto Domingues da Silva
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Algodão, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - Inara Roberta Leal
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
| | - Wagner de Souza Tavares
- Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Ltd. (APRIL), PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP), Pangkalan Kerinci, Riau, Indonesia
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Tabarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
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16
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Stephanie DM, Stéphane FFY, Jules BKJ, Kaaniche F, Mawabo IK, Ngouela SA, Sewald N, Lenta BN. Dewerin and gilbertionol two new secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild) J. Leonard. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:214-222. [PMID: 32524849 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1777120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the stem bark of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei led to the isolation of two new secondary metabolites, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-2,4-dione (1) and 23-hydroxy-2-tricosanone (2) along with 19 known compounds (3-21). The structure of these compounds were established by interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HR-TOFESIMS, 1 D NMR (1H, 13C and DEPT) and 2 D NMR (1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and by comparison with those reported in the literature. The methanol extract and some isolates were screened for their antiradical, antibacterial, and inhibitory properties against acetylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fatma Kaaniche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry (Natural Substances Team), Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Isabelle Kamga Mawabo
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Silvère Augustin Ngouela
- Faculty of Science, Department of Organic Chemistry, The University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bruno Ndjakou Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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17
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Kinyok MJ, Wilhelm A, Kamto ELD, Ngo Mbing J, Bonnet SL, Pegnyemb DE. Chemical constituents of the leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla (Leguminosae). Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:3865-3872. [PMID: 32212868 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1744144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study deals with the isolation and the characterization of the chemical constituents from the leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla (Leguminosae). Using various chromatographic techniques (TLC, CC, HPLC), the methanolic extract of the leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla yielded one new alkaloid (1) as well as six known compounds amongst which an alkane (2), isolated for the first time from a natural product, an ester of fatty acid (3), two isocoumarines (4-5), a sterol (6) and a disaccharide (7). Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic technics including extensive 1-D and 2-D NMR, HR-SM experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mc Jesus Kinyok
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Anke Wilhelm
- Faculty of Natural and agricultural sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Eutrophe Le Doux Kamto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Joséphine Ngo Mbing
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Centre de Recherche en Plantes Médicinales et Médecine Traditionnelle (CRPMT), I.M.P.M, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Susanna L Bonnet
- Faculty of Natural and agricultural sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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18
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Urquiaga MCDO, Klepa MS, Somasegaran P, Ribeiro RA, Delamuta JRM, Hungria M. Bradyrhizobium frederickii sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing lineage isolated from nodules of the caesalpinioid species Chamaecrista fasciculata and characterized by tolerance to high temperature in vitro. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3863-3877. [PMID: 31486763 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The symbioses between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia make the greatest contribution to the global nitrogen input via the process of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Bradyrhizobium stands out as the main genus nodulating basal Caesalpinioideae. We performed a polyphasic study with 11 strains isolated from root nodules of Chamaecristafasciculata, an annual multi-functional native legume of the USA. In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny the strains were clustered in the Bradyrhizobium japonicumsuperclade. The results of analysis of the intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) indicated less than 89.9 % similarity to other Bradyrhizobium species. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) with four housekeeping genes (glnII, gyrB, recA and rpoB) confirmed the new group, sharing less than 95.2 % nucleotide identity with other species. The MLSA with 10 housekeeping genes (atpD, dnaK, gap, glnII, gltA, gyrB, pnp, recA, rpoB and thrC) indicated Bradyrhizobium daqingense as the closest species. Noteworthy, high genetic diversity among the strains was confirmed in the analyses of ITS, MLSA and BOX-PCR. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were below the threshold of described Bradyrhizobium species, of 89.7 and 40 %, respectively. In the nifH and nodC phylogenies, the strains were grouped together, but with an indication of horizontal gene transfer, showing higher similarity to Bradyrhizobium arachidis and Bradyrhizobium forestalis. Other phenotypic, genotypic and symbiotic properties were evaluated, and the results altogether support the description of the CNPSo strains as representatives of the new species Bradyrhizobiumfrederickii sp. nov., with CNPSo 3426T (=USDA 10052T=U686T=CL 20T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara de Oliveira Urquiaga
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes 70.040-020 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10.011, 86057970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Milena Serenato Klepa
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes 70.040-020 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jakeline Renata Marcon Delamuta
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10.011, 86057970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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19
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Ravest G, León‐Lobos P, Aguirre C, Hernández J, Bolados G, Castro MH, Silva S, Hinrichsen P. New microsatellites for the Atacama Desert endemic Balsamocarpon brevifolium (Fabaceae). Appl Plant Sci 2019; 7:e11271. [PMID: 31236318 PMCID: PMC6580986 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Algarrobilla (Balsamocarpon brevifolium, Fabaceae) is an endemic xerophytic shrub restricted to the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. Extensive utilization of the region for coal production has endangered this species. Conservation efforts are underway, with genetic diversity analyses being key to the restoration of these populations. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen new microsatellite markers were developed for B. brevifolium and used to analyze three populations from the Atacama and Coquimbo regions in Chile. Microsatellites were highly polymorphic, with an average of 5.77 alleles per marker and an average level of expected heterozygosity of 0.72. These markers were evaluated and cross-amplified on two related species (Senna cumingii and Caesalpinia angulata) with partial success. CONCLUSIONS The development of this set of markers permits an extensive study of B. brevifolium populations for conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ravest
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | - Pedro León‐Lobos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | - Carlos Aguirre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | | | | | - María Herminia Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
| | | | - Patricio Hinrichsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) La PlatinaSanta Rosa11610SantiagoChile
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20
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Gagnon E, Ringelberg JJ, Bruneau A, Lewis GP, Hughes CE. Global Succulent Biome phylogenetic conservatism across the pantropical Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae). New Phytol 2019; 222:1994-2008. [PMID: 30536385 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The extent to which phylogenetic biome conservatism vs biome shifting determines global patterns of biodiversity remains poorly understood. To address this question, we investigated the biogeography and trajectories of biome and growth form evolution across the Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae), a clade of 225 species of trees, shrubs and lianas distributed across the Rainforest, Succulent, Temperate and Savanna Biomes. We focused especially on the little-known Succulent Biome, an assemblage of succulent-rich, grass-poor, seasonally dry tropical vegetation distributed disjunctly across the Neotropics, Africa, Arabia and Madagascar. We reconstructed a time-calibrated phylogeny, assembled species occurrence data and assigned species to areas, biomes and growth forms. These data are used to estimate the frequency of transcontinental disjunctions, biome shifts and evolutionary transitions between growth forms and test for phylogenetic biome conservatism and correlated evolution of growth forms and biome shifts. We uncovered a pattern of strong phylogenetic Succulent Biome conservatism. We showed that transcontinental disjunctions confined within the Succulent Biome are frequent and that biome shifts to the Savanna, Rainforest and Temperate Biomes are infrequent and closely associated with shifts in plant growth forms. Our results suggest that the Succulent Biome comprises an ecologically constrained evolutionary arena spanning large geographical disjunctions across the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edeline Gagnon
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale & Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, E1A 3E9, Moncton, NB, Canada
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Jens J Ringelberg
- Department of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale & Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Colin E Hughes
- Department of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Liu W, Kong H, Zhou J, Fritsch PW, Hao G, Gong W. Complete Chloroplast Genome of Cercis chuniana (Fabaceae) with Structural and Genetic Comparison to Six Species in Caesalpinioideae. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1286. [PMID: 29693617 PMCID: PMC5983592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the Fabaceae has long been recognized as non-monophyletic due to its controversial phylogenetic relationships. Cercis chuniana, endemic to China, is a representative species of Cercis L. placed within Caesalpinioideae in the older sense. Here, we report the whole chloroplast (cp) genome of C. chuniana and compare it to six other species from the Caesalpinioideae. Comparative analyses of gene synteny and simple sequence repeats (SSRs), as well as estimation of nucleotide diversity, the relative ratios of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions (dn/ds), and Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) interspecific genetic distances, were all conducted. The whole cp genome of C. chuniana was found to be 158,433 bp long with a total of 114 genes, 81 of which code for proteins. Nucleotide substitutions and length variation are present, particularly at the boundaries among large single copy (LSC), inverted repeat (IR) and small single copy (SSC) regions. Nucleotide diversity among all species was estimated to be 0.03, the average dn/ds ratio 0.3177, and the average K2P value 0.0372. Ninety-one SSRs were identified in C. chuniana, with the highest proportion in the LSC region. Ninety-seven species from the old Caesalpinioideae were selected for phylogenetic reconstruction, the analysis of which strongly supports the monophyly of Cercidoideae based on the new classification of the Fabaceae. Our study provides genomic information for further phylogenetic reconstruction and biogeographic inference of Cercis and other legume species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510614, China.
| | - Hanghui Kong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Juan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510614, China.
| | - Peter W Fritsch
- Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 1700 University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | - Gang Hao
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510614, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510614, China.
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22
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Rodrigues PS, Souza MM, Melo CAF, Pereira TNS, Corrêa RX. Karyotype diversity and 2C DNA content in species of the Caesalpinia group. BMC Genet 2018; 19:25. [PMID: 29642872 PMCID: PMC5896153 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Leguminosae family is the third-largest family of angiosperms, and Caesalpinioideae is its second-largest subfamily. A great number of species (approximately 205) are found in the Caesalpinia group within this subfamily; together with these species' phenotypic plasticity and the similarities in their morphological descriptors, make this a complex group for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the karyotypic diversity and the 2C DNA content variation in 10 species of the Caesalpinia group, representing six genera: Paubrasilia, Caesalpinia, Cenostigma, Poincianella, Erythrostemon and Libidibia. The GC-rich heterochromatin and 45S rDNA sites (which are used as chromosome markers) were located to evaluate the karyotype diversity in the clade. The variation in the 2C DNA content was determined through flow cytometry. RESULTS The fluorochrome banding indicated that the chromomycin A3+/4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole- blocks were exclusively in the terminal regions of the chromosomes, coinciding with 45S rDNA sites in all analyzed species. Physical mapping of the species (through fluorescence in situ hybridization) revealed variation in the size of the hybridization signals and in the number and distribution of the 45S rDNA sites. All hybridization sites were in the terminal regions of the chromosomes. In addition, all species had a hybridization site in the fourth chromosome pair. The 2C DNA content ranged from 1.54 pg in Erythrostemon calycina to 2.82 pg in the Paubrasilia echinata large-leaf variant. The Pa. echinata small-leaf variant was isolated from the other leaf variants through Scoot-Knott clustering. CONCLUSIONS The chromosome diversity and the variation in the 2C DNA content reinforce that the actual taxonomy and clustering of the analyzed taxa requires more genera that were previously proposed. This fact indicates that taxonomy, phylogeny and cytoevolutionary inference related to the complex Caesalpinia group have to be done through integrative evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polliana Silva Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Margarete Magalhães Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Cláusio Antônio Ferreira Melo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Telma Nair Santana Pereira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Ronan Xavier Corrêa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, CEP, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
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Zimmerman E, Herendeen PS, Lewis GP, Bruneau A. Floral evolution and phylogeny of the Dialioideae, a diverse subfamily of tropical legumes. Am J Bot 2017; 104:1019-1041. [PMID: 28710127 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The Dialioideae is an early diverging clade of caesalpinioid legumes containing approximately 85 species in 17 genera. Dialioideae floral morphology is highly variable and may provide clues to caesalpinioid evolution, but a well-resolved phylogeny is needed. Here, we have carried out a comprehensive morphological study of 78 Dialioideae and four outgroup species. METHODS For all available Dialioideae DNA samples, the plastid rpS16 and trnL introns were sequenced. A combined phylogenetic analysis using the parsimony criterion was completed on a reduced taxon set for which both molecular and morphological data were available. Highly supported clades from the strict consensus tree of this analysis were then used to constrain the nodes of a second analysis on an expanded taxon set with missing molecular data for some taxa. KEY RESULTS Several new, highly supported relationships have been discovered at the species and genus levels. The loss of the antepetalous stamen whorl was found to be a synapomorphy for most of the clade. CONCLUSIONS A high degree of organ loss is common in the Dialioideae and often results in a bilaterally symmetrical flower. The absence of consistent morphological features in the Dialioideae, coupled with the small size of each florally diagnosed genus, suggests a lack of canalization in the floral evolution in early diverging legume lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Zimmerman
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale and Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | | | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale and Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
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24
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Prenner G, Cardoso D. Flower development of Goniorrhachis marginata reveals new insights into the evolution of the florally diverse detarioid legumes. Ann Bot 2017; 119:417-432. [PMID: 28025284 PMCID: PMC5314645 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The study of floral morphology and ontogeny and the re-investigation of existing data help to uncover potential synapomorphic characters and foster our understanding of phylogenetic relationships that rely primarily on molecular analyses. Goniorrhachis marginata is a monotypic caesalpinioid legume (Leguminosae) that shows some interesting floral features, such as a long hypanthium and regular Rosaceae-like flowers. We studied the ontogeny and morphology of the flowers in detail and present our results in a broad phylogenetic context. METHODS Flower buds were collected in the field, fixed in 70 % ethanol and investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Older buds in spirit were carefully opened to investigate the direction of style bending. Characters of the style from 131 taxa from the main legume lineages were analysed and mapped on a Bayesian molecular phylogeny. KEY RESULTS The tetramerous calyx is the result of complete loss of one sepal. The formation of the radially symmetrical corolla starts in a typical caesalpinioid pattern with the adaxial petal innermost (ascending aestivation). The young style bends in the abaxial direction, which is a character found exclusively in all studied detarioid legumes and therefore a newly described synapomorphy for the clade. CONCLUSIONS We show that investigation of unstudied taxa and reinvestigation of published data can uncover new, previously overlooked and important characters. Curvature of the style can be detected in young buds with a hand lens and therefore is an important character for field botanists. Our study reveals the importance of including poorly studied and/or phylogenetically enigmatic taxa in molecular phylogenies and in detailed morphological and ontogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Prenner
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Jodrell Laboratory, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Domingos Cardoso
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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25
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Gagnon E, Bruneau A, Hughes CE, de Queiroz LP, Lewis GP. A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae). PhytoKeys 2016; 71:1-160. [PMID: 28814915 PMCID: PMC5558824 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The Caesalpinia group is a large pantropical clade of ca. 205 species in subfamily Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) in which generic delimitation has been in a state of considerable flux. Here we present new phylogenetic analyses based on five plastid and one nuclear ribosomal marker, with dense taxon sampling including 172 (84%) of the species and representatives of all previously described genera in the Caesalpinia group. These analyses show that the current classification of the Caesalpinia group into 21 genera needs to be revised. Several genera (Poincianella, Erythrostemon, Cenostigma and Caesalpinia sensu Lewis, 2005) are non-monophyletic and several previously unclassified Asian species segregate into clades that merit recognition at generic rank. In addition, the near-completeness of our taxon sampling identifies three species that do not belong in any of the main clades and these are recognised as new monospecific genera. A new generic classification of the Caesalpinia group is presented including a key for the identification of genera, full generic descriptions, illustrations (drawings and photo plates of all genera), and (for most genera) the nomenclatural transfer of species to their correct genus. We recognise 26 genera, with reinstatement of two previously described genera (Biancaea Tod., Denisophytum R. Vig.), re-delimitation and expansion of several others (Moullava, Cenostigma, Libidibia and Erythrostemon), contraction of Caesalpinia s.s. and description of four new ones (Gelrebia, Paubrasilia, Hererolandia and Hultholia), and make 75 new nomenclatural combinations in this new generic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edeline Gagnon
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale and Département de sciences
biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne Bruneau
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale and Département de sciences
biologiques, Université de Montréal, H1X 2B2, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Colin E. Hughes
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zürich, 8008,
Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, BR 116, Km 03, Campus Universitário,
Feira de Santana 44031-460, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Gwilym P. Lewis
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
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26
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Henkel TW, Obase K, Husbands D, Uehling JK, Bonito G, Aime MC, Smith ME. New Boletaceae taxa from Guyana: Binderoboletus segoi gen. and sp. nov., Guyanaporus albipodus gen. and sp. nov., Singerocomus rubriflavus gen. and sp. nov., and a new combination for Xerocomus inundabilis. Mycologia 2015; 108:157-73. [PMID: 26490700 DOI: 10.3852/15-075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Binderoboletus segoi gen. and sp. nov., Guyanaporus albipodus gen. and sp. nov. and Singerocomus rubriflavus gen. and sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota) are described from the Pakaraima Mountains and adjacent lowlands of Guyana. Xerocomus inundabilis, originally described from the central Brazilian Amazon and based solely on the type collection, is redescribed from numerous collections from Guyana and transferred into Singerocomus. These boletes occur in Neotropical forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal trees in the genera Dicymbe (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae), Aldina (Fabaceae subfam. Papilionoideae) and Pakaraimaea (Dipterocarpaceae). Three of the species were repeatedly found in a multiyear sporocarp survey in Dicymbe corymbosa-monodominant forest. Macromorphological, micromorphological, habitat and multilocus DNA sequence data are provided for each species. A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a large taxon set across the Boletaceae justifies erection of the new genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California 95521
| | - Keisuke Obase
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Dillon Husbands
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Jessie K Uehling
- University Program in Genetics & Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
| | - Gregory Bonito
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - M Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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Smith ME, Amses KR, Elliott TF, Obase K, Aime MC, Henkel TW. New sequestrate fungi from Guyana: Jimtrappea guyanensis gen. sp. nov., Castellanea pakaraimophila gen. sp. nov., and Costatisporus cyanescens gen. sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales). IMA Fungus 2015; 6:297-317. [PMID: 26732137 PMCID: PMC4681255 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Jimtrappea guyanensis gen. sp. nov., Castellanea pakaraimophila gen. sp. nov., and Costatisporus cyanescens gen. sp. nov. are described as new to science. These sequestrate, hypogeous fungi were collected in Guyana under closed canopy tropical forests in association with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) host tree genera Dicymbe (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae), Aldina (Fabaceae subfam. Papilionoideae), and Pakaraimaea (Dipterocarpaceae). Molecular data place these fungi in Boletaceae (Boletales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) and inform their relationships to other known epigeous and sequestrate taxa within that family. Macro- and micromorphological characters, habitat, and multi-locus DNA sequence data are provided for each new taxon. Unique morphological features and a molecular phylogenetic analysis of 185 taxa across the order Boletales justify the recognition of the three new genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kevin R Amses
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
| | - Todd F Elliott
- Department of Integrative Studies, Warren Wilson College, Asheville, NC 28815, USA
| | - Keisuke Obase
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - M Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
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Donkpegan ASL, Doucet JL, Dainou K, Hardy OJ. Microsatellite development and flow cytometry in the African tree genus Afzelia (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) reveal a polyploid complex. Appl Plant Sci 2015; 3:apps1400097. [PMID: 25606356 PMCID: PMC4298234 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Microsatellites were developed in the vulnerable African rainforest tree Afzelia bipindensis to investigate gene flow patterns. • METHODS AND RESULTS Using 454 GS-FLX technique, 16 primer sets were identified and optimized, leading to 11 polymorphic and readable markers displaying each six to 25 alleles in a population. Up to four alleles per individual were found in each of the loci, without evidence of fixed heterozygosity, suggesting an autotetraploid genome. Cross-amplification succeeded for all loci in the African rainforest species A. pachyloba and A. bella, which appeared tetraploid, and for most loci in the African woodland species A. africana and A. quanzensis, which appeared diploid, but failed in the Asian species A. xylocarpa. Flow cytometry confirmed the suspected differences in ploidy. • CONCLUSIONS African Afzelia species are diploid or tetraploid, a situation rarely documented in tropical trees. These newly developed microsatellites will help in the study of their mating system and gene flow patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel S. L. Donkpegan
- University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Management of Forest Resources, Biosystem Engineering Department, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Doucet
- University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Management of Forest Resources, Biosystem Engineering Department, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Kasso Dainou
- University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Management of Forest Resources, Biosystem Engineering Department, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Olivier J. Hardy
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology Unit, CP 160/12, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Av. F. D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Almeida NM, Castro CC, Leite AV, Novo RR, Machado IC. Floral polymorphism in Chamaecrista flexuosa (Fabaceae- Caesalpinioideae): a possible case of atypical enantiostyly? Ann Bot 2013; 112:1117-1123. [PMID: 24026440 PMCID: PMC3783247 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reciprocal herkogamy, including enantiostyly and heterostyly, involves reciprocity in the relative positions of the sexual elements within the flower. Such systems result in morphologically and, since pollen is deposited on and captured from different parts of the pollinator, functionally distinct floral forms. Deviations from the basic pattern may modify the functionality of these mechanisms. For heterostylous species, such deviations are generally related to environmental disturbances, pollination services and/or reduced numbers of one floral morph. Deviations for enantiostylous species have not yet been reported. This study aims to investigate enantiostyly in Chamaecrista flexuosa, in particular the presence of deviations from the standard form, in an area of coastal vegetation in north-east Brazil. METHODS Observations and investigations of floral biology, the reproductive system, pollinator behaviour, floral morphology and morphometry were performed. KEY RESULTS In C. flexuosa flowers, anthers of different size but similar function are grouped. The flowers were self-compatible and set fruits after every treatment, except in the spontaneous self-pollination experiment, thereby indicating their dependence on pollen vectors. The flowers were pollinated by bees, especially Xylocopa cearensis and X. grisencens. Pollen is deposited and captured from the ventral portion of the pollinator's body. Variations in the spatial arrangement of floral elements allowed for the identification of floral morphs based on both morphological and functional criteria. Using morphological criteria, morphologically right (MR) and morphologically left (ML) floral morphs were identified. Three floral morphs were identified using functional criteria: functionally right (FR), functionally central (FC) and functionally left (FL). Combinations of morphologically and functionally defined morphs did not occur in equal proportions. There was a reduced frequency of the MR-FR combination. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate the occurrence of an atypical enantiostyly in C. flexuosa. This seems to improve reproductive success by increasing the efficiency of pollen deposition and capture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Virgínia Leite
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 51280-400, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | | | - Isabel Cristina Machado
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, 50670-901, Recife-PE, Brazil
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Chatan W. A new species of Bauhinia L. ( Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae) from Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand. PhytoKeys 2013; 26:1-5. [PMID: 24194667 PMCID: PMC3817419 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.26.6008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new liana species of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae), namely Bauhinia nakhonphanomensis, collected from the Phulangkha National Park, Nakhon Pranom Province, Thailand, is described and illustrated. It is easily recognized by the following combination of characters: tendrilled liana, entire leaves, acuminate or caudate leaf apices, oblong or elliptic floral bud, floral bud 25-35 mm long, raceme or panicle inflorescence, 10-13 mm long hypanthium, anther opening by longitudinal slits. Important comparative morphological characters with some closely related species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannachai Chatan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai District, Mahasarakham Province, 44150, Thailand
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