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Leone CCLD, Bueno GC, Boteon AP, Martins DDS, Cruvinel T, Honório HM, Wang L, Braga MM, Rios D. Practical training using BEWE aimed at improving the diagnosis ability of erosive tooth wear for dental students-A randomized trial. Eur J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38706419 DOI: 10.1111/eje.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erosive tooth wear (ETW) has been gaining attention due to its high prevalence. However, ETW clinical diagnosis is difficult and may go unnoticed by many professionals. The present study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a theoretical-practical training using active methodologies in the development of undergraduate students' skills for the diagnosis of ETW compared to the traditional teaching method. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized controlled study involved two parallel groups: control group (n = 22), with learning based only on theoretical content and test group (n = 24), learning by theoretical-practical activity mediated by monitors/tutors. The theoretical class covered the current concepts of ETW, aetiology, diagnosis, use of the BEWE index, prevention and treatment. The practical training included exercises and discussions based on the diagnosis using BEWE scores of a collection of images and extracted teeth. To evaluate the efficacy of the teaching-learning methods, a theoretical multiple-choice questionnaire and a practical test using images and extracted teeth were applied. The outcome was the number of correct answers. Groups were compared by Mann-Whitney (theoretical knowledge) and T tests (practical ability in diagnosis) (p < .05). RESULTS There was no significant difference between groups in the theoretical evaluation (p = .866). The test group showed higher ability to diagnose ETW lesions compared to the control group in the practical tests (p = .001). The performance of ETW diagnosis was similar when images were used in comparison to extracted teeth (p = .570). CONCLUSION The practical activity associated with theoretical classes can be a promising strategy to improve the development of undergraduate students' skills in the diagnosis of ETW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Cristina Lira Di Leone
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Carvalho Bueno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Boteon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daiana da Silva Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cruvinel
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Linda Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Minatel Braga
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kitasako Y, Momma E, Tanabe T, Koeda M, Hoshikawa Y, Hoshino S, Kawami N, Ikeda M, Iwakiri K. Factors associated with prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear in patients with reflux oesophagitis. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38651199 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrinsic factors for erosive tooth wear (ETW) have been widely reported, but the intrinsic factors for wear remain unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of ETW in patients with reflux oesophagitis (RO). To prevent severe ETW with RO, factors associated with severity of ETW were also evaluated. METHODS A total of 270 patients with RO were recruited. A modified tooth wear index was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ETW. Salivary secretion and buffering capacity were assessed prior to endoscopy. Subjects were asked to complete a medical condition and oral self-care questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify factors collectively associated with the prevalence and severity of ETW. RESULTS A total of 212 cases were categorized as patients with ETW (148 with mild ETW and 64 with severe ETW). Multivariate analyses indicated that saliva secretion, severity of RO and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. The odds ratio of saliva secretion and BMI were less than 1, meaning that higher saliva secretion resulted in a lower prevalence of ETW and lower BMI was associated with severe ETW. CONCLUSION Saliva secretion, severity of RO and PPI resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. Lower saliva secretion and BMI were significant factors for ETW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitasako
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Dental Clinic, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Momma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Koeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Hoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kawami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kim SE. Dental erosion following clopidogrel administration in a dog: A case-based study. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e31384. [PMID: 38376062 PMCID: PMC10877998 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old neutered male Chihuahua presented with unilateral dental erosion that occurred after several months of oral medications mixed with honey. A pH test was performed on all oral medications administered to the dogs to determine the cause of enamel erosion. Among the medications, the only acidic medication was clopidogrel (pH 2.65). To evaluate the effect of clopidogrel on the tooth surface under the same conditions as in the present patient, an additional preliminary study was designed in which two extracted teeth of another dog were immersed in a clopidogrel-honey mixture or only in honey. After a 3-week soaking of the extracted tooth in the clopidogrel-honey mixture, field-emission scanning electron microscope analysis revealed a rougher surface, whereas energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis showed a reduced Ca/C ratio compared to the control tooth. In this case, prolonged exposure of the tooth surface to clopidogrel may be a cause of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Eun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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Kitasako Y, Tanabe T, Koeda M, Momma E, Hoshikawa Y, Hoshino S, Kawami N, Ikeda M, Iwakiri K. Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (both reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease): Prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear and saliva properties. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:305-312. [PMID: 37727994 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence between erosive tooth wear (ETW) in association with reflux oesophagitis (RO) has been reported. However, the severity of both diseases and the relationship between ETW and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is unclear. OBJECTIVES The prevalence and severity of ETW were investigated in RO, NERD and healthy controls. METHODS 135 patients with RO, 65 with NERD and 40 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. A modified tooth wear index was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ETW. Salivary secretion and buffer capacity were assessed prior to endoscopy. The prevalence and severity of ETW, saliva properties among each group were analysed using Pearson's chi-squared test. RESULTS A total of 135 cases (56.3%) were categorised as the patient with ETW (55 with mild RO, 49 with severe RO and 31 with NERD). There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of RO and ETW, while there was no significant correlation between the prevalence of NERD and ETW. There was a significant difference related to the severity between RO and ETW. For salivary secretion, there was a significant difference between with and without ETW in patients with mild RO, severe RO and NERD. There was a significant difference between with and without ETW for salivary buffer capacity in patients with mild and severe RO. CONCLUSION There was a significant association of the prevalence and severity between RO and ETW. Clinical signs such as ETW and salivary buffer capacity depended on the severity of RO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitasako
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Dental Clinic, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Koeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Momma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Hoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kawami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Holland L, Kanzow AF, Wiegand A, Kanzow P. Quality of Patient-Centered eHealth Information on Erosive Tooth Wear: Systematic Search and Evaluation of Websites and YouTube Videos. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e49514. [PMID: 38167299 PMCID: PMC10867746 DOI: 10.2196/49514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the declining prevalence of dental caries, noncarious tooth defects such as erosive tooth wear have gained increased attention over the past decades. While patients more frequently search the internet for health-related information, the quality of patient-centered, web-based health information on erosive tooth wear is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the quality of patient-centered, web-based health information (websites and YouTube videos) on erosive tooth wear. METHODS German-language websites were systematically identified through 3 electronic search engines (google.de, bing.de or yahoo.de, and duckduckgo.com) in September 2021. Eligible websites were independently assessed for (1) technical and functional aspects via the LIDA instrument, (2) readability via the Flesch reading-ease score, (3) comprehensiveness of information via a structured checklist, and (4) generic quality and risk of bias via the DISCERN instrument by 2 different reviewers. An overall quality score (ie, higher scores being favored) generated from all 4 domains was used as the primary outcome. Quality scores from each domain were separately analyzed as secondary outcomes and compared by the Friedman test. The effect of practice-specific variables on quality scores of websites from private dental offices was assessed using generalized linear modeling. Eligible YouTube videos were judged based on (1) the comprehensiveness of information, (2) viewers' interaction, and (3) viewing rate. The comprehensiveness of information was compared between websites and YouTube videos using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. RESULTS Overall, 231 eligible websites and 7 YouTube videos were identified and assessed. The median overall quality of the websites was 33.6% (IQR 29.8%-39.2%). Secondary outcome scores amounted to 64.3% (IQR 59.8%-69.0%) for technical and functional aspects, 40.0% (IQR 34.0%-49.0%) for readability, 11.5% (IQR 3.9%-26.9%) for comprehensiveness of information, and 16.7% (IQR 8.3%-23.3%) for generic quality. While the comprehensiveness of information and generic quality received low scores, technical and functional aspects as well as readability resulted in higher scores (both Padjusted<.001). Regarding practice-specific variables, websites from private dental offices outside Germany (P=.04; B=-6.64, 95% CI -12.85 to -0.42) or from dentists who are a dental society member (P=.049; B=-3.55, 95% CI -7.09 to -0.01) resulted in lower readability scores (ie, were more difficult to read), while a shorter time since dentists' examination resulted in higher readability scores (P=.01; B=0.24 per year, 95% CI 0.05-0.43). The comprehensiveness of information from YouTube videos was 34.6% (IQR 13.5%-38.5%). However, the comprehensiveness of information did not vary between websites and YouTube videos (P=.09). Additionally, viewers' interaction (1.7%, IQR 0.7%-3.4%) and viewing rates (101%, IQR 54.6%-112.6%) were low. CONCLUSIONS The quality of German-language, patient-centered, web-based information on erosive tooth wear was limited. Especially, the comprehensiveness and trustworthiness of the available information were insufficient. Web-based information on erosive tooth wear requires improvement to inform patients comprehensively and reliably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Holland
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kanzow
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Silva CAM, de Sousa FB, Martinez-Mier EA, Vieira BR, do Nascimento JM, Hara AT. Fluorotic Enamel Susceptibility to Dental Erosion and Fluoride Treatment. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:75-81. [PMID: 38133094 PMCID: PMC10742357 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to test the hypothesis that fluoride treatment can prevent dental erosion on fluorotic enamel of different severities. It followed a 3×2 factorial design, considering a) fluorosis severity: sound (TF0, Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index), mild (TF1-2), moderate (TF3-4); and b) fluoride treatment: 0 (negative control) and 1150ppmF. Human molars with the three fluorosis severities (n=16, each) were selected and randomly assigned to the two fluoride treatments (n=8). Enamel blocks (4×4mm) were prepared from each tooth and subjected to a dental erosion cycling model, for 10 days. The daily cycling protocol consisted of erosive challenges (1% citric acid, pH 2.4), interspersed by periods of immersion in artificial saliva, and three 2-minute treatments with either 0 or 1150ppm F. The enamel volume loss (mm3) was calculated by subtracting values obtained by microtomography before and after cycling. Two-Way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between fluorosis severity and fluoride treatment (p=0.691), and no significant effect for either fluorosis severity (TF0 mean±standard-deviation: 13.5(10-2±0.42(10-2, TF1-2: 1.50(10-2±0.52(10-2, TF3-4: 1.24(10-2±0.52(10-2, p=0.416) or treatment (0ppmF: 1.49(10-2±0.53(10-2; 1150ppmF: 1.21(10-2±0.42(10-2; p=0.093), when evaluated independently. Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, the presence and severity of fluorosis in enamel do not appear to affect its susceptibility to dental erosion. Fluoride treatment was not effective in preventing the development of dental erosion in both sound and fluorotic enamel substrates under our experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederico Barbosa de Sousa
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Esperanza Angeles Martinez-Mier
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Anderson Takeo Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Barac R, Gašić J, Popović J, Nikolić M, Sunarić S, Petković D, Mitić A, Stošić N, Burić N. In vitro effect of beer, red and white wine on the morphology and surface roughness of human enamel. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2023; 32:1241-1248. [PMID: 37077143 DOI: 10.17219/acem/161856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beer, red and white wine are acidic drinks whose frequent consumption can increase the risk of dental erosion. OBJECTIVES To establish the effect of beer, red and white wine on the morphology and surface roughness (SR) of human enamel using different exposure times in a cyclic deand remineralization model in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS The experiment included 33 surgically extracted impacted human third molars from patients aged 18-25 years. Enamel samples obtained by cutting crowns (n = 132) were submitted to alternate cycles of demineralization in (1) beer, (2) red wine, (3) white wine, (PC) positive control (orange juice), and remineralization in artificial saliva, which also represented a medium for negative control (NC). The experiment included cycles with different exposure times in alcoholic beverages and orange juice of 15, 30 and 60 min. Thus, 12 groups were formed (for each drink and each exposure time) containing 10 samples each, while the NC group consisted of 12 samples. Experiments were repeated 3x/day for 10 days. Enamel surface alterations were determined by stylus profilometry (average surface roughness (Ra)) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Shapiro-Wilk test, independent samples Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple comparisons (all pairwise) were performed. RESULTS With increasing exposure time, there was a positive correlation with Ra for white wineand orange juice-immersed samples (60 min compared to 15 min), which was also observed using SEM. There was no significant difference in the Ra between the other experimental samples for the same exposure time. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms a certain erosive potential of beer, red and white wine, and a significant relationship with pH, titratable acidity (TA) and SR, but not with the exposure time for all tested alcoholic beverages. Moreover, differences among the ultrastructural patterns caused by alcoholic beverages over the enamel surface were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Barac
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Gašić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Jelena Popović
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Marija Nikolić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Slavica Sunarić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Dušan Petković
- Department of Production and Information Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mitić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Nenad Stošić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Nina Burić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
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Eto HC, Miranda F, Rios D, Honório HM, Janson G, Massaro C, Garib D. Erosive Tooth Wear in Subjects with Normal Occlusion: A Pioneering Longitudinal Study up to the Age of 60. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6318. [PMID: 37834962 PMCID: PMC10573230 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the erosive tooth wear (ETW) at early and mature adulthood in subjects with natural normal occlusion. The sample consisted of 23 untreated subjects with normal occlusion. Dental models were taken longitudinally from the same subjects at 13 (T0), 17 (T1) and 60.9 years of age (T2) at a university. Evaluation of ETW was performed using a modified Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. Interphase changes were evaluated using Friedman and Dunn's test. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the influence of sex, dental arch, tooth and dental surfaces on the erosive tooth wear. Linear regression was used to evaluate whether the ETW degree at T1 could discriminate the degree of ETW at T2. The significance level adopted was 5%. ETW showed a significant increase with aging. The median ETW index at T0, T1 and T2 was 2, 4 and 7, respectively. ETW was greater in males in the incisors and canines and on the incisal/occlusal and lingual tooth surfaces. No significant differences were found between the maxillary and mandibular arches. Subjects with severe ETW at mature adulthood had greater tooth wear at age 17. In conclusion, ETW significantly increased during aging in subjects with normal occlusion. The greater the degree of tooth wear at early adulthood, the greater the tooth wear at mature adulthood. Preventive care should be recommended during early adulthood in patients demonstrating erosive tooth wear in order to avoid worsening with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Campos Eto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Felicia Miranda
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Janson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Massaro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-900, SP, Brazil
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Nijakowski K, Jankowski J, Gruszczyński D, Surdacka A. Eating Disorders and Dental Erosion: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6161. [PMID: 37834805 PMCID: PMC10573129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Both eating disorders and dental erosion are increasingly affecting adolescents and young adults. Thus, our systematic review was designed to answer the question: "Is there a relationship between dental erosion and eating disorders?" Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 studies were included in this systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on the meta-analysis, 54.4% of patients with bulimia nervosa and 26.7% with anorexia nervosa experienced tooth erosion. For the whole group of 1699 patients with eating disorders, erosive lesions were observed in 42.1% of patients. Bulimics were more than 10 times more likely to experience dental erosion compared to healthy individuals (OR = 10.383 [95%CI: 4.882-22.086]). Similarly, more than 16 times increased odds of tooth erosion were found in patients with self-induced vomiting (OR = 16.176 [95%CI: 1.438-181.918]). In conclusion, eating disorders are associated with an increased risk of developing erosive lesions, especially in patients with bulimia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.); (D.G.)
| | - Dawid Gruszczyński
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.); (D.G.)
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
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Mengoa MGR, Rangel BT, Garcia AAMN, Sugio CYC, Gomes ACG, Sugio CTC, Orikasa GT, Neppelenbroek KH. The challenge of dietary management in soft drink consumption and its oral and systemic repercussions. Nutr Health 2023; 29:395-402. [PMID: 36349359 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221136356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:Soft drinks are drinks high in sugar and acidity, but low in nutritional benefits. Despite its great popularity, its consumption is alerted due to the numerous systemic harm caused. Aim:This work aims to provide information and critically review the literature on the risk of soft drink consumption in an integrative view with nutritional, dental, and medical aspects. Methods:A search was carried out based on the identification of the theme, determination of inclusion and exclusion criteria, selection of databases for research and, finally, the reading, interpretation, and discussion of the selected sources. A search was conducted using the keywords: "soft drinks" AND "obesity" OR "dental erosion" OR "diabetes" OR "hypertension" OR "mental health" OR "multimorbidities" in databases PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS between 2017 and 2022. Results:Seventy-six studies were included in the article after the qualitative synthesis. Conclusion:We conclude that the high consumption of soft drinks is associated with oral and general diseases. Therefore, a multi-professional approach to guide patients to moderate the consumption of these beverages is extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela Robles Mengoa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Bianca Tavares Rangel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Yoshi Campos Sugio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Anna Clara Gurgel Gomes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Al Razaiki K, Al Khaldi K, Al Harthy N, Al Wahaibi A, Qutieshat A. Evaluating the Role of Inorganic Elements of Camelus Dromedarius Saliva in Protecting Enamel Against Tooth Surface Loss. J Vet Dent 2023:8987564231177575. [PMID: 37264601 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231177575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide insight into the role of camel's saliva in protecting enamel against erosion and to evaluate the levels of salivary sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate ions among 2 groups of camels, those with low-grade tooth surface loss and those with high-grade tooth surface loss. Twenty-eight healthy camels, 5 males and 23 females, aged 20 months to 10 years, were divided into 2 groups. Group I comprise camels with "low-grade tooth surface loss" and Group 2 with "high-grade tooth surface loss." Unstimulated saliva was collected by a draining method. The samples were then analyzed for sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate concentrations using automated chemistry analysis. Data were then statistically analyzed using the unpaired Student's t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test. The study found the salivary calcium and phosphate concentrations were significantly lower in the "high-grade" erosion group, in comparison with the other group (P < .0001 and P = .0257, respectively). The results also revealed that the more extensive the tooth surface loss, the more carious lesions the subject had (P = .023), and that caries are more common in the anterior teeth, particularly the incisors. The authors conclude that alterations in inorganic elements of saliva, particularly the calcium and phosphate ions, play a major role in the development of resistance to tooth surface loss. This work may represent a direction for future research to develop custom-made preventive supplements, which can protect camelid teeth against tooth surface loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al Razaiki
- Veterinary Department, Royal Oman Police, Mounted Police Headquarters, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Khalid Al Khaldi
- Veterinary Department, Royal Oman Police, Mounted Police Headquarters, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nutayla Al Harthy
- Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ayida Al Wahaibi
- Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abubaker Qutieshat
- Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Dundee Dental Hospital and School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
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de Souza EP, Ferro M, Pelá VT, Fernanda-Carlos T, Borges CGG, Taira EA, Ventura TMO, Arencibia AD, Buzalaf MAR, Henrique-Silva F. Maquiberry Cystatins: Recombinant Expression, Characterization, and Use to Protect Tooth Dentin and Enamel. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051360. [PMID: 37239031 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytocystatins are proteinaceous competitive inhibitors of cysteine peptidases involved in physiological and defensive roles in plants. Their application as potential therapeutics for human disorders has been suggested, and the hunt for novel cystatin variants in different plants, such as maqui (Aristotelia chilensis), is pertinent. Being an understudied species, the biotechnological potential of maqui proteins is little understood. In the present study, we constructed a transcriptome of maqui plantlets using next-generation sequencing, in which we found six cystatin sequences. Five of them were cloned and recombinantly expressed. Inhibition assays were performed against papain and human cathepsins B and L. Maquicystatins can inhibit the proteases in nanomolar order, except MaquiCPIs 4 and 5, which inhibit cathepsin B in micromolar order. This suggests maquicystatins' potential use for treating human diseases. In addition, since we previously demonstrated the efficacy of a sugarcane-derived cystatin to protect dental enamel, we tested the ability of MaquiCPI-3 to protect both dentin and enamel. Both were protected by this protein (by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparisons Test, p < 0.05), suggesting its potential usage in dental products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pereira de Souza
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Milene Ferro
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Taioqui Pelá
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda-Carlos
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Even Akemi Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Ariel Domingo Arencibia
- Center of Biotechnology in Natural Resources, Faculty of Agrarian and Forestry Sciences, Catholic University of Maule (UCM), Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
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13
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Shang M, Wei Y, Yu M, Zhang J, Cui P. Dental erosion caused by glucocorticoid therapy in a patient with optic neuritis: a case report. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 41:243-246. [PMID: 37056193 PMCID: PMC10427255 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2022373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Dental erosion is characterized by progressively destroyed teeth, which has no relation to bacteria but to chemicals. Some internal factors, such as gastroesophageal reflux induced by bulimia, anorexia, gastrointestinal diseases, or drugs, and external factors, such as diet, drugs, and occupational acid exposure, are considered promotive factors for this disease. This article presents a patient suffering from severe dental erosion in the whole dentition, especially in the maxillary teeth, due to gastroesophageal reflux induced by glucocorticoid therapy for optic neuritis. This article discusses the mechanism between optic neuritis glucocorticoid therapy and dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Shang
- Dept. of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuqi Wei
- Dept. of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Meijiao Yu
- Dept. of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Dept. of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Pingping Cui
- Dept. of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
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R Carrilho M, Bretz W. Red Marine Algae Lithothamnion calcareum Supports Dental Enamel Mineralization. Mar Drugs 2023; 21. [PMID: 36827150 DOI: 10.3390/md21020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current management of oral conditions such as dental caries and erosion mostly relies on fluoride-based formulations. Herein, we proposed the use of the remaining skeleton of Lithothamnion calcareum (LC) as an alternative to fluorides. LC is a red macroalgae of the Corallinales order, occurring in the northeast coast of Brazil, whose unique feature is the abundant presence of calcium carbonates in its cell walls. Two experimental approaches tested the general hypothesis that LC could mediate enamel de-remineralization dynamics as efficiently as fluorides. Firstly, the effect of LC on enamel de-mineralization was determined in vitro by microhardness and gravimetric measurements to test the hypothesis that LC could either prevent calcium/phosphate release from intact enamel or facilitate calcium/phosphate reprecipitation on an artificially demineralized enamel surface. Subsequently, an in situ/ex vivo co-twin control study measured the effect of LC on the remineralization of chemical-demineralized enamel using microhardness and quantitative light-induced fluorescence. With this second experiment, we wanted to test whether outcomes obtained in experiment 1 would be confirmed by an in situ/ex vivo co-twin control model. Both experiments showed that LC exhibited equivalent or superior ability to modulate enamel de-remineralization when compared to fluoride solution. LC should be explored as an alternative to manage oral conditions involving the enamel demineralization.
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Rajab YS, Zaidan TF. Evaluation of Salivary Pepsin Levels and Dental Erosion in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e34744. [PMID: 36909113 PMCID: PMC9998119 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal condition affecting many individuals worldwide. GERD is characterized by esophageal symptoms and may contribute to various extraesophageal symptoms, including dental erosion (DE). This study aimed to estimate the levels of pepsin in the saliva of GERD patients to evaluate and compare the activity of pepsin between the GERD and healthy groups and investigate the prevalence of DE in the GERD group. Methodology In this case-control study, 40 patients with GERD, diagnosed with an endoscope, and 35 healthy subjects were included. Patients and healthy individuals were subjected to the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ). A dental assessment was performed using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). A total score of the BEWE risk level was obtained by summing the scores obtained in each sextant (no risk = ≤2, low risk = 3-8, medium risk = 9-13, and high risk = >13). Five milliliters of unstimulated saliva were collected in a sterile tube. The salivary pepsin levels examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were recorded for both groups. Results DE was significantly more frequent in GERD patients compared to healthy subjects. Overall, 32 (80%) GERD patients and 11 (31.4%) healthy individuals had DE risk. The mean salivary pepsin was 43.60 ± 10.61 ng/mL in the GERD group and 20.60 ± 9.27 ng/mL in the healthy group. A statistically significant difference was found in pepsin levels between the two groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions The study concluded that GERD patients had a higher prevalence of DE than healthy individuals. Our findings suggest that elevated salivary pepsin levels and their role as a factor responsible for DE need further evaluation to understand the mechanisms of pepsin-mediated damage leading to DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousif S Rajab
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ
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Chauhan N, Manjunath BC, Malhotra P, Yadav V, Kumar JS, Muppalla L, Bhukal S. Dietary Practices as a Potential Predictor for Dental Erosion among Patients Having Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2022; 12:583-589. [PMID: 36777015 PMCID: PMC9912832 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_95_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to assess how dietary practices impact gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients in Haryana state, India, from the perspective of either preventing or promoting dental erosion. Objectives The primary objective of this study was to find a correlation between the presence of dental erosion and dietary practices among patients with GERD.The secondary objective of this study was to assess the correlation between GERD patients' dietary practices and dental erosion severity. Materials and Methods Three hundred and thirty study participants, who've been 18 years of age or older with the diagnosis of GERD for at least six months or more were included. Evaluation of dental erosion was performed with basic erosive wear examination (BEWE) index. On age, gender, medical history, medication history, and dietary habits, a pretested structured questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis software SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) variant 20.0 was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Analytic statistics and descriptive statistics were used in the data analysis. Results Dental erosion was present in 84.8% of the study participants. The majority of study participants, 122 (37%), had no risk of dental erosion. The occurrence of dental erosion was shown to be substantially adversely associated to the intake of acidic meals and soft drinks in the present investigation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.5, P < 0.05). There has not been any proven link between the severity of dental erosion and the frequency of consuming acidic meals, fruit juice, and soft drinks. Milk consumption frequency and dental erosion severity were observed to be considerably inversely associated (r = -0.1, P = 0.001). Conclusion Patients with GERD frequently experienced dental erosion. One probable risk factor for the development of erosive dental lesions can be considered GERD. Most of the patients had dental erosion with a low degree of severity. When dental erosion occurs, the mineral quantity that dissolves from enamel is influenced by several factors, including the buffering action of the acids, pH, and duration of exposure. Whereas if the food and drinks contain adequate amounts of fluoride, calcium, and phosphate, the dissolution can be prevented. The intake of fruit juice, acidic foods, as well as soft drinks was not consumed to be a risk factor in the current study for directly causing or for promoting the severity of dental erosion since they were consumed less frequently. A higher frequency of milk ingestion was found to reduce the severity of dental erosion. Regular milk consumption could be regarded as an alternative dietary practice to stop dental erosion. As dental erosion is a complex condition, it's essential to have an early diagnosis and implement the proper preventive measures. It is vital to inform people about dental erosion and how it is interrelated to GERD and dietary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Chauhan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Neha Chauhan, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India. E-mail:
| | - B C Manjunath
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Parveen Malhotra
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Pt B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vipul Yadav
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Jadhav Sachin Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Lahari Muppalla
- Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shreya Bhukal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Flemming J, Hannig C, Hannig M. Caries Management-The Role of Surface Interactions in De- and Remineralization-Processes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237044. [PMID: 36498618 PMCID: PMC9737279 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioadhesion and surface interactions on enamel are of essential relevance for initiation, progression and prevention of caries and erosions. Salivary proteins on and within initial carious and erosive lesions can facilitate or aggravate de- and remineralization. This applies for the pellicle layer, the subsurface pellicle and for proteins within initial carious lesions. Little is known about these proteinaceous structures related to initial caries and erosion. Accordingly, there is a considerable demand for an understanding of the underlying processes occurring at the interface between the tooth surface and the oral cavity in order to develop novel agents that limit and modulate caries and erosion. Objectives and findings: The present paper depicts the current knowledge of the processes occurring at the interface of the tooth surface and the oral fluids. Proteinaceous layers on dental hard tissues can prevent or aggravate demineralization processes, whereas proteins within initial erosive or carious lesions might hinder remineralization considerably and restrict the entry of ions into lesions. CONCLUSIONS Despite the fact that organic-inorganic surface interactions are of essential relevance for de- and remineralization processes at the tooth surface, there is limited knowledge on these clinically relevant phenomena. Accordingly, intensive research is necessary to develop new approaches in preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Flemming
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, D-66424 Homburg, Germany
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Kim KH, Choi CH, Chung KH. Prevention of Dental Erosion Caused by Fermented Milk: An In-vitro Study. Oral Health Prev Dent 2022; 20:401-412. [PMID: 36346335 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b3556031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the efficacy of three techniques for preventing dental erosion and thereby identify effective methods. The three techniques were: 1) adding calcium to fermented milk (2% Ca and 0.5% Ca); 2) topical application of fluoride to the teeth before exposure to fermented milk (acidulated phosphate fluoride [APF] gel and 0.05% NaF); and 3) a combination of the two techniques (APF gel + 0.5% Ca, 0.05% NaF + 0.5% Ca). MATERIALS AND METHODS pH cycling was performed on bovine-tooth specimens alternately immersed in experimental solutions and artificial saliva. After treatment, the microhardness and roughness of the enamel surfaces were measured, and changes in the surface morphology were observed using atomic force microscope images. RESULTS Microhardness did not differ statistically significantly between the 2% Ca and mineral water (negative control) groups (2% Ca: 295.34 ± 11.50; mineral water group: 294.76 ± 10.67; p > 0.05). Surface roughness did not differ statistically significantly between the 2% Ca, 0.05% NaF + 0.5% Ca, and mineral water groups (2% Ca: 16.81 ± 7.23; 0.05% NaF + 0.5% Ca: 15.77 ± 2.86; mineral water group: 13.35 ± 5.53; p > 0.05). The surface morphology did not change in the mineral water and 2% Ca groups. CONCLUSION Considering that 2% calcium is a high concentration, adding a low concentration of calcium to fermented milk and applying a low concentration of fluoride daily decreased the reduction of surface microhardness and reduced the increase in surface roughness without causing marked changes in surface morphology. This confirms that combining the two techniques is an effective strategy to prevent dental erosion in-vitro.
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Ellis AW, Kosaraju A, Ruff RR, Miller CB, Francis JM, Vandewalle KS. Dental erosion as an indicator of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gen Dent 2022; 70:46-51. [PMID: 36288075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While evidence shows that dental erosion (DE) is often caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the relationship of DE severity to a patient's symptoms and receipt of appropriate medical treatment for GERD is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between DE and GERD. Eighty participants underwent a Basic Erosive Wear Examination for DE and completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) survey on symptoms of gastrointestinal reflux (PROMIS Scale v1.0, Gastrointestinal Gastroesophageal Reflux 13a) in English. Patients with observed erosive patterns were referred for gastroenterologic evaluation. The association between DE and GERD was assessed using multiple regression. The results showed that the extent of DE was positively associated with GERD symptoms (B = 0.585; 95% CI, 0.21-0.96), as measured by the PROMIS survey, in participants without a current diagnosis of GERD. Of the 80 patients in the study, 28 with more severe DE were evaluated in the gastroenterology department. A diagnosis of GERD was established for 27 of the 28, 9 of whom denied a past history of the disease. Twenty patients with GERD underwent upper endoscopy, and esophageal lesions were found in 6 patients (erosive esophagitis in 5 and Barrett esophagus in 1). Patients with clinically identified DE may benefit from medical evaluation and, if necessary, management of GERD. For a subset of patients, DE may be the only clinical indication of untreated or undertreated GERD, which could lead to serious esophageal changes. Dentists should consider referring patients with DE to primary care providers or gastrointestinal specialists to ensure that systemic conditions are identified and managed appropriately.
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Barros Júnior EDS, Ribeiro MES, Lima RR, Souza Júnior MHDSE, Loretto SC. Excessive Dental Bleaching with 22% Carbamide Peroxide Combined with Erosive and Abrasive Challenges: New Insights into the Morphology and Surface Properties of Enamel. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7496. [PMID: 36363088 PMCID: PMC9655651 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 22% carbamide peroxide combined with an erosive challenge and simulated brushing on enamel. Bovine incisor teeth were divided into G1, tooth bleaching; G2, tooth bleaching + erosive challenge; and G3, tooth bleaching + erosive challenge + simulated brushing, and evaluated at T0, before any intervention; T1, 14 days after the proposed treatments; and T2, 28 days after the proposed treatments. Tooth bleaching was performed daily for 1 h for 28 days. The microhardness, surface roughness, mass variation, and ultrastructure were analyzed at T0, T1, and T2. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was performed and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 5%) was used. The surface roughness increased in groups G2 and G3 as a function of time, whereas microhardness and mass measurements demonstrated a significant reduction for groups associated with challenges. Ultrastructural evaluation indicated a loss of the aprismatic layer and exposure of the enamel prisms in all groups after 14 days of bleaching, with more pronounced results in G2 and G3 after 28 days. In conclusion, abrasive and erosive challenges potentiated the deleterious effects of tooth whitening on microhardness, ultramorphology, and mass, without affecting the roughness of dental enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson de Sousa Barros Júnior
- Biomaterials Laboratory of the Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, UFPA, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mara Eliane Soares Ribeiro
- Biomaterials Laboratory of the Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, UFPA, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, UFPA, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Sandro Cordeiro Loretto
- Biomaterials Laboratory of the Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, UFPA, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
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Kranz S, Heyder M, Mueller S, Guellmar A, Krafft C, Nietzsche S, Tschirpke C, Herold V, Sigusch B, Reise M. Remineralization of Artificially Demineralized Human Enamel and Dentin Samples by Zinc-Carbonate Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7173. [PMID: 36295240 PMCID: PMC9610234 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Decalcified enamel and dentin surfaces can be regenerated with non-fluoride-containing biomimetic systems. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a zinc carbonate-hydroxyapatite-containing dentifrice on artificially demineralized enamel and dentin surfaces. (2) Methods: Human enamel and dentin discs were prepared and subjected to surface demineralization with 30% orthophosphoric acid for 60 s. Subsequently, in the test group (n = 20), the discs were treated three times a day for 3 min with a zinc carbonate-hydroxyapatite-containing toothpaste (biorepair®). Afterwards, all samples were gently rinsed with PBS (5 s) and stored in artificial saliva until next use. Samples from the control group (n = 20) received no dentifrice-treatment and were stored in artificial saliva, exclusively. After 15 days of daily treatment, specimens were subjected to Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray micro-analysis (EDX), white-light interferometry, and profilometry. (3) Results: Raman spectroscopy and white-light interferometry revealed no significant differences compared to the untreated controls. EDX analysis showed calcium phosphate and silicon dioxide precipitations on treated dentin samples. In addition, treated dentin surfaces showed significant reduced roughness values. (4) Conclusions: Treatment with biorepair® did not affect enamel surfaces as proposed. Minor mineral precipitation and a reduction in surface roughness were detected among dentin surfaces only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Mueller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - André Guellmar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sandor Nietzsche
- Center of Electron Microscopy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Caroline Tschirpke
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Herold
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernd Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, An der alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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22
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Augusto MG, Scaramucci T, Campos TMB, Aoki IV, Schlueter N, Borges AB. Film-Forming Polymers for Tooth Erosion Prevention. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194225. [PMID: 36236172 PMCID: PMC9573524 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different agents have been proposed to prevent the progression of acid induced dental substance losses, which are called erosive tooth wear (ETW), such as fluorides, calcium, and phosphate-based products; however, there is a need for a further increase in efficacy. Recently, the ability of polymers to interact with the tooth surface, forming acid resistant films, has come into the focus of research; nevertheless, there is still the need for a better understanding of their mode of action. Thus, this article provides an overview of the chemical structure of polymers, their mode of action, as well as the effect of their incorporation into oral care products, acid beverages, and antacid formulations, targeting the prevention of ETW. Recent evidence indicates that this may be a promising approach, however, additional studies are needed to confirm their efficacy under more relevant clinical conditions that consider salivary parameters such as flow rate, composition, and clearance. The standardization of methodological procedures such as acid challenge, treatment duration, and combination with fluorides is necessary to allow further comparisons between studies. In conclusion, film-forming polymers may be a promising cost-effective approach to prevent and control erosive demineralization of the dental hard tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gullo Augusto
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário de Cascavel–UNIVEL, Av. Tito Muffato, 317-Santa Cruz, Cascavel 85806-080, Brazil
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
| | | | - Idalina Vieira Aoki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-12-3947-9374
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Mailart MC, Berli PC, Borges AB, Yilmaz B, Baumann T, Carvalho TS. Pellicle modification with natural bioproducts: Influence on tooth color under erosive conditions. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12886. [PMID: 35839337 PMCID: PMC9796534 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Salivary pellicle was modified with bioproducts and we assessed the change in tooth color and the protection of enamel to erosion. Human enamel specimens were assigned to one of three solutions: grape seed extract or black tea (bioproducts), or deionized water (negative control); after which one half the specimens underwent erosive challenges. The specimens underwent 15 cycles involving salivary pellicle formation (10 min, 37°C), incubation in solution (2 min, 25°C), subsequent pellicle formation (90 min, 37°C). Half of the specimens was kept in a humid chamber and the other half was submitted to erosion (2 min, 1% citric acid). After 15 such cycles, the pellicle was removed. Tooth color and the surface reflection intensity were assessed after every five cycles and after pellicle removal. For non-eroded specimens, the exposure to bioproducts promoted significantly greater color change than the deionized water, with increases in yellow appearance. After pellicle removal, the color was similar in all non-eroded specimens. The bioproducts increased the surface reflection intensity over cycles. For the erosion-exposed specimens, erosion itself resulted in color change. Black tea and deionized water resulted in increased yellow appearance. Exposure to the bioproducts resulted in higher relative surface reflection intensity values over time, but only grape seed extract resulted in higher relative surface reflection intensity value at the time of pellicle removal. The bioproducts caused transient staining effect, which was reduced after pellicle removal. For enamel submitted to erosion, grape seed extract resulted in less color change and better protection of enamel against erosion than black tea or water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Cintra Mailart
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric DentistrySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Restorative DentistryInstitute of Science and TechnologySao Paulo State UniversitySao José dos CamposSão PauloBrazil
| | - Pavel Claudio Berli
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric DentistrySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Department of Restorative DentistryInstitute of Science and TechnologySao Paulo State UniversitySao José dos CamposSão PauloBrazil
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric DentistrySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and GerodontologySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric DentistrySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric DentistrySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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24
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Association of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease With Dental Erosion. Cureus 2022; 14:e30381. [PMID: 36407174 PMCID: PMC9667903 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) or chronic acid reflux disorder is a condition in which acid-containing contents continuously leak from the stomach and return to the esophagus. Acid reflux disease occurs in nearly every person at some unspecified time. In reality, it is considered as a reoccurrence of acid reflux disease disorder and heartburn, every day. However, when you have acid reflux disorder/heartburn greater than two times every week over numerous weeks, constantly take heartburn medicinal tablets and antacids. However, if your signs and symptoms and symptoms keep returning, you can have superior GERD. Your GERD needs to be handled with the aid of your healthcare employer. Now not simply to alleviate your symptoms, but because of the reality, GERD can result in extra intense issues. Dental erosion (DE) is the shortage of the ground of your tooth because of acids you eat or drink or acids arising from your stomach. Those acids can wash away the tough substance that makes up your enamel, number one to tooth floor loss. Acid also can melt the teeth floor, making it much less complicated to wear away with the beneficial aid of erosion. This is called acid put on or erosive enamel wear. The belly contains many sturdy acids that are used to digest food. Vomiting and reflux can reason those belly acids to enter your mouth. Gastric acids are very sturdy and might purpose considerable harm to the tooth. DE is the lack of the enamel's hard tissues due to the interplay of gastric juice, pepsin, and acid.
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25
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Butera A, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Scardina GA, Pezzullo S, Scribante A. Home Oral Care Domiciliary Protocol for the Management of Dental Erosion in Rugby Players: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164893. [PMID: 36013132 PMCID: PMC9410384 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
People performing regular physical activity are at high risk of dental erosion especially in cases of high sport drinks intake. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite-based oral hygiene products, like toothpastes and mouthwashes, have been investigated in recent years for their remineralizing activity on the teeth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different oral hygiene protocols, respectively consisting of the combination of a hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste plus mouthwash (Trial group) or toothpaste alone (Control Group). At baseline (T0), as well as at 15 days (T1), 30 days (T2) and 90 days (T3), the following clinical indexes were assessed: Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE), Schiff Air Index (SAI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Plaque Index (PI) and Bleeding Index (BI). In general, for all the indexes assessed, a progressive intragroup reduction was noticed from the baseline to the subsequent timepoints, with no intergroup differences. Accordingly, the use of the hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste, alone or in combination with the mouthwash containing hydroxyapatite as well, is an effective method for the domiciliary management of dental erosion in physically active individuals like rugby players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Sofia Pezzullo
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
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26
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Kumar N, Amin F, Hashem D, Khan S, Zaidi H, Rahman S, Farhan T, Mahmood SJ, Asghar MA, Zafar MS. Evaluating the pH of Various Commercially Available Beverages in Pakistan: Impact of Highly Acidic Beverages on the Surface Hardness and Weight Loss of Human Teeth. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7. [PMID: 35892372 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the pH of common beverages and to evaluate the effects of common acidic beverages on the surface hardness and weight loss of human tooth specimens. A total of 106 beverages were conveniently purchased from supermarkets in Karachi, Pakistan. Prior to evaluation, beverages were refrigerated or stored at room temperature in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations. Beverages were categorized into six groups: ‘Sports and Energy drinks’, ‘Water’, ‘Fruit Juices and Drinks’, ‘Sodas’, ‘Milk and Flavored Milk’ and ‘Teas and Coffee’. Using a pH meter, the pH of each beverage was measured in triplicate at room temperature. In addition, the influence of five highly acidic beverages on the weight loss and surface hardness of human tooth specimens was evaluated using gravimetric analysis and the Vickers hardness tester, respectively. ‘Sports and Energy drinks’, ‘Fruits Juices and Drinks’ and ‘Sodas’ were the most acidic beverage categories, with a pH range of 3.00−5.00. A total of 33% of beverages tested in this study were highly acidic (pH less than 4.00), 29% of beverages were moderately acidic (pH 4.00−4.99) and 31% were mildly acidic (pH 5.00−6.99). Significant weight loss was observed in all immersed specimens compared to control counterparts (p < 0.05). Similarly, for surface hardness, five highly acidic beverages (Red Bull, Pepsi, Apple Cidra, Tang Mosambi and Tang Orange) significantly decreased the surface hardness of specimens (p < 0.05). The pH levels of commonly available beverages in Pakistan are highly acidic, which may encourage loss of minerals from teeth; hence, affecting their surface hardness.
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27
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Butera A, Maiorani C, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Buono S, Scribante A. Dental Erosion Evaluation with Intact-Tooth Smartphone Application: Preliminary Clinical Results from September 2019 to March 2022. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:5133. [PMID: 35890813 DOI: 10.3390/s22145133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dental erosion is a process of deterioration of the dental hard tissue; it is estimated that about 30% of permanent teeth are affected in adolescence. The Intact-Tooth application allows for the better estimation of the problem, inserting itself in the diagnosis process, and better care and prevention for the patient. It provides him with scientifically validated protocols, which the patient can consult at any time. The purpose of this report was to conduct an initial evaluation on the use of the application, which has been available since September 2019: the analysis of the collected data allowed the first investigation of the incidence of the problem and the degree of susceptibility in the registered patients. Photos of 3894 patients with dental erosion were uploaded, through which the degree of susceptibility and the BEWE (basic erosive wear examination index) index could be assessed; of these, 99.72% had a susceptibility grade of 0 to 8, while 0.28% had a medium-high susceptibility grade; this result is related to the age and sex of the patients. The management of patients through the help of the application could promote the diagnosis and treatment of enamel diseases and encourage the self-learning of the learning machine, thanks to the number of clinical cases uploaded.
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28
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Mahajan R, Kulkarni R, Stoopler ET. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and oral health: A narrative review. Spec Care Dentist 2022; 42:555-564. [PMID: 35605234 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a clinical condition in which stomach contents leak backward into the esophagus. It affects millions of people worldwide and has a detrimental effect on quality of life. Heartburn and acid regurgitation are typical GERD symptoms, while atypical manifestations include noncardiac chest pain, cough and laryngitis. The oral and maxillofacial manifestations of GERD may include dental erosion, xerostomia, mucositis, aphthous like ulcerations, sour taste, burning mouth, hyperesthesia, bruxism, and/or temporomandibular disorder (TMD). This narrative review provides oral health care professionals with an update to medical aspects of GERD, recognition and management of oral and maxillofacial manifestations of the condition and provision of appropriate dental care for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Mahajan
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Roopali Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric T Stoopler
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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29
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Bull VH, Melbye EL. Knowledge about caries and erosive tooth wear is confused among Norwegian high school students. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:573-579. [PMID: 35403544 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2055788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated differences in high school students' subjective and objective knowledge- and concerns about preventing caries and/or erosive tooth wear and the associations between these variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey was conducted among students at 16 high schools in Norway. The survey included a range of fact-based questions to measure objective knowledge about caries and erosive tooth wear, as well as questions about students' perceptions of his/her own knowledge (subjective knowledge) and concerns about preventing the two conditions. RESULTS There were small differences in subjective knowledge about caries and erosive tooth wear among the 784 students who completed the survey (p < .01). However, students scored significantly higher on objective knowledge about caries (mean 2.99) than about erosive tooth wear (mean 1.45), p < .01, and seemed to confuse the two conditions. By contrast, students scored significantly worse on questions about beverages' potential to cause caries (mean 5.18) than to cause erosive tooth wear (mean 6.30), p < .001. Finally, objective knowledge about caries was positively associated with subjective knowledge about caries, but corresponding associations could not be found for erosive tooth wear. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about caries and erosive tooth wear seemed to be confused among Norwegian high school students.
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30
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Jász M, Szőke J. Dental Erosion and Its Relation to Potential Influencing Factors among 12-year-old Hungarian Schoolchildren. Oral Health Prev Dent 2022; 20:95-102. [PMID: 35285597 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2805391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional observational study evaluated the frequency of dental erosion in 12-year-old schoolchildren in Hungary and its connection to gender, geographical region, eating/drinking habits, and to socioeconomic factors, such as the educational level of their mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS 579 randomly selected children aged 12 (287 boys and 292 girls) were examined in our cross-sectional study from 14 different regions in Hungary. Clinical examinations were carried out by the same examiner, using the 'Basic Erosive Wear Examination' (BEWE) index. A self-administered questionnaire was filled in by each child, surveying their oral hygiene, nutritional habits and socioeconomic status. RESULTS 21.2% of the children showed dentitions with signs of erosion. We found statistically significantly higher BEWE scores in urban than in rural areas (p = 0.0058). There was no difference between genders. Among children drinking carbonated soft drinks once or more daily, the prevalence of BEWE score < 3 was statistically significantly lower than among those who consumed these kinds of beverages less frequently (83.6% vs 90%, respectively, p = 0.034). Children of mothers with a highschool diploma had a BEWE score ≥ 3 statistically significantly less frequently than those whose mothers had not graduated from highschool (8.4% vs 22.5%, respectively, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of dental erosion among 12-year-old children in Hungary is not as high as reported previously in Western European countries. A positive correlation was observed between the consumption of carbonated soft drinks, the educational level of the mothers and the level of erosion. These factors statistically significantly affected the prevalence and severity of erosive dental lesions.
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31
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Epple M, Enax J, Meyer F. Prevention of Caries and Dental Erosion by Fluorides-A Critical Discussion Based on Physico-Chemical Data and Principles. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:6. [PMID: 35049604 PMCID: PMC8774499 DOI: 10.3390/dj10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion is a common problem in dentistry. It is defined as the loss of tooth mineral by the attack of acids that do not result from caries. From a physico-chemical point of view, the nature of the corroding acids only plays a minor role. A protective effect of fluorides, to prevent caries and dental erosion, is frequently claimed in the literature. The proposed modes of action of fluorides include, for example, the formation of an acid-resistant fluoride-rich surface layer and a fluoride-induced surface hardening of the tooth surface. We performed a comprehensive literature study on the available data on the interaction between fluoride and tooth surfaces (e.g., by toothpastes or mouthwashes). These data are discussed in the light of general chemical considerations on fluoride incorporation and the acid solubility of teeth. The analytical techniques available to address this question are presented and discussed with respect to their capabilities. In summary, the amount of fluoride that is incorporated into teeth is very low (a few µg mm-2), and is unlikely to protect a tooth against an attack by acids, be it from acidic agents (erosion) or from acid-producing cariogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
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32
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Pascolutti M, de Oliveira D. A Radical-Free Approach to Teeth Whitening. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:148. [PMID: 34940045 DOI: 10.3390/dj9120148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional bleaching agents based on hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP) have adverse soft and hard tissue effects. Objectives: This study tested a novel formulation of phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) with additives to optimise its safety and effectiveness. Methods: A novel gel (PAP+) was formulated. Laboratory studies assessed effects of six 10-minute exposures to PAP+ vs. commercial CP and HP gels, using surface profilometry and microhardness. The effectiveness of PAP+ in vitro against complex polyphenol stains on enamel was compared to 6% HP. Results: Unlike HP gels, PAP+ gel did not erode enamel. Unlike both CP and HP gels, PAP+ gel did not reduce the surface microhardness of enamel. PAP+ gel on used on polyphenol stains was superior to 6% HP. In this model, six repeated 10-minute treatments with PAP+ gel could improve the shade by approximately eight VITA® Bleachedguide shades. Conclusions: These laboratory results support the safety and effectiveness of this new PAP formula and its use as an alternative to CP and HP with superior safety and effectiveness.
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33
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Teng NC, Pandey A, Hsu WH, Huang CS, Lee WF, Lee TH, Yang TCK, Yang TS, Yang JC. Rehardening and the Protective Effect of Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Paste on Surface-Etched Enamel. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4268. [PMID: 34883772 PMCID: PMC8659594 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many revolutionary approaches are on the way pertaining to the high occurrence of tooth decay, which is an enduring challenge in the field of preventive dentistry. However, an ideal dental care material has yet to be fully developed. With this aim, this research reports a dramatic enhancement in the rehardening potential of surface-etched enamels through a plausible synergistic effect of the novel combination of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) paste, within the limitations of the study. The percentage of recovery of the surface microhardness (SMHR%) and the surface parameters for 9 wt% γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste on acid-etched enamel were investigated with a Vickers microhardness tester and an atomic force microscope, respectively. This in vitro study demonstrates that γ-PGA/nano-HAp treatment could increase the SMHR% of etched enamel to 39.59 ± 6.69% in 30 min. To test the hypothesis of the rehardening mechanism and the preventive effect of the γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste, the surface parameters of mean peak spacing (Rsm) and mean arithmetic surface roughness (Ra) were both measured and compared to the specimens subjected to demineralization and/or remineralization. After the treatment of γ-PGA/nano-HAp on the etched surface, the reduction in Rsm from 999 ± 120 nm to 700 ± 80 nm suggests the possible mechanism of void-filling within a short treatment time of 10 min. Furthermore, ΔRa-I, the roughness change due to etching before remineralization, was 23.15 ± 3.23 nm, while ΔRa-II, the roughness change after remineralization, was 11.99 ± 3.90 nm. This statistically significant reduction in roughness change (p < 0.05) implies a protective effect against the demineralization process. The as-developed novel γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste possesses a high efficacy towards tooth microhardness rehardening, and a protective effect against acid etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Aditi Pandey
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
| | - Wei-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (T.C.-K.Y.)
| | - Ching-Shuan Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Fang Lee
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hsin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
| | - Thomas Chung-Kuang Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (T.C.-K.Y.)
| | - Tzu-Sen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Chang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan
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Mylonas P, Moazzez R, Joiner A, Bartlett D. Superimposition of sequential scans to measure erosion on unpolished and curved human enamel. J Dent 2021; 117:103879. [PMID: 34762989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if superimposition of sequential scans can discriminate between different fluorides at step heights less than 5 μm on natural human enamel surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS Natural, unpolished, human enamel specimens (n = 60) were randomly assigned to one of three pre-treatment toothpaste slurries with a calcium silicate/fluoride, fluoride-only and a control. Baseline and post treatment scans, from a non-contacting profilometer with a 0.01 μm z-axis and <1 μm lateral scanning resolution were imported into superimposition software to define change in mean 3D step height and surface roughness following erosion in 0.3 % citric acid for 15 min. Statistical analysis conducted with two-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's multiple comparisons. RESULTS Confidence and resolution of superimposition and subtraction of repeated profiles from unpolished enamel revealed accuracy within 1-2 μm. The technique was able to discriminate between the fluorides demonstrating statistical differences in mean (SD) 3D step height (μm) of 1.96 (0.40) and 2.75 (0.49) (p=0.0024). There was a statistically significant increase in surface roughness for all groups after 15 min erosion compared to baseline. But no statistically significant difference between the interventions after 15 min erosion but there was compared to no fluoride (p=0.006). CONCLUSION Superimposition and subtraction of profiles could discriminate between fluoride interventions, which showed statistical differences in enamel loss differences less than 3 μm. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This erosion model and data analysis workflow was able to distinguish differences between scans of 3 μm on unpolished enamel following the interaction with fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mylonas
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, United Kingdom; Centre for Oral, Clinical &Translational Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, London, United Kingdom.
| | - R Moazzez
- Centre for Oral, Clinical &Translational Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Joiner
- Unilever Oral Care, Bebington, Wirral, United Kingdom
| | - D Bartlett
- Centre for Oral, Clinical &Translational Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, London, United Kingdom
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Attin T, Körner P, Wegehaupt F. Erosive tooth wear among athletes. Quintessence Int 2021; 52:912-919. [PMID: 34664925 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b1981423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The following article deals with various considerations concerning the frequently observed occurrence of dental erosion in athletes. It summarizes the basics of erosive tooth wear development as well as special etiologic factors for groups of athletes with increased prevalence of dental erosion and concludes with preventive advice. (Originally published (in German) in Quintessenz Zahnmed 2021;72:1008-1017).
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Belmar da Costa M, Delgado AHS, Amorim Afonso T, Proença L, Ramos AS, Mano Azul A. Investigating a Commercial Functional Adhesive with 12-MDPB and Reactive Filler to Strengthen the Adhesive Interface in Eroded Dentin. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203562. [PMID: 34685320 PMCID: PMC8538624 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the adhesive interface of eroded dentin formed by a functional dental adhesive and a gold standard strategy, by testing microtensile bond strength (μTBS), hardness/elastic modulus. Permanent sound human molars were randomly allocated to four experimental groups, all subject to artificial erosion (0.05 M citric acid; 3× daily, 5 days). Groups included control Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CFSE), and experimental group Clearfil SE Protect (CFP), at two different time points-immediate (24 h) and long term (3 months–3 M). Samples were sectioned into microspecimens for μTBS (n = 8) and into 2-mm thick slabs for nanoindentation assays (n = 3). Groups CFSE_3M and CFP_3M were stored in artificial saliva. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA for μTBS data, while hardness/modulus results were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis H Test (significance level of 5%; SPSS v.27.0). Although no significant differences were found between mean μTBS values, for different adhesives and time points (p > 0.05), a positive trend, with μTBS rising in the CFP_3M group, was observed. Regarding hardness, no significant differences were seen in the hybrid layer, considering the two variables (p > 0.05), while the reduced elastic modulus rose in CFP_3M when compared to 24 h. Thus, CFP shows similar mechanical and adhesive performance to CFSE in eroded dentin, although it may comprise promising long-term results. This is advantageous in eroded substrates due to their increased enzymatic activity and need for remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Belmar da Costa
- Unit of Conservative Dentistry, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (M.B.d.C.); (T.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - António HS Delgado
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
- Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, Hampstead, London NW3 2PF, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Tomás Amorim Afonso
- Unit of Conservative Dentistry, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (M.B.d.C.); (T.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Luís Proença
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Ana Sofia Ramos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Mano Azul
- Unit of Conservative Dentistry, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (M.B.d.C.); (T.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
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Kangasmaa H, Tanner T, Laitala ML, Mulic A, Kopperud SE, Vähänikkilä H, Anttonen V, Alaraudanjoki V. Knowledge on and treatment practices of erosive tooth wear among Finnish dentists. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:499-505. [PMID: 33689559 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1896031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate Finnish dentists' knowledge on and means of recording, detecting and diagnosing erosive tooth wear (ETW). Treatment options and possible differences in treatment decisions between general and specialized dentists were also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic questionnaire was sent by e-mail to 3664 Finnish dentists. Respondents' gender, age, work experience, field of specialty, and practice location were requested. The questionnaire also included a patient case where the dentists were asked about their choice of treatment. Statistical analyses were performed using means, proportions, and cross tabulations. RESULTS Response rate was 24% (n = 866). Almost all respondents (98.0%) recorded ETW in patient files, but only 4.1% used a detailed scoring system. Of the respondents, 64.4% usually found the cause of ETW. Use of carbonated beverages (84.3%), energy drinks (57.0%), and reflux disease (53.1%) were reported to be probable causes. The majority of the respondents (80.9%) usually assessed patient's dietary history while 1.9% evaluated saliva secretion rate. When asked about treatment decisions of ETW patients, the differences between general dentists and specialized dentists were not as obvious as hypothesized. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the Finnish dentists who participated in this survey are able to detect and/or diagnose erosive tooth wear, but there is variation in recording it. The differences in treatment decisions between general dentists and specialized dentists seem to be moderate. The treatment practices for ETW are not established and further research to create clinical guidelines seems to be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kangasmaa
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Tanner
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aida Mulic
- Nordic Institute of Dental Materials, NIOM, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Hannu Vähänikkilä
- Faculty of Medicine, Infrastructure for Population Studies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Habashi W, Bader-Farraj A, Shpack N, Beitlitum I, May H, Sarig R. Three-Dimensional Surface Texture Analysis of Fluoride's Effect on Enamel Erosion. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194528. [PMID: 34640545 PMCID: PMC8509756 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel erosion has become a common clinical finding that often impairs dental esthetics and function. In the current study, we aimed to implement the three-dimensional surface texture analysis (3DST) method to explore the protective effect of fluoride on surface texture prior to erosive conditions. For each of the 50 teeth used in this study, the polished buccal enamel surface was divided into three separate areas: the first area was untouched polished enamel, the two other surfaces were immersed in 0.3% citric acid for 30 s. One was treated with high-concentration (19,000 ppm) sodium fluoride (NaF) solution prior to acid attack, and the other had no treatment prior to acid exposure. Enamel surface texture and step height measurements were obtained using a high-resolution disk scanning confocal microscope, and SEM images were also acquired. Surfaces treated with fluoride showed fewer variations in 3-D surface texture parameters than the eroded surface compared to the control group (p = 0.001). This was in accordance with the SEM descriptive images. The findings indicate that pre-fluoridated enamel areas were less affected by the acid and showed similar features to the untouched enamel. Moreover, a protective effect of the fluoride treatment against irreversible enamel damage was noted as the surface loss (step-height) was significantly reduced (p = 0.03). The study showed that 3DST analysis is a valuable methodology for detecting and quantifying subtle differences between the surfaces. When exploring the combination of all surface texture parameters, it was revealed that the pre-fluoridated eroded enamel surfaces showed considerable similarity to the untouched enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Habashi
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Amal Bader-Farraj
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Nir Shpack
- Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Ilan Beitlitum
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implants, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Hila May
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Rachel Sarig
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-640-6569
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Sato T, Fukuzawa Y, Kawakami S, Suzuki M, Tanaka Y, Terayama H, Sakabe K. The Onset of Dental Erosion Caused by Food and Drinks and the Preventive Effect of Alkaline Ionized Water. Nutrients 2021; 13:3440. [PMID: 34684439 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of dental erosion caused by the ingestion of acidic foods and drinks, including sports drinks, has been increasing in Japan and elsewhere. Therefore, the problems associated with this injury can no longer be ignored in dental clinical practice. The ingestion of these foods and drinks is important from the viewpoint of overall health and disease prevention. For example, fermented foods, such as Japanese pickles, enhance the nutritional value of foodstuffs and promote the absorption of nutrients into the body, and sports drinks are useful for preventing heat stroke and dehydration. Therefore, eliminating these intakes is not a viable solution. In this paper, we outline the mechanism of dental erosion caused by acidic beverages and also describe the effectiveness of alkaline ionized water (AIW) at preventing acid erosion. Given the fact that the complete elimination of acidic beverage consumption is highly unlikely, remedies such as the use of alkaline ionized water (AIW) may be helpful.
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Ortiz ADC, Fideles SOM, Pomini KT, Buchaim RL. Updates in association of gastroesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion: systematic review. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:1037-1046. [PMID: 33571021 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1890030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Dental erosion occurs by dissolving dental apatite when exposed to non-bacterial acids. One of the factors that predispose to dental erosion is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) due to chronic regurgitation of gastric contents to the oropharynx. Thus, in addition to other extraesophageal symptoms, individuals with GERD may have erosive dental lesions.Areas covered: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the association and prevalence of erosive wear in patients with GERD. The bibliographic search was performed in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases, using the descriptors 'gastroesophageal reflux disease' AND 'dental erosion', considering clinical studies recently published from 2012 to 2020.Expert opinion: GERD can be considered a risk factor for the development of erosive dental lesions, whose prevalence was significantly higher in this group. However, several other factors can be commonly associated with the prevalence and severity of dental erosion among the world population, such as dietary habits, lifestyle, abrasion and bruxism. Thus, the prevalence and distribution of erosive lesions among healthy and GERD subjects varied widely among studies, which denotes the etiological complexity of dental erosion and reinforces the importance of careful and detailed anamnesis in order to establish an accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana De Cássia Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Ortiz Moura Fideles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Romero MJRH, Bezerra SJC, Fried D, Yang V, Lippert F, Eckert GJ, Zero DT, Hara AT. Cross-polarization optical coherence tomographic assessment of in situ simulated erosive tooth wear. J Biophotonics 2021; 14:e202100090. [PMID: 34105881 PMCID: PMC8448929 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This clinical study tested cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) monitoring of erosive tooth wear (ETW). Twenty participants completed a 14-day/arm, 3-arm crossover study simulating different ETW severities. Participants received two enamel specimens (per arm) and were randomized to: severe (s-ETW, lemon juice/pH:2.5/4.25%wt/vol citric acid), moderate (m-ETW, grapefruit juice/pH:3.5/1.03%wt/vol citric acid), and non-ETW (water). Enamel thickness was measured with CP-OCT (day[D] 0, 7, 14) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT; D14). Enamel surface loss was determined with CP-OCT and optical profilometry (OP; D7, D14). CP-OCT showed higher enamel surface loss for D14 than D7 for m-ETW (P = .009) and s-ETW (P = .040) and differentiated severity at D14 (s-ETW > non-ETW, P = .027). OP was able to differentiate surface loss between days (D7 < D14, P < .001) for m-ETW and s-ETW, and ETW severity effect after 7 and 14 days (non-ETW < m-ETW < s-ETW, P < .001). At D14, CP-OCT and μ-CT were positively correlated (r = .87, ICC = .62). CP-OCT showed potential as a tool for clinical ETW monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jacinta Rosario H Romero
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Savio J C Bezerra
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- University of São Paulo School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vincent Yang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - George J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Domenick T Zero
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Anderson Takeo Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Alazmah A. Relation between Childhood Asthma and Dental Erosion in Al-Kharj Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S293-S296. [PMID: 34447096 PMCID: PMC8375900 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_779_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Asthma is a long-lasting disease that affects large number of the society and could impact on the oral health leading to increase in the needs of prevention and treatment. Currently, the prevalence of childhood asthma in Saudi Arabia is ranging from 9% to 33%. Objective: the objective was to evaluate dental erosion in control children and those with asthma. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 100 children aged 3–12 years. Equally distribution of subjects was between the asthmatic and non-asthmatic group, at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Dental Clinics, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. The assessment consisted of an oral examination assessing erosive wear according to the American Academy of Pediatrics 2018 guidelines and a questionnaire to the parents/guardians addressing the background details and information about the child asthma. Results: Among 12 (24%) asthmatic children and 9 (18%) non-asthmatic children had dental erosion. In the adjusted analysis, no association was found between asthma and erosion. It has been shown that oral hygiene may have an effect occurrence or severity of erosion; brushing teeth once or more per day appeared to have less incidence of dental erosion compared with those not brushing their teeth regularly. Conclusions: This article provided no additional data than that given earlier, where no correlation was observed between asthma and dental erosion in children aged from 3 to 12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulfatah Alazmah
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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Picoș AM, Petean I, Picoș A, Dădârlat-Pop A, Răchișan AL, Tomșa AM, Petrăchescu NM, Petri C, Badea ME, Măgurean ID. Atomic force microscopy analysis of the surface alterations of enamel, dentin, composite and ceramic materials exposed to low oral pH in GERD. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:673. [PMID: 33986838 PMCID: PMC8112109 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion is a significant topic in medical literature, both for gastroenterology and dental medicine. Dental structure loss has a psychosocial and functional significance. The pathogenesis of dental erosion in patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) characterized by the presence of an acidic oral environment after reflux episodes, is not well understood. The present study was designed to observe the effect of low oral pH in time on natural surfaces including enamel and dentine, but also on materials used in treating these dental destructions such as composites and ceramics. The acidic oral environment was estimated in relation to salivary pH. In the dental laboratory, 5-mm2 and 1-mm composite pieces of thick enamel, dentine, Emax Ceramic and Nexco Ivoclar were cut in order to be analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and to observe the surface alterations. Gastric acid was collected and mixed with saliva until a pH value of 6.0 was obtained, in which the pieces were immersed for 24, 120, 240 h. Roughness of each surface was calculated at a microstructure and nanostructure level. The results showed significant alterations in enamel and dentine exposed to a lower pH level beginning even at a short immersion time, in comparison with composites and ceramics which had no alterations. In conclusion, multidisciplinary attention should be given to detect and manage acidity of the oral cavity caused by GERD, in order to prevent dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Monica Picoș
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, ‘Babes Bolyai’ University, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Picoș
- Department of Prevention in Dental Medicine, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Dădârlat-Pop
- Department of Cardiology ‘Nicolae Stancioiu’ Heart Institute, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea-Liana Răchișan
- Department of Pediatrics II, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Magdalena Tomșa
- Department of Pediatrics II, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Narcisa Mădălina Petrăchescu
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Mândra Eugenia Badea
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Dora Măgurean
- Department Photo-Video, University of Arts and Design, 400148 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Tauböck TT, Schmidlin PR, Attin T. Vertical Bite Rehabilitation of Severely Worn Dentitions with Direct Composite Restorations: Clinical Performance up to 11 Years. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081732. [PMID: 33923679 PMCID: PMC8073648 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate the clinical performance of direct composite restorations placed in patients with severely worn dentitions at an increased vertical dimension of occlusion, after up to 11 years. One hundred and sixty-four teeth in 13 patients with severely worn dentitions had been reconstructed with either microhybrid (first cohort; n = 59) or nanofilled (second cohort; n = 105) composite restorations at increased vertical dimension of occlusion using a wax-up-based template-aided placement technique. From the dental records, information about repair and replacement of restorations was obtained. Patients were clinically examined after a mean follow-up time of 10.7 years (first cohort) or 5.2 years (second cohort) using United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Subjective patient satisfaction was also recorded using visual analogue scales (VAS). The overall quality of the restorations was good with predominantly 'Alpha' and 'Bravo' scores, respectively. Nanofilled composite showed less surface degradation and better margin qualities than microhybrid composite. Of the 59 restored teeth in the first cohort, 13 restorations showed unfavorable events after 10.7 years, of which ten could be repaired. In the second cohort, 23 of 105 restorations showed unfavorable events, which could all be repaired. VAS scores revealed high patient satisfaction with the treatment approach. In conclusion, direct composite restorations placed at an increased vertical dimension of occlusion show good clinical long-term performance in patients with severe tooth wear.
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Kufiyah AK, Bagasi AMH, Nawlalili SM, Bazaid DS, Marghalani AA, Fathi A. Effect of Zamzam Water on Microhardness of Primary Tooth Enamel After Erosion Induced by Claritin Syrup: An In-vitro Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:173-178. [PMID: 34036079 PMCID: PMC8118050 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_420_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental erosion is an irreversible damage to hard tissues in the mouth due to acid dissolution not induced by microorganisms. Oral medications contributed to the etiology of dental erosion. Among these medications, antihistamine-containing syrups were reported to have a considerable erosive effect on hard dental tissues. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effect of Zamzam water on the microhardness of primary tooth enamel after erosion induced by Claritin™ syrup. Materials and Methods: The present in-vitro study was conducted on 25 primary central incisor teeth. The labial surfaces of the specimens were prepared for microhardness testing. Baseline microhardness was measured first, then the samples were submerged in the erosive agent Claritin™ syrup, for 30 min every 12 h for 12 days. Thereafter, all the teeth were placed in Zamzam water for 30 min every 12 h for 12 days. The microhardness was measured by the Vickers hardness tester and expressed as Vickers microhardness value (VH). The measurements were completed three times for the same sample: baseline, after erosion, and after Zamzam treatment. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The primary teeth included in this study showed a significant increase in their surface microhardness after Zamzam water treatment; the mean value of VH was increased from 33.12 ± 1.62 to 89.32 ± 8.52 (P-value <0.0001). Conclusion: Zamzam water could be introduced as a part of the management of dental erosion in the primary dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Adel Fathi
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hara AT, Elkington-Stauss D, Ungar PS, Lippert F, Eckert GJ, Zero DT. Three-Dimensional Surface Texture Characterization of In Situ Simulated Erosive Tooth Wear. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1236-1242. [PMID: 33853413 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211005678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This in situ erosive tooth wear (ETW) study tested enamel 3-dimensional (3D) surface texture outcomes for the detection and differentiation of ETW lesions simulated in clinically relevant conditions. Twenty participants enrolled in this 3-arm crossover intraoral ETW simulation and wore their own partial denture for 14 d holding 2 human enamel specimens (per arm). In each arm, participants were assigned to 1 of 3 different dental erosion protocols: severe (lemon juice/pH 2.5), moderate (grapefruit juice/pH 3.5), and no erosion (bottled drinking water, control). Enamel specimens were evaluated by white-light scanning confocal profilometry for 3D surface texture and surface loss (ETW model validation). Individual point clouds were analyzed using standard dental microwear texture characterization protocols for surface roughness and anisotropy. Fractal complexity (Asfc), texture aspect ratio (Str), and arithmetical mean height (Sa) values were generated at baseline, 7 d, and 14 d. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance models suitable for the crossover design with repeated measurements, and correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between outcomes. Asfc and Sa differentiated ETW severity (no erosion < moderate < severe, P < 0.001) at days 7 and 14. Asfc and Sa were lower at baseline compared to days 7 and 14 (P < 0.001) for moderate and severe challenges. Asfc increased from day 7 to 14 (P = 0.042) for the severe challenge. For Str, ETW severity did not have a significant effect overall (P = 0.15). Asfc and Sa were highly positively correlated (r = 0.89, P < 0.001), while Asfc and Sa were not correlated overall with Str (r < 0.1, P ≥ 0.25). Enamel surface loss increased with ETW severity (no erosion < moderate < severe, P < 0.001) at days 7 and 14, validating the ETW simulation model. Complexity (Asfc) and roughness (Sa) outcomes were able to detect and differentiate ETW levels, with Asfc being able to monitor the progression of severe lesions. No clear characterization of ETW lesions could be provided by the anisotropy (Str) parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Hara
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D Elkington-Stauss
- Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - P S Ungar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - F Lippert
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - G J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D T Zero
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of dental erosive wear among five-year-olds in Bergen, Norway, and to investigate associations between background factors and the condition. METHODS A total of 387 children received a dental examination in five Public Dental Service clinics in Bergen, Norway. The parents responded to items about the children's dental hygiene and drinking habits, type of beverage container, diet, and other habits, and about their own age, educational level and country of origin. We explored background variables for possible associations with the outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear (19.4%, n = 75). Chi-squared statistics and logistic regression (Odds Ratios (OR): 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), served as statistical tools). RESULTS Approximately 80% showed erosive wear (by SEPRS and by adopted diagnostic instrument (78.5% vs 79.8%)). The condition affected maxillary anterior teeth in 13.9% (n = 54), and cuppings in molars in 79.3% (n = 307) of cases. Grinding teeth during the day and/or night (OR: 1.87, CI: 1.07-3.25) and male sex (OR: 1.76, CI: 1.05-2.96) significantly related to outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear, respectively. CONCLUSION Dental erosive wear was widespread. Grinding teeth and male sex associated with outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Nygard Tvilde
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Athanasia Bletsa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Anne Marit Graue
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Anne B. Skaare
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Slåttelid Skeie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
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Belmar da Costa M, Delgado AHS, Pinheiro de Melo T, Amorim T, Mano Azul A. Analysis of laboratory adhesion studies in eroded enamel and dentin: a scoping review. Biomater Investig Dent 2021; 8:24-38. [PMID: 33629074 PMCID: PMC7889235 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2021.1884558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To summarize and report laboratory studies of adhesion in eroded substrates, which used bond strength as an outcome measure. To determine the strategies available to overcome bonding difficulties, the quality and consistency of the methodology and to find evidence gaps. Materials and Methods The present review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A search was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Scopus and EMBASE (Ovid) databases to identify published peer-reviewed papers (2010–2020). For final qualitative synthesis, 29 articles were selected which respected the inclusion criteria. Data charting was carried out, independently, by two reviewers and quality assessment of the articles was performed. Results The primary studies included fall into four major categories: comparison of restorative materials and application modes, enzymatic inhibitors, surface pretreatments or remineralization strategies. Most studies found evaluated dentin (76%), while 17% evaluated enamel, and 7% evaluated both substrates. The majority of the studies reported an effective intervention (83%). Bond strength to eroded dentin is significantly reduced, while in enamel erosion is beneficial. The bond strength to eroded dentin is material-dependent and favored in systems containing 10-MDP. Great disparities among the erosion models used were found, with citric acid in different concentrations being the preferred method, although standardization is lacking. Conclusions Adhesives containing 10-MDP show beneficial results in eroded dentin, and surface preparation methods should be considered. Studies which evaluated adhesion to eroded enamel/dentin show high heterogeneity in what concerns aims and methodology. Strategies that focus on remineralizing dentin and strategies to protect bond longevity in this substrate require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - António H S Delgado
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Almada, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinheiro de Melo
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Almada, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Almada, Portugal
| | - Tomás Amorim
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Almada, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Mano Azul
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Almada, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Almada, Portugal
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Donovan T, Nguyen-Ngoc C, Abd Alraheam I, Irusa K. Contemporary diagnosis and management of dental erosion. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:78-87. [PMID: 33410255 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article is aimed at providing an overview of the topic of erosive tooth wear (ETW), highlighting the clinical signs, diagnosis, and management of dental erosion. OVERVIEW With the increased prevalence of ETW, it is important that oral health professionals are able to recognize the early signs. Early clinical signs of dental erosion are characterized by loss of enamel texture, a silky glossy appearance, and sometimes a dulling of the surface gloss, referred to as the "whipped clay effect, cupping, and restorations 'standing proud'." The progression of ETW should be monitored by means of diagnostic models or clinical photographs. ETW can be as a result of acid attack of extrinsic or intrinsic origin. CONCLUSION There is an increase of ETW that is being recognized by the profession. The first step in diagnosing and management is to recognize as early as possible that the process is occurring. At that point a determination of whether the primary etiology is either intrinsic or extrinsic should be made. If these findings are confirmed, appropriate prevention, and management strategies can be adopted followed by appropriate restorative therapy. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The prevalence of ETW continues to increase. It is therefore important that oral health care providers have a better understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of this condition. This review aims to provide the guidelines for diagnosis and management of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Donovan
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caroline Nguyen-Ngoc
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Islam Abd Alraheam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karina Irusa
- Advanced Education in Operative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Körner P, Nguyen TP, Hamza B, Attin T, Wegehaupt FJ. Enamel Softening Can Be Reduced by Rinsing with a Fluoride Mouthwash Before Dental Erosion but Not with a Calcium Solution. Oral Health Prev Dent 2021; 19:587-594. [PMID: 34734518 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2259087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This in-situ-study investigated if rinsing the oral cavity with a calcium containing solution or a fluoride containing mouthwash immediately before an erosive attack leads to reduced enamel softening. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bovine enamel samples (n = 240) with measured baseline surface microhardness (KHN) were assigned to five series (S1-5). Twelve participants carried out each series as follows: Four enamel samples of the associated test series were placed in an intraoral appliance and carried in each participants' mouth. After 30 min, the participants either rinsed the oral cavity for 60 s with 30 ml of a solution prepared from a 1,000 mg calcium effervescent tablet dissolved in 100 ml water (S2), an 800 mg calcium containing mineral supplement powder (5 g) dissolved in 200 ml water (S3), a fluoride (500 ppm) mouthwash (S4), a fluoride (500 ppm) and stannous chloride (800 ppm) containing mouthwash (S5), or did not rinse with any test solution before the erosive attack (S1, negative control). The participants subsequently rinsed the oral cavity with 100 ml of a soft drink (Sprite Zero) for 60 s to simulate the erosive attack and immediately afterwards with water to stop the erosive process. As final step, surface microhardness was measured a second time and hardness loss (∆KHN) calculated. Differences of ∆KHN between the series were investigated by fitting a mixed effect model to the data set. RESULTS The highest loss of microhardness and thus softening of enamel (mean of ∆KHN; lower/upper confidence level) was observed in the negative control (S1: 60.2; 67.6/52.8). While no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) compared to S1 could be found in S2 (50.0; 57.4/42.5) and S3 (54.6; 62.1/47.2), statistically significantly less softening of enamel (P < 0.001) was discovered in S5 (33.8; 41.2/26.4) and S4 (41.8.2; 49.3/34.4). S5 showed the overall lowest values for ∆KHN and thus best protection from enamel softening. CONCLUSION Rinsing with a fluoride mouthwash or a fluoride and stannous chloride containing mouthwash immediately before an erosive attack reduces the softening of enamel. None of the investigated calcium-containing solutions was able to reduce erosion induced softening of enamel.
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