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Hallur V, Sirka CS, Sable M, Sethy M, Bag N, Sahu S, Sahoo M, Shivaprakash MR, Das M. A Novel Report of mycetoma with Spinal Spread due to Madurella fahalli from India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2024; 48:100523. [PMID: 38158183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Eumycetoma caused by Madurella fahalii, a drug-resistant fungus, has never been reported in India. Here, we describe a fatal case of eumycetoma with spinal involvement due to M. fahalii for the first time in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mukund Sable
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India.
| | | | | | - Supriya Sahu
- ICMR Advanced Molecular and Diagnostics Research Centre for Fungi, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India.
| | - Malaya Sahoo
- ICMR Advanced Molecular and Diagnostics Research Centre for Fungi, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India.
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Singh Gill J, Chatterjee M, Baveja S, Hazra N, Tandel K, R V, Verma R. Clinical study on antifungal drug resistance among cases of dermatophytosis in patients reporting to multiple tertiary care hospitals. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:S244-S249. [PMID: 38144609 PMCID: PMC10746813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In a tropical country like India, the warm and humid climate plays an important role in the increased incidence of superficial fungal infections. This is a study to identify the causative fungi of dermatophytosis and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern among patients reporting to multiple tertiary care hospitals. Methods Skin scrapping, nail clipping, and hair follicles were processed for microscopy, culture, and antifungal susceptibility testing as per standard guidelines. Antifungal susceptibility was performed as per published by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute for yeasts (M27-A3) and filamentous fungi (M38-A2). Result The study sample had a predominantly male population with the commonest age group being 21-30 years (39.57%) followed by 31-40 years (31.46%). Tinea corporis (57.30%) was the most common clinical presentation followed by tinea cruris (20.85%) and onychomycosis (14.73%). Microscopy positivity was 43.19%, while culture positivity was 23.97%. Dermatophytes accounted for the majority of isolates. All fungal isolates had high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to fluconazole, suggesting that dermatophytes are possibly resistant to this drug. Conclusion Trichophyton mentagrophytes is confirmed as the dominant pathogen of dermatophytosis in all three tertiary care hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaswinder Singh Gill
- Classified Specialist (Path & Micro), Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sukruti Baveja
- Dy Commandant, Officers Training College, Lucknow, India
| | - Nandita Hazra
- Senior Advisor (Path & Micro), Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India
| | - Kundan Tandel
- Classified Specialist (Microbiology), Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, India
| | - Vijendran R
- Consultant Dermatologist, Apollo Hospital & RT Skin Clinic, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rajesh Verma
- MG Med, HQ UB Area Bareilly, Bareilly Cantt, India
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Simonsen JK, Mose KF, Kristensen L, Herlin LK. Deep dermatophytosis in an immunocompetent adult with no prior history of skin disease. Med Mycol Case Rep 2023; 39:31-33. [PMID: 36819736 PMCID: PMC9929626 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical presentation of invasive dermatophytosis often mimics other more common skin diseases. We report a case of severe deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes initially interpreted as herpetiform rash. The diagnosis was established based on fungal culturing and molecular detection using RT-PCR in addition to response to treatment using oral terbinafine. Our case emphasizes the importance of fungal testing at an early point to accelerate diagnosis and initiation of correct treatment. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Krogsgaard Simonsen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark,Corresponding author.
| | | | - Lise Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Laura Krogh Herlin
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Hui X, Mo XH, Yang LJ, Yang H, Tan JW, Yu Q, Zhang PF, Tan F. Comparison of Samples of Blister Fluid and Scales in the diagnosis of dermatomycosis. Mycoses 2022; 65:969-975. [PMID: 35815924 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The successful diagnosis of dermatomycosis depends on specimen collection. Dermatomycosis is sampled mainly for scales, but there is a lack of research on specimens of blister fluid. OBJECTIVES To explore whether blister fluid can diagnose dermatomycosis and compare blister fluid and scale specimens for dermatomycosis diagnosis. METHODS From April to July 2021, we prospectively gathered 34 patients who needed to meet all inclusion criteria simultaneously and collected their blister fluid and scales as specimens. The two samples were tested by fluorescent stain microscopy, fungal culture, and PCR, and the diagnosis results were compared. RESULTS The blister fluid sample's sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 90%, 100%, and 94.1%, respectively, whereas the scales sample were 60%, 100%, and 76.5%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratios were>10 for both blister fluid and scales specimen, and the negative likelihood ratios were not < 0.1. On the Youden's index, the blister fluid specimen was 90%, and the scales specimen was 60%. As for the diagnostic odds ratio, both of them were >1. By fungal culture, we detected 14 cases of fungi in blister fluid and eight in scales. On PCR, 22 cases of fungi in blister fluid and ten in scales were identified. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a sample of blister fluid had better sensitivity, accuracy, and Youden's index in diagnosing dermatomycosis with blister fluid. Collection of blister fluid might compensate for the inadequacy of collecting only scales specimens for mycological testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hui
- Clinical College of Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Hui Mo
- Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Juan Yang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wen Tan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Fei Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Tan
- Clinical College of Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Di Chiacchio N, de Sá Menezes Carvalho G, Di Chiacchio NG, Borges Figueira de Mello CD, Veasey JV. Fungal Viability of Nail Dust from Onychomycosis Abrasion: A Pilot Study. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 7:366-369. [PMID: 34604325 DOI: 10.1159/000516307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Onychomycosis is a frequent complaint in dermatological practice and corresponds to the most common nail disease. The treatment of onychomycosis remains a challenge, as several factors end up compromising and making treatment difficult. Nail abrasion is considered a useful method in many cases. However, there is controversy about this approach, as there is an aerosol formation that could contaminate the environment and cause fungal changes or hypersensitivity reactions by the disseminated dust. We conducted a pilot study to investigate the fungal viability of nail particles from nails with onychomycosis after abrasion procedure. Methods In this study, nail dust from the gloves and mask, used in the procedure, was collected from 9 patients with clinical and dermoscopic diagnoses of onychomycosis. Results Hyaline septate hyphae were found in 12 materials (gloves and/or masks) from 7 patients. However, these hyphae were morphologically deformed or mutilated in all exams. In Mycosel® agar, there was no growth of any fungus. Discussion/Conclusion The absence of dermatophyte isolation in all fungal cultures may demonstrate that the deformed fungal structures shown are not viable and would not present risks of contamination after nail abrasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Di Chiacchio
- Dermatology Department, Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo, Aclimaçao, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - John Verrinder Veasey
- Dermatology Department, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Vila Buarque, Brazil
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Schießl J, Uhrlaß S, Wichmann K, Wilde D, Krüger C, Nenoff P. [Trichophyton tonsurans-an emerging pathogen in wrestling in Germany]. Hautarzt 2021. [PMID: 33835190 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trichophyton (T.) tonsurans is considered as the main causative agent of tinea gladiatorum (ringworm) in contact and martial arts worldwide and regularly leads to outbreaks. In the national wrestling squad in Leipzig, dermatophytoses occurred frequently and recurrently in children and adolescents for over a 2-year period. The wrestlers came to the dermatologist's office for clinical examination and sampling. Dermal scales and hair roots as well as smears were examined mycologically with fluorescence optical preparation, fungal culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for dermatophyte DNA. Sequencing of the dermatophyte rDNA served as culture confirmation test. Environmental investigations in the wrestler training center included contact cultures and smears from surfaces, in particular from the mats. T. tonsurans was culturally and/or with PCR detectable in 21 out of 25 children and adolescents plus one trainer. T. tonsurans grew in one of ten contact cultures of mats and floors in the wrestling training center, and T. interdigitale was found in another culture. Smears from the mats resulted in a culture of T. tonsurans detection twice. The PCR was positive for T. tonsurans three times. Within 14 days, T. tonsurans developed small, flat, radiating, granular and white-colored colonies with a mahogany-brown reverse side on the fungal culture media. The sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA and the translation elongation factor 1 α (TEF 1 α) gene confirmed the species T. tonsurans in all cases. T. interdigitale that was found from a mat was also identified by sequencing. Eight T. tonsurans strains were subjected to in vitro susceptibility testing to terbinafine. All isolates were sensitive to terbinafine in vitro with minimal inhibitory concentrations of ≤ 0.1 µg/ml.
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Martínez-Herrera E, Duarte-Escalante E, Reyes-Montes MDR, Arenas R, Acosta-Altamirano G, Moreno-Coutiño G, Vite-Garín TM, Meza-Robles A, Frías-De-León MG. Molecular identification of yeasts from the order Trichosporonales causing superficial infections. Rev Iberoam Micol 2021; 38:119-124. [PMID: 33839018 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular reclassification of the order Trichosporonales placed the medically relevant Trichosporon species into three genera of the family Trichosporonaceae: Cutaneotrichosporon, Trichosporon, and Apiotrichum. From the clinical and epidemiological standpoint, it is important to identify any species of the family Trichosporonaceae because they present different antifungal susceptibility profiles. In Mexico, little is known about trichosporonosis etiology because the fungi are identified through phenotypic methods. AIMS To identify at a molecular level 12 yeast isolates morfologically compatible with Trichosporon, obtained from patients with superficial infections. METHODS The yeast isolates were obtained from patients with white piedra, onychomycosis, and hand and foot dermatomycosis, and were identified morphologically and genotypically (sequencing of the IGS1 region and phylogenetic analysis using the Maximum Likelihood Method). The phylogenetic analysis included 40 yeast sequences from the order Trichosporonales and one from Cryptococcus neoformans as outgroup. RESULTS Based on the molecular analysis, we identified three (25%) Trichosporon inkin isolates, two (16.7%) Trichosporon asteroides, two (16.7%) Cutaneotrichosporon mucoides, and one each (8.3%) of Trichosporon aquatile, Trichosporon asahii, Apiotrichum montevideense, Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum, and Cutaneotrichosporon jirovecii. CONCLUSIONS The molecular characterization of the isolates showed a broad diversity of species within the order Trichosporonales, particularly among onychomycosis. It is essential to identify these yeasts at the species level to delve into their epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Martínez-Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, Edo. Méx., Mexico
| | - Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
- Laboratorio de Micología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
| | - María Del Rocío Reyes-Montes
- Laboratorio de Micología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Roberto Arenas
- Sección de Micología, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico
| | - Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, Edo. Méx., Mexico
| | | | - Tania Mayela Vite-Garín
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de Hongos, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
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Chen YH, Chi MJ, Sun PL, Yu PH, Liu CH, Cano-Lira JF, Li WT. Histopathology, Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides from a Captive Cuban Rock Iguana (Cyclura nubila). Mycopathologia 2020; 185:1005-12. [PMID: 32794052 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chrysosporium-related fungi, the cause of superficial and deep mycoses, are an emerging infectious disease affecting not only reptiles but also immunocompromized humans. However, the information on Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides is extremely scarce. We herein characterized N. arthrosporioides isolated from a Cuban rock iguana (Cyclura nubila). Three skin ulcers were found in a Cuban rock iguana after captivity for 8 years. Microscopic examination revealed hyperplastic, hyperkeratotic, and ulcerative dermatitis coupled with numerous branched, septate fungal hyphae. The fungal culture yielded growth of zonate, felted cottony-powdery colonies with lobate margins on medium. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny tree based on the combined partial actin and partial β-tubulin genes demonstrated that current isolates were mostly close to N. arthrosporioides. Furthermore, antifungal susceptibility test demonstrated that N. arthrosporioides had lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values to isavuconazole, efinaconazole, and luliconazole, which may be the potential treatment of choice for N. arthrosporioides infection. The current study describes the first confirmed case of dermatomycosis caused by N. arthrosporioides of a captive reptile in Asia with detailed descriptions of the clinical, histopathological, and mycological features. The current findings provide new information on global distribution and host range of N. arthrosporioides and can raise the concern on the transboundary or emerging disease of N. arthrosporioides in Asian region.
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Dworecka-Kaszak B, Biegańska MJ, Dąbrowska I. Occurrence of various pathogenic and opportunistic fungi in skin diseases of domestic animals: a retrospective study. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:248. [PMID: 32680509 PMCID: PMC7367223 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal infection of animals or humans are common all over the world. Some of microorganisms like fungi, exist on the skin and can be transmitted onto other individuals, other animal species or even humans and cause skin infections. Moreover, they can be the causative agents of severe generalized infections especially in immunocompromised individuals. The study aimed to evaluate the most frequent etiological agents of skin diseases and to compare the prevalence of animal fungal infections in Poland, and to discuss the possibility of transmission to humans in Poland. Results The obtained results are culture based. The fungi most frequently isolated from group of animals with skin lesions were Malassezia pachydermatis (29.14%), and Candida yeasts (27.07%), and dermatophytes (23.5%), including Microsporum canis as majority of them (59.25%), and Trichophyton genus (40.7%), most of them T. mentagrophytes, while Malassezia pachydermatis represented (80%) of isolates in animals with otitis externa. In over 19% of positive fungal cultures obtained from external ear canals Candida yeasts, mainly C. albicans, were identified. Conclusions Dermatomycoses in companion animals are caused by both, mycelial fungi and yeasts. Most frequently isolated were Malassezia pachydermatis and Candida spp. Dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum), were also cultured, but the total number of these isolates seems to decrease. We have not found Cryptococcus neoformans in tested clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Dworecka-Kaszak
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata J Biegańska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Dąbrowska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland
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Nesseler A, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Kaerger K, Walther G, Kurzai O, Eisenberg T. Sporothrix humicola (Ascomycota: Ophiostomatales) - A soil-borne fungus with pathogenic potential in the eastern quoll ( Dasyurus viverrinus). Med Mycol Case Rep 2019; 25:39-44. [PMID: 31428554 PMCID: PMC6695275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Sporothrix contains both species pathogenic to humans and animals as well as environmental fungi. S. humicola, a member of the latter S. pallida clade, has previously been reported only from soil. We have isolated this dimorphic fungus from multiple cutaneous lesions in two endangered marsupials native to Tasmania. Clinical appearance resembled cutaneous sporotrichosis, highlighting the principle pathogenic potential. Identification was based on partial ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nesseler
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kaerger
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Grit Walther
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Kargl A, Kosse B, Uhrlaß S, Koch D, Krüger C, Eckert K, Nenoff P. [Hedgehog fungi in a dermatological office in Munich : Case reports and review]. Hautarzt 2018; 69:576-85. [PMID: 29435597 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-018-4134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Patient 1: After contact to a central European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), a 50-year-old female with atopy developed erythrosquamous tinea manus on the thumb and thenar eminence of the right hand. The patient had previously been scalded by hot steam at the affected site. The zoophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton erinacei could be cultured from the hedgehog as well as from scrapings from the woman's skin. Antifungal treatment of the hedgehog was initiated using 2 weekly cycles of itraconazole solution (0.1 ml/kg body weight, BW). In addition, every other day enilconazole solution was used for topical treatment. The patient was treated with ciclopirox olamine cream and oral terbinafine 250 mg daily for 2 weeks, which led to healing of the Tinea manus .Patient 2: An 18-year-old woman presented for emergency consultation with rimmed, papulous, vesicular and erosive crusted skin lesions of the index finger, and an erythematous dry scaling round lesion on the thigh. The patient worked at an animal care facility, specifically caring for hedgehogs. One of the hedgehogs suffered from a substantial loss of spines. Fungal cultures from skin scrapings of both lesions yielded T. erinacei. Treatment with ciclopirox olamine cream and oral terbinafine 250 mg for 14 days was initiated which led to healing of the lesions. Identification of all three T. erinacei isolates from both patients and from the hedgehog was confirmed by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA, and of the translation elongation factor (TEF)-1-alpha gene. Using ITS sequencing discrimination between T. erinacei strains from European and from African hedgehogs is possible. T. erinacei should be considered a so-called emerging pathogen. In Germany the zoophilic dermatophyte T. erinacei should be taken into account as causative agent of dermatomycoses in humans after contact to hedgehogs.
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Abstract
Tinea barbae is a rare dermatomycocis, by definition follicular bound in the beard area of adult men. Manifestation usually starts with erythema accompanied by desquamation. Deeper distribution along terminal hairs leads to folliculitis with formation of pustules and nodes as well as abscesses; fixed adherent yellowish crusts may appear. Frequently there is locoregional swelling of the lymph nodes and occasionally a deterioration of general condition with (sub)febrile temperatures. Often this leads to the initial suspected diagnosis of a bacterial folliculitis barbae or impetigo contagiosa. Tinea barbae is mostly induced by species of the genus Trichophyton (T.). The pathogens are diverse and are mostly zoophilic, sometimes anthropophilic and rarely geophilic dermatophytes. With the help of a specific anamnesis and diagnostic procedure, including mycological examinations, histology and molecular detection of dermatophytes via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), tinea barbae-in our patient induced by T. mentagrophytes-can be rapidly diagnosed. Early initiation and adequate treatment duration lead to restitutio ad integrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kirsten
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - J Haiduk
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - P Nenoff
- Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Rötha OT Mölbis, Deutschland
| | - S Uhrlaß
- Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Rötha OT Mölbis, Deutschland
| | - M Ziemer
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - J C Simon
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
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Vastarella M, Gallo L, Cantelli M, Nappa P, Fabbrocini G. An Undetected Case of Tinea Capitis in an Elderly Woman Affected by Dermatomyositis: How Trichoscopy Can Guide to the Right Diagnosis. Skin Appendage Disord 2019; 5:186-188. [PMID: 31049345 DOI: 10.1159/000495805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the skin and muscles, but may also have a systemic involvement. The frequency of scalp involvement in DM varies from 28 to 82% and is often encountered as part of a DM flare. However, it frequently presents as a treatment-resistant disease, and patients reporting no improvement with conventional therapies require further investigation. We report a case of tinea capitis (TC) in a 79-year-old woman affected by DM with scalp involvement which did not respond to conventional therapies. Thanks to trichoscopy we could detect "comma hairs," "zigzag hairs," and "pigtail hairs" at scalp examination, made the right diagnosis of TC, and instituted the best treatment without delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vastarella
- Dermatology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Gallo
- Dermatology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cantelli
- Dermatology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Nappa
- Dermatology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Dermatology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Afshar P, Larijani LV, Rouhanizadeh H. A comparison of conventional rapid methods in diagnosis of superficial and cutaneous mycoses based on KOH, Chicago sky blue 6B and calcofluor white stains. Iran J Microbiol 2018; 10:433-440. [PMID: 30873272 PMCID: PMC6414738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rapid confirmation of dermatomycoses is desirable, as it allows the clinicians to initiate appropriate therapy immediately. In this study, the utility of a novel contrast stain, Chicago sky blue stain, was compared with potassium hydroxide mount and calcofluor white stain to determine the causative fungal elements in the rapid detection method. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this survey, 189 samples of suspected dermatomycosis infections were assessed in 3 incubation times of 30 minutes, 2 hours, and > 6 hours. RESULTS Positive cases were shown in Chicago sky blue 6B (55%), calcofluor white (53.4%), and potassium hydroxide (36%), with 30-minute incubation. Positive results increased in other incubation times. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of Chicago sky blue 6B were 97%, 100%, 100%, 96% and 98% and, for potassium hydroxide, they were 66%, 98%, 97%, 98%, 80% versus CFW, respectively. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that the Chicago sky blue 6B stain is a simple, fast and cost-effective method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Afshar
- Research and Development Unit of Referral Laboratory, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Corresponding author: Parvaneh Afshar, MSc, Research and Development Unit of Referral Laboratory, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Tel/ Fax: +981133390353,
| | - Laleh Vahedi Larijani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Corresponding author: Lale Vahedi Larijani, MD, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Tel/ Fax: +981133390353,
| | - Hamed Rouhanizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Deputy of Health Management, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Nardoni S, Salvadori M, Poli A, Rocchigiani G, Mancianti F. Cutaneous lesions due to Trichosporon jirovecii in a tortoise ( Testudo hermanni). Med Mycol Case Rep 2017; 18:18-20. [PMID: 28794959 PMCID: PMC5537399 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous mycoses have been rarely reported in Chelonians. A Testudo hermanni adult male showed a thick erosion of the dorsal neck covered by necrotic material. Trichosporon sp. was cultivated, while arthrospores and hyphae were observed in histological sections. The causative agent was identified as Trichosporon jirovecii by PCR. After a surgical intervention povidone iodine and Iruxol® ointment were daily administered through the drainage for 2 weeks, along with enrofloxacin 5 mg diluted in saline 0.5 ml via the intracelomatic route. After treatment the ulcer healed with residual scars. No relapse was registered after 12 months. T. jirovecii is considered as a rare yeast pathogen and the presented case is the first report of a dermatomycosis in tortoises caused by this yeast species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Marco Salvadori
- Centro Veterinario Exotic, Via Ulisse Dini, 154, Gello, 56017 San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Rocchigiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Abstract
Dermatophytes are causing superficial mycosis in animals and humans. Depending on the geophilic, zoophilic or anthropophilic origin of the fungus but also on the immunological status of the patient, symptomatology can widely differ. Nevertheless, each species is currently associated with typical clinical manifestations, even if atypical localizations and/or clinical pictures are sometimes also reported. Diagnostic tools applied to species identification have been changing since the last two decades with the more frequent use of molecular methods currently considered nowadays as reference methods for species identification. It becomes obvious that the algorithm used for the distinction of closely related species needs to combine phenotypic and genomic methods. All these different points are discussed, and the most recent novel species causing or involved in human dermatophytosis are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Hayette
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Mycosis, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine du Sart Tilman B23, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Rosalie Sacheli
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Mycosis, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine du Sart Tilman B23, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium
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Bloch M, Cavignaux R, Debourgogne A, Dorin J, Machouart M, Contet-Audonneau N. [From guinea pig to man: Tinea outbreak due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. porcellae in pet shops in Nancy (France)]. J Mycol Med 2016; 26:227-32. [PMID: 27546890 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dermatophytes are responsible for widespread superficial fungal infections, currently representing a real public health problem. Some of the fungi involved in these mycoses are transmitted by pets, illustrating great host specificity within this fungal group. Thus, a new variety of zoophilic dermatophyte has been described in recent years by the Mycology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Nancy, within the complex T. mentagrophytes. This variant was named T. mentagrophytes var. porcellae, following the observation of a significant number of patients with dermatomycoses of exposed parts of the body and having had contact with a guinea pig. The current work follows this first description and aims to assess the frequency of T. mentagrophytes var. porcellae in guinea pigs within three pet shops in the region of Nancy (France). In total, almost two thirds of collected guinea pigs were carriers of this new dermatophyte. This study highlights the risks associated with the adaptation of dermatophytes to potential new hosts that may spread to new species. Thus, in this context, sanitary measures could be proposed to the pet shops, usually not informed of the risks facing the growing enthusiasm of the population for new pets, in order to limit contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bloch
- Structure de parasitologie-mycologie, département de microbiologie, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nancy (CHU-Nancy), hôpitaux de Brabois, 11, allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - R Cavignaux
- Clinique vétérinaire du Grémillon, 22, avenue du 69(e) Régiment d'Infanterie, 54270 Essey-lès-Nancy, France
| | - A Debourgogne
- Structure de parasitologie-mycologie, département de microbiologie, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nancy (CHU-Nancy), hôpitaux de Brabois, 11, allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - J Dorin
- Structure de parasitologie-mycologie, département de microbiologie, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nancy (CHU-Nancy), hôpitaux de Brabois, 11, allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - M Machouart
- Structure de parasitologie-mycologie, département de microbiologie, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nancy (CHU-Nancy), hôpitaux de Brabois, 11, allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - N Contet-Audonneau
- Structure de parasitologie-mycologie, département de microbiologie, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nancy (CHU-Nancy), hôpitaux de Brabois, 11, allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Shokri H, Khosravi AR. An epidemiological study of animals dermatomycoses in Iran. J Mycol Med 2016; 26:170-7. [PMID: 27180290 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the fungal species isolated from skin lesions of different animals suspected of having dermatomycoses and their prevalence in different regions of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1011 animals (292 dogs, 229 cats, 168 horses, 100 camels, 98 cows, 60 squirrels, 37 birds, 15 sheep, 6 goats, 5 rabbits and 1 fox) suspected of having dermatomycoses were examined. The samples were obtained by plucking the hairs and feathers with forceps around the affected area and scraping the epidermal scales with a sterile scalpel blade. All collected samples were analyzed by direct microscopy and culture. Laboratory identification of the fungal isolates was based on their colonial, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. RESULTS Fungal agents were recovered from 553 (54.7%) animals suspected of having dermatomycoses. Of 553 confirmed cases, 255 (49.7%) were positive for dermatophytosis, 251 (45.4%) for Malassezia dermatitis, 14 (2.5%) for candidiasis, 12 (2.2%) for aspergillosis and 1 (0.2%) for zygomycosis. Cats (36.3%) were the most prevalent infected animals, followed by camels (13.4%), dogs (12.8%), horses (12.5%), cows (12.3%), squirrels (5.4%), birds (3.6%), sheep (2%), goats (1.1%), rabbits (0.4%) and fox (0.2%). Microsporum canis (M. canis) was the most frequent fungus isolated from dogs and fox, Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) from cats, horses and squirrels, Trichophyton verrucosum (T. verrucosum) from cows and camels, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes from sheep, goats and rabbits, and Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) from birds. CONCLUSION The results suggested that periodic screening of animals suspected of having dermatomycoses and necessary treatments could help in the management of their public health problem.
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Gómez-Moyano E, Hiraldo Gamero A, Vera Casaño Á, Crespo Erchiga V, González Enseñat MA, Vicente Villa MA, Zsolt Fradera I, Moreno Giménez JC. [Phase III study of the efficacy and safety of ciclopirox olamine cream in small children with dermatomycosis]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2015; 32:164-9. [PMID: 25728876 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scarce information on the use of ciclopirox olamine in children. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ciclopirox olamine cream 1% for the treatment of dermatomycosis in pediatric patients. METHODS A multicenter, non-randomized, open-label, phase iii study was conducted on patients aged 3 months to 9 years diagnosed with dermatomycosis confirmed by direct microscopy and culture, and treated with ciclopirox olamine cream 1% for 28 days. Clinical and microbiological evaluations were performed before starting the treatment therapy, at 7, 14 and 28 days after starting the treatment, and 28 days after its completion. RESULTS Twenty-one patients with a median age of 2.7 years (range 3 months-9 years) were included. The most frequent mycosis location was the inguinal region (72%). The most frequently isolated etiological agent was Candida spp. (71%). No adverse events were reported in 62% of the patients. Among the mild and moderate reported adverse events, only one, irritative dermatitis, was considered as possibly related to the treatment. Safety evaluation was excellent in 95% of the patients, and good in 5%. After the first week of treatment, 12 patients out of 13 (92%) showed a clinical improvement, and 5 out of 7 (71%) had both clinical and mycological improvements. At the end of the treatment, clinical cure was observed in 7 out of 9 patients (78%). No relapses occurred. CONCLUSIONS Ciclopirox olamine cream 1% is a safe and feasible treatment for superficial cutaneous mycotic infections, especially Candida spp. infection, in children aged between 3 months and 10 years.
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Hube B, Hay R, Brasch J, Veraldi S, Schaller M. Dermatomycoses and inflammation: The adaptive balance between growth, damage, and survival. J Mycol Med 2015; 25:e44-58. [PMID: 25662199 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dermatomycosis is characterized by both superficial and subcutaneous infections of keratinous tissues and mucous membranes caused by a variety of fungal agents, the two most common classes being dermatophytes and yeasts. Overall, the stepwise process of host infection is similar among the main dermatomycotic species; however, the species-specific ability to elicit a host reaction upon infection is distinct. Yeasts such as Candida albicans elicit a relatively low level of host tissue damage and inflammation during pathogenic infection, while dermatophytes may induce a higher level of tissue damage and inflammatory reaction. Both pathogens can, however, manipulate the host's immune response, ensuring survival and prolonging chronic infection. One common element of most dermatomycotic infections is the disease burden caused by inflammation and associated signs and symptoms, such as erythema, burning and pruritus. There is a strong clinical rationale for the addition of a topical corticosteroid agent to an effective antimycotic therapy, especially in patients who present with inflammatory dermatomycoses (e.g., tinea inguinalis). In this review, we aim to compare the pathogenesis of common dermatomycotic species, including Candida yeasts (Candida albicans), dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Epidermophyton or Microsporum species), and other pathogenic yeasts (Malassezia), with a special focus on unique species-specific aspects of the respective infection processes, the interaction between essential aspects of pathogenic infection, the different roles of the host inflammatory response, and the clinical consequences of the infection-related tissue damage and inflammation. We hope that a broader understanding of the various mechanisms of dermatomycoses may contribute to more effective management of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - R Hay
- Skin Infection Clinic, Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Brasch
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - S Veraldi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Physiopathology and Transplantations, University of Milan, I.R.C.C.S. Foundation, Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Brás S, Sabino R, Laureano A, Simões H, Fernandes C, Marques-Pinto G, Cardoso J, Veríssimo C. Cutaneous infection by different Alternaria species in a liver transplant recipient. Med Mycol Case Rep 2015; 8:1-4. [PMID: 25750855 PMCID: PMC4348454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal invasive infections are rare in general population but are an emergent cause of infection in the immunocompromized population, especially in the solid organ transplant recipients. Herein the authors report a clinical case of a liver transplanted patient suffering a cutaneous co-existent infection with A. alternata as well as A. infectoria. To our knowledge this is the first case of cutaneous concomitant infection due to those two species reported not only in Portugal but also worldwide. The patient was treated with surgical excision of the lesions and oral itraconazol without relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Brás
- Departement of Dermatology and Venereology, Curry Cabral Hospital - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raquel Sabino
- Laboratório Nacional de Referência de Infecções Parasitárias e Fúngicas, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André Laureano
- Departement of Dermatology and Venereology, Curry Cabral Hospital - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Simões
- Laboratório Nacional de Referência de Infecções Parasitárias e Fúngicas, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cândida Fernandes
- Departement of Dermatology and Venereology, Curry Cabral Hospital - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Marques-Pinto
- Departement of Dermatology and Venereology, Curry Cabral Hospital - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Cardoso
- Departement of Dermatology and Venereology, Curry Cabral Hospital - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Veríssimo
- Laboratório Nacional de Referência de Infecções Parasitárias e Fúngicas, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
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Renč A. Is fungal foot infection the initiating and maintaining cause of knee osteoarthritis? Mycoses 2013; 56:631-7. [PMID: 23560598 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
So far fungal foot infection (FFI) has been considered as troubling, however, not dangerous, by the general public as well as doctors. Nevertheless, new immunology information and anatomy dispositions led us to the distinct suspicions. We propose a FFI-induced knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) model. We suppose repeated recurrences of fungal foot disease to be the initiating immunology impulse. The aim of the work is to introduce a new model and to determine antigen epitopes initiating and maintaining the knee OA using computer simulation. Freely accessible immunological databases and servers were used in this search. Presentable antigen epitopes in Trichophyton rubrum dermatophyte products were identified for molecules of the six most abundant alleles of DRB1 locus of human major histocompatibility complex. Subsequently, similar sequences in human joint peptides (collagens, aggrecan and others) were matched to these antigen epitopes by a comparative program. A number of pairs with very similar fungal and joint peptide sequences, supposed to initiate and maintain the knee OA antigen epitopes, were found. A FFI-induced knee joint OA model is shown to the medical community which can initiate further discussion, research and practical verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnošt Renč
- Internal Department, Hospital Žatec o.p.s., Žatec, Czech Republic
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Gokhale S, Haider K, Arora PN, Ohri VC. DERMATOPHYTOSIS AND DERMATOMYCOSIS IN PUNE. Med J Armed Forces India 1999; 55:13-15. [PMID: 28775555 PMCID: PMC5531729 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatophytosis and dermatomycosis in patients reporting to Command Hospital (SC) were studied over a period of 3 years. A total of 126 cases were investigated. Commonest clinical diagnosis was tinea corporis (39.68%) followed by onychomycosis (20.63%). Some patients had infections of multiple sites. Direct examination under KOH and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) revealed fungal elements in 43 (34.12%) cases. Fungi were isolated from 44 (34.92%) cases. Commonly isolated fungi were Candida albicans 11 (25%), Trichophyton spp 8 (18.18%), Microsporum audouinii 2(4.55%) and Epidermophyton floccosum 1(2.27%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gokhale
- Classified Specialist (Path & Micro), Military Hospital Bareilly
| | - Kts Haider
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, New Delhi
| | - P N Arora
- DDG (Prov), Office of DGAFMS, New Delhi, Former Professor & Head, Department of Dermatology, Leperology & Venerology
| | - V C Ohri
- Commandant, 167 Military Hospital, C/o 56 APO
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