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Rhee CK, Choi JY, Park YB, Yoo KH. Clinical Characteristics and Frequency of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations in Korean Patients: Findings From the KOCOSS Cohort 2012-2021. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e164. [PMID: 38769923 PMCID: PMC11106559 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) exert a substantial burden on patients and healthcare systems; however, data related to the frequency of AECOPD in the Korean population are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the frequency of severe, and moderate or severe AECOPD, as well as clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in South Korea. METHODS Data from patients aged > 40 years with post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ≤ 70% of the normal predicted value from the Korea COPD Subgroup Study database were analyzed (April 2012 to 2021). The protocol was based on the EXAcerbations of COPD and their OutcomeS International study. Data were collected retrospectively for year 0 (0-12 months before study enrollment) based on patient recall, and prospectively during years 1, 2, and 3 (0-12, 13-24, and 25-36 months after study enrollment, respectively). The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Data from 3,477 Korean patients (mean age, 68.5 years) with COPD were analyzed. Overall, most patients were male (92.3%), former or current smokers (90.8%), had a modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale score ≥ 1 (83.3%), and had moderate airflow limitation (54.4%). The mean body mass index (BMI) of the study population was 23.1 kg/m², and 27.6% were obese or overweight. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (37.6%). The mean blood eosinophil count was 226.8 cells/μL, with 21.9% of patients having ≥ 300 cells/μL. A clinically insignificant change in FEV1 (+1.4%) was observed a year after enrollment. Overall, patients experienced a mean of 0.2 severe annual AECOPD and approximately 1.1 mean moderate or severe AECOPD. Notably, the rates of severe AECOPD remained generally consistent over time. Compared with patients with no exacerbations, patients who experienced severe exacerbations had a lower mean BMI (21.7 vs. 23.1 kg/m²; P < 0.001) and lower lung function parameters (all P values < 0.001), but reported high rates of depression (25.5% vs. 15.1%; P = 0.044) and anxiety (37.3% vs. 16.7%; P < 0.001) as a comorbidity. CONCLUSION Findings from this Korean cohort of patients with COPD indicated a high exacerbation burden, which may be attributable to the unique characteristics of the study population and suboptimal disease management. This highlights the need to align clinical practices with the latest treatment recommendations to alleviate AECOPD burden in Korea. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05750810.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Park TS, Tak YJ, Ra Y, Kim J, Han SH, Kim SH, Shin Y, Shin MJ, Kang JH. Reference Respiratory Muscle Strength Values and a Prediction Equation Using Physical Functions for Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e325. [PMID: 37846788 PMCID: PMC10578989 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Korea, tests for evaluating respiratory muscle strength are based on other countries' clinical experience or standards, which can lead to subjective evaluations. When evaluating respiratory function based on the standards of other countries, several variables, such as the race and cultures of different countries, make it difficult to apply these standards. The purpose of this study was to propose objective respiratory muscle strength standards and predicted values for healthy Korean adults based on age, height, weight, and muscle strength, by measuring maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and peak cough flow (PCF). METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed MIP, MEP, and PCF in 360 people, each group comprising 30 adult men and women aged 20-70, diagnosed as healthy after undergoing medical check-ups at a general hospital. Hand grip strength (HGS) and the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST) results were also recorded. Correlations among respiratory muscle strength, participant demographics, and overall muscle strength were evaluated using Pearson's correlation analysis. The predicted values of respiratory muscle strength were calculated using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Respiratory muscle strength differed from the values reported in studies from other countries. In the entire samples, both MIP and MEP had the highest correlations with peak HGS (r = 0.643, r = 0.693; P < 0.05), while PCF had the highest correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (r = 0.753; P < 0.05). Age, body mass index, peak HGS, and FTSST results were independent variables affecting respiratory muscle strength. A predictive equation for respiratory muscle strength was developed using the multiple regression equation developed in this study. CONCLUSION Respiratory muscle strength index may differ by country. For more accurate diagnoses, standard values for each country are required. This study presents reference values for Korea, and a formula for estimation is proposed when no respiratory muscle strength measurement equipment is available. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0006778.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sung Park
- Department of Convergence Medical Institute of Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Jin Tak
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Youngjin Ra
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jinmi Kim
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trial Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - YongBeom Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Shin
- Department of Convergence Medical Institute of Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
| | - Jong Ho Kang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Korea.
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Takahashi R, Takahashi T, Okada Y, Kohzuki M, Ebihara S. Factors associated with quality of life in patients receiving lung transplantation: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:225. [PMID: 37353819 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With improved prognosis after lung transplantation (LTx), improving health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients who have undergone LTx is a key goal. Although HRQL is improved significantly after transplantation, it is poorer than that in ordinary healthy people. However, the factors associated with poor HRQL remain unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the factors associated with poor HRQL in patients who have undergone LTx. METHODS Between December 2018 and May 2022, 80 patients who had undergone LTx completed St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) as a disease-specific quality of life measure, the Short Form-12 (SF-12) as a generic quality of life measure, and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale of dyspnea. The groups were assigned according to the median SGRQ-total score and the Japanese population standard for SF-12, and those with good HRQL were compared with those with poor HRQL. Independent factors were evaluated using multivariate analysis. RESULTS With regard to the SGRQ, there were significant differences in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (P = 0.041), use of bronchodilators (P = 0.026), 6-min walk distance (6MWD) (P < 0.001), and Mmrc (P < 0.001) between better and poorer HRQL. For the SF-12 physical component summary score (PCS), age (P = 0.017), sex (P = 0.011), FEV1 (P < 0.001), forced vital capacity (FVC) (P < 0.001), diagnosis (P = 0.011), handgrip force (P = 0.003), 6MWD (P < 0.001), and Mmrc (P < 0.001) varied. Multivariate analyses revealed that Mmrc was the only independent factor in the SGRQ (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 6.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.49-17.74) and SF-12 PCS (P = 0.001, OR = 0.185, 95% CI: 0.07-0.52). There were significant correlations between the SGRQ-Total score and SF-12 PCS (correlation coefficient = -0.612, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Dyspnea may be an independent factor of poor disease-specific and generic HRQL in LTx patients. The management of dyspnea may improve the HRQL in patients who have undergone LTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tamao Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoru Ebihara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan.
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Hall NB, Reynolds L, Blackley DJ, Laney AS. Submission of mandatory respiratory health examinations among US coal miners participating in the Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:327-332. [PMID: 37172958 PMCID: PMC10571509 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mandatory examination requirements for US coal miners newly entering the workforce have been in place since the 1969 Coal Act mandated chest radiographs and were updated to include spirometry with promulgation of the 2014 Mine Safety and Health Administration Dust Rule. Compliance with the mandatory respiratory screening series is described using data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP). METHODS Among all radiographic and spirometry submissions to the CWHSP during 30 June 1971-15 March 2022, new underground coal miners who began work in the industry after 30 June 1971, and new underground, surface miners and contractors who began work after new regulations were implemented 1 August 2014, were identified and included in analysis. RESULTS Of the 115 093 unique miners who participated in the CWHSP and whose estimated entry into mining occurred during 30 June 1971-15 March 2019, 50 487 (43.9%) received their initial mandatory radiograph, and 15 452 (13.4%) submitted their initial and 3-year mandatory radiographs. Since new regulations were implemented, compliance with initial radiographs appeared to improve (80%) but compliance with 3-year radiographs remained low (11.6%). Compliance with spirometry testing was also low for initial (17.1%) and follow-up screenings (2.7%). CONCLUSIONS The majority of new coal miners eligible for health surveillance did not receive a baseline radiograph or spirometry test through the CWHSP even though coal mine operators are required by law to provide these. Ensuring coal miners' regular participation in health surveillance from early in their careers is an important way to monitor and protect their respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi B Hall
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Laura Reynolds
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - David J Blackley
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - A Scott Laney
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Nafees AA, Muneer MZ, Irfan M, Kadir MM, Semple S, De Matteis S, Burney P, Cullinan P. Byssinosis and lung health among cotton textile workers: baseline findings of the MultiTex trial in Karachi, Pakistan. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:129-136. [PMID: 36717255 PMCID: PMC9985716 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association of exposure in cotton mills in Karachi with different definitions of byssinosis and lung health. METHODS This cross-sectional survey took place between June 2019 and October 2020 among 2031 workers across 38 spinning and weaving mills in Karachi. Data collection involved questionnaire-based interviews, spirometry and measurements of personal exposure to inhalable dust. Byssinosis was defined using both WHO symptoms-based (work-related chest tightness), and Schilling's criteria (symptoms with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Values of FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio below the lower limit of normality on postbronchodilator test were considered as 'chronic airflow obstruction' (CAO). RESULTS 56% of participants had at least one respiratory symptom, while 43% had shortness of breath (grade 1). Prevalence of byssinosis according to WHO criteria was 3%, it was 4% according to Schilling's criteria, and likewise for CAO. We found low inhalable dust exposures (geometric mean: 610 µg/m3). Cigarette smoking (≥3.5 pack-years), increasing duration of employment in the textile industry and work in the spinning section were important factors found to be associated with several respiratory outcomes. CONCLUSION We found a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms but a low prevalence of byssinosis. Most respiratory outcomes were associated with duration of employment in textile industry. We have discussed the challenges faced in using current, standard guidelines for identifying byssinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaad Ahmed Nafees
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan .,National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Muhammad Zia Muneer
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sean Semple
- Institute of Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Sara De Matteis
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Peter Burney
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Cullinan
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Bostancı Ö, Karaduman E, Çolak Y, Yılmaz AK, Kabadayı M, Bilgiç S. Respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in unvaccinated athletes before and after COVID-19 infection: A prospective cohort study. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 308:103983. [PMID: 36343877 PMCID: PMC9635222 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated abnormalities and recovery in respiratory function after COVID-19 infection in an unvaccinated elite athlete population. METHODS Measurements included maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). RESULTS The most frequent reported symptoms were fatigue with 80% and muscle/joint pain and headache with 50%, whereas only 10% reported dyspnoea and 30% cough. During follow-up, MIP was up to 13% and MEP up to 8% lower following COVID-19 infection. Likewise, FEV1 was up to 2% and FVC up to 5% lower. While MEP and FEV1 rapidly normalised, MIP and FVC still remained abnormal after 52 days of COVID-19 infection, thereby leading to a restrictive ventilatory pattern. PEF seemed unaffected during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 decreases respiratory function in unvaccinated athletes despite reporting few respiratory symptoms and having mild disease. An initiative aimed at reducing the long-term adverse effects following COVID-19 infection seems warranted, which perhaps may be avoided through vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Bostancı
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Emre Karaduman
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye.
| | - Yunus Çolak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Ali Kerim Yılmaz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Menderes Kabadayı
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Sait Bilgiç
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
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Choi KY, Lee HJ, Lee JK, Park TY, Heo EY, Kim DK, Lee HW. Rapid FEV 1/FVC Decline Is Related With Incidence of Obstructive Lung Disease and Mortality in General Population. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e4. [PMID: 36593688 PMCID: PMC9807769 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) naturally decreases with age; however, an excessive decline may be related with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the FEV1/FVC decline rate in the Korean general population and to identify whether rapid FEV1/FVC decline is a risk factor for obstructive lung disease (OLD) and all-cause and respiratory mortality. METHODS We evaluated individuals aged 40-69 years who underwent baseline and biannual follow-up spirometric assessments for up to 18 years, excluding those with airflow limitations at baseline. Based on the quartiles of the annual FEV1/FVC decline rate, the most negative FEV1/FVC change (1st quartile of annual FEV1/FVC decline rate) was classified as rapid FEV1/FVC decline. We investigated the risk of progression to OLD and all-cause and respiratory mortality in individuals with rapid FEV1/FVC decline. RESULTS The annual FEV1/FVC decline rate in the eligible 7,768 patients was 0.32 percentage point/year. The incidence rate of OLD was significantly higher in patients with rapid FEV1/FVC decline than in those with non-rapid FEV1/FVC decline (adjusted incidence rate, 2.119; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.932-2.324). Rapid FEV1/FVC decline was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard [HR], 1.374; 95% CI, 1.105-1.709) and respiratory mortality (adjusted HR, 1.353; 95% CI, 1.089-1.680). CONCLUSION The annual FEV1/FVC decline rate was 0.32%p in the general population in Korea. The incidence rate of OLD and the hazards of all-cause and respiratory mortality were increased in rapid FEV1/FVC decliners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Yong Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Heo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim SH, Lee H, Joo H, Choi H, Sim YS, Rhee CK, Park YB, Kim Y, Yoo KH. Risk of Rapid Lung Function Decline in Young Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e3. [PMID: 36593687 PMCID: PMC9807770 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether young adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at an increased risk of rapid lung function decline. A total of 2,934 Korean adults aged 40-49 years who had consecutive lung function measurements were included. COPD was defined as pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity < lower limit of normal. The risk of rapid decline in FEV1, defined as ≥ 60 mL/year, was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. In the multivariable model, a significantly higher risk of rapid decline in FEV1 was observed for the COPD group compared with the non-COPD group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-2.95), which was especially significant in subjects with FEV1 less than the median value (< 110%pred) (Pinteraction = 0.017) and inactive physical activity (Pinteraction = 0.039). In conclusion, the risk of rapid FEV1 decline was higher in young adults with COPD than in those without COPD, especially in those with FEV1 less than the median value and inactive physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyonsoo Joo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Su Sim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youlim Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lima JHP, Jorge PPO, Solé D, Wandalsen GF. Impulse oscillometry in children and adolescents with persistent asthma and its correlation with spirometry. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2022; 50:10-6. [PMID: 36545702 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v50iSP3.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Spirometry is the traditional test for assessing lung function, while impulse oscillometrics is an alternative resource that measures the impedance of the respiratory system. OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the pulmonary function of children and adolescents with asthma by impulse oscillometry and correlate the findings with those obtained by spirometry. METHODS A cross-sectional study in which the pulmonary function of asthmatic children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years was evaluated, categorized by the level of disease control according to the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or Children Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) into controlled (ACT/C-ACT>19; n = 70) and uncontrolled (ACT/C-ACT ≤ 19; n = 60). RESULTS A total of 130 asthmatic children and adolescents were evaluated (51% were males). There were no significant differences in the parameter values of both tests when patients were divided by the level of asthma control. Altered impulse oscillometry and spirometry were performed in 20 and 25% of the cases, respectively. Changes in impulse oscillometry were more frequent in patients with controlled asthma. R5 (%), X5 (%), and Fres showed moderate correlation with the main spirometric parameters, being stronger between X5 (%) and FEV1/FVC (%) (r: -0,58; P < 0,05) in patients with controlled asthma. Bronchodilator response was observed in a similar number of patients in both exams, but with reasonable agreement. CONCLUSIONS Impulse oscillometry values showed a weak or moderate correlation with spirometry values.
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Hua JT, Zell-Baran L, Go LHT, Kramer MR, Van Bree JB, Chambers D, Newbigin K, Deller D, Matula M, Fireman E, Dahbash M, Martinez-Gonzalez C, León-Jimenez A, Sack C, Ferrer Sancho J, Villar A, Almberg KS, Cohen RA, Rose CS. Response to: Correspondence on 'Demographic, exposure and clinical characteristics in a multinational registry of engineered stone workers with silicosis' by Hoy et al. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:849-850. [PMID: 36167786 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Tang Hua
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA .,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lauren Zell-Baran
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Leonard H T Go
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Chambers
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina Newbigin
- Department of Radiology, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Deller
- Gold Coast Respiratory and Sleep Clinic, Pindara Private Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Matula
- Griffith University School of Allied Health Sciences, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Fireman
- Institute of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mor Dahbash
- Occupational Environmental Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Antonio León-Jimenez
- Pulmonology, Allergy and Thoracic Surgery Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Coralynn Sack
- Departments of Medicine and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Ana Villar
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kirsten S Almberg
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert A Cohen
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cecile S Rose
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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11
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Lee JH, Yim JJ, Park J. Pulmonary function and chest computed tomography abnormalities 6-12 months after recovery from COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Res 2022; 23:233. [PMID: 36068582 PMCID: PMC9446643 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors experience prolonged and varying symptoms, a condition termed post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). However, the prevalence of chronic pulmonary sequelae of PACS during long-term follow-up remains unclear. Several studies have examined this issue and reported heterogeneous results. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of the pulmonary sequelae of COVID-19, as demonstrated by pulmonary function testing (PFT) and chest computed tomography (CT) performed at least 6 months after initial infection. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 to identify related studies. We investigated whether the prevalence of pulmonary sequelae decreased over time and attempted to identify the factors associated with their development by performing multiple subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results Of the 18,062 studies identified, 30 met our eligibility criteria. Among these studies, 25 and 22 had follow-up PFT and chest CT data, respectively. The follow-up durations were approximately 6 and 12 months in 18 and 12 studies, respectively. Impaired diffusion capacity was the most common abnormality on PFT (pooled prevalence 35%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 30–41%) with a prevalence of 39% (95% CI 34–45%) and 31% (95% CI 21–40%) in the 6-month and 12-month follow-up studies, respectively (P = 0.115). Restrictive pulmonary dysfunction evident as reduced forced vital capacity was less frequent (pooled prevalence 8%, 95% CI 6–11%); however, its prevalence was lower in the 12-month follow-up studies than in the 6-month follow-up studies (5% [95% CI 3–7%] vs. 13% [95% CI 8–19%], P = 0.006). On follow-up chest CT, the pooled prevalence of persistent ground-glass opacities and pulmonary fibrosis was 34% (95% CI 24–44%) and 32% (95% CI 23–40%), respectively, and the prevalence did not decrease over time. As every meta-analysis showed significant between-study heterogeneity, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify potential effect modifiers; the severity of index infection was associated with the prevalence of impaired diffusion capacity and pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusions A substantial number of COVID-19 survivors displayed pulmonary sequelae as part of PACS. Except for restrictive pulmonary dysfunction, the prevalence of these sequelae did not decrease until 1 year after initial infection. Considering the association between the severity of acute COVID-19 and risk of pulmonary sequelae, patients who recover from severe COVID-19 require close respiratory follow-up. Systematic review registration number PROSPERO CRD42021234357 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02163-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Joon Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jimyung Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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12
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Hua JT, Zell-Baran L, Go LHT, Kramer MR, Van Bree JB, Chambers D, Deller D, Newbigin K, Matula M, Fireman E, Dahbash M, Martinez-Gonzalez C, León-Jimenez A, Sack C, Ferrer J, Villar A, Almberg KS, Cohen RA, Rose CS. Demographic, exposure and clinical characteristics in a multinational registry of engineered stone workers with silicosis. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:oemed-2021-108190. [PMID: 35504722 PMCID: PMC9453561 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-108190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate differences in workplace exposure, demographic and clinical findings in engineered stone (ES) workers from a multinational consortium using the Engineered Stone Silicosis Investigators (ESSI) Global Silicosis Registry. METHODS With ethics board approval in Israel, Spain, Australia and the USA, ES workers ages 18+ with a physician diagnosis of work-related silicosis were enrolled. Demographic, occupational, radiologic, pulmonary function and silica-related comorbidity data were compared cross-sectionally among countries using analysis of variance, Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression. RESULTS Among 169 ES workers with silicosis, most were men, with mean age 51.7 (±11.4) years. Mean work tenure in stone fabrication or masonry was 19.9 (±9.8) years. Different methods of case ascertainment explained some inter-country differences, for example, workers in Queensland, Australia with a state-based surveillance program were likely to be identified earlier and with shorter work tenure. Overall, 32.5% of workers had progressive massive fibrosis, the most severe form of dust-related pneumoconiosis, of whom 18.5% reported ≤10 years of work tenure. Lung function impairment including restriction, reduced diffusion capacity and hypoxaemia was common, as was autoimmunity. CONCLUSIONS Findings from a multinational registry represent a unique effort to compare demographic, exposure and clinical information from ES workers with silicosis, and suggest a substantial emerging population of workers worldwide with severe and irreversible silica-associated diseases. This younger worker population is at high risk for disease progression, multiple comorbidities and severe disability. The ESSI registry provides an ongoing framework for investigating epidemiological trends and developing prospective studies for prevention and treatment of these workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Tang Hua
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lauren Zell-Baran
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Leonard H T Go
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Chambers
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Deller
- Gold Coast Respiratory and Sleep Clinic, Pindara Private Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina Newbigin
- Department of Radiology, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Matula
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Fireman
- Occupational Environmental Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mor Dahbash
- Occupational Environmental Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Antonio León-Jimenez
- Pulmonology, Allergy and Thoracic Surgery Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Coralynn Sack
- Departments of Medicine & Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jaume Ferrer
- Pulmonology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Villar
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kirsten S Almberg
- School of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert A Cohen
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cecile S Rose
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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13
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Schmölzer GM. Face mask or Laryngeal Mask during positive pressure ventilation for Term newborns: Is one preferable than the other? Resuscitation 2022; 171:96-97. [PMID: 35026331 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg M Schmölzer
- Centre for the Studies of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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14
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Wainstein EJ, Peroni HJ, Ferreyro BL, Staneloni MI, Marcos MG, Wolfgor A, Aliperti VI, Castro HM. Incidence of COVID-19 after pulmonary function tests: a retrospective cohort study. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba 2021; 78:367-70. [PMID: 34962729 DOI: 10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n4.34351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been proposed that exposure to pulmonary function tests (PFT) could be associated with a higher risk of viral transmission. The frequency of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission after performing PFT is unknown. We aimed to assess the incidence of COVID-19 after a PFT at an academic teaching facility in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all consecutive adult patients that performed PFT between April 1, 2020 and September 30, 2020. Patients with prior COVID-19 were excluded. We defined a 15-day time window to ascertain PFT related COVID-19. The primary outcome was ascertained by consulting a national database, which has information on all patients with nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 in Argentina. Results We included 278 patients who performed a PFT. Fifty percent were women, the mean age was 54 years (SD 18), and the main comorbidities were obesity (31%), smoking (31%), hypertension (29%), and chronic lung disease (28%). 414 PFT were performed: 270 spirometries, 80 diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide, 40 six-minute walk tests and 19 plethysmographs. Main indication for performing PFT was anesthetic preoperative risk assessment. Swabs were collected from 27 patients (10%). Twenty-two swabs (81%) were taken according to surgical protocols; five swabs (19%) were taken due to clinical suspicion of COVID-19, with only one testing positive. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 after PFT was 0.36% (95% CI 0.01-20%). None of the technicians developed symptomatic disease. Conclusion Given the right setting and strict adherence to international recommendations, the SARS-CoV-2 infection after having a PFT appears to be low, which follows that these procedures can be performed safely for both patients and staff.
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15
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Santos-Martínez LE, Arias-Jiménez A, Quevedo-Paredes J, Gómez-López L, Ordoñez-Reyna A, Moreno-Ruiz LA. [Characterization of gas exchange parameters in Mexico City]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2021; 59:473-481. [PMID: 34905321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At high altitude the gas exchange is impaired, in the moderate altitude of Mexico City they are not yet defined. OBJECTIVE To characterize the gas exchange in the moderate altitude of Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS Through an analytical cross-sectional study, subjects born and inhabitants of Mexico City, both genders, aged 20 to 59 years without cardiopulmonary disease, were studied. Their demographic variables, simple spirometry and arterial blood gas were recorded. Differences in variables were calculated with one-way ANOVA for independent groups and Bonferroni adjustment. p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. RESULTS 335 subjects were studied, 168 (50.15%) men. Group age 45 ± 11 years old, body mass index 22.97 ± 1.54 Kg/m2. Forced expiratory volume ratio in the first second / Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) 91.58 ± 12.86%. The arterial oxygen pressure was: 66 ± 5.02 mmHg, carbon dioxide: 32.07 ± 2.66 mmHg, arterial oxygen saturation: 93.0 3 ± 1.80%, and hemoglobin: 14.07 ± 1.52 gr/dL. CONCLUSIONS The arterial oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide are lowered at the Mexico City altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Efren Santos-Martínez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Cardiología, Servicio de Hipertensión Pulmonar y Corazón Derecho. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adrián Arias-Jiménez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades "Antonio Fraga Mouret", Coordinación del Curso Profesional Técnico Universitario en Terapia Respiratoria. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Javier Quevedo-Paredes
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades "Antonio Fraga Mouret", Coordinación del Curso Profesional Técnico Universitario en Terapia Respiratoria. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Leticia Gómez-López
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades "Antonio Fraga Mouret", Coordinación del Curso Profesional Técnico Universitario en Terapia Respiratoria. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adriana Ordoñez-Reyna
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Cardiología, Servicio de Hipertensión Pulmonar y Corazón Derecho. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis Antonio Moreno-Ruiz
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Cardiología, Servicio de Cardiología. Ciudad de México, México
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Ratanachina J, Amaral A, De Matteis S, Cullinan P, Burney P. Farming, pesticide exposure and respiratory health: a cross-sectional study in Thailand. Occup Environ Med 2021; 79:38-45. [PMID: 34162719 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association of lung function and respiratory symptoms with farming, particularly pesticide use, in an agricultural province in Thailand. METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional survey of adults aged 40-65 in Nan province, Thailand, between May and August 2019. We randomly recruited 345 villagers and enriched the sample with 82 government employees. All participants performed post-bronchodilator spirometry and completed a questionnaire covering information on respiratory symptoms, farming activities, pesticide use and known risk factors for respiratory disease. Associations of respiratory outcomes with farming and pesticide exposures were examined by multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS The response rate was 94%. The prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction among villagers was 5.5%. Villagers had, on average, a lower percent predicted post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) than government employees (98.3% vs 100.3%; p=0.04). There was no evidence of association of lung function with farming activities, the use of specific herbicides (glyphosate and paraquat), insecticides (organophosphates and pyrethroids) or fungicides. The exceptions were poultry farming, associated with chronic cough and an increase of FEV1/FVC, and atrazine, for which duration (p-trend <0.01), intensity (p-trend <0.01) and cumulative hours (p-trend=0.01) of use were all associated with higher FEV1/FVC in an exposure-response manner. Cumulative hours (-280 mL/hour), low duration (-270 mL/year) and intensity (-270 mL/hour/year) of atrazine use were associated with lower FVC. CONCLUSIONS Chronic airflow obstruction is uncommon among villagers of an agricultural province in Nan, Thailand. Farming and pesticide use are unlikely to be major causes of respiratory problems there.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jate Ratanachina
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK .,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andre Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sara De Matteis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Paul Cullinan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Burney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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Kang HR, Lee YJ, Lee HY, Park TY, Lee JK, Heo EY, Chung HS, Choi SH, Kim DK. The Impact of Erosive Reflux Esophagitis on the Decline of Lung Function in the General Population. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e29. [PMID: 33527781 PMCID: PMC7850861 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of reflux esophagitis on the decline of lung function has been rarely reported. This study was performed to evaluate the association between erosive reflux esophagitis and lung function changes. METHODS We included patients with normal lung function who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for health screening from a health screening center. Patients with persistent erosive reflux esophagitis on two discrete endoscopic examinations were designated as the erosive reflux esophagitis group. We also selected patients without erosive reflux esophagitis and matched them 1:4 with patients from the erosive reflux esophagitis group. We estimated annual forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC) changes from baseline and compared these estimates by the linear mixed regression model. We also estimated the biannual incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RESULTS In total, 1,050 patients (210 patients with erosive reflux esophagitis, and 840 matched controls) were included. The median follow-up duration for spirometry was six years. In patients with erosive reflux esophagitis, mild reflux esophagitis (A grade) was most common (165 patients, 78.6%). The adjusted annual FEV₁ change in patients with erosive reflux esophagitis was -51.8 mL/yr, while it decreased by 46.8 mL/yr in controls (P = 0.270). The adjusted annual FVC decline was similar between the two groups (-55.8 vs. -50.5 mL/yr, P = 0.215). The estimated COPD incidence during the follow-up period was not different between the erosive reflux esophagitis and control groups. CONCLUSION In patients with normal lung function, the presence of erosive reflux esophagitis did not affect the annual declines in FEV₁ or FVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rin Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye Jin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kang Dong Sacred Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Youn Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Serim General Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Tae Yun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Kyu Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Soon Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Mustafaoğlu R, Birinci T, Mutlu EK, Ozdincler AR. Chest Wall Mobility: Identification of Underlying Predictors. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:891-900. [PMID: 32896419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify factors contributing to normal mobility or hypermobility of the chest wall. METHODS Seventy-eight young adults were divided into 2 groups: patients with normal mobility (group 1, n = 40) and hypermobility of the chest wall (group 2, n = 38). The mean mobility of the chest wall in groups 1 and 2 was 9.9 and 6.1 cm, respectively. The mean age of groups 1 and 2 was 22.2 and 21.5 years, respectively. The Brief Symptom Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Perceived Stress Scale were used to evaluate the psychometric properties. Quality of life was assessed using 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. Smoking status was determined via self-report of current smoking status. Chest wall mobility was measured using thoracic and axillary cirtometry. Pulmonary functions were evaluated using a Spirobank II device. Subsequently, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow 25% to 75% were verified. Carefusion Micro RPM and the 6-minute walk test were used to evaluate maximal respiratory pressures and functional capacity, respectively. RESULTS With backward linear regression models, FVC and obsessive-compulsive traits were significant predictors of chest wall mobility (R² = 0.27; P < .001 and P = .01, respectively). In logistic regression models, FVC, maximum inspiratory pressure, and obsessive-compulsive traits were significant predictors of normal mobility/hypermobility of the chest wall (R² = 0.42; P < .001, P = .01, and P = .03, respectively). CONCLUSION Forced vital capacity, maximum inspiratory pressure, and obsessive-compulsive traits are significant predictors of chest wall mobility and normal mobility or hypermobility of the chest wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüstem Mustafaoğlu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tansu Birinci
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Institute of Graduate Studies, Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Kaya Mutlu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Razak Ozdincler
- Biruni University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Hammoda HMB, Al Saleh J, Mahmood K, Darwish OAHM, Musa MEA, Rezzek MS. Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) and Lung Involvement: The Forgotten Association. Oman Med J 2020; 35:e105. [PMID: 32181007 PMCID: PMC7060987 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology, commonly occurring in the elderly and is associated with a good prognosis. Patients usually present with pain in the neck, shoulders, and hips. The onset is often abrupt and is associated with depression and flu-like symptoms. Lung involvement in patients with PMR is unusual. Here we report a rare case of a 66-year-old man who presented with clinical features of PMR and respiratory symptoms, namely exertional dyspnea and dry cough.
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20
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Hajijafari M, Mehrzad L, Asgarian FS, Akbari H, Ziloochi MH. Effect of Intravenous Propofol and Inhaled Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Postoperative Spirometric Indices: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Pain Med 2019; 9:e96559. [PMID: 32280616 PMCID: PMC7118678 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.96559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anesthetic drugs may directly or indirectly affect respiratory function. We investigated the effects of intravenous propofol and inhaled sevoflurane anesthesia on postoperative spirometric indices in patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy surgery. Methods We randomly assigned 111 patients, aged 18 - 65 years, undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy surgery, to receive either intravenous propofol or inhaled sevoflurane. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC were measured before and after anesthesia. Comparisons between the two groups were made using the t-test and ANOVA. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, height, body weight, BMI, pain score, ASA class, operation duration, and received analgesics. The FEV1 and FVC values significantly decreased after the operation in the sevoflurane group. Conclusions Both intravenous propofol and inhaled sevoflurane can decrease postoperative spirometry parameters. However, it seems that patients receiving propofol have less decreased spirometric indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hajijafari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Anesthesiology, Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code: 8719844547, Kashan, Iran. Tel: +98-9132648158,
| | - Leila Mehrzad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Akbari
- School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Tian XY, Liu CH, Wang DX, Ji XL, Shi H, Zheng CY, Xie MS, Xiao W. Spirometric Reference Equations for Elderly Chinese in Jinan Aged 60-84 Years. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1016-1022. [PMID: 29553052 PMCID: PMC5937307 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.227840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The interpretation of spirometry varies on different reference values. Older people are usually underrepresented in published predictive values. This study aimed at developing spirometric reference equations for elderly Chinese in Jinan aged 60–84 years and to compare them to previous equations. Methods: The project covered all of Jinan city, and the recruitment period lasted 9 months from January 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017, 434 healthy people aged 60–84 years who had never smoked (226 females and 208 males) were recruited to undergo spirometry. Vital capacity (VC), forced VC (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, FEV1/VC, FEV6, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 25–75% of FVC exhaled (FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, and FEF25–75%) were analyzed. Reference equations for mean and the lower limit of normal (LLN) were derived using the lambda-mu-sigma method. Comparisons between new and previous equations were performed by paired t-test. Results: New reference equations were developed from the sample. The LLN of FEV1/FVC, FEF25–75% computed using the 2012-Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) and 2006-Hong Kong equations were both lower than the new equations. The biggest degree of difference for FEV1/FVC was 19% (70.46% vs. 59.29%, t = 33.954, P < 0.01) and for maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF, equals to FEF25–75%) was 22% (0.82 vs. 0.67, t = 21.303, P < 0.01). The 1990-North China and 2009-North China equations predicted higher mean values of FEV1/FVC and FEF25–75% than the present model. The biggest degrees of difference were −4% (78.31% vs. 81.27%, t = −85.359, P < 0.01) and −60% (2.11 vs. 4.68, t = −170.287, P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusions: The newly developed spirometric reference equations are applicable to elderly Chinese in Jinan. The 2012-GLI and 2006-Hong Kong equations may lead to missed diagnoses of obstructive ventilatory defects and the small airway dysfunction, while traditional linear equations for all ages may lead to overdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Tian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chun-Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - De-Xiang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiu-Li Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, Jinan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Meng-Shuang Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Joo S, Lee Y, Song CH. Immediate Effects of Thoracic Spinal Manipulation on Pulmonary Function in Stroke Patients: A Preliminary Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2018; 41:602-608. [PMID: 30121128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of thoracic spinal manipulation (TSM) on pulmonary function in stroke patients. METHODS Thirty-six volunteers with stroke (20 men, 16 women) were recruited and randomized to a TSM group (n = 18) and a sham group (n = 18). All participants underwent initial pulmonary function test and then rested supine for 10 minutes before the intervention. Pulmonary function test was repeated immediately after the intervention. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at 1 second, maximum voluntary ventilation, and residual volume were measured by a spirometer in preintervention and post-intervention. RESULTS Significant between-group differences were observed in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume at 1 second in the TSM group (P < .05). No significant changes in dependent variables were seen in the sham group. CONCLUSION The pulmonary function values for patients in the TSM group were significantly enhanced with no significant improvement in maximum voluntary ventilation and residual volume. Mechanical factors may be responsible for the improved pulmonary function in the TSM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Joo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yongwoo Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Song
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim G, Song H, Park K, Noh H, Lee E, Lee H, Kim H, Paek Y. Association of Time to First Morning Cigarette and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Measured by Spirometry in Current Smokers. Korean J Fam Med 2018; 39:67-73. [PMID: 29629037 PMCID: PMC5876051 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Time to first cigarette after waking is an indicator of nicotine dependence. We aimed to identify the association between time to first cigarette and spirometry-proven obstructive respiratory impairment, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in current smokers. Methods We included 392 subjects who visited the comprehensive medical examination center of Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital between July 2014 and September 2015. Subjects with lung disease or anemia were excluded. Obstructive pulmonary impairment was defined as <70% of the predicted value of forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity. Subjects were classified into the early (≤30 minutes) and late (>30 minutes) groups based on the time to first cigarette. Logistic regression and linear regression analyses were used for data analysis. Results Ninety-eight subjects (25%) were classified into the early group. After adjusting for smoking behaviors (cigarettes per day and smoking duration), socioeconomic status (education and income), age, and physical activity, an early time to first cigarette was found to be associated with an increased risk of obstructive pulmonary impairment measured using spirometry (adjusted odds ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–6.61). Conclusion Compared to current smokers with a late time to first cigarette, those with an early time to first cigarette had a higher risk of obstructive pulmonary impairment, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Classifying smoking-related behaviors, especially time to first cigarette, may help target clinical screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geonhyeok Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hongji Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyemi Noh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyoeun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hayoon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yujin Paek
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
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Ngan AY, Cheung PY, Hudson-Mason A, O'Reilly M, van Os S, Kumar M, Aziz K, Schmölzer GM. Using exhaled CO 2 to guide initial respiratory support at birth: a randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2017; 102:F525-F531. [PMID: 28596379 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE A sustained inflation (SI) provided at birth might reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine whether an SI-guided exhaled carbon dioxide (ECO2) compared with positive pressure ventilation (PPV) alone at birth decreases BPD. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. Infants were randomly allocated to either SI (SI group) or PPV (PPV group). PARTICIPANTS Participants of this study include infants between 23+0 and 32+6 weeks gestation with a need for PPV at birth. INTERVENTION Infants randomised into the SI group received an initial SI with a peak inflation pressure (PIP) of 24 cmH2O over 20 s. The second SI was guided by the amount of ECO2. If ECO2 was ≤20 mm Hg, a further SI of 20 s was delivered. If ECO2 was >20 mm Hg the second SI was 10 s. Infants randomised into the PPV group received mask PPV with an initial PIP of 24 cmH2O. PRIMARY OUTCOMES Reduction in BPD defined as the need for respiratory support or supplemental oxygen at corrected gestational age of 36 weeks. RESULTS SI (n=76) and PPV (n=86) group had similar rates of BPD (23% vs 33%, p=0.090, not statistically significant). The duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly reduced with SI versus PPV (63 (10-246) hours versus 204 (17-562) hours, respectively (p=0.045)). No short-term harmful effects were identified from two SI lasting up to 40 s (eg, pneumothorax, intraventricular haemorrhage or patent ductus arteriosus). CONCLUSION Preterm infants <33 weeks gestation receiving SI at birth had lower duration of mechanical ventilation and similar incidence of BPD compared with PPV. Using ECO2 to guide length of SI is feasible. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01739114; Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Y Ngan
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Po-Yin Cheung
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ann Hudson-Mason
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan O'Reilly
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sylvia van Os
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Khalid Aziz
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Georg M Schmölzer
- Centre for the Study of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Kim TB, Park IN. Larger Testicular Volume Is Independently Associated with Favorable Indices of Lung Function. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2017; 80:385-391. [PMID: 28905534 PMCID: PMC5617855 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2016.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, have reduced endogenous testosterone levels, but the relationship between pulmonary function and endogenous testosterone levels, is inconsistent. Testicular volume is a known indicator of endogenous testosterone levels, male fertility, and male potency. In the present study, the authors investigated the relationship, between testicular volume and lung function. METHODS One hundred and eighty-one South Korean men age 40-70, hospitalized for urological surgery, were retrospectively enrolled, irrespective of the presence of respiratory disease. Study subjects underwent pulmonary function testing, prior to procedures, and testicular volumes were measured by orchidometry. Testosterone levels of patients in blood samples collected between 7 AM and 11 AM, were measured by a direct chemiluminescent immunoassay. RESULTS The 181 study subjects were divided into two groups, by testicular volume (≥35 mL vs. <35 mL), the larger testes group, had better lung functions (forced vital capacity [FVC]: 3.87±0.65 L vs. 3.66±0.65 L, p=0.037; forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV₁]: 2.92±0.57 L vs. 2.65±0.61 L, p=0.002; FVC % predicted: 98.2±15.2% vs. 93.8±13.1%, p=0.040; FEV₁ % predicted: 105.4±19.5% vs. 95.9±21.2%, p=0.002). In addition, the proportion of patients with a FEV₁/FVC of <70%, was lower in the larger testes group. Univariate analysis conducted using linear regression models, revealed that testicular volume was correlated with FVC (r=0.162, p=0.029), FEV₁ (r=0.218, p=0.003), FEV₁/FVC (r=0.149, p=0.046), and FEV₁ % predicted (r=0.178, p=0.017), and multivariate analysis using linear regression models, revealed that testicular volume was a significant predictive factor for FEV₁ % predicted (β=0.159, p=0.041). CONCLUSION Larger testicular volume was independently associated, with favorable indices of lung function. These results suggest that androgens, may contribute to better lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Beom Kim
- Department of Urology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - I Nae Park
- Department of Pulmonology, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Kaya L, Özel D, Özel BD. Evaluating Qualitative and Quantitative Computerized Tomography Indicators of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Their Correlation with Pulmonary Function Tests. Pol J Radiol 2017; 82:511-515. [PMID: 29662581 PMCID: PMC5894001 DOI: 10.12659/pjr.901968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasingly aging populations, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death today. Emphysematous changes, an important component of the disease, must be determined on HRCT, either qualitatively or quantitatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate features that help determine emphysematous changes and correlate them with respiratory function tests (RFTs). MATERIAL/METHODS A total of thirty COPD patients and a control group of the same size, matched for age, were included in the study. The mean lung parenchyma density values on inspiration and expiration, visual HRCT scores, and pulmonary function tests were obtained. IBM SPSS statistical software (version 22) was used to perform correlation analysis (Pearson's coefficient) and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The most valuable RFTs for determining emphysematous changes were DLCO, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC, in that order. Quantitative measures of the mean lung density had the highest correlation with coefficient on expiration. CONCLUSIONS As regards the comparison between objective and subjective density values, the HRCT-based visual density values are satisfactory. On the other hand, the best assessment can be performed with the use of mean density values on expiration. DLCO, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were found to be valuable parameters in determining parenchymal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerzan Kaya
- Radiology Clinic, Okmeydani Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Özel
- Radiology Clinic, Okmeydani Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Betül Duran Özel
- Radiology Clinic, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Zhao QL, Yu L, Zhi LL, Jin P, Zi XX, Zhao L, Li A, Tu YY, Shi L, Zhang HP. The relationship between lung function and the clinical and histopathological features in Chinese patients with nasal polyps. J Laryngol Otol 2017; 131:880-8. [PMID: 28807078 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215117001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate lung function in Chinese patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and examine its association with histopathological features. METHODS The lung function of 99 patients with nasal polyps was measured. Haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to evaluate any inflammatory cells and epithelial tissue remodelling. RESULTS Predicted maximal expiratory flow rate at 25 per cent vital capacity was reduced (p < 0.05) in epithelial hyperplasia, and predicted maximal expiratory flow rate at 50 per cent vital capacity was reduced (p < 0.05) in goblet cell hyperplasia. Both peripheral blood eosinophilia and tissue eosinophilia nasal polyps manifested significantly reduced: forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio, predicted maximal expiratory flow rate at 25, 50 and 75 per cent of vital capacity, and predicted maximal mid-expiratory flow. Peripheral blood eosinophils were negatively correlated with predicted maximal expiratory flow rate at 25 and 50 per cent of vital capacity, and predicted maximal mid-expiratory flow. Eosinophils in tissue were negatively correlated with all lung function parameters investigated except predicted forced vital capacity. CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of lung function decline in nasal polyps patients, especially in those with tissue eosinophilia.
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Koo HK, Kang HK, Song P, Park HK, Lee SS, Jung H. Systemic White Blood Cell Count as a Biomarker Associated with Severity of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2017; 80:304-310. [PMID: 28747965 PMCID: PMC5526959 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2017.80.3.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder. We evaluated whether white blood cell (WBC) count, is associated with the severity of COPD, independent of other inflammatory conditions, such as metabolic syndrome. Methods The WBC counts were compared between 1227 COPD patients and 8679 non-COPD adults older than 40. The relationships between the WBC count, lung function, and symptoms score in COPD patients, were determined, using general linear regression analyses. Results The WBC count was negatively associated with forced vital capacity (FVC, L), FVC (% predicted), forced expiry volume in one second (FEV1, L), and FEV1 (% predicted) in COPD patients. Additionally, the WBC count was independently associated with the quality of life measure, by EQ5D-index score. However, this relationship between WBC count, and disease severity, was not significant in current smokers, because of the confounding effect of smoking, on the WBC count. Conclusion The WBC count is associated with current smoking status and COPD severity, and a risk factor for poor lung function, and quality of life, especially in non-currently smoking COPD patients. The WBC count can be used, as an easily measurable COPD biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Kyoung Koo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyung Koo Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Pamela Song
- Department of Neurology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Soon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hoon Jung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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Lee JY, Chon GR, Rhee CK, Kim DK, Yoon HK, Lee JH, Yoo KH, Lee SH, Lee SY, Kim TE, Kim TH, Park YB, Hwang YI, Kim YS, Jung KS. Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at the First Visit to a Pulmonary Medical Center in Korea: The KOrea COpd Subgroup Study Team Cohort. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:553-60. [PMID: 27051239 PMCID: PMC4810338 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.4.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Korea Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders Subgroup Study Team (Korea COPD Subgroup Study team, KOCOSS) is a multicenter observational study that includes 956 patients (mean age 69.9 ± 7.8 years) who were enrolled from 45 tertiary and university-affiliated hospitals from December 2011 to October 2014. The initial evaluation for all patients included pulmonary function tests (PFT), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, and the COPD-specific version of St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C). Here, we report the comparison of baseline characteristics between patients with early- (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] stage I and II/groups A and B) and late-stage COPD (GOLD stage III and IV/groups C and D). Among all patients, the mean post-bronchodilator FEV1 was 55.8% ± 16.7% of the predicted value, and most of the patients were in GOLD stage II (520, 56.9%) and group B (399, 42.0%). The number of exacerbations during one year prior to the first visit was significantly lower in patients with early COPD (0.4 vs. 0.9/0.1 vs. 1.2), as were the CAT score (13.9 vs. 18.3/13.5 vs. 18.1), mMRC (1.4 vs. 2.0/1.3 vs.1.9), and SGRQ-C total score (30.4 vs. 42.9/29.1 vs. 42.6) compared to late-stage COPD (all P < 0.001). Common comorbidities among all patients were hypertension (323, 37.7%), diabetes mellitus (139, 14.8%), and depression (207, 23.6%). The data from patients with early COPD will provide important information towards early detection, proper initial management, and design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea
| | - Gyu Rak Chon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Haak Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Paul's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Il Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Sam Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Suck Jung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, Anyang, Korea
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Moon JH, Kong MH, Kim HJ. Implication of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity on Lung Function in Healthy Elderly: Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:1682-8. [PMID: 26539015 PMCID: PMC4630487 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.11.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated a positive association between obesity and decreased lung function. However, the effect of muscle and fat has not been fully assessed, especially in a healthy elderly population. In this study, we evaluated the impact of low muscle mass (LMM) and LMM with obesity on pulmonary impairment in healthy elderly subjects. Our study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2011. Men and women aged 65 yr or older were included. Muscle mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. LMM was defined as two standard deviations below the sex-specific mean for young healthy adults. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2). The prevalence of LMM in individuals aged over 65 was 11.9%. LMM and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second) were independently associated after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and frequency of exercise. LMM with obesity was also related to a decrease in pulmonary function. This study revealed that LMM is an independent risk factor of decreased pulmonary function in healthy Korean men and women over 65 yr of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Moon
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Graduate School of Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Kong
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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Bahtouee M, Saberifard J, Javadi H, Nabipour I, Malakizadeh H, Monavvarsadegh G, Ilkhani Pak H, Sadeghi A, Assadi M. 99mTc-IgG-Lung Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Pulmonary Involvement in Interstitial Lung Disease and Its Comparison With Pulmonary Function Tests and High-Resolution Computed Tomography: A Preliminary Study. Iran J Radiol 2015; 12:e14619. [PMID: 26715978 PMCID: PMC4691527 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.14619v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The discrimination of inactive inflammatory processes from the active form of the disease is of great importance in the management of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of 99mTc-IgG scan for the detection of severity of disease compared to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT). Patients and Methods: Eight known cases of ILD including four cases of Mustard gas (MG) intoxication and four patients with ILD of unknown cause were included in this study. A population of six patients without lung disease was considered as the control group. The patients underwent PFT and high-resolution computed tomography, followed by 99mTc-IgG scan. They were followed up for one year. 99mTc-IgG scan assessment of IgG uptake was accomplished both qualitatively (subjectively) and semiquantitatively. Results: All eight ILD patients demonstrated a strong increase in 99mTc-IgG uptake in the lungs, compared to the control patients. The 99mTc-IgG scan scores were higher in the patient group (0.64[95% confidence interval(CI)=0.61-0.69])) than the control group (0.35 (0.35[95% CI=0.28-0.40]), (P<0.05)). In patients, a statistically significant positive correlation was detected between 99mTc-IgG scan and HRCT scores (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.92, P < 0.008). The 99mTc-Human Immunoglobulin (HIG) scores were not significantly correlated with PFT findings (including FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC), O2 saturation and age ( P values > 0.05). There were no significant correlations between 99mTc-IgG score and HRCT patterns including ground glass opacity, reticular fibrosis and honeycombing (P value > 0.05). Conclusion: The present results confirmed that 99mTc-IgG scan could be applied to detect the severity of pulmonary involvement, which was well correlated with HRCT findings. This data also showed that the 99mTc-IgG scan might be used as a complement to HRCT in the functional evaluation of the clinical status in ILD; however, further studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Bahtouee
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Pulmonary), Bushehr Medical Center Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Jamshid Saberifard
- Department of Radiology, Bushehr Medical Center Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hamid Javadi
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hasan Malakizadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Pulmonary), Bushehr Medical Center Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Monavvarsadegh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Pulmonary), Bushehr Medical Center Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hoda Ilkhani Pak
- The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Azadeh Sadeghi
- The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Majid Assadi
- The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Corresponding author: Majid Assadi, The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. Tel: +98-7712541828, E-mail:
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Lee JY, Hwang YI, Park YB, Park JY, Kim KU, Oh YM, Yoon HK, Yoon HI, Sheen SS, Lee SY, Lee CH, Lee HB, Lim SC, Jung SS, Oh K, Kim Y, Chun C, Yoo KH. Prevalence of Spirometrically-defined Restrictive Ventilatory Defect in Korea: The Fourth-2, 3, and Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2012. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:725-32. [PMID: 26028924 PMCID: PMC4444472 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of restrictive ventilatory defect and to determine the risk factors in subjects with spirometrically-defined restrictive ventilatory defect. We used the population-based, fourth-2, 3 (2008, 2009) and fifth (2010-2012) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to analyze 15,073 subjects, aged ≥40 yr who underwent spirometry. Chest radiographs were also analyzed to identify restrictive lung disease. Spirometrically-defined restrictive ventilatory defect (FEV1/FVC≥70% and FVC<80% of mean predicted value) was detected in 11.3% (n= 1,709) of subjects aged ≥40 yr. The prevalence increased to 12.3% on using the lower limit of normal (LLN) criteria. Approximately 99.4% of subjects were classified as mild restrictive. Among these, 11.3% had inactive tuberculosis (TB) lesion, 2.2% cardiac disease, 2.0% previous operation scar or radiation injury and/or mediastinal disease, and 7.4% other pulmonary disease suggestive of restrictive lung diseases on chest radiograph. Evidence of previous TB history was independently associated with restrictive ventilatory defect (odds ratios [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.18) after adjustment for gender, age, smoking, area for residence and body mass index. The prevalence of restrictive ventilatory defect among the nationwide population in Korea was 11.3% with fixed ratio criterion and 12.3% with LLN criterion. Most cases were of the mild restrictive category and previous TB history is the independent risk factor for restrictive ventilatory defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea
| | - Yong Il Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Chilgok, Korea
| | - Ki Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sueng Su Sheen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung Bum Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital-Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Chaemin Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Smith LN, Smith ML, Fletcher ME, Henderson AJ. A 3D machine vision method for non-invasive assessment of respiratory function. Int J Med Robot 2015; 12:179-88. [PMID: 25968923 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory function testing is important for detecting and monitoring illness, however, it is difficult for some patients, such as the young and severely ill, to perform conventional tests that require cooperation and/or patient contact. METHOD A new method was developed for non-contact breathing measurement, employing photometric stereo to capture the surface topography of the torso of an unconstrained subject. The surface is integrated to calculate time-dependent volume changes during respiration. RESULTS The method provides a useful means of continuously measuring volume changes during respiration with high spatial and temporal resolution. The system was tested by comparison with pneumotachometry equipment and a clear periodic signal, of a frequency corresponding to the reference data, was observed. CONCLUSION The approach is unique in performing breathing monitoring (with potential diagnostic capability) for unconstrained patients in virtually any lighting conditions (including darkness during sleep) and in a non-contact, unobtrusive (i.e. using imperceptible light) fashion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Smith
- Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - M L Smith
- Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - M E Fletcher
- Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - A J Henderson
- Department of Engineering, Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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Nazemiyeh M, Sharifi A, Amiran F, Pourafkari L, Taban Sadeghi M, Namdar H, Abbasnezhad M. Relationship Between Prohormone Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Level and Severity of Pulmonary Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Congestive Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2015; 7:24-7. [PMID: 25859312 PMCID: PMC4378671 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2015.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common disease and its prevalence is increasing in industrialized countries. NT-proBNP measurement is an established diagnostic test for diagnosis of CHF in patients who present to emergency room with acute dyspnea. The primary object of this study was to determine the relationship between levels of brain natriuretic peptide precursor and severity of lung function impairment in patients with chronic CHF.
Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study that performed in Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences on 95 patients with chronic heart failure, and relation between NT-proBNP levels and pulmonary function parameters were examined.
Results: Sixty-four patients were male and 31 were female. The average age of male and females was 62.90 ± 11.54 and 61.61 ± 11.98 years, respectively. A significant inverse linear correlation was found between NT-proBNP and FEV1 (P < 0.001, r = -0.367), FVC (P < 0.001, r = -0.444), TLC (P = 0.022, r = -0.238), maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF) (P = 0.047, r = -0.207) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P < 0.001, r = -0.461). A significant positive linear correlation was found between NT-proBNP and FEV1/FVC (P = 0.013, r = 0.257), RV/TLC (P = 0.003, r=0.303) and 5 Hz Raw (r = 0.231, P = 0.024).
Conclusion: This study showed that, both restrictive and obstructive ventilator impairments can occur in chronic CHF and as NT-proBNP increases appropriate to hemodynamic deterioration, pulmonary dysfunction increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Nazemiyeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Sharifi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Amiran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Pourafkari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Namdar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasnezhad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sharifi A, Ansarin K. Effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease on disease severity and characteristics of lung functional changes in patients with asthma. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2014; 6:223-8. [PMID: 25610553 PMCID: PMC4291600 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2014.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Almost one third of patients with asthma have symptomatic evidence for coexisting gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is thought to be aggravating factor in asthma at least in some cases. We investigated the impact of coexisting GERD on asthma severity and parameters of lung function. METHODS Ninety two asthma patients diagnosed according to ATS criteria were studied. After full history and physical examination, asthma severity was measured in each patient using asthma control test (ACT). GERD symptoms was verified in each patient. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) and lung volume studies (using body-plethysmography and IOS) were performed. The difference between total airway resistance (TAWR) indicated by resistance at 5 Hz and central airway resistance (CAWR) as indicated by resistance at 20 Hz in oscillometry was calculated and considered as representative of resistance at peripheral airways (PAWR). The relationship between the presences of GERD symptoms, ACT score and parameters of lung function were analyzed. RESULTS PAWR and TAWR were both significantly higher in asthmatic patients with GERD symptoms than patients without GERD symptoms (256.64±161.21 versus 191.68±98.64; P=0.02, and 102.73±122.39 versus 56.76±71.43; P=0.01, respectively). However, no significant difference was noted in mean values of ACT, FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec), FVC (forced vital capacity), PEF (peak expiratory flow), and CAWR in these two groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the severity of asthma as measured by ACT score is not different in patients with and without GERD symptoms. However, total and peripheral airway resistance measured by IOS is significantly higher in asthmatic patients with GERD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Sharifi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
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Kim YJ, Shin SH, Park JW, Kyung SY, Kang SM, Lee SP, Sung YM, Kim YK, Jeong SH. Annual Change in Pulmonary Function and Clinical Characteristics of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Over a 3-Year Follow-up. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2014; 77:18-23. [PMID: 25114699 PMCID: PMC4127408 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2014.77.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) have different pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and outcomes than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The intention of this study was to identify unknown differences between CPFE and IPF by a retrospective comparison of clinical data including baseline and annual changes in pulmonary function, comorbidities, laboratory findings, clinical characteristics and cause of hospitalization. METHODS This study retrospectively enrolled patients with CPFE and IPF who had undergone PFTs once or several times per year during a follow-up period of three years. Baseline clinical characteristics and the annual changes in the pulmonary function during the follow-up period were compared between 26 with CPFE and 42 patients with IPF. RESULTS The baseline ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) in patients with CPFE was lower than that in patients with IPF (78.6±1.7 vs. 82.9±1.1, p=0.041). The annual decrease in FEV1/FVC in the CPFE was significantly higher than in the IPF. The annual decreases in diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide and FVC showed no significant differences between the two groups. The symptom durations of cough and sputum were in the CPFE significantly lower than in the IPF. The serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate level at the acute stage was significantly higher than in the IPF. There were no significant differences in the hospitalization rate and pneumonia was the most common cause of hospitalization in both study groups. CONCLUSION The annual decrease of FEV1/FVC was in patients with CPFE significantly higher than in the patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hyun Shin
- Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Woong Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kyung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Shin Myung Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang-Pyo Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yon Mi Sung
- Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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Khazdair MR, Boskabady MH, Afshari R, Dadpour B, Behforouz A, Javidi M, Abbasnezhad A, Moradi V, Tabatabaie SS. Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function testes in lead exposed workers. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2012; 14:737-42. [PMID: 23396762 PMCID: PMC3560546 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The exposure to noxious agwents such as lead my cause lung disorders. Objectives In the present study, pulmonary function tests and self-reported respiratory symptoms in lead exposure workers were compared with matched control subjects. Materials and Methods The frequency of respiratory symptoms were evaluated in a sample of 108 lead exposure workers and 100 control subjects with similar age using a questionnaire including questions on respiratory symptoms in the past year. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were also measured in lead exposure workers and in controls. Results Most lead exposure workers (63%) reported work-related respiratory symptoms. Chest tightness (26%), cough (17%) and sputum (16%) were the most common symptoms and only 6% of lead exposure workers reported wheezing (P < 0.001 for all case except wheezing). Most PFT values were also significantly reduced among lead exposure workers (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001 except MEF75, MEF50, MEF25, and MMEF. The lead concentration in urine and serum of lead exposure workers were significantly higher than control (P < 0.001 for both cases). Conclusions These results showed that c lead exposure workers have higher frequencies of respiratory symptoms higher serum and urine lead concentration but lower PFT values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
- Correspondence: Mohammad Hossein Boskabady, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code: 9177948564, Mashhad, IR Iran. Tel.: +98-5118002221, Fax: +98-5118828564, E-mail:
| | - Reza Afshari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Bita Dadpour
- Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Amir Behforouz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Javidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Abbasali Abbasnezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
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Lee JS, Huh JW, Chae EJ, Seo JB, Ra SW, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lee YK, Kim TH, Kim WJ, Lee JH, Lee SM, Lee S, Lim SY, Shin TR, Yoon HI, Sheen SS, Oh YM, Lee SD. Predictors of pulmonary function response to treatment with salmeterol/fluticasone in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:379-85. [PMID: 21394306 PMCID: PMC3051085 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.3.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease and responses to therapies are highly variable. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of pulmonary function response to 3 months of treatment with salmeterol/fluticasone in patients with COPD. A total of 127 patients with stable COPD from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) Cohort, which were prospectively recruited from June 2005 to September 2009, were analyzed retrospectively. The prediction models for the FEV(1), FVC and IC/TLC changes after 3 months of treatment with salmeterol/fluticasone were constructed by using multiple, stepwise, linear regression analysis. The prediction model for the FEV(1) change after 3 months of treatment included wheezing history, pre-bronchodilator FEV(1), post-bronchodilator FEV(1) change and emphysema extent on CT (R = 0.578). The prediction models for the FVC change after 3 months of treatment included pre-bronchodilator FVC, post-bronchodilator FVC change (R = 0.533), and those of IC/ TLC change after 3 months of treatment did pre-bronchodilator IC/TLC and post-bronchodilator FEV(1) change (R = 0.401). Wheezing history, pre-bronchodilator pulmonary function, bronchodilator responsiveness, and emphysema extent may be used for predicting the pulmonary function response to 3 months of treatment with salmeterol/fluticasone in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seung Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asthma Center, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Won Huh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asthma Center, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Chae
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Ra
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Radiology, East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womens University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangyeub Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Yong Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Rim Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Sheen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asthma Center, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Do Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asthma Center, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Neghab M, Amiri F, Soleimani E, Hosseini SY. The Effect of Exposure to Low Levels of Chlorine Gas on the Pulmonary Function and Symptoms in a Chloralkali Unit. J Res Health Sci 2016; 16:41-5. [PMID: 27061996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was undertaken to ascertain whether (or not) long term occupational exposure to low (sub-TLV levels) atmospheric concentrations of chlorine gas was associated with any significant decrements in the parameters of pulmonary function and/or increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study that was performed in 2012, 54 workers of a local chloralkali unit and 38 non-exposed office staff were enrolled and compared. Atmospheric concentrations of chlorine gas were measured by numerous sampling with gas detector tubes. Data on respiratory symptoms were gathered using a standard questionnaire. Furthermore, spirometry test was performed for subjects both prior to and at the end of shift. RESULTS Mean atmospheric concentration of chlorine gas was 0.27 ±0.05 ppm that was lower than the existing TLV value for this toxic irritant gas. Symptoms of respiratory diseases were significantly more frequent among exposed subjects than in referent individuals. Additionally, mean values of most parameters of pulmonary function including FEV1 (P=0.031), FEV1/FVC ratio (P=0.003) and PEF (P=0.005) were significantly lower than their corresponding values for unexposed subjects. Additional cross shift decrements were also noted in some lung functional capacities, although changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to sub-TLV levels of chlorine gas is associated with statistically significant decrements in the parameters of pulmonary function as well as increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms.
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Park HY, Nam HS, Chung MP, Jeong SH, Kim YJ, Cha SI, Kim YW, Park JS, Uh ST, Park CS, Park MS, Moon JA, Jung KS, Jegal YJ, Kim DS, Song JW, Yum HK, Park YB. A nationwide survey of lymphangioleiomyomatosis in Korea: recent increase in newly diagnosed patients. J Korean Med Sci 2010; 25:1182-6. [PMID: 20676330 PMCID: PMC2908788 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.8.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2007, the Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Society had collected clinical data of patients who have diagnosed as Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) since 1990 through nationwide survey, which showed that LAM patients had increased sharply after 2004. The present study was performed to show the clinical features of Korean patients with LAM, and to establish the reason for the recent increase in the diagnosis. All 63 patients were women and the mean age at diagnosis was 36 yr. The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea and 8 patients had tuberous sclerosis complex. The survival rate at 5 yr after diagnosis was 84%. Compared with patients diagnosed after 2004 (n=34), the patients diagnosed before 2004 (n=29) complained with dyspnea more (P=0.016) and had lower FEV(1)% predicted (P=0.003), and DLco% predicted (P=0.042). The higher proportion of patients diagnosed after 2004 showed the normal chest radiography, and they were detected by routine chest CT screening (P=0.016). This study showed that clinical features of Korean patients with LAM were not different from those reported elsewhere. It is concluded that the reason for the increase of newly diagnosed patients is the result of increase in detection of the early stage LAM by the widespread use of chest CT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Seong Nam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Man Pyo Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Ick Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Whan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Taek Uh
- Division of Respiration and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ae Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Jin Jegal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong Soon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Kee Yum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Budhiraja S, Singh D, Pooni PA, Dhooria GS. Pulmonary functions in normal school children in the age group of 6-15 years in north India. Iran J Pediatr 2010; 20:82-90. [PMID: 23056687 PMCID: PMC3445999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung function tests have become an integral part of assessment of pulmonary disease. As few studies on pulmonary function tests have been carried out in young children in India, the study was carried out in normal urban and rural school children in Ludhiana district of North India to determine pulmonary functions in the age group 6-15 years and to find its correlation with regards to age, sex, height and weight. METHODS The study group included 600 normal children between 6-15 years age from different urban and rural schools in the region. A preformed questionnaire was interviewed and detailed general physical and systemic examination was done. Pulmonary function tests were measured by using Micromedical Gold standard fully computerized portable auto spirometer (Superspiro Cat No. SU 6000). FINDINGS The present study shows, all the three independent variables (age, weight and height) have linear positive correlation with lung function parameters, both for boys and girls. Lung function values in boys were significantly higher as compared to that of girls. Urban children had higher lung function parameters than rural children except IRV, FEF(25%). Among all anthropometric parameters, height was the most independent variable with maximum coefficient of correlation. CONCLUSION Equations derived from the present study for estimation of the expected values of lung function will help to interpret the observed lung function values in children of North India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Budhiraja
- Corresponding Author:Address: Department of Pediatrics, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India - 141001. E-mail:
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Abstract
The presently used impairment rating guidelines in Korea do not accurately reflect the injury in various lung diseases. Therefore, they need to be made more objective and quantitative with new measurements, using indicators to more precisely represent impairment in the major respiratory diseases. We develop a respiratory impairment rating guideline to ensure that the same grade or impairment rating would be obtained regardless of surgeons who determinate it. Specialists in respiratory medicine and thoracic surgeons determined the impairment grades. Moreover, the impairment should be irreversible for more than 6 months. The impairment rating depends on the level of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume 1 second, diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide, arterial oxygen pressure, and arterial carbon dioxide pressure. The degree of whole body impairment is defined by each grade: first 81-95%, second 66-80%, third 51-65%, fourth 36-50%, and fifth 21-35%. In conclusion, we develop a respiratory impairment rating guideline for Koreans. Any qualified specialist can easily use it and judge objective scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- HoJoong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kye Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joung Taek Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Soo-taek Uh
- Division of Respiratory and Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Gender differences in asthma have been observed with a preponderance of boys affected before puberty and girls during and after puberty. The known influences of the menstrual cycle on asthma support a role for female sex hormones on the changing expression of asthma during adolescence. The purpose of this study was to investigate obesity, the menstrual cycle and lung function in adolescent girls. One hundred and three female high school girls (mean age: 15.9+/-0.8 yr) were enrolled. The investigation was performed using a questionnaire that included history of asthma, the menstrual cycle, other combined allergic disease and obesity. The skin prick and pulmonary function test during menstruation period and non-menstruation period. Analyses of these factors were compared. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1))/forced vital capacity (FVC) was significantly lower in the obese group compared to the non-obese group (99.8+/-13.8 vs. 107.1+/-10.2, p=0.03). The FEV(1) was significantly lower in the girls during menstruation period than in the girls who were not on menstruation (77.5+/-10.2 vs. 80.4+/-8.6, p=0.03). Our results showed that changes of pulmonary function were related to menstrual cycle and obesity in Korean adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Hoon Jeon
- Pediatric Allergy & Respiratory Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jong Yang
- Pediatric Allergy & Respiratory Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bok Yang Pyun
- Pediatric Allergy & Respiratory Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
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