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Yoon SM, Park YB, Ko Y, Bae JS. Chronic Hypoxemia Triggers a Neuropathic Process in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Insight From In Vivo Neurophysiological Assessments. J Clin Neurol 2023; 19:186-194. [PMID: 36854335 PMCID: PMC9982175 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Peripheral neuropathies (PNs) are a common but poorly understood complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To clarify the initial trigger of a PN in COPD, we investigated the excitability of peripheral nerves in patients with COPD. METHODS The automated nerve excitability test (NET) using the threshold-tracking paradigm was applied to 20 COPD patients. The recording protocol calculated the strength-duration time constant, threshold electrotonus (TE), current-threshold relationship, and recovery cycle (RC). Each NET parameter was compared with two control groups: normal controls group (NC group) and smokers without COPD group (smoker group). RESULTS In the motor NETs, the change in the threshold in the mid-depolarizing phase of TE (40-60 ms) was smaller in the COPD group (50.7%±1.2%, mean±SEM; n=20) than in the NC group (54.5%±0.7%, n=25; p<0.01), as was the prominence of superexcitability in the RC (-22.6%±1.5% and -26.4%±1.1%, respectively; p=0.04). There were no significant differences in the sensory NETs. Comparisons between the COPD and smoker groups (n=25) also showed no differences in either the motor or sensory NETs. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of excitability in COPD revealed a membrane depolarization attributable to Na+-K+-ATPase failure in the axolemma of distal motor nerves. This finding suggests that chronic hypoxemia and adaptative process can alter axonal excitability and trigger a resultant neuropathic process that is antecedent to PN in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yousang Ko
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jong Seok Bae
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim HW, Min J, Shin AY, Koo HK, Lim SY, Park MJ, Park YB, Lee J, Lee SS, Park JS, Kim JS. Reasons why patients with tuberculosis in South Korea stop anti-TB treatment: a cross-sectional study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:1016-1023. [PMID: 33126933 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As there had been no reduction in the TB burden in South Korea since 2000, a public-private mix (PPM) strategy was launched in 2011. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for lost to follow-up (LTFU) among TB patients and their clinical characteristics.METHOD: A multicentre, cross-sectional study based on in-depth interviews with patients and their families by TB specialist nurses was conducted. Patients who were reported with a final outcome of LTFU in 2015-2017 at all PPM hospitals across the country were enrolled. Enrolled patients were classified into six subgroups by age and three major reasons for LTFU (adverse effects, refusal of treatment, marginalisation) and their clinical features were compared.RESULTS: Among 780 patients, those who were lost to follow-up due to adverse effects accounted for the largest proportion (n = 387). LTFU in those aged <65 years who refused treatment (n = 189) and those aged <65 years who were marginalised (n = 108) were related to having smear-positive TB and a previous history of unfavourable outcomes.CONCLUSION: To reduce LTFU in South Korea, comprehensive strategies, including management of adverse effects, systematic counselling and education, should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St Mary´s Hospital
| | - J Min
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St Mary´s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - A Y Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St Mary´s Hospital
| | - H-K Koo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang
| | - S Y Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M J Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Y B Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - J Lee
- Division of TB Epidemic Investigation, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong
| | - S-S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang
| | - J S Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St Mary´s Hospital
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Lee SH, Park JS, Kim SY, Kim DS, Kim YW, Chung MP, Uh ST, Park CS, Park SW, Jeong SH, Park YB, Lee HL, Shin JW, Lee JH, Jegal Y, Lee HK, Kim YH, Song JW, Park MS. Clinical features and prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:678-684. [PMID: 31315699 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common risk factors. They could therefore be expressed in a single patient. However, the prevalence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of individuals with comorbid IPF and COPD are not known. </sec> <sec> <title>METHOD</title> From 2003 to 2007, the Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Study Group created a register for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia using 2002 ATS/ERS (American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society) criteria. Of the 1546 IPF patients assessed, 143 had decreased lung function consistent with COPD (IPF-COPD). COPD was diagnosed based on age (≥40 years) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] ratio < 0.7). </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The median age of the IPF-COPD group was 71.0 years (interquartile range 66.0-76.0); most patients were male (88.1%). FVC (%) was significantly higher in the IPF-COPD group; however, FEV1 (%) was significantly lower in the IPF-COPD group (P < 0.001). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was not significantly different between the two groups. In survival analysis, age and FVC (%), but not COPD, were significantly associated with prognosis (respectively P = 0.003, 0.001 and 0.401). COPD severity was also not related to prognosis (P = 0.935). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSION</title> The prevalence of IPF-COPD was estimated to be ∼9.2% among all IPF patients; prognosis of patients with IPF-COPD was not worse than those with IPF alone. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - J S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M P Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S T Uh
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul
| | - C S Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S W Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S H Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon
| | - Y B Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - H L Lee
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - J W Shin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul
| | - Y Jegal
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - H K Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Busan
| | - Y H Kim
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Park YB, Ha CW, Kim JA, Han WJ, Rhim JH, Lee HJ, Kim KJ, Park YG, Chung JY. Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:570-580. [PMID: 27789339 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair. In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site. DESIGN Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear grooves of the knees. The hUCB-MSCs and HA composite was transplanted into the defect of experimental knees. Control knees were transplanted by HA or left untreated. Animals were sacrificed at 8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation and additionally at 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate the fate of transplanted cells. The repair tissues were evaluated by gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment. Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue. Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees. Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time. CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - C W Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J A Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - W J Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J H Rhim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - K J Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.
| | - Y G Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.
| | - J Y Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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Ko Y, Lee HK, Lee YS, Kim MY, Shin JH, Shim EJ, Park SY, Mo EK, Park YB. Accuracy of Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay compared with AdvanSure™ TB/NTM real-time PCR using bronchoscopy specimens. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 20:115-20. [PMID: 26688537 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The performance of Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay, an automated nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) that was developed for the detection of tuberculosis (TB), has been evaluated in various clinical settings. However, few studies have compared Xpert with other NAATs, especially its performance using lower respiratory tract specimens (LRTS). OBJECTIVE To compare the practical diagnostic performance of the Xpert assay with that of the AdvanSure™ TB/NTM RT-PCR kit in the detection of pulmonary TB (PTB), using LRTS obtained through bronchoscopy. RESULTS Of 249 patients included, 105 had culture-confirmed PTB. Using culture as reference, the overall sensitivity of Xpert and AdvanSure was respectively 92.4% and 83.8%. When acid-fast bacilli smear results were taken into consideration, the sensitivity of Xpert for smear-positive and smear-negative LRTS was respectively 100% and 88.9%, while that of the AdvanSure was 100% and 76.4%. Xpert showed better results than AdvanSure in terms of sensitivity in smear-negative LRTS (P = 0.012), but no difference in smear-positive LRTS. CONCLUSIONS Xpert may be advantageous in the detection of PTB using LRTS, particularly in low microbiological burden settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ko
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H-K Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - E-J Shim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Mo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y B Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SW, Kim HJ, Yoo KH, Park YB, Park JY, Jung JY, Moon JY, Byun MK, Kim SW, Kim YH. Long-acting anticholinergic agents in patients with uncontrolled asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:1421-30. [PMID: 25517806 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A novel effective treatment is necessary for severe asthma. OBJECTIVE To review clinical trials examining the role of tiotropium in patients with poorly controlled asthma despite inhaled corticosteroid use with or without long-acting β₂-agonists. DESIGN A computerised search of electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register) was performed. Randomised controlled trials of at least a 4-week treatment duration with findings published in English were included. RESULTS Five studies involving 1635 patients were analysed. Compared with a placebo or a double dose of inhaled corticosteroids, the addition of tiotropium increased mean trough and peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second by 97 ml (95%CI 71-122) and 103 ml (95%CI 42-163), respectively. The mean differences in morning peak expiratory flow were 19.2 l/min (95%CI 11.8-26.6). Tiotropium also reduced the risk of severe acute exacerbation (OR 0.73, 95%CI 0.56-0.96) and improved Asthma Quality-of-Life Questionnaire score significantly by 0.10 (95%CI 0.04-0.16). There were no differences in serious adverse events. CONCLUSION The addition of tiotropium may be beneficial for patients with poorly controlled asthma, although exacerbation or safety issues should be clarified in long-term trials before its wide use in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y B Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Park
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Won Kwang University Sanbon Hospital, Sanbon, Korea
| | - J Y Jung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M K Byun
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ewha Medical Center and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim EK, Ha SG, Lee J, Park YB, Jung KY. Three-dimensional efficient dispersive alternating-direction-implicit finite-difference time-domain algorithm using a quadratic complex rational function. Opt Express 2015; 23:873-881. [PMID: 25835847 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient unconditionally stable FDTD method is developed for the electromagnetic analysis of dispersive media. Toward this purpose, a quadratic complex rational function (QCRF) dispersion model is applied to the alternating-direction-implicit finite-difference time-domain (ADI-FDTD) method. The 3-D update equations of QCRF-ADI-FDTD are derived using Maxwell's curl equations and the constitutive relation. The periodic boundary condition of QCRF-ADI-FDTD is discussed in detail. A 3-D numerical example shows that the time-step size can be increased by the proposed QCRF-ADI-FDTD beyond the Courant-Friedrich-Levy (CFL) number, without numerical instability. It is observed that, for refined computational cells, the computational time of QCRF-ADI-FDTD is reduced to 28.08 % of QCRF-FDTD, while the L2 relative error norm of a field distribution is 6.92 %.
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Shibli J, Ivanovski S, Park YB, Alarcon M, Cheung KM, Duncan W, Ettiene D, Girl D, Halhal R, Kakar M, Kim ST, Kim TS, Matheos N, Narongsak L, Ouyahoun JP, Panikar A, Shin SI, Wagh A, Won JU. Group D. Consensus report. Implants--peri-implant (hard and soft tissue) interactions in health and disease: the impact of explosion of implant manufacturers. J Int Acad Periodontol 2015; 17:71-73. [PMID: 25764595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Oh KC, Moon HS, Lee JH, Park YB, Kim JH. Effects of alendronate on the peri-implant bone in rats. Oral Dis 2014; 21:248-56. [PMID: 24824878 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alendronate on the peri-implant bone in rat maxillae with the aid of micro-computed tomographic, histologic, and biochemical analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. After extraction of the maxillary first molars, each rat was given periodic subcutaneous injections of either alendronate (alendronate group) or saline (control group). Customized implants were placed bilaterally 4 weeks after these injections. The rats were sacrificed at either 4, 8, or 12 weeks after implantation (4-, 8-, and 12-week groups, respectively; n = 6 rats per group). Microcomputed tomographic and histologic analyses were conducted for all rats. Biochemical analyses were performed at four time points for the 12-week groups. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups on microcomputed tomographic and histologic analyses. All of the measured biochemical parameters tended to decrease over time, with significant differences among some time points within each group. The serum osteocalcin level was significantly lower in the 12-week alendronate group than in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Three approaches were utilized in evaluating the effects of alendronate. It appears serum osteocalcin levels may serve as an adjuvant marker for this purpose, although further studies are required to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Oh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Song J, Suh CH, Park YB, Lee SH, Yoo NC, Lee JD, Kim KH, Lee SK. A phase I/IIa study on intra-articular injection of holmium-166-chitosan complex for the treatment of knee synovitis of rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 28:489-97. [PMID: 11357500 DOI: 10.1007/s002590000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous animal studies have established that the intra-articular injection of holmium-166-chitosan complex (DW-166HC) causes effective necrosis of the inflamed synovium with litle leakage of radioactivity from the injected joint. Based on these findings, we conducted a phase I/IIa study to examine the biodistribution of DW-166HC and to assess the safety of DW-166HC for the treatment of knee synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 16 patients [1 man, 15 women; median age 49 (range 36-65) years] who had RA knee synovitis refractory to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatments of > 3 months' duration were randomly assigned to three treatment groups with different radiation doses of DW-166HC: 370 MBq (n = 6), 555 MBq (n = 5) and 740 MBq (n = 5). In each treatment group, blood and urine radioactivity were analysed by beta counter and biodistribution of the injected DW-166HC was evaluated using a gamma scan camera. Clinical assessment was done according to three variables (evaluation method): knee joint pain (visual analogue scale), range of motion (goniometry) and joint swelling (circumference of knee joint). The duration of follow-up observation was 3 months. Following the intra-articular injection of DW-166HC, the blood radioactivity was little changed from the baseline measurement and the accumulated radioactivity excreted in urine was minimal. Gamma scan study indicated that most of the injected radiochemical was localized within the injected joint cavity, and the extra-articular leakage was negligible at 24 h after the injection: brain, 0.3%; lung, 0.6%; abdomen, 0.7%; and pelvis, 0.8%. Major adverse events were transient post-injection knee joint pain and swelling. These results suggest that DW-166HC might be a safe agent for radiation synovectomy, particularly for the treatment of knee synovitis of RA, and further trials in a larger patient population are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of DW-166HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-ku, 120-752, Seoul, Korea
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Choi ST, Lee HW, Song JS, Lee SK, Park YB. Analysis of rheumatoid factor according to various hepatitis B virus infectious statuses. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32:168-173. [PMID: 24143967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid factor (RF) can be seen in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We investigated RF positive rates according to various HBV infectious statuses and vaccination, and the relationship between RF titers and serum HBV DNA levels. METHODS We examined 13,670 individuals who visited the Severance Hospital in Seoul, Korea, for a routine health check-up, and obtained serum samples from all individuals. RESULTS RF was positive in 3.5% of all subjects, and HBsAg was positive in 4.3%. HBsAg was positive in 21.7% of all RF positive subjects. RF was positive in 17.5% of the HBsAg positive group, while it was positive in 2.9% of the HBsAg negative group (p<0.001). The RF positive rate was increased in positive HBsAg, female sex, and older age. The RF positive rate was lower in those who had anti-HBs after HBV vaccination than in HBsAg positive subjects (2.7% vs. 17.5%, p<0.001). Among the RF positive patients, the RF titer in HBsAg positive patients were higher than that in HBsAg negative patients (159.7±217.1IU/mL vs. 83.0±179.2 IU/mL, p=0.001). The load of HBV DNA may be closely correlated with RF titer in patients with chronic hepatitis B (r=0.508, p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS Persistent HBV infection is an important cause for the positive RF in HBV endemic areas. Hepatitis B viral load is associated with RF titer. HBV vaccination may reduce the risk of RF formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim J, Kim K, Kim Y, Yoo KH, Lee CK, Yoon HK, Kim YS, Park YB, Lee JH, Oh YM, Lee SD, Lee SW. The association between inhaled long-acting bronchodilators and less in-hospital care in newly-diagnosed COPD patients. Respir Med 2014; 108:153-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Rhee CK, Yoo KH, Lee JH, Park MJ, Kim WJ, Park YB, Hwang YI, Kim YS, Jung JY, Moon JY, Rhee YK, Park HK, Lim JH, Park HY, Lee SW, Kim YH, Lee SH, Yoon HK, Kim JW, Kim JS, Kim YK, Oh YM, Lee SD, Kim HJ. Clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:67-75. [PMID: 23232006 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Multicentre study. OBJECTIVE To define the clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) destroyed lung due to past TB. DESIGN We reviewed patients with TB-destroyed lung between May 2005 and June 2011. RESULTS A total of 595 patients from 21 hospitals were enrolled. The mean age was 65.63 ± 0.47 (mean ± standard error); 60.5% were male. The mean number of lobes involved was 2.59 ± 0.05. Pleural thickening was observed in 54.1% of the patients. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), FEV(1)/FVC, bronchodilator response and number of exacerbations per year were respectively 2.06 ± 0.03 l (61.26% ± 0.79), 1.16 ± 0.02 l (49.05% ± 0.84), 58.03% ± 0.70, 5.70% ± 0.34, and 0.40 ± 0.04. The number of lobes involved was significantly correlated with FVC and FEV(1), and with the number of exacerbations per year. Use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists or long-acting beta-2 agonists plus inhaled corticosteroids resulted in bronchodilatory effects. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, initial FEV(1) (%) and number of exacerbations during follow-up were independent factors affecting change in FEV(1). CONCLUSION Decreased lung function with exacerbation, and progressive decline of FEV(1) were observed in patients with TB-destroyed lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Shin YS, Seo JY, Oh SH, Kim JH, Kim ST, Park YB, Moon HS. The effects of ErhBMP-2-/EGCG-coated BCP bone substitute on dehiscence around dental implants in dogs. Oral Dis 2013; 20:281-7. [PMID: 23651333 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose was to evaluate the effect of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2)-/epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-coated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and titanium barrier membrane on dehiscence defects in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In five mongrel dogs, the dehiscence bony defects around dental implants were surgically created and in total three implants were placed at edentulous ridge of which teeth had been extracted 12 weeks before. For the control group, BCP was applied to the dehiscence defect. For experimental groups, ErhBMP-2-coated BCP and ErhBMP-2-/EGCG-coated BCP were applied. The newly designed titanium barrier membrane was used to apply all the defects. The defects were evaluated histologically and histometrically after 12 weeks. The comparative statistics of the groups were obtained through Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS In bone-to-implant contact (BIC), bone density (BD), bone regeneration height (BRH), and bone mineralization apposition rate (BMAR), differences among groups were not found. ErhBMP-2/EGCG group appeared to have higher value. In fluorescence analysis, bone remodeling around graft material was more active in the ErhBMP-2/EGCG group. CONCLUSION Within the limit of this study, it is reasonable to assume that BMP-2-/EGCG-coated biphasic BCP and the newly designed titanium membrane were more beneficial in dehiscence defect healing with increased bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Kim JH, Park JH, Park YB, Moon HS. Fracture load of zirconia crowns according to the thickness and marginal design of coping. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 108:96-101. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(12)60114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Kim YJ, Park JW, Kyung SY, Lee SP, Chung MP, Kim YH, Lee JH, Kim YC, Ryu JS, Lee HL, Park CS, Uh ST, Lee YC, Kim KH, Chun YJ, Park YB, Kim DS, Jegal Y, Lee JH, Park MS, Jeong SH. Clinical characteristics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients with diabetes mellitus: the national survey in Korea from 2003 to 2007. J Korean Med Sci 2012; 27:756-60. [PMID: 22787370 PMCID: PMC3390723 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.7.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). According to the new IPF guidelines, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is an essential means of diagnosing IPF. We investigated the relationship between IPF and DM in patients treated between 2003 and 2007. Newly diagnosed IPF patients in large university teaching hospitals in Korea were enrolled from January 2003 to December 2007. We retrospectively analyzed 1,685 patients using the interstitial lung disease (ILD) registry. In total, 299 IPF patients (17.8%) also had DM. The mean age of our subjects was 68.0 ± 9.4 yr. HRCT showed significantly more reticular and honeycomb patterns in IPF patients with DM than in IPF patients without DM (P = 0.014, P = 0.028, respectively). Furthermore, significantly higher incidences of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and other malignancies (except lung cancer) were found in IPF patients with DM than in IPF patients without DM. In conclusion, IPF patients with DM are more likely to have the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, including reticular and honeycomb patterns, on HRCT than are those without DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Woong Park
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kyung
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Pyo Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Man Pyo Chung
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul and Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul and Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong Seon Ryu
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hong Lyeol Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Choon Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon and Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Tak Uh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon and Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kwan Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joon Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongjin Jegal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Women's University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Younsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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Park YB, Mohan K, Al-Sanousi A, Almaghrabi B, Genco RJ, Swihart MT, Dziak R. Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline calcium sulfate for use in osseous regeneration. Biomed Mater 2011; 6:055007. [PMID: 21873761 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/6/5/055007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles of calcium sulfate (nCS) have potential advantages as a ceramic matrix, scaffold and/or vehicle for delivering growth factors for osseous regeneration in a variety of clinical situations. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and characterize nanoparticles of hemihydrate calcium sulfate (nCS) and to develop a nCS-based system for bone regeneration. A cryo-vacuum method was used to process dihydrate CS into dihydrate nCS, which was then subjected to oven drying to produce hemihydrate. The nCS was sterilized by glow discharge treatment for use as a synthetic graft material for the treatment of bone defects. Electron microscopy showed that the nCS powder consisted of aggregates of closely arranged acicular crystals, approximately 30-80 nm in width, 400-600 nm in length and approximately 80-100 nm in diameter, providing a surface area about ten times that of conventional CS. Thorough physico-chemical characterization confirmed the composition and phase of the material. Cell viability/metabolic activity assays and alkaline phosphate assays confirmed the safety and biocompatibility of nCS. Release kinetics for adsorbed platelet-derived growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) suggests that nCS may serve as an appropriate vehicle for slow release delivery of these agents. The studies presented here give evidence of the advantages of nCS as a scaffold to support osteoblastic cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Bum Park
- Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Park HJ, Lee MK, Park YB, Shin YC, Choi MS. Beneficial effects of Undaria pinnatifida ethanol extract on diet-induced-insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:727-33. [PMID: 21146577 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 11/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the beneficial effect of Undaria pinnatifida ethanol extract (UEFx) on insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. A high-fat diet was supplemented with the UEFx at 0.69% (wt/wt) dose, which contains an equivalent amount of 0.02% fucoxanthin (wt/wt), or with Fx at 0.02% (wt/wt) dose in diet. After 9 weeks, both UEFx supplement significantly lowered the amount of visceral fat, the size of adipocyte, the fasting blood glucose concentration, the plasma insulin and the insulin resistance index similar to pure as shown by Fx supplement, compared to the high-fat (HF) control group. Blood glucose level was negatively correlated with hepatic glucokinase activity (r = -0.533, p < 0.05), whereas positively correlated with hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme activities (r = 0.463, p < 0.05 for glucose-6-phosphatase; r = 0.457, p < 0.05 for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase). Ratio of hepatic glucokinase/glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen content were significantly elevated by the UEFx and Fx supplements. Supplementation of the UEFx as well as Fx seemed to stimulate the β-oxidation activity and inhibit the phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity resulting in a decrease in the hepatic lipid droplet accumulation. The results indicate that the UEFx can prevent insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation that is partly mediated by modulating the hepatic glucose and lipid homeostasis in the high fat-induced obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Park HY, Nam HS, Chung MP, Jeong SH, Kim YJ, Cha SI, Kim YW, Park JS, Uh ST, Park CS, Park MS, Moon JA, Jung KS, Jegal YJ, Kim DS, Song JW, Yum HK, Park YB. A nationwide survey of lymphangioleiomyomatosis in Korea: recent increase in newly diagnosed patients. J Korean Med Sci 2010; 25:1182-6. [PMID: 20676330 PMCID: PMC2908788 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.8.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2007, the Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Society had collected clinical data of patients who have diagnosed as Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) since 1990 through nationwide survey, which showed that LAM patients had increased sharply after 2004. The present study was performed to show the clinical features of Korean patients with LAM, and to establish the reason for the recent increase in the diagnosis. All 63 patients were women and the mean age at diagnosis was 36 yr. The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea and 8 patients had tuberous sclerosis complex. The survival rate at 5 yr after diagnosis was 84%. Compared with patients diagnosed after 2004 (n=34), the patients diagnosed before 2004 (n=29) complained with dyspnea more (P=0.016) and had lower FEV(1)% predicted (P=0.003), and DLco% predicted (P=0.042). The higher proportion of patients diagnosed after 2004 showed the normal chest radiography, and they were detected by routine chest CT screening (P=0.016). This study showed that clinical features of Korean patients with LAM were not different from those reported elsewhere. It is concluded that the reason for the increase of newly diagnosed patients is the result of increase in detection of the early stage LAM by the widespread use of chest CT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Seong Nam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Man Pyo Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Ick Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Whan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Lung Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Taek Uh
- Division of Respiration and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ae Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Jin Jegal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong Soon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Kee Yum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Shin SH, Park YB. Effects of changes in the physical properties of the central elastic artery on haemodynamic characteristics during ageing. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2009; 223:525-35. [PMID: 19623906 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The change in blood pressure during the ageing process depends on the changes in the physical properties of the arterial system. The conventional method of studying ageing, i.e. observing a focus group of people, requires long periods of time and also makes it difficult to separate the ageing effect from the effects of complex geriatric diseases. Therefore, a computer simulation was used to analyse how physical property changes in the central elastic artery during the ageing process affect the blood pressure and input impedance of the blood vessels. An increase in the arterial stiffness and an increase in the wall thickness increased the systolic pressure and the pulse pressure. An increase in the lumen diameter decreased the mean pressure. The pulse wave velocity and shape were changed in the central elastic artery group but were not changed outside this group. Also, the input impedance at a low frequency was increased in the central elastic artery group but was not changed outside this group. In this study, the way in which changes in specific physical properties of the artery affect the haemodynamic characteristics during ageing was analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Shin
- Department of Oriental Biomedical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Zhu QA, Park YB, Sjovold SG, Niosi CA, Wilson DC, Cripton PA, Oxland TR. Can extra-articular strains be used to measure facet contact forces in the lumbar spine? An in-vitro biomechanical study. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2008; 222:171-84. [DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Experimental measurement of the load-bearing patterns of the facet joints in the lumbar spine remains a challenge, thereby limiting the assessment of facet joint function under various surgical conditions and the validation of computational models. The extra-articular strain (EAS) technique, a non-invasive measurement of the contact load, has been used for unilateral facet joints but does not incorporate strain coupling, i.e. ipsilateral EASs due to forces on the contralateral facet joint. The objectives of the present study were to establish a bilateral model for facet contact force measurement using the EAS technique and to determine its effectiveness in measuring these facet joint contact forces during three-dimensional flexibility tests in the lumbar spine. Specific goals were to assess the accuracy and repeatability of the technique and to assess the effect of soft-tissue artefacts. In the accuracy and repeatability tests, ten uniaxial strain gauges were bonded to the external surface of the inferior facets of L3 of ten fresh lumbar spine specimens. Two pressure-sensitive sensors (Tekscan) were inserted into the joints after the capsules were cut. Facet contact forces were measured with the EAS and Tekscan techniques for each specimen in flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending under a ±7.5 N m pure moment. Four of the ten specimens were tested five times in axial rotation and extension for repeatability. These same specimens were disarticulated and known forces were applied across the facet joint using a manual probe (direct accuracy) and a materials-testing system (disarticulated accuracy). In soft-tissue artefact tests, a separate set of six lumbar spine specimens was used to document the virtual facet joint contact forces during a flexibility test following removal of the superior facet processes. Linear strain coupling was observed in all specimens. The average peak facet joint contact forces during flexibility testing was greatest in axial rotation (71±25 N), followed by extension (27±35 N) and lateral bending (25±28 N), and they were most repeatable in axial rotation (coefficient of variation, 5 per cent). The EAS accuracy was about 20 per cent in the direct accuracy assessment and about 30 per cent in the disarticulated accuracy test. The latter was very similar to the Tekscan accuracy in the same test. Virtual facet loads (r.m.s.) were small in axial rotation (12 N) and lateral bending (20 N), but relatively large in flexion (34 N) and extension (35 N). The results suggested that the bilateral EAS model could be used to determine the facet joint contact forces in axial rotation but may result in considerable error in flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q A Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Y B Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea
| | - S G Sjovold
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C A Niosi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D C Wilson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P A Cripton
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - T R Oxland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Britrish Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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Kim JH, Jang YS, Eom KS, Hwang YI, Kang HR, Jang SH, Kim CH, Park YB, Lee MG, Hyun IG, Jung KS, Kim DG. Transforming growth factor beta1 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of A549 cells. J Korean Med Sci 2007; 22:898-904. [PMID: 17982242 PMCID: PMC2693860 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2007.22.5.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) comprises an aggregate of mesenchymal cells. However, the cellular origin of these mesenchymal phenotypes remains unclear. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) has been known as the main cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. We examined whether the potent fibrogenic cytokine TGF-beta1 could induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the human alveolar epithelial cell line, A549, and determined whether snail expression is associated with the phenotypic changes observed in the A549 cells. EMT was investigated with cells morphology changes under phase-contrast microscopy, western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence stains. E-cadherin and transcription factor, snail, were also evaluated by measuring mRNA levels using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The data showed that TGF-beta1 induced A549 cells with epithelial cell characteristics to undergo EMT in a concentration-dependent manner. Following TGF-beta1 treatment, A549 cells induced EMT characterized by cells morphological changes, loss of epithelial markers Ecaherin and cytokeratin, increased stress fiber reorganization by F-actin, and cytokeratin replacement by vimentin. Although IL-1beta failed to induce A549 cells to undergo EMT, the combination of TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta showed synergy effects in cells morphology changes and the expression of mesenchymal markers. The snail expression study using RT-PCR analysis provided that loss of E-cadherin expression was associated with snail expression. Stimulation of A54 cells with TGF-beta1 plus IL-1beta revealed a higher level of snail expression. Our data showed that EMT of A549 cells might be closely associated with snail expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Sook Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Kwang-Seok Eom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Il Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hae Raen Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Cheol Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Myung Goo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - In Gyu Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ki-Suck Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
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Lim JH, Park JW, Min DS, Chang JS, Lee YH, Park YB, Choi KS, Kwon TK. NAG-1 up-regulation mediated by EGR-1 and p53 is critical for quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Apoptosis 2007; 12:411-21. [PMID: 17191121 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-0576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid molecule ubiquitously present in nature, has multiple effects on cancer cells, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that quercetin induces the expression of NAG-1 (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1), a TGF-beta superfamily protein, during quercetin-induced apoptosis of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells. Reporter assays using the luciferase constructs containing NAG-1 promoter region demonstrate that early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and p53 are required for quercetin-mediated activation of the NAG-1 promoter. Overexpression of NAG-1 enhanced the apoptotic effect of quercetin, but suppression of quercetin-induced NAG-1 expression by NAG-1 siRNA attenuated quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that quercetin induces apoptosis via NAG-1, providing a mechanistic basis for the apoptotic effect of quercetin in colon carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 194 DongSan-Dong, Taegu, 700-712, Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate serum profiles of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Takayasu's arteritis (TA) and to determine their correlations with disease activity of TA. METHODS Forty-nine patients with TA and 12 age- and sex-matched controls were studied. Blood samples were obtained and were divided into active and stable disease groups. Paired blood samples were available in 19 patients at the active stage before treatment and at the remitted stage after treatment. Serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12 and IL-18 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Serum TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-18 levels of patients with TA were significantly higher than those of controls (P<0.05), but IFN-gamma and IL-12 levels were not. Serum IL-6 and IL-18 levels were significantly higher in the active disease group than in the stable disease group (P<0.05), but the levels of TNF-alpha were not different between the groups. In the 19 patients with paired samples, serum IL-18 levels at the remitted stage after treatment were significantly decreased compared with the active stage before treatment (P<0.001). The changes in IL-18 levels between active and remitted stages correlated well with changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Serum IL-18 and IL-6 levels were elevated in patients with TA, especially in those with active disease. Serum IL-18 levels correlated well with disease activity of TA. These results suggest that IL-6 and IL-18 might contribute to the pathogenesis of TA and that IL-18 could be a useful marker for monitoring disease activity of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul, Korea 120-752
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Park MC, Lee SW, Park YB, Lee SK, Choi D, Shim WH. Post-interventional immunosuppressive treatment and vascular restenosis in Takayasu's arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 45:600-5. [PMID: 16352637 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kei245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the outcome of vascular interventions and the effect of post-interventional immunosuppressive treatment on the occurrence of vascular restenosis in patients with Takayasu's arteritis (TA). METHODS Forty-two patients with TA who had undergone vascular intervention and had serial angiographies before and after intervention were enrolled. The demographic and clinical data were collected at the time when the interventions were performed, and the intervention modalities and post-interventional medical treatments were evaluated. RESULTS Sixty-three interventions were performed in 42 patients. Twenty (31.7%) interventions restenosed 24.0 +/- 21.9 months after intervention; the likelihood decreasing as time passed. Estimates of arterial patency after intervention were 90.1% at 1 yr, 75.5% at 2 yr, 68.4% at 3 yr, 61.6% at 5 yr and 49.3% at 10 yr. According to the log rank test, interventions that were performed during the stable stage of the disease (P = 0.039) and those that were followed by treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents (P = 0.044) were independent variables for the maintenance of arterial patency. Their hazard ratios were 0.30 and 0.41, respectively. CONCLUSION Restenosis occurred in 31.7% of TA patients after intervention. A lower restenosis rate was observed when the vascular interventions were performed at the stable stage and when post-interventional immunosuppressive treatment was implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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26
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Kim SH, Lee MG, Park SM, Park YB, Jang SH, Kim CH, Jeon MJ, Shin TR, Eom KS, Hyun IG, Jung KS, Lee SJ. The SOFA Score to Evaluate Organ Failure and Prognosis in the Intensive Care Unit Patients. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2004. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2004.57.4.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Myung Goo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang Myeon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Cheol Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Man Jo Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Tae Rim Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Eom
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - In-Gyu Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ki-Suck Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym university, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
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Lee ES, Kim HS, Bang D, Yu HG, Chung H, Shin DH, Song YW, Park YB, Lee SK, Shin SK, Kim WH, Choi J, Park BJ, Lee S. Development of clinical activity form for Korean patients with Behçet's disease. Adv Exp Med Biol 2003; 528:153-6. [PMID: 12918682 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-48382-3_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E S Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Kim JY, Park YB, Kim YS, Kang SB, Shin JW, Park IW, Choi BW. Miliary tuberculosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:359-64. [PMID: 12733492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Miliary tuberculosis is a life-threatening disease caused by the haematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We evaluated the clinical manifestations of 34 patients with miliary tuberculosis. DESIGN A retrospective case review. RESULTS The diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis was based on the identification of miliary nodules on chest radiography and one of the three following criteria: 1) acid-fast bacilli smear and/or culture positive in clinical specimens (22/34), 2) histopathological identification of TB granuloma (6/34), and 3) radiological and clinical improvement after anti-tuberculosis treatment (6/34). The median age (+/-SD) of the patients was 42.7 +/- 21.6 years, with two peaks, in the age group 20-30 and in those over 60. There were 16 underlying diseases in 14 patients, of which liver cirrhosis was the most common. The drug sensitivity pattern was available for 17 isolates of M. tuberculosis: 14 were sensitive, while the other three were resistant to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug. Eight patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), five of whom died during intensive care. Platelet count, serum albumin and liver enzyme level at the time of admission were significant factors both for ARDS development and for survival. CONCLUSION ARDS caused by miliary TB is associated with a high fatality rate; scope remains for improvement in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Choi CS, Kim CH, Kim KS, Lee TY, Chung YS, Eom KS, Park YB, Jang SH, Kim DG, Park MJ, Lee MG, Hyun IG, Jung KS, Kim JH. The Early Prognosis of Burn Patients with Elevated Initial Arterial Carboxyhemoglobin Level. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2003. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2003.55.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun Sook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Son Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Eom
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Jae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Goo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Gyu Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Suck Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youn Kim
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hun Choi
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geu Ru Hong
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Min Kang
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bum Park
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Joong Rim
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Namsik Chung
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Byun SJ, Kim HS, Jeon SM, Park YB, Choi MS. Supplementation of Areca catechu L. extract alters triglyceride absorption and cholesterol metabolism in rats. Ann Nutr Metab 2002; 45:279-84. [PMID: 11786651 DOI: 10.1159/000046739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Areca extracts have already been found to exhibit a strong inhibitory activity on cholesterol absorption in high-cholesterol-fed rats. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine whether Areca extracts also exert an inhibitory activity on triglyceride absorption in triglyceride-fed rats. Male rats were fed a diet containing corn oil (10%, w/w) with or without an Areca nut extract supplement (0.5%, w/w). The supplementation of the Areca extract significantly lowered the absorption of triglyceride and the plasma lipid concentration. The absorbed triglyceride that appeared in the blood after an oral dose of [9,10(n)-(3)H] triglyceride was significantly lower in the rats supplemented with the Areca nut extract, compared with the control group. The supplementation also significantly lowered the small intestinal pCEase (pancreatic cholesterol esterase) activity by 22.5% compared to the control group. The hepatic and intestinal ACAT (acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase) activities were significantly decreased in the Areca group compared with the control group. Hence, further studies are needed to elucidate the structure and chemical properties of the active compound in the water-soluble Areca extract that lowers cholesterol absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Byun
- Catholic Medical School, Taegu, Korea
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Lee MK, Cho SY, Jang JY, Cho MS, Jeon SM, Jang MK, Kim MJ, Park YB. Effects of Puerariae Flos and Puerariae Radix extracts on antioxidant enzymes in ethanol-treated rats. Am J Chin Med 2002; 29:343-54. [PMID: 11527076 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of Puerariae Flos (PF) and Puerariae Radix (PR) water extracts on the activities and mRNA expression of three hepatic antioxidant enzymes in ethanol-treated rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups, a control, ethanol-treated, ethanol plus PF-treated, and ethanol plus PR-treated group with seven rats per group. Ethanol (25 % v/v, 5 g/kg body weight) was orally administered once a day for 5 weeks. The PF and PR water extracts were supplemented in a diet based on 1.2 g of raw PF or PR/kg body weight/day. Ethanol administration without the PF or PR supplement significantly lowered the activities of hepatic Cu/Zn SOD and catalase (CAT), whereas it increased the hepatic GSH-Px activity. However, the PF and PR supplementation resulted in a significant increase in the Cu/Zn SOD and/or CAT activities and a significant decrease in the GSH-Px activity in the ethanol-treated rats. The mRNA levels of these antioxidant enzymes in the ethanol-treated rats were normalized to the control level by the PF or PR supplement. The hepatic glutathione content, which was significantly lower in the ethanol-treated group than in the control group, was also normalized to the control level by supplementing with either PF or PR. The PF or PR supplement resulted in lowering the hepatic malondialdehyde to the control level in the ethanol-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Bahn SC, Bae MS, Park YB, Oh SI, Jeung JU, Bae JM, Chung YS, Shin JS. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel low temperature-induced gene, blti2, from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1522:134-7. [PMID: 11750066 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(01)00317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) was used to isolate large numbers of low temperature-induced genes from the cold-treated winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dongbori). One hundred and sixty blti (barley low temperature-induced) cDNA clones were obtained. Northern blot analyses showed that several blti clones were differentially expressed by treatment of low temperature, NaCl, dehydration and ABA. One of the clones, blti2, was induced from 3 to 72 h after cold treatment while its transcript was detected only at 12 h after ABA treatment, indicating that the expression of blti2 by low temperature was regulated by an ABA-independent pathway. The full-length cDNA sequences were 944 nucleotides long and the open reading frame consisted of 492 nucleotides encoding 164 amino acids. Nucleotide sequences showed no sequence homology with the previously reported low temperature-responsive (LTR) barley genes, and the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that the blti2 contains three membrane-spanning regions. These results suggest that blti2 is a novel transmembrane protein induced by low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Bahn
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Youn TJ, Kim HS, Kang HJ, Kim DW, Cho MC, Kim CH, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases apoptotic cardiomyocyte death and myocardial angiotensin-converting enzyme gene expression in ischemia/reperfusion-injured myocardium of rats. Heart Vessels 2001; 16:12-9. [PMID: 11829213 DOI: 10.1007/pl00007274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important pathogenic mechanism in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. It has been shown that nitric oxide (NO) and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are closely related, and both systems regulate apoptotic cell death. However, the effects of NO modulation on myocardial apoptotic cell death and changes in the RAS in the I/R-injured myocardium have not been studied. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: NO synthesis inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME, 10mg/kg); NO precursor, L-arginine (540mg/kg); and vehicle. The rats were then subjected to 45 min coronary occlusion followed by 4 h reperfusion. The TdT-mediated in situ nick and labeling (TUNEL) indices were 39.9%+/-0.8% at the border and 30.9%+/-1.2% at the center of the I/R area in the vehicle group. L-NAME administration significantly increased these TUNEL-positive cells to 45.3%+/-1.9% and 37.9%+/-1.3%, respectively (P < 0.05 each). L-arginine administration reduced the TUNEL index at the border zone with marginal significance (P = 0.08 vs vehicle group). I/R injury significantly reduced the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA expression in the left (ventricular) free wall of vehicle group rats. However, ACE mRNA expression was 1.9 times greater in the L-NAME group than that in the vehicle group (P < 0.05). This study showed that the inhibition of NO synthesis increased apoptotic cardiomyocyte death and local ACE mRNA expression in the I/R-injured myocardium. Our observations indicate that NO, ACE, and apoptotic cardiomyocyte death are related to each other during I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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Choe SC, Kim HS, Jeong TS, Bok SH, Park YB. Naringin has an antiatherogenic effect with the inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001; 38:947-55. [PMID: 11707699 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200112000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Naringin, a bioflavonoid found in citrus fruit peel, is known to have an antioxidative effect, but its effect on atherosclerosis has not been studied. This study evaluated the effect of naringin on blood lipid levels and aortic fatty streaks, and its action mechanism in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Male New Zealand white rabbits were fed a 0.25% cholesterol diet and divided into an untreated group (n = 4), a naringin-treated group (n = 5; 500 mg/kg per day), and a lovastatin-treated group (n = 5; 20 mg/kg per day). After 8 weeks, blood was sampled and analyzed biochemically. Aorta and liver were harvested and examined histologically. Cholesterol level in rabbits fed the 0.25% cholesterol diet reached 17 times normal and decreased in the rabbits fed naringin and lovastatin, whose effects were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, both naringin and lovastatin effectively decreased the area of fatty streak in thoracic aorta on macroscopic analysis (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced subintimal foam cell infiltration on microscopic morphometry (p < 0.05). These foam cells were macrophages on immunohistochemical analysis. Naringin treatment inhibited hypercholesterolemia-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on endothelial cells. Hypercholesterolemia caused fatty liver and elevation of liver enzymes, which was prevented by naringin but not by lovastatin. Naringin significantly reduced fatty streak formation and neointimal macrophage infiltration and also inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells, suggesting that suppression of ICAM-1 contributed to the antiatherogenic effect. Naringin, unlike lovastatin, has a hepatoprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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Lee JS, Choi MS, Jeon SM, Jeong TS, Park YB, Lee MK, Bok SH. Lipid-lowering and antioxidative activities of 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate and 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate in cholesterol-fed rats. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 314:221-9. [PMID: 11718699 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols appear to have antioxidant activities and may mediate lipid lowering. METHODS Four groups of rats, a high-cholesterol control (HC), HC+lovastatin, HC+3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate, and HC+3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate, were given a semi-synthetic diet. The cinnamate derivative or lovastatin (0.1 g/100 g) supplements were given for 6 weeks. RESULTS The plasma total cholesterol concentration was significantly lowered by the 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate supplement compared to the control or lovastatin group. The 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate and 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate supplements significantly lowered both the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels, while lovastatin only lowered the hepatic cholesterol. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activities were significantly lower in the 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate and 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate groups than in the control or lovastatin group. The ACAT activity was only significantly lower in the lovastatin group compared to the other groups. With regards the hepatic antioxidant enzyme system, the CAT activity was significantly higher in the 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate and 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate groups compared to the control or lovastatin group. The two cinnamate derivatives resulted in an increased hepatic GSH-Px activity. Meanwhile, all the supplements significantly lowered the hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content. However, the 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate and 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate supplements did not alter the neutral sterol and total fecal sterol. CONCLUSIONS Both cinnamate derivatives were potent in lipid-lowering and altering the antioxidative enzyme. Furthermore, these results also suggest that 3,4-di(OH)-cinnamate is more effective than 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate in its lipid-lowering action.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sank-Yuk Dong Puk-Ku, Taegu 702-701, South Korea
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Abstract
The consumption of a cholesterol-enriched diet increases the degree of lipid peroxidation, which is one of the early processes of atherosclerosis. The aim of this trial was to determine the antioxidative effects of the citrus bioflavonoid, naringin, a potent cholesterol-lowering agent, compared to the cholesterol-lowering drug, lovastatin, in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet. Male rabbits were served a high-cholesterol (0.5%, w/w) diet or high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either naringin (0.5% cholesterol, 0.05% naringin, w/w) or lovastatin (0.5% cholesterol, 0.03% lovastatin, w/w) for 8 weeks to determine the plasma and hepatic lipid peroxide, plasma vitamin A and E levels, and hepatic hydrogen peroxide levels, along with the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expressions. Only the lovastatin group showed significantly lower plasma and hepatic lipid peroxide levels compared to the control group. The naringin supplementation significantly increased the activities of both hepatic SOD and catalase by 33% and 20%, respectively, whereas the lovastatin supplementation only increased the catalase activity by 23% compared to control group. There was no difference in the GSH-Px activities between the various groups. Content of H2O2 in hepatic mitochondria was significantly lower in groups supplemented with lovastatin and naringin than in control group. However, there was no difference in cytosolic H2O2 content in liver between groups. The concentration of plasma vitamin E was significantly increased by the naringin supplementation. When comparing the antioxidant enzyme gene expression, the mRNA expression of SOD, catalase and GSH-Px was significantly up-regulated in the naringin-supplemented group. Accordingly, these results would appear to indicate that naringin, a citrus bioflavonoid, plays an important role in regulating antioxidative capacities by increasing the SOD and catalase activities, up-regulating the gene expressions of SOD, catalase, and GSH-Px, and protecting the plasma vitamin E. In contrast, lovastatin exhibited an inhibitory effect on the plasma and hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased the hepatic catalase activity in high-cholesterol fed rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Jeon
- Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, KIST, Yusong, Taejon
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On YK, Kim HS, Kim SY, Chae IH, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB, Choi YS, Chung MH. Vitamin C prevents radiation-induced endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction and de-endothelialization by inhibiting oxidative damage in the rat. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001; 28:816-21. [PMID: 11553021 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study was undertaken to determine whether endothelial function or morphology was altered in aortic rings of rats after irradiation, to investigate the mechanism of radiation effects on the endothelium and to examine the effect of vitamin C treatment against radiation-induced damage of the endothelium. 2. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups (control, radiation, radiation + vitamin C, radiation + vitamin C + NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME); n = 10 for each group and n = 7 for the control group) and were irradiated with 10 Gy of 137Cs as a radiation source. Segments of the thoracic aorta were obtained and isometric tension, levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OH-dG) and immunohistochemical staining were measured. 3. Irradiation significantly impaired the acetylcholine-induced vasodilation of aortic segments, an effect that could be prevented by pretreatment with vitamin C (500 mg/kg per day). This beneficial effect of vitamin C was abolished by the addition of L-NAME (100 microg/kg per day), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Irradiation significantly increased the level of OH-dG in the aorta (1.02 +/- 0.27 vs 2.61 +/- 0.78 OH-dG/105 deoxyguanosine (dG) for control and irradiated tissues, respectively; P < 0.01), an increase that was prevented by vitamin C treatment (1.59 +/- 0.23 OH-dG/105 dG; P < 0.01). Irradiation caused significant de-endothelialization (von Willebrand factor (vWF) staining was 93 +/- 7 vs 100% in irradiated and control tissues, respectively; P < 0.05) and this was prevented by vitamin C treatment (vWF staining 98 +/- 3%; P < 0.05). 4. Radiation caused endothelial damage and impaired NO production through oxidative injury, resulting in a selective impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilation that could be prevented by vitamin C, partly through anti-oxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K On
- Cardiovascular Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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39
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is concern that a hypercoagulable status is caused after coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, or OPCAB) and may potentially endanger the patency of the anastomosis. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare 1-year graft patency after OPCAB with that of conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and that of on-pump beating CABG; and (2) to demonstrate any differences in patency of various conduits among the three groups. METHODS We analyzed the results of 122 consecutive OPCAB cases (group 1) compared with those of 65 consecutive conventional CABG cases (group II) and those of 19 consecutive on-pump beating CABG cases (group III). In group I, coronary angiography (CAG) was performed immediately postoperatively and 1 year after surgery. In groups II and III, CAG was performed 1 year after surgery. Graft patency was graded as grade A (excellent), grade B (fair), or grade O (occluded). RESULTS The average number of distal anastomoses in groups I, II, and III were 3.1 +/- 1.1, 3.7 +/- 0.9, and 3.6 +/- 0.9, respectively. In group I, postoperative CAG was performed in 92% of patients (112/122) before discharge. The patency rate (grade A + B) was 96.4% (162/168) for arterial grafts, and 85.6% (160/187) for saphenous vein grafts (SVG). One-year follow-up CAG was performed in 74% of patients (90/122). The patency rate was 97.8% (132/135) for arterial grafts and 67.9% (106/156) for SVG. In group II, 1-year follow-up CAG was performed in 65% of patients (42/65). The patency rate (grade A + B) was 93.5% (43/46) for arterial grafts and 88.3% (98/111) for SVG. In group III, 1-year follow-up CAG was performed in 89% of patients (17/19). The patency rate (grade A + B) was 100% (19/19) for arterial grafts and 86.8% (33/38) for SVG. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the patency rate ot SVG after OPCAB was significantly lower than that of arterial grafts in the early postoperative CAG (p < 0.001), and was also significantly lower than those of SVG of group II (p < 0.001) and group III (p < 0.01) in the postoperative 1-year CAG, although there was no significant difference in 1-year patency of arterial grafts among the three groups. Our data suggest that a specific perioperative anticoagulant therapy may be advisable in patients undergoing OPCAB with SVG.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma cell infiltration is observed in recurrent arthritis associated with Behçet's disease (BD). The immune mechanism underlying B lymphocyte proliferation in the synovium is unclear. One hypothesis involves nonspecific polyclonal activation and another involves antigen-driven activation. The present study was undertaken to test both hypotheses and identify immunoglobulin genes that are clonally expanded in the synovium. METHODS Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and synovial cells from a patient with BD and PBL from a healthy control subject were obtained. Complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) fingerprinting analysis and nucleotide sequence analysis of Ig transcripts derived from clonally expanded B lymphocytes were performed in parallel. RESULTS Of 44 mu heavy chain clones of the VH4 family identified in the synovial tissue from the BD patient, 8 clones showed identical nucleotide sequences, and therefore, 18.2% were clonally expanded. For y heavy chain, 4 of 50 clones of the VH3 family showed nearly identical sequences; therefore, 4-8% were clonally expanded. The kappa light chain did not show a dominant band, but a clone with a 12-amino acid CDR3 showed 3% clonal expansion. Somatic mutations were frequently observed, with a high ratio of replacement to silent mutations in the CDRs compared with the framework regions. Three Ig genes expressed in the clonally expanded B lymphocytes were derived from germline gene segments reported to be involved in the production of autoantibodies. CONCLUSION These results support the hypothesis that antigen-driven clonal B lymphocyte proliferation occurs in the synovium in BD. Immunoglobulin transcripts clonally expanded in the synovium were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Suh
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Sohn
- Clinical Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Jeon SM, Kim HS, Lee TG, Ryu SH, Suh PG, Byun SJ, Park YB, Choi MS. Lower absorption of cholesteryl oleate in rats supplemented with Areca catechu L. extract. Ann Nutr Metab 2001; 44:170-6. [PMID: 11111132 DOI: 10.1159/000012841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Areca catechu L. extracts I and II, prepared using two different solvent systems, exhibited strong inhibitory activities against pancreatic cholesterol esterase (pCEase) in vitro. To determine their cholesterol-lowering effects, these two extracts were investigated by analyzing plasma lipid levels, intestinal enzyme activities, and the absorption of cholesteryl oleate. For 6 days, male rats were fed a diet containing cholesteryl oleate (0.5 g/100 g of body weight) either with or without the Areca nut extract supplements. The supplementation of the two Areca nut extracts significantly lowered the concentrations of plasma cholesterol by 13. 4 and 11.7% and plasma triglycerides by 35.0 and 36.9%, respectively, compared with the pre-experimental values. However, when the cholesteryl oleate diet was fed without any Areca nut extract in high-cholesterol control, the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations significantly increased by 13.6 and 15.9%, respectively, compared with the pre-experimental values. After 6 days of treatment, the intestinal pCEase activities were significantly lower in the groups supplemented with the Areca nut extracts (37.8 and 26.5%) than in the group with no extract supplement (83.2%). The supplements also significantly elevated the excretion of [1,2(n)-(3)H]cholesteryl oleate administered orally, when determined by the large intestinal contents, 930.5 Bq/day (Areca I) and 1,766.3 Bq/day (Areca II) vs. 98.1 Bq/day (high-cholesteryl oleate (CO) control). The inhibition of pCEase activity with the supplementation of the Areca nut extracts could account for the decrease in [1,2(n)-(3)H]cholesteryl oleate absorption that resulted in decreased radioactivity in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Suh CH, Jeong YS, Park HC, Lee CH, Lee J, Song CH, Lee WK, Park YB, Song J, Lee SK. Risk factors for infection and role of C-reactive protein in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2001; 19:191-4. [PMID: 11326483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate risk factors for infection and the role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the diagnosis of infection, a retrospective case control study was performed among Korean systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Of 120 proven infections, 31 episodes (25.8%) occurred in patients taking no corticosteroids (CS). The risk of infection was lower in patients taking low-dose CS (< 300 mg prednisolone/month) than no CS (odds ratio (OR) 0.36). In patients receiving high-dose CS (> 1000 mg prednisolone/month), however, the risk increased (OR 2.9). In patients taking no CS, disease activity manifested as increased SLEDAI, anemia and active urinary sediment, was associated with infection. The CRP was higher in the patients with infection than controls and the CRP levels over 50 mg/l were observed only in infection. These results suggest that CS have a bimodal influence on infection depending on dose. Disease activity is an important risk factor for infection in patients taking no CS. Finally, CRP levels greater than 50 mg/l suggest the presence of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Suh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Song JM, Kim HS, Park SJ, Chae IH, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB. Effect of hypercholesterolemia on macrophage infiltration after balloon injury to rabbit iliac artery. Jpn Circ J 2001; 65:117-22. [PMID: 11216820 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.65.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Both hypercholesterolemia and vascular injury have been reported to induce macrophage infiltration, but their combined effect and the mechanism by which hypercholesterolemia enhances the infiltration remain to be clarified in vivo. To evaluate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on macrophage infiltration after vascular injury, the iliac arteries of hypercholesterolemic (HC) and normocholesterolemic (NC) rabbits were examined 2h, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days after balloon injury using immunohistochemical staining for macrophages, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) activation was also evaluated in fresh frozen iliac arteries using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay method. The fundamental difference between HC and NC was the amount of macrophage infiltration seen in HC from 7 days after balloon injury. Two out of 4 HC iliac arteries on the 7th day, and 3 out of 4 HC iliac arteries on the 14th day were positively stained with ICAM-1 in regenerated endothelium and neointima, whereas there were no positively stained NC iliac arteries. Neither HC nor NC tissues showed positive staining with VCAM-1. NF-kappaB was activated in HC 7 and 14 days after balloon injury, but not in NC. In conclusion, in vivo hypercholesterolemia induces macrophage infiltration after balloon injury and it is mediated by increased NF-kappaB activation promoting ICAM-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Heart Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Korea
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Chae JJ, Kim SH, Kim UK, Hong SS, Kim YS, Namkoong Y, Park YB, Lee CC. Polymorphic DNA haplotypes at the human low-density lipoprotein receptor gene locus in Koreans. Hum Biol 2001; 73:105-19. [PMID: 11332639 DOI: 10.1353/hub.2001.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Many low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mutations have been identified and characterized, demonstrating a high degree of allelic heterogeneity at this locus. The ability to identify mutant LDL-receptor genes for prenatal diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) or to study the role of the LDL-receptor gene in polygenic hypercholesterolemia requires the use of closely linked restriction fragment lenghth polymorphisms (RFLPs). In the present study nine different RFLPs (TaqI, StuI, HincII, BstEII, AvaII, PvuII, MspIA, MspIB, and NcoI) and a sequence variation at Arg450 were used to clarify the characteristics of the LDL-receptor gene in Koreans. A total of 978 LDL-receptor alleles from 244 members of 43 different pedigrees (15 normal and 28 FH pedigrees) and 245 individuals (187 normal and 58 FH) were analyzed. Frequencies of these polymorphisms did not differ significantly between controls and FH patients. Individually, seven sites--TaqI, BstEII, AvaII, MspIA, MspIB, NcoI and Arg450--had heterozygosity indices ranging from 0.3610 to 0.4601, whereas the PvuII site displayed low levels of polymorphism and StuI was monomorphic. Haplotypes were constructed for 215 individuals of 13 normal and 24 FH pedigrees using the nine polymorphisms. Of 512 (= 2(9)) possible combinations for the nine polymorphic sites, 39 unique haplotypes were detected. The frequency distribution of individual haplotypes ranged from 1/155 (0.65%) to 40/155 (25.8%). The four most common haplotypes accounted for 59.4% of those sampled. Statistical analysis of the haplotypes indicated marked linkage disequilibrium for these 10 sites and throughout the region containing the LDL-receptor gene. Owing to the high degree of linkage disequilibrium over the entire locus, not all RFLPs were informative. We rank each RFLP according to its informativeness and present a strategy for the optimal selection of RFLPs for pedigree analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Chae
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
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Park YB, Kim JY, Linton JA, Jung HJ, Lee SK, Shin DH. Clinicopathologic study of Wegener's granulomatosis with special emphasis on early lesions in 10 Korean patients. Yonsei Med J 2001; 42:46-54. [PMID: 11293501 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2001.42.1.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed ten cases of Wegener's granulomatosis with special emphasis on the characteristics of the early stage of Wegener's granulomatosis. All patients presented with nonspecific symptoms and signs, so that Wegener's granulomatosis was not initially considered. However, half of the patients had clinical or radiologic disease in the nose/or paranasal sinuses as the primary presenting problems and showed neutrophil microabscess surrounded by palisading epithelioid cells and irregularly arranged giant cells in the nasal biopsy as the most characteristic feature. Five of ten patients were believed to have a protracted superficial phenomenon before involvement of other organs, specifically the lung or kidney. Four of ten patients showed nonreactivity to ANCA test at the time of presentation. Although the number of cases reviewed in this study was small, the rate of nonreactivity to ANCA was higher than those of the larger series. The importance of early diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis can not be overemphasized in view of the fact that cases unrecognized clinicopathologically finally progress to full-blown systemic form of Wegener's granulomatosis with poor prognosis. The diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis should be based on a thorough and meticulous examination of its characteristic histologic changes in biopsied tissue particularly extravascular foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park YB, Do KM, Bok SH, Lee MK, Jeong TS, Choi MS. Interactive effect of hesperidin and vitamin E supplements on cholesterol metabolism in high cholesterol-fed rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2001; 71:36-44. [PMID: 11276920 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831.71.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Certain bioflavonoids are potent antioxidants and have pharmacologic effects similar to those of vitamin E. Accordingly, the interactive effect of hesperidin and vitamin E was studied with respect to cholesterol metabolism and the antioxidant status. Hesperidin supplement (0.1%, wt/wt) with comparable levels of vitamin E was provided with a high-cholesterol (1%, wt/wt) diet to rats for 5 weeks. The amount of vitamin E included in the hesperidin-free and hesperidin diets was either a low (low-E) or a normal (normal-E) level. The hesperidin supplement and different levels of dietary vitamin E did not significantly alter the concentrations of plasma triglycerides. However, the inclusion of hesperidin significantly lowered the concentration of plasma cholesterol in both the low-vitamin E group and the normal-vitamin E group compared to the hesperidin-free groups (p < 0.05). The hepatic triglyceride content was significantly lowered by the hesperidin supplement, as opposed to the plasma triglyceride content, regardless of the vitamin E level in the diet. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly lowered by the hesperidin supplement with both the low-vitamin E and the normal-vitamin E compared to the hesperidin-free groups (p < 0.05). The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was also significantly lowered with an increase in the dietary vitamin E within the hesperidin and hesperidin-free groups. The excretion of fecal neutral sterol and acidic sterols tended to be lower with the hesperidin supplement. Neither dietary hesperidin nor vitamin E significantly changed the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity. This data indicates that hesperidin lowers the concentration of plasma cholesterol and the hepatic triglyceride content regardless of the dietary vitamin E level. However, the concentration of plasma cholesterol in the hesperidin-free groups was dependent on the dietary vitamin E level. This information may contribute to understanding the interactive effect of hesperidin and vitamin E on cholesterol biosynthesis in high cholesterol-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, 702-701, Korea
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Sohn DW, Kim YJ, Zo JH, Lee MM, Park YB, Choi YS, Lee YW. The value of contrast echocardiography in the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus with Eisenmenger's syndrome. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2001; 14:57-9. [PMID: 11174435 DOI: 10.1067/mje.2001.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
When patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is complicated by pulmonary hypertension resulting in a right-to-left shunt, an erroneous diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension may be made, even after echocardiographic examination. Among the 8 patients referred to our echocardiography laboratory with the diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension between June 1994 and November 1999, 2 patients were found to have PDA with Eisenmenger's syndrome. Patent ductus arteriosus with Eisenmenger's syndrome can be diagnosed by the opacification of the abdominal aorta without opacification of the left-sided chambers during contrast echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Sohn
- Clinical Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yungun-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the clinical associations of anti-endothelial cell antibody (AECA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients by measuring serum AECA titers to correlate with the disease activity and clinical manifestations. Forty-one SLE patients and 27 controls were studied. Serum samples were collected at the time of patient presentation with disease exacerbation and 4 weeks after the start of treatment. The disease activity was evaluated by the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). AECA was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods with the surface antigen of the immortalized human microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). The mean immunoglobulin (Ig)G-AECA and IgM-AECA optical densities (ODs) were significantly higher in patients with SLE compared with controls [mean +/- standard deviation (SD), 0.32 +/- 0.15 vs 0.18 +/- 0.16 and 0.29 +/- 0.14 vs 0.21 +/- 0.09, respectively]. There was a positive correlation between IgG-AECA and the SLEDAI scores. The positivity rate of AECA in the groups with digital vasculitis, neuropsychiatric lupus, and anti-cardiolipin antibody was significant. In conclusion, AECA may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and was correlated with the disease activity. It was also associated with clinical manifestations such as digital vasculitis, neuropsychiatric lupus, and anti-cardiolipin antibody positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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