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Alamooti A, Colombano S, Shoker A, Ahmadi-Sénichault A, Lion F, Cazaux D, Marion C, Lagron J, Sawadogo I, Davarzani D. Enhancing remediation of residual DNAPL in multilayer aquifers: Post-injection of alcohol-surfactant-polymer mixtures. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170680. [PMID: 38325464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Although polymer-surfactant injection is an effective remediation technology for multilayer aquifers contaminated by Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPL), the existence of residual DNAPL after treatment is inevitable. This study evaluates the efficiency of the post-injection of alcohol-surfactant-polymer (ASP) mixtures containing 1-propanol/1-hexanol, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and xanthan in enhancing remediation of residual DNAPL in layered systems. A range of experimental devices, including batch, rheological measurements, centimetric 1D column, and decametric 2D tank experiments, were employed. Batch experiments revealed that the inclusion of 1-hexanol swelled the DNAPL volume due to alcohol partitioning. Conversely, with only 1-propanol present in the alcohol-surfactant (AS) mixture, DNAPL dissolved in the aqueous phase. The co-presence of 1-hexanol along with 1-propanol in AS mixture favored 1-propanol's partitioning into the DNAPL phase. Column experiments, following primary xanthan-SDBS (XS) injections, demonstrated that ASP mixtures with 1-hexanol (regardless of presence of 1-propanol) underwent a mobilization mechanism. DNAPL appeared in the effluent as an organic phase after the post-injection of 0.3 pore-volumes (PV), by a reduction trend in its density. In contrast, mixtures with solely 1-propanol exhibited a solubilization mechanism, with DNAPL dissolving in the aqueous phase and emerging in the effluent after approximately 1 PV. 2D tank experiments visualized mobilization and solubilization mechanisms in multilayered systems. Post-injection of the ASP mixture with solely 1-propanol led to DNAPL solubilization, demonstrated by a dark zone of varied DNAPL concentrations, followed by a clearer white zone indicating significant DNAPL dissolution. Injecting ASP mixture containing both 1-propanol and 1-hexanol mobilized swollen DNAPL ganglia throughout layers, with these droplets coalescing and migrating to the recovery point. The darkness of mobilized droplets was faded as more DNAPL was recovered. The solubilization ASP mixture enhanced the recovery factor by 0.02 while the mobilization ASP mixture led to a 0.08 increase in the recovery factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Alamooti
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans 45000, France; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; ADEME (Agence de la transition écologique), Angers 49004, France.
| | | | - Abbas Shoker
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans 45000, France
| | | | - Fabien Lion
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans 45000, France
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Wu P, Sun X, Hao N, Wang L, Huang J, Tang J. Facile In-Situ photocatalytic reduction of AuNPs on multilayer Core-Shell Fe 3O 4@SiO 2@PDA magnetic nanostructures and their SERS application. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 302:123101. [PMID: 37423099 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a promising analytical technique for the rapid, sensitive, and repeatable detection in various SERS application fields. Herein, a new type of potential magnetically recyclable SERS substrate was designed and rapidly synthesized via a facile three-step template method. First, the magnetic ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) cores were prepared by a convenient solvothermal approach, and coated with a thin layer of silica by a sol-gel process in order to improve their stability in complicated environments. Next, the negatively charged polydopamine (PDA)/K6[SiW11VIVO40]·7H2O (PDA/SiW11V) outer shell was assembled upon the magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles via a layer-by-layer sequential adsorption process using the stickiness of PDA. The SiW11V multilayer shell can be used as the subsequent photocatalytic reduction precursors for the in-situ loading of high-density gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), without any other organic additives. The AuNPs decorated multilayer core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2@PDA magnetic nanostructures were employed as a potential magnetically recyclable SERS substrate, and showed excellent SERS performance. Using crystal violet (CV) as a model target, the as-fabricated AuNPs modified multilayer core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2@PDA magnetic nanostructures SERS substrates exhibited significant enhancement, and pushed the detection limit down to 10-12 M. Aside from the ultrahigh sensitivity, these SERS substrates also possess an excellent reproducibility (relative standard deviation (RSD) ∼ 8.3%), long-term stability (75 days), and unique chemical stability capability in different organic solvents and different environments with pH ≤ 10. Furthermore, a real-life application is also performed by the detection of melamine in spiked milk solution using the as-prepared magnetic nanostructures SERS-active substrates (limit of detection (LOD), 10-8 M). These results highlight that the rational design and controllable synthesis of multifunctional magnetic SERS substrates is a promising strategy in many different application fields such as biosensing, photoelectrocatalysis, and medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nana Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjiang Tang
- School of Materials Engineering, Xi'an Aeronautical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi, China.
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Pereira RM, Moreira Bastos Campos T, Augusto Bonfante E, Patrocínio Thim G. A comparative study of mechanical properties of yttria stabilized zirconia monolithic and bilayer configuration for dental application. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 148:106160. [PMID: 37832171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Zirconia multilayer presents promising prospects, but there is scarce information about its microstructural and mechanical characterization. Therefore, this study sought to produce them in-house and to perform their characterization by comprising four groups of specimens to assess the biaxial flexural strength, microhardness, fracture toughness, phase characterization and quantification, fractography, and microstructural features. Weibull analysis was performed to determine the Weibull modulus and characteristic strength. The results showed that bilayers 3YSZ and 5YSZ presented intermediate mechanical properties when compared to 3YSZ and 5YSZ monolithic controls (680 MPa, 464 MPa, 885 MPa, 594 MPa, respectively). Fractographic analysis revealed that the failure origin was not at the interface in the bilayer groups, but residual stress was present between the layers. Hardness and fracture toughness were not affected by the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Monteiro Pereira
- Laboratory of Plasma and Process, Technological Institute of Aeronautics, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50, Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Laboratory of Plasma and Process, Technological Institute of Aeronautics, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50, Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil
| | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio Thim
- Laboratory of Plasma and Process, Technological Institute of Aeronautics, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50, Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil
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Gruppuso M, Turco G, Marsich E, Porrelli D. Antibacterial and bioactive multilayer electrospun wound dressings based on hyaluronic acid and lactose-modified chitosan. Biomater Adv 2023; 154:213613. [PMID: 37666062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial multilayer electrospun matrices based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and a lactose-modified chitosan (CTL) were synthetized (i) by combining electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and polysaccharidic matrices in a bilayer device and (ii) by sequentially coating the PCL mat with CTL and HA. In both cases, the antibacterial activity was provided by loading rifampicin within the PCL support. All matrices disclosed suitable morphology and physicochemical properties to be employed as wound dressings. Indeed, both the bilayer and coated fibers showed an optimal swelling capacity (3426 ± 492 % and 1435 ± 251 % after 7 days, respectively) and water vapor permeability (160 ± 0.78 g/m2h and 170 ± 12 g/m2h at 7 days, respectively). On the other hand, the polysaccharidic dressings were completely wettable in the presence of various types of fluids. Depending on the preparation method, a different release of both polysaccharides and rifampicin was detected, and the immediate polysaccharide dissolution from the bilayer structure impacted the antibiotic release (42 ± 4 % from the bilayer structure against 25 ± 2 % from the coated fibers in 4 h). All the multilayer matrices, regardless of their production strategy and composition, revealed optimal biocompatibility and bioactivity with human dermal fibroblasts, as the released bioactive polysaccharides induced a faster wound closure in the cell monolayer (100 % in 24 h) compared to the controls (78 ± 8 % for untreated cells and 89 ± 5 % for cells treated with PCL alone, after 24 h). The inhibitory and bactericidal effects of the rifampicin loaded matrices were assessed on S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial matrices were found to be highly effective except for E. coli, which was more resistant even at higher amounts of rifampicin, with a bacterial concentration of 6.4 ± 0.4 log CFU/mL and 6.8 ± 0.3 log CFU/mL after 4 h in the presence of the rifampicin-loaded bilayer and coated matrices, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gruppuso
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Turco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Davide Porrelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
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Lizano P, Kiely C, Mijalkov M, Meda SA, Keedy SK, Hoang D, Zeng V, Lutz O, Pereira JB, Ivleva EI, Volpe G, Xu Y, Lee AM, Rubin LH, Kristian Hill S, Clementz BA, Tamminga CA, Pearlson GD, Sweeney JA, Gershon ES, Keshavan MS, Bishop JR. Peripheral inflammatory subgroup differences in anterior Default Mode network and multiplex functional network topology are associated with cognition in psychosis. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:3-15. [PMID: 37506949 PMCID: PMC10592140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-inflammation subgroups of patients with psychosis demonstrate cognitive deficits and neuroanatomical alterations. Systemic inflammation assessed using IL-6 and C-reactive protein may alter functional connectivity within and between resting-state networks, but the cognitive and clinical implications of these alterations remain unknown. We aim to determine the relationships of elevated peripheral inflammation subgroups with resting-state functional networks and cognition in psychosis spectrum disorders. METHODS Serum and resting-state fMRI were collected from psychosis probands (schizophrenia, schizoaffective, psychotic bipolar disorder) and healthy controls (HC) from the B-SNIP1 (Chicago site) study who were stratified into inflammatory subgroups based on factor and cluster analyses of 13 cytokines (HC Low n = 32, Proband Low n = 65, Proband High n = 29). Nine resting-state networks derived from independent component analysis were used to assess functional and multilayer connectivity. Inter-network connectivity was measured using Fisher z-transformation of correlation coefficients. Network organization was assessed by investigating networks of positive and negative connections separately, as well as investigating multilayer networks using both positive and negative connections. Cognition was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Linear regressions, Spearman correlations, permutations tests and multiple comparison corrections were used for analyses in R. RESULTS Anterior default mode network (DMNa) connectivity was significantly reduced in the Proband High compared to Proband Low (Cohen's d = -0.74, p = 0.002) and HC Low (d = -0.85, p = 0.0008) groups. Inter-network connectivity between the DMNa and the right-frontoparietal networks was lower in Proband High compared to Proband Low (d = -0.66, p = 0.004) group. Compared to Proband Low, the Proband High group had lower negative (d = 0.54, p = 0.021) and positive network (d = 0.49, p = 0.042) clustering coefficient, and lower multiplex network participation coefficient (d = -0.57, p = 0.014). Network findings in high inflammation subgroups correlate with worse verbal fluency, verbal memory, symbol coding, and overall cognition. CONCLUSION These results expand on our understanding of the potential effects of peripheral inflammatory signatures and/or subgroups on network dysfunction in psychosis and how they relate to worse cognitive performance. Additionally, the novel multiplex approach taken in this study demonstrated how inflammation may disrupt the brain's ability to maintain healthy co-activation patterns between the resting-state networks while inhibiting certain connections between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Lizano
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Translational Neuroscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chelsea Kiely
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mite Mijalkov
- Neuro Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shashwath A Meda
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dung Hoang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Lutz
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joana B Pereira
- Neuro Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Elena I Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Physics Department, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yanxun Xu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam M Lee
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Kristian Hill
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elliot S Gershon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Rolon-Mérette D, Rolon-Mérette T, Chartier S. A multilayered bidirectional associative memory model for learning nonlinear tasks. Neural Netw 2023; 167:244-265. [PMID: 37660673 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A multilayered bidirectional associative memory neural network is proposed to account for learning nonlinear types of association. The model (denoted as the MF-BAM) is composed of two modules, the Multi-Feature extracting bidirectional associative memory (MF), which contains various unsupervised network layers, and a modified Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM), which consists of a single supervised network layer. The MF generates successive feature patterns from the original inputs. These patterns change the relationship between the inputs and targets in a way that the BAM can learn. The model was tested on different nonlinear tasks, such as the N-bit, Double Moon and its variants, and the 3-class spiral task. Behaviors were reported through learning errors, decision zones, and recall performances. Results showed that it was possible to learn all tasks consistently. By manipulating the number of units per layer and the number of unsupervised network layers in the MF, it was possible to change the level of nonlinearity observed in the decision boundaries. Furthermore, results indicated that different behaviors were achieved from the same set of inputs by using the different generated patterns. These findings are significant as they showed how a BAM-inspired model could solve nonlinear tasks in a more cognitively plausible fashion.
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Alfahed BA, Alayad AS. Influence of Layer and Sintering Temperature on the Optical Properties of Multilayered Zirconia Materials. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2023; 31:308-320. [PMID: 37194670 DOI: 10.1922/ejprd_2508alfahed12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the translucency and color difference of the individual layers of two multi-layered zirconia materials at different sintering temperatures and to compare them with lithium disilicate. METHODS Multi-layered zirconia systems with four distinct layers were selected for this study: DD cube ONE ML (4Y-TZP), DD cubeX2 ML (5Y-TZP); and compared with IPS e.max CAD HT (LS2). Plate-shaped A2-shade specimens were obtained from LS2 and individual layers of both zirconia materials. Individual layers were then divided equally into three different sintering temperatures:1300°C, 1450°C, and 1600°C. The TP and ΔE were determined by a spectrophotometer. SEM images were taken. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software with a p-value ⟨0.05. RESULTS A significant difference was found in TP and ΔE values amongst all types of ceramic materials. Different sintering temperatures yielded distinct TP and ΔE values when both zirconia materials were tested and compared with LS2. Finally, TP and ΔE values were different amongst the zirconia layers. CONCLUSION Sintering temperature, type of ceramic material and different zirconia layers significantly affected the optical properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Multi-layered zirconia materials possess a unique gradient effect that could efficiently enhance the esthetics of monolithic zirconia restorations. However, the sintering condition should be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Alfahed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S Alayad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Gupta R, Ghosh SK. Discerning perturbed assembly of lipids in a model membrane in presence of violacein: Effects of membrane hydrophobicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2023; 1865:184130. [PMID: 36764473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
For the lack of effective antibiotics towards antibiotic resisting bacteria, it is required to discover new antibiotics and to understand their antimicrobial mechanism. Violacein is a violet pigment found in several gram-negative bacteria possessing antimicrobial properties to gram-positive bacteria. This present article investigates the insertion ability of this molecule into a model membrane composed of zwitterionic phospholipids. Thermodynamic characterization of lipid monolayers in the presence of violacein was carried out using a single lipid layer formed at air-water interface. The molecule inserts into the layer altering the area occupied by each lipid and the in-plane compressibility of the film. This insertion increases with the hydrophobic chain length of the lipid. The perturbed self-assembly of lipids in a bilayer is quantified using a lipid multilayer system applying the X-ray reflectivity technique. The electron density profile from the reflectivity data shows that the molecule inserts into the fluid phase creating a relatively ordered chain conformation. Further, the insertion into the gel phase is observed to increase with the increased thickness of the hydrophobic core of a bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Gupta
- Department of Physics, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Sajal K Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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Campbell J, Taghavi A, Preis A, Martin S, Skirtach AG, Franke J, Volodkin D, Vikulina A. Spontaneous shrinkage drives macromolecule encapsulation into layer-by-layer assembled biopolymer microgels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:12-22. [PMID: 36577351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Recently, the anomalous shrinkage of surface-supported hyaluronate/poly-l-lysine (HA/PLL) microgels (µ-gels), which exceeds that reported for any other multilayer-based systems, has been reported [1]. The current study investigates the capability of these unique µ-gels for the encapsulation and retention of macromolecules, and proposes the shrinkage-driven assembly of biopolymer-based µ-gels as a novel tool for one-step surface biofunctionalization. EXPERIMENTS A set of dextrans (DEX) and their charged derivatives - carboxymethyl (CM)-DEX and diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-DEX - has been utilized to evaluate the effects of macromolecular mass and net charge on µ-gel shrinkage and macromolecule entrapment. µ-gels formation on the surface of silicone catheters exemplifies their potential to tailor biointerfaces. FINDINGS Shrinkage-driven µ-gel formation strongly depends on the net charge and mass content of encapsulated macromolecules. Inclusion of neutral DEX decreases the degree of shrinkage several times, whilst charged DEXs adopt to the backbone of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, resulting in shrinkage comparable to that of non-loaded µ-gels. Retention of CM-DEX in µ-gels is significantly higher compared to DEAE-DEX. These insights into the mechanisms of macromolecular entrapment into biopolymer-based µ-gels promotes fundamental understanding of molecular dynamics within the multilayer assemblies. Organization of biodegradable µ-gels at biomaterial surfaces opens avenues for their further exploitation in a diverse array of bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom; Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Straße 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany
| | - Aaron Taghavi
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Preis
- Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems (FAPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 7-9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sina Martin
- Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems (FAPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 7-9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jörg Franke
- Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems (FAPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 7-9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna Vikulina
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr.-Mack-Straße 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany.
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Inokoshi M, Liu H, Yoshihara K, Yamamoto M, Tonprasong W, Benino Y, Minakuchi S, Vleugels J, Van Meerbeek B, Zhang F. Layer characteristics in strength-gradient multilayered yttria-stabilized zirconia. Dent Mater 2023; 39:430-441. [PMID: 36914432 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate crystallography, translucency, phase content, microstructure and flexural strength of two commercial strength-gradient multilayered dental zirconia grades. METHODS Two zirconia grades, i.e., KATANA Zirconia YML (Kuraray Noritake; referred to as "YML"; composed of four layers: enamel, body 1-3) and IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime (Ivoclar Vivadent; referred to as "Prime"; composed of three layers: enamel, transition, body) were investigated. Fully sintered square-shaped zirconia specimens from each layer were prepared. Microstructure, chemical composition, translucency parameter and zirconia-phase composition of each layer were characterized. Four-point and biaxial flexural strength of each layer was measured using fully sintered bar- and square-shaped specimens. Square-shaped samples were used to measure strength across the layers. RESULTS For both multilayer zirconia grades, the 'enamel' layer contains a higher amount of c-ZrO2, which resulted in higher translucency but lower flexural strength than the 'body' layers. The characteristic 4-point flexural strength of the YML 'body 2' (923 MPa) and 'body 3' (911 MPa) layers, and of the Prime 'body' (989 MPa) layer were comparable and higher than for the YML 'enamel' (634 MPa), Prime 'transition' (693 MPa) and 'enamel' (535 MPa) layers. The biaxial strength of specimens sectioned across the layers was in-between that of the 'enamel' and 'body' layers for both YML and Prime, implying the interfaces did not form a weak link. SIGNIFICANCE The difference in yttria content affects the phase composition and mechanical properties of each layer of the multi-layer zirconia. The strength-gradient approach allowed to integrate monoliths with irreconcilable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanao Inokoshi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Hengyi Liu
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health Research Institute, 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mao Yamamoto
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Watcharapong Tonprasong
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Benino
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, 1 Chome-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Jef Vleugels
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Blok a - Box 7001, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fei Zhang
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Blok a - Box 7001, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Strasser T, Wertz M, Koenig A, Koetzsch T, Rosentritt M. Microstructure, composition, and flexural strength of different layers within zirconia materials with strength gradient. Dent Mater 2023; 39:463-468. [PMID: 36907821 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare composition, microstructure, and mechanical strength of current multilayer zirconia blanks. METHODS Bar shaped specimens were made from several layers of multilayer zirconia blanks (Cercon ht ML, Dentsply Sirona, US; Katana Zirconia YML, Kuraray, J;SHOFU Disk ZR Lucent Supra, Shofu, J; priti multidisc ZrO2 Multi Translucent, Pritidenta, D; IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime, Ivoclar Vivadent, FL). Flexural strength was determined in a three-point bending test on extra-thin bars. X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement was used to assess crystal structure and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging to visualize the microstructure of each material and layer. RESULTS Mean flexural strength varied between 467.5 ± 97.5 MPa (top layer, IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime) and 898.0 ± 188.5 MPa (bottom layer, Cercon ht ML) with significant (p ≤ 0.055) differences between the individual layers. XRD indicated 5Y-TZP for enamel-layers, 3Y-TZP for dentine-layers, individual mixtures of 3Y-TZP, 4Y-TZP, or 5 Y-TZP for intermediate layers. SEM analysis showed grain sizes between approx. 0.15 and 4 µm. Grain size tended to decrease from top to bottom layers. SIGNIFICANCE The investigated blanks differ predominantly in the intermediate layers. In addition to dimensioning of restorations, the milling position in the blanks must also be taken into account when using multilayer zirconia as restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Strasser
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Wertz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Material Sciences, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Koenig
- Department of Prosthodontics and Material Sciences, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Koetzsch
- Institute of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Wu C, Fu T, Chen X, Xiao J, Ai D, Fan J, Lin Y, Song H, Yang J. Automatic spatial calibration of freehand ultrasound probe with a multilayer N-wire phantom. Ultrasonics 2023; 128:106862. [PMID: 36240539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The classic N-wire phantom has been widely used in the calibration of freehand ultrasound probes. One of the main challenges of the phantom is accurately identifying N-fiducials in ultrasound images, especially with multiple N-wire structures. In this study, a method using a multilayer N-wire phantom for the automatic spatial calibration of ultrasound images is proposed. All dots in the ultrasound image are segmented, scored, and classified according to the unique geometric features of the multilayer N-wire phantom. A recognition method for identifying N-fiducials from the dots is proposed for calibrating the spatial transformation of the ultrasound probe. At depths of 9, 11, 13, and 15 cm, the reconstruction error of 50 points is 1.24 ± 0.16, 1.09 ± 0.06, 0.95 ± 0.08, 1.02 ± 0.05 mm, respectively. The reconstruction mockup test shows that the distance accuracy is 1.11 ± 0.82 mm at a depth of 15 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianyu Fu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Danni Ai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingfan Fan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yucong Lin
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Song
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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13
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Kolar M, Drobnič M. Multilayered biomimetic scaffolds for cartilage repair of the talus. A systematic review of the literature. Foot Ankle Surg 2023; 29:2-8. [PMID: 36379845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was to analyze the available evidence in the literature on the clinical and radiological outcomes of multilayered biomimetic scaffolds in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs). DESIGN A systematic search was performed in three databases to identify clinical trials, where the multilayered biomimetic scaffolds were used for the treatment of OLTs. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Qualitative analysis of the relevant data of the included studies was executed. The methodological quality of the analyzed studies was assessed with a modified Coleman Methodology Score (CMS). RESULTS A total of 10 studies with 87 patients were included in the analysis. Only three multilayered biomimetic scaffolds have been investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of OLTs. The worst clinical and radiological outcomes, as well as safety profile were observed for the TruFit scaffold (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA, USA), which had already been withdrawn from the market. The other two scaffolds (MaioRegen, Finceramica, Italy; Agili-C, Cartiheal, Israel) performed significantly better in the majority of the reviewed studies, especially in the clinical aspect. The radiological findings, the improvements of MOCART scores, the completeness of lesions' fill, and the structure of regenerated tissue were much more inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Two of the multilayered biomimetic scaffolds demonstrated an adequate potential in the treatment of complex OLTs. However, limited studies availability and their low level of medical evidence request further high-level investigations before the clinical decision making for such scaffolds in the treatment of OLTs can be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Kolar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Matej Drobnič
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Gu L, Li B, Ming D. A multilayer dynamic perturbation analysis method for predicting ligand-protein interactions. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:456. [PMID: 36324073 PMCID: PMC9628359 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligand-protein interactions play a key role in defining protein function, and detecting natural ligands for a given protein is thus a very important bioengineering task. In particular, with the rapid development of AI-based structure prediction algorithms, batch structural models with high reliability and accuracy can be obtained at low cost, giving rise to the urgent requirement for the prediction of natural ligands based on protein structures. In recent years, although several structure-based methods have been developed to predict ligand-binding pockets and ligand-binding sites, accurate and rapid methods are still lacking, especially for the prediction of ligand-binding regions and the spatial extension of ligands in the pockets. RESULTS In this paper, we proposed a multilayer dynamics perturbation analysis (MDPA) method for predicting ligand-binding regions based solely on protein structure, which is an extended version of our previously developed fast dynamic perturbation analysis (FDPA) method. In MDPA/FDPA, ligand binding tends to occur in regions that cause large changes in protein conformational dynamics. MDPA, examined using a standard validation dataset of ligand-protein complexes, yielded an averaged ligand-binding site prediction Matthews coefficient of 0.40, with a prediction precision of at least 50% for 71% of the cases. In particular, for 80% of the cases, the predicted ligand-binding region overlaps the natural ligand by at least 50%. The method was also compared with other state-of-the-art structure-based methods. CONCLUSIONS MDPA is a structure-based method to detect ligand-binding regions on protein surface. Our calculations suggested that a range of spaces inside the protein pockets has subtle interactions with the protein, which can significantly impact on the overall dynamics of the protein. This work provides a valuable tool as a starting point upon which further docking and analysis methods can be used for natural ligand detection in protein functional annotation. The source code of MDPA method is freely available at: https://github.com/mingdengming/mdpa .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gu
- grid.412022.70000 0000 9389 5210College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Biotech Building Room B1-404, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, 211816 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- grid.412022.70000 0000 9389 5210College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Biotech Building Room B1-404, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, 211816 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Dengming Ming
- grid.412022.70000 0000 9389 5210College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Biotech Building Room B1-404, 30 South Puzhu Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, 211816 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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15
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Wu Y, Wu J, Mei C, Yang R, He W, Li X, Cai L, Guo M, Li J, Xia C. Thermal and flame-retardant properties of multilayered composites prepared through novel multilayering approach. Environ Res 2022; 213:113724. [PMID: 35732201 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermal and flame-retardant properties of traditional composites have limitations that are not satisfied for the various applications. Multilayered materials have great potential to improve material properties. The present paper focused on designing new multilayering approach to fabricate flame retardant multilayered materials with a very basic instrument and several simple steps. Montmorillonite nanoparticles filled maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene composites were prepared by the melt-blending method, and the multilayered composites with polypropylene alternating multilayers were fabricated by the quadruple-layering approach. The multilayer structure was characterized by the scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer. The influence of layer structure on the thermal stability, thermal conductivity and flame-retardant properties was investigated by the comparison with the conventional composites. Multilayered composites showed enhanced flame-retardant properties with lower peak heat release rate and better char formation compared to conventional composites with the same mass fraction of montmorillonite. Multilayered composites had higher mass fraction of montmorillonite in filled layers and no fillers in other layers, which caused the unequal distribution of montmorillonite, resulting in changes of thermal and flame-retardant properties of the materials especially in the perpendicular direction to the film surface. This study demonstrates a unique multilayering approach that has potential to be used in variety applications such as food and medical packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Changtong Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Wen He
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Liping Cai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Ming Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China; DeHua TB New Decoration Materials Co., Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313200, China
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China; DeHua TB New Decoration Materials Co., Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313200, China.
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Bulaïd Y, Djebara AE, Belhaouane R, Havet E, Dehl M, Mertl P. Beneficial effect of a zirconium-nitride-coated implant in total knee arthroplasty revision for suspected metal hypersensitivity. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022; 108:103320. [PMID: 35577273 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Revision of total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) for suspicion of metal hypersensitivity (MHS) may require hypoallergenic implants. Results for coated implants have not been reported. The aim of the present study was to assess short-term results and survival of rTKA for MHS using a multilayer implant coating. HYPOTHESIS Multilayer implant coating improves functional results in rTKA, with survival comparable to primary coated implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS A single-center retrospective observational study included 28 patients (30 knees) undergoing rTKA for MHS using a coated implant between May 2011 and November 2016. Exclusion criteria comprised implant malpositioning and history of infection in the affected knee. Clinical and radiological results were assessed on the International Knee Society (IKS) and SF-36 functional scores and Ewald radiological score. Survival was calculated on Kaplan-Meier estimation. RESULTS Mean follow-up was 3.8 years. Mean IKS score increased by 40.2 points (40%) [range, 28.1-52.3] (p<0.05). Mean range of motion increased by 17° [range, 9.5-24.5°] (p<0.05). Mean physical and mental SF-36 components were respectively 44.7 and 46.1. Survivorship was 93%. DISCUSSION There was significant functional improvement after rTKA for MHS. There were no short-term complications related to the zirconium nitrate coating. However, studies with longer follow-up will be needed for confirmation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV; retrospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Bulaïd
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France
| | - Az-Eddine Djebara
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France.
| | - Ramy Belhaouane
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France
| | - Eric Havet
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France
| | - Massinissa Dehl
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France
| | - Patrice Mertl
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80480, Salouël, France
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17
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Eslami H, Grady M, Mekonnen TH. Biobased and compostable trilayer thermoplastic films based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and thermoplastic starch (TPS). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:385-394. [PMID: 35987355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Food preservation is crucial in safeguarding the global food supply and security. Current regulations do not encourage the use of chemical food preservatives. Therefore, creating a physical barrier in the form of packaging remains a necessary measure to prevent food contact with biological and physical contaminants. This work presents a novel biodegradable thin trilayer assembly of two sandwiching layers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and a core layer composed of thermoplastic starch (TPS), maleated TPS, or their blends with PHBV (80/20). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and optical microscopy images showed the samples' consistent film formation. The tensile test revealed that the sample with a core layer of a blend of maleated TPS and PHBV was the strongest, with a modulus of 178 MPa. The water vapor transmission rates were as low as 20.2 g/(m2·d). The oxygen permeation rate was below the detection limit of the test. Most importantly, the samples pass the biodegradation (28 °C) disintegration test in less than six weeks. The study confirmed that a trilayer structure with two outer layers of PHBV, and a middle layer of TPS-PHBV blend provides excellent barrier properties in conjuncture with its biodegradability making it an appealing, sustainable food packaging material option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hormoz Eslami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Grady
- Club Coffee L.P., 101 Claireville Drive, Toronto, ON M9W 6K9, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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18
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Casas-Roma J, Martinez-Heras E, Solé-Ribalta A, Solana E, Lopez-Soley E, Vivó F, Diaz-Hurtado M, Alba-Arbalat S, Sepulveda M, Blanco Y, Saiz A, Borge-Holthoefer J, Llufriu S, Prados F. Applying multilayer analysis to morphological, structural, and functional brain networks to identify relevant dysfunction patterns. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:916-933. [PMID: 36605412 PMCID: PMC9810367 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on network analysis applied to MRI data has advanced significantly. However, the majority of the studies are limited to single networks obtained from resting-state fMRI, diffusion MRI, or gray matter probability maps derived from T1 images. Although a limited number of previous studies have combined two of these networks, none have introduced a framework to combine morphological, structural, and functional brain connectivity networks. The aim of this study was to combine the morphological, structural, and functional information, thus defining a new multilayer network perspective. This has proved advantageous when jointly analyzing multiple types of relational data from the same objects simultaneously using graph- mining techniques. The main contribution of this research is the design, development, and validation of a framework that merges these three layers of information into one multilayer network that links and relates the integrity of white matter connections with gray matter probability maps and resting-state fMRI. To validate our framework, several metrics from graph theory are expanded and adapted to our specific domain characteristics. This proof of concept was applied to a cohort of people with multiple sclerosis, and results show that several brain regions with a synchronized connectivity deterioration could be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Casas-Roma
- e-Health Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,* Corresponding Author:
| | - Eloy Martinez-Heras
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elisabeth Solana
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Lopez-Soley
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Vivó
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Salut Alba-Arbalat
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Sepulveda
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Blanco
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Saiz
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sara Llufriu
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Prados
- e-Health Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Sultan M, Hafez OM, Saleh MA. Quality assessment of lemon (Citrus aurantifolia, swingle) coated with self-healed multilayer films based on chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose under cold storage conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:12-24. [PMID: 34973265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The polyelectrolyte multilayer self-healing coating film of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose (PEM-SH) tended to maintain high sensory quality and control physiological and pathological decay of lemon fruits under cold storage. The PEM-SH film was characterized by ATR-IR, XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM analysis, swelling ratio, self-healing, and mechanical characteristics. The 3-layered film (3L) exhibited the optimum barrier properties; WVP: 3.32 ± 0.06 g. mm. k Pa-1.h-1.m-2 and GTR: 0.256 ± 0.032 cc.M-2.day-1. The moisture sorption isotherm data were fitted with BET, GAB, and Peleg models and three models showed applicability. The coated fruits exhibit superior features of fruit quality such as reduced weight loss %, respiration rate, and decay symptoms appearance. The 3L-coated fruit showed the lower pectinase enzyme activity (0.689 Ug-1 FW) up to 60 days. As well as, increased total soluble solids, keeping vitamin C of loss and decreasing percentage acidity of juice up to 60 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sultan
- Packaging Materials, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Omaima M Hafez
- Pomology Departments, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Malaka A Saleh
- Pomology Departments, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O. 12622, Egypt
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20
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Wu T, Sun G, Ma M, Pan X, Zhang S, Zhang X. Rapid quantitative analysis of hormones in serum by multilayer paper spray MS: Free MS from HPLC. Talanta 2022; 237:122900. [PMID: 34736715 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Developing rapid and reliable method for simultaneous hormones quantitation is of great significant because of important roles of hormones in metabolism. However, current methods are faced with problems of low throughput or complicated operation procedure to remove matrices from serum samples in routine clinical diagnosis. In the present work, a multilayer PS-MS method was developed for rapid and simple detection of hormones. In the strategy, multilayer filter paper acted as the Liquid Chromatography in LC-MS/MS for separation of hormones and biological matrices. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of three hormones, testosterone (T), androsterone (ADT) and androstenedione (4-AD) were realized through MS/MS spectra. The method exhibited linearity in the range of 0.02-2 μg/L and the results of recovery and repeatability were satisfactory for standard samples and spiked serum. The time-cost of a whole detection process was less than 3 min. The established multilayer PS-MS realized rapid, simple and reliable quantitative analysis of various hormones and provided broad prospect for clinical analysis of small molecules in different biological samples. Moreover, it provides a novel MS approach with high through-put and free HPLC, meeting the requirements of point-of-care testing (POCT).
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21
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Wang Z, Jiang X, Yang G, Liu W, Song B. Remanufacturing oriented multilayer cladding morphology prediction using a new second order fitting method. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022:10.1007/s11356-021-16303-1. [PMID: 35000184 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the strong coating properties, laser cladding is widely used in the remanufacturing of scrap metal parts. Nevertheless, the risk of cladding quality assurance is increased by the complex cladding formation pattern of multiple multilayers and the unpredictable cross-sectional morphology. In this study, the coupling law of laser power, scanning speed, and powder feeding speed on the geometry of cladding layer is deeply analyzed, and the process-dimension model of single-track melting layers is established. The complex process of laser cladding and the intrinsic laws of process parameters and cladding morphology are revealed by the model. Furthermore, based on the characteristics of the cross-sectional morphology of the cladding layer, a parabolic fitting model of the cross-sectional profile of a single-track cladding layer and an analytical model of the influence of the planar lap of multiple cladding trajectories on the melting width are proposed. Finally, the cross-sectional profile curves of the multilayer cladding were derived and the prediction of the multilayer cladding geometry was achieved. Validation experimental data for laser cladding with 304 powder showed that the average relative errors of melting height and width between the predicted results and the experimental samples were 5.18% and 1.53%, respectively, indicating that the proposed model can accurately predict the cross-sectional shape of the multilayered laser cladding. This study provides experimental data and theoretical prediction methods for the laser remanufacturing of coating profiles on used parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisheng Wang
- Shenyang University of Technology, No.111, Shenliao West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Shenyang University of Technology, No.111, Shenliao West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Yang
- Shenyang University of Technology, No.111, Shenliao West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weijun Liu
- Shenyang University of Technology, No.111, Shenliao West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxue Song
- Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Wang Z, Yang F, Cheng Z, Zhang W, Xiong K, Shen T, Yang S. Quantitative multilayered assessment of skin lightening by photoacoustic microscopy. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:470-480. [PMID: 34993094 PMCID: PMC8666735 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of various new skin-lightening products, there is an urgent need to scientifically evaluate the efficacy and toxicology of these products, and provide scientific guidance for their use based on physiological differences between individuals. Visualized imaging methods and quantitative evaluation criteria play key roles in evaluating the efficacy of skin-lightening products. In order to quantify the changes in the multilayered morphology and endogenous components of human skin before and after the use of lightening products, high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging of human skin is required. METHODS In this study, photoacoustic microscopy (PAM; SSPM-532, Guangdong Photoacoustic Medical Technology Co., Ltd.) was used to capture the morphological structures of human skin and reveal skin components quantitatively. The efficacy and safety of skin-lightening products were evaluated by measuring skin melanin concentration and observing skin morphology. The melanin concentration in the epidermis was obtained by examining the linear relationship between photoacoustic (PA) signals. Further, the epidermal thickness and the melanin distribution were obtained in the cross-sectional (x-z) and lateral (x-y) images. Finally, the efficacy of skin-lightening products was evaluated according to the concentration and distribution of melanin in the epidermis, and the safety of cosmetics was assessed by observing the vascular morphology in the dermis. RESULTS PAM noninvasively could assess the multilayered morphological structures of human skin, which allowed for quantification of epidermal thickness and melanin concentration of different skin sites. Based on this, the efficacy and safety of skin-lightening products in multilayer structures were quantitatively evaluated. CONCLUSIONS As a quantitative imaging method, PAM, has the potential to accurately evaluate the use of skin-lightening products. The method can also be extended to assessments within the larger field of aesthetic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuyu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kedi Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianding Shen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sihua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Malekmohamadi MH, Ahmadikia H, Mosharaf-Dehkordi M. The effect of heat flux distribution and internal heat generation on the thermal damage in multilayer tissue in thermotherapy. J Therm Biol 2021; 99:102920. [PMID: 34420601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Proper analysis of the temperature distribution during heat therapy in the target tissue and around it will prevent damage to other adjacent healthy cells. In this study, the exact solution of steady and unsteady of the hyperbolic bioheat equations is performed for multilayer skin with tumor at different heat fluxes on its surface and the generation of internal heat in the tumor. By determining the temperature distribution in three modes of constant heat flux, parabolic heat flux and internal heat generation in tumor tissue, the amount of burn in all three modes is evaluated. The results indicated that the Fourier or non-Fourier behavior of tissue has no role in the rate of burns in thermotherapy processes. At equal powers applied to the tissue, the internal heat generation in the tumor, constant flux and parabolic flux on the skin surface have the most uniform and most non-uniform temperature distribution, respectively and cause the least and the most thermal damage in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Ahmadikia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
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24
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Cadiou S, Basagaña X, Gonzalez JR, Lepeule J, Vrijheid M, Siroux V, Slama R. Performance of approaches relying on multidimensional intermediary data to decipher causal relationships between the exposome and health: A simulation study under various causal structures. Environ Int 2021; 153:106509. [PMID: 33774494 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Challenges in the assessment of the health effects of the exposome, defined as encompassing all environmental exposures from the prenatal period onwards, include a possibly high rate of false positive signals. It might be overcome using data dimension reduction techniques. Data from the biological layers lying between the exposome and its possible health consequences, such as the methylome, may help reducing exposome dimension. We aimed to quantify the performances of approaches relying on the incorporation of an intermediary biological layer to relate the exposome and health, and compare them with agnostic approaches ignoring the intermediary layer. We performed a Monte-Carlo simulation, in which we generated realistic exposome and intermediary layer data by sampling with replacement real data from the Helix exposome project. We generated a Gaussian outcome assuming linear relationships between the three data layers, in 2381 scenarios under five different causal structures, including mediation and reverse causality. We tested 3 agnostic methods considering only the exposome and the health outcome: ExWAS (for Exposome-Wide Association study), DSA, LASSO; and 3 methods relying on an intermediary layer: two implementations of our new oriented Meet-in-the-Middle (oMITM) design, using ExWAS and DSA, and a mediation analysis using ExWAS. Methods' performances were assessed through their sensitivity and FDP (False-Discovery Proportion). The oMITM-based methods generally had lower FDP than the other approaches, possibly at a cost in terms of sensitivity; FDP was in particular lower under a structure of reverse causality and in some mediation scenarios. The oMITM-DSA implementation showed better performances than oMITM-ExWAS, especially in terms of FDP. Among the agnostic approaches, DSA showed the highest performance. Integrating information from intermediary biological layers can help lowering FDP in studies of the exposome health effects; in particular, oMITM seems less sensitive to reverse causality than agnostic exposome-health association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Cadiou
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Juan R Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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25
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Abstract
The aims of this study was to assess the effect of using a four chamber versus a three plane model on speckle tracking derived global longitudinal strain, the effects of drift compensation, the effect of assessing strain in different layers and finally the interplay between these aspects for the assessment of strain in neonates. Speckle tracking derived longitudinal strain was obtained from 22 healthy neonates. ANOVA, Bland-Altman analyses, coefficients of variation and assessment of intraclass correlation coefficients were conducted to assess the effect of the abovementioned aspects as well as assess both inter-observer and intra-observer variability. Neither the use of the three plane model versus the four chamber model nor the use of drift compensation had a substantial effect on global longitudinal strain (less than 1%, depending on which layer was being assessed). A gradient was seen with increasing strain from the epicardial to endocardial layers, similar to what is seen in older subjects. Finally, drift compensation introduced more discrepancy in segmental strain values compared to global longitudinal strain. Global longitudinal strain in healthy neonates remains reasonably consistent regardless of whether the three plane or four chamber model is used and whether drift compensation is applied. Its value increases when one moves from the endocardial to the epicardial layer. Finally, drift compensation introduces more discrepancy for regional measures of longitudinal strain compared to global longitudinal strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umael Khan
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway.
| | - Tom R Omdal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Matre
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| | - Gottfried Greve
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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26
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Ananthapadmanabhan S, Vo G, Nguyen T, Dimitri H, Otton J. Direct comparison of multilayer left ventricular global longitudinal strain using CMR feature tracking and speckle tracking echocardiography. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:107. [PMID: 33607946 PMCID: PMC7893897 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) are well-established strain imaging modalities. Multilayer strain measurement permits independent assessment of endocardial and epicardial strain. This novel and layer specific approach to evaluating myocardial deformation parameters may provide greater insight into cardiac contractility when compared to whole-layer strain analysis. The aim of this study is to validate CMR-FT as a tool for multilayer strain analysis by providing a direct comparison between multilayer global longitudinal strain (GLS) values between CMR-FT and STE. Methods We studied 100 patients who had an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), who underwent CMR imaging and echocardiogram at baseline and follow-up (48 ± 13 days). Dedicated tissue tracking software was used to analyse single- and multi-layer GLS values for CMR-FT and STE. Results Correlation coefficients for CMR-FT and STE were 0.685, 0.687, and 0.660 for endocardial, epicardial, and whole-layer GLS respectively (all p < 0.001). Bland Altman analysis showed good inter-modality agreement with minimal bias. The absolute limits of agreement in our study were 6.4, 5.9, and 5.5 for endocardial, whole-layer, and epicardial GLS respectively. Absolute biases were 1.79, 0.80, and 0.98 respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values showed moderate agreement with values of 0.626, 0.632, and 0.671 respectively (all p < 0.001). Conclusion There is good inter-modality agreement between CMR-FT and STE for whole-layer, endocardial, and epicardial GLS, and although values should not be used interchangeably our study demonstrates that CMR-FT is a viable imaging modality for multilayer strain
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giau Vo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.,Cardiology Department, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Sydney, 2170, Australia
| | - Tuan Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.,Cardiology Department, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Sydney, 2170, Australia
| | - Hany Dimitri
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.,Cardiology Department, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Sydney, 2170, Australia
| | - James Otton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.,Cardiology Department, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Sydney, 2170, Australia
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27
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Bračič M, Mohan T, Kargl R, Grießer T, Heinze T, Stana Kleinschek K. Protein repellent anti-coagulative mixed-charged cellulose derivative coatings. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117437. [PMID: 33357910 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the formation of cellulose based polyelectrolyte charge complexes on the surface of biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) thin films. Anionic sulphated cellulose (CS) and protonated cationic amino cellulose (AC) were used to form these complexes with a layer-by-layer coating technique. Both polyelectrolytes were analyzed by charge titration methods to elucidate their pH-value dependent protonation behavior. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) in combination with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to follow the growth, stability and water content of up to three AC/CS bi-layers in aqueous environment. This was combined with coagulation studies on one, two and three bilayers of AC/CS, measuring the thrombin formation rate and the total coagulation time of citrated blood plasma with QCM-D. Stable mixed charged bilayers could be prepared on PCL and significantly higher masses of AC than of CS were present in these complexes. Strong hydration due to the presence of ammonium and sulphate substituents on the backbone of cellulose led to a significant BSA repellent character of three bilayers of AC/CS coatings. The total plasma coagulation time was increased in comparison to neat PCL, indicating an anticoagulative nature of the coatings. Surprisingly, a coating solely composed of an AC layer significantly prolonged the total coagulation time on the surfaces although it did not prevent fibrinogen deposition. It is suggested that these cellulose derivative-based coatings can therefore be used to prevent unwanted BSA deposition and fibrin clot formation on PCL to foster its biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Bračič
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers (LCPP), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers (LCPP), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria; Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology (BPTI), Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23, AT - 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Thomas Grießer
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, University of Leoben, Otto-Glöckel-Straße 2, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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Kwak TJ, Lee E. Rapid multilayer microfabrication for modeling organotropic metastasis in breast cancer. Biofabrication 2020; 13. [PMID: 32998119 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abbd28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most insidious forms of breast cancer with high rates of metastasis, resulting in major mortalities in breast cancer patients. To better understand and treat TNBC metastasis, investigation of TNBC interactions with blood vasculatures is crucial. Among multiple metastatic processes, a step of TNBC exit from the blood vessels ('extravasation') in the pre-metastatic organs determines the final site of the metastasis. Here, we present a rapid multilayer microfabrication method of transferring a three-dimensional (3D) overhang pattern to a substrate with a sacrificial layer to reconstitute a 3D blood vessel surrounded by the extracellular matrix containing organ-specific parenchymal cells. Bones and lungs are the most common sites of breast cancer metastasis. We modeled organotropic bone and lung metastasis in TNBC by introducing subpopulations of TNBC metastases into a vessel lumen surrounded by osteoblasts, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, and lung fibroblasts. We found that bone-like microenviroment with osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells promoted extravasation of the bone-tropic TNBC cells, whereas the lung-like microenviroment promoted extravasation of the lung-tropic TNBC cells. Given that these organ-specific parenchymal cells do not impact vascular permeability, our results suggest that the parenchymal cells dictate selective extravasation of the bone-tropic or lung-tropic TNBC cells in our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Joon Kwak
- Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 309A Weill hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, Ithaca, New York, 14853, UNITED STATES
| | - Esak Lee
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853-0001, UNITED STATES
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29
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Wei L, Liu L, Gao C, Qian C, Xi K, Ruan H, Yu J, Luo ZP, Cui W. Mechanical on-off gates for regulation of drug release in cutaneous or musculoskeletal tissue repairs. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 115:111048. [PMID: 32600683 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug release synchronized with tissue motion is attractive to cutaneous or musculoskeletal tissue injury repair. Here, we have developed a method of regulating drug release by mechanical on-off gates for potential treatment of repeated injury in these tissues. The mechanical gates consisted of a multilayer structure: A brittle outmost layer adhered to an elastic middle layer, which wrapped an inmost drug carrier to form the composite multilayer structure. When it was stretched, cracks appeared as mechanical gates due to mechanical performance difference between the outmost layer and the middle layer, leading to the drug release. When the external force disappeared, it recovered to stop the drug release. The controlled drug release would therefore be achieved by changing the status (opening or closure) of mechanical gates through applying this on-off mechanical stretching. A prototype based on the composite multilayer structure of adhesive coating and electrospinning technique realized the controlled release of drug and effectively repaired the incision. More types of composite multilayer structures for mechanical drug release were expected to meet curing requirement in cutaneous or musculoskeletal tissues.
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30
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vander Straeten A, Lefèvre D, Demoustier-Champagne S, Dupont-Gillain C. Protein-based polyelectrolyte multilayers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 280:102161. [PMID: 32416541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of proteins to impart specific functions to surfaces is topical for chemical engineering, healthcare and diagnosis. Layer-by-Layer (LbL) self-assembly is one of the most used method to immobilize macromolecules on surfaces. It consists in the alternate adsorption of oppositely charged species, resulting in the formation of a multilayer. This method in principle allows any charged object to be immobilized on any surface, from aqueous solutions. However, when it comes to proteins, the promises of versatility, simplicity and universality that the LbL approach holds are unmet due to the heterogeneity of protein properties. In this review, the literature is analyzed to make a generic approach emerge, with a view to facilitate the LbL assembly of proteins with polyelectrolytes (PEs). In particular, this review aims at guiding the choice of the PE and the building conditions that lead to the successful growth of protein-based multilayered self-assemblies.
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Loukkal A, Lematre M, Bavencoffe M, Lethiecq M. Modeling and numerical study of the influence of imperfect interface properties on the reflection coefficient for isotropic multilayered structures. Ultrasonics 2020; 103:106099. [PMID: 32065999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The microelectronics industry is expressing an increased demand for the development of non-destructive tools and methods for health control and diagnostics in multilayered structures. The purpose of these tools is to detect problems such as delaminations, inclusions and microcracks. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of imperfect interfaces on the wave propagation in multilayered structures. This type of structure represents the typical architecture of many microelectronic components. This study will be based on the calculation of the reflection coefficient and the guided waves dispersion curves. The investigated structure is an isotropic trilayer where two metallic layers are bonded together by an adhesive layer made of an epoxy resin. Comparisons were performed in order to evaluate numerically the influence of several properties of the adhesive layer on the guided waves behavior. In addition, an imperfect viscoelastic interface layer model [1] has been implemented in order to simulate different adherence qualities between the metallic layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Loukkal
- GREMAN UMR 7347, Université de Tours, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, Blois, France.
| | - M Lematre
- GREMAN UMR 7347, Université de Tours, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, Blois, France
| | - M Bavencoffe
- GREMAN UMR 7347, Université de Tours, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, Blois, France
| | - M Lethiecq
- GREMAN UMR 7347, Université de Tours, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, Blois, France
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Nakayama K, Chinen S, Teshima J, Tamada Y, Hirabayashi M, Hochi S. Silk fibroin sheet multilayer suitable for vitrification of in vitro-matured bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2020; 145:109-114. [PMID: 32014616 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Minimum volume cooling (MVC) procedure has been successfully applied to vitrify mammalian oocytes, but high skill of capillary pipetting is required to load the oocytes on a cryodevice with a minimal volume (<1 μL) of vitrification solution (VS). Here we report a novel cryodevice for bovine oocyte vitrification, silk fibroin (SF) sheet multilayer, of which spontaneous absorption property can eliminate pipette operation for removal of excess VS. Based on physical stability and scanning electron microscopic observation, the SF sheet prepared from 1.5% (wt/vol) fibroin solution was selected and layered around a polypropylene strip (0.1-mm thickness, 0.7-mm width, 10-mm depth). Ten denuded bovine mature oocytes were loaded onto the SF sheet multilayer with 2-3 μL of the VS, and then cooled rapidly by plunging into liquid nitrogen. Nylon mesh (NM) device with square opening 37-μm length of a side and commercially available Cryotop® (CT) device were used as controls, and the minimization of VS volume was performed by paper towel absorption and capillary aspiration, respectively. In SF, NM and CT groups, post-warming oocyte recovery rates were 99.5, 99.1 and 100%, and the morphological survival rates were 99.7, 94.5 and 99.0%, respectively. Subsequent IVF and 8-days IVC resulted in comparable blastocyst yields among the three groups (25.5, 25.0 and 26.1% in SF, NM and CT groups, respectively). These results suggest that SF sheet multilayer is a useful cryodevice for bovine matured oocytes in MVC vitrification because VS volume surrounding the oocytes can be easily minimized through its absorption property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyu Nakayama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Chinen
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Junki Teshima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tamada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan; School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hochi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan.
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Yang H, Chen W, Zheng X, Yang D, Hu Y, Zhang X, Ye X, Zhang Y, Jiang T, Peng G, Zhang X, Zhang R, Deng C, Qin S. Near-Infrared Photoelectric Properties of Multilayer Bi 2O 2Se Nanofilms. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:371. [PMID: 31820137 PMCID: PMC6901633 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The near-infrared (NIR) photoelectric properties of multilayer Bi2O2Se nanofilms were systematically studied in this paper. Multilayer Bi2O2Se nanofilms demonstrate a sensitive photo response to NIR, including a high photoresponsivity (~ 101 A/W), a quick response time (~ 30 ms), a high external quantum efficiency (~ 20,300%), and a high detection rate (1.9 × 1010 Jones). These results show that the device based on multilayer Bi2O2Se nanofilms might have great potentials for future applications in ultrafast, highly sensitive NIR optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Dongsheng Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Yuze Hu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Xiangzhe Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Tian Jiang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Gang Peng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Xueao Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Renyan Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
| | - Chuyun Deng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
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Elbl J, Gajdziok J, Kolarczyk J. 3D printing of multilayered orodispersible films with in-process drying. Int J Pharm 2019; 575:118883. [PMID: 31811925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare benzydamine hydrochloride loaded orodispersible films using modified semisolid extrusion 3D printing method. An innovative approach was developed where thin layer of drug loaded dispersion is printed and dried before printing of subsequent layers. Layer-by-layer drying as the in process step improves mechanical properties of films, uniformity of drug content and allows faster preparation of films in compounding settings due to shortening of drying time. Orodispersible films consisted of film forming maltodextrin, sorbitol as a plasticizer and hydroxyethylcellulose as a thickening agent. The height of the digital model showed excellent correlation with the disintegration time, weight, thickness and mechanical properties of prepared films. Drug content, predefined by volume of digital model and concentration of drug in print dispersion, showed excellent uniformity. The modified printing method shows great promise in a compounding production of personalized film dosage forms, and brings in possibilities such as one step preparation of films with compartmented drugs and incorporation of taste masking or release control layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Elbl
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Palackého tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gajdziok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Palackého tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kolarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Palackého tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
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Wang L, Dionysiou DD, Wu W, Chen H, Xie X, Lin J. Zinc oxide-coated zeolite adsorbs and inactivates waterborne Staphylococcus aureus. Chemosphere 2019; 229:1-7. [PMID: 31063875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide-coated zeolite (ZOCZ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were compared in terms of their effectiveness in removing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from nutrient broth and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. ZOCZ was found to be extremely efficient in removing S. aureus. ZnO initially was much less effective. Photographs of removal S. aureus from PBS solution with ZOCZ confirmed that a multilayer of S. aureus cells forms on the surface of ZOCZ particles. The comparison of the images of confocal laser scanning microscope and inverted contrast fluorescence microscope further proved that a multilayer of S. aureus cells formed on the surface of ZnO-30N-zeolite. The FESEM images showed that the cell membranes of S. aureus attached to the surface of ZnO-30N-zeolite collapsed. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrum and the atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis confirmed that zinc ions penetrate into S. aureus cells, causing their death. The dead cells were easily removed, allowing ZOCZ to be reused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China; College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA.
| | - Wenlin Wu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xiaolan Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Jianming Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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36
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Borro BC, Malmsten M. Complexation between antimicrobial peptides and polyelectrolytes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 270:251-260. [PMID: 31301601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a result of increasing bacterial resistance against antibiotics, we are facing an emerging health crisis, in which 'simple' infections may no longer be treatable. One class of molecules attracting interest in this context is antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and considerable research efforts have been directed to identifying selective and potent AMPs. In addition, since in vivo delivery of AMPs is challenging, there is an emerging awareness that successful development of AMP therapeutics can be facilitated by careful design of AMPs delivery systems. In the present overview, we discuss polyelectrolyte complexation as a strategy to deliver AMPs. In doing so, key factors for AMP-polyelectrolyte complexation are illustrated for AMP-polyelectrolyte nanoparticle formation, as well as for AMP incorporation in polyelectrolyte microgels and multilayer structures, and consequences of these for functional performance exemplified.
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Tiwari AP, Chae SH, Ojha GP, Dahal B, Mukhiya T, Lee M, Chhetri K, Kim T, Kim HY. Three-dimensional porous carbonaceous network with in-situ entrapped metallic cobalt for supercapacitor application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:622-30. [PMID: 31247501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we outline the fabrication of highly porous three-dimensional carbon-fiber network anchored with uniform metallic cobalt (Co) via electrospinning and subsequent post-modification approaches. First, cobalt acetate solution saturated electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous mat was subjected to sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution which results in the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) hierarchical multilayer network. Restructuring of the 2D mat into multilayered sponges with metal particles entrapment is attributed to the in-situ generated hydrogen gas into the interconnected pores of the fibrous network simultaneous with reduction of cobalt salt into metallic cobalt by NaBH4. The resulting mesh was stabilized and carbonization at inert atmosphere to obtain metallic cobalt (Co) embedded 3D carbon nanofibrous networks (Co@3D-CNFs). Physicochemical characterization and electrochemical analysis were performed. Results show carbon network was found to be expanded with bubbling like structures often embedded metallic Co nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the existence of the metallic cobalt particles on the carbon fiber networks. Furthermore, we establish a resulting composite (Co@3D-CNFs) identify the enhanced electrochemical performance having specific capacitance 762 F g-1 compared to 173 and 180 F g-1 for corresponding @3D-CNFs and 2D carbon nanofiber network with cobalt doped (Co@2D-CNFs) counterparts, respectively. The assembled Co2@3D-CNFs//NGH ASC device exhibits a high energy density 24.6 W h Kg-1 at 797 W kg-1 power density with an operating voltage of 1.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The device further shows good capacitance retention (90.1%) after 5000 cycles. This research shows the simple and cost-effective strategy to make metallic particles embedded 3D porous carbonaceous electrode materials which can have great potential for energy storage application.
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Patel AK, Das N, Kumar M. Multilayer arsenic mobilization and multimetal co-enrichment in the alluvium (Brahmaputra) plains of India: A tale of redox domination along the depth. Chemosphere 2019; 224:140-150. [PMID: 30818192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The study attempts to understand arsenic (As) mobilization in a shallow aquifer with depth variation while focusing on the potential co-occurrence of As with priority metals (zinc and lead), using a pilot scale multilevel groundwater monitoring system (MGWS). Groundwater samples (n = 72) were collected bi-weekly (every 15 days) from the multilevel sampler (4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 m depths), installed at Tezpur, Sonitpur district of Brahmaputra floodplain (BFP), Assam, India, for a period of 1 year (August 2013-July 2014). Both geogenic and anthropogenic influences were found to affect the studied unconfined aquifer. At 4.6 m, weathering dominated due to interaction with CO2 and infiltrating water. Prevalent high pH (7.9-8.6) at all three depths in association with strong oxidizing condition (at 4.6 m) during the drier months seem to play a crucial role in desorption based As release. Multivariate analyses revealed that redox potential (ORP) remains the primary controller of As release at all three depths. With depth, stronger anoxic conditions resulted in the dominance of reductive hydrolysis leading to a co-occurrence scenario of As (max 4.6 μgL-1) with Zn (max 2514 μgL-1) and Pb (max 740 μL-1) with influences of anthropogenic modes of activities like agriculture and dry deposition from a brick kiln. Multi-element enrichment is an emerging concern but the bigger picture would be to understand the peculiarities of individual aquifers, as a generalization can lead to missing a ton of information. In this regard, long-term multilevel monitoring can help in the predictive understanding of the vertical stratification and co-occurrences of multi-metals that can subsequently be applied for water production at the safer depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbind Kumar Patel
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam, 784-021, India
| | - Nilotpal Das
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781-039, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382-355, India.
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Desbiolles BXE, Bertsch A, Renaud P. Ion beam etching redeposition for 3D multimaterial nanostructure manufacturing. Microsyst Nanoeng 2019; 5:11. [PMID: 31057938 PMCID: PMC6475643 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-019-0052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel fabrication method based on the local sputtering of photoresist sidewalls during ion beam etching is presented. This method allows for the manufacture of three-dimensional multimaterial nanostructures at the wafer scale in only four process steps. Features of various shapes and profiles can be fabricated at sub-100-nm dimensions with unprecedented freedom in material choice. Complex nanostructures such as nanochannels, multimaterial nanowalls, and suspended networks were successfully fabricated using only standard microprocessing tools. This provides an alternative to traditional nanofabrication techniques, as well as new opportunities for biosensing, nanofluidics, nanophotonics, and nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. X. E. Desbiolles
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Bertsch
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P. Renaud
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Balabushevich NG, Kovalenko EA, Mikhalchik EV, Filatova LY, Volodkin D, Vikulina AS. Mucin adsorption on vaterite CaCO 3 microcrystals for the prediction of mucoadhesive properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 545:330-9. [PMID: 30901672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Porous vaterite CaCO3 crystals are widely used as containers for drug loading and as sacrificial templates to assemble polymer-based nano- and micro-particles at mild conditions. Special attention is paid nowadays to mucosal delivery where the glycoprotein mucin plays a crucial role as a main component of a mucous. In this work mucoadhesive properties of vaterite crystals have been tested by investigation of mucin binding to the crystals as a function of (i) time, (ii) glycoprotein concentration, (iii) adsorption conditions and (iv) degree of mucin desialization. Mucin adsorption follows Bangham equation indicating that diffusion into crystal pores is the rate-limiting step. Mucin strongly binds to the crystals (ΔG = -35 ± 4 kJ mol-1) via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions forming a gel and thus giving the tremendous mucin mass content in the crystals of up to 16%. Despite strong intermolecular mucin-mucin interactions, pure mucin spheres formed after crystal dissolution are unstable. However, introduction of protamine, actively used for mucosal delivery, makes the spheres stable via additional electrostatic bonding. The results of this work indicate that the vaterite crystals are extremely promising carriers for mucosal drug delivery and for development of test-systems for the analysis of the mucoadhesion.
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Yue G, Liu X, Chen Y, Huo J, Zheng H. Improvement in the photoelectric conversion efficiency for the flexible fibrous dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:188. [PMID: 29955979 PMCID: PMC6023803 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A dye-sensitized and flexible TiO2 fiber with multilayer structure was prepared by using brush method as the photoanode in the efficient flexible fibrous dye-sensitized solar cells (FFDSSCs) to avoid electronic recombination and improve the electronic capture efficiency. The composite Pt counter electrode, preparation from the surface modification of the electrodeposited Pt wire by using a simple one-step thermal decomposition approach of H2PtCl6 isopropanol and n-butyl alcohol (volume ratio = 1:1) solution, provided a significant improvement in electrocatalytic activity, which was confirmed by extensive electrochemical tests. The FFDSSC assembled with the fiber-shaped TiO2 photoanode and the composite Pt counter electrode achieves an enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.35%, higher than that of the FFDSSC with monolayer fibrous TiO2 photoanode and electrodeposited Pt wire counter electrode. More importantly, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.35% is comparable to that of the FFDSSC based on the pure Pt wire counter electrode (6.32%). The FFDSSC with high elasticity, flexibility, and stretchability can adapt to complex mechanical deformations, which is of great significance for the development of wearable electronics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentian Yue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
- School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Xianqing Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
- School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Jinghao Huo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
| | - Haiwu Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
- School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
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Uhlig CE, Müller VC. Resorbable and running suture for stable fixation of amniotic membrane multilayers: A useful modification in deep or perforating sterile corneal ulcers. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2018; 10:296-299. [PMID: 29780958 PMCID: PMC5956719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To present a modified technique for secure tightening and fixing of multilayer amniotic membranes in deep or perforating corneal ulcers. Observations The modified procedure for application and fixation of multilayer amniotic membranes is retrospectively described step by step, and the results of three patients treated with this technique were retrospectively analysed and presented. The modification consists basically in fixing the inlays with one mini-overlay that is sutured intracorneally with resorbable and running Vicryl 10.0, before a corneoscleral overlay is fixed on top conjunctivally with a running nylon 10.0 suture. The resorbable Vicryl suture is left in place permanently. Conclusions and Importance The method described avoids any risk of destroying or displacing the inlays by removing sutures later. In each of the three patients demonstrated as case reports the cornea remained stable throughout the 3- to 5-month follow-up period. This modified technique represents a very useful auxiliary means of treating deep or perforating non-infectious corneal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin E Uhlig
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Viktoria C Müller
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Han B, Wang Z, Devi N, Kondamareddy KK, Wang Z, Li N, Zuo W, Fu D, Liu C. RBS Depth Profiling Analysis of (Ti, Al)N/MoN and CrN/MoN Multilayers. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:161. [PMID: 28253563 PMCID: PMC5332315 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-1921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
(Ti, Al)N/MoN and CrN/MoN multilayered films were synthesized on Si (100) surface by multi-cathodic arc ion plating system with various bilayer periods. The elemental composition and depth profiling of the films were investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) using 2.42 and 1.52 MeV Li2+ ion beams and different incident angles (0°, 15°, 37°, and 53°). The microstructures of (Ti, Al)N/MoN multilayered films were evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The multilayer periods and thickness of the multilayered films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and then compared with RBS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Materials of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory at School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Materials of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Neena Devi
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory at School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - K K Kondamareddy
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Materials of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory at School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Materials of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenbin Zuo
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory at School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Dejun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Materials of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory at School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Yang J, Zhao S, Ji Y, Zhao L, Kong Q, Zhang Q. Cell sheet-based multilayered liver tumor models for anti-cancer drug screening. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:427-35. [PMID: 29159512 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To fabricate in vitro cell-dense, three-dimensional (3D) tumor models by employing a cell sheet technology for testing anti-cancer drug efficacy. RESULTS The stratified liver tumor models were fabricated by stacking contiguous HepG2 cell sheets. Triple-layer (3L), double-layer (2L), single-layer (1L) cell sheet-based liver tumor models (CSLTMs) demonstrated 106, 96, 85% cell viability, respectively, after 3 days treatment of 10 µM doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), while cell viability in two-dimensional (2D) conventional culture (control) was 27%. After 7 days of DOX treatment, the viabilities of 3L, 2L, 1L, control were 24, 14, 3 and 4%, respectively. Probable explanations were blocked diffusion of DOX by the intact and multilayered structure and also hypoxia in the bottom of multilayered cell sheets. CONCLUSION CSLTMs showed a thickness-dependent cytotoxic efficacy of DOX and greater drug resistance than the control, thereby providing useful information toward the development of improved biomimetic tumor models.
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Joe HE, Lee WS, Jun MBG, Park NC, Min BK. Material interface detection based on secondary electron images for focused ion beam machining. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 184:37-43. [PMID: 29096392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A method for interface detection is proposed for focused ion beam (FIB) processes of multilayered targets. As multilayers have emerged as promising structures for nanodevices, the FIB machining of multilayers has become a challenging issue. We proposed material interface detection by monitoring secondary electron (SE) images captured during the FIB process. The average of the gray-levels and the skewness coefficient of gray-level histograms of the SE images were evaluated to recognize endpoints for the FIB processes. The FIB process control with the proposed method was demonstrated by fabricating the nanostructures on the multilayered target without thickness information. It was also demonstrated on a curved surface. Grooves with a desired depth into the target and an aperture as an opening window were precisely fabricated by the FIB process control. The proposed strategy of the FIB process can be used for complex substrates such as curved or flexible targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Eun Joe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sup Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Martin B G Jun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - No-Cheol Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwon Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Zhan T, Lv W, Deng Y. Multilayer gyroid cubic membrane organization in green alga Zygnema. Protoplasma 2017; 254:1923-1930. [PMID: 28176001 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological cubic membranes (CM), which are fluid membranes draped onto the 3D periodic parallel surface geometries with cubic symmetry, have been observed within subcellular organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and thylakoids. CM transition tends to occur under various stress conditions; however, multilayer CM organizations often appear associated with light stress conditions. This report is about the characterization of a projected gyroid CM in a transmission electron microscopy study of the chloroplast membranes within green alga Zygnema (LB923) whose lamellar form of thylakoid membrane started to fold into multilayer gyroid CM in the culture at the end of log phase of cell growth. Using the techniques of computer simulation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a direct template matching method, we show that these CM are based on the gyroid parallel surfaces. The single, double, and multilayer gyroid CM morphologies are observed in which space is continuously divided into two, three, and more subvolumes by either one, two, or several parallel membranes. The gyroid CM are continuous with varying amount of pseudo-grana with lamellar-like morphology. The relative amount and order of these two membrane morphologies seem to vary with the age of cell culture and are insensitive to ambient light condition. In addition, thylakoid gyroid CM continuously interpenetrates the pyrenoid body through stalk, bundle-like, morphologies. Inside the pyrenoid body, the membranes re-folded into gyroid CM. The appearance of these CM rearrangements due to the consequence of Zygnema cell response to various types of environmental stresses will be discussed. These stresses include nutrient limitation, temperature fluctuation, and ultraviolet (UV) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, 325001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Lv
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, 325001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuru Deng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China.
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, 325001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Jia J, Kim JP, Yang F, Wang X, Shen H, Xu S, Yang J, Wu D. Construction of versatile multilayered composite nanoparticles from a customized nanogel template. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:87-96. [PMID: 29744445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a highly adaptable design platform for multi-responsive, multilayered composite nanoparticles (MC-NPs) with fine-tunable functional layers. A flexible disulfide-linked nanogel template is obtained by a controlled in-situ gelation method, enabling a high degree of control over each successive layer. From this template, we optimize “smart” biomaterials with biofunctional surfaces, tunable drug release kinetics, and magnetic or pH-responsive functionality, fabricated into MC-NPs for targeted drug release and periosteum-mimetic structures for controlled rhBMP-2 release towards bone tissue formation in-vivo. Such a versatile platform for the design of MC-NPs is a powerful tool that shows considerable therapeutic potential in clinical fields such as oncology and orthopedics. A highly adaptable design platform for multi-responsive, multilayered composite nanoparticles. A flexible disulfide-linked nanogel template is obtained by a controlled in-situ gelation method. Sequential assembly of multilayered NPs with a nanogel template, porous silica shell, pH-responsive PAA layer, and hydroxyapatite coating. The ability to finely tune the structure and function of each layer.
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Turner MR, Bridges TJ, Alemi Ardakani H. Lagrangian particle path formulation of multilayer shallow-water flows dynamically coupled to vessel motion. J Eng Math 2017; 106:75-106. [PMID: 32009671 PMCID: PMC6961506 DOI: 10.1007/s10665-016-9893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The coupled motion-between multiple inviscid, incompressible, immiscible fluid layers in a rectangular vessel with a rigid lid and the vessel dynamics-is considered. The fluid layers are assumed to be thin and the shallow-water assumption is applied. The governing form of the Lagrangian functional in the Lagrangian particle path (LPP) framework is derived for an arbitrary number of layers, while the corresponding Hamiltonian is explicitly derived in the case of two- and three-layer fluids. The Hamiltonian formulation has nice properties for numerical simulations, and a fast, effective and symplectic numerical scheme is presented in the two- and three-layer cases, based upon the implicit-midpoint rule. Results of the simulations are compared with linear solutions and with the existing results of Alemi Ardakani et al. (J Fluid Struct 59:432-460, 2015) which were obtained using a finite volume approach in the Eulerian representation. The latter results are extended to non-Boussinesq regimes. The advantages and limitations of the LPP formulation and variational discretization are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Turner
- Department of Mathematics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH UK
| | - T. J. Bridges
- Department of Mathematics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH UK
| | - H. Alemi Ardakani
- Department of Mathematics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH UK
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Vander Meulen F, Haumesser L. Layer contributions to the nonlinear acoustic radiation from stratified media. Ultrasonics 2016; 72:34-41. [PMID: 27470205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the thorough investigation of the second harmonic generation scenario in a three fluid layer system. An emphasis is on the evaluation of the nonlinear parameter B/A in each layer from remote measurements. A theoretical approach of the propagation of a finite amplitude acoustic wave in a multilayered medium is developed. In the frame of the KZK equation, the weak nonlinearity of the media, attenuation and diffraction effects are computed for the fundamental and second harmonic waves propagating back and forth in each of the layers of the system. The model uses a gaussian expansion to describe the beam propagation in order to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each part of the system (layers and interfaces) to its nonlinearity. The model is validated through measurements on a water/aluminum/water system. Transmission as well as reflection configurations are studied. Good agreement is found between the theoretical results and the experimental data. The analysis of the second harmonic field sources measured by the transducers from outside the stratified medium highlights the factors that favor the cumulative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Vander Meulen
- University François Rabelais of Tours, GREMAN, UMR CNRS 7347, 3 Rue de la Chocolaterie, 41000 Blois, France.
| | - Lionel Haumesser
- University François Rabelais of Tours, GREMAN, UMR CNRS 7347, 3 Rue de la Chocolaterie, 41000 Blois, France
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Wu M, Yu S, He L, Yang L, Zhang W. The Role of Annealing Process in Ag-Based BaSnO3 Multilayer Thin Films. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:369. [PMID: 27544775 PMCID: PMC4992480 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The BaSnO3/Ag/BaSnO3 multilayer structure was designed and fabricated on a quartz glass by magnetron sputtering, followed by an annealing process at a temperature from 150 to 750 °C in air. In this paper, we investigated the influence of the annealing temperature on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the multilayers and proposed the mechanisms of conduction and transmittance. The maximum value of the figure of merit of 31.8 × 10(-3) Ω(-1) was achieved for the BaSnO3/Ag/BaSnO3 multilayer thin films annealed at 150 °C, while the average optical transmittance in the visible ranges was >84 %, the resistivity was 5.71 × 10(-5) Ω cm, and the sheet resistance was 5.57 Ω/sq. When annealed at below 600 °C, the values of resistivity and transmittance of the multilayers were within an acceptable range (resistivity <5.0 × 10(-4) Ω cm, transmittance >80 %). The observed property of the multilayer film is suitable for the application of transparent conductive electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muying Wu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Shihui Yu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Lin He
- School of Electronic Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
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