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Liu K, Zhang P, Zhou L, Han L, Zhao L, Yu X. Research progress in the construction of animal models of autoimmune thyroiditis. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2317190. [PMID: 38377122 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2317190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), also known as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), is an autoimmune disease that is characterised by elevated thyroid-specific antibody titres. The incidence of AIT is increasing year over year, making it urgent to establish a suitable animal model for this condition, in order to better explore its pathogenesis and potential pharmaceutical mechanisms for treatment. Owing to a lack of basic research on this disease, problems such as disparate modelling methods with unclear and varying success rates make it difficult for researchers to obtain effective information on AIT in the short term. This report summarises and analyzes the current literature on AIT and combines actual operability to explain the selection and specific implementation processes behind the uses of different modelling approaches, to provide a better overall understanding of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Maharani IL, Zauhari MH, Kiansantang RA, Wibowo RS, Humaira RN, Dwijayanti A, Sianipar IR. Systematic review of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy approach in thalassemia: Comparative analysis in animal models. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:848-859. [PMID: 38342626 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy has shown potential as a therapeutic approach for thalassemia in recent years. However, a comparison of the varying gene therapy methods of HSC gene therapy in thalassemia has never been reviewed. This study aims to evaluate the utilization of HSC gene therapy approaches in animal models of thalassemia. A systematic review was conducted in five databases: PubMed, EBSCOHost, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Proquest using a combination of the terms hematopoietic stem cell or hematopoietic stem cell or HSC, thalassemia, genetic therapy or gene therapy and animal model. Only journals published in English between 2008 and 2023 were included. This literature included six studies analyzing the use of HSC gene therapy in thalassemic mice models. The three outcomes being assessed in this review were globin levels, hematological parameters, and red blood cell (RBC) phenotypes. Gene therapy approaches for thalassemia using HSC showed significant improvement in β-globin levels and RBC phenotypes. Phenotypic improvements were also observed. These outcomes indicate good efficacy in gene therapy for thalassemia in mice models. Furthermore, more studies assessing the efficacy of HSC gene therapy in the human model should be done in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Laksmi Maharani
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hafizh Zauhari
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Razzan Satria Wibowo
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rizqi Najla Humaira
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Adisti Dwijayanti
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Imelda Rosalyn Sianipar
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Fusagawa H, Yamada T, Sato T, Ashida Y, Teramoto A, Takashima H, Naito A, Tokuda N, Yamauchi N, Ichise N, Ogon I, Yamashita T, Tohse N. Platelet-rich plasma does not accelerate the healing of damaged muscle following muscle strain. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1190-1199. [PMID: 38229261 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used regardless of the severity of muscle strain, there have been very few basic studies in which its effects on muscle injury were examined by using models that accurately mimic the clinical muscle strain injury process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to confirm by physiological and structural analyses whether PRP purified by a general preparation method has a muscle healing effect on muscle damage caused by eccentric contraction (ECC). Male Wistar rats were subjected to muscle injury induced by ECC in bilateral plantar flexor muscles using electrical stimulation and an automatically dorsiflexing footplate. The rats were randomly assigned to three groups by type of injection: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP), or leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) injection into gastrocnemius muscles three times at weekly intervals. The platelet concentrations of the LP-PRP and LR-PRP were three to five times higher than that of whole blood. The recovery process of torque strength in the plantar flexor muscle, signal changes in MRI images, and histological evaluation 3 weeks after injury showed no obvious differences among the three groups, and every muscle recovered well from the injury without marked fibrosis. The results that neither LP-PRP nor LR-PRP was found to accelerate healing of muscle injuries suggested that conventional preparation and use of PRP for simple muscle injuries caused by muscle strain should be carefully considered, and further basic research using models that accurately mimic clinical practice should be carried out to determine the optimal use of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyori Fusagawa
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Division of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ashida
- Division of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teramoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takashima
- Division of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Azuma Naito
- Division of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nao Tokuda
- Division of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nao Yamauchi
- Division of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Ichise
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Izaya Ogon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noritsugu Tohse
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Jackson MG, Lightman SL, Robinson ESJ. Characterisation of behaviours relevant to apathy syndrome in the aged male rat. Behav Brain Res 2024; 466:114977. [PMID: 38570074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Apathy is a complex psychiatric syndrome characterised by motivational deficit, emotional blunting and cognitive changes. It occurs alongside a broad range of neurological disorders, but also occurs in otherwise healthy ageing. Despite its clinical prevalence, apathy does not yet have a designated treatment strategy. Generation of a translational animal model of apathy syndrome would facilitate the development of novel treatments. Given the multidimensional nature of apathy, a model cannot be achieved with a single behavioural test. Using a battery of behavioural tests we investigated whether aged rats exhibit behavioural deficits across different domains relevant to apathy. Using the effort for reward and progressive ratio tasks we found that aged male rats (21-27 months) show intact reward motivation. Using the novelty supressed feeding test and position-based object exploration we found aged rats showed increased anxiety-like behaviour inconsistent with emotional blunting. The sucrose preference test and reward learning assay showed intact reward sensitivity and reward-related cognition in aged rats. However, using a bowl-digging version of the probabilistic reversal learning task, we found a deficit in cognitive flexibility in aged rats that did not translate across to a touchscreen version of the task. While these data reveal important changes in cognitive flexibility and anxiety associated with ageing, aged rats do not show deficits across other behavioural domains relevant to apathy. This suggests that aged rats are not a suitable model for age-related apathy syndrome. These findings contrast with previous work in mice, revealing important species differences in behaviours relevant to apathy syndrome in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G Jackson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Stafford L Lightman
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma S J Robinson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Vinitpairot C, Yik JHN, Haudenschild DR, Szabo RM, Bayne CO. Current trends in the prevention of adhesions after zone 2 flexor tendon repair. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 38761143 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Treating flexor tendon injuries within the digital flexor sheath (commonly referred to as palmar hand zone 2) presents both technical and logistical challenges. Success hinges on striking a delicate balance between safeguarding the surgical repair for tendon healing and initiating early rehabilitation to mitigate the formation of tendon adhesions. Adhesions between tendon slips and between tendons and the flexor sheath impede tendon movement, leading to postoperative stiffness and functional impairment. While current approaches to flexor tendon repair prioritize maximizing tendon strength for early mobilization and adhesion prevention, factors such as pain, swelling, and patient compliance may impede postoperative rehabilitation efforts. Moreover, premature mobilization could risk repair failure, necessitating additional surgical interventions. Pharmacological agents offer a potential avenue for minimizing inflammation and reducing adhesion formation while still promoting normal tendon healing. Although some systemic and local agents have shown promising results in animal studies, their clinical efficacy remains uncertain. Limitations in these studies include the relevance of chosen animal models to human populations and the adequacy of tools and measurement techniques in accurately assessing the impact of adhesions. This article provides an overview of the clinical challenges associated with flexor tendon injuries, discusses current on- and off-label agents aimed at minimizing adhesion formation, and examines investigational models designed to study adhesion reduction after intra-synovial flexor tendon repair. Understanding the clinical problem and experimental models may serve as a catalyst for future research aimed at addressing intra-synovial tendon adhesions following zone 2 flexor tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiyos Vinitpairot
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jasper H N Yik
- Department of Translational Orthopedic Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dominik R Haudenschild
- Department of Translational Orthopedic Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert M Szabo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Christopher O Bayne
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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van Kammen CM, Taal SEL, Wever KE, Granger JP, Lely AT, Terstappen F. The Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure as a model for preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction in murine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38758122 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00056.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure (RUPP) model is frequently used to study preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. An improved understanding of influential factors might improve reproducibility and reduce animal use considering the variability in RUPP phenotype. METHOD We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching Medline and Embase (until 03-28-2023) for RUPP studies in murine. Primary outcomes included: maternal blood pressure (BP) or proteinuria, fetal weight or crown-rump-length, fetal reabsorptions, or anti-angiogenic factors. We aimed to identify influential factors by meta-regression analysis. RESULTS We included 155 studies. Our meta-analysis showed that the RUPP procedure results in significantly higher BP (MD 24.1 mmHg; [22.6;25.7]; n=148), proteinuria (SMD 2.3; [0.9; 3.8]; n=28), fetal reabsorptions (MD 50.4%; [45.5; 55.2]; n=42), circulating soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) (SMD 2.6; [1.7; 3.4]; n=34), and lower fetal weight (MD -0.4 g; [-0.47; -0.34]; n=113. The heterogeneity (variability between studies) in primary outcomes appeared ≥90%. Our meta-regression identified influential factors in the method and time point of BP measurement, randomization in fetal weight, and type of control group in sFlt-1. DISCUSSION The RUPP is a robust model considering the evident differences in maternal and fetal outcomes. The high heterogeneity reflects the observed variability in phenotype. Due to underreporting, we observed reporting bias and a high risk of bias. We recommend standardizing study design by optimal time point and method chosen for readout measures to limit the variability. This contributes to improved reproducibility and thereby eventually improves the translational value of the RUPP model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kimberley E Wever
- Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joey P Granger
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - A Titia Lely
- Devision of Women and Baby, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Fieke Terstappen
- Obstetrics & Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Rong N, Wu J, Zhao B, Peng W, Yang H, Zhang G, Ruan D, Wei X, Liu J. Comparison of the pathogenicity and neutrophil and monocyte response between SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 in a lethal mouse model. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38760905 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2, first identified in late 2019, has given rise to numerous variants of concern (VOCs), posing a significant threat to human health. The emergence of Omicron BA.1.1 towards the end of 2021 led to a pandemic in early 2022. At present, the lethal mouse model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 needs supplementation, and the alterations in neutrophils and monocytes caused by different strains remain to be elucidated. METHODS Human ACE2 transgenic mice were inoculated with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1, respectively. The pathogenicity of the two strains was evaluated by observing clinical symptoms, viral load and pathology. Complete blood count, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to detect the alterations of neutrophils and monocytes caused by the two strains. RESULTS Our findings revealed that Omicron BA.1 exhibited significantly lower virulence compared to the SARS-CoV-2 prototype in the mouse model. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of neutrophils late in infection with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1. We found that the proportion of monocytes increased at first and then decreased. The trends in the changes in the proportions of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the two strains were similar. CONCLUSION Our study provides valuable insights into the utility of mouse models for simulating the severe disease of SARS-CoV-2 prototype infection and the milder manifestation associated with Omicron BA.1. SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 resulted in similar trends in the changes in neutrophils and monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanjun Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hekai Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gengxin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiaohui Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangning Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Bresette CA, Shea SM, Wagoner S, Bakshi S, Deshpande SR, Maher KO, Ku DN. Novel tubing connectors reduce ECMO circuit thrombosis. Int J Artif Organs 2024:3913988241252255. [PMID: 38742758 DOI: 10.1177/03913988241252255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombosis within extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuits is a common complication that dominates clinical management of patients receiving mechanical circulatory support. Prior studies have identified that over 80% of circuit thrombosis can be attributed to tubing-connector junctions. METHODS A novel connector was designed that reduces local regions of flow stagnation at the tubing-connector junction to eliminate a primary source of ECMO circuit thrombi. To compare clotting between the novel connectors and the traditional connectors, both in vitro loops and an in vivo caprine model of long-term (48 h) ECMO were used to generate tubing-connector junction clots. RESULTS In vitro, the traditional connectors uniformly (9/9) formed large thrombi, while novel connectors formed a small thrombus in only one of nine (p < 0.0001). In the long-term goat ECMO circuits, the traditional connectors exhibited more thrombi (p < 0.04), and these thrombi were more likely to protrude into the lumen of the tubing (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Both in vitro and in vivo validation experiments successfully recreated circuit thrombosis and demonstrate that the adoption of novel connectors can reduce the burden of circuit thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saagar Bakshi
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kevin O Maher
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David N Ku
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Mai XF, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhong WX, Zou LQ. Multiparametric MRI-based whole-liver radiomics for predicting early-stage liver fibrosis in rabbits. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:964-970. [PMID: 38552321 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a whole-liver radiomic model using multiparametric MRI for predicting early-stage liver fibrosis (LF) in rabbits. METHODS A total of 134 rabbits (early-stage LF, n = 91; advanced-stage LF, n = 43) who underwent liver magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), hepatobiliary phase, dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), diffusion kurtosis imaging, and T2* scanning were enrolled and randomly allocated to either the training or validation cohort. Whole-liver radiomic features were extracted and selected to develop a radiomic model and generate quantitative Rad-scores. Then, multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine the Rad-scores associated with early-stage LF, and effective features were integrated to establish a combined model. The predictive performance was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS The MRE model achieved superior AUCs of 0.95 in the training cohort and 0.86 in the validation cohort, followed by the DCE-MRI model (0.93 and 0.82), while the IVIM model had lower AUC values of 0.91 and 0.82, respectively. The Rad-scores of MRE, DCE-MRI and IVIM were identified as independent predictors associated with early-stage LF. The combined model demonstrated AUC values of 0.96 and 0.88 for predicting early-stage LF in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the remarkable performance of a multiparametric MRI-based radiomic model for the individualized diagnosis of early-stage LF. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This is the first study to develop a combined model by integrating multiparametric radiomic features to improve the accuracy of LF staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Mai
- Department of Radiology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Wen-Xin Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Li-Qiu Zou
- Department of Radiology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, China
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Christen M, Gregor KM, Böttcher-Künneke A, Lombardo MS, Baumgärtner W, Jagannathan V, Puff C, Leeb T. Intragenic MFSD8 duplication and histopathological findings in a rabbit with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Anim Genet 2024. [PMID: 38712841 DOI: 10.1111/age.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are among the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders of early life in humans. Disease-causing variants have been described for 13 different NCL genes. In this study, a refined pathological characterization of a female rabbit with progressive neurological signs reminiscent of NCL was performed. Cytoplasmic pigment present in neurons was weakly positive with Sudan black B and autofluorescent. Immunohistology revealed astrogliosis, microgliosis and axonal degeneration. During the subsequent genetic investigation, the genome of the affected rabbit was sequenced and examined for private variants in NCL candidate genes. The analysis revealed a homozygous ~10.7 kb genomic duplication on chromosome 15 comprising parts of the MFSD8 gene, NC_013683.1:g.103,727,963_103,738,667dup. The duplication harbors two internal protein coding exons and is predicted to introduce a premature stop codon into the transcript, truncating ~50% of the wild-type MFSD8 open reading frame encoding the major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 8, XP_002717309.2:p.(Glu235Leufs*23). Biallelic loss-of-function variants in MFSD8 have been described to cause NCL7 in human patients, dogs and a single cat. The available clinical and pathological data, together with current knowledge about MFSD8 variants and their functional impact in other species, point to the MFSD8 duplication as a likely causative defect for the observed phenotype in the affected rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Christen
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina M Gregor
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Mara S Lombardo
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christina Puff
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Boyd RF, Petersen-Jones SM. Techniques for subretinal injections in animals. Vet Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38700998 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Subretinal injections are not commonly performed during clinical treatment of animals but are frequently used in laboratory animal models to assess therapeutic efficacy and safety of gene and cell therapy products. Veterinary ophthalmologists are often employed to perform the injections in the laboratory animal setting, due to knowledge of comparative ocular anatomy between species and familiarity with operating on non-human eyes. Understanding the different approaches used for subretinal injection in each species and potential complications that may be encountered is vital to achieving successful and reproducible results. This manuscript provides a summary of different approaches to subretinal injections in the most common animal model species, along with information from published literature and experience of the authors to educate novice or experienced surgeons tasked with performing these injections for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan F Boyd
- Charles River Laboratories, Mattawan, Michigan, USA
| | - Simon M Petersen-Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Carmichael SP, Chandra PK, Vaughan JW, Kline DM, Ip EH, Holcomb JB, Atala A. Prevention of post-operative adhesions: Model development and pilot outcomes of human placental stem cell-based interventions. Transfusion 2024. [PMID: 38693056 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal adhesions are the most common surgical complication and without reliable prophylactics. This study presents a novel rat model for abdominal adhesions and reports pilot results of human placental stem cell (hPSC)-based therapies. METHODS Forty-four (n = 44) male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) were used in the experiment. Of these, thirty-eight (n = 38) were included in a preliminary data set to determine a minimum treatment effect. Adhesions were created in a reproducible model to the abdominal wall and between organs. Experimental groups included the control group (Model No Treatment, MNT), Plasmalyte A (Media Alone, MA, 10 mL), hPSC (5 × 106 cells/10 mL Plasmalyte A), hPSC-CM (hPSC secretome, conditioned media) in 10 mL Plasmalyte A, Seprafilm™ (Baxter, Deerfield, IL), and sham animals (laparotomy only). Treatments were inserted intraperitoneally (IP) and the study period was 14 days post-operation. Results are reported as the difference between means of an index statistic (AIS, Animal Index Score) and compared by ANOVA with pairwise comparison. RESULTS The overall mean AIS was 23 (SD 6.16) for the MNT group with an average of 75% of ischemic buttons involved in abdominal adhesions. Treatment groups MA (mean overall AIS 17.33 SD 6.4), hPSC (mean overall AIS 13.86 SD 5.01), hPSC-CM (mean overall AIS 13.13 SD 6.15), and Seprafilm (mean overall AIS 13.43 SD 9.11) generated effect sizes of 5.67, 9.14, 9.87, and 9.57 decrease in mean overall AIS, respectively, versus the MNT. DISCUSSION The presented rat model and scoring system represent the clinical adhesion disease process. hPSC-based interventions significantly reduce abdominal adhesions in this pilot dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Carmichael
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Prafulla K Chandra
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John W Vaughan
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David M Kline
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edward H Ip
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John B Holcomb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Andelius TCK, Hansen ESS, Bøgh N, Pedersen MV, Kyng KJ, Henriksen TB, Laustsen C. Hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: First investigations in a large animal model. NMR Biomed 2024; 37:e5110. [PMID: 38317333 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Early biomarkers of cerebral damage are essential for accurate prognosis, timely intervention, and evaluation of new treatment modalities in newborn infants with hypoxia and ischemia at birth. Hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a novel method with which to quantify metabolism in vivo with unprecedented sensitivity. We aimed to investigate the applicability of hyperpolarized 13C MRI in a newborn piglet model and whether this method may identify early changes in cerebral metabolism after a standardized hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult. Six piglets were anesthetized and subjected to a standardized HI insult. Imaging was performed prior to and 2 h after the insult on a 3-T MR scanner. For 13C studies, [1-13C]pyruvate was hyperpolarized in a commercial polarizer. Following intravenous injection, images were acquired using metabolic-specific imaging. HI resulted in a metabolic shift with a decrease in pyruvate to bicarbonate metabolism and an increase in pyruvate to lactate metabolism (lactate/bicarbonate ratio, mean [SD]; 2.28 [0.36] vs. 3.96 [0.91]). This is the first study to show that hyperpolarized 13C MRI can be used in newborn piglets and applied to evaluate early changes in cerebral metabolism after an HI insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C K Andelius
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Nikolaj Bøgh
- The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette V Pedersen
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper J Kyng
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tine B Henriksen
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Zhai Z, Kong F, Zhu Z, Dai J, Cai J, Xie D, Shen Y, Xu Y, Sun T. Effect and Potential Mechanism of Immunotherapy on Cognitive Deficits in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 32:555-583. [PMID: 38158285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunotherapy has been reported to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the animal model; however, the immunologic approaches and mechanisms have not been specifically described. Thus, the systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore the effect and potential mechanism of immunotherapy on AD animal experiments based on behavioral indicators. METHODS According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and the inclusion/exclusion criteria of immunotherapy in animal studies, 15 studies were systematically reviewed after extraction from a collected database of 3,742 publications. Finally, the effect and mechanism of immunotherapy on AD models were described by performing multiple subgroup analyses. RESULTS After immunotherapy, the escape latency was reduced by 18.15 seconds and the number of crossings over the platform location was increased by 1.60 times in the Morris Water Maze. Furthermore, compared to the control group, active and passive immunization could markedly ameliorate learning and memory impairment in 3 × Tg AD animal models, and active immunization could ameliorate the learning and memory ability of the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 AD animal model. Meanwhile, it could be speculated that cognitive dysfunction was improved by immunotherapy, perhaps mainly via reducing Aβ40, Aβ42, and Tau levels, as well as increasing IL-4 levels. CONCLUSION Immunotherapy significantly ameliorated the cognitive dysfunction of AD animal models by assessing behavioral indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fanjing Kong
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhishan Zhu
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jingyi Dai
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Cai
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy (DX, YS, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy (DX, YS, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (YX), Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Intelligent Medicine (ZZ, FK, ZZ, JD, JC, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy (DX, YS, TS), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Herringshaw E, Anderson RR, Tam J. The Yucatan miniature swine as a model for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024; 37:403-410. [PMID: 38361478 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a hypermelanosis that often occurs secondary to skin irritation or injury, especially in darker skin tones, for which there is currently a lack of effective treatment options. Few preclinical models are available to study PIH. Here, we show that the Yucatan miniature pig consistently develops PIH after skin injuries. Skin wounds were produced on Yucatan pigs by needle punches, full-thickness excisions, or burns. Wound sites were monitored and photographed regularly. Tissue samples were collected after 24 weeks and processed for histology/immunohistochemistry. Skin pigmentation and histologic changes were quantified by computer-assisted image analyses. All injury methods resulted in hyperpigmentation. Melanin content at the histologic level was quantified in the larger (burn and excision) wounds, showing a significant increase compared to uninjured skin. Increased melanin was found for both epidermal and dermal regions. Dermal melanin deposits were primarily clustered around the papillary vasculature, and were associated not with melanocytes but with leukocytes. The Yucatan miniature pig model recapitulates key clinical and histologic features of PIH in humans, including skin hyperpigmentation at both gross and histologic levels, and persistence of dermal melanin subsequent to injury. This model could be used to further our understanding of the etiology of PIH, and for new therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emilee Herringshaw
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Massachusetts, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua Tam
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Isak V, Azizi S, Zhou XK, Mehta D, Ding W, Bulmer Z, Aivazi DS, Dellinger RW, Granstein RD. Inhibition of UVB radiation-induced tissue swelling and immune suppression by nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2024; 40:e12961. [PMID: 38676310 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental ultraviolet radiation has deleterious effects on humans, including sunburn and immune perturbations. These immune changes are involved in skin carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVES To determine whether nicotinamide riboside and/or pterostilbene administered systemically inhibits inflammatory and immune effects of exposure to mid-range ultraviolet radiation. METHODS To examine UVB radiation-induced inflammatory effects, mice were fed standard chow/water, 0.04% pterostilbene in chow and 0.2% nicotinamide riboside in drinking water, diet with nicotinamide riboside alone, or diet with pterostilbene alone. After 4 weeks, mice were exposed to UVB radiation (3500 J/m2), and 24-/48-h ear swelling was assessed. We also asked if each agent or the combination inhibits UVB radiation suppression of contact hypersensitivity in two models. Mice were fed standard diet/water or chow containing 0.08% pterostilbene, water with 0.4% nicotinamide riboside, or both for 4 weeks. Low-dose: Half the mice in each group were exposed on the depilated dorsum to UVB radiation (1700 J/m2) daily for 4 days, whereas half were mock-irradiated. Mice were immunized on the exposed dorsum to dinitrofluorobenzene 4 h after the last irradiation, challenged 7 days later on the ears with dinitrofluorobenzene, and 24-h ear swelling assessed. High dose: Mice were treated similarly except that a single dose of 10,000 J/m2 of radiation was administered and immunization was performed on the unirradiated shaved abdomen 3 days later. RESULTS Nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene together inhibited UVB-induced skin swelling more than either alone. Pterostilbene alone and both given together could inhibit UVB-induced immune suppression in both the low-dose and high-dose models while nicotinamide riboside alone was more effective in the low-dose model than the high-dose model. CONCLUSION Nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene have protective effects against UVB radiation-induced tissue swelling and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Isak
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shayan Azizi
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xi K Zhou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Devina Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wanhong Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zakir Bulmer
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniella S Aivazi
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Abati E, Rizzuti M, Anastasia A, Comi GP, Corti S, Rizzo F. Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2A in vivo models: Current updates. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18293. [PMID: 38722298 PMCID: PMC11081012 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2A (CMT2A) is an inherited sensorimotor neuropathy associated with mutations within the Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) gene. These mutations impair normal mitochondrial functioning via different mechanisms, disturbing the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission, of mitophagy and mitochondrial axonal transport. Although CMT2A disease causes a significant disability, no resolutive treatment for CMT2A patients to date. In this context, reliable experimental models are essential to precisely dissect the molecular mechanisms of disease and to devise effective therapeutic strategies. The most commonly used models are either in vitro or in vivo, and among the latter murine models are by far the most versatile and popular. Here, we critically revised the most relevant literature focused on the experimental models, providing an update on the mammalian models of CMT2A developed to date. We highlighted the different phenotypic, histopathological and molecular characteristics, and their use in translational studies for bringing potential therapies from the bench to the bedside. In addition, we discussed limitations of these models and perspectives for future improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Abati
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Mafalda Rizzuti
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Alessia Anastasia
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Stefania Corti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari CenterUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of NeuroscienceFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Federica Rizzo
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
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King RE, Rademacher J, Ward-Shaw ET, Hu R, Bilger A, Blaine-Sauer S, Spurgeon ME, Thibeault SL, Lambert PF. The Larynx is Protected from Secondary and Vertical Papillomavirus Infection in Immunocompetent Mice. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2322-2330. [PMID: 38084790 PMCID: PMC11006576 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mouse papillomavirus MmuPV1 causes both primary and secondary infections of the larynx in immunocompromised mice. Understanding lateral and vertical transmission of papillomavirus to the larynx would benefit patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). To test the hypothesis that the larynx is uniquely vulnerable to papillomavirus infection, and to further develop a mouse model of RRP, we assessed whether immunocompetent mice were vulnerable to secondary or vertical laryngeal infection with MmuPV1. METHODS Larynges were collected from 405 immunocompetent adult mice that were infected with MmuPV1 in the oropharynx, oral cavity, or anus, and 31 mouse pups born to immunocompetent females infected in the cervicovaginal tract. Larynges were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of lavage fluid or whole tissues for viral DNA, histopathology, and/or in situ hybridization for MmuPV1 transcripts. RESULTS Despite some positive laryngeal lavage PCR screens, all laryngeal tissue PCR and histopathology results were negative for MmuPV1 DNA, transcripts, and disease. There was no evidence for lateral spread of MmuPV1 to the larynges of immunocompetent mice that were infected in the oral cavity, oropharynx, or anus. Pups born to infected mothers were negative for laryngeal MmuPV1 infection from birth through weaning age. CONCLUSION Secondary and vertical laryngeal MmuPV1 infections were not found in immunocompetent mice. Further work is necessary to explore immunologic control of laryngeal papillomavirus infection in a mouse model and to improve preclinical models of RRP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:2322-2330, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee E. King
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Josef Rademacher
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ella T. Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Andrea Bilger
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Simon Blaine-Sauer
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Megan E. Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Susan L. Thibeault
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Peña JE, Corbett BF, Tamminga CA, Bhatnagar S, Hitti FL. Investigating Resistance to Antidepressants in Animal Models. Neuroscience 2024; 548:69-80. [PMID: 38697464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diseases, and up to 30-40% of patients remain symptomatic despite treatment. Novel therapies are sorely needed, and animal models may be used to elucidate fundamental neurobiological processes that contribute to human disease states. We conducted a systematic review of current preclinical approaches to investigating treatment resistance with the goal of describing a path forward for improving our understanding of treatment resistant depression. We conducted a broad literature search to identify studies relevant to the preclinical investigation of treatment resistant depression. We followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and included all relevant studies. We identified 467 studies in our initial search. Of these studies, we included 69 in our systematic review after applying our inclusion/exclusion criteria. We identified 10 broad strategies for investigating treatment resistance in animal models. Stress hormone administration was the most commonly used model, and the most common behavioral test was the forced swim test. We systematically identified and reviewed current approaches for gaining insight into the neurobiology underlying treatment resistant depression using animal models. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, but all require careful consideration of their potential limitations regarding therapeutic translation. An enhanced understanding of treatment resistant depression is sorely needed given the burden of disease and lack of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna E Peña
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Brian F Corbett
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Frederick L Hitti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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Heinis FI, Merani S, Markin NW, Duncan KF, Moulton MJ, Fristoe L, Thorell WE, Sherrick RA, Wells TR, Andrews MT, Urban M. Considerations for the use of porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38689510 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical transplantation. Animal models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury, organ preservation strategies, and future donor-based interventions. Important considerations include cost, public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research, translational value, and relevance of the animal model for clinical practice. We present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation: donation following brain death (DBD) and donation following circulatory death (DCD). The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans, making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical research. Pigs are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney xenotransplantation. It is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically complex. We present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases, procedural approach, challenges, alternatives, and limitations of each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frazer I Heinis
- School of Natural Resources, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Shaheed Merani
- Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Nicholas W Markin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kim F Duncan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Michael J Moulton
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Lance Fristoe
- Clinical Perfusion, Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - William E Thorell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Raechel A Sherrick
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tami R Wells
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Matthew T Andrews
- School of Natural Resources, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Marian Urban
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Jalal Z, Langouet E, Dib N, Le-Quellenec S, Mostefa-Kara M, Martin A, Roubertie F, Thambo JB. Role and Applications of Experimental Animal Models of Fontan Circulation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2601. [PMID: 38731130 PMCID: PMC11084605 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last four decades, the Fontan operation has been the treatment of choice for children born with complex congenital heart diseases and a single-ventricle physiology. However, therapeutic options remain limited and despite ongoing improvements in initial surgical repair, patients still experience a multiplicity of cardiovascular complications. The causes for cardiovascular failure are multifactorial and include systemic ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary vascular resistance, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, arrhythmia, development of collaterals, protein-losing enteropathy, hepatic dysfunction, and plastic bronchitis, among others. The mechanisms leading to these late complications remain to be fully elucidated. Experimental animal models have been developed as preclinical steps that enable a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. They furthermore play a key role in the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of new medical devices prior to their use in human clinical studies. However, these experimental models have several limitations. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the evolution and progress of the various types of experimental animal models used in the Fontan procedure published to date in the literature. A special focus is placed on experimental studies performed on animal models of the Fontan procedure with or without mechanical circulatory support as well as a description of their impact in the evolution of the Fontan design. We also highlight the contribution of animal models to our understanding of the pathophysiology and assess forthcoming developments that may improve the contribution of animal models for the testing of new therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Jalal
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France; (N.D.); (F.R.); (J.-B.T.)
- LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Elise Langouet
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France;
| | - Nabil Dib
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France; (N.D.); (F.R.); (J.-B.T.)
- LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, 33600 Pessac, France
| | | | - Mansour Mostefa-Kara
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease Medico-Surgical Unit, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Amandine Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, 97400 Saint-Denis, France;
| | - François Roubertie
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France; (N.D.); (F.R.); (J.-B.T.)
- LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Thambo
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France; (N.D.); (F.R.); (J.-B.T.)
- LIRYC Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, 33600 Pessac, France
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22
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Teixidó-Trujillo S, Porrini E, Menéndez-Quintanal LM, Torres-Ramírez A, Fumero C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez AE. Induction of diabetes by Tacrolimus in a phenotypic model of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1388361. [PMID: 38745946 PMCID: PMC11092379 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1388361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pathogenesis of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM) is complex and multifactorial and it resembles that of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). One risk factor specific to PTDM differentiates both entities: the use of immunosuppressive therapy. Specifically, Tacrolimus interacts with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) in accelerating the onset of PTDM. In a genotypic model of IR, the obese Zucker rats, Tacrolimus is highly diabetogenic by promoting the same changes in beta-cell already modified by IR. Nevertheless, genotypic animal models have their limitations and may not resemble the real pathophysiology of diabetes. In this study, we have evaluated the interaction between beta-cell damage and Tacrolimus in a non-genotypic animal model of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat enriched diet during 45 days to induce obesity and metabolic dysregulation. On top of this established obesity, the administration of Tacrolimus (1mg/kg/day) during 15 days induced severe hyperglycaemia and changes in morphological and structural characteristics of the pancreas. Results Obese animals administered with Tacrolimus showed increased size of islets of Langerhans and reduced beta-cell proliferation without changes in apoptosis. There were also changes in beta-cell nuclear factors such as a decrease in nuclear expression of MafA and a nuclear overexpression of FoxO1A, PDX-1 and NeuroD1. These animals also showed increased levels of pancreatic insulin and glucagon. Discussion This model could be evidence of the relationship between the T2DM and PTDM physiopathology and, eventually, the model may be instrumental to study the pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Teixidó-Trujillo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Esteban Porrini
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Menéndez-Quintanal
- Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Armando Torres-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cecilia Fumero
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ana Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Kashir J, Mistry BV, Rajab MA, BuSaleh L, Abu-Dawud R, Ahmed HA, Alharbi S, Nomikos M, AlHassan S, Coskun S, Assiri AM. The mammalian sperm factor phospholipase C zeta is critical for early embryo division and pregnancy in humans and mice. Hum Reprod 2024:deae078. [PMID: 38670547 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are sperm phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) profiles linked to the quality of embryogenesis and pregnancy? SUMMARY ANSWER Sperm PLCζ levels in both mouse and humans correlate with measures of ideal embryogenesis whereby minimal levels seem to be required to result in successful pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY While causative factors underlying male infertility are multivariable, cases are increasingly associated with the efficacy of oocyte activation, which in mammals occurs in response to specific profiles of calcium (Ca2+) oscillations driven by sperm-specific PLCζ. Although sperm PLCζ abrogation is extensively linked with human male infertility where oocyte activation is deficient, less is clear as to whether sperm PLCζ levels or localization underlies cases of defective embryogenesis and failed pregnancy following fertility treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A cohort of 54 couples undergoing fertility treatment were recruited at the assisted reproductive technology laboratory at the King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The recruitment criteria for males was a minimum sperm concentration of 5×106 sperm/ml, while all female patients had to have at least five oocytes. Sperm PLCζ analysis was performed in research laboratories, while semen assessments were performed, and time-lapse morphokinetic data were obtained, in the fertility clinic as part of routine treatment. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was concurrently used to induce indels and single-nucleotide mutations within the Plcζ gene to generate strains of Plcζ mutant mice. Sperm PLCζ was evaluated using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting with an antibody of confirmed consistent specificity against PLCζ. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We evaluated PLCζ profiles in sperm samples from 54 human couples undergoing fertility treatment in the context of time-lapse morphokinetic analysis of resultant embryos, correlating such profiles to pregnancy status. Concurrently, we generated two strains of mutant Plcζ mice using CRISPR/Cas9, and performed IVF with wild type (WT) oocytes and using WT or mutant Plcζ sperm to generate embryos. We also assessed PLCζ status in WT and mutant mice sperm in the context of time-lapse morphokinetic analysis and breeding outcomes. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive relationship was observed between both PLCζ relative fluorescence and relative density with the times taken for both the second cell division (CC2) (r = 0.26 and r = 0.43, respectively) and the third cell division (S2) (r = 0.26). Examination of localization patterns also indicated significant correlations between the presence or absence of sperm PLCζ and CC2 (r = 0.27 and r = -0.27, respectively; P ≤ 0.025). Human sperm PLCζ levels were at their highest in the ideal times of CC2 (8-12 h) compared to time ranges outside the ideal timeframe (<8 and >12 h) where levels of human sperm PLCζ were lower. Following assignment of PLCζ level thresholds, quantification revealed a significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) rate of successful pregnancy in values larger than the assigned cut-off for both relative fluorescence (19% vs 40%, respectively) and relative density (8% vs 54%, respectively). Immunoblotting indicated a single band for PLCζ at 74 kDa in sperm from WT mice, while a single band was also observed in sperm from heterozygous of Plcζ mutant mouse sperm, but at a diminished intensity. Immunofluorescent analysis indicated the previously reported (Kashir et al., 2021) fluorescence patterns in WT sperm, while sperm from Plcζ mutant mice exhibited a significantly diminished and dispersed pattern at the acrosomal region of the sperm head. Breeding experiments indicated a significantly reduced litter size of mutant Plcζ male mice compared to WT mice, while IVF-generated embryos using sperm from mutant Plcζ mice exhibited high rates of polyspermy, and resulted in significantly reduced numbers of these embryos reaching developmental milestones. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The human population examined was relatively small, and should be expanded to examine a larger multi-centre cohort. Infertility conditions are often multivariable, and it was not possible to evaluate all these in human patients. However, our mutant Plcζ mouse experiments do suggest that PLCζ plays a significant role in early embryo development. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We found that minimal levels of PLCζ within a specific range were required for optimal early embryogenesis, correlating with increased pregnancy. Levels of sperm PLCζ below specific thresholds were associated with ineffective embryogenesis and lower pregnancy rates, despite eliciting successful fertilization in both mice and humans. To our knowledge, this represents the first time that PLCζ levels in sperm have been correlated to prognostic measures of embryogenic efficacy and pregnancy rates in humans. Our data suggest for the first time that the clinical utilization of PLCζ may stand to benefit not just a specific population of male infertility where oocyte activation is completely deficient (wherein PLCζ is completely defective/abrogated), but also perhaps the larger population of couples seeking fertility treatment. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) J.K. is supported by a faculty start up grant awarded by Khalifa University (FSU-2023-015). This study was also supported by a Healthcare Research Fellowship Award (HF-14-16) from Health and Care Research Wales (HCRW) to J.K., alongside a National Science, Technology, and Innovation plan (NSTIP) project grant (15-MED4186-20) awarded by the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for J.K. and A.M.A. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Kashir
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhavesh V Mistry
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Rajab
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain BuSaleh
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Abu-Dawud
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, MSH Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hala A Ahmed
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alharbi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michail Nomikos
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saad AlHassan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serdar Coskun
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Genis-Mendoza AD, Juárez-Rojop IE, Escobar-Chan YM, Tovilla-Zárate CA, López-Narváez ML, Nicolini H, González-Castro TB. Increased Depressive-like, Anxiety-like, and Perseverative-like Behavior in Binge Eating Model in Juvenile Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1275. [PMID: 38732521 PMCID: PMC11085508 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate depressive-like, anxiety-like, and perseverative-like behaviors in a binge eating model. Juvenile Wistar rats, using the binge eating model, were compared to caloric restriction, induced stress, and control groups. Rats of the induced stress group presented binge-like behaviors in standard food intake in the second cycle of the experiment when compared to the caloric restriction group and the binge eating model group. Depressive-like behavior was observed in the binge eating model group with longer immobility time (p < 0.001) and less swim time (p < 0.001) in comparison to the control group. Anxiety-like behavior was observed by shorter duration of burying latency in the binge eating model group when compared to the induced stress group (p = 0.04) and a longer duration of burying time when compared to the control group (p = 0.02). We observed perseverative-like behavior by the binge model group, who made more entries to the new arm (p = 0.0004) and spent a longer time in the new arm when compared to the control group (p = 0.0001). Our results show differences in behaviors between the groups of rats studied. These results suggest that calorie restriction-refeeding, along with stress, may lead to depressive-like, anxiety-like, and perseverative-like behavioral changes in male Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (I.E.J.-R.); (Y.M.E.-C.)
| | - Yudy Merady Escobar-Chan
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (I.E.J.-R.); (Y.M.E.-C.)
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco 86650, Mexico;
| | - María Lilia López-Narváez
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco 86650, Mexico;
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez 86205, Mexico;
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25
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Abu-Hdaib B, Nsairat H, El-Tanani M, Al-Deeb I, Hasasna N. In vivo evaluation of mebendazole and Ran GTPase inhibition in breast cancer model system. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 38661720 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the therapeutic potential of mebendazole (MBZ)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Methodology: NLC-MBZ was prepared and characterized to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects and the inhibitory effect on RanGTP and its potential as an antimetastatic treatment in vivo. Results: NLC-MBZ exhibited a size and charge of 155 ± 20 nm and -27 ± 0.5 mV, respectively, with 90.7% encapsulation. Free MBZ and NLC-MBZ had a 50% inhibitory concentration of 610 and 305 nM, respectively, against MDA-MB-231 cell lines. NLC-MBZ decreased tumor size, suppressed tumor lung metastases, and lowered the expression of CDC25A, SKP2, RbX1 and Cullin1 while boosting the Rb proteins. Conclusion: NLC-MBZ displayed antiangiogenic potential and resulted in a reduced rate of lung metastasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balqis Abu-Hdaib
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Al-Deeb
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Nabil Hasasna
- Department of Cell Therapy & Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), P.O. Box: 1269, Amman, 11941, Jordan
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26
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Carozza G, Zerti D, Tisi A, Ciancaglini M, Maccarrone M, Maccarone R. An overview of retinal light damage models for preclinical studies on age-related macular degeneration: identifying molecular hallmarks and therapeutic targets. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:303-330. [PMID: 38153807 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, multifactorial disease leading to progressive and irreversible retinal degeneration, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated yet. Due to the complexity and to the multiple features of the disease, many efforts have been made to develop animal models which faithfully reproduce the overall AMD hallmarks or that are able to mimic the different AMD stages. In this context, light damage (LD) rodent models of AMD represent a suitable and reliable approach to mimic the different AMD forms (dry, wet and geographic atrophy) while maintaining the time-dependent progression of the disease. In this review, we comprehensively reported how the LD paradigms reproduce the main features of human AMD. We discuss the capability of these models to broaden the knowledge in AMD research, with a focus on the mechanisms and the molecular hallmarks underlying the pathogenesis of the disease. We also critically revise the remaining challenges and future directions for the use of LD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carozza
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Darin Zerti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Ciancaglini
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Maccarone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Mahendra I, Kurniawan A, Basit Febrian M, Halimah I, Rizaludin A, Gustaman Syarif D. Cell-Derived Allograft Models as a Solution to the Obstacles of Preclinical Studies under Limited Resources: A Systematic Review on Experimental Lung Cancer Animal Models. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2024; 19:CRCEP-EPUB-139927. [PMID: 38659262 DOI: 10.2174/0127724328295592240419064719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of appropriate animal models for cancer studies is a major challenge, particularly for investigators who lack the resources to maintain and use xenograft animals or genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM). In addition, several countries intending to incorporate these models must conduct importation procedures, posing an additional challenge. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to explore the use of cell-derived allograft or syngeneic models under limited resources. The results can be used by investigators, specifically from low-middle-income countries, to contribute to lung cancer eradication. METHOD A literature search was carried out on various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. In addition, the publication year of the selected articles was set between 2013 and 2023 with different search components (SC), namely lung cancer (SC1), animal models (SC2), and preclinical studies (SC3). RESULTS This systematic review focused on selecting animals, cells, and methods that could be applied to generating allograft-type lung cancer animal models from 101 included articles. CONCLUSION Based on the results, the use of cell-derived allograft models in cancer studies is feasible and relevant, and it provides valuable insights regarding the conditions with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Mahendra
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Kurniawan
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Basit Febrian
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
| | - Iim Halimah
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
| | - Asep Rizaludin
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
| | - Dani Gustaman Syarif
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
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28
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Mercante F, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Pucci M, Botticelli L, Cifani C, D'Addario C, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV. Repeated binge-like eating episodes in female rats alter adenosine A 2A and dopamine D2 receptor genes regulation in the brain reward system. Int J Eat Disord 2024. [PMID: 38650547 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Binge-eating disorder is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent binge-eating episodes, during which individuals consume excessive amounts of highly palatable food (HPF) in a short time. This study investigates the intricate relationship between repeated binge-eating episode and the transcriptional regulation of two key genes, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), in selected brain regions of rats. METHOD Binge-like eating behavior on HPF was induced through the combination of food restrictions and frustration stress (15 min exposure to HPF without access to it) in female rats, compared to control rats subjected to only restriction or only stress or none of these two conditions. After chronic binge-eating episodes, nucleic acids were extracted from different brain regions, and gene expression levels were assessed through real-time quantitative PCR. The methylation pattern on genes' promoters was investigated using pyrosequencing. RESULTS The analysis revealed A2AAR upregulation in the amygdala and in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and D2R downregulation in the nucleus accumbens in binge-eating rats. Concurrently, site-specific DNA methylation alterations at gene promoters were identified in the VTA for A2AAR and in the amygdala and caudate putamen for D2R. DISCUSSION The alterations on A2AAR and D2R genes regulation highlight the significance of epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology of binge-eating behavior, and underscore the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions, to prevent the development of this maladaptive feeding behavior. These findings provide valuable insights for future research in the field of eating disorders. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Using an animal model with face, construct, and predictive validity, in which cycles of food restriction and frustration stress evoke binge-eating behavior, we highlight the significance of epigenetic mechanisms on adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) genes regulation. They could represent new potential targets for the pharmacological management of eating disorders characterized by this maladaptive feeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mercante
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Pucci
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Luca Botticelli
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Claudio D'Addario
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Lin ZC, Hung CF, Aljuffali IA, Lin MH, Fang JY. RNA-Based Antipsoriatic Gene Therapy: An Updated Review Focusing on Evidence from Animal Models. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1277-1296. [PMID: 38681207 PMCID: PMC11055533 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s447780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis presents as a complex genetic skin disorder, characterized by the interaction between infiltrated immune cells and keratinocytes. Substantial progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of both coding and non-coding genes, which has positively impacted clinical treatment approaches. Despite extensive research into the genetic aspects of psoriasis pathogenesis, fully grasping its epigenetic component remains a challenging endeavor. In response to the pressing demand for innovative treatments to alleviate inflammatory skin disorders, various novel strategies are under consideration. These include gene therapy employing antisense nucleotides, silencing RNA complexes, stem cell therapy, and antibody-based therapy. There is a pressing requirement for a psoriasis-like animal model that replicates human psoriasis to facilitate early preclinical evaluations of these novel treatments. The authors conduct a comprehensive review of various gene therapy in different psoriasis-like animal models utilized in psoriasis research. The animals included in the list underwent skin treatments such as imiquimod application, as well as genetic and biologic injections, and the results of these interventions are detailed. Animal models play a crucial role in translating drug discoveries from the laboratory to clinical practice, and these models aid in improving the reproducibility and clinical applicability of preclinical data. Numerous animal models with characteristics similar to those of human psoriasis have proven to be useful in understanding the development of psoriasis. In this review, the article focuses on RNA-based gene therapy exploration in different types of psoriasis-like animal models to improve the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Chan Lin
- Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ibrahim A Aljuffali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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30
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Okabe Y, Murakoshi N, Kurebayashi N, Inoue H, Ito Y, Murayama T, Miyoshi C, Funato H, Ishii K, Xu D, Tajiri K, Qin R, Aonuma K, Murakata Y, Song Z, Wakana S, Yokoyama U, Sakurai T, Aonuma K, Ieda M, Yanagisawa M. An inherited life-threatening arrhythmia model established by screening randomly mutagenized mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2218204121. [PMID: 38621141 PMCID: PMC11047072 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218204121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited arrhythmia syndromes (IASs) can cause life-threatening arrhythmias and are responsible for a significant proportion of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs). Despite progress in the development of devices to prevent SCDs, the precise molecular mechanisms that induce detrimental arrhythmias remain to be fully investigated, and more effective therapies are desirable. In the present study, we screened a large-scale randomly mutagenized mouse library by electrocardiography to establish a disease model of IASs and consequently found one pedigree that exhibited spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) followed by SCD within 1 y after birth. Genetic analysis successfully revealed a missense mutation (p.I4093V) of the ryanodine receptor 2 gene to be a cause of the arrhythmia. We found an age-related increase in arrhythmia frequency accompanied by cardiomegaly and decreased ventricular contractility in the Ryr2I4093V/+ mice. Ca2+ signaling analysis and a ryanodine binding assay indicated that the mutant ryanodine receptor 2 had a gain-of-function phenotype and enhanced Ca2+ sensitivity. Using this model, we detected the significant suppression of VA following flecainide or dantrolene treatment. Collectively, we established an inherited life-threatening arrhythmia mouse model from an electrocardiogram-based screen of randomly mutagenized mice. The present IAS model may prove feasible for use in investigating the mechanisms of SCD and assessing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Okabe
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Murakoshi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo113-8421, Japan
| | - Hana Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo160-8402, Japan
| | - Yoko Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo113-8421, Japan
| | - Chika Miyoshi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Funato
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ishii
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo113-8421, Japan
| | - Dongzhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Rujie Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Murakata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Zonghu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Wakana
- Technology and Development Team for Mouse Phenotype Analysis, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba305-0074, Japan
- Department of Animal Experimentation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe650-0047, Japan
| | - Utako Yokoyama
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo160-8402, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo160-8582, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba305-8575, Japan
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31
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Aronowitz DI, Geoffrion TR, Piel S, Benson EJ, Morton SR, Starr J, Melchior RW, Gaudio HA, Degani RE, Widmann NJ, Weeks MK, Ko TS, Licht DJ, Hefti M, Gaynor JW, Kilbaugh TJ, Mavroudis CD. Early Impairment of Cerebral Bioenergetics After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonatal Swine. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024:21501351241232077. [PMID: 38646826 DOI: 10.1177/21501351241232077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: We previously demonstrated cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction in neonatal swine immediately following a period of full-flow cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The extent to which this dysfunction persists in the postoperative period and its correlation with other markers of cerebral bioenergetic failure and injury is unknown. We utilized a neonatal swine model to investigate the early evolution of mitochondrial function and cerebral bioenergetic failure after CPB. Methods: Twenty piglets (mean weight 4.4 ± 0.5 kg) underwent 3 h of CPB at 34 °C via cervical cannulation and were followed for 8, 12, 18, or 24 h (n = 5 per group). Markers of brain tissue damage (glycerol) and bioenergetic dysfunction (lactate to pyruvate ratio) were continuously measured in cerebral microdialysate samples. Control animals (n = 3, mean weight 4.1 ± 1.2 kg) did not undergo cannulation or CPB. Brain tissue was extracted immediately after euthanasia to obtain ex-vivo cortical mitochondrial respiration and frequency of cortical microglial nodules (indicative of cerebral microinfarctions) via neuropathology. Results: Both the lactate to pyruvate ratio (P < .0001) and glycerol levels (P = .01) increased in cerebral microdialysate within 8 h after CPB. At 24 h post-CPB, cortical mitochondrial respiration was significantly decreased compared with controls (P = .046). The presence of microglial nodules increased throughout the study period (24 h) (P = .01, R2 = 0.9). Conclusion: CPB results in impaired cerebral bioenergetics that persist for at least 24 h. During this period of bioenergetic impairment, there may be increased susceptibility to secondary injury related to alterations in metabolic delivery or demand, such as hypoglycemia, seizures, and decreased cerebral blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle I Aronowitz
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tracy R Geoffrion
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Piel
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emilie J Benson
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah R Morton
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Starr
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard W Melchior
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hunter A Gaudio
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rinat E Degani
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Widmann
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Katie Weeks
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany S Ko
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Licht
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marco Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J William Gaynor
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Todd J Kilbaugh
- Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Constantine D Mavroudis
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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32
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Panes C, Valdivia-Gandur I, Veuthey C, Sousa V, del Sol M, Beltrán V. Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis of Peri-Implant Bone Defects Exposed to a Peri-Implantitis Microcosm, with and without Bone Substitute, in a Rabbit Model: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:397. [PMID: 38671818 PMCID: PMC11048142 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and a progressive loss of supporting bone; it is commonly associated with the presence of biofilms on the surface of the implant, which is an important factor in the development and progression of the disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate, using micro-CT, the bone regeneration of surgically created peri-implant defects exposed to a microcosm of peri-implantitis. Twenty-three adult New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study. Bone defects of 7 mm diameter were created in both tibiae, and a cap-shaped titanium device was placed in the center, counter-implanted with a peri-implantitis microcosm. The bone defects received a bone substitute and/or a resorbable synthetic PLGA membrane, according to random distribution. Euthanasia was performed 15 and 30 days postoperatively. Micro-CT was performed on all samples to quantify bone regeneration parameters. Bone regeneration of critical defects occurred in all experimental groups, with a significantly greater increase in cases that received bone graft treatment (p < 0.0001), in all measured parameters, at 15 and 30 days. No significant differences were observed in the different bone neoformation parameters between the groups that did not receive bone grafts (p > 0.05). In this experimental model, the presence of peri-implantitis microcosms was not a determining factor in the bone volume parameter, both in the groups that received regenerative treatment and in those that did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Panes
- Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), School of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.P.); (C.V.); (M.d.S.)
- PhD Program in Morphological Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | | | - Carlos Veuthey
- Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), School of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.P.); (C.V.); (M.d.S.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Vanessa Sousa
- Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Kings College London, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Mariano del Sol
- Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), School of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.P.); (C.V.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Víctor Beltrán
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center, Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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33
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Pilipenko V, Upite J, Revina BL, Jansone B. Long-Term Alterations in Motor Skills, Neurogenesis and Astrocyte Numbers following Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Mice. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:658. [PMID: 38674304 PMCID: PMC11052140 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives. Neurogenesis is an integral process in post-stroke recovery, involving the recruitment of proliferating neuroblasts from neurogenic niches of the mammal brain. However, the role of neurogenesis in the long-term restoration following ischemic stroke is fragmented. Post-stroke motor dysfunction includes challenges in the proper, coordinated use of hands and is present in roughly two-thirds of human patients. In this study, we investigated chronic behavioral and biochemical alterations after transient cerebral ischemia in adult male mice. Materials and Methods: Twelve-week-old C57BL/6N male mice were used, and fMCAo lasting 60 min was induced. At multiple timepoints after fMCAo induction, a single pellet reaching task was performed. Six months after the procedure, we immunohistochemically determined the number of proliferating neuroblasts (BrdU and DCX-positive) and the number of differentiated astrocytes (GFAP-positive) in both brain hemispheres. Results: The reaching ability of fMCAo mice was impaired from one month to six months after the induction of ischemia. Neuroblast proliferation was increased in the ipsilateral SVZ, whereas GFAP+ cell count was elevated in the hippocampal DG of both hemispheres of the fMCAo group mice. Conclusions: Our current report demonstrates the long-term effects of transient cerebral ischemia on mice functional parameters and neurogenesis progression. Our data demonstrate that transient cerebral ischemia promotes a long-lasting regenerative response in the ipsilateral brain hemisphere, specifically in the neurogenic SVZ and DG regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimirs Pilipenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (J.U.); (B.L.R.)
| | | | | | - Baiba Jansone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (J.U.); (B.L.R.)
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34
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Zhang H, Yang J, Guo Y, Lü P, Gong X, Chen K, Li X, Tang M. Rotenone-induced PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy: establishing a silkworm model for Parkinson's disease potential. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1359294. [PMID: 38706874 PMCID: PMC11066238 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1359294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), ranking as the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, presents a pressing need for innovative animal models to deepen our understanding of its pathophysiology and explore potential therapeutic interventions. The development of such animal models plays a pivotal role in unraveling the complexities of PD and investigating promising treatment avenues. In this study, we employed transcriptome sequencing on BmN cells treated with 1 μg/ml rotenone, aiming to elucidate the underlying toxicological mechanisms. The investigation brought to light a significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by rotenone, subsequently triggering mitophagy. Notably, the PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway emerged as a key player in the cascade leading to rotenone-induced mitophagy. Furthermore, our exploration extended to silkworms exposed to 50 μg/ml rotenone, revealing distinctive motor dysfunction as well as inhibition of Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression. These observed effects not only contribute valuable insights into the impact and intricate mechanisms of rotenone exposure on mitophagy but also provide robust scientific evidence supporting the utilization of rotenone in establishing a PD model in the silkworm. This comprehensive investigation not only enriches our understanding of the toxicological pathways triggered by rotenone but also highlights the potential of silkworms as a valuable model organism for PD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Lü
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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35
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Sievers J, Distl O. The Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Chronic Progressive Lymphedema and Body Traits in the Rhenish German Draught Horse. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1214. [PMID: 38672362 PMCID: PMC11047459 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic progressive lymphedema (CPL) is a prevalent and progressive disease in Rhenish German draught horses. The objective of our follow-up study was to evaluate the heritability of this disease in Rhenish German draught horses using pedigree-based and genomic relationship matrices. We employed linear and threshold animal models. Models included the random animal effect and effects of breeding association, coat colour, sex, and age within sex, and farm-related factors, on CPL scores. In addition, we estimated heritabilities in models assuming censoring for data when horses were below an age of 1-15 years. The heritabilities of CPL scores across all ages were 0.595 ± 0.131 and 0.482 ± 0.105 in the threshold and linear animal model with pedigree-based relationship matrices, respectively. The restriction of data to horses with a minimum age at examination or accounting for censored data in younger animals showed an increase in heritabilities of CPL scores up to 0.788 ± 0.168 (threshold model) and 0.752 ± 0.153 (linear model) at an age of 7-8 years. Analyses including genomic relationship matrices yielded very similar estimates, but with smaller standard errors than pedigree-based analyses. Heritabilities in threshold models for CPL prevalence (CPL-bin-score) and the number of affected limbs (CPL-bin-sum) were 0.176-0.189 ± 0.061-0.064 and 0.375-0.433 ± 0.164-0.170, respectively. We were able to show moderately to highly positive genetic correlations between the CPL score and cannon bone circumference (0.529-0.825), height at withers (0.338-0.555), and skinfold thickness (0.241-0.517). Using the dichotomous trait for the CPL score and the genomic relationship matrix resulted in corresponding estimates of 0.868, 0.793, and 0.784, respectively. This study showed the great importance of additive genetic variation influencing the expression of chronic progressive lymphedema in Rhenish German draught horses. Therefore, further research is warranted to implement breeding programmes in a small breeding population that exploit the potential of additive genetic differences among animals for reducing the prevalence and severity of lesions of this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ottmar Distl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (Foundation), 30559 Hannover, Germany;
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Zhou T, Cai P, Li J, Dan X, Li Z. Pathological Variations and Immune Response in Channa argus Infected with Pathogenic Nocardia seriolae Strain. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024:109554. [PMID: 38641217 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Nocardia seriolae pathogen causes chronic granulomatous disease, reportedly affecting over 40 species of marine and freshwater cultured fish. Hence, research is required to address and eliminate this significant threat to the aquaculture industry. In this respect, a reliable and reproducible infection model needs to be established to better understand the biology of this pathogen and its interactions with the host during infection, as well as to develop new vaccines or other effective treatment methods. In this study, we examined the pathogenicity of the pathogen and the immune response of snakehead (Channa argus) juvenile to N. seriolae using a range of methods and analyses, including pathogen isolation and identification, histopathology, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis, and determination of the median lethal dose (LD50) and cytokine expression. We have preliminarily established a N. seriolae - C. argus model. According to our morphological and phylogenetic analysis data, the isolated strain was identified as N. seriolae and named NSE01. Eighteen days post-infection of healthy juvenile C. argus with N. seriolae NSE01, the mortality rate in all four experimental groups (intraperitoneally injected with 1 × 105 CFU/mL - 1 × 108 CFU/mL of bacterial suspension) (n = 120) was 100%. The LD50 of N. seriolae NSE01 for juvenile C. argus was determined to be 1.13 × 106 CFU/fish. Infected juvenile C. argus had significant pathological changes, including visceral tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and the presence of numerous nodules of varying sizes in multiple tissues. Further histopathological examination revealed typical systemic granuloma formation. Additionally, following infection with N. seriolae NSE01, the gene expression of important cytokines, such as Toll-like receptor genes TLR2, TLR13, interleukin-1 receptor genes IL1R1, IL1R2, and interferon regulatory factor IRF2 were significantly upregulated in different tissues, indicating their potential involvement in the host immune response and regulation against N. seriolae. In conclusion, juvenile C. argus can serve as a suitable model for N. seriolae infection. The establishment of this animal model will facilitate the study of the pathogenesis of nocardiosis and the development of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, P.R. China; College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P.R. China.
| | - Ping Cai
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Li
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, P.R. China
| | - Xueming Dan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P.R. China
| | - Zhongsheng Li
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, P.R. China.
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Wen C, Chen D, Zhong R, Peng X. Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: category and evaluation indexes. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae021. [PMID: 38634007 PMCID: PMC11021814 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research often relies on animal models to study the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of IBD. Among these models, rats and mice are frequently employed due to their practicality and genetic manipulability. However, for studies aiming to closely mimic human pathology, non-human primates such as monkeys and dogs offer valuable physiological parallels. Guinea pigs, while less commonly used, present unique advantages for investigating the intricate interplay between neurological and immunological factors in IBD. Additionally, New Zealand rabbits excel in endoscopic biopsy techniques, providing insights into mucosal inflammation and healing processes. Pigs, with their physiological similarities to humans, serve as ideal models for exploring the complex relationships between nutrition, metabolism, and immunity in IBD. Beyond mammals, non-mammalian organisms including zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and nematodes offer specialized insights into specific aspects of IBD pathology, highlighting the diverse array of model systems available for advancing our understanding of this multifaceted disease. In this review, we conduct a thorough analysis of various animal models employed in IBD research, detailing their applications and essential experimental parameters. These include clinical observation, Disease Activity Index score, pathological assessment, intestinal barrier integrity, fibrosis, inflammatory markers, intestinal microbiome, and other critical parameters that are crucial for evaluating modeling success and drug efficacy in experimental mammalian studies. Overall, this review will serve as a valuable resource for researchers in the field of IBD, offering insights into the diverse array of animal models available and their respective applications in studying IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Dan Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School of Teaching, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Rao Zhong
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xi Peng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Dimitrov I, Stankova T, Angelova P, Boyadjiev N, Georgieva K, Dimov I, Bivolarska A, Draganova M, Gerginska F, Daskalova E, Gramatikov V, Delchev S. Diet-Induced Early Inflammatory Response of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Healthy Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1184. [PMID: 38674875 PMCID: PMC11053711 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prolonged consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) leads to abnormal growth of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT), increased macrophage infiltration, and altered secretion of biologically active molecules. This is considered as a precondition for the development of obesity, inflammation, and obesity-related disorders. Therefore, we studied HFD-induced changes in the tissue levels of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein, serum amyloid-A, and interleukin-4 in healthy male Wistar rats. The animals were first divided at random into two groups subjected to either a standard or a high-fat diet. The initial effect of the diet was evaluated after fourteen weeks. In order to study the diet duration effect, the standard diet was given to twelve animals from the HFD group, while the remaining continued with the HFD for an additional four weeks. Our results showed that the HFD barely affected body mass index, conicity, relative fat mass, and Lee indices, whereas it provoked adipocyte hypertrophy and gradually increased the levels of both the pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. The switch from the high-fat to the standard diet resulted in the comparatively fast restoration of the baseline levels of the studied molecules. Although, the prolonged consumption of an HFD causes adipocyte hypertrophy in healthy male animals, the inflammatory process in VAT is well-coordinated, time-dependent, and reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyan Dimitrov
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.S.); (I.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Teodora Stankova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.S.); (I.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Penka Angelova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria (K.G.)
| | - Nikolay Boyadjiev
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria (K.G.)
| | - Katerina Georgieva
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria (K.G.)
| | - Ivica Dimov
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.S.); (I.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Anelia Bivolarska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.S.); (I.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Milena Draganova
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Fanka Gerginska
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (F.G.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Elena Daskalova
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (F.G.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | | | - Slavi Delchev
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (F.G.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
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Proctor J, Stadler M, Cortes LM, Brodsky D, Poisson L, Gerdts V, Smirnov AI, Smirnova TI, Barua S, Leahy D, Beagley KW, Harris JM, Darville T, Käser T. A TriAdj-Adjuvanted Chlamydia trachomatis CPAF Protein Vaccine Is Highly Immunogenic in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:423. [PMID: 38675805 PMCID: PMC11054031 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections are the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). Despite effective antibiotics for Ct, undetected infections or delayed treatment can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancies, and chronic pelvic pain. Besides humans, chlamydia poses similar health challenges in animals such as C. suis (Cs) in pigs. Based on the similarities between humans and pigs, as well as their chlamydia species, we use pigs as a large biomedical animal model for chlamydia research. In this study, we used the pig model to develop a vaccine candidate against Ct. The vaccine candidate consists of TriAdj-adjuvanted chlamydial-protease-like activity factor (CPAF) protein. We tested two weekly administration options-twice intranasal (IN) followed by twice intramuscular (IM) and twice IM followed by twice IN. We assessed the humoral immune response in both serum using CPAF-specific IgG (including antibody avidity determination) and also in cervical and rectal swabs using CPAF-specific IgG and IgA ELISAs. The systemic T-cell response was analyzed following in vitro CPAF restimulation via IFN-γ and IL-17 ELISpots, as well as intracellular cytokine staining flow cytometry. Our data demonstrate that while the IN/IM vaccination mainly led to non-significant systemic immune responses, the vaccine candidate is highly immunogenic if administered IM/IN. This vaccination strategy induced high serum anti-CPAF IgG levels with strong avidity, as well as high IgA and IgG levels in vaginal and rectal swabs and in uterine horn flushes. In addition, this vaccination strategy prompted a pronounced cellular immune response. Besides inducing IL-17 production, the vaccine candidate induced a strong IFN-γ response with CD4 T cells. In IM/IN-vaccinated pigs, these cells also significantly downregulated their CCR7 expression, a sign of differentiation into peripheral-tissue-homing effector/memory cells. Conclusively, this study demonstrates the strong immunogenicity of the IM/IN-administered TriAdj-adjuvanted Ct CPAF vaccine candidate. Future studies will test the vaccine efficacy of this promising Ct vaccine candidate. In addition, this project demonstrates the suitability of the Cs pre-exposed outbred pig model for Ct vaccine development. Thereby, we aim to open the bottleneck of large animal models to facilitate the progression of Ct vaccine candidates into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Proctor
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Maria Stadler
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Center of Pathobiology, Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lizette M. Cortes
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - David Brodsky
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Lydia Poisson
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A3, Canada
| | - Alex I. Smirnov
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Tatyana I. Smirnova
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Subarna Barua
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Darren Leahy
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Kenneth W. Beagley
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Harris
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Tobias Käser
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Center of Pathobiology, Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Gil-Melgosa L, Llombart-Blanco R, Extramiana L, Lacave I, Abizanda G, Miranda E, Agirre X, Prósper F, Pineda-Lucena A, Pons-Villanueva J, Pérez-Ruiz A. HDACi vorinostat protects muscle from degeneration after acute rotator cuff injury in mice. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:169-183. [PMID: 38618868 PMCID: PMC11017234 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.134.bjr-2023-0292.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Rotator cuff (RC) injuries are characterized by tendon rupture, muscle atrophy, retraction, and fatty infiltration, which increase injury severity and jeopardize adequate tendon repair. Epigenetic drugs, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), possess the capacity to redefine the molecular signature of cells, and they may have the potential to inhibit the transformation of the fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) within the skeletal muscle into adipocyte-like cells, concurrently enhancing the myogenic potential of the satellite cells. Methods HDACis were added to FAPs and satellite cell cultures isolated from mice. The HDACi vorinostat was additionally administered into a RC injury animal model. Histological analysis was carried out on the isolated supra- and infraspinatus muscles to assess vorinostat anti-muscle degeneration potential. Results Vorinostat, a HDACi compound, blocked the adipogenic transformation of muscle-associated FAPs in culture, promoting myogenic progression of the satellite cells. Furthermore, it protected muscle from degeneration after acute RC in mice in the earlier muscle degenerative stage after tenotomy. Conclusion The HDACi vorinostat may be a candidate to prevent early muscular degeneration after RC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gil-Melgosa
- Orthopedic Surgery Department of Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CUN) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Llombart-Blanco
- Orthopedic Surgery Department of Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CUN) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leire Extramiana
- Technological Innovation Division, Foundation for Applied Medical Research (FIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV) and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Abizanda
- Technological Innovation Division, Foundation for Applied Medical Research (FIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV) and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Xabier Agirre
- Hemato-Oncology Program, FIMA-UNAV and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Hemato-Oncology Program, FIMA-UNAV and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Haematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Pons-Villanueva
- Orthopedic Surgery Department of Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CUN) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Ruiz
- Technological Innovation Division, Foundation for Applied Medical Research (FIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV) and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Tavitian A, Somech J, Chamlian B, Liberman A, Galindez C, Schipper HM. Craniofacial anomalies in schizophrenia-relevant GFAP.HMOX1 0-12m mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38606671 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Subtle craniofacial dysmorphology has been reported in schizophrenia patients. This dysmorphology includes midline facial elongation, frontonasal anomalies and a sexually dimorphic deviation from normal directional asymmetry of the face, with male patients showing reduced and female patients showing enhanced facial asymmetry relative to healthy control subjects. GFAP.HMOX10-12m transgenic mice (Mus musculus) that overexpress heme oxygenase-1 in astrocytes recapitulate many schizophrenia-relevant neurochemical, neuropathological and behavioral features. As morphogenesis of the brain, skull and face are highly interrelated, we hypothesized that GFAP.HMOX10-12m mice may exhibit craniofacial anomalies similar to those reported in persons with schizophrenia. We examined craniofacial anatomy in male GFAP.HMOX10-12m mice and wild-type control mice at the early adulthood age of 6-8 months. We used computer vision techniques for the extraction and analysis of mouse head shape parameters from systematically acquired 2D digital images, and confirmed our results with landmark-based geometric morphometrics. We performed skull bone morphometry using digital calipers to take linear distance measurements between known landmarks. Relative to controls, adult male GFAP.HMOX10-12m mice manifested craniofacial dysmorphology including elongation of the nasal bones, alteration of head shape anisotropy and reduction of directional asymmetry in facial shape features. These findings demonstrate that GFAP.HMOX10-12m mice exhibit craniofacial anomalies resembling those described in schizophrenia patients, implicating heme oxygenase-1 in their development. As a preclinical mouse model, GFAP.HMOX10-12m mice provide a novel opportunity for the study of the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial and other anomalies in schizophrenia and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayda Tavitian
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph Somech
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Badrouyk Chamlian
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adrienne Liberman
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carmela Galindez
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hyman M Schipper
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Williams TL, Nyimanu D, Kuc RE, Foster R, Glen RC, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. The biased apelin receptor agonist, MM07, reverses Sugen/hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension as effectively as the endothelin antagonist macitentan. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1369489. [PMID: 38655187 PMCID: PMC11035786 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1369489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by endothelial dysfunction and pathological vascular remodelling, resulting in the occlusion of pulmonary arteries and arterioles, right ventricular hypertrophy, and eventually fatal heart failure. Targeting the apelin receptor with the novel, G protein-biased peptide agonist, MM07, is hypothesised to reverse the developed symptoms of elevated right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. Here, the effects of MM07 were compared with the clinical standard-of-care endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised and treated with either normoxia/saline, or Sugen/hypoxia (SuHx) to induce an established model of PAH, before subsequent treatment with either saline, macitentan (30 mg/kg), or MM07 (10 mg/kg). Rats were then anaesthetised and catheterised for haemodynamic measurements, and tissues collected for histopathological assessment. Results: The SuHx/saline group presented with significant increases in right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular systolic pressure, and muscularization of pulmonary arteries compared to normoxic/saline controls. Critically, MM07 was as at least as effective as macitentan in significantly reversing detrimental structural and haemodynamic changes after 4 weeks of treatment. Discussion: These results support the development of G protein-biased apelin receptor agonists with improved pharmacokinetic profiles for use in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Williams
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Duuamene Nyimanu
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rhoda E. Kuc
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Foster
- School of Chemistry, Astbury Centre for Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C. Glen
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Biomolecular Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janet J. Maguire
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P. Davenport
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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LaCroix IS, Moore EE, Cralley A, Cendali FI, Dzieciatkowska M, Hom P, Mitra S, Cohen M, Silliman C, Hansen KC, D'Alessandro A. Multiomics Signatures of Coagulopathy in a Polytrauma Swine Model Contrasted with Severe Multisystem Injured Patients. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1163-1173. [PMID: 38386921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a leading contributor to preventable mortality in severely injured patients. Understanding the molecular drivers of TIC is an essential step in identifying novel therapeutics to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study investigated multiomics and viscoelastic responses to polytrauma using our novel swine model and compared these findings with severely injured patients. Molecular signatures of TIC were significantly associated with perturbed coagulation and inflammation systems as well as extensive hemolysis. These results were consistent with patterns observed in trauma patients who had multisystem injuries. Here, intervention using resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta following polytrauma in our swine model revealed distinct multiomics alterations as a function of placement location. Aortic balloon placement in zone-1 worsened ischemic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, patterns that continued throughout the monitored time course. While placement in zone-III showed a beneficial effect on TIC, it showed an improvement in effective coagulation. Taken together, this study highlights the translational relevance of our polytrauma swine model for investigating therapeutic interventions to correct TIC in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S LaCroix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Alexis Cralley
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Francesca I Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Patrick Hom
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Sanchayita Mitra
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Mitchell Cohen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Christopher Silliman
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado 80230, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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Hayabuchi H, Tokifuji Y, Takahashi H, Amagai M, Yoshimura A, Chikuma S. Disruption of Post-thymic tolerance in Skin-Reactive TCR Transgenic Mice through the Interaction of Lymphopenia and Intestinal Microbiota. Int Immunol 2024:dxae018. [PMID: 38576231 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases often arise from conditions where the immune system is compromised. While lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP) is crucial for immune system development and maturation, it is also caused by environmental insult, such as infection and becomes a risk factor for autoimmunity in adults. We used Dsg3H1 TCR Transgenic mice, whose T cells are designed to recognize desmogrein-3, a skin antigen, to explore the impact of lymphopenia on post-thymic tolerance. Dsg3H1 mice are known to delete the most highly autoreactive T cells in thymus, and develop only subtle immune-mediated pathology in a steady state. However, we found that a transient lymphopenia by total body irradiation or cyclophosphamide, results in massive dermatitis in Dsg3H1 mice. The symptoms included expansion and development of self-reactive T cells, their differentiation into CD44 high IL-17 producing helper T cells, and severe neutrophilic inflammation. Repopulation of FOXP3+ T regulatory cells after lymphopenia normally occurred, suggesting escape of skin-reactive conventional T cells from control by regulatory T cell. Furthermore, we found that a depletion of the intestinal microbiota by antibiotics prevents the cyclophosphamide induced dermatitis, indicating roles of commensal intestinal microbiota in LIP and Th17 development in vivo. The current data suggested that post thymic tolerance of Dsg3H1 mice is established on a fragile balance in lymphoreplete immune environment and broken by interplay between lymphopenia and intestinal microbiota. The dynamic phenotypes observed in Dsg3H1 mice prompts a reevaluation of opportunistic lymphopenia together with microbiota as pivotal environmental factors, impacting individuals with genetic predispositions of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodaka Hayabuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, East Lecture Hall 4F, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
| | - Yukiko Tokifuji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, East Lecture Hall 4F, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, East Lecture Hall 4F, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
| | - Shunsuke Chikuma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, East Lecture Hall 4F, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 JAPAN
- Institute of Biotechnology at the College of Life Sciences and Medicines, National Tsing-Hua University, 101-2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044 TAIWAN
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Ichimura-Shimizu M, Kurrey K, Miyata M, Dezawa T, Tsuneyama K, Kojima M. Emerging Insights into the Role of BDNF on Health and Disease in Periphery. Biomolecules 2024; 14:444. [PMID: 38672461 PMCID: PMC11048455 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a growth factor that promotes the survival and growth of developing neurons. It also enhances circuit formation to synaptic transmission for mature neurons in the brain. However, reduced BDNF expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are reported to be associated with functional deficit and disease development in the brain, suggesting that BDNF is a crucial molecule for brain health. Interestingly, BDNF is also expressed in the hypothalamus in appetite and energy metabolism. Previous reports demonstrated that BDNF knockout mice exhibited overeating and obesity phenotypes remarkably. Therefore, we could raise a hypothesis that the loss of function of BDNF may be associated with metabolic syndrome and peripheral diseases. In this review, we describe our recent finding that BDNF knockout mice develop metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and recent reports demonstrating the role of one of the BDNF receptors, TrkB-T1, in some peripheral organ functions and diseases, and would provide an insight into the role of BDNF beyond the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Ichimura-Shimizu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.I.-S.); (K.T.)
| | - Khuleshwari Kurrey
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Misaki Miyata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Bioscience and Chemistry, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 3-1 Yatsukaho, Hakusan 924-0838, Japan; (M.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Takuya Dezawa
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Bioscience and Chemistry, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 3-1 Yatsukaho, Hakusan 924-0838, Japan; (M.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.I.-S.); (K.T.)
| | - Masami Kojima
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Bioscience and Chemistry, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 3-1 Yatsukaho, Hakusan 924-0838, Japan; (M.M.); (T.D.)
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Arellano G, Loda E, Chen Y, Neef T, Cogswell AC, Primer G, Joy G, Kaschke K, Wills S, Podojil JR, Popko B, Balabanov R, Miller SD. Interferon-γ controls aquaporin 4-specific Th17 and B cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Brain 2024; 147:1344-1361. [PMID: 37931066 PMCID: PMC10994540 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a CNS autoimmune inflammatory disease mediated by T helper 17 (Th17) and antibody responses to the water channel protein, aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and associated with astrocytopathy, demyelination and axonal loss. Knowledge about disease pathogenesis is limited and the search for new therapies impeded by the absence of a reliable animal model. In our work, we determined that NMOSD is characterized by decreased IFN-γ receptor signalling and that IFN-γ depletion in AQP4201-220-immunized C57BL/6 mice results in severe clinical disease resembling human NMOSD. Pathologically, the disease causes autoimmune astrocytic and CNS injury secondary to cellular and humoral inflammation. Immunologically, the absence of IFN-γ allows for increased expression of IL-6 in B cells and activation of Th17 cells, and generation of a robust autoimmune inflammatory response. Consistent with NMOSD, the experimental disease is exacerbated by administration of IFN-β, whereas repletion of IFN-γ, as well as therapeutic targeting of IL-17A, IL-6R and B cells, ameliorates it. We also demonstrate that immune tolerization with AQP4201-220-coupled poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles could both prevent and effectively treat the disease. Our findings enhance the understanding of NMOSD pathogenesis and provide a platform for the development of immune tolerance-based therapies, avoiding the limitations of the current immunosuppressive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Arellano
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eileah Loda
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
| | - Tobias Neef
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew C Cogswell
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Grant Primer
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Godwin Joy
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
| | - Kevin Kaschke
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
| | - Samantha Wills
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
| | - Joseph R Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- COUR Pharmaceutical Development Company, Inc., Northbrook, IL 60077, USA
| | - Brian Popko
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Roumen Balabanov
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Subramanian A, Bhogoju S, Snaith O, Miller AD, Newell H, Wang D, Siegal G, Oborny K, Baumann-Berg J, Viljoen H. Continuous Low-Intensity Ultrasound Improves Cartilage Repair in Rabbit Model of Subchondral Injury. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:357-366. [PMID: 38318848 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Subchondral drilling (SD), a bone marrow stimulation technique, is used to repair cartilage lesions that lack regenerative potential. Cartilage repair outcomes upon SD are typically fibrocartilaginous in nature with inferior functionality. The lack of cues to foster the chondrogenic differentiation of egressed mesenchymal stromal cells upon SD can be attributed for the poor outcomes. Continuous low-intensity ultrasound (cLIUS) at 3.8 MHz is proposed as a treatment modality for improving cartilage repair outcomes upon marrow stimulation. Bilateral defects were created by SD on the femoral medial condyle of female New Zealand white rabbits (n = 12), and the left joint received cLIUS treatment (3.8 MHz, 3.5 Vpp, 8 min/application/day) and the contralateral right joint served as the control. On day 7 postsurgery, synovial fluid was aspirated, and the cytokine levels were assessed by Quantibody™ assay. Rabbits were euthanized at 8 weeks and outcomes were assessed macroscopically and histologically. Defect areas in the right joints exhibited boundaries, incomplete fill, irregular cartilage surfaces, loss of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and absence of chondrocytes. In contrast, the repaired defect area in the joints that received cLIUS showed complete fill, positive staining for GAG with rounded chondrocyte morphology, COL2A1 staining, and columnar organization. Synovial fluid collected from cLIUS-treated left knee joints had lower levels of IL1, TNFα, and IFNγ when compared to untreated right knee joints, alluding to the potential of cLIUS to mitigate early inflammation. Further at 8 weeks, left knee joints (n = 12) consistently scored higher on the O'Driscoll scale, with a higher percent hyaline cartilage score. No adverse impact on bone or change in the joint space was noted. Upon a single exposure of cLIUS to TNFα-treated cells, nuclear localization of pNFκB and SOX9 was visualized by double immunofluorescence and the expression of markers associated with the NFκB pathway was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. cLIUS extends its chondroprotective effects by titrating pNFκB levels, preventing its nuclear translocation, while maintaining the expression of SOX9, the collagen II transcription factor. Our combined results demonstrate that healing of chondral defects treated with marrow stimulation by SD can be accelerated by employing cLIUS regimen that possesses chondroinductive and chondroprotective properties. Impact statement Repair of cartilage represents an unsolved biomedical burden. In vitro, continuous low-intensity ultrasound (cLIUS) has been demonstrated to possess chondroinductive and chondroprotective potential. To our best knowledge, the use of cLIUS to improve cartilage repair outcomes upon marrow stimulation, in vivo, has not been reported and our work reported here fills that gap. Our results demonstrated enhanced cartilage repair outcomes under cLIUS (3.8 MHz) in a rabbit model of subchondral injury by subchondral drilling. Enhanced repair stemmed from mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in vivo and the subsequent synthesis of articular cartilage-specific matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Subramanian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Sarayu Bhogoju
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Oraine Snaith
- Life Sciences Annex, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - April D Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Heather Newell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Denzhi Wang
- Life Sciences Annex, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Gene Siegal
- Life Sciences Annex, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Katelin Oborny
- Life Sciences Annex, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jesse Baumann-Berg
- Life Sciences Annex, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Hendrik Viljoen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Cvancara DJ, de Leon JA, Baertsch HC, Jaleel Z, Kinney G, Martinez V, Bhatt NK. Neurophysiology of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve in an In Vivo Rat Model. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1778-1784. [PMID: 37787452 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) is fundamental in laryngeal sensation, cough reflex, and pitch control. SLN injury has substantial consequences including altered sensation, aspiration, and dysphonia. To date, in vivo measurement of the SLN remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of recording motor and sensory evoked potentials in a rat SLN model. METHODS Twenty-two rat hemi-laryngeal preparations (n = 11) were obtained from 4-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats and included in this study. Compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) were calculated by stimulating the SLN at the point of medial extension near the carotid artery and by placing a recording electrode on the cricothyroid muscle. Sensory response was determined through stimulation of the SLN and laryngoscopic visualization of a laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR). SLN and cricothyroid muscle cross-sections were stained and histologic morphometrics were quantified. RESULTS Laryngeal evoked potentials were successfully obtained in all trials. Mean CMAP latency and negative durations were 0.99 ± 0.57 ms and 1.49 ± 0.57 ms, respectively. The median MUNE was 2.06 (IQR 1.88, 3.51). LAR was induced with a mean intensity of 0.69 ± 0.20 mV. Mean axon count, myelin thickness, and g-ratio were 681 ± 192.2, 1.72 ± 0.26, and 0.45 ± 0.04, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of recording evoked response potentials following SLN stimulation. We hypothesize that this work will provide a tractable animal model to study changes in laryngeal sensation and cricothyroid motor function with aging, neurodegenerative disease, aspiration, or nerve injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:1778-1784, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Cvancara
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Julio A de Leon
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Hans C Baertsch
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Zaroug Jaleel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Greg Kinney
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Vicente Martinez
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Neel K Bhatt
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
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Negasi ZH, Nommi N, Liu C, Tesfaigzi Y. Persistence of emphysema following cessation of cigarette smoke exposure requires a susceptibility factor. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L431-L439. [PMID: 38349118 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00342.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure but can often be progressive even in former smokers. Exposure of mice to CS for 22 wk causes emphysema, but whether emphysema persists after cessation of CS exposure is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether emphysema persists in mice following a recovery period of 22 wk and whether a susceptibility factor, such as deficiency in the Bcl-2-interacting killer (Bik), is required for this persistence. Therefore, bik+/+ and bik-/- mice at 6-10 wk of age were exposed to 250 mg/m3 total particulate matter of CS or filtered air (FA) for 3 or 22 wk and were kept in FA for an additional 22 wk. Lungs were lavaged to quantify inflammatory cells, and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess severity of emphysema. Exposure to CS for 3 wk increased the number of inflammatory cells in bik-/- mice compared with bik+/+ mice but not at 22 wk of exposure. At 22 wk of CS exposure, extent of emphysema was similar in bik+/+ and bik-/- mice. However, when mice were exposed to CS over the first 22 wk and were kept in FA for an additional 22 wk, emphysema remained similar in bik+/+ mice but was enhanced in bik-/- mice. These findings link increased inflammation with persistent emphysematous changes even after smoking cessation and demonstrate that a preexisting susceptibility condition is required to sustain enhanced emphysema that was initiated by long-term CS exposure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exposure of mice to cigarette smoke (CS) for 22 wk causes emphysema, but whether emphysema persists after an additional period of 6 mo after cessation of CS exposure has not been reported. In addition, the role of preexisting susceptibility in enhancing the persistence of CS-induced emphysema after exposure to CS has stopped has not been shown. The present study shows that a preexisting susceptibility must be present to enhance CS-induced emphysema after cessation of CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerihun Hailemariam Negasi
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Naomi Nommi
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Congjian Liu
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
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Ortiz-Sánchez BJ, Juárez-Avelar I, Andrade-Meza A, Mendoza-Rodríguez MG, Chirino YI, Monroy-Pérez E, Paniagua-Contreras GL, Rodriguez-Sosa M. Periodontitis exacerbation during pregnancy in mice: Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor as a key inductor. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:267-279. [PMID: 37990413 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the exacerbation of pregestational periodontal disease (PGPD). BACKGROUND Periodontitis (PT) is a severe stage of periodontal disease characterized by inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth, which usually worsens during pregnancy. MIF is a proinflammatory cytokine that is significantly elevated in periodontitis, both at the beginning and at the end of pregnancy. Although periodontitis usually presents with greater severity during pregnancy, the participation of MIF in the evolution of periodontitis has not been established. METHODS To analyze the relevance of MIF in the exacerbation of PGPD, we employed a model of PGPD in WT and Mif-/- mice, both with a BALB/c genetic background. PT was induced with nylon suture ligatures placed supramarginally around the second upper right molar. For PGPD, PT was induced 2 weeks before mating. We evaluated histological changes and performed histometric analysis of the clinical attachment loss, relative expression of MMP-2 and MMP-13 by immunofluorescence, and relative expression of the cytokines mif, tnf-α, ifn-γ, and il-17 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Our data revealed that periodontal tissue from PGPD WT mice produced a twofold increase in MIF compared with PT WT mice. Moreover, the evolution of periodontitis in Mif-/- mice was less severe than in PGDP WT mice. Periodontal tissue from Mif-/- mice with PGPD produced 80% less TNF-α and no IFN-γ, as well as 50% lower expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and 25% less MMP-13 compared to WT PGDP mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that MIF plays an important role in the exacerbation of periodontitis during pregnancy and that MIF is partially responsible for the inflammation associated with the severity of periodontitis during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsaida J Ortiz-Sánchez
- Carrera de Cirujano Dentista, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Imelda Juárez-Avelar
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata. Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Antonio Andrade-Meza
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata. Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mónica Gabriela Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología. Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología. Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Eric Monroy-Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | | | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
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